Revitalization of RED river in Hanoi

CONTENT INTRODUCTION

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

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METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS

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AREAS IN FOCUS

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URBAN DESIGN STRATEGY

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Hanoi The Red River Urban specific areas Delighted sites along the riversides Reading Hanoi urban planning map 2030

Proposal for the green belt Proposal for the secondary dyke Design for the dykescape

SITE INTRODUCTION

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SITE ANALYSIS

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Func on Morphology Traffic Sec on Problem

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ANALYSIS OF OLD MARKET Popula on and traffic Situa on Conclusion

CONCEPT OF NEW MARKET Shopping behavior Introduc on of Tube house Space composi on Mass and void New model of market Consump on and supply Step to masterplan

ARCHITECTURE DEGISN Masterplan 1:2000 Sec on 1:2000 Groundfloor 1:500 Sec on 1:500 Types of space 1:500 Plan 1:200 Rendering

REFERENCE

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INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION Hanoi Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam and the country’s second largest city. Its popula on in 2009 was es mated at 2.6 million for urban districts, 6.5 million for the metropolitan jurisdic on.

From 1010 un l 1802, it was the most important poli cal center of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Hue, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyen Dynasty, but Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of reunified Vietnam in 1976, a er the North’s victory in the Vietnam War. The city lies on the both side of Red River bank, but mostly on the right side.

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INTRODUCTION

The Red River The Red River is the river that flows from Yunnan in southwest China through northern Vietnam. In the 19th century, the Red River was thought to be a lucra ve trade route to China. The late 19th century French explorers were able to travel up the Red River un l China. It was the forced opening of the Red River to European commerce that prompted the wars between France and the Vietnamese court, culmina ng in the conquest of Vietnam.

Red river used to be the “backbone” of Hanoi which was the most cri cal landscape axis integra ng with specific areas in the city. It is not only remarked by many historical relics and tradi onal handicra villages along but also a ached to thousands of riparians’s daily lives. It plays important role in Hanoi’s ecology, history, economy and social. However, under the influences of urbaniza on and development as well as natural disaster, Red river is gradually detached from urban system.

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INTRODUCTION

Urban specific areas

1. Hanoi Old Quarter Inside the modern and dynamic city, Old Quarter represented the eternal soul of Hanoi and it is the amazing place for both tourist and Hanoians to explore. Located between the Sword Lake, the Long Bien Bridge, a former city rampart, and a citadel wall, the Old Quarter (consis ng of 36 old streets inside) started as a snake and alligator-infested swamp. It later evolved into a cluster of villages made up of houses on s lts, and was unified by Chinese administrators who built ramparts around their headquarters. Hanoi’s Old Quarter has a nearly 1,000-year old history and became crowded and lively in 15th century. What makes them unique is that many of them remain in their very ancient architecture of the 15th century. Up to now, it has been the oldest con nuously developed area of Vietnam.

2. French Quater Hanoi’s French Quarter lies to the southeast of Hoan Kiem lake. In the late 19th century, when the French occupied Hanoi, they demolished many of the old Vietnamese buildings and replaced them with imposing French-style villas. As well as the architecture the area is characterized by wide tree-lined streets which, while s ll busy with traffic, are far easier to navigate than the narrow alleyways of Old Quarter. There are many important offices and headquarters loca ng here.

3. Thang Long palace The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is the cultural complex comprising the royal enclosure first built during the Lý Dynasty and subsequently expanded by the Trần, Lê and finally the Nguyễn

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INTRODUCTION

Dynasty. The ruins roughly coincide with the Hanoi Citadel today. The royal palaces and most of the structures in Thang Long were in varying states of disrepair by the late 19th century with the upheaval of the French conquest of Hanoi. By the 20th century many of the remaining structures were torn down. Only in the 21st century are the ruin founda ons of Thang Long Imperial City systema cally excavated.

