September 24, 2013

Grad school coverage

University

Div school bridges LGBTQ and church

Panelists sound off on Syria situation Page 2

Page 4

The Chronicle T h e i n d e p e n d e n t d a i ly at D u k e U n i v e r s i t y

xxxxxday,SEPTEMBER TUESDAY, mmmm xx,24, 2013 2013

Future of DukeOpen push unclear

www.dukechronicle.com

ONE ONE HUNDRED HUNDRED AND AND EIGHTH ninthYEAR, YEAR,Issue Issuexxx 21

HDRL alters painting, banner policy

Imagine all the people

by Emma Baccellieri The Chronicle

Student coalition DukeOpen is gradually making its way through administrative processes in its push for greater endowment transparency.

Based on ideas of socially responsible investing and administrative transparency, DukeOpen is requesting that DUMAC—the firm that invests the University’s endowment—disclose the endowment’s direct investments twice annually to the Duke community.

Since its proposal was put in front of the President’s Special Committee on Investment Responsibility in April, DukeOpen has made efforts to present to a number of administrative groups— ultimately hoping to present the proposal to the Board of Trustees. Members of the coalition said they believe that the administration is prolonging the approval process. University Secretary Richard Riddell noted, however, that the proposal will “most likely” be

by Yiyun Zhu The Chronicle

Dayou zhuo/The Chronicle

Starting at the Chapel, Duke students walked to different points of campus to pray for peace.

See dukeopen, page 6

Changes announced by Housing, Dining and Residence Life in August discouraged students from painting their rooms and limited the dimensions of banners hung outside windows.

Previous policy allowed students to paint dorm or apartment walls as long as they painted them back at the end of the year, or forged an agreement with future occupants about the changed room conditions. HDRL no longer allows students to pass altered room conditions onto the next occupant.

“Residents are not allowed to make alterations or additions to or within the premises. This includes painting the room or apartment,” read an email sent out to residents of Few Quad. “Students will be charged for repairs needed to return rooms to an HDRL-approved color and condition after move-out.”

See painting, page 5

Chinese journalists visit Durham for DKU marketing

by Lauren Carroll The Chronicle

Last week, seven Chinese journalists traveled to Durham on Duke’s dime.

Duke brought the journalists in hopes that they would promote Duke Kunshan University. Administrators launched their marketing plan in full force last week, following the announcement that the Chinese Ministry of Education granted DKU final approval. With such an aggressive recruitment push, pressure is on for DKU to open in time for classes to begin in August.

Before the University officially received

final approval from the Ministry of Education—the last step in establishing a foreign university in China—it was not permitted to formally recruit or advertise.

As if someone flipped a switch, DKU Tshirts and key chains appeared in The University Store in the Bryan Center last week, and new admissions and curriculum pages have popped up on the DKU website. Individual schools offering courses at DKU will start advertising their programs, and various DKU leaders will hold information sessions See dku, page 5

Jennie xu/The Chronicle

Duke brought over seven Chinese journalists in that an effort to promote Duke Kunshan University.

2 | TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

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Mapping birds’ brains reveal Panel leads discussion on U.S. role in Syria crisis similarities with humans’

by Jenna Zhang The ChroniCle

The Sanford School of Public Policy hosted a roundtable panel discussion on the current crisis in Syria Monday night.

Moderator robin Kirk, director of the Duke human rights Center, said Sanford convened the event to discuss the current situation in Syria and talk about the various political factors at play. Panelists went over a variety of topics, including the extent to which the United States should become involved in the crisis and potential settlements that may lie in Syria’s future.

Panelist Philip Bennett, director of the DeWitt Wallace Center for Media and Democracy, commenced the talk by discussing the role that media has played in the Syrian crisis. his primary concern was that actual news coming out of the war had been shuffled into the background as political conflicts in Washington over the crisis have come

ViCTor ye/The ChroniCle

Among the many topics discussed, panelist Philip Bennett (pictured right) criticized the media’s coverage of the Syrian crisis.

to the forefront.

“A curtain has descended on this story,” he said.

Bennett added that the media was more focused on how Congress and President Barack obama were arguing over the Syrian crisis rather than the humanitarian aspects of the situation itself.

The panelists went on to discuss the factors that were contributing to the current state of affairs in Syria.

Abdeslam Maghraoui, associate professor of the practice of political science and director of undergraduate studies, presented three possible resolutions for the Syrian crisis: a military victory for either side, the collapse of the current presiding government or both sides coming to an agreement.

Bruce Jentleson, professor of public policy and political science, said the situation was too complicated for there to be a specific resolution, but added that a military victory on either side would be unlikely given the current state of affairs. he said he was hopeful that with pressure from foreign countries, the government and the Free Syrian Army would be able to broker an agreement and end the war.

“Today, we come to the realization that there is a stalemate, and a military solution is beyond anyone’s reach,” he said.

World leaders have failed to resolve the crisis in Syria because such conflicts were not common until the end of the Cold War, Jentiseon said. he added that conflicts overseas prior to the end of the Cold War had primarily been between different nations at war with each other. Atrocities committed in rwanda in the 1990s and the intrastate conflicts following the Arab Spring introduced a different kind of international conflict to be dealt with—one in which the citizens See SYRia, page 6

by Tesssa Vellek The ChroniCle

A study on birds’ brains could lead to a greater understanding of the human brain.

A research team—led by erich Jarvis, howard hughes Medical institute investigator of neurobiology at the School of Medicine—concluded a 10-year study in which they mapped the brains of eight species of birds. The findings, which were published in two papers in the Journal of Comparative neurology in July, found that the brains of all vertebrates—which includes mammals, birds and reptiles, among others—have important similarities. The new understanding could aid further research in language and speech development. “if you really look at the behavior complexity of different bird species, they can display quite simple to very complex behaviors that you can find in any mammal—some of which are considered more unique to humans, like language,” Jarvis said. “if we are going to translate discoveries that we find from a songbird to a human, we need to know the similar cell-types in songbirds and humans.”

By using a computational analysis of the activity of 52 genes across 23 areas of the bird brain, the team—which included Chun-Chun Chen, a postdoctoral fellow in the Jarvis lab, and harvey Karten, a professor of neuroscience at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine—found that bird brains have a columnar organization. Previously, only mammals were thought to have this structure. “one of the challenges we’ve had using bird brains to understand brain function overall is that it’s hard to translate discoveries in birds to other species, including mammals and humans,” Jarvis said. “one of the reasons it’s hard to make those translations is that we didn’t know about the organization of the bird brain to begin with.”

Another breakthrough in the study

was the discovery that a void—known as the ventricle—that exists between two groups of cells does not act as a barrier. instead, the two cell groups actually divide in a sheet and flow around the ventricle while multiplying.

Although it may make studies on birds easier to understand, richard Mooney, George Barth Geller professor of neurobiology at the Duke institute for Brain Sciences, said that mice will not disappear from neurobiology laboratories. “i don’t think birds will replace mice,” Mooney said, “[Birds and mice] each have a great utility, but it’s much, much easier to understand what the homologies are between the mouse brain and the human brain….

But even so, bird behavior in many ways is much more like our behavior than mouse behavior.”

Jarvis and his colleagues studied how the gene expression of birds’ brains reacted to various environmental factors— such as bird songs, light, movement and a magnetic field that simulated navigational circuits.

“We’re looking at combinations of genes and the reason why we think we were able to get further than other studies in the past is because they were only doing one or two genes and we had decided that wasn’t enough evidence,” Jarvis said. “We needed many more genes.”

The discovery about the structure of birds’ brains could change evolutionary biology because it shows that the circuitry we use to perform specific tasks like detecting sound have not changed much in the past 200 million years, Karten said.

