GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY: AWARENESS AND SATISFACTION

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, SEPT-OCT, 2022, VOL- 10/73

>kj[kaM ds i=dkfjrk dk bfrgkl panu dqekj, Ph. D.

ojh; lekpkj laiknd, nSfud tkxj.k, ih,pMh, jktLFkku foÜofo|ky; Paper Received On: 25 OCTOBER 2022 Peer Reviewed On: 31 OCTOBER 2022 Published On: 01 NOVEMBER 2022

Keyword: History of Journalism of Jharkhand

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

ifjp; >kj[kaM okys Hkw Hkkx esa vktknh ls igys ;kuh 1872 esa la;qä fcgkj ds oä nks if=dkvksa dk çdk'ku 'kq: gqvk FkkA buesa igyh lkIrkfgd if=dk Fkh fcgkj caèkqA blds lapkyd enu eksgu Hkê gqvk djrs FksA laiknd glu vyh gqvk djrs FksA blh le; jkaph ls teZu fe'kufj;ksa dh ,d if=dk 'kq: gqà ?kjcaèkqA ;g èkkÆed if=dk Fkh ftldk çdk'ku vc Hkh gks jgk gSA bl if=dk dk çdk'ku us 149 lky iwjs dj pqdh gSA 2022 esa blds 150 lky iwjs gksx a sA 1 orZeku esa bl if=dk ds eq[; laiknd thÃ,y ppZ ds fc'ki Mkax gSaA foÜo;q) ds oä NksVkukxiqj esa mFky&iqFky dh iwjh tkudkjh mu fnuksa if=dk nsus dk dke fd;k djrh FkhA blh rg fu"dyadk Hkh fe'kujh dh if=dk gS tks 1920 ls çdkf'kr gqÃA blds ckn laiknd jkejkt 'kekZ }kjk vij cktkj jkaph ls 1924 esa NksVkukxiqj if=dk çdkf'kr dh FkhA blh rjg 1932 esa jk; lkgc canhjke mjkao ds laiknu esa NksVkukxiqj mUur lekt dh if=dk vkfnoklh lekpkj i= fudysA 1937 uoacj esa cM+kÃd ÃÜojh çlkn Çlg ds laiknu esa xqeyk ls >kj[kaM uked if=dk dk çdk'ku 'kq: gqvkA bl if=dk us >kj[kaM vkanksyu esa viuh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkÃA NksVkukxiqj nwr] vkfnoklh] pkanuh vkfn if=dk,a fudyÈ vkSj can gqÃA 2 Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

M‚. panu dqekj

17764

(Pg. 17763-17766)