4. Co Loa palace Cổ Loa Citadel is a citadel built about 20 km to the North of today’s Hanoi, during the end of the Hồng Bàng Dynasty (about 257 BCE). The fortress is a spiral-shaped complex of the then new capital. The site has been the source of various relics of the Dong Son culture of the Bronze Age. However, this relic is underused and does not a ract much tourists’ a en on.

5. West lake West Lake is a freshwater lake in the center of Hanoi. With a shore length of 17km, this is the largest lake of the capital and a popular place for recrea on with many gardens, parks, hotels and villas. It is also border with many significant places in history of Hanoi and Vietnam such as Tran Quoc Pagoda, the oldest pagoda in Vietnam and Chu Van An high school, the oldest high school in Vietnam. West lake is considered as the “green lung” of Hanoi.

6. Luxury villas The real estate price areas near West Lake is staggering and surrounding quarters are o en full imposingly large edifices occupied by rich Vietnamese people and ex-pats.

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INTRODUCTION

7. Flower tradi onal villages (Nhat Tan) Nhat Tan village on the edge of Hanoi’s West Lake is blooming with a variety of flowers, especially peach blossom in New Year holidays. It is an interes ng place a rac ng many tourists and locals to enjoy the colorful flowers and taking photos.

8.Outside the Main Bund There are around 160.000 residents living outside the Main Bund without illegal permission or unclear iden fica on. Their lives are threatened by natural disaster such as flood and landslide. These residences are planned to be on-site rese led to reduce the popula on density and ensure safety.

9. Warp The alluvial patches along the riverside which appear in dry season and some of their parts are flooded in rain season. Many locals are a racted to going there for spontaneous recrea onal ac vi es. Especially in summer, it is well known by “nude beach� regardless of the danger of quicksand.

10. New developments These areas are planned to build new ecological urban development for the middle class and above. They are the combina on of residences, parks, commercial centers and administraonal centers which will play important role in urban system in the future.

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The sceneries along both side of Red river that is detached from the images of the bustling city

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INTRODUCTION

Delighted sites along the riversides Long Bien bridge: The historical iconic landmark connects two parts of the city was built in 1899-1902 by French. The bridge plays an important role in spiritual life of Hanoians.

It is the most favorable place to enjoy complete sunrise and sunset.

Tourism harbor: The harbor is used for Red River Tour which visit all tradi onal villages, historical relics and religious sites along the river.

Hoan Kiem lake: The lake is one of the major scenic spots in the city and serves as a focal point for its public life.

Ba Dinh square: The main square of Hanoi. It locates in front of Ho Chi Minh tomb and surrounded by most important poli cal buildings such as President’s palace, Na onal Assembly and Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Wholesale wet market: The frenzied market works in the early morning under Long Bien bridge from around 2AM to 5AM. However, at the day me, when market stops operating, it leaves behind a “death zone”.

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INTRODUCTION

Tran Quoc pagoda: One of the oldest pagoda in Vietnam which is always crowded by both locals and tourist, especially in Lunar New Year.

Lotus lake: A delighted natural lotus lakes located among luxury villas near West Lake. This is the preferred place for young people to make a date.

Water park: The only water park in the South and the most a rac ve entertainment places in Hanoi, especially in summer.

Hanoi Intercon nental 7-star hotel: The most luxury hotel in Hanoi.

Mosaic ceramic wall: The longest mosaic pictures in the world which was encrusted on the Main Bund to celebrate 1000 Hanoi anniversary.

Flower markets: The early wholesale flower market works from 4Am to 6AM which locates near Nhat Tan tradi onal flower village.

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INTRODUCTION

Reading Hanoi urban planning map 2030

According to Hanoi urban planning map 2030, we chose some elements to be our premises to develop our project which are: - Agriculture will be the main func on of landscape riverside.

- Crea ng secondary dyke to protect current residences and develop safety green spaces for public uses.