“Prior to now, the notion had been that mammals evolved their cortex as a specific novel event,” Karten said. “now See BiRd BRainS, page 6

CONGRATULATIONS!

Alli Smalley, a senior from Ellicott City, Maryland majoring in Psychology has her picture taken with Angela Bowling, Marketing Manager for Duke University Stores.

Alli was one of the lucky winners of two tickets to the Duke vs Georgia Tech football game played on September 14.

Did you miss out?

There will be more opportunities like this. Just stop by the University Store located in the Bryan Center and see what the ‘buzz’ is all about.

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TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 | 3

Profs mull effects of North Carolina legislation

by Aradhna Madireddi The ChroniCle

Political experts came together Monday evening to reflect on the tumultuous state of politics in north Carolina over the last year.

The summer saw plenty of state legislative action on voter rights, health care and education, and the results rankled many state constituents, the panelists said. Don Taylor, associate professor of public policy, moderated the panel of three state political experts—Chris Fitzsimon, founder and executive director of north Carolina Policy Watch; reporter lynn Bonner of The news and observer; and John hood, president and chairman of the John locke Foundation think tank. in his introduction, Taylor noted that the state has been in the nation’s political spotlight as a result of controversial legislation that has led to activism. “north Carolina was ridiculed because the house legislation decided it doesn’t have to follow what the Supreme Court does,” Fitzsimon said.

Dayou zhuo/The ChroniCle The panelists discussed voter iDs, which since the 2012 elections have be- Political experts discussed health care and education, among other topics, during a panel on North come one of the most controversial top- Carolina politics Tuesday. ics in north Carolina politics. The bill requires students to use state-issued and not university-issued identification in orAlthough obamacare has faults, Bon- Care north Carolina, to provide for the der to vote, among other restrictions. ner said, it attempts to cover the health state’s poor, Taylor said.

The panelists then turned to health care of all people under the poverty increased access to health care tends care and education, two of the areas that threshold and improves the welfare of to decrease reliance on the emergency room, which in turn reduces hospital have garnered much national attention. many more than the house’s position.

The north Carolina General Assembly The refusal to take greater legislative costs for the treatment of the uninsured. voted to decline federal funds to expand responsibility for health care coverage This is important given that the United state Medicaid coverage to low-income increases pressure on nonprofit health States has one of the highest health care residents. care organizations, such as Community expenditures per capita in the world,

Taylor said.

The panel also addressed legislation on abortion. Ftizsimon emphasized that at one point, the republican majority’s version of a compromise on abortion was mandating that those pursuing an abortion see an ultrasound before the procedure and receive approval from an anti-abortion advocate. As debate over the law intensified, the state legislators changed their position to not allow any coverage of abortion under government health insurance plans.

The end of the panel covered the state’s stance on education. in response to economic pressure, the north Carolina house considered significant cutbacks to the community college system, which hood called one of the best in the nation.

“Universities are an economic engine,” Bonner said. “They attract many people to move here.”

Ultimately the budget allocated more money to universities—including private institutions—than the national average, but less than the national average on the K-12 school system. With these fiscal decisions, Fitzsimon said that it has become harder for students in north Carolina to receive a strong education at the elementary level. As a result, north Carolina test scores have fallen below the national average, he added.

With the state’s political history over the past year, the panelists were not optimistic for the upcoming legislative year.

“There’s going to be a lot of disagreement until the left and the right don’t come together,” hood said.

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Also includes the Gothic Bookshop, the Duke Technology Center and the Duke Textbook Store.

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Grad school

Sacred Worth bridges LGBTQ community and church

sophia palenberg/The Chronicle

Last year, Sacred Worth held panel discussions to encourage people to vote against Amendment One as one of its many projects to bridge the LGBTQ community with the church.

by Grace Wang The Chronicle

A student-led organization is looking to dispel the viewpoint that the LGBTQ community and Christianity are incompatible.

Originally formed in 1990, Sacred Worth strives to create a safe environment for LGBTQ students in the church. Over the years, the group—originally named Divinity Students for Gay and Lesbian Concerns—has hosted a variety of events on campus to raise awareness about their cause.

Before Amendment One was passed, the group held panel discussions and organized drives for people to vote against the Amendment. The organization has also hosted film screenings and discussions and art installations featuring LGBTQ saints and martyrs.

“The group represents something that’s foreign to a lot of people. We can lend our

voices and experiences, make things personal, challenge doctrines or beliefs just through sharing our lives in classes and studies with one another,” said sophomore Justin Davis, one of the four co-leaders of the group.

The name Sacred Worth was inspired by a statement in the United Methodist Book of Discipline about all persons being created with sacred worth, said senior Lynda Berg, a co-leader of the group.

Although the organization has been a facet of the University for over two decades, its presence was not always readily accepted.

“When the group was first formed in the 1990s, it was a real struggle. They had to go up against a lot of opposition,” Berg said. “But I think the Divinity School has come a long way since then and no one

will question our ability to be here now.”

Sophomore Daniel Kort, president of Blue Devil’s United, said Sacred Worth’s presence on campus is invaluable and ensures that the LGBTQ community is represented across all facets of the University.

Berg echoed this sentiment, noting that the group offers pertinent information for LGBTQ students who may feel that they do not belong at church.

“A lot of LGBT Christians have walked away from their faith because how the church has treated them, or they felt that they have to choose one or the other, which is heartbreaking,” she said.

Amy Hall, associate professor of Christian ethics at the Divinity School, is one of the faculty allies of the group and believes that it is possible to be Christian and a member or supporter of the LG-

BTQ community.

“It does come as a surprise to some folks that people at the Divinity school are allies,” said Hall. “As a teacher at Duke Divinity School, I’ve had some very gifted ministers and students come through who belong to the LGBT group.

I want to be able to tell people that God has gifted individuals who are gays and lesbians.”

Senior Raygan Baker, another coleader of Sacred Worth, noted that the church is at its best when it’s inclusive of more voices, and needs to hear the voices of LGBTQ community.

“Our goal is to be inclusive about LGBTQ people is part of our role in serving the church,” said Baker. “We are not just serving these people, we think that the church needs these people.”

Pre-orientation program connects students with Durham

by Patricia Spears The Chronicle

The Divinity School’s pre-orientation program has entered its 22nd year.

Project BRI(DDD)GE—Building Relationships in Durham through Duke Divinity Graduate Education—started in 1991 with six female and six male graduate students. Two decades later, there are 22 students, 10 leaders and a host of faculty and guest lecturers participating.

The week-long program allows students the opportunity to connect with religious leaders in Durham before beginning their classes.

“We are wanting to connect our learning to the service of God, which is outside of these four walls,” said Rev. Sally Bates, Divinity ‘95 and Divinity School chaplain, who attended the second program in 1992. “Look at the joys and needs of the world, and Project BRI(DDD)GE can make that intersection happen.”

The program is open to all incoming Divinity school students. Participants are chosen by students and faculty through an application process that asks applicants about life experiences, the desire to complete Project BRI(DDD)GE and how it would help in their future ministry.

“We looked at the pool of students we had and they were all strong,” said Catherine Watson, associate director of student life at the divinity school, adding that every student who applied was chosen to participate this year.

The goal of Project BRI(DDD)GE is to acclimate graduate students to their new school and expose them to the Durham community through philanthropic activities. The program seeks in part to bring Duke and Durham closer together.

“That’s what I learned most. How unconnected Duke and Durham are,” said Breana van Velzen, a first-year Divinity

student.

Bates noted the same divergence.

“It’s very easy to be at Duke, with the ivy covered walls and the gothic beauty, and lose sight of the community that the school is surrounded in,” Bates said.