vktknh ds bl nkSj esa dà rjg fd ikcafn;ka FkhA ukjh f'k{kk dks mruk egRo ugÈ fn;k tkrk FkkA ckotwn lq'khyk ds ?kj dk ekgkSy dqN vyx FkkA ;gka csfV;ksa dks i<+kà dh iwjh vktknh FkhA bldk lq'khyk us tedj Qk;nk mBk;kA csVh dh i<+kà ds çfr c<+rs #>ku dks ns[k muds firk us o"kZ 1931 esa ç;kx efgyk fo|ky; i<+us ds fy, Hkst fn;kA mu fnuksa ç;kx egkfo|ky; dk dkQh uke FkkA ogka ls lq'khyk us 1932 dks fouksfnuh rFkk 1934 dks fonw"kh dh ijh{kk ikl dj yh FkhA og Hkkjr dh igyh vkfnoklh efgyk FkÈ ftUgsa fgUnh esa fonw"kh dk xkSjo çkIr gqvk FkkA ckn esa mudk tqM+ko ys[ku vkSj laiknu ls Hkh jgkA og vkfnoklh vkSj pkanuh tSlh if=dk ls Hkh tqM+È jgÈA mu fnuksa vkfnoklh if=dk dk çdk'ku jkaph ls gksrk FkkA pkanuh dk çdk'ku pkÃcklk esa gqvk djrk FkkA bu nksuksa gh if=dk esa vkfnoklh vkanksyu vkSj mudh vfHkO;fä ls tqM+s daVsaV gqvk djrk FkkA bl if=dk dk laiknd nsosaæukFk len gqvk djrs FksA ckn esa len th fcgkj ds ,e,ylh pqus x,A rc lq'khyk laiknd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus yxh FkÈA blh rjg èkuckn esa 1930 dks ghjsUæukFk pVtÊ mQZ ghjsu pVtÊ us ghjkiqj esa vkVZ çsl ¼Art pres½s dh LFkkiuk dh FkhA blh çsl ls çfrHkk uked igyh y?kq if=dk dh 'kq#vkr gqà FkhA 3 nkok fd;k tkrk gS fd ns'k vktknh ds igys 1922&23 esa >fj;k ds O;kikjh [ksM+k jke us vaxzsth 'kklu ds f[kykQ yksxksa esa tkx:drk ykus ds fy, >fj;k esy uked fgUnh v[kckj dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;g v[kckj vfu;fer FkkA 4 gkykafd ys[kd o bfrgkldkj lrh'k paæ jk; us èkuckn ds bfrgkl uked viuh iqLrd esa Li"V fd;k gS fd 1947 ls iwoZ èkuckn ls dksà Hkh fgUnh v[kckj çdkf'kr ugÈ gqvk FkkA djdsUn ds Jhys[kk flusek gky ds ekfyd panw ckcw mQZ lh- ds Bôj rFkk i=dkj lrh'kpaæ dh enn ls 1950 dh tqykà g¶rs esa ;qxkarj uked lkIrkfgd if=dk dh 'kq#vkr djkà FkhA çdk'ku dk usr`Ro eqdqVèkkjh Çlg dj jgs FksA >fj;k ds ÅnwZ 'kk;j eksguyky 'ksnk us laxe uked lkIrkfgd if=dk fudkyh FkhA vkfnoklh lekt Hkh vkfn dky ls dkQh le`) jgk gSA lkfgR; ds {ks= esa lq'khyk len dk uke cM+s vknj ds lkFk fy;k tkrk gSA o"kZ 1906 ds twu eghus esa if'peh ÇlgHkwe ds pØèkjiqj ykmtksM+k xkao esa tUeh lq'khyk ds firk eksgujke lkafMy vkSj ekrk ykyeuh lkafMy FksA 5 blds ckn ghjsu ckcw us viuk v[kckj Coalfield Times dk Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

M‚. panu dqekj

17765

(Pg. 17763-17766)

çdk'ku 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA bl v[kckj ds 'kq: gksus ds lkFk gh mu fnuksa fcgkj ds vfe; xqIrk] gsera rjQnkj] jkein pkSèkjh tSls tkusekus i=dkj tqM+rs pys x, FksA ekuHkwe ds dky esa èkuckn lfgr vU; bykdksa esa dà ckaXyk if=dk dh 'kq#vkr gqà FkhA buesa eeZoh.kk] dY;k.kokrkZ] gfjtu dY;k.k] laokn] iYyhlsod] riksou] eafnj] vxzxkeh] ekuHkwe vkSj ekyHkwfe tSlh if=dk Hkh 'kkfey gSA blh nkSj ds igyh gLrfyf[kr if=dk Fkh vadqjA mu fnuksa bl if=dk esa foey dj tqM+s gq, FksA blds iwoZ HkkstqMhg esa ferkyh rFkk vfHk;ku rFkk >fj;k ls bafxr dk çdk'ku gks pqdk FkkA blds ckn èkuckn ls çokg uked if=dk dh 'kq#vkr gqà FkhA ekuk tkrk gS fd bl if=dk dk dsoy lkr gh vad çdkf'kr gq, FksA mu fnuksa ;'kksnkthou Hkêkpk;Z rFkk iq.ksUæq eq[ktÊ bldk laiknu fd;k djrs FksA iq.ksUæq th is'ks ls f'k{kd FksA o"kZ 1971 dks LQqÇyx dh 'kq#vkr gq ÃA blds laikndh; Vhe esa Fks iq.ks±nw eq[ktÊ] xksyksd cutÊ] èkhjsUæukFk eq[ktÊ] lqèkhj cutÊ lfgr vU;A bl if=dk dk lQy çdk'ku 10 o"kZ rd fujarj gksrk jgkA blds ckn lh,Qvkjvkb ls dFkkdfy] cykdk o dFkuA èkuckn ds Hkkxk ls fn'kkjh fMxokMhg ls ofºz dk çdk'ku 'kq: gqvk FkkA Lora=rk ds ckn dh i=dkfjrk vftr jk; ds vuqlkj èkuckn bykds esa 1915&20 ds chp fgUnhHkkf"k;ksa dk vkxeu 'kq: gqvkA fo'ks"kdj dks;yk m|ksx ds jk"Vªh;dj.k ds ckn Hkkjh la[;k esa yksxksa dk vkxeu bl bykds esa gqvkA 1947 ds igys rd èkuckn egdes esa dksà Hkh fà~nh v[kckj ;k lkfgR; i= ugÈ FkkA mu fnuksa ckaXykHkk"kh dkaxzslh eq[ki= eqfä dkQh yksdfç; FkkA ;g i= iq#fy;k ls fudyk djrk FkkA dkaxzsl usrk jaxyky pkSèkjh us mu fnuksa czãnso Çlg 'kekZ dks blh rjg dk ,d fgUnh v[kckj fudkyus dh lykg nh FkhA blds ckn Ldsp çsl ds ekfyd lg vè;{k lfpu efYyd dh enn ls czãnso Çlg 'kekZ us 15 vxLr 1947 ls èkuckn esa igyk fgUnh lkIrkfgd lekpkj i= vkokt dk çdk'ku 'kq: djk;k FkkA 6 o"kZ 1970 ds var rd esa vuU;k ds uke ls nks if=dkvksa dk tUe lkFk&lkFk gqvkA 1970 ds n'kd esa igyh vU;;k dh 'kq#vkr M‚- nhid dqekj lsu ds usr`Ro esa gqà FkhA tcfd nwljh vU;;k 1979 esa lh,Qvkjvkb dkyksuh ls xzaFk ds ys[kd ds laiknu esa fudkyh FkhA 1980 ds n'kd esa fMxokMhg ls rqylh pØorÊ us ofºz] Hkkxk ls fl)kFkZ Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

