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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

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ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 1

PRECEDENTED A note from The Chronicle’s editor-in-chief

By Leah Boyd June 2, 2021 “Unprecedented times.”

We’ve seen that phrase a lot this year— in emails from professors, on the news, in conversations with friends. I don’t know about you, but I feel like I’ve heard it a time too many. It’s a constant reminder that my last time of normalcy was hopping on a plane home for spring break as a first-year. Flash forward to now, and I’ll sign this editor’s note as a Pratt junior.

I can confidently say that much has changed over the last year, both for me and in my communities. But there’s one thing that has never wavered, and that’s The Chronicle.

Throughout the summer, we covered various plans for the 2020-21 year as information about the fall semester continued to unravel. We highlighted the voices of international students after new policies threatened to revoke their visa statuses and of DACA students who looked anxiously at their futures. We covered local protests against racism and police brutality and showed how student groups stepped up to join the fight.

We documented the journey of COVID-19 on campus. While we were fortunate enough to have a successful fall semester due to a strong surveillance testing program, the spring featured grim COVID-19 numbers that forced us to shelter-in-place for a week, which Duke attributed to off-campus fraternity rush events.

Speaking of, we followed the creation of the Durham Interfraternity Council in the spring, as nine of Duke’s fraternities disaffiliated from the University. We also were there to cover the housing and rush policies that they say caused them to break with Duke, as well as the movement to abolish Greek life at the University altogether.

Because this year wasn’t hectic enough, we were also there to tell the story of the 2020 election cycle. We shared live updates from the community as results remained unclear and covered students’ reactions—including dancing in the Durham streets—when Joe Biden was announced victorious.

And while Duke held us to a high standard with the Duke Compact during the school year, we held them accountable as well. We pressed administrators about dropping the ball in Duke’s implementation of new Title IX policies. After a racist incident in Brown dorm, we talked to students about their frustration with how administrators handled it. After an insensitive email from Sanford,

we spoke to students who were “disappointed but not surprised.”

We also got to speak to administrators directly about their thoughts, including two Q&As with President Vincent Price and a sit-down chat with Daniel Ennis, Duke’s new executive vice president.

We’re not only here to tell University stories. We saw how groups came together to protect Durham tenants from eviction.

We checked in on local restaurants and other small businesses as the pandemic raged on.

We captured the fear of students on the West Coast as wildfires turned the skies orange and as the COVID-19 situation in India turned dire during a second wave.

The news cycle was chaotic this year, but we always still find time to have fun in The Chronicle. You’ll certainly almost always find something on the TV, whether it’s Jeopardy or a sports game. We get Cookout milkshakes and try to set the record for the longest office ping pong rally. If you’re in news, you’ll infiltrate the sports hall to play HORSE on their basketball net, and if you’re in sports, you’ll invade the news hall to steal snacks.

You also don’t need any prior experience to join us, and except for the opinion section, none of the sections require an application.

Our sports department covers the highs and lows of all 27 Blue Devil teams in the NCAA. We triumphed as teams such as women’s golf, softball and men’s lacrosse made impressive tournament runs and reflected on a disappointing men’s basketball season that didn’t earn us a spot in March Madness. But our sports writers do more than just cover games: they follow athletes as they make impacts in their communities, including standing up for racial justice. You may even get to talk to Jay Bilas, like our writers did as they made a fantasy draft with every Duke men’s basketball player ever.

The opinion section allows you to start and contribute to conversations in the community.

The sky’s the limit: you can tell personal stories, share your takes on issues that matter to you or even write about trees. Have a knack for humor? Apply to be Monday Monday, our anonymous satire columnist. You can also join the Community Editorial Board, where you’ll work with other students to shape campus discourse and reflect on relevant happenings.

Even if you don’t want to regularly contribute to the opinion section, you or your organization can still submit guest columns or letters to the editor and make your voice heard.

Have you watched—or not watched—a cool show or movie lately? Raving about a new album? Missing Y2K fashion trends? Maybe

We’re open for you chapel.duke.edu

you just had the best scoop of ice cream you could ever imagine. Consider writing for Recess, our arts & culture section. With its three sections—campus, local and culture— you can dive into the arts however you want, from covering groups on campus to reviewing the biggest Blockbuster movies.

A picture is worth 1,000 words. Even if you’re not interested in writing, consider joining our photography department. You can help craft photo essays and visually tell stories about the community. Our photographers got to capture John Legend at the Commencement ceremony, Bernie Sanders at a campaign rally and failed bench burning efforts. (And psst, want to get into basketball games? You can by photographing them.) If you’d rather use a stylus than a camera, you can also join our graphics department and create colorful visuals to make stories pop or try your hand at Photoshop.

We’re a digital-first media organization, so even if photos or graphics aren’t your thing, how about videos, podcasts or social media? Film a video profile of a Duke Student Government president candidate. Grab a friend, sit down and talk about basketball, the environment or life through the window of a C1 bus. Help us curate meaningful and fun content on Instagram, or hey, even help us start a TikTok. What if you can’t pick just one section?

Luckily, you don’t need to. Snap some photos while writing about campus news that matters to you. Drop in to review that awesome movie you watched after you finished covering a men’s lacrosse game. Your Chronicle experience is what you make of it.

As I mentioned earlier, The Chronicle has been there for me since I came to Duke.

It’s given me a place to write stories, talk to campus icons, uplift voices and dive into issues that matter to me. The role it has played in my life and the love for the people I do it with

Aaron Zhao

has never changed—in fact, it’s only grown.

And while The Chronicle is a constant for me, there’s one defining feature of it that won’t be the same as it was in March 2020.

You may have seen my column about how we will no longer be producing a regular print product. While we’ll still have some special editions, such as our back to school, rivalry week and graduation issues, you won’t be able to find a new paper on the shelves in the Bryan Center or in your dorm each week. (Check out my column on our website for a deeper dive into this decision and how we plan to go forward. And my sappy musings.)

I’m confident in my decision but nervous for this change. But like Volume 116 Editorin-Chief Matthew Griffin wrote last year, we’re not going anywhere. When I ran for editor-inchief, I made a promise to uplift voices that want to be heard. To curate content that makes a difference. To cover happenings in Durham and better understand the role Duke plays in our community. To celebrate Duke’s successes but also stand up to her when I know she can do better. I promised to not settle, and by not having a regular print paper, we’ll have the time and resources to raise the bar even higher.

In 2020, we titled our send-home paper Resilient, and we were right. Sure, times are unprecedented, but the ability of the Duke community to adapt, to graduate, to triumph, to come together, to be resilient, no matter the circumstances—that is precedented.

And print or no print, together in the 301 Flowers office or scattered across the globe, March Madness or NIT, we’ll be there for it all.

Leah Boyd is a Pratt junior and editor-inchief of The Chronicle’s 117th volume. Email her at leah.boyd@duke.edu with any questions or concerns about the lack of a Chronicle TikTok.

2 | TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

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‘A lot of anger and a lot of

RESENTMENT’

By Jake Sheridan and Rebecca Torrence March 22, 2021

What fraternity disaffiliation means for Duke

TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 3

ON DUKECHRONICLE.COM ‘Really about educating educators’: New initiatives aim to improve diversity in computer science department

BY MADELEINE BERGER | 05/12/2021 “In some ways, it’s the industry’s fault, and in some ways, it’s academia’s fault because we are training the people that are going into the industry.”

When glory comes: John Legend discusses love, justice and learning in 2021 Commencement address

BY LEAH BOYD | 05/02/2021 “Our nation is at its best when we realize that we all do better when we all do better,” Legend said.

Rebecca Schneid A student walks alone on campus during Duke’s shelter-in-place order.

Drops of black paint rolled down the technicolor wall under the East Campus bridge.

The stretch of concrete was already crowded with art, but that night a message written in fresh paint stood out from them all.

“F*ck IFC!” read wet graffiti.

The phrase, scribbled at least three times on the night of Mar. 14 by a quartet of firstyear students, stood plastered next to another painting—one as long and tall as a bus that shared the same message, but with the word “Frats” in place of “IFC.” Both expressions appeared in the final hours before Duke implemented a stay-in-place order as COVID-19 cases among undergraduates soared. University administrators have repeatedly blamed the outbreak on recruitment events held by members of disaffiliated fraternities.

That distinction was not missed by Duke students, many of whom were barred for a week from leaving their dorms except for essential activities. In graffiti and group messages, social media and online petitions, many students have expressed anger with fraternities and their members.

First-year Elyana Riddick, who said she had been put off by fraternities when they disaffiliated, was among those students.

“This weekend, when we had the spike in COVID cases, it just kind of pushed me over into a lot of anger and a lot of resentment,” said Riddick.

Duke didn’t single out members of the Durham Interfraternity Council until March 10, a few days before instituting the stay-inplace order. Mary Pat McMahon, vice provost and vice president of student affairs, said she realized the need to identify the Durham IFC’s responsibility for the increase in cases after having conversations with multiple students who expressed frustration that Duke hadn’t publicly connected the surge to fraternities.

“We had this idea that people would draw their own conclusions from the information,” she said. “But we made the decision that we needed to name it more clearly so students could make their own decisions from there.”

Durham IFC released a statement March 15 that said the organization was “disappointed that some individuals within fraternities violated the expectations we established for virtual recruitment which may have contributed to an increase in cases of COVID-19 within the Duke student population.”

The statement promised new accountability measures to prevent future COVID-19 violations, including a reporting hotline and judicial board.

Fraternities have faced increased pressure over the last year. Last summer, a group of students called for the abolition of Duke Interfraternity Council fraternities and Panhellenic sororities, alleging the groups harbored a culture of racism and sexism. The movement saw approximately 400 students disaffiliate from such organizations, the vast majority of whom were women leaving sororities, according to self-reported data.