Through the program, students work with a variety of different organizations to address long-standing social justice issues—such as poverty, racial inequality and disability status—that affect the Durham community.

Van Velzen said that the “Reality Party”—an event that connects teens and adults with developmental disabilities through a dance party—was one of her favorite aspects of the program.

Watson echoed this sentiment, adding that it is necessary to know the historical background of a group of people in order to minister to them effectively.

“You’re being an empowerer,” Watson said.

Besides emphasizing action in the Durham community, Project BRI(DDD) GE created long-lasting bonds between its participants, Watson noted.

She added that the participants are “a tight-knit group of people who impact the whole rest of the student community.”

Van Velzen also noted the power of their group.

“When other people are lost, we can expand our core group and include them,” van Velzen said.

Relationships formed during Project BRI(DDD)GE have withstood the test of time for Bates.

“It’s where I made my best and most lasting friendships,” Bates said. “We’ve been meeting as BRI(DDD)GE group faithfully for 21 years. And I think we haven’t missed a year.”

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DKU

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from page 1

and other recruitment meetings at Chinese universities in coming months.

DKU might have trouble marketing itself as a competitive university early on, said one of the visitors, Xiong Binqi, an influential blogger and vice president of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University education Group. he added, through a translator, that DKU will not immediately have the reputation of larger, more prestigious Chinese universities, like Shanghai Jiao Tong or Beijing University.

Although tuition has yet to be finalized, the cost of attending DKU will be comparable to the cost of going to the Durham campus—much more expensive than a Chinese degree. Some critics have questioned whether Chinese students will be willing to pay the cost of going to Duke in China if going to Duke in the United States is a similarly priced option.

But Binqi added that Duke made a thoughtful choice by offering graduate programs early on because it will better prepare Duke to offer undergraduate education. it also helps to distinguish Duke from other joint venture universities like new York University Shanghai, which welcomed its first class of undergraduates this semester. nYU’s Shanghai site is still not finished, so students are living off-campus until the buildings are ready. in Duke’s recruitment effort, administrators are assuming that the campus will be ready when students arrive next Fall, despite numerous problems with construction since breaking ground in 2010.

When asked earlier this month what would happen if DKU construction were not finished by Fall 2014, Provost Peter lange said that it is not even a possibility to consider. in preparation for its marketing push, Duke has hired a new communications manager, Jay Shen. Based in China, Shen has

been working with Chinese government and journalists since he started in the summer.

When working with the Chinese media, Duke has had trouble explaining DKU’s mission because American and Chinese concepts of higher education are so fundamentally different, said Director of Global Communications laura Brinn. Media officials did not know what administrators meant when they said “inquiry-based learning” or mentioned that learning could take place outside the classroom.

“They don’t have a framework to understand,” Brinn said, adding that this is the reason administrators decided to bring the Chinese journalists to Durham to more effectively inform them about the Duke model so they can promote DKU in their publications.

Being able to communicate the differences between the two country’s education styles is particularly important for DKU administrators because they are hoping to attract a class consisting half of Chinese students and the other half international, including American students.

While on their all-expenses-paid trip to Duke, the journalists met with representatives from the schools offering DKU programs, learned about student affairs, toured the campus, shopped at Southpoint Mall and went to the Duke-Pittsburgh football game Saturday, with administrators as their hosts.

“These [meetings] are helpful. There is a big difference between Chinese universities and American universities,” said lin Yingying, a reporter for The Shanghai Morning Post, after a discussion about the Duke Community Standard. “Mostly, the difference is that American students talk more.”

Some of the journalists, like Binqi, filed stories or blogged about the experience while in Durham. others waited until they returned to China. They asked detailed

questions about Duke’s teaching and administrative methods, as well as the impact different programs could have in China.

The visitors included Qui Yi, Xinhua news Agency; Yi Xin, China education Daily; Wang Ying, Sina education Channel; li ran, Sina education Channel; Zou Chu, Kunshan TV Station; Binqi and Yingying.

painTinG from page 1 The previous rules allowed students and future occupants to sign an agreement allowing changes made to the room or apartment—such as wall color—to remain. if a subsequent occupant did not accept the changes, the person who accepted them would have to repaint or pay the hDrl fine, said Joe Gonzalez, dean for residential life. “hDrl has told us that students were being peer-pressured into accepting the rooms,” said junior Jacob Zionce, Duke Student Government vice president for residential life.

Gonzalez said the agreements have lead to conflict among students. “if the subsequent student won’t accept the condition of the room, the second student has to re-paint it or gets billed,” Gonzalez said. “That does not go well, as you can imagine.”

The policy changes also limit the size of banners hung outside residential buildings to 5 feet by 5 feet and specify that they can not cover the windows of a room in a manner that impedes egress,” read the email sent to Few Quad residents.

Zionce noted that the administration has emphasized safety concerns regarding extravagant banners. he noted, however, that banners have a positive impact on campus culture.

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 | 5

“As an incoming freshman, i remember coming in and seeing banners, which is a further reason why i wanted to come to this school,” Zionce said. “i could see how involved the student body was.”

Some students living in Greek and selective living group housing on Central Campus are displeased with the painting limitations, Gonzalez said.

“While other dorm-style sections on West are much nicer and well lit on the inside, the apartment-style living on Central is darker, more outdated, and bigger,” said senior Katie howard, president of the Panhellenic Association. “Painting really brought the apartments to life, and it was a fun opportunity to make the space yours.”

She noted that a partial solution would be for the administration to repaint Central Campus apartments with warmer colors.

Gonzalez said that the new painting rule is more a change in practice than policy.

Though students are no longer allowed to keep painted walls, residents have always been charged when future occupants did not approve of the paint conditions.

Gonzalez noted that an additional burden is placed on hDrl when students are allowed to re-paint their own rooms.

“The quality of the [students’] re-paint efforts at move-out are often lacking,” Gonzalez said. “We find that we have to re-paint a number of rooms after the student has attempted to re-paint.”

Senior Jimmy Guo, a resident assistant in Wilson Dorm, said that hDrl charges students who painted their dorms several hundred dollars per repaint coat.

Gonzalez also said that painting during the summer has logistical challenges, as summer conferences and summer school make finding time to repaint difficult, particularly on Central Campus, where summer school students move in the day after graduating seniors have moved out.

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Duke open from page 1 presented by President Richard Brodhead at the Board’s next meeting.

“We continue to pursue cooperation with the administration,” senior Jacob Tobia, one of four leaders of DukeOpen, wrote in an email Sunday. “There is a time, however, when negotiations break down, and we are prepared to see this through to the end.”

The group had originally planned to present to the Board of Trustees in May, but University administrators redirected the proposal to the PSC in late April.

The PSC discusses whether proposals on specific investment responsibility concerns are valid and, if so, passes them on to the Advisory Committee on Investment Responsibility. The ACIR has the power to makes recommendations to President Richard Brodhead, who forwards them to the Board at his discretion. DukeOpen’s proposal would require PSC and ACIR to disclose their reports of direct endowment holdings—companies in which the University has a direct equity stake—to the Duke community.

Members of the student coalition objected to the redirection of the proposal, stating that it was inappropriate for PSC to be given the opportunity to deliberate on its own transparency.

The proposal ultimately did not continue through the full PSC process.

“This was not the type of request foreseen in the current policy on socially responsible investments by Duke and how concerns should be processed,” Provost Peter Lange, chair of PSC, wrote in a June 13 email that was obtained by The Chronicle.

Since concluding with PSC, DukeOpen has pushed to put the proposal be-

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fore Academic Council in an effort to understand the role that faculty might play in the proposal and to secure it on the agenda of the Trustees’ October meeting.

