February 24, 2017

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Duke is looking to close the regular-season with an eighth straight win Sunday at UNC | Sports Page 4

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ONE HUNDRED AND TWELFTH YEAR, ISSUE 60

Banked buzzer-beater ends Duke’s winning streak Mitchell Gladstone The Chronicle SYRACUSE, N.Y.—With an open floor in front of him and just five seconds to play, Syracuse guard John Gillon pushed the ball past midcourt.

The clock ticked down, but the Orange veteran remained calm, finding enough space between three Blue Devils to get off one final shot.

And just as Grayson Allen, Luke Kennard and Amile Jefferson all turned to look, Gillon’s prayer kissed perfectly off the glass and Syracuse students stormed the Carrier Dome floor.

Despite a scorching offensive start from Duke freshman Jayson Tatum, it was the Orange offense that proved too much for the No. 10 Blue Devils down the stretch, as Gillon’s triple at the buzzer sent Syracuse to a 78-75 victory Wednesday night. After the Duke defense limited the Orange to just 8-of-23 shooting in the first 20 minutes, Syracuse erupted to knock down 70.8 percent of its second-half field goal attempts.

“We had chances to put them away,” Kennard said. “We had chances to create a run, but we didn’t execute, we weren’t really aggressive and we didn’t get stops.

Our talk faded away toward the end of the game.”

Before Gillon’s last-second heave, the Blue Devils had an opportunity of their own to grab the lead in the game’s final 10 seconds.

Kennard had the ball in his hands on the right wing, but with the shot clock nearing zero, the sophomore forced up

Austin Peer | The Chronicle John Gillon raced up the court and banked home a 25-foot 3-pointer to give Syracuse an upset win and end Duke’s seven-game winning streak.

a jumper in traffic that clanked off the back iron.

“We knew we would have a chance to get a shot toward the end of the clock but we weren’t able to execute,” Kennard said. “