Marie Ruisard thaw. A new voice for a dying language Thesis Advisor: Don Jones
2,000
5% 8,000
1Kautokeino, Norway
18% 20,000 40%
45%
15%
60%
18%
Total: 3000
70,000 Total: 18,000
Total: 45,000 Northern Sámi
Ar
Lule Sámi Total: 100,000 Norway
Finland
Sweden
Russia
Sámi Individuals by Country
Southern Sámi Other Dialects
Sámi Language Grasp, by Primary Dialects
Sámi as 1st or 2nd Language
Sámi Spoken Regularly Outside of the Home
cti cC
ir c
le
Jokkmokk, Sweden
By Scandinavian state law, “a ‘Sámi’ is a person who identifies himself or herself as a Sámi and who is either a native Sámi-speaker or has at least one parent or grandparent who learnt Sámi as a first language.”
Language Attrition
Extinction Level
600,000
Students in Norwegian Education System (grades 1-9)
10,000 2,500
Students of Sámi Descent
Students with Sámi as 1st or 2nd Language
940 Biased Education System
Students Receiving Instruction in Sámi Language
1,000
Students
Sámi Territory and Dialect Fragmentation
research Background & Site
ok / Karasj To Alta
6
3
∆26m ∆85’ 1 2 4
7
5
To Sweden
State Infrastructure
Nomadic Infrastructure Major Road Sámi Cultural Institution Site
Site Topography
Footpaths 362m
Elevation ∆62m ∆203’
0 325’ 750’
300m
1500’
Thesis Question: How can architecture perpetuate the efforts of indigenous people to achieve and maintain the right of self-determination? Conventional Library
• One-directional movement of information. • Documents are provided by an institution. Conventional Museum
• Top-down movement of information. • Separation of guests and artifacts. • Artifacts and information are prescribed by an institution.
Reciprocal Library
• Cyclical, multi-directional movement of information. • Documents are provided by the visitors. Reciprocal Museum
• Bottom-up information. • Collective contribution with personal meaning. • Many voices organized/curated by the institution.
The library’s collection is an ever-evolving record of Sámi stories and songs, available for streaming playback or listening in real-time as new stories are recorded. Any Sámi visitor can make their own contribution to the library in recording rooms.
Support: 37% Media: 15% Public: 23% Library: 25%
Final Design Area 76,394 SF
research Program & Precedents
Radio Production : 2024 SF TV Production : 1851 SF
Total Area: 76,400 GSF
Journalism : 2932 SF Reception : 2400 SF Performance Space : 4250 SF
Support : 28315 SF
Event Space : 4875 SF
Media Center: 9,200 SF (15%)
Education : 3110 SF
Public Use: 15,800 SF (23%)
Cafeteria : 3534 SF Recording : 1706 SF
Collection : 9803 SF
Sรกmi Parliament of Norway
Library: 18,300 SF (25%)
Entry : 5276 SF
Support: 28,315 SF (37%)
Administration : 1068 SF
Aanischaaukamikw Cree Cultural Center
Naturum Laponia
Example of Library Function
Traditional Storytelling Arrangements
Site Terrain Study Model
process Fall Term
Library Media Center Public Use Lobby
Atrium
Event Space
Radio Production Gallery Space
Print Media
Radio Production
0 32’
64’
128’
CIRC.
MAIN GALLERY COLLECTIONS EDUCATION, CAFE ARCHIVE / STORAGE
0 16’
32’
64’
process Fall Term
Mid-Review Profile
Final Profile
Geo-exchange System •Utilizes greywater to supply in-floor radiant system (heating and cooling) and heat air for ventilation Performance Data •Single vertical borehole (+/- 200m) •Water-to-air system
Ventilation Stack •AHU dedicated basement room (740 SF) •Monolithic stack supplies fresh air throughout third floor mechanical level Performance Data •Fresh air: +/- 60,000 CFM •150-ton AHU
technical Building Systems & Sustainability
Arctic Climate •Dense, wet snow (high SWE) •10’-15’ annual snowfall •Cold temps = slow melting process Snowmelt Greywater Supply
Glu-lam structure Timber beams and columns DLT ceilings Raised access panel floor
Geo-exchange heat pump Hydronic radiant heating/cooling Cold roof construction Insulation Solar management
Site Circulation a Vernacul
res ctu r stru
Respect for the l an d
Stormwater management Heat-traced pavement Subterranean access road Wind screen Site circulation
n me ire qu l re a c i n Tech y sibilit Egress & acces
Sustainability
Program
ts
Culture
s on it i
Thermal
Sub-freezin g tem p er Strong Sou atu th w re ind s s Extreme sunl igh tc on d
Site
Climate
High snow loads
Structure
21,500 SF roof x 10’ snow = 215,000 CF snow x 0.2 (SWE coefficient) = 43,000 CF meltwater = 321,700 gal/yr
Aiming for PassivHaus standards Snowmelt greywater system Daylight harvesting Pre-fab construction.
Building Water Demand 58,000 SF building ; +/- 600 max occupants x 10 gal/person/day = 6000 gal/day 2,000,000 gal/yr 321,700 gal / 2,000,000 gal = 16%
Traditional Sรกmi Goahti
Tamedia Office Building, Shigeru Ban
technical
Scale Structural Detail Model
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
A.2
B.2
C.2
Structure
Fir / Birch Saplings
soil stabilization
Wild Lichens
native groundcover
Larch
site access points
Mountain Ash
cultural significance
Yellow Pine
wind break
Direct Southerly wind of +/30mph, 70% of the year. The building is oriented at an oblique angle to the primary wind to reduce external pressures.
Site Plan
final Exterior Design
Exterior Elevation SE
Internal/External Circulation
final Exterior Design
Traditional Sรกmi Goahti
DN
DN DN DN UP
Fourth Floor Plan
Section at Gallery UP
DN
DN UP
Library Media Center
DN UP
DN UP
DN
UP
Public Use Support
Second Floor Plan
final
Visitor Experience & Construction
Spruce Wood CLT
interior wall finish
Low-E Insulated Glazing
12” thick CLT Wall Panel
Larch wood DLT
finish ceiling
3” Rigid Insulation
DLT Floor Structure
Wood framing 1” Insulated Sheathing
Larch wood DLT
acoustic profile
Hardwood cladding
Envelope Assembly Solid CLT Panels •Abundance of spruce wood in Sweden and Norway •Prefabricated, modular Performance Data •Thermal Conductivity: 0.12 W/(m*K) ; compliant w/ PassivHaus standards •Heat Capacity: 1600 J/(kg*K) •Airtight when sealed properly •High fire resistance and durability •Minimal thermal bridging
Wall Section
Passiv Cabin, Helen & Hard
acknowledgements Personal Reflection
Refining this project over the course of my thesis year has been both a trial and a delight, and perhaps the most rewarding opportunity I have ever been given throughout my education. Help and advice was offered by so many of my mentors, peers, and friends, and I am certain I could not have performed as well without their confidence in me. Special thanks to: my advisor; Don Jones, for nudging me in the right direction my family; Mom, Dad, Kiersten, Rachel, George and Anders, for being there every step of the way my closest friends; Marguerite and Michele, for keeping me grounded my Sรกmi hosts; Miriam, Tim, Esaia and Jona, for welcoming me into their home my friend and mentor Josh Lessard, for encouraging me to challenge myself and Billy, for keeping me sane and always knowing how to cheer me up.
Marie Ruisard thaw. A new voice for a dying language Thesis Advisor: Don Jones