MARGUERITE HOLLANDER AGROPOLIS | CULTIVATING A SHARED VISION IN THESSALONIKI, GREECE THESIS ADVISOR: JOHN DEFAZIO
Knitting a fragmented city together through a renewed sense of place and purpose allows for organic community growth. Architecture has the ability to break down invisible boundaries through the paradigm of shared identity.
THESIS STATEMENT
EDUCATE
WORSHIP
WORK
DWELL
SHOP
COWORK INCUBATE
COMMERCIAL ENGINE
MULTICULTURAL COMMUNITY
MULTICULTURAL COMMUNITY GATHER
NEIGHBORHOOD OF STREET TYPOLOGIES
MASTERPLAN PROGRAMMING IDEA 1
LACHANOKIPI BROWNFIELD SITE
THERMAIC GULF
COMMERCIAL ZONE (SCATTERED VACANCY)
THESSALONIKI
AMPELOKIPI-MENEMI BOROUGH
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL ZONE (99 VACANT BUILDINGS)
N
PLACE [as a natural nexus] YOUNG GREEKS
URBAN CONTEXT ABANDONED BROWNFIELD SITE
REFUGEES
PEOPLE V
[in flux]
V VV V V
V
V ACTIVITY / INACTIVITY AROUND THE PORT
SITE VISIT 2
= VACANT BUILDING
ARCHITECTURE [placeless]
GROWING POPULATION
PRIMARY ISSUE
NEGATIVE WORK CULTURE
SUB-ISSUE
HUMAN ACTOR NON-HUMAN ACTOR
ECONOMIC PRESSURE
LIMITED RESOURCES NATIONAL DEBT OUT-MIGRATION OF YOUTH WORKFORCE IMMIGRATION OF REFUGEES
RACISM
Can a changing workforce offset the debt crisis?
SOCIAL PRESSURE STASIS OF CULTURAL IDENTITY
LACK OF SOCIAL SERVICES
DEMOGRAPHICS
CORRUPTION / FALSE PROMISES
LACK OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
400k 350k
POPULATION OF THESSALONIKI
385,406
LACK OF EU SUPPORT
324,755 PEOPLE
300k PEOPLE 250k 200k
IMBALANCED PRECIPITATION DEMANDS
150k
FUEL/PLASTIC-CENTRIC INDUSTRY
50k ‘01
‘02
‘03 ‘04
‘05
‘06 ‘07
‘08
‘09 ‘10 ‘11 AIR POLLUTION
50
AVERAGE AGE IN GREECE
43.9 YEARS
ENVIRONMENT
40 30
PROXIMITY TO THERMAIC GULF
38.5 YEARS
20
LACK OF EU SUPPORT
10 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 25%
21%
20%
UNEMPLOYMENT IN GREECE (%)
15%
How can Thessaloniki respond to the challenges it is facing?
DIFFERENT CULTURAL VALUES
8.8%
LACK OF JOBS
10%
5%
HISTORY OF FORCED MIGRATION
‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16
SUMMARY OF RESEARCH 3
GEOGRAPHY
REFUGEE CRISIS
PESSIMISM AND STASIS
AGE DEMOGRAPHICS
NATIONALISM
vs.