Academic Council chair Joshua Socolar declined to comment on specifics of the Council’s work with DukeOpen, but said Brodhead spoke to the Council’s Executive Committee about the proposal in early September.

Socolar said he has been in contact with the coalition’s leaders, who include Bobo Bose-Kolanu, a second-year doctoral student in literature; senior Lucas Spangher, a former columnist for The Chronicle; and senior Casey Williams, chair of The Chronicle’s independent editorial board, in addition to Tobia.

The possibility of a DukeOpen presentation at the October meeting of Academic Council has been discussed, Socolar noted, but it has not been officially scheduled.

The Academic Council’s October meeting convenes nearly three weeks after the Board of Trustees meeting.

DukeOpen was also discussed at the June and August meetings of the Board of Trustees’ Executive Committee, Riddell said.

“President Brodhead thinks the proposal by DukeOpen has merit,” Riddell wrote in an email Monday. “I expect him to take a proposal to the board in October proposing enhancements in Duke’s oversight of socially responsible investing.”

The group’s proposal centers on three objectives—for DUMAC to periodically make hard copies of direct endowment holdings to the Duke community on a time delay, to ensure regular meetings of ACIR and for DUMAC to maintain and promote a social choice fund that would allow donors to direct their

gifts to be invested in a socially responsible way.

The disclosures would be delayed several months after investments are made, and it would only be available as a hard copy that people could view in an office setting, according to a DukeOpen statement made available to The Chronicle.

The proposal additionally includes a plan for student involvement, in the form of three investment responsibility student analysts each semester who would collaborate with ACIR. The administration and DukeOpen have independently discussed the proposal with DUMAC. “We learned that no peer institutions that implement time-delayed hardcopyonly disclosure of direct investments have suffered because of it,” Bose-Kolanu wrote in an email Sunday, describing a meeting between DukeOpen and a DUMAC official whose name he declined to disclose. “We also learned that the financial risk posed by disclosing direct investments is minimal, and that time-delayed hardcopy-only mechanisms mitigate it.”

Among the institutions that disclose investments on a time delay are Dartmouth College and Yale University.

Riddell said Brodhead discussed the proposal with DUMAC’s Board of Directors in August and has additionally had multiple exchanges with Neal Triplett, president and CEO of DUMAC. DukeOpen was grateful to have recent meetings with senior administrators, Tobia said. Members of the group, however, are concerned that the process has potentially reached a roadblock.

“Reaching an appropriate compromise on transparency did not seem to be too important,” Spangher wrote in an email Sunday.

bird brains

from page 2

it would be much more sensible that the mammalian cortex is just one way of taking the exact same circuitry and packaging it differently.”

Understanding the sequence and process of evolution could help researchers understand developmental disabilities, he noted.

“If we understand how cells form in mammals compared to reptiles and birds, that might give us some insight into what the developmental sequences are at the molecular level,” Karten said.

“And if those steps are disrupted at the molecular level, it could explain the mechanisms for mental retardation.”

syria

from page 2

of a state were at conflict with each other or with the government.

“The world had rules for when one country invaded another, but not really for when one country was killing its own people,” Jentleson said.

After the first hour, the discussion opened to those in the audience, which consisted primarily of Duke students and members of the Durham community.

Maghraoui said that however the new regime would be structured, it would not resemble the old Syrian government.

A member of the audience brought up the possibility that the new regime would be heavily radicalized.

Maghraoui noted that the possibility of a highly radical regime replacing the current one is unlikely.

“My sense is that the radical elements are going to be excluded, that they are not going to be part of this,” he said.

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Athletes Freshman duo revitalizes Duke offense make the best fans MEN’S SOCCER

by Danielle Lazarus THE CHRONICLE

After a 2012 season in which Duke’s offense faltered, head coach John Kerr had one clear objective for his 2013 team.

“This season we’re really focused on getting goals from more guys on the field,” he said. “This recruiting class that’s coming in is huge for us.”

Kerr is right—each of his four freshmen has garnered significant playing time, especially forward Brody Huitema and midfielder Seo-In Kim. The duo has started in each of the Blue Devils’ seven games so far, and both have quickly become key components of the squad’s revitalized offense.

“I don’t want to think that just because I’m a freshman I can’t make an impact, same with Brody, Jimmy [Doll] and Jared [Golestani],” Kim said. “We can make an impact if we put our minds to it.”

But something is different about Huitema and Kim. Including Duke’s final exhibition game of the preseason, Huitema has scored four goals so far and Kim has assisted on three of them. A natural chemistry between the pair has allowed them to connect on the field, despite having only been teammates for a month. “[Kim] plays similarly to the wingers I’ve played with before,” Huitema said. “That makes it easy… because I know what he’s going to do, and I react before he does it.”

Kim’s reasoning for the connection between the freshmen, however, is a bit simpler.

“It’s a bromance,” he said.

2-1. Although freshman Brody Huitema notched his third goal in two games, Duke’s effort was not enough to pick up the win.

Using a loss to Syracuse to fuel the fire, the Blue Devils will make a concerted effort to maintain their intensity throughout the game against Wright State.

“I think everyone’s disappointed with how we performed on Friday night,” Kerr said. “That’s what’s motivating us right now.

I think we’ve got to dig deep and get after it. Tomorrow, if we score early, we want to score again and again and again.”

After going scoreless in his first five collegiate contests, Huitema’s emergence has added an additional dimension to Duke’s offensive attack. The freshman will play a key role again Tuesday night when his team takes on a physical defense that has racked up 72 fouls in its first five contests.

“Hopefully I’ll get opportunities,” Huitema said. “I just need to make

The most exciting sporting event at Duke on Saturday wasn’t the 58-55 football shootout at Wallace Wade, which was filled with three types of moments: oh-my-god-theyjust-blew-it-again, oh-my-god-JamisonCrowder-for-president and oh-my-god-I-can’tbelieve-Duke-is-still-in-this. The event was at Cameron Indoor Stadium, and basketball season hasn’t even started yet.

The honor belongs Duke volleyball team, which upset No. 16 Illinois in four sets Saturday evening. The key to the win: members of the baseball, wrestling and women’s basketball teams… in addition to flawless execution on the court from the members of the volleyball team.

The game started with six boisterous Illinois fans standing in Section 17, decked out in all orange and screaming their Fighting Illini heads off. It was about what you’d expect and nothing inappropriate or original: yelling while the Blue Devils served, belting out the Seven Nation Army riff, etc. To their credit, they were louder than the several hundred Duke fans in attendance. With Cameron Indoor’s amplifying acoustics, six guys can be shockingly loud. And the Fighting Illini pulled out the first set 25-19, with Illinois seeming to take every long rally with dazzling digs and sizzling spikes.

In between the first and second sets, a number of the Duke athletes in attendance took action. After spending the first set scattered throughout the arena, they all moved down to Section 17 and completely surrounded those six Illinois fans in a sea of blue. If six people can make Cameron loud, 50 or so can make it way louder. The baseball team appeared to be the crew that rolled the deepest, and they were joined by a few wrestlers and women’s basketball players, including notables such as Chelsea Gray and Amber Henson. Even a few Duke football players came by: Brandon Braxton had just spent his afternoon catching five passes for 97 yards and a touchdown in a game that looked like it was more Madden 25 than actual football and still managed to make it. (Also worth noting: Crazy Towel Guy was there.

He actually makes his way to a lot of non-basketball games, but I don’t think most people recognize him unless he’s sitting in Section 7, Row G, Seat 8 and waving a towel crazily.)