In August, Duke’s Panhellenic Council voted to no longer allow sorority chapters to host parties with all-male organizations. Last month, nine Duke IFC fraternities disaffiliated from the University and formed the Durham IFC to avoid rules regulating housing and preventing spring rush.

Although Duke’s acknowledgement of the Durham IFC as a major driver of positive cases sparked resentment towards fraternities, it wasn’t until the University announced the stay-in-place order that some students rallied around their mutual indignation.

Senior Anya Parks started an online petition March 13 calling for Duke to sue the Durham IFC for “reckless endangerment” of the Duke and Durham communities. In the first few hours after its creation, hundreds of people signed the petition. As of Saturday night, the petition has over 1,500 signatures.

Senior Madeleine “Mac” Gagné, who has been collaborating with Parks on the project, said this immediate outpouring of support felt validating.

“The rate that it grew just reflects that the anger we found comfort in knowing we were both experiencing was something that so many other members of the community were experiencing as well,” Gagné said.

Parks said she initially advocated for suing the Durham IFC to target the privilege of many fraternity members, which she thinks promotes a reckless mentality that resulted in more positive COVID cases.

“Money protects you,” Parks said. “It’s no longer a matter of, ‘What can I get away with?’ It’s, ‘How much do I have to pay to do this action?’”

Parks said she has since learned that, after the fraternities disaffiliated, Duke lost the power to hold the chapters accountable.

She said Duke could sue the national organizations, which seemed complicated and unlikely, or sue the members of each chapter.

“We’re not out here trying to sue individual brothers—it’s a systemic issue,” she added.

In a Sunday interview, Durham IFC President Will Santee, a junior, also said it would be unfeasible for Duke to sue Durham IFC, and disagreed that the organization

recklessly endangered the community.

“I wouldn’t say there was a single person who was like, ‘I know these parties are happening and I’m not stopping them, I know these people have COVID and I’m not stopping them,’” he said.

Parks and Gagné now hope to host a town hall with representatives from the Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards, Duke Student Government, and the Durham IFC. The two created a poll for those who signed the petition to suggest mechanisms of accountability, such as requiring the Durham IFC to consent to random event inspection

by Duke.

Asked if he would participate in the town hall, Santee said he hadn’t yet heard about it but supported the idea and plans to reach out to the petition’s creators. He said that such different sides—people in Greek life and people who want to abolish it—might not change one another’s minds, “but at least we’ll come to some common ground on ways to, in the short term at least, fix some problems that are pervasive especially within the Greek life system.”

Durham IFC’s statement said the organization had created an email for people to report violations of the Duke Compact by fraternity members. Santee told the Chronicle in a previous interview that he will contact Duke student conduct, contact tracers, and fraternity presidents if a fraternity member is reported to be in violation of the coronavirus protocol.

Santee also said that the newly-formed Durham IFC judicial board, composed of one volunteer from each fraternity, could be called upon when greater restrictions are necessary.

The statement also said the Durham IFC had a “productive conversation about our plans” with Duke administrators.

McMahon said she hopes the Durham IFC will continue to communicate about these issues.

“I’d much rather have the students checking in with us than operating without consultation at all,” McMahon said.

She declined to comment when asked if she’s concerned about Durham IFC’s ability to hold their members accountable.

Parks, however, said she is “uncomfortable with the idea that an institution can regulate itself.”

“If an organization hasn’t really done a good job of holding itself accountable in the past, how can you realistically expect them to do that now?” she said.

Gagné said she thinks the Durham IFC needs to provide more information about their plans to regain the community’s trust, such as outlining what exactly the judicial board would do if a fraternity member is found to be in violation of the coronavirus protocol.

Asked Sunday about specific plans, Santee clarified that the judicial board will not try individuals, who will be referred to Duke’s contract tracing and student conduct protocol. Instead, the judicial board will address situations in which there are “a lot of people, 10 guys in one chapter or more.”

Gagné said she hopes the town hall will provide an opportunity for members of the Duke community to give constructive feedback to the Durham IFC. “If you really do care about how the rest of the community is being influenced by your actions, then you need to say that you’ve put concrete

thoughts and concrete plans into making sure this doesn’t happen again,” she said.

A similar frustration, molded by loss, spilled into a 1,300-person first-year student GroupMe chat. Riddick was among those who entered the mix of students denouncing and defending Greek groups and students that traveled.

In the group chat, Riddick criticized the rush events and travel. Other students fired back. “wait why are u mad bro,” one wrote.

“Because I could die of COVID so some white boy can drink a stale ass white claw,” Riddick replied, referring to fraternity members who broke COVID-19 rules.

She said she doesn’t think all fraternity members are bad—they’re in her classes, and she gets meals with some. Riddick also doesn’t blame the outbreak solely on them: She pins it on student travel too. (Duke chief spokesperson Michael Schoenfeld wrote in an email that large gatherings and rush parties were the “predominant cause” of the recent outbreak, and that travel was not a major factor.)

Still, Riddick said it only makes sense to her that the groups face public criticism. She said that the actions of fraternity members are public and affect people outside their organizations.

“If that’s the face you put out in public, I get to comment on that in public, and I get to criticize that,” Riddick said.

She said there’s a push in her circle to not join selective groups and to instead “just exist at Duke.”

“I know the culture has definitely shifted,” she said. “I know people aren’t really looking to join frats and sororities… they feel it’s too exclusionary or they just can’t afford it, or they just don’t like the culture.”

When she spoke with The Chronicle, Riddick was quarantined in a room at the JB Duke Hotel. Duke contact traced her after a friend she saw tested positive for COVID-19 during the spike. As she studied for a midterm, Riddick said a parking garage blocked the sun from her hotel room.

“Sometimes it’ll be three o’clock in the afternoon, and sometimes it’ll be two in the morning, and I wouldn’t know the difference,” she said.

Like the other students, Santee said he had seen comments critical of both him and fraternities on social media. He said he doesn’t pay them much attention.

“If people say more substantive things, then I’m happy to talk,” Santee said Sunday.

“The stuff on Facebook, the writing on the wall, that’s not really gonna make a lot of positive change.”

At the East Campus bridge a week earlier, at the start of a painful, isolating seven-day lockdown, the words on the wall seemed to stand for more to the painters.

“When I screw up, when I hurt somebody, I hope they’re not scared to call me out,” said one painter, who asked to remain unnamed for fear of public bullying. “If I could safely party, I’d do it,” the painter added.

A 9 p.m. curfew imposed by the stay-inplace order abruptly ended the interview at the bridge. The four painters didn’t have enough time to finish outlining each of their white antiGreek life jabs in black paint, either. They had five minutes to make it back to their dorms.

Matthew Griffin contributed reporting.

4 | TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

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‘I don’t think I’ve ever felt prouder of our country’

Some hopeful, others come to terms with Biden victory When he first heard that former Vice Biden co-chair and Trinity ‘21, said it was like President Joe Biden had been elected president, a “transformation.”

Rahul Krishnaswamy, Duke Students for “I woke up this morning before it was

Henry Haggart

called. I went outside, and then I saw on my phone that it was called,” he said Saturday.

“And even if it was the same atmosphere outside, it just felt like I was breathing completely different air.”

The end of the 2020 presidential election came after four years of chaotic governance under President Donald Trump, followed by four days of suspense as state election officials slowly tallied mail-in ballots and other late-counted votes. Major media outlets finally called the race for Biden and his running mate, Kamala Harris, around 11:30 a.m. Saturday.

For many Duke students, the news brought relief and joy. Supporters of the president, meanwhile, came to terms on Saturday with their candidate’s defeat.

After sophomore Akiya Dillon heard the news from a friend, she immediately called her mother.

“I was super excited just because that anxiety goes away and you’re like, ‘Okay, I can breathe a little bit,’” she said.

When he heard the news, Salvador Chavero Arellano, Trinity ‘21, started to cry. Chavero is a Dreamer, an undocumented immigrant allowed to legally remain in the country because of the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. Trump’s immigration policies have stopped him from going to Mexico to see his family without risking being unable to return to the United States.

Now Chavero hopes to apply for advance parole to see them again, including his grandmother, who is facing health issues.

“A lot of things have been going through my mind, and really trying to process it all, but

By Chris Kuo November 8, 2020

overall super happy,” he said.

Biden and Harris support DACA, whereas Trump attempted unsuccessfully to end the program and his Department of Homeland Security stopped processing new applications. Chavero said he and his friends and allies will advocate for Biden and Harris and push for legislative immmigration reform.

Though relieved, Dillon, who canvassed for Bernie Sanders in the Democratic primary, said she also knows there is a long path ahead to achieving progressive policies.

“It’s a step in the right direction, but it’s still not where I would like to be,” she said.

Like Dillon, sophomore Chloe Nguyen emphasized the need for ongoing reform during a Biden presidency.

“There needs to actually be change implemented, like fundamental change to help people and address the systemic problems that have been ongoing, in order to make sure that we don’t have another Trump in four years,” she said.

Krishnaswamy said that despite President Donald Trump’s likely victory in North Carolina and the results of some state races, he’s proud of what Duke Students for Biden accomplished in Durham County.

“We helped get turnout to record levels.

Durham County has always been reliably blue, but we’ve made it more blue than ever before in recent history … and of course every vote counts, especially with the popular vote” he said. As of Saturday night, Biden has a popular vote lead of more than 4 million votes nationally.

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 5

Before the First Five: Looking back on graduate school integration 60 years later

By Hannah Miao March 22, 2021 Before the famed “First Five” Black undergraduate students enrolled at Duke University in the fall of 1963, the Board of Trustees took the first step toward desegregation with a decision years in the making.

