GOLDEN by Drexel Architecture Program

SchoolHouse

An Educational-Residential Co-op and Community Center for Pennsport Architectural Thesis 2014-2015 By: David Golden Advisor: John Defazio Pennsport, located in south Philadelphia, lost its neighborhood elementary school in the 2013 round of Philadelphia school closings. As the building undergoes privatization, its role within the community changes. SchoolHouse seeks to provide a new model of education in Philadelphia, while allowing a privatized building to serve its neighborhood. The project introduces five different residential developments, phased to not displace current residents. Four of the five are market-rate and low-income units, whose children have reserved space in a new k-12 school, located in the adapted Abigail Vare School. The remaining space in the school is open to the neighborhood. The fifth residential development is reserved for senior citizens, who pay a reduced rate in exchange for volunteering their time at the new Pennsport community center, also located in the adapted Abigail Vare School. The new school and community center share resources with each other, and allow the building to serve the community throughout the year.

Site Pennsport is a predominantly residential neighborhood located in South Philadelphia that is notable for being home to the various Mummers groups. The Abigail Vare School sits prominently on Dickinson Square, the largest park in Pennsport. Pennsport Statistics: • 2010 Population: 11,200 • 70% white, 17% black, 8% Asian, 5% Latino • Median Household Income: $45,000 • Homeownership rate: 62% • Population below poverty level: 23.6% • 31.9% without a high school degree • Average age: 35 • Average Household size: 2.4 • About 2,200 k-12 students • Percentage of students K-12 enrolled in private schools: 53.4%

15 MINS

20 MINS

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WASHING K-8

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TASKER ST

Ave ing SNYDER

2nd ST

FRONT

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4th ST

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7th ST

9-12

PIER 70

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SB BU UM

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TASKER-MORRIS

IS S T

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8th ST

11th ST

MORR

12th ST

BROAD ST

Users

Program

The Private School and Public Community Center work together to serve Pennsport. The private school draws students from the master-planned houses and from the community. Retirees support the community center, which is open to all.

Abigail Vare Adaptive Reuse Grades 1-2 Homebase Grades 3-5 Homebase Grades 6-8 Homebase Grades 9-12 Homebase Lecture Halls Science Rooms (2) Informal Gathering Space Special Education Teacher Offices/Admin Nurses Office Library Gymnasium Blackbox Theater Art Rooms Music Room Greenhouse Kitchen Cafeteria Wood shop Screening Room Community Center Classroom Teen Room Senior Citizen Room Circulation/Back of House

Community Work at sA va ila b

in in a Rem

School

Sp ot

Sp ed ots In rv

Re se

le T o

Teachers

Community Center e Use O

Fre

Us eO

Family Housing

Volunteer

S or at f

Retiree Housing

ub s

Ancillary Program Preschool and Kindergarten 30 Senior Citizen One/Two Bedroom Apartments 122 Two Bedroom Units 26 Three Bedroom Units Retail

76590 SF 3,300 SF 3,850 SF 3,650 SF 3,400 SF 1,500 SF 1,500 SF 1,950 SF 700 SF 3,000 SF 375 SF 3,400 SF 7,400 SF 3,350 SF 1,675 SF 1,675 SF 2,275 SF 860 SF 760 SF 2,975 SF 850 SF 900 SF 1,500 SF 1,500 SF 18,330 SF

203,250 SF 9,700 SF 30,100 SF 119,650 SF 36,400 SF 7,400 SF

idiz ed Housing

Case Studies INTRINSIC CHARTER SCHOOL, Chicago, IL

POLARIS K-12 SCHOOL, Anchorage, AK

JUSTUS VAN EFFEN COMPLEX, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Unit Organization + Variety

Parti

Bi-Level, Elevated Street

Flat, Balcony Level

Flat, Garden Level

Research The Philadelphia School District: Budget Cuts, School Closings, and Under-performing Schools School District Layoffs, 2011-2014: 8,190 $2.43 Billion Budget Breakdown 18% debt

Financially Disadvantaged Students

During the 1970s, the school populations began to shift from overcrowded to underutilized with the first wave of school Two in three desks in closings in the early 1980s. district schools are Closed School Across Philadelphia 1998 to 2014 occupied

30% charter

87.3% (114,7368)

52% district

One in three students attend a charter School

Graduation Rates

Test Scores, District District School Special Admission Charter School to Charter School District School

57.5

91% 64%

75%

66.9

100 100

The latest national assessment found that just 14 percent of Philadelphia fourth-graders were proficient or better at reading, compared to 26 percent in other big cities and 34 percent nationally. — “Philadelphia’s School Crisis: A City On The Brink”

Abigail Vare Elementary School

When a School Closes, its Role within the Community Changes Public > Private Inclusive > Limited

Asset > Element

Participant > Memory

“When a neighborhood loses its schools, it also loses an institution that builds relationships among local residents and binds generations, while it serves local children.”

— Elaine Simon, co-director of the Urban Studies Program at the University of Pennsylvania

Impact on Philadelphia [33%] of Philadelphians live within a half mile of a closed school. Of the top 40 public and private high schools in the Philadelphia area, only 7 are in the city.

Would Philadelphia Millennials Recommend the City as a Place to Raise Children?