That crew of Duke fans completely drowned out those six Illinois fans for the rest of the match and the Blue Devils pulled out the next three sets. All of the long rallies that Illinois grinded out in the first set, Duke eked

See M. SOCCER, page 9

See BEATON, page 8

Andrew Beaton

YUYI LI/THE CHRONICLE

Along with forward Brody Huitema, freshman midfielder Seo-In Kim has played a crucial role in Duke’s offensive success early in the season.

Huitema and Kim’s paths to becoming Blue Devils were similar, albeit in different countries. Huitema, a native of Chilliwack, British Colombia, trained with the Vancouver Whitecaps of the MLS from the time he was 16. Originally born in Sung’nam, South Korea, Kim grew up in the Midwest and was a member of Sporting Kansas City’s development program.

Kerr contacted the Whitecaps expressing his interest in Huitema early on in the recruitment process. The striker was touted as a pure goal scorer to recruiters after

tallying 23 goals in 25 contests during his junior season—exactly what Kerr needed for his struggling Blue Devils.

“I really enjoyed my time with the team [during recruitment],” Huitema said. “It felt like it was a real group of team players whereas other schools where I visited were more fake. They had a plan set out here and it just felt right.”

Kim, however, didn’t even consider Duke until later in the process, when See FRESHMEN, page 8

MEN’S SOCCER

Duke gets a break from ACC play

by Madeline Carrington THE CHRONICLE

CHRIS DIECKHAUS/THE CHRONICLE

After going up a goal early in the second half, Duke’s defense allowed back-to-back tallies to fall to Syracuse.

Following a tough loss to Syracuse Friday, Duke will look to rebound during a break in ACC play against a Wright State squad that has not competed against the Blue Devils in more than 15 years.

Duke will look to Wright St. snag a nonconference victory in between two demandvs. ing ACC opponents Duke Tuesday night as it hosts the Raiders at TUESDAY, 7 p.m.

Koskinen Stadium Koskinen Stadium 7 p.m.

“We’ve got to bounce back,” head coach John Kerr said. “We’ve reflected over the past few days on what we need to improve on, and most of all it’s the attitude and the kind of preparation going in. We have to be less loosey-goosey and more focused.”

Against Syracuse, the Blue Devils (3-22) squandered a second-half lead and fell

FRESHMEN

from page 7

Kansas City U18 head coach Jon Parry— an old friend of Kerr’s—suggested the Blue Devils to the midfielder.

“Initially I wasn’t even planning on coming here,” he said. “But I loved… the upperclassmen and I just felt very wanted from the coaches. I knew when I came in I was going to have a lot of fun.”

But Kim didn’t have fun immediately, with a grueling preseason to endure before seeing any game action. He came off the bench in his first scrimmage in Duke blue, registering a foul in 64 minutes of play.

“Preseason was definitely tiring,” Kim said. “We had two-a-days, and between those times I was honestly just sleeping. But it was hard work that was necessary for us to be successful.”

Huitema, meanwhile, didn’t get a chance to practice with the Blue Devils before taking the field with them. As a member of the Canadian U18 national team, Huitema spent most of his August playing in the COTIF U20 Tournament in Spain.

After Canada placed fourth, Huitmea returned home the day before Duke’s final exhibition game and arrived in Durham the day of the match.

Despite any jet lag or exhaustion, Huitema got right into the swing of things, registering a goal against Old Dominion—assisted by Kim. “I jumped right into it,” Huitema said.

“Everyone here is so talented, so it’s not that different as playing with the national team.”

But going into the regular season, neither Huitema nor Kim could find the back

The Chronicle

www.dukechroniclesports.com www.dukechronicle.com

8 | TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

of the net. In the first five games of the season, Huitema led the team with 19 shots but came away without a goal. Meanwhile, the Blue Devils’ offense was still struggling, only scoring multiple goals once. “[Huitema] didn’t score in the first five games of his career… but he was causing havoc,” Kerr said. “We knew he was going to score goals, it was just a matter of time of him getting into the groove.”

Naturally, it was Kim who helped Huitema find his groove. With Duke down 2-0 Sept. 17 against Davidson, Kim was awarded a corner kick and lobbed the ball to the far post. Huitema, who was positioned there, headed the ball into the goal to cut the Blue Devils’ deficit in half.

The duo’s magic didn’t stop there. Duke tied the game in the 87th minute, but went back-and-forth with the Wildcats for most of the first overtime until Kim broke down the left side of the field and found Huitema. The forward beat the goalkeeper to secure the victory for the Blue Devils.

“There are just some players you play with, and you don’t have to know them a long time but you get a knack for how they play,” Kim said. “I play with Brody and I don’t really have to think. It’s a good thing when you have that chemistry together.”

Yet Huitema and Kim both say that their strong relationship on the field is due in part to their bromance off the field. The self-proclaimed jokesters spend much of their time together, which allows them to play their best when they step on the pitch.

“We mess around a lot,” Kim said. “But when we’re on the field, it’s business time….

For us to add to the score sheet as two freshmen, I think that’s pretty amazing.”

DAYOU ZHUO/THE CHRONICLE

A little crowd presence at a smaller sporting event can make a monumental difference, writes columnist Andrew Beaton.

BEATON

from page 7

out the rest of the match.

This isn’t to credit the fans with winning the game. Elizabeth Campbell had 23 kills, nine more than anybody on Illinois. Jeme Obeime had 16 kills and spikes the ball with the power of 1,000 suns and Misty May-Treanor combined. I would rather be tackled by Sydney Sarmiento than face the fury of her spikes. Ali McCurdy—who is already Duke’s all-time leader in digs—and Sasha Karelov seemed to make an acrobatic dig on every single play.

They won the game on the court, and the impact of fans at most sporting events is minimal, if that effect exists at all. The athletes deserve 99.9 percent of the credit for a pretty awesome win.

But this column is about fans, and even if what the Duke student-athlete-fans did had

no effect on the outcome, it was still pretty cool. It should be noted, athletes supporting other athletes is nothing new. The basketball players make their way to almost every football game and a number of other sporting events, and a few of them, including Rodney Hood, were at for the volleyball match. The volleyball players were sitting in the front row at the football game only a few hours earlier.

The initiative the athletes took Saturday, though, really stood out. Not that I ever played sports in front of a crowd that included anything more than parents, half of whom were doing crossword puzzles, but I imagine it really stinks to play in your home arena while the opposing fans are louder.

Try going to a volleyball game or soccer match if you have a time because as fun as it is to be a Cameron Crazie at a men’s basketball game, you really can have your voice heard at a non-revenue sport. After all, it only takes six fans to get rowdy.

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The Chronicle

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M. SOCCER from page 7

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 | 9

NOTHING

sure I focus on them and finish them.”

Though a consistent offense remains a priority for Duke, Tuesday’s match will provide an opportunity to sure up the play of the Blue Devils’ back line, which looks to the two second-half goals it allowed against the Orange to identify room for improvement.

“I think we’re a little disappointed with some of the goals we let Syracuse and some of the other teams score,” senior midfielder Rob Dolot said. “We felt like there were things multiple people could have done to prevent those goals.”

Although the Raiders (1-3-1) are unranked, they will certainly test Duke throughout the match. Kerr noted Wright State’s 0-0 stalemate against Ohio State earlier this month as an example of the team’s potential.

Like the Blue Devils, Wright State is coming off a disappointing result as well.

The Raiders fell to Northern Kentucky 2-1 Friday at home.

Dolot said that a solid performance against Wright State will set the Blue Devils up to compete with a top-ranked Notre Dame squad Friday evening.

OPEN COSMIC th 9 STREET later than

DAYOU ZHUO/THE CHRONICLE

Duke remains winless in conference play after a loss to Syracuse, but has a chance to rebound against Wright State.