On March 8, 1961, the board announced Duke’s graduate and professional schools would accept applicants without regard to race, creed or national origin, effective the following fall. “Grad Schools Desegregated,” The Chronicle’s front-page headline read that day.

“In a move actualizing the University’s leadership potential, the Trustees set a commendable example for other Southern institutions and increased the University’s prestige from a national standpoint,” a Chronicle editorial two days later said of the board’s decision.

Duke changed its admissions policy for financial and reputational gain, rather than for moral or ethical reasons, records and archival documents show.

“Look at the world we’re living in today and look how decisions are made in this country,” Jacqueline Looney, senior associate dean for graduate programs and associate vice provost for academic diversity, said in an interview with The Chronicle. Duke Graduate School hired Looney as the university’s first minority student recruiter in 1987.

“Moral suasion—I don’t know. It just has not worked,” she said.

Administrators and trustees wanted Duke to become a leading university in the country.

A segregated admissions policy threatened the sources of money that would bolster Duke’s acclaim.

The process of desegregating the university—first its graduate and professional schools, and then its undergraduate student body—reflected Duke’s incrementalist approach to reform.

“I am a ‘gradualist,’” Arthur Hollins Edens, Duke president from 1949 to 1960, wrote in a 1953 letter. “It is my firm conviction that Duke University can and should admit negroes only when the community and constituency are prepared for it.”

Push for desegregation

Students in the Duke Divinity School first raised the issue of desegregation to the Board of Trustees in 1948, through a petition. Over the next decade, various student and faculty groups and individuals urged Duke leaders to amend its admissions policy barring Black students.

In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled the racial segregation of public schools unconstitutional in its decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

The first Black undergraduate students enrolled at the nearby University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1955.

The Chronicle called segregation a “barbaric tradition” in a Dec. 13, 1955 editorial.

“We charge that segregation is antidemocratic, anti-Christian, harmful propaganda to the rest of the world and incompatible with the idea of a university.

Anyone who refuses to believe that segregation implies inferiority is blind,” the

Cameron Oglesby

editorial read.

Historian Melissa Kean called the editorial the “boldest condemnation of segregation published at Duke in the 1950s” in her book “Desegregating Private Universities in the South.”

In 1957, Divinity School students again circulated a petition urging the Board to eliminate the school’s admissions policy barring Black students from consideration.

The board voted on the issue for the first time.

They chose to uphold the policy.

“Our own school is missing financial and academic aid imperative to the growth of an educational institution,” The Chronicle editorialized in response to the vote.

However, the paper’s editorials and student groups’ advocacy did not necessarily

reflect an activist culture among the greater student body.

At the time, Duke was a “finishing school for white privilege,” said Theodore Segal, Trinity ‘77, author of “Point of Reckoning: The Fight for Racial Justice at Duke University.”

Maids made the beds and cleaned the rooms of male undergraduate students until 1968, Segal found in his research.

“White young men and women went there because their white parents went there, and they were trained in the academics and habits of how a white person comports themself in the world,” Segal said in an interview.

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6 | TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

INTEGRATION FROM PAGE 5 segregated rules of the Jim Crow era, and its students were not immune to its ideology. Students wrote letters to the editors in The Chronicle espousing segregationist beliefs, such as a 1958 letter to the editor fearing the possibility of interracial marriage.

“The half-cracked ‘moralists’ of the North have taken the issue of ‘equal conditions for all races’ and decided that the South must kneel down and obey their commands to surrender to integration,” student James Kennedy wrote.

But more often, archival records suggest a prevailing sense of apathy among the student body regarding issues of racial justice.

“Many of us are beginning to wonder what the reason is for so few students asserting opinions and taking action on the matter of the pickets in Durham: is it because they are trying to remain calm and stable during an emotional period—or is it that they have no opinion at all to assert?” columnist Barbara Underwood wrote in the same issue of The Chronicle announcing the board’s ultimate decision to desegregate.

Regardless, the sentiments of students seemed to have little effect on the Board of Trustees’ decision-making, according to Segal’s research.

“I don’t think what The Chronicle wrote or what students thought was a particularly significant factor in the decision to desegregate,” Segal said. “The reason was money and they delayed as long as they could.”

Money and reputation threatened

By the early 1960s, the federal government and national philanthropic organizations signaled they would only give money for research and educational purposes to institutions with nondiscriminatory admissions policies.

With millions of dollars in grants and contracts on the line, Duke set out to make the case for desegregation to the Board of Trustees.

“We initially proposed integration in the graduate school and professional schools only, as a starting point,” R. Taylor Cole, Duke’s provost at the time, recounted in a 1980 interview.“...We concluded that we would present the proposal to the board in terms that we thought would be fully understandable to the board … legal, economic, and

educational reasons, all of which pointed toward the absolute students to enroll in the Divinity School as official degreenecessity for integration.” seeking students.

Three administrators, including Cole, wrote a memo Key administrators at the graduate and professional schools for the trustees outlining reasons for changing Duke’s directly recruited these first students. admissions policy that did not stress the “moral aspects of Johnson and Robinson recalled Dean Elvin “Jack” segregation,” Cole recalled.

Latty’s recruitment efforts in a 2012 interview with Duke The memo also said that Law School. desegregating the graduate and Diversity is being invited to the party “Was I seeking integration? No,” professional schools “should Robinson said. “In fact, my entire not be considered an argument” ... inclusion is being asked to dance. family was opposed to it. They were for admitting Black students to concerned for my safety.” After the undergraduate school, Segal meeting Latty during one of the wrote in his book. dean’s recruiting trips to Howard The Board adopted the University, Robinson found Latty to jacqueline looney be “a most persuasive, fatherly figure. resolution to open graduate and professional school senior associate dean for graduate programs and He said, ‘We’re gonna do this.’” associate vice provost for academic diversity admissions to applicants of all Owens, the first Black woman races on March 8, 1961. to receive a doctorate from Duke, “A possible diminution of enrolled because of the recruiting revenues may have led to the action by the Trustees,” The efforts of Daniel C. Tosteson, then chair of the Department Chronicle reported at the time. of Physiology. She met him when he came to Durham’s North Following the Board’s decision, the Duke Endowment Carolina College, now North Carolina Central University, to chair wrote letters to leaders of the Ford Foundation, scout potential graduate students.

Carnegie Foundation and Rockefeller Foundation announcing “I am eternally grateful to Duke, eternally grateful for the board’s move. The philanthropic giants responded the fact that they allowed me to enter that school. But I’d affirmatively, archival documents show. never for one moment say if I hadn’t gone to Duke then On June 2, 1962, the Board of Trustees announced that I wouldn’t be where I am today,” Owens said in a 2014 Duke would amend its undergraduate admissions to include documentary produced by Duke Graduate School. “I don’t Black students. think of it that way.”

Owens recalled her siloed studies in the laboratory, saying The first Black graduate and professional students she didn’t know there were other Black graduate students A handful of Indigenous, Asian, Latinx and Asian American and later Black undergraduate students at Duke until her students had enrolled at Duke as early as 1880, records show. graduation in 1967.

But Black students did not attend the university until the fall Looney noted the distinction between desegregation of 1961, after Duke changed its graduate and professional and integration. schools’ admissions policy.

“The bars were lifted, but [Owens] was never integrated in Walter Thaniel Johnson Jr. and David Robinson were the the community at Duke,” Looney said. “It’s like when we think first Black students to attend Duke Law School. Ruben Lee about diversity and inclusion … diversity is being invited to Speaks was the first Black student to enroll in Duke Divinity the party … inclusion is being asked to dance.”

School, though he enrolled with special status, as he had Asked whether she thinks Duke has become fully integrated already received a divinity degree. since she began recruiting minority students more than three In the fall of 1962, James Eaton, Ida Stephens Owens and decades ago, Looney said, “We’re still dealing with some of Odell Richardson Reuben were the first Black students to the same issues that we dealt with in 1987. We also have made attend the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Matthew tremendous progress.”

A. Zimmerman and Donald Ballard were the first Black “There is still a lot of work to do,” she said.

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8 | TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

Seniors who studied remotely reflect on an unusual year

By Anna Zolotor March 1, 2021

on Monday and one on Wednesday. He works for the home appliance company from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekdays when he doesn’t have class, but works later into the evening on class days. Koga does work for his part-time job, creating virtual reality games for educational settings, on the weekends.

Despite his rigorous schedule, Koga doesn’t have any regrets and said that doing these jobs has taught him a lot about himself.

“I guess the reason why I’m here at home is because I really got a taste of the real world when getting these jobs.

Once you have a taste for the real world, it’s hard to divert your track,” Koga said.

Koga said that he loves spending a lot of time with his immediate family as well as with his grandparents, who live down the street from his house.

“Spending all this time with family is something that I realized I will probably never get to do again. It’s genuinely been a super nice experience being at home, having family

meals every night,” he said.

Hannah Zhuang is also finishing up her last semester from her family home in Staten Island, New York. She A year ago, nobody in the Class of 2021 expected that decided to do her senior spring from home because of their final semester at Duke would involve Zoom lectures worries about the COVID-19 pandemic, to save money and and social distancing. to spend extra time with her family while working on law Some seniors are living on campus or in Durham, trying school applications. to maintain some semblance of the last hurrah they always Zhuang added that she prefers remote learning to inthought they’d have. But for others, remote learning has person classes in many ways, which was part of her decision provided an opportunity to pursue an entirely different to stay home. senior experience.

“From my conversations with other people, a lot of them Justin Koga decided to live with his family in Irvine, seem to hate Zoom University. But I feel like it’s sometimes California this year so that he could focus on his two jobs—a less stressful, because when it’s asynchronous, you can time part-time job for a virtual reality company and full-time job your own schedule,” Zhuang said. for a home appliance company in the SmartHome sector— Zhuang said that on campus, she has valued attending while also taking classes part-time. Koga said that his routine weekly meetings for a Christian ministry she is a part has been effective but “kind of insane.” of. However, she noted that the meetings are completely Koga is enrolled in two two-and-a-half hour classes, one virtual this year, so she is able to get just as much out of the organization as she would have from Durham.