- Building two new bridges across the river to other side; separating the railway from Long Bien bridge by crea ng another railway bridge parallel with the old one; preserving Long Bien bridge as a main pedestrian route and historical monument.

- The area which is bordered by the Main Bund, the river, the Long Bien bridge and the new railway is planned for public func on.

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

Hanoi is a water based metropolis, the Red river (so called: Háť“ng river) is its natural limit due to the natural intolerance. Through centuries, people tried to build dykes to protect the city from flooding, this area is by no mean inhospitable for the urban- footprint or inhabita on, however, the urban sprawl is inevitable beyond the dyke and it is caus-

ing a lot of problems. The river as a limit but also a threshold to enter the city, it defines a dis nc ve character for a 4000 year old city.

Therefore, by considering these situa ons, it is necessary to work on the topic of the river bank to define and solve the exis ng problems for a sustainable development of the city.

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

The river: The Red river used to be an important element for the city in term of transporta on, trade and agriculture. The part of the river passing by the city is basically composed by 3 main elements: the water, the dyke and the area outside the dyke.

The dyke: The city has a system of dyke on both sides of the river. The dykes are con-

structed to protect the city from floods. In general, the total length on the le side is 37km, on the right side id 27km. The height on average is 14m which is capable to prevent the city from the wost situa on that is predicted to happen in every 125 years.

The problem now is there is a significant popula on living outside the dyke. They are not protected if the flood happens.

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

Flooding: According to sta s cs from 1902 to 2004, the city has been experiencing remarkable floods. The chart is showing that, the water level fluctuates over me but the general trend is the level in increase. There is flooding with 11.6m heigh happens in every 5 years ( which is higher than the area outside the dyke). In 1940s and in 1970s the city suered by 2 significant floods, the water level was almost 14m, which is equal to the height of the dyke. This situa on is predicted to happen in the course of 125 years.

Construc on regula on: There is a regula on on the construcon in the area: The built up area has to be at least 30m away from the river bank (in normal situa on) and 5m away from the foot of the dyke. Unfortunately, most of the construc ons do not follow this regula on.

Landuse: Though many parts of the river bank are inhabited, there is s ll a significant por on of land used for agricultural ac vi es. This contexts defines a very dis nc ve character for the city: the city development includes both sides of the river and the agriculture exists in the middle.

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

TraďŹƒc situa on: The dyke is actually a part of the transporta on system. In the past, a er the construc on, local roads were built on top of the dyke, at first they just played as secondary roads.

However, due to the drama c development of the city, many parts of the dyke now are transformed into primary roads which are very crowed, due to the strong flow of the fast mobility, the dyke separates the city and the river bank, it is now very diďŹƒcult for the pedestrian to access to the river.

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RIVERBANK ANALYSIS

Popula on: According to sta s c in 2007, there are 8% of the popula on of the city (244000 people) living outside the dyke.

The density is very high: 162 people/ha in comparison to 136 people/ha on average. In the history, there was a very li le inhabita on in this part of the city, due to the urbaniza on process, the area is currently of occupied by housing and industrial ac vi es. Many of those do not have legal inhabita on. This situa on results in the disconnec on between the city center and the river and considered to be one of the most problema c issues that the city is encountering.

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METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS

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AREAS IN FOCUS

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AREAS IN FOCUS

1 METHODOLODY A er general observa ons, it is necessary to get closer to the specific parts of the river to understand clearly what is happening in order to iden fy the context and highlight the problems.

Scale of the analysis: Territorial scale. Base on the scale of the analysis, these techniques are used to analyze the river bank.

1- The method of using Topographical sec on. This method presents the precise topographical of the urban sec ons to understand the rela onship between the river with the land as well as to simulate the flooding situa on. To make the data clear, the eleva on is scaled higher than the horizontal dimension. All data is taken from www.geocontext.org 2- Dividing the river bank into parts to anayze and pick up one typical study As the scope of the river bank is large, therefore, it it significant to pick up the typical part of the river bank study its texture, the partern sto inde fy their characteris c 3- The Infographic secon The geographisec on supports the topogaphical sec on to

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AREAS IN FOCUS

read the urban sec on in general to hightlight the most import tant factors that it cuts through.