THESSALONIKI LOOKS OUT
CITY COMPARISONS
4
ATHENS LOOKS IN
1 MAPPING G THE TOPIC O C
2 OBSERVING THE CITY 5
BEAUX ARTS PLAN
THESSALONIKI TODAY
by Ernest Hebrar
3 ANALYZING THE ISSUES AT MULTIPLE SCALES This site has the opportunity to be a key player in the response to the city’s Resilient Thessaloniki Strategy, released in July, 2017. It could successfully:
- Reconnect citizens to the waterfront - Demonstrate aspects of an integrated city - Encourage a healthy economy
4 STUDYING EXISTING PROPOSALS 6
SMALL GROUP REVIEW
OIL REFINERY PLANTS ESTUARY S U FROM O AEGEAN G SSEA
DOWNTOWN THESSALONIKI DOW
1 Ýŗ^ȕǢǻ NJɳ Ǣ ƻŷ ĵ ĵ ȕǻ ŗǻ
SITE ISSUES
2 ƻ ŷNJ ǻ Ǣ D NJNJÝr NJ
1
2
SITE OPPORTUNITIES
1
^r ə r ĵ ŷƻ N ŷ ōōr NJN Ý ĵ ËȕD ǻŷ N NJ r ǻ r ğ ŷD ŷƻ ƻ ŷNJ ǻ ȕŗÝǻ Ýr Ǣ
2
r Ǣǻ D ĵ ÝǢ Ë ŷ ȕǻ^ŷ ŷ NJ ƻȕD ĵ ÝN Ǣ ƻ N r ǻŷ r ŗNŷȕNJ µr ƻ r ŷƻ ĵ r Ǣ Nŷŗŗr N ǻ Ýŷŗ ǻŷ ǻ Ër ÝNJ r ŗə ÝNJ ŷŗōr ŗǻ
3
^r Ǣ ݵŗ Ǣǻ NJ r r ǻ ǻ ɳ ƻ ŷĵ ŷµÝr Ǣ ® ŷNJ ŗ Ýŗǻr µNJ ǻr ^ ŗr ݵËD ŷ NJËŷ ŷ ^ D Ǣ r ^ ŷŗ Nŷŗŗr N ǻ Ýə r ® NJ ōr ɟ ŷNJ ħ
(INITIAL ZONING PLAN) 3 2
1
7
SMALL GROUP REVIEW
INITIAL CLIMATE ANALYSIS Thessaloniki’s climate is sub-humid Mediterranean, with humid winters and dry summers. This poses challenges as there is more need for water in the summer months for agriculture as well as an increased tourist population. Researchers are currently analyzing the potential of reusing wastewater for agriculture, including crop, forestry and landscape irrigation, to accommodate the difficult natural conditions.
THESSALONIKI HAS COLD WINTERS AND DRY/WARM SUMMERS.
ANNUAL TEMPERATURES OF THESSALONIKI
ANNUAL TEMPERATURES OF THESSALONIKI THE SITE IS ON THE LOW END OF THE CITY’S NATURALLY SLOPING GRADE.
LOWEST PRECIPITATION LEVELS ARE DURING PEAK AGRICULTURAL AND TOURISM SEASON.
ANNUAL AVERAGE PRECIPITATION
8
TOPOGRAPHY OF THESSALONIKI
COMMUNITY
SMALL GROUP REVIEW
PROGRAM AT SMALL GROUP REVIEW Agropolis - Updated District Program User:
COMMUNITY
Program
QTY
Multi-family housing Studio / 1 bdr apartments Daycare Pre-K
SF
Agropolis - Updated District Program RESIDENTIAL TOTAL SF
2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 6 5
15000 35,000 10,000 70,000 2500 3000 25,000 1000 300 200
30000 35000 30000 70000 2500 3000 25000 1000 1800 1000
200 300 6 6
1200 500 600 400
240000 150000 3600 2400
Park - Buffer Zone Greenway Pocket Parks Waterfront Park Community Library Tool Library Market Playground Arts Galleries Test Kitchen
RESIDENTIAL
S
User:
EDUCATION
COMMUNITY WORK
Program
QTY
Adult job training Adult services Tutoring center School Co-working Business incubator spaces Cafeteria Training center Offices
SF
S
TOTAL SF
4 2 2 1
6000 800 2000 6000
24000 1600 4000 6000
ϯϱϲϬϬ
7 6 4 4 14
2000 20,000 5000 2000 50000
14000 120000 20000 8000 700000
ϴϲϮϬϬϬ
ϭϵϵϯϬϬ ϲϵϮϭϬϬ RESIDENTIAL
total masterplan sf
ϯϵϲϬϬϬ
EDUCATION
EDUCATION
PRECEDENTS STREET TYPOLO PRECEDENTS: O GY COMPARISONS LOCATION WORK
EARLY STREETS
MODERN STREETS LOCATION
Thessaloniki, Greece
Thessaloniki, Greece CENTERED ON RELIGION
Damascus, Syria
USER GROUP WORK
Greeks, Romans Ottomans, Jews
Algiers, Algeria
TAVERNA
COURTYARD HOUSES
Arabs - Muslim
SOUK
SHOPS
COURTYARD HOUSES
Arabs/Berbers-- Muslim
KASBAH
SHOPS
COURTYARD HOUSES
INTROVERTED, ORGANIC PLAN
Algeria ORGANIC TOWNSHIPS
MARKET/ BAZAAR
DEFINED BY APARTMENT BLOCKS
Syria ORGANIZED HIERARCY
ARCHITECTURAL TYPOLOGY
INTROVERTED PLAN WITH AXIAL RELATIONSHIPS
9
Research | Built Environments
SYSTEMS AND SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIES ROOVES AT MIXED USE RESIDENTIAL/OFFICE BUILDINGS
AT LIGHT INDUSTRIAL/HEAVY INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
White membrane reduces cooling load, mitigates the urban heat island effect
Solar panels can help harness naturally sourced energy to reduce reliance on limited fuels.