Unlike Zhuang and Koga, who have been at home all year, Mary Gooneratne made the move to Denver, Colorado in early January to pursue an entrepreneur-in-residence program while taking courses part-time.

Gooneratne, who said that she has “wanted to start a business for a long time,” debated whether to take a full-time job this fall but ended up declining the offer. When a venture firm in New York offered to give her and her co-founder, a Duke alum who graduated in December, funds to start their own financial services company, Gootneratne had a tough choice to make.

“It was a very difficult decision to make. I’m someone who very much values my friends and has so much fun with them. But this just felt like a time-sensitive opportunity that I thought my friends would support no matter what,” Gootneratne said.

While Gooneratne hasn’t been living in Denver for long, she said that she is having a great experience so far.

“I love living in a new place. I would say it’s been challenging for sure, but those are the environments that make me the most excited, a bit of pressure and a bit of challenge. I’m excited to be in this environment,” she said.

Gootneratne said that while the project is still in very early stages of development, she and her co-founder have the goal of pursuing the company full-time after they officially graduate.

While none of the three seniors have regrets, they all reflected that they miss being at Duke in some ways.

Koga said that he misses all of the day-to-day experiences that came with being a Duke student before the pandemic.

“Back at school, I’d just go to impromptu performances, walk in the gardens, get chicken nuggets at three in the morning,” Koga remembered.

However, he said that he feels he took full advantage of his time at Duke, and that he’d advise any current or incoming students to do the same.

LOCATED 2 MINUTES FROM DUKE MEDICAL CENTER “I really maximized my experience there. I prioritized LOCATED ON 9TH STREET AND 2 MINUTES AWAY FROM DUKE MEDICAL CENTER, experiences over everything else. Even if I was tired or had & 10 MINUTES FROM BREEDEN HALL TEETER. DUKE UNIVERSITY, BREENDEN HALL, WHOLE FOODS & HARRIS a lot of work to do. My whole mentality was experience, STUDIO, & THREE TWO BEDROOMS NOW!CALL CALLNOW NOW FOR PRICING & SPECIALS experience, experience,” Koga said. “It’s a bittersweet feeling, STUDIO, ONE, ONE, TWO & BEDROOMS AVAILABLE AVAILABLE NOW! FOR PRICING & SPECIALS but other than really missing my friends, I really feel a deep sense of closure, and a feeling that I’ve done pretty much FUQUA MBA: HOUSING GUIDE 2017-2018 anything I could have done at Duke.”

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justin koga trinity ‘21

spent enough time with her friends before she left, because she also took a gap semester before the pandemic hit. However, she said that she’s been able to stay in contact with her friends via FaceTime and hopes to visit soon.

Zhuang noted that she has actually been able to connect more with her friends while at home. “Since everything is online, you might as well just reach out to people,” she said.

Even though they would never have expected their senior year to look this way, none of the seniors have any regrets about their b.t!t decisions to take an unconventional path.

“I would say that my biggest takeaway from making this decision was realizing that the most important thing is making the decision that makes you the happiest. I think I spent a lot of time worrying about how my parents would interpret the decision, or how my friends would interpret it.

But I just decided to do what I knew was right and what would make me the happiest and I think it alleviated a lot of distress,” b.t!t Gootneratne reflected. “It felt like following my heart to come here, so I’m glad I did.”

The Chronicle

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 9

The Class of 2021’s words of wisdom What should underclassmen know as they navigate Duke?

By Katie Tan May 26, 2021 The Class of 2021 experienced it all: they sailed through two and a half years of normal, in-person college life, but the pandemic forced them to make the abrupt switch to online classes and virtual job recruitment.

Uncertainty hovered over the first half of their senior year, but the Class of 2021 still graduated triumphantly as hope emerged in the form of vaccines and the slight easing of COVID-19 regulations. The Chronicle asked four members of the Class of 2021 to share what they learned from their Duke experiences. Here’s what they said.

What would you say to first years at What is something you wish you O-Week who are just getting their could have done or known more about bearings in this huge new place? before you graduated?

Don’t panic if you don’t find your circle right away, and don’t lose hope if you don’t feel like you have a super close knit friend group.

Eventually, you can build that. I was involved in a lot of different circles in freshman year, but I felt like I didn’t have a community per se. I think I definitely developed that more in sophomore year. Sam Chan

Keep the friendly, open spirit that everybody has a O-week for all four years. I straight up How did you balance academics and told a stranger, ‘I love how quiet extracurriculars? you are in the library.” And I’ll admit going down the pre-medicine now they’re one of my closest path and being so busy with all these commitments can be challenging. I couldn’t friends. Those really random, go to as many hangouts as I wanted to, but really small interactions can I still feel like I was still able to build solid friendships. The main advice is, just be really build up to really beautiful really organized. Google Calendar or any friendships, if you just allow scheduling app is very essential. Also try to avoid procrastinating, and if you do them to. procrastinate, procrastinate by doing other homework. Lydia Lin

jordan hepburn

I think for me what helped was really reflecting on why I was doing what I was doing and what importance it carried to me, to others around me, and in the grand scheme of life. You might not know the answers right away. But I think exploring that and being ready to accept those answers is important.

Gabrielle Zegers

Just being willing to take whatever is given to you is really important. I know a lot of people who came in absolutely set on being pre-med or being a lawyer. A lot of them ended up changing completely. Someone who I thought was 100% going to be a doctor is now going to law school or to become someone who works to influence policy. Lydia Lin

I think one thing I definitely could have done more was reach out to Duke alumni. The Duke alumni network is there for a reason.

From what I’ve heard, a lot of alumni are willing to reply to you if you reach out to them and talk about recruiting things, or their job or whatever. Sam Chan If you anticipate needing to learn how to do something in the future, don’t wait until senior year to figure it out. For example: knowing how to cook and drive. Very Simran Prakash practical skills, right? You’d be surprised by how many seniors can’t cook. I have a license, How do you recommend spending but I don’t drive that much. But it would be time outside of class? very helpful right now if I knew how to do Everybody has to do their share of research. both of those things. Try to start learning those things so that when you graduate, you Everybody has to do some work or some won’t have another barrier to be efficient in project. But I think it’s so important to do the workforce. Jordan Hepburn something that you’re either passionate about, or really enjoy. Because the other stuff will One thing I regretted was not going to more burn you out if you don’t have something that Downtown Durham restaurants before the recharges you and refreshes you. You may be pandemic started. I missed out on all this good able to even make the hobby productive so it food. Rose’s is good. All the M restaurants are can be something that assists you in your career. good. Really take the time to enjoy the things Whatever activity that it is that you want to do, you definitely should do it. Try to find some around you. Lydia Lin time for it so that you can keep your batteries I kind of recognized that I was a little charged. Jordan Hepburn bit of a workaholic before the pandemic.

And I realize now there’s definitely things I I’m more of a nature person. Having the want to do again, like taking the one to two Gardens open such a blessing. Just grab a hours out of the day, just to leave time aside blanket, sit outside, hang with your friends for any random occurrences that happen, and have a picnic. Having ‘me time’ is also so that I can be more available to people. important. I’ve been picking up drawing and Gabrielle Zegers things like that to decompress. Lydia Lin

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Q&A: President Vincent Price on his first four years at Duke

By Leah Boyd May 21, 2021 Vincent Price took office at Duke in 2017 as the University’s 10th president. He has guided Duke through a difficult year during the coronavirus pandemic. Now, as the University prepares for some semblance of normality, many are wondering: where do we go from here?

Editor-in-Chief Leah Boyd asked Price about Duke’s ongoing efforts regarding racial injustice, climate and sustainability, treatment of workers and recovery from the pandemic.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity. View the full story on dukechronicle.com.

The Chronicle: In thinking about these four years you’ve spent at Duke, is there a specific accomplishment that you’re most proud of?

Vincent Price: Well, two things jump out at me. First, we’ve

made it through COVID-19, through the pandemic, relatively successfully, thanks to the extraordinary efforts of our students, faculty and staff. It’s been through the cooperation and collaboration of everybody in the community that we’ve been able to have in-person residential learning experiences this year that came close to replicating our normal campus environment. I know it hasn’t been easy for our students and staff, but I think we came through it about as well as we possibly could.

Second, I would say I’m proud of the work that we’re now doing in anti-racism and equity. This work has become more concentrated as a campus-wide effort in the past few months, but really, it’s been under way for the past several years. We’re making good progress, but we have a long way to go. And in just a few weeks, we’ll be sharing the results of the campus climate survey, which gathered responses from close to 13,000 members of our community with feedback that I think will help guide our anti-racism work in the

years to come.

TC: On the subject of COVID-19, do you think that the pandemic will permanently change Duke to any capacity, and if so, what do you think will change?

VP: Well, we sort of learned a lot over the past 15 months and yes, I think some of what we’ve learned we will want to carry forward. Having successfully navigated through the worst pandemic we could have faced and now looking forward, our aim is to ensure that we grow back healthier and more vibrant than ever.

To that end, I created Strategy Team 2030 last spring to help identify and recommend key strategic opportunities for us as we recover from these severe disruptions of COVID-19.

That team includes the Provost [Sally Kornbluth], the Chancellor for Health Affairs [A. Eugene Washington], the deans of our 10 schools, our Executive Vice President [Daniel Ennis], the Academic Council Chair [Kerry Haynie] and [Michael Schoenfeld], the vice president for communications and government relations. They’ve been charged with identifying and recommending some key strategic opportunities.