2 CONCLUSION IN SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE RIVER Part 1: This part is one of the largest areas in the river bank. The land here is used for agricultural ac vi es and tradi onal flower farms (peach and orrange). The popula on mainly inhabits along the dyke, in comparision to the other part, this area has least popula on. The topographical sec on indicates that the right side has a higher risk of flood than the le side.

Part 2: This part of the river is the most populated part as it is passing closely to the city center. It is remarkable to see that the construc on occupies the whole river bank. However, there are

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AREAS IN FOCUS

land used for agriculture. In addi on, there are 2 important bridges crossing the river. One is a historical heritage (Long Bien bridge), one plays as a traďŹƒc connec on. It is clear to see that, the le part is higher than the right part, how ever there is s ll a risk of flood on the area outside the dyke.

Part 3: At this point, the river approaches closely to the city, the area outside the dyke is thin but very dense and fully constructed by housing. There is no buering space between the river and the housing. By contrast, the right side of the river has more land for agriculture instead of housing. Remarkably, the land is hight on the le side, therefore there is less risk of flood in this area.

Part 4: Here, the context completely changes. On the le side: the land

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AREAS IN FOCUS

is used mainly for industrial ac vi es instead of housing. On the right side: Land is mainly used for agriculture. However, there is a significant risk of flood in the riverbank as this area is pre y low than other parts.

3. OVERALL CONCLUSION: From an overall perspec ve, it is clear to see that, every part of the river bank has their own character, but they share a common situa on: There are always people living outside the dyke and there is always a risk of flooding in these areas. More over, there is a lack of a connec on between the city and the river bank, between the le side the right side. there fore, it is necessary to have significant interven on to qualify the river bank.

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URBAN DESIGN STRATEGY

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Synthesis of the analysis at city scale

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

Hanoi is an 1000 year old city, but it is s ll under the urbaniza on process and the city expansion is unavoidable just like other ci es in developing countries.

Looking back at the urban development of the city, it is clear to see that, the city has been expanding mainly on the le side of the river as the historical core is located there. Over me, with the connec ons made by the bridges, the city started to orient to the right side of the river. However this expansion s ll remains modest and weak. The river is in fact a natural limit of the city, but the situa on now demonstrates that, the right side is an integral part of the city and this part needs to be taken into serious considera on for the future development of the city.

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The main goal

From our point of view, there is a need to qualify the connec on on both side of the river. During the analysis, we found that there are problems at the riverbank in term of environmental (flood, quality of open

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space) and social issues ( illegal construc on) that reduces the quality of this connec on.

Therefore, our aim is to regenerate the riverbank, especially on the le side of the river as we found it the most problema c..

Dimensions of the interven on

The urban interven on will take place in 2 dimensions: 1st dimension: Along the river bank, to qualify the space in a con nuous way.

2nd dimension: from our perspec ve, the urban interven on should not take place in a linear dimension (along the river bank) but also in a interferenĆ&#x;al way. This is important as the city needs to connect to the riverbank, and the both side of the river need to connect to each other. They can be the poten al points and areas.

The result

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Objec ve and program

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

ObjecĆ&#x;ve: Our objec ve in focus is the riverbank and especially the part limited by the dyke. This area now is detached from the city caused by the dyke ( as a mean to protect the city from food) and the informal inhabita on.

However, it s ll has a fundamental role in term of connec on to the river.

Objec ve = The area in the river bank limited by the dyke.

Program: By working in these 2 dimensions, the concept can be realized by se ng a specific program for the river bank: Our aim is to transform this part of the city in to a produc ve urban space which considers three elements

of sustainable development: Environmental factor, Social factor and Economic factor. To do that, we want to integrate into this part 3 new programs: 1- The river bank will act like a greenbelt for the city to improve the greenability and at the same me can protect the city from flood .