“We’re just looking to build off of it,” he said. “Hopefully getting a good victory over Wright State. We’ve got Notre Dame on Friday so, even though we’re thinking of Wright State first, hopefully the game will serve as a springboard to the ACC game.”

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57 Magician’s assistant in an audience, say 58 Supposed inventor of baseball … or a hint to 17-, 26-, 36- and 50-Across 61 Hollywood’s Davis

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DOWN 1 Severe disrepute 2 “I haven’t the foggiest” 3 Bringer of peace 4 Medium for Van Dyck or van Gogh 5 Counterparts of columns 6 High wind?

7 Word said with a salute 8 Request 9 Helen Keller’s portrayer in “The Miracle Worker” 10 “This way” indicator 11 Attacked anonymously 12 Stiffen through ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE nervousness Y A K S L E A P E R A M P 13 Ring king A D A M A L P I N E G E E 18 Couple O M N I P O P P Y S E E D S 23 ___ Poke (candy) O G R E S L E A X O U T S N A K E E Y E S R I N S E 25 Holocaust hero Schindler F I R O D E D O G E A R 26 Fixing, as the O S O S A E R A T E bottom of a H O N O R S T U D E N T S skirt O R A T O R T R I M 27 Press ___ (media packet) T R A C E D A S A A D A H E R O S W A L L P A P E R 29 General on Chinese menus E C O N B A G I P O D S C A M E R A F I L M R O L L 30 Part of H.M.S. O N A O R E L S E T O I T 33 Auto safety feature, W T S B E R E T S A R P S redundantly

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T h e i n d e p e n d e n T d a i ly aT d u k e u n i v e r s i T y

The Chronicle

“

students should consider Dukeopen’s aims For the past nine months, DukeOpen, a student group, has petitioned senior administrators to increase the transparency of Duke’s endowment and promote socially responsible investment practices. Although we take issue with a few areas of DukeOpen’s platform, we commend the group’s overall goals and, in particular, its well-reasoned and moderate stance. In 2004, The University’s Guidelines on Socially Responsible Investing established the Advisory Committee on Investment Responsibility and gave the Board of Trustees the power to instruct DUMAC, the University’s endowment manager, to take appropriate action, such as divestment, if specific investments are deemed ethically questionable. The DukeOpen platform is threefold: to ensure regular meetings of ACIR, to establish a “social choice fund” that donors can opt into and, most importantly, to increase endowment transparency for the Duke community. The first point makes sense. In its almost decade-long existence, ACIR has convened only twice and is required to meet only on an ad hoc basis.

Quarterly or annual meetings would allow ACIR to actively monitor the endowment’s portfolio and keep Board members up to date while minimizing administrative burden. The call for a “social choice fund”—a portion of the endowment contributions

marked for socially responsible investments—begs the question of the endowment’s primary purpose.

According to the guidelines, the Board’s primary fiduciary responsibility in overseeing the University’s investments is to maximize returns subject to riskexposure constraints. This is an incredibly important

Editorial responsibility, given that many of Duke’s most valuable features are funded by returns on the endowment.

But these guidelines also rightfully acknowledge that the Board can and should take ethical considerations into account when approving investment choices.

The existence of a social choice fund, especially if it is actively advertised to donors, would go a long way toward the goal of ethical investment. While DukeOpen’s research shows that socially responsible asset classes do not suffer from systematically lower returns, this subject should be studied further. We also want additional clarity as to which investments qualify as “socially responsible.” Transparency, however, is DukeOpen’s primary goal. The anatomy of the University’s investment portfolio is complex and strategically important, so disclosure of indirect

I hope Alex pursues legal action. Hitting a kid in a wheelchair and his service puppy, and not even bothering to get out of the car, is absolutely vile.

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Danielle Muoio, Editor Sophia DuranD, Managing Editor raiSa chowDhury, News Editor Daniel carp, Sports Editor Sophia palenberg, Photography Editor Scott briggS, Editorial Page Editor caSey williaMS, Editorial Board Chair jiM poSen, Director of Online Operations Kelly Scurry, Managing editor for online chriSSy becK, General Manager eMMa baccellieri, University Editor elizabeth DjiniS, Local & National Editor anthony hagouel, Health & Science Editor julia May, News Photography Editor KelSey hopKinS, Design Editor lauren feilich, Recess Editor eliza bray, Recess Photography Editor MouSa alShanteer, Editorial Page Managing Editor aShley Mooney, Towerview Editor jennie Xu, Towerview Photography Editor KriStie KiM, Social Media Editor lauren carroll, Senior Editor anDrew luo, News Blog Editor Matt barnett, Multimedia Editor rebecca DicKenSon, Advertising Director Mary weaver, Operations Manager Megan Mcginity, Digital Sales Manager

investments—such as those actively managed by hedge funds—is not feasible. Direct investments in companies are arguably less strategically sensitive.

Dartmouth College offers a time-delayed, hard copy disclosure of its direct investments, and Duke should implement a similar practice. Although it is unclear that students have an intrinsic right to know how Duke’s money is invested, the University would be better off if students and faculty had limited access to this information. First, students and faculty collectively have more specialized expertise—and more time and energy to act on it—than ACIR or the Board.

Second, more transparency can only serve to raise the standard of discourse in divestment debates. In the past, student-led divestment movements have relied on stylized facts about entire industries. With partial disclosure, more company-specific complaints could be raised. We see no reason why some incarnation of DukeOpen’s vision should not be implemented.

Students should see endowment transparency as more than a campus issue: Soon enough, we may be donating to Duke, and we should lay the groundwork to responsibly support our University.

Board Chair Casey Williams recused himself because he is a member of DukeOpen.

Kosmopolites

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Est. 1905

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10 | TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

carleigh StiehM, University Editor georgia parKe, Local & National Editor tony Shan, Health & Science Editor eric lin, Sports Photography Editor rita lo, Design Editor jaMie KeSSler, Recess Managing Editor thanh-ha nguyen, Online Photo Editor Matt pun, Sports Managing Editor caitlin MoyleS, Towerview Editor Dillon patel, Towerview Creative Director julian Spector, Special Projects Editor chelSea pieroni, Multimedia Editor glen rivKeeS, Director of Online Operations yeShwanth KanDiMalla, Recruitment Chair julia May, Recruitment Chair barbara StarbucK, Creative Director

the chronicle is published by the Duke Student publishing company, inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke university. the opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke university, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. to reach the editorial office at 301 flowers building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. to reach the business office at 2022 campus Drive call 684-3811. to reach the advertising office at 2022 campus Drive call 684-3811

I

n 412 B.C., Diogenes of Sinope, the founder of the Greek Cynic movement, was asked where he came from. His response, “I am a citizen of the world [kosmopolitês],” founded the ethical framework of cosmopolitanism. The central tenant of cosmopolitanism is that all humans belong to a culturally diverse world community that ascribes to a common set of moral, political and economic ideologies. Martha Nussbaum writes of the Greek Stoic conception of cosmopolitanism: “Each human being dwells in two communities— the local community of our birth, and the community of human argument and aspiration.”

Cosmopolitanism has guided my own policy views, especially in regards to immigration. A policy is ethically justified if it correlates with the ideals of the world community—ideals that are decided through a democratic process with the world as the constituents. Human rights and justice come from humanity’s commitment to universal respect and hospitality, and that commitment is solidified through international laws.What do you think?

In 1795, Immanuel Kant outlined the first legal order for cosmopolitanism in an essay titled, “Perpetual Peace.” Kant argued that perpetual peace could be achieved if the world subscribed, with a league of nations as the enforcer, to a set of common principles and rules. The rules implored nations to abolish standing armies, end economic sanctions and avoid divisive methods in war—like assassinations, inhumane weapons, etc.—and required all states to have republican constitutions.