We do face continuing financial challenges that have to be navigated thoughtfully and carefully. To secure the future resources, we need to carry out our core academic missions and capitalize on our historic agility and our innovative spirit to secure true leadership in defining higher education for the 21st century. As that work unfolds, I know that we’ll need to be efficient and thoughtful and strategic.

Notwithstanding all of those headwinds, we’re on a trajectory to recover from the pandemic and enter a post COVID-19 environment better equipped than ever to lead in global higher education. I think we will make improvements in the residential experience. We will look for ways we can leverage what we’ve learned about new technologies and their role in teaching where it’s pedagogically appropriate. I think we will leverage a lot of the things that we’ve learned through the pandemic, but in the short term, the Duke experience will continue to be marked by those same critical features that have always defined it.

I know it hasn’t been easy for our students and staff, but I think we came through [COVID-19] about as well as we possibly could. president vincent price TC: Onto your second point about anti-racism efforts, you updated [Volume 116 editor-in-chief Matthew Griffin] in November about how those look, and I know they were a conversation at the last Board of Trustees meeting. Can you talk about what Duke’s anti-racism efforts look like now and if there are any goals set in place for the next academic year with regards to that?

VP: This past summer, I charged the provost, the executive vice president and the chancellor for health affairs with identifying specific anti-racism actions and implementation plans in keeping with and across all the five areas of our strategic framework. We have sought to move decisively and without delay to mobilize every part of our enterprise by redoubling existing efforts. By initiating some significant new programs, we’ve worked hard to ensure that anti-racism and equity remain long term priorities for Duke. They have to be woven very carefully into every aspect of our institutional strategy and culture.

Over the course of the year, numerous new educational programs launched. As I mentioned, we recently completed our first ever campus-wide climate survey focused on issues of equity and inclusion. This summer, we’ll be reviewing the results and beginning to plan our next steps, which will include new programmatic amendments and a continued emphasis on the work that’s already underway. So we’re moving forward. We’re assembling now a University-wide racial equity advisory council, which will have working groups dedicated to campus climate and assessment, education programs, effective communication and infrastructure and policies. So the work is continuing.

TC: Something else we’ve been reporting on lately is the Duke Graduate Students Union and the Duke University Press Workers Union being outspoken about wanting higher pay, more opportunities and more of a seat at the decision making table. How do you plan to address these concerns

by Duke workers and bring lower paid members of the community to the table?

VP: I believe strongly that we must continue to expand our support staff and graduate students alike to these ends. Shortly after I arrived at Duke, we instituted a $15 minimum wage for all staff. Throughout the pandemic, we

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 13

were not the case here at Duke. Similarly, we’re approving stipends for graduate students, and we’re committed to ensuring that all of our graduate and professional students are well supported academically, financially and socially.

We announced in 2019 that all doctorate students who are in their five year guaranteed funding period would receive 12 months stipends beginning in the fall of 2022.

We did this because we know the vital contributions our graduate students make to the university community and our institutional excellence depends on the excellence of the support we provide the grad students and their families. And again, during the pandemic, we provided support for both undergraduate and graduate students by reducing certain fees and freezing tuition for a year, revising financial aid packages, creating a fund so that students with extraordinary needs could get money for housing, food, travel, technology, and providing additional benefits to graduate students. All of this work has been done in consultation with our employees, with faculty, students and unions, and we’re closely engaged with the truly Henry Haggart outstanding leaders of Dukes graduate and professional instituted policies that reflect our commitments, providing student government. Everyone shared in the sacrifice so salary increases for all employees earning $50,000 annually that we could serve our students, so that we could save jobs, or less, while instituting salary freezes and in some cases and retain money in our community. And this is something even reducing salaries and benefits for our more highly that we can all be proud of. I think it speaks volumes compensated faculty and staff. about the values and the In line with our values, and Our aim is to ensure that we grow back compassion of the Duke to support our local Durham community. community, we worked healthier and more vibrant than ever.

TC: Is there any carefully to avoid job losses and specific initiative or topic coordinated very closely with our that you didn’t think staff to navigate our COVID-19 president vincent price you focused very heavily related challenges. on in your first four When this pandemic hit with years that you want to full force more than a year ago, very few people at Duke, in prioritize more in your next term?

Washington or in the business community could know that VP: Most of the major priorities for the University have the full impact of this would be as extensive as it has been. grown out of the development of this strategic framework And indeed, we did see an immediate hit to almost all sources in 2017 and 2018. But that said, I think members of the of revenue at Duke from investments to patient care and an community might not be aware of the work that we’re equally significant increase in costs for things like testing. doing now on climate change and sustainability and on The Department of Labor recently reported that colleges our relationship with Durham and on the forthcoming and universities cut more than 570,000 jobs in the last year, Centennial philanthropic campaign, which will improve which is one out of every nine people working in higher our ability to provide the needed financial aid for our education. Those cuts are devastating to individuals to their increasingly diverse student body and the resources our families, their institutions and their communities. But they faculty requires in support of excellence in teaching and

research. So these will be very significant priorities for years to come. And we’ve been working on them for some time, but they perhaps haven’t yet been as widely discussed as we’d like with the whole campus population, and that will change in the coming months.

TC: How has being Duke’s president changed your worldview?

VP: Well, in a variety of ways, you know, I think that we all have this deep commitment to the mission of higher education, and in my case it’s only deepened my personal commitment. This is an uncertain moment for our nation and the world, and the missions of discovery, teaching, learning and healing have never been more important.

Duke and institutions like ours have the responsibility to shape a healthier, more vibrant, more inclusive future, and that responsibility begins at home with our own community. So I’ve learned since I’ve become president just how exciting that can be to bear that responsibility but to have an opportunity through this extraordinary community of faculty, students, staff and alumni to make significant change in our world.

Charles York

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Title IX changes at Duke raise questions about transparency

By Leah Boyd Nadia Bey September 10, 2020 Changes to Title IX policies have come to Duke, but the University didn’t give the community much time to offer feedback on them before implementation.

Title IX is a 48-year-old federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in educational or federally funded programs. It is also used to protect victims of sexual assault on university campuses, given legal mandates that schools are responsible for investigating cases of sexual misconduct.

New Trump administration regulations increased the standard of evidence for schools to investigate sexual misconduct, a move that advocates say puts students at risk by raising the standard for investigations and not adequately addressing misconduct that occurs off campus.

However, critics of the Obama-era regulations lauded the new rules, claiming that the previous rules pressured them to support accusers without offering fair treatment to the accused.

Former Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos, who facilitated the policy update, told The New York Times in May that she feels the new policy updates recognize “that we can continue to combat sexual misconduct without abandoning our core values of fairness, presumption of innocence and due process.”

The new rules were released May 6, and institutions were given until Aug. 14 to implement them. At Duke, the changes were published on the Office of Institutional Equity website Aug. 11 and announced via the Duke Daily, Duke’s email newsletter, the following day.

Some students criticized the University for what they saw as a lack of transparency in communicating its implementation of the Title IX changes to the public, including offering only two days for public comment after the new rules were widely announced.

Legal, OIE and Student Affairs who worked together and in subgroups to develop the policy and procedures.”

“As part of our process we presented the proposed policy to several stakeholder groups to get their feedback that included student and faculty governance, relevant committees, Human Resources at the University and the Health System, various levels of University leadership and other administrators,” Hewitt wrote.

One stakeholder identified in the statement was the Student Sexual Misconduct Prevention and Response Committee—also known as the Student Sexual Misconduct Task Force—which was recently restructured under the leadership of Mary Pat McMahon, vice provost and vice president for student affairs.

Hewitt wrote that OIE and Student Affairs regularly meet with the Student Sexual Misconduct Prevention and Response Committee, and that both offices will be “using this open forum this fall to get their perspectives.”

Hewitt also wrote that the working group engaged with a legal expert specializing in higher education and Title IX to create the umbrella Policy on Prohibited Discrimination, Harassment and Related Misconduct and the Title IX Sexual Harassment Grievance procedures that contain the rules mandated by the Department of Education.

McMahon and Hewitt sent an email to undergraduate and graduate students Sept. 9 regarding new sexual misconduct policies, including the Title IX rules. They outlined the implementation process and major changes

How the new rules were implemented

Kimberly Hewitt, vice president for institutional equity, wrote in an Aug. 31 statement to The Chronicle that the updated policy was constructed by “a working group of representatives from Human Resources, the Provost’s Office,

Sujal Manohar Members of the community were disappointed when Duke provided them only a two day comment period after the new Title IX rules were drafted. The new rules increase standards of evidence required for schools to investigate sexual misconduct.

Gender, Sexuality & Feminist Studies Major “GSF allows for a systemic analysis of the world that we live in and links the larger political landscape to our personal lives and experiencesparticularly for people racialized, gendered, and sexualized as different. ” ~ Katherine ‘22 “The GSF department opened the door for new lines of questioning, modes of thinking, and an awareness of my own positionality as I move through the world.” ~ Madison ‘21 “I am a pre medical student and was really looking for a major that would allow for a well rounded education for STEM and I feel as though the GSF major complimented my pre med track perfectly.” ~ Meghan ‘22

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Hewitt said in a Sept. 9 interview that one of the most significant changes with the new rules is that staff and faculty on campus can be the accused party in a Title IX hearing.

Changes were also made to the cross-examination element of Title IX trials. While Hewitt said that “historically, [they’ve] been able to separate people,” victims must now face the accusers in trial. The accused and victim each are appointed an advisor who is there specifically to ask questions of the other party.

The third big change Hewitt described is that any information that is to be used in the hearing must be available for cross-examination.

“So if we learn something in the investigation process, or somebody shares information, and they’re unwilling to testify or participate in the hearing, we can’t consider it,” Hewitt said, calling the rule a “big departure” from previous policies.