2- The river bank will be a place that encourage the slow mobility for pedestrian and cyclists to enjoy the river bank 3- The riverbank will host many social, recrea onal events in the city in order to a ract people on both side of the river .

4- The interven on should have a direct contact to the riverbank physically and visually speaking.

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Connec ons:bridges

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Potencial areas

Green belt

URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

Looking for the materials to realize the urban design strategies

Moving to a further step, now we need to look for the material that can help to visualize our concept. At first, it is clear that the bridges are the physical connec on, out intension is to search for the poten al points and areas which are close to these connecon. A er interven on they will become produc ve urban hubs for the city. What we found are the places rich of culture, local tradi on or the abandoned, polluted places such as industrial factories. There are about 12 areas of poten al that can support to materialize the concept: 2 important markets,

2 flower farms, the island in the middle of the river, 1 water front, 2 cra s village and 3 industrial areas.

Now we zoom in a specific interven on to realize our urban design strategy. The result of the analysis points out clearly that, to transform the riverbank into a green belt , at first we need to solve the exis ng problems: How to protect the city from flood and at the same me how to make the riverbank friendly and accessible for people.

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Proposal and scale of the proposal

According to the sta s cs about flood from 1902 to 2004, we propose system of secondary dyke which is capable to protect the area of the city outside the Primary dyke from the very frequent flood that happens every 5 years with the water level is 11.6m. This ac on will take place on both sides of the river in order to adapt to the future development of the city.

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

The elements taken into considera on

The ac on should carefully take into account in 3 aspects: Environmental aspect, Social aspect and Economic aspect.

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

Environmental consideraƟon: By observing the water regime during the years, it is obvious that there is one par cular part on the le side of the river frequently affected by flood which is very close to the city center. This part is more vulnerable to flood than any area of the river bank and should be put on top priority for protec on.

Social and economic consideraƟon: There are s ll many ac vi es which has cultural, social and economic values that are important for the city. During analysis, we found 2 important areas on both sides of the river, on the le side including 2 flower farms and 2 important markets ( Flower market and Fruit market). On the other side, they are 2 tradi onal cra s villages that have been exis ng with the develop-

ment of the city.

More importantly, the proposal of the secondary dyke will affect on the lives of more than 200000 people living outside the primary dyke. It is necessary to rese le the inhabita on at the river bank as many of those don’t have legal se lement and the construc on violates seriously the hydraulic regula on which is very likely to take the risk of severe flood might happen in the future. And this is one the main reasons causing the disconnec on between the city and the river.

In our proposal, around 30% of this populaon will be rese led to other safer places by the social housing program of the Government. The rest (70%) of this popula on will be protected by the 2nd dyke in considera on to other factors men oned before (environmental, cultural and economic).

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

LocaĆ&#x;on of the secondary dyke

By taking all of the issues into considera on, we propose a system of dyke shoe in the drawing, the dyke will func on with the primary dyke to protect the city from flooding, protect the important areas and protect the popula on without pu ng too much eort in rese ling them.

This strong ac on means that, a significant number of housing will be destructed to give a space for the secondary dyke. For other areas such as industrial areas, we propose to remove them and give more room for the flood plain in order to reduce the pressure on the new secondary dyke.

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

The concept of “dykescape”

A er loca ng the secondary dyke, it is important to qualify the new urban space defined by this new hydraulic infrastructure. Normally, the dyke is constructed with specifica on that refers to the construc on regula on.