Although Kant’s rules were never adopted, they did influence the founding principles of the League of Nations and eventually the United Nations. The United Nations is a good modern-day example of cosmopolitanism: Its resolutions and decrees aim to represent humanity’s universal ideals.

Some versions of cosmopolitanism encourage the establishment of a world state, but my take on cosmopolitanism does not go so far. The world order should be an institution powerful enough to enforce universal principles, but it should not be a despotic universal government.

There must still be some state sovereignty within the system in order to check the authority of the world order. Embedded in this idea is support for immigration reform. I do not endorse open borders, but I do support lessening current worldwide restrictions on immigration. All states should evaluate immigration applications on the basis of need—not ethnicity, skill level or educational background. We should promote consistent immigration law across all states so as to better prevent instances of human trafficking and support claims for asylum. Some states might object to fewer restrictions—fearing a subsequent influx of immigration, so states should only be

obligated to accept immigrants until they reach ‘capacity,’ as defined by the world order. This capacity might be defined in terms of resources, like the availability of housing or employment.

Patrick Oathout realpolitik with patrick

Cosmopolitanism is appealing to deontologists because it is founded upon the idea that universal principles exist and should be enforced. For consequentialists, cosmopolitanism is appealing because it encourages individuals to follow rules that, more often than not, produce good outcomes.

For environmental issues, cosmopolitanism would overcome previously plagued attempts to curb carbon emissions. Even as the United States attempts to curb its own burgeoning carbon emissions, developing nations have racked up their emissions in pursuit of growth. If the world subscribed to cosmopolitanism, there would be a mutual agreement to curb carbon emissions with universal participation. A world order could punish nations that deviated from the commitment. It could also ensure that no nation bears the brunt of energy reform and that the burden of cutting fossil fuels is spread equally.

Perhaps the biggest criticism of cosmopolitanism is that nationalism and patriotism are strong, valued and virtuous traits. Many individuals would refuse to join a cosmopolitan world fearing diminished sovereignty and the potential amalgamation of human culture. My brand of cosmopolitanism, however, does not call for subscription to a world culture. I, along with other philosophers, affirm quite the opposite: I ask the citizens of the world to recognize and affirm the differences between peoples while concurrently accepting a set of universal norms.

With the advent of technological connectivity, our perceived notions of nationalism have expanded. Our world was once defined by nationstates, but cross-cultural exchange has exposed us to different paradigms. Over time, different groups of people have come to realize that—while they may look, act and sound different—at their cores, they are all the same. All humans love, fear, fight, rejoice and dream. It has taken us a long time to realize it, but we already are citizens of the world. Clearly, Diogenes was ahead of his time.

Patrick Oathout is a Trinity senior. His column runs every other Tuesday. Send Patrick a message on Twitter @PatrickOathout.

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TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 | 11

Have i changed?

“

When did you change?!” My hometown friend almost shouted the question at me. She and I grew up in the same church back home.

We co-led our youth group and went on at least 6,000 retreats. She knows where I come from— geographically and personally, culturally and spiritually. If I’ve changed, she’d be the one to see it.

I looked in a mirror the next day and found myself staring at a stereotype: close-cropped hair, freshly shaven face, Duke-blue dress shirt and khaki Polo shorts. I was forced to confront a troubling question: What happened to all those baggy cargo shorts and wrinkled t-shirts that I carried into Randolph dorm two years ago? When did I start wearing dress shirts to class? Heavens to Betsy… have I turned preppy?

The night before, I had squeezed myself into the back row of an auditorium packed with alternatively eager- and desperate-looking upperclassmen. We were all there for a corporate recruiting presentation, and not just any corporate recruiting presentation: this was a “Big Three” strategy consulting firm. My attendance raised more questions: What do consultants actually do all day? Am I a sellout if I’m interested in consulting, even if I somewhat ironically became interested because of my DukeEngage project?

How did my nature-loving, groupthink-defying, supposedly countercultural self end up in that auditorium?

The next day I went to my econ class taught by Michael Munger, the libertarian professor who preaches market economics like born-again Baptists preach Jesus’ salvation. I found myself listening attentively as he explained that profits come from voluntary exchanges that improve the welfare of both buyer and seller. So, profits are a good thing: Trade benefits both parties and naturally produces profits as a byproduct, even if they’re shared unevenly. My do-gooder, nonprofit-oriented self of two years ago would never have entertained the thought that profits could be good—after all, they all go to those evil corporations. (I don’t think I’m exaggerating here.)

After class, I asked Munger what he thinks about Walmart. He praised the mega-retailer for doing business more efficiently than small firms and, thus, allowing people, especially poor people, to get more things they want and need. (He did bring up the company’s undeniable imperfections, like the 1.5 million-woman class action lawsuit alleging systematic gender discrimination. And then there are the bribes paid to government officials by Wal-Mart de Mexico, which the New York Times called “an aggressive and creative corrupter.”) I felt perturbed that I couldn’t field a decent argument about the chain’s negative impacts. Am I drifting from my liberal roots? Will I someday join the endless stream of Blue Devils who earnestly call themselves “economically conservative but socially liberal” like they were all the first person to ever come up with such a novel

AfricAid

position?

When we finished talking, I walked over to the East Campus bus stop, from which I could see Randolph dorm and think back to freshman year.

I entered Duke after a great relationship during my gap year. Earlier, my high school best friend and I dated for well over a year. At Duke, I’ve had one good but relatively short relationship. I consider myself a boyfriend type. I actually LIKE commitment. So why only one relationship in two

I

n Sub-Saharan Africa, Barack Obama is not much of a political figure. In fact, he’s much more than a political figure. To see a man with a Kenyan father hold one of the most powerful positions in the world is empowering, especially in a world where success traditionally belongs to white Westerners and, increasingly, to the businessmen and businesswomen of the East. Obama has become an icon for the continent; he’s a t-shirt slogan and is idolized by teenagers. When it comes to policies, however, citizens of African nations are either disappointed—as demonstrated by the protests in Johannesburg this past summer—or ambivalent. Often people are tempted to

Andrew Kragie

Lydia Thurman

elevator pitch

this one time in africa

years? Maybe it’s because undergrads here go on dates about as often as our football team goes to bowl games. Or maybe it’s because I’ve become so wrapped up in my own grades and growth that I won’t make the time for a significant other. There isn’t room in my color-coded Google calendar for romance.

These tales of junior-year angst might sound like a superficial mid-college crisis. But I’m telling them to better articulate that nagging question: Have I changed?

I guess I have changed. But at the same time, I’m still my old self. I still laugh when my friends make bad puns, and I still love it when girls laugh at my bad puns. I still go to church every week, although it’s with Methodists rather than my childhood Episcopalians. I still value community service and helping people to help themselves. I still go camping whenever I can. I still have this curiosity about the people around me and the world around us. I still talk with my family all the time. I still prefer the hard copy of the newspaper to the web site, because I’m still an old fogey at heart. I still love Spanish and anything related to Latin America. I still think dachshunds are the most perfect dog breed God ever placed on this earth. So there are a lot of ways, big and small, that I’ve stayed the same.

And some of the ways I have changed are definite improvements; my time at Duke has deepened aspects of my identity that I most value.

I’ve become a better listener, question-asker and writer. I’ve found service opportunities on campus, in Durham and in Latin America. I’ve studied the New Testament and spent a week at a desert monastery. I spent fully 10 percent of 2012 with PWILD, hiking and being outdoorsy. And last fall, I met a beautiful girl named Gracie.