Hewitt said the working group set up a week-by-week timeline. They worked with an outside lawyer, who Hewitt said “made himself an expert on these rules,” which she said were thousands of pages long. At one point they even broke up into subgroups—one would focus on staff and faculty policies, another on students and another on “evidentiary questions and the process.”

She said that by the second week of July, they had a “rough outline of what the policy was going to look like” and had a series of meetings with different groups to get feedback on their work.

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 15

Other members of the community expressed frustration She wrote that that recent policy changes “are not due regarding the initial two-day period for feedback. to any of the work we have done, or fixing the issues we Emma Dolan, a fifth-year graduate student in the would like addressed, but are simply to align Duke with department of pharmacology and new government policies, cancer biology, wrote in an Aug. 25 which they were very direct email to The Chronicle that she did I think the short time frame for about.” not have time to review the changes comment is indicative that these “I think the short time and provide comment given her busy frame for comment is changes were not designed to satisfy schedule. indicative that they are “Unfortunately, I think the the needs of the student body. aware these changes were short timeframe for comments was not designed to satisfy the emma dolan needs of the student body,” indicative of a lack of consideration fifth-year graduate student she wrote. for workers’ input,” Dolan wrote.

The Graduate Student Union Zollie Yavarow, also a has previously advocated for fifth-year graduate student improvements to the University’s policy on harassment, in pharmacology, wrote in an Aug. 26 email that she was with a particular focus on expanding protections beyond angry about the short comment period. federally protected classes and including neutral parties in “I only found out about it two hours or so before investigations rather than Duke employees. commenting closed and didn’t have time to comment,” “A lot of my energy went to the harassment policies last she wrote. “It made me feel like they did not actually want year,” wrote Madeline Sells, who graduated in 2021 with a See TITLE IX on Page 17 doctorate in pharmacology, in an Aug. 26 email.

Two days for public comment

Once the new rules were drafted, Duke released them for community feedback. But for the Title IX changes, that public comment period was only two days after they were widely announced.

On Aug. 12, the Duke Daily included a message announcing that community members were invited to submit feedback to the University about the proposed Title IX changes. The announced deadline for comments was Aug. 14, just two days later.

Duke Student Government included the link to submit comments in its weekly Thursday email to undergraduate students Aug. 13. The Graduate and Professional Student Council sends its weekly emails on Mondays and was not able to share the information with graduate students via Liza Becker Leland Ben Clare Bradshaw a mass email before Aug. 14, according to Jay Lusk, GPSC Liza Becker Leland Ben Clare Bradshaw president and an MD/MBA candidate at Duke.

Liza Becker Leland Ben Clare Bradshaw However, the GPSC Executive Committee provided feedback about the Title IX policy earlier in the summer, Lusk wrote in an email. He added that they “took efforts to engage students who are not themselves active in GPSC when it was possible.”

Lusk wrote that the timeframe for commenting was inadequate.

“I do not think that a two day feedback window was sufficient and am disappointed that students were not Anna Evans Meghana Iragavarapu Lawton Anna Evans Meghana Iragavarapu LawtonIves Ives able to engage more fully with the revisions to the Title IX policy,” he wrote.

The working group will “review the efficacy” of the new Anna Evans Meghana Iragavarapu Lawton Ives policies in January 2021, Hewitt and McMahon wrote in their Sept. 9 email to students. They invited students to submit comments to Victoria Krebs, associate dean of students for Title IX outreach and response.

“While our policies must adhere to federal guidance, we will incorporate community feedback and input to the Warner Lamar Serena Lim-Strutt Nathan Miller Warner Lamar Serena Lim-Strutt Nathan Miller fullest extent possible,” they wrote.

The initial comment deadline was later extended to Aug. 28, Hewitt said, but only for comments on the changes to the misconduct policies and procedures that were not related to Title IX, which were not subject to the Department of Warner Lamar Serena Lim-Strutt Nathan Miller Education’s Aug. 14 implementation deadline.

“Given that these changes [to the harassment policy] also extend to aspects of the policy and procedure that do not Michelle Nandi Rahi Patel Naraya Price relate to the federal Title IX regulations, the comment portal remained open until August 28 to allow for more responses,” Michelle Nandi Rahi Patel Naraya Price Hewitt wrote. This extension for the non-Title IX policy was posted on the OIE website Aug. 14.

“We were very intentional about identifying the stakeholder groups and talking to them and getting feedback from them and integrating proposed policy procedures before we issued a public comment period,” Hewitt said Sept. 9, adding that there was “no agenda not to be open Michelle Nandi Rahi Patel Naraya Price about [implementing the new policies].”

Allayne Thomas Joseph Touma She wrote in an Aug. 31 email that the policy will be revised in six months and that a longer open comment Allayne Thomas Joseph Touma period will be provided at that time.

“This will allow us time to monitor how the new policy and processes are working, and consider all the comments,” she wrote.

Hewitt also wrote in her Aug. 31 statement that OIE received 14 responses from the community between Aug. 12 and 14.

“We will do another communications push before the Allayne Thomas Joseph Touma six-month review,” she wrote.

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BIDEN FROM PAGE 4 Krishnaswamy also noted that Democrats flipped two U.S. House seats in North Carolina and reelected Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper.

Junior Daniel Billings, who is from the United Kingdom, said Europeans generally did not have a favorable view of Trump as president, and that Biden is going to improve foreigners’ perception of Americans.

“He’s bringing back a bit of decency to this office, to this country,” Billings said.

Billings also recognized that Trump won a sizable portion of the electorate, which meant that Biden’s win was only a “political victory,” not a “moral victory.”

Given how many voters cast their ballot for Trump, empathy is essential, he said.

“It’s a complicated election. You got to detest the man but you can’t really detest 70 million Americans. Life is confusing,” he said.

Junior Eliot Merriner, a Republican, said he is disappointed about the result of the presidential election but not too concerned, since he thought Republicans were successful on the state level and in the Senate.

Those victories, along with federal judges appointed by Trump, will stymie Biden’s attempt to make serious changes during his term, Merriner said.

“And I think despite the fact that Trump did not win the presidency, I thought there were a lot of trends in the voter demographics that looked promising for the future,” he said, noting that Trump improved his support among Hispanic and Black voters in some parts of the country.

“To me, that speaks well of a lot of underlying ideologies,” he said. “We’ll see what happens in 2024.”

Like Merriner, sophomore Clay Bromley supported Trump. He is a member of ROTC,

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and he said he voted for Trump because the president’s policies helped military members and veterans.

He also said he had accepted the results, despite Trump’s refusal to concede.

“He lost, but I’m not upset about it because that means the majority of people decided that it would be a better vote for them,” he said. “And I think that’s exactly how it should be.”

Looking ahead, Bromley hopes that Biden doesn’t pack the Supreme Court by adding more seats. He also wants Biden to support military and defense spending.

Junior Sarah Zimmerman said she’s glad the election is over.

“Regardless of what political party you support, it was an incredibly stressful time as a whole for everybody,” she said.

Zimmerman also said she is “beyond thrilled” about Biden’s victory.

“I was anxious about the election because I thought that if Trump won, that would mean losing human rights, losing what our country stands for, the dignity of the United States and so many other things. So Biden winning is definitely a win for the country and all of its citizens.”

She acknowledged that tensions would probably remain as long as Trump is still in the White House.

“I don’t think Trump is going to be someone to back down or give up his power, which even he has stated, which I think is going to create a lot of increased tension for about a month,” she said.

Once he leaves, the country will have some “peace” and be able to “move forward and grow” again, she said.

Sophomore Jamael Smith was relieved to hear Biden won, he wrote in a message to The Chronicle.

“Right now, I don’t think I’ve ever felt prouder of our country than I do right now— we were given a choice between division and

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 17

unity and we chose unity.”

He wrote that he hopes a Biden administration will “mend the wounds of the past four years.”

“While these issues definitely won’t go away under Biden, it’s nice to know that we’ll have a leader willing to address them and work to help this country heal,” Smith wrote.

Anisha Reddy and Parker Harris contributed reporting.

TITLE IX FROM PAGE 15 comments and were opening comments to ‘check a box’.”

Yavarow is a member of the Student Sexual Misconduct Prevention and Response Committee. She wrote that she was “under the impression by OIE leadership that although the new Title IX regulations are less stringent, Duke would still hold itself to a higher standard.”

“I think that they have failed at this and I feel lied to,” Yavarow wrote.

Hewitt wrote in a Sept. 8 email that she wants the community to “understand that we care about this issue tremendously and we understand the implications of these new regulations are challenging.”

“Unfortunately, the 1000+ page federal regulations do not allow much flexibility for universities and so I understand that there are probably parts of the new Title IX procedures that are frustrating and disappointing to the community,” Hewitt wrote.

She also wrote that OIE would produce a Frequently Asked Questions page “in order to be more responsive to the concerns being raised now and to help clarify what is legally required and the limited flexibility that we have within the confines of these new regulations.”

“We are always open to meet with any

student, faculty or staff member who wants to share their feedback with us,” Hewitt wrote.

Declined interviews

In May, The Chronicle reached out to Jayne Grandes, assistant vice president for Title IX compliance at the OIE, to request an interview about how Duke was planning to implement the proposed Title IX changes on campus.

Hewitt responded on Grandes’ behalf, writing in an email that she and Grandes were not available for an interview at the time. She added that Duke was reviewing the rules so that they could be implemented by the Aug. 14 deadline.

“In this process we are necessarily making adjustments to our existing policy in order to be in compliance,” Hewitt wrote. “Duke remains committed to working with students, faculty and staff to create a safer community for everyone.”

Hewitt said Sept. 9 that at the time of the previous interview request, the Title IX team “really didn’t have any answers.” She said they were busy attending webinars and working together to understand what the regulations said.