However, this infrastructure do not consider the human dimension and human scale. That makes the river and the dyke less accessbile to people to enjoy the landscape. During the analysis, we found out that, the local culture has a very strong connec on to the space surrounding the dyke. This rela onship between human and the dyke can be defined as “ dykescape”. In many parts of the primary dyke, local people use the dyke as a place to relax, to gather, to socialize and to host their local fes val such as kite fes vals, the children really enjoy their leisure and it is the important part of the childhood. This sense of place is strongly related with the scale, the

form, the shape and especially the slope of the dyke. Inspired of this pre-exis ng context, the design focuses on transforming the conven onal dyke into a “walkable dyke” for people. In this way, the space can be more produc ve as it considers the human scale, it offers people to enjoy the space, on top of the dyke could be a slow mobility path for pedestrian and cyclist, people are free to walk on top of the dyke in anywhere they want and finally enjoy the river scape.

The area outside the secondary dyke will literally act as greent belt for the city, in this area, the natural inhabita on can have the opportunity to flourish, the agricultural culva on will con nue to func on . Further more, there are possibili es to transform this area in to ecological park or agricultural park for recrea onal ac vi es and also for educaonal purpose.

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URBAN DESIGN STRAGETY

Visualizing the design in specific parts of the riverbank

Each part of the river bank has their own features and the design should adapt to their own context.

Probably, the most interes ng part of the the urban interven on is the area in between the primary dyke and the secondary dyke, in our design, we choose 3 loca ons to present our design. The sec ons are respec vely at the 3 parts of the river in the analysis we did before.

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SITE INTRODUCTION

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SITE INTRODUCTION

The area we choose for the design is one of the poten al points in our urban design strategy. It is a market that is next to an old the bridge ( considered as cultural heritage). The market is one of the most ac ve and important markets of the city, a top resource to distribute fruits, vegetables and seafood for the city.

Its only func ons in the evening and stops in day me.

The market is put in the context that considers our urban interven on (the dyke) and the future context of the city. If the urban interve on is implemented. The market will be located between the primary dyke (which is a concrete wall ) and the new secondary dyke. According o the city planning, there will be a new bridge running parallel with the exis ng bridges for the future Metro system. The 2 bridegs are 200m from each other. That mean the market will be in the middle of these 2 bridges.

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SITE ANALYSIS

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SITE ANALYSIS

FuncĆ&#x;on The buildings surrounding the site are residen al housing in majority as well as one train sta on and one collage and one field of sport facili es.

And in the site, the market is divided into dry market and wet market according to the things to sell.

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SITE ANALYSIS

Morphology The morphology shows the high density of the site and its surroundings.

The height most of the houses are 2-3 stories, at the river bank they are 1-2 stories.

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SITE ANALYSIS

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SITE ANALYSIS

SecĆ&#x;on The urban sec ons implicate the rela on between the site (which is the market) and the main load and the rela on between the site and the river bank.

The longitudial sec on reveals the sky line from the view of city center and also shows the rela onship between the market and the Long bien bridge, the most significant site in the city. Due to its huge significance, the design of the market should be limited in the height to make sure the importance of the Long bien bridge.

We can observe from the cross sec on the situa on of the city center, the road and the riverbank, giving a be er understanding of the site.

The flipped over sec on of the cross sec on is aimed to display scene of the Long bien bridge from the market. Needless to say, Long bien bridge plays an important role in the daily life of the ci zens.

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SITE ANALYSIS

Problem There are mainly 2 aspect of the problems: in the site and surround the site.

The mainly problem in the site is the sanitary thing, since it is a wet market and the lacking of cleaning, the walk way is indeed wet and dirty and also the seafood are not well preserved. Besides, the old fruits discharge everywhere.

As to the area surrounded, actually there is a slum near the river bank, garbage is discharged to water, temporary housing near the river muddy road next to the market, vulnarable structure, poor people live with low quality and the alley become their living space.

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ANALYSIS OF OLD MARKET

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SITUATION

Area for aquaculture and seafood product

Area for fruits and agriculture product

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ANALYSIS OF OLD MARKET

Conclusion With 2.6 m high on average, the concrete wall as a part of the dyke creates visual problem: The street life can not be seen, the whole market can not be seen. People can not see others beyond the wall, this is social division between the city and the urban area on the other side of the wall.