So yes, I guess I have changed. And I might change some more. But maybe these changes aren’t so bad, if I stay committed to the things that matter most. Like Gracie—who, by the way, is a dachshund.

Andrew Kragie is a Trinity junior. His column runs every other Tuesday.

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ask, “What policies?” What do you think? But with President Obama’s trip to Africa this past June and July, his administration seems to be making a concerted effort to change that. Speaking to a crowd in Johannesburg, Obama produced a plan to spend $7 billion on bringing clean energy to un-electrified areas in six countries hand-picked for their good governance: Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria and Tanzania. American companies like General Electric have committed to contribute an additional $9 billion towards projects that, over the next five years, can provide hundreds of megawatts to these nations. There are many things to be said about international aid and investments, like this program, as well as many questions to be asked.

The first and foremost might be: “Why?” Aid programs are a headache, and, time and time again, development projects have failed after external impetus for change didn’t encourage internal change.

There is no moral obligation on the part of the United States to engage in each and every circumstance of inadequate welfare. But aid done right is mutually beneficial. There’s often a stigma against gain on the part of the donor in aid relationships, but if an aid program is capable of stimulating the recipient nation’s economy and providing the donor with enhanced diplomatic relations or economic benefits of their own, then that is a positive thing. This is not to say that donor nations should exploit the natural resources of developing countries, but, rather, that there is room for a non-exploitative behavior and domestic economic advantages. Aid programs encourage diplomacy, or at the very least dialogue, and in a continent like Africa, where the breadth of cultures and politics is enormous and unique, it would only serve the United States well to establish relationships with these countries. I think it’s incredibly valuable, then, that President Obama has asserted in the past few months that the nations of Africa are more than open hands to drop money into and, rather, partners that should be invested in. But in the time it took the United States to look to Africa as more than a “one and done” mission trip destination, other nations have come to the table with their own justifications for donation. Despite the United States explicitly holding its position as the world’s biggest donor, many other nations outshine the United States in terms of a relationship with the nations of sub-Saharan Africa. If you turn on the BBC, you’re far more likely to find a story analyzing the differences between Indian and Chinese investment in African nations than any story about the United States in the area.

Chinese investors, whether they’re government agencies or corporations, use economics as a justification for their foreign investment practices. Take a country like Uganda, where American relations are particularly limited because of the present state of corruption. The Chinese government is engaged in the construction of a toll highway along one of the most popular routes, from the southeast half of the country to the airport—a route that will save commuters several hours of travel time and quite a bit of fuel money. Ugandan marketplaces are flooded with Chinese-made electronics, from solar panels to cell phones. This infusion of Chinese money doesn’t come in an aid bundle nor does it bring any goals of broad social change, but what it does do is provide previously unavailable services and even jobs. The United States is in a good position moving forward; our president is already a strong role model. We have the resources. And I would prompt policy-makers to go a step further in establishing these sorts of relationships now and say this: Don’t discriminate. It’s often the case that those countries without the good governance records and anti-corruption efforts of Tanzania or Ghana are those that are the most severely underdeveloped. The countries that were absent from the Obamas’ visit could use some alternatives to the current infrastructures for development, which, as the president has asserted, are less than effective and less than fair. The foundation of good governance is often a well-educated and vocal middle class, and growing economic opportunities could foster just that. Throwing money into a sinkhole accomplishes nothing, but there is gray area between excluding a country from an aid and investment program and handing them a blank check. Aid is a powerful thing that deserves to be more than a publicity stunt, and I hope that President Obama’s interest in renewing relationships with the nations of Africa is one that doesn’t wane as he serves the last three years of his presidency.

Lydia Thurman is a Trinity junior. Her biweekly column will run every other Tuesday. Send Lydia a message on Twitter @ThurmanLydia.

12 | TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

September 24 - 30

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Duke Theater Previews New Works Lab presents

Duke Theater Previews New Works Lab presents

Exhibitions

Recording the Anthropocene. Have we entered a new geologic epoch defined by the environmental impact of humanity? Thru October 13. Perkins Library Gallery. Free.

Doris Duke’s Shangri La: Architecture, Landscape and Islamic Art. An intimate look at Doris Duke and her Honolulu estate, featuring selections from her Islamic art collection. Thru December 29. Nasher Museum of Art. Lines of Control: Partition as a Productive Space. An exhibition exploring the creation and maintenance of borders.

Thru February 2. Nasher Museum of Art.

Events

September 24 Talk/Book Signing. One Place. Presentation by editor/MFA dir. Tom Rankin, and UNC folklorist/historian William Ferris.

12:30pm. Center for the Study of the American South, UNCChapel Hill. Free.

September 25 Film. La Salsa Cubana (2013). Documentary about a dance group from the outskirts of Havana striving to win the Cuban national dance competition. Introduced by Prof. Andrea Woods Valdés.

Presented by the NC Latin American Film Festival. 7pm. 240 John Hope Franklin Center. Free.

September 26 Film. Reflections Unheard: Black Women in Civil Rights (2013).

Documentary about the marginalization of black women in the Black Power and Feminist Movements. Discussion w/ dir./ producer Nev Nnaji. 6pm. Smith Warehouse, FHI Garage. Free.

The Narrowing. A premiere of a new play conceived and directed by Ellen Hemphill of the Theater Studies faculty, written by Ellen Hemphill and Nor Hall with video design by Jim Haverkamp and music by Allison Leyton-Brown. 8pm. 539 Foster Street. Tickets: http://www.brownpapertickets.com/ event/451163

Let Us Now Praise Susan Sontag

by Sibyl Kempson with composer Ashley Turba & choreographer David Neumann

September 27 Fresh Docs. Screening of work-in-progress documentary film TBD. 7pm. Full Frame Theater, American Tobacco Campus. Free.

Panel Discussion. Islamic art, religion and history. Moderated by miriam cooke, Braxton Craven Professor of Arab Cultures at Duke, with panelists Glaire Anderson, associate professor of art history at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Imam Abdullah Antepli, Muslim chaplain at Duke; and Judith Ernst, artist and writer. Reception follows. 7pm. Nasher Museum of Art. Free.

The Narrowing. (See Sept. 26) 8pm.

September 28 Chapel Choir Alumni Reunion Concert. In celebration of Homecoming Weekend, the Chapel Choir will perform Faure’s Requiem, and other favorite anthems. 8pm. Duke Chapel. Free.

The Narrowing. (See Sept. 26) 8pm.

September 29 The Narrowing. (See Sept. 26) matinee 2pm.

Faculty Recital. Rebecca Troxler, flute; Barbara Krumdieck, cello; Elaine Funaro, harpsichord. Baroque works by Telemann, J.S. Bach, Rameau, and others. 3pm. Nelson Music Room, East Duke Bldg. Free.

Screen/Society

All events are free and open to the general public. Unless otherwise noted, screenings are at 7pm in the Griffith Film Theater, Bryan Center. (N) = Nasher Museum Auditorium. (FC) = Franklin Center, room 240. (W) = Richard White Auditorium. All events subject to change.

9/25 La Salsa Cubana (FC) NC Latin American Film Festival 9/30 Something in the Air (Après Mai)‎ [35mm] Tournées French Film Festival

ami.duke.edu/screensociety/schedule

SEPTEMBER 27 &27 28 AT PM SEPTEMBER & 828 SHEAFER THEATER, BRYAN CENTER

8 admission PM Free

SHEAFER THEATER BRYAN CENTER Free Admission This message is brought to you by the Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies, Center for Documentary Studies, Chapel Music, Duke Dance Program, Duke Music Department, Duke Performances, Nasher Museum of Art, Duke University Libraries, Screen/Society, Department of Theater Studies with support from the Office of the Vice Provost for the Arts.