“I wouldn’t phrase it as a ‘refusal to talk,’” she said. “I just felt like at that point, we didn’t have a lot of information to share.”

On Aug. 20, The Chronicle reached out again by email to Grandes and Hewitt to request an interview about how the University handled the Title IX changes. Hewitt again responded on behalf of herself and Grandes and declined an interview, asking The Chronicle to email her written questions instead. Hewitt responded to the questions Aug. 31.

The Chronicle reached out to Grandes and Hewitt Sept. 9 to ask for comment regarding transparency concerns, including the declined interview requests. Grandes did not respond, and Hewitt agreed to the Sept. 9 phone interview.

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Tears of hope

People have been crying for hundreds and thousands of years—and their tears have not only expressed grief but also planted seeds of hope. Black body, like Breonna Taylor’s.

About 1,600 years ago a young North Like Augustine’s initial approach to grief, African man named Augustine, who would some people may want to prevent their tears become a great bishop and Christian theolo- from flowing even in the face of suffering and death. Within traditional notions of masculinity and a machismo mentality, we hear that “real COLUMN men don’t cry.” This is bogus philosophy and a myopic view of the full spectrum of human gian, struggled to mourn when he was by his experience. During this challenging time, even mother’s side when she expired her last breath. at Duke, you might encounter people steeped Augustine closed her eyes and as he describes in sorrow, loneliness, isolation and hurt. Tears in his book “Confessions,” “a great wave of might be their food day and night. And there’s sorrow surged into [his] heart.” Tears started nothing wrong with this, because at some point to come but he “stemmed the flow” and the in our lives, we all will travel a path of tears. tears dried up. He thought it was more maAbout 1,000 years before Augustine, the Heture to put his “sobs in check” and not mark brew Prophet Jeremiah traveled a road of sorhis mother’s death in that way because it was row and anguish and did so courageously and not total extinction or misery since she was a honestly. He didn’t avoid the abyss but faced it. woman of faith. He fought against the wave of He was not afraid to grieve, moan and groan. emotional sorrow and didn’t even shed a tear He was not afraid to face the pain of his people at the burial ground. It wasn’t until he woke up or his own suffering and shed tears as a path of the next morning that he wept for her and him- solidarity with those who were suffering. This is self and wrote, “The tears which I have been why he’s known as the weeping prophet. holding back streamed down, and I let them Tears are a part of his prophetic work and flow as freely as they would, making of them a actually, there is much fruit from tears. As one pillow for my heart. On them it rested….” His Yiddish proverb says, "What soap is for the heart rests on a pillow of tears, that is, on grief. baby, tears are for the soul." Jeremiah’s tearThere is still so much to grieve in our world filled grief was prophetic because he refused to today. All of the uncertainty. All of the fear. All be silent in the face of horror and terror and of the anguish. All of the pain. All of the ten- injustice. He didn’t shrink back from voicing sion, politically, socially and racially. All of the raw grief of life. Tears can represent a torn the loss, economically and physically. There heart, but this type of tear-filled grief and paare now more than 200,000 deaths due to the thos is also a form of social criticism. One may known as COVID-19. Lives are cut too short by shed tears because one refuses to shrink back a virus or a law enforcement bullet in another from struggle and pain and injustice. Joy may

Luke A. Powery

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be gone but hope is not.

Prophets like Jeremiah are prisoners of hope. Their jeers and tears are rooted in a hope in God. Those who do not grieve cannot truly hope because weeping waters the soil for a new life to emerge. The tears flowing from Jeremiah’s head are not a sign of weakness but strength of spirit in the Spirit. All of this weeping and lamentation doesn’t represent an erosion of hope but necessary elements of hope.

In Augustinian fashion, tears form a pillow and on them, hope rests, making tears a part of the texture of hope. hope. Their jeers and tears are rooted in a hope in God. Those who do not grieve cannot truly hope because weeping waters the soil for a new life to emerge. The tears flowing from Jeremiah’s head are not a sign of weakness but strength of spirit in the Spirit. All of this weeping and lamentation doesn’t represent an sion of hope but necessary elements of hope. In Augustinian fashion, tears form a pillow and on them, hope rests, making tears a part of the texture of hope. One insight into this comes texture of hope.

One insight into this comes from part of the story of Jeremiah when we are told God refers to Godself as a “fountain of living water” and the

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people use “cracked cisterns that can hold no water” (Jeremiah 2:13). Later Jeremiah moans his mourning: “O that my head were a spring of water, and my eyes a fountain of tears, so that I might weep day and night for the slain of my poor people!” (Jeremiah 9:1). His weeping then suggests the presence of the divine—that God is in his tears, in the water of holy weeping.

This means that hope is tear-stained. Closer to our own time, Pauli Murray, Durham’s own poet and civil rights leader, has said, “Hope is a song in a weary throat.” Or, as the influential American pastor and preacher J. Alfred Smith has proclaimed, “hope is a tiny sprout growing in cracked concrete.” That means the tears, the suffering, the weary throat, the cracked concrete are the settings out of which hope is born.

Hope comes amid our grief, despite our grief, but not without it. Hope is tinged with the ashes of despair and resides in and rises out of the ruins of human life.

So, go ahead and cry, and don’t underestimate tears. They may be a pillow for a heart filling with hope. They may reveal that you are actually a prophet who sows tears and reaps hope. Your tears can be a sign of hope.

Rev. Dr. Luke A. Powery is the Dean of Duke University Chapel. His column runs on alternate Mondays.

Breaking: First-years are stupid

“If I catch the plague, they’ll put me in the amphetamines while constructing the plan for this semester. Here are some key takeaways and gulag.”

I’m sitting on the hardwood floor of an East anonymous quotes from various faculty: As licensing prices for Zoom increase, Duke Campus dorm room, across from a first-year is considering conducting the Spring semester of classes entirely via Nintendo DS Chat.

“Wait, We’re supposed to start giving a damn about their well-being? Haven’t they seen SATIRE our tuition prices?”

Computer science professors have tampered with the code of SymMon, Duke’s chosen student symptom-tracking app, so faculty can use who’s trembling in the fetal position.

“I just want to congregate. I just want to it as a sort of “game” wherein they get “points” for correctly predicting hotspots and “level-up” congregate so f**king bad.”

These anguished words push through grit- if all 300 designated coronavirus hotel rooms become occupied. ted teeth behind a surgical mask.

“Frankly I’ve never really cared for students.

“I have never been able to openly drink alcohol, do drugs, or have sex. Surely you can They’re so fleshy and gross.”

President Price recorded a video in his ofunderstand the kind of stress I am under.”

I’ve spent the past few months serving as fice, sitting in front of his gold-plated telescope, The Chronicle’s summer correspondent. It’s announcing the fall plan to exile upperclassonly by posing as the Dean of Pratt’s son that men from campus. This made him seem more I’m able to be here talking with my latest in- “relatable” to students than if he had recorded terviewee: this graphic-t-shirt-wearing, socially it in front of his platinum, diamond-encrusted progressive yet fiscally conservative, pale white telescope.

“I think the best way to approach our male of average height and shoulders upon which all of our fates seem to precariously rest. response to this pandemic is to do the same He grabs a pillow off of his bed and begins thing we did with our response to the Black dry-humping it. I ask myself, “How did we get Lives Matter movement this summer: promise that we’re going to do something, and then not here?”

Horny, repressed, zit-faced, socially inept, do anything but vaguely disguise it as doing newly independent, fresh-out-of-high-school something.”

In an effort to make admissions more adolescents are exhibiting bad judgement. equitable, Duke will allow students to submit Administration is baffled.

“Eighteen-year-olds acting irresponsibly? TikTok videos as responses to the “Why Duke?”

This is unheard of. Those monsters!” com- question on the Common App, in addition to plains one faculty member as he stands inside accepting SAT and ACT scores optionally.

“Community colleges are thriving right a ring of other faculty members in the shadows of the loading dock behind The Loop placing now. They’ve been pros at online education bets on the COVID body count by the end of this whole time. I hope our students don’t realthe first month of classes. His identity remains ize that what they’re actually paying for here is anonymous behind a face shield, double mask the Duke stone background in their LinkedIn and several unravelled rolls of toilet paper profile pictures, and not much else.”

The first draft of the Duke Compact was obscuring any remaining exposed skin.

“It doesn’t make any sense. Who could have actually Vincent Price’s drunk text to UPenn, possibly predicted that when we brought to- asking them to rehire him. Minimal editing was gether thousands of freshmen—a demographic required.

Times are tough. But here’s a pretty cool notorious for making poor decisions—that they would make poor decisions? Ooh! Ooh! silver lining: If you’re a current student, you Put me down for seven dead, 21 hospitalized!” are empirically more badass than every alumni I’ve sat in on meetings between Duke facul- before you because you’ve had to go through ty, lawyers and the Board of Trustees through- this and they haven’t. So call an alum this week. out the summer, keeping my finger on the pulse Tell them they’re a namby-pamby. And tell ‘em of the decision making process for the fall. Ad- Monday Monday sent you.

Monday Monday failed to sign a lease on an ministrators were surprisingly candid with me, likely due to their aggressive binge-drinking, apartment before they all got snatched up, so liberal usage of psychedelic drugs and cavalier they now live in the rubble of Central Campus experimentation with a smorgasbord of amongst the rats.

Monday Monday

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TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021 | 19

How to turn invisible and back again

It is truly amazing how many rooftops the average Duke student has access to, if only they’re possessed of a bobby pin, a good pair of climbing pants and a childish contempt for

Mihir Bellamkonda SENIOR COLUMN authority. Frankly, even one of the three will do.

Some of you know what I’m talking about already. Y’all: stop reading. Meet me up there.