The solu on for the architecture is to raise the high but also in a harmonious with the context. The are 2 elements in the context: the first one is the average high of resinden al building which is approximately 12m. The 2nd element is the height of the Long bien bridge, which is 21.2 m. To make the new architecture, that uses the height of 12 m, the building must be standing maximum of 35m away from the concrere wall to be able to be visible from the street (the closest pavement).

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CONCEPT OF NEW MARKET

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Shopping behavior in Hanoi

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CONCEPT OF NEW MARKET

Shopping behavior conclusion What happens inside the market is ironically what happens in the street, there is a li le disnc on between them. The local people always condider them as “market� The street life, the rela onship between local shopping behaviour and its rela on ship with the urban fabric can be a good material for the design of the market that reflects the local traddi on.

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Learning from Tube House

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CONCEPT OF NEW MARKET

IntroducƟon of tube house

Shophouses, standing one behind another, have a width from 2.5 to 5.5 m, and a depth of some mes over 60 m. Shophouses, called “Nha Hinh Ong” or “tube-likehouses”, a er their narrow propor ons, filled the whole of each block. In an area where merchandise lines the streets, it was essen al that houses face the street to secure shop space. With a facade open to the street and shop space on the ground floor, each individual house had enclosed walls on the other three sides (the back and flanks), so that it had no connec on with its next-door neighbours. Thus only on the street could each household com-

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CONCEPT OF NEW MARKET

municate with others. The inner space of shophouse was filled with unique devices not only to preserve the inhabitants’ privacy but also to create Inspira on from tube house comfortable living spaces. On the narrow site, a built space and a void space stand one a er the other in a rhythmical sequence. Inner courtyards play a role in ven la on and ligh ng.

As to environmental performance, the shophouse can prevent overhea ng of inner spaces by avoiding direct sunlight, providing ven la on and using materials with suďŹƒcient heat capacity.

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Space composiĆ&#x;on

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Mass and void

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Defining a new func on for the market “ Where we live is where we grow�.

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Steps to Masterplan

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Steps to Masterplan

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ARCHITECTURE DEGISN

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Architecture design The idea gets from the rela on of the riverbank and the city here refers to ground. It would be interes ng to penetrate green into the ground and vice versa. So we use the strip this element to express our idea, we have the green in the ground and we have ground in the green. Due to the idea of strip, we separate the market in several parts according to the category of the food, unlike the tradi onal market, the new long bien market spreads on the site, some parts even touch the river bank. The new form of the market gets the inspira on from the idea of tube house but the inside space is a little bit dierent.

There is a way crossing through the site based on the exis ng roads at the boundary of the site. We also design several covers to connect dierent markets which are distant from each other.

We cut many windows to have a free facade also for the func on, give the lights to the interior space. Also, there will be some on the roof based on the same reason.

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REFERENCES 1. TROPICAL SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE Social and Environmental Dimensions 2. Joo-Hwa Bay and Boon Lay Ong Architectural Press Elsevier, pp221-240 3. “Tube House” and “Neo Tube House” in Hanoi: A Compara ve Study on Iden ty and Typology To Kien 4. INTERMEDIATE NATURES THE LANDSCAPES OF MICHEL DESVIGNE With a foreword by James Corner and a contribu on by Gilles A. Tiberghien PP40-48 5. Newyork Highline, 6. L’an c mercat de santa caterna, Barcelona,Embt 7. Cas lla and leon museum of contemporary art (MUSAC), Leon, 2000-01, Mansilla+tunon architects 8. OC-Open City Piacenza 2010 INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL from landscape to exterior design BETWEEN THE CITY AND THE RIVER ARCHITECTURE OF URBAN RELATIONS 9. OC-Open City Piacenza 2012 INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL from landscape to exterior design LANDSCAPE IN SEQUENCE Dwelling the wall P192-P197 10. CPULs Con nues Produc ve Urban Landscape

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