Cholesterol What it is
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What it is NOT
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What role it plays in the body Where does it come from Not LDL or HDL or Triglyceride Comparison of types of Lipoproteins
Lipid Panel: What is measured What can be done Naturally What Statin Drugs do
What are we afraid of?
Cholesterol: A fatty waxy
substance
http://medicalmyths.wordpress.com/atherosclerosis/
Polarized light
Between artery layers
What it is According
to Toshihide Kobayashi, Chief Scientist at the RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, “People think cholesterol is bad for health. But without cholesterol, we could not survive…”
What Cholesterol does in the body
Holds cell together Cell communication Fluidity of cell membrane Holds proteins in place Protects Nerve Fibers Vitamin D
Needed to make steroid hormones Testosterone Estrogen Needed to make bile
Forms our cells
http://www.rikenresearch.riken.jp/eng/frontline/5840
Kobayashi ď‚ž
“Because cholesterol is of paramount importance to the human body, there is no mechanism for its degradation. Hence, excess cholesterol must be discharged from the body mainly through the excretion of bile salts. The body has long evolved to acquire cholesterol, and it is only in the past few decades of people eating too much food that the intake of cholesterol has become excessive and a problem.�
Poor choices… Atherosclerosis Diabetes Heart Disease…..
The choice is up to you.... Sick, sluggish cells
Healthy, vibrant cells
Cholesterol
NOT LDL or HDL
Low Density ____________? High Density ____________?
LIPO = LIPID= FAT PROTEIN=PROTEIN LIPOPROTEINS −
Transport Cholesterol
Lipoprotein • The cholesterol is all the same It is just cholesterol • Like people in vehicles • People in small cars are “good”, but people in all the others are “bad”
• • • • • •
HDL LDL IDL VLDL Chylomicrons They all TRANSPORT Cholesterol
Kinds of Lipoproteins
Lipid Panel LDL HDL Total Cholesterol Triglycerides But why NOT
• • • • • • •
IDL VLDL
LDL “Bad” Small LDL
Causes atherosclerosis Stuck: oxidized/damag ed Inflammation Foam Cell/ Macrophage
Large buoyant LDL Don't get stuck in arteries Carry cholesterol to rebuild cells (damage, inflammation) If you don't have enough cholesterol, you can't reform healthy cells
HDL “good”
Helps reduce build-up of Small LDL High # lower levels of heart disease. Takes the Cholesterol back to the liver, so it can be used again….
Will Not make foam cell
Triglycerides • • •
Not cholesterol Contribute to atherosclerosis Excess Calories become Triglyceride – – – –
Amino Acids from Protein Sugar/ Carbohydrates Fat Alcohol
Is your body trying to kill itself?
Glucose is much more damaging Body wants contents to be the least damaging to cells (triglycerides) Why persons with high blood sugar almost always have high triglycerides.
Where Cholesterol comes from •
From animal products, not plants –
Fatty acids • •
Saturated fats Trans fats
Body makes it −
Nature wouldn't create a substance that ultimately destroy us
Franklin Institute
By modifying natural fats, we have altered the basic building blocks of the human brain – weakening the brain’s architecture. And, like unstable buildings that come apart in an earthquake or storm, poorly structured human brains are failing to cope with the mounting stress of modern life
http://www.fi.edu/learn/brain/fats.html
Modified Fats…
Hydrogenated Fats Partially of Fully Be careful of labels ○ Trans Fats Raise LDL and decreases HDL Affect cell membrane
What statin drugs do Lipitor, Mevacor, Zocor, Lescol, Pravachol, −Baycol taken off the market because people died.
"cholesterol-lowering" Inhibit pathways
Only one?
What changes could you make?? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
What can be done naturally
Eat Right −
Oatmeal
− − − −
Less processed the better
Whole grains Nuts, esp. almonds Olive Oil Vegetables
Not overcooked
Exercise Must raise heart rate to ideal level for _____ minutes. Sleep Lose body fat Quit Smoking
Supplements Omega 3 Fish oils Red Yeast Rice
what Statin drugs are made from!
No Flush Niacin Spices
Consult your Medical Doctor and/ or Pharmacist Before changing meds or doses ď‚ž Before taking herbs, supplements etc. ď‚ž Before you make changes in diet and exercise ď‚ž
Resources http://www.fi.edu/learn/brain/fats.html http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipopr oteins.html#uptake Role of Lipoproteins in Inflammation –Philip Barter, MD, PhD Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989;320:915-924.
Resources Cont.
http://iai.asm.org/cgi/content/full/73/12/7791 Membrane Cholesterol: a Crucial Molecule Affecting Interactions of Microbial Pathogens with Mammalian Cells –
P. Goluszko1* and B. Nowicki1,2
The Cholesterol Lie: What your Doctor doesn't know YOUTUBE.com American Heart Association Cholesterol and other lipids in your blood Tracy Fulton, PhD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oLXa4SfsVs
Thank you for attending ď‚ž
Remember to pick up your Certificate of Attendance
More importantly
Sugars White flour Starchy vegetables
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LDL readily enters the artery wall by crossing the endothelial membrane. Once in the arterial wall, if LDL accumulates, it is subject to a variety of modifications. The best known of these is oxidation, both of the lipids and of the apo B. LDL is also subject to aggregation, and its phospholipids are subject to hydrolysis by phospholipases to form lysophosphatidylcholine. Several other chemical modifications have also been reported. The net effect of these changes is
Life Span now declining! Accident victims Hearts for Transplant
http://medicalmyths.wordpress.com/atherosclerosis/
Dolichols (mevalonate inhibition) Neuropeptide dysfunction Thought, Sensory, Emotional Disturbance Decreased cell signaling
Mevalonate Glial Cell
Inhibit Co-Q10 Helps to make energy in cells Co-Q 10 helps decrease LDL oxidation!
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Cholesterol is transported in the plasma predominantly as cholesteryl esters associated with lipoproteins. Dietary cholesterol is transported from the small intestine to the liver within chylomicrons. Cholesterol synthesized by the liver, as well as any dietary cholesterol in the liver that exceeds hepatic needs, is transported in the serum within LDLs. The liver synthesizes VLDLs when the body is getting too much fatty acids. and these are converted to LDLs
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Modified LDL stimulate expression of MCP-1 in endothelial cells Role of Lipoproteins in Inflammation –Philip Barter, MD, PhD