M‚. panu dqekj

17766

(Pg. 17763-17766)

cutÊ ds laiknu esa ehM+] xtqvkVkaM+ ls lqcy nÙk dh if=dk fcVqfeul rFkk ghjkiqj dh ekulh ykfgM+h dh if=dk efgyk dk çdk'ku 'kq: gqvk FkkA blh n'kd ds var esa fgy dkyksuh ds panu ljdkj ds laiknu esa vÜoes?k ds çdk'ku us ,d vyx igpku cukÃA blds lkFk gh vÜoes?k tSlh if=dk ds lkFk lqcy nÙk] vfHkrkHk pØorÊ] nsok'kh"k pØorÊ tSls i=dkj tqM+rs pys x,A fu"d"kZ ns'k esa vktknh ls igys vkSj ckn esa NksVkukxiqj lfgr dks;ykapy esa ÇçV ehfM;k dk çHkko jgk gSA bl nkSjku dà lekpkj i= can gq, rks dà [kqys ysfdu bl nkSj esa i=dkfjrk iwjh rjg ls lfØ; jghA èkuckn lfgr iwjs bykds esa vaxzsth] fgUnh lfgr vU; LFkkuh; Hkk"kkvksa esa v[kckj fudyrs vkSj can gksrs jgsA dks;ys dh [kkst ds lkFk vkS|ksfxdj.k dk nkSj bl bykds esa 'kq: gqvkA bl dky esa ns'k fofHkUu fgLlksa ls vyx Hkk"kk Hkk"kh ;gka dkedkt dh ryk'k esa vkdj cls bu lc ds os'k Hkw"kk vkSj Hkk"kk ds laL— fr dks vkil esa tksM+us dk dke ;gka dh i=dkfjrk ds tfj;s 'kq: gqvkA lfØ; i=dkfjrk dh otg ls dà cM+s vkanksyu Hkh gq, muesa fcgkj ls >kj[kaM i`Fkd jkT; dk gksuk Hkh ,d gSA cnyko ds bl nkSj esa Hkh dks;ykapy lfgr >kj[kaM dh i=dkfjrk dkQh le`) gSA vkt Hkh yksx Hkzeekgd [kcjksa ls cpus ds fy, ÇçV ehfM;k dks lcls csgrj ekè;e ekurs gSaA vkt >kj[kaM esa fofHkUu Hkk"kk lekpkj i= vkSj if=dk,a Ni jgh gSA संदर्भ newswing-com@gharbandhu]

fcgkj >kj[kaM dh ,d ek= if=dk tks 1872 ls yxkrkj gks jgh gS

çdkf'kr www-jagran-com@jharkhand] May 2021

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>kj[kaM esa Ãlkà fe'kufj;ksa us dh Fkh i=dkfjrk dh 'kq#vkr] 30

vius nkSj dh vçfre jpukdkj] vkfnoklh lkIrkfgd if=dk] vxLr o"kZ 2021 èkuckn dk bfrgkl] i`"B la[;k 161 èkuckn dk bfrgkl] i`"B la[;k 162 èkuckn dk bfrgkl] i`"B la[;k 163

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