For the rest of you, unfortunate enough to have never been to a Duke rooftop (step one of turning invisible), hold on, and hand a friend your dangly earrings, keys and Duke Store lanyards. I’m going to tell you what they don’t want you to know. And we can’t have anything getting caught on the windowsill.

First rule of rooftops: be careful by the edge.

Second rule of rooftops: do not bring drunk friends. Third rule of rooftops: do not leave anything, do not take anything. Fourth rule of rooftops: do not get caught. Fifth rule of rooftops: it’s a verb, not a noun.

Ok, yeah, it’s true that ‘rooftops’ is a noun, not a verb. I know that! Don’t you think I know that? I even know it’s plural. Just pretend I am the wise old penguin at the end of a Disney movie. Heed my advice blissfully and uncritically.

Rule six of rooftops: never ask how to find a good rooftop. That’s like asking how to find a cool rock. The answer in both cases is to always be looking for one, and to be unafraid to get your hands all gross.

Seriously, it can get kind of icky. For some reason, the administration doesn’t want people on their beautiful gothic roofs (probably because the 90’s era ductwork up there ruins the illusion everything is a billion

years old, (speaking of, did you know the Cha pel’s brickwork gets smaller as you go up to maintain the illusion of height? And those stairs next to it were worn down by hand? Crazy!) but we don’t care about illusions, we’re trying to turn invisible) so they make sure to obfuscate rooftop paths behind all manner of cobwebs, crawlspaces and disused supply closets. Much like this paragraph, the resultant journey can be jarring. It might even take a few tries.

The physical nature of finding a rooftop is predictably challenging—watch your elbows— but there’s also a psychological element.

Security does not want you up there, and they care way more about student conduct than your sore elbows. Like, they do not care at all about your elbows. Stop bringing them up, it won’t help you.

And yet, beyond the grime and fear, there’s a joy to the search: through bathroom windows, up fire-escapes, beyond forgotten attics. I estimate I have been in 40% of West Campus’ unlocked storerooms. Most just contain mops. I am intimately familiar with a certain type of weird alcove that would smell of asbestos and mothballs if asbestos had a smell, so instead just smells like mothballs. But through that weird alcove? Sometimes, only sometimes, there’s a roof.

And what a variety! Every type of roof you could hope for! Big square roofs, tiny sloped roofs, roofs filled with rainwater half the time, romantic well-lit roofs with tables, poorly lit roofs with great Chapel views, gargoyle roofs, roofs you could almost reach but would need a grappling hook that’s taking two months to arrive because your friend ordered on a sketchy website, roofs that are really just paths to other, better roofs.

And sometimes, roofs that are perfect for looking. Roofs where you can gingerly sit down and look: at worn stonework, lights at dusk,

people milling around. This may sound a bit creepy, but it isn’t. Unless you have perhaps a more well-adjusted outlook than me, in which case you may consider it to be a little creepy.

Look long enough at Duke from the right vantage point, and you might get more than a view of a sunset distinguished by the Chapel, series of worn stone crests, or your friend’s oblivious head walking to class. You might turn invisible.

To be an editor is to be invisible. (This is the part of the column where I try to sell you on the idea that climbing on a rooftop is the same as being Opinion editor of The Chronicle. Strap in, and kindly ignore any associations you may have between height and superiority. I didn’t fully think this metaphor through. I am definitely an incredibly humble person.)

An editorial job well done is one where the author shines, unencumbered by comma errors, ponderous tangents or horrible social faux pas, which have all hopefully faded into the distance of Google Docs’ track changes function.

Their idea is honed, from notes in their phone to something polished, streamlined, andideally really really clickable on Twitter. It won’t get them sued, it will engage with dialogue on campus, and it will represent not just themselves but the depth and breadth of discourse at this University. And the audience is as unaware of the invisible team behind the byline as the rich guy in Inception after he’s incepted.

Of course, it doesn’t always work that way.

Some authors, for example, really want the whole thing to be a social faux pas. Go figure.

And it is truly painful not to be able to write a response to every take I think is limited, mud dily conceived, or atrociously wrong on the basic foundation of reality. Invisibility has its cost.

But other times? Being invisible rocks.

When you’re not in the spotlight yourself, you can get others in there. You can hire a class of columnists representative of the University. You

can work to change the historically white, male writers and thinkers I’ve encountered. They’ve written about gait, climate, stories in stone.

Everything from the church to char siu.

Ultimately, I’ve learned to love the invisible: the comma error you never read, the clunky title that never makes it to you, the paragraph forever relegated to the depths of google docs.

There’s something nice about being out of sight. There’s something beautiful about the view. *** And now it’s over. I’m visible again, just another Duke student with opinions. I’ve left the rooftop, and soon no one will be the wiser.

I’ve spent a great deal of time in the past year ruthlessly bullying this university on everything from racial equity to trademark law.

And now that it’s over, I hope you’ll indulge me in one last, guilty hot take: I love Duke.

I love the engineers who get upset when I pretend never to have been to e-quad, I love the biologists studying conch vision, I love the Econ 101 dropouts, the frazzled pubpol socialists. I love the spikeball players, the BC loungers, the professors, the staff. I love the Wayne corridor that always stinks, the magnolia in Kilgo, the service tunnel that leads to McDonald’s. I love the Chapel! Pink and orange in the sunset, resplendent in the rain. On a good day, after a few drinks, I even get close to loving the neocons.

I love the gardens in spring, at night, at sunrise, in the afternoon. I love the willow oaks, the buttresses, the greenhouses behind BioSci. I love the tunnels. I love the warm cobblestones on my bare feet. I love my friends.

Even though I’m going now, I’ve loved the view.

Mihir Bellamkonda served as the V. 116 Opinion editor after working as a managing editor and a columnist. He has, on various occasions, violated his own rules for rooftops.

Just dough it (or doughn’t) When I pop outside, bare-footed and crumb and true to its name, was Shockingly bleary-eyed, to water my plants in the morning, Easy to make. Just like Oprah, I. Love. Bread.

I feel the cold that has started to linger on my And I’ve been thinking a lot about it lately. concrete balcony floor. Vibrant veins of scarlet Almost every culture has a form of bread:

Hannah Homma Tong COLUMN are slowly bleeding into the tips of the trees that dot the parking lot next door, and I’m reminded that it will be a whole other year before we’ll have sticky, sweaty summer afternoons again.

We’ve entered the part of the semester that always feels like a temporal free-fall, and I’ve reached a point of complete demotivation: detached from the excitement of the beginning and a good ways away from the end, I find myself caught up in the whirlwind of assignments, schedules and deadlines, on the teetering brink of several momentous national reckonings— and yet I am only going through the motions, driven by pure inertia, while time quietly slips away.

The aggressive pace of this compressed semester has only been compounded by the lack of breaks, and I am tired. So much so that I’ve developed a great appreciation for virtual learning solely because the distance from my bed to my lectures is a couple steps at most. Middleof-the-semester naps are an odd coalescence of sublime relief and creeping guilt, and I have precariously treaded the line between self-care and self-indulgence by happily treating myself to naps with great abandon.

Over the past two weeks, I’ve attempted to combat the feeling of rising dread from my inability to adequately focus on anything academic without a pressing deadline by busying myself with productive procrastination. I’ve vacuumed under my bed, pickled some vegetables and finished reading an entire book while resolutely ignoring the readings for my classes.

My crowning achievement in this time has been to bake a Shockingly Easy No-Knead Focaccia Bread in my spanking clean apartment, kitchen counters sparkling. It came out a lovely golden brown with a crispy crust, pillowy

baguette, chapati, injera, mantou, tortillas, pita–bread might be the closest thing to a culinary universality (alcohol might be the next closest thing). Our ancestors developed recipes for bread before they mastered farming, meaning at some point over 10,000 years ago, someone somewhere decided that they loved bread enough to start planting more of the plants they needed to make flour from in order to make more bread (probably). In its most pared-down form, bread can be made from just two ingredients: flour and water. The Shockingly Easy Focaccia bread required just five ingredients, bao buns I made earlier this semester needed four and cinnamon rolls that I thought would be far more finicky than they turned out to be needed just seven—and yet with time and a bit of heat, what came out of the oven each time had a complexity so far from the simplicity of the ingredients that recipe steps could never eloquently explain the true extent of the transformation.

I’ve started to liken the ebbs and flows of growth, both personally and academically, to the process of making bread. It’s helped me to reconcile with the guilt when I feel like I’m only doing the bare minimum and grapple with the undercurrent of constant anxiety about my progress. I try to remember that even though it helps to have a good recipe, a solid plan of action, baking bread always gets easier even if you fumble your way through it the first time around.

Rest will always be a crucial part of the process. I let my Shockingly Easy Focaccia prove overnight because time, not toil, turned out to be the most important ingredient. I’m learning to remind myself that my automatic reaction to taking time off should never be guilt.

Photo by Hannah Homma Tong

Cinnamon rolls, like all bread, offer life lessons.

Sometimes, all it takes is the bare minimum to as you scrape the yeasty, doughy disaster into the rubbish bin. You’ll try again though, learn to not add as much water this time around, to be more patient.

Sometimes, you pick up so much momentum that you manage to make croissants. You’ll have painstakingly laminated the dough, the centers will be aerated and cooked through and you can revel in the buttery, flaky pockets of joy. You’ll learn that your effort can make

even the simplest recipes far greater than the sum of their parts. As we emerge from this, the metaphorical armpit of the semester, into the frenzied sprint towards winter break, take the time to rest, to rise and remember that at the end of the day, it’s all just bread.

Hannah Homma Tong is a Trinity senior who thinks you should try the focaccia recipe at some point. It truly is Shockingly Easy.

20 | TUESDAY, JUNE 1, 2021

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