BALCONIES AT MIXED USE RESIDENTIAL/OFFICE BUILDINGS
Are natural bris soleil shading devices on the South side of buildings.
STORMWATER COLLECTION AT ROOVES/BALCONIES
Water is collected and gravity-fed into the underground cisterns under major courtyards
10
TECHNICAL REVIEW
CONTINUING A DIAGONAL AXIS THAT PASSES AN EXISTING CIVIC AMENITY REINFORCES THE CONNECTION OF THE NEW DISTRICT TO THE REST OF THESSALONIKI
3 20 .
NW WIND
1 . 20
BEAUX ARTS PLAN B
ORIENT STREETS, BUILDINGS, COURTYARDS AND FACADE ELEMENTS TO ENABLE CROSS VENTILATION
AEG
EAN
SEA
2
PLANNING FOR THE ENVIRONMENT 11
THROUGH STREETS THAT DIRECT THEMSELVES TOWARDS THE WATER, AND BUILDINGS THAT STEP DOWN BETWEEN THE INLAND INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE WATERFRONT
TECHNICAL REVIEW
DENDROPOTAMOS ESTUARY AND FLOOD ZONE
PARK
WATERSHED BOUNDARY
EARTHQUAKE LOADING COMPARISON
FAULT LINE
THESSALONIKI
142.1 (%G)
SACRAMENTO
48 (%G)
PHILADELPHIA
28 (%G)
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 12
FINAL REVIEW
>
YOUNG GREEKS
REFUGEE FAMILIES
>
LOCAL GREEKS EXISTING CONDITIONS
REMEDIATE THE LAND
MASTERPLAN
PHASING PLAN
PROGRAMMING [design for the varied users’ varied needs]
PUBLIC SPACE
ORIENTATION
[collective greenways]
[connection with waterfront through wind, sun, views]
MASTERPLANNING PRINCIPLES
R A IL YA R D S
VACANT / INDUSTRIAL
DOWNTOWN DISTRICT
PORT
13
C W OM AT M ER ER FR CI O AL N T
MASTERPLAN DEVELOPMENT
FINAL REVIEW
MASTERPLAN PARTI | CELEBRATING FRAGMENTS
14
15 MINUTE WALKING RADIUS [.25mi]
EXISTING RAILYARD
MANAGEMENT
READING ROOM STUDIO ST O APTS A S
TOOL LIBRARY
STUDIO APTS
MIXED-USE RESIDENTIAL
PRAYER ROOM
MIXED-USE RESIDENTIAL LIVE WORK
MIX ED WOR -USE KPL ACE
LI INDU GHT STR IAL
LIVE WORK
FER
PAR K
MUNICIPAL COURT BUILDING
MIXED-USE WORKPLACE
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL
BUF
FLEXIBLE MARKET
MEZZANINE (RESIDENTIAL TYPOLOGY) SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
FIXED MARKET
CULTURAL CENTER
MIX COM ED-USE MER CIAL
MANAGEMENT MODULAR SHOP S AND RENTABLE SPACES
MANAGEMENT
LIVE/WORK SHOPS
AEGEAN SEA
PORT OF THESSALONIKI
PATTERNS TELL THE STORY OF TIME AND LIFE. AS ILLUSTRATED IN THE GRAMMAR OF ORNAMENT BY OWEN JONES, BOTH GREEK AND ARABIC CULTURES UTILIZED DECORATIVE, NON REPRESENTATIONAL PATTERNS.
GROUND FLOOR (RESIDENTIAL TYPOLOGY) SCALE: 1/32” = 1’-0”
N SCALE: 1” = 100’-0”
SITE PLAN 15
PRECEDENT
MARKETPLACE 16
ENTRY TO COURTYARD
17
N/S SECTION, CONNECTION TO THE CITY
18
N/S SECTION, CONNECTION TO THE WATER
19
Special thanks to: my my my my my
family, including Mom, Dad, Michael and Daphne friends, including Marie, Liz, Serena and Jen Greek family, including Eleni at the Embassy and Dimitra in Athens MGA family, including Sara, Chris and Matt mentors and teachers over the last 6 years!!!
MARGUERITE HOLLANDER AGROPOLIS | CULTIVATING A SHARED VISION IN THESSALONIKI, GREECE THESIS ADVISOR: JOHN DEFAZIO 20