7% Depends

1% Don’t Know/ Refused

36% Yes 56% No

LOW INCOME FAMILIES

PUBLIC/ CHARTER

PRIVATE

How Likely Are You to Be Living in Philadelphia 5-10 Years From Now?

MIDDLE INCOME FAMILIES

PUBLIC/ CHARTER

PRIVATE

21% Definitely Will Not

UPPER INCOME FAMILIES

PUBLIC/ CHARTER

— Ben Novak, 29

PUBLIC/ CHARTER

PRIVATE

29% Probably CITY LIVING

19% Definitely Will

“I intend to stay, but the education system is bad enough that when people I know say they have to move because of the schools, there’s no negative judgment from me about that. Nobody I know sees a future in having school-age kids in Philadelphia.”

SUBURBAN LIVING

Will Not

31% Probably Will

Fall Review Residential Sectional Concept

Tri-Level Three Bedroom

Bi-Level Two Bedroom

Two Bedroom Flat

St re e

G ar de

St re e

Two Bedroom Flat

Parking

Residential Units

Retiree Housing

UP DN

One Bed

One+ Bed

One Bed

Two Bed

Bi-Level Two Bedroom

Typical Floorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Daycare

Two Bedroom Flat Retiree Housing

Site Masterplan

Ground Floor

Adaptive Reuse Concept

School Exterior

School Atrium

Ground Floor

Third Floor

Lower Level

Second Floor

School Exterior

Technical Review Ground Floor Demo

Second, Third Floor Demo

DEMO EXG COAL STORAGE

1 Demo Level 3 1/16" = 1'-0"

REPLACE STAIRS WITH CODE-COMPLIANT STAIRS, TO MATCH NEW FLOOR HEIGT

DEMO 9'-0" AFF OPENING TO RECEIVE TIMBER HEADER

DEMO REAR WALL AND REPLACE WITH WOOD TRUSS DEMO EXG COLUMN TO FIRST FLOOR

ATE GROUND NEW BELOWADE ENTRYS

DN UP DN

DEMO EXG RAISED PLAYGROUND, STAIRS, AND STONE WALLS

O ENTRANCE FLOOR, AND URROUNDING WALLS

DEMO EXG EGRESS STAIRS AND ENCLOSURE

Demo Level -1 1/16" = 1'-0"

HEATING: Retrofitted Existing Floors w/ In-Floor Board Radiant Heating New Concrete Slab w/ Radiant Tubing

DEMO ALL NONLOAD BEARING WALLS IN ADDITION

Demo Level 2 1/16" = 1'-0"

REPLACE ALL WINDOWS

DEMO EXG STAIRS

COOLING & VENTILATION: Displacement Ventilation UP UP

UP DN

MEP Axon 10

Gynasium Wall Section

Exploded Axon

4 leveL "0 - '84

FOOR LATEM ENARBMEM EVISEHDA-FLES BSO NOITALUSNI DIGIR "6 GNIHTAEHS DOOWYLP GNICAPS "42 @ "6X"2 YTIVAC RETFAR NI NOITALUSNI ESOLULLEC

5.3 leveL "0 - '14

D LAIRETAM HSINIF MAEB MALULG "42 X "21 ETALP NOITCENNOC LATEM

3 leveL "0 - '43

"0 - '3 "0 - '3

5.2 leveL "0 - '72 "0 - '3 FOOR LATEM ENARBMEM EVISEHDA-FLES BSO NOITALUSNI DIGIR "6 "0 - '3

GNIHTAEHS DOOWYLP GNICAPS "42 @ "6X"2 YTIVAC RETFAR NI NOITALUSNI ESOLULLEC

"0 - '3

2 leveL "0 - '02

"0 - '3

LAIRETAM HSINIF MAEB MALULG "42 X "21

"0 - '3

5.1 leveL "0 - '31

GNIDAHS DETARGETNI HTIW LLAW NIATRUC

"2/1 2 - '3 "8/3 1 - '21

"2/1 9 - '7

1 leveL "0 - '6

ROTCENNOC LEETS SSELNIATS 81R LEGOREA 速ARIMUL + 速ARELOS NAMDAED ETERCNOC NMULOC REBMIT ERAUQS "61

LLAW GNINIATER ETERCNOC "21

dnuorG 0 leveL "2 - '0

GNIDDAP LLAW MYG NMULOC ETERCNOC ERAUQS "42 LLAW NOITADNUOF ETERCNOC "61

"9 - '01

GNIDDAP LLAW MYG

1- leveL "0 - '4ROOLF ELPAM ROOLFBUS DOOWYLP REPEELS "3 X "2 DAP MAOF "8/3 REIRRAB ROPAV ENELYHTEYLOP .C.O "0-'1 DECAPS ,GNIBUT GNITAEH ROOLF TNAIDAR EDARG NO BALS ETERCNOC "6 NOITALUSNI DIGIR "6

1.1- leveL "7 - '8-

LEVARG ESOOL

xoBkcalB- leveL "8 - '21-

Final Review

Existing

Demolition

Existing after Demolition

New Construction

ADAPTIVE REUSE STRATEGY 12

PARTI

Most Flexible

Least Flexible

Circulation

FLEXIBILITY

STRUCTURE

GROUND LEVEL 13

Final Review

DN DN DN UP

UP UP DN

FOURTH FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR

UP UP

DN UP

THIRD FLOOR 14

LOWER LEVEL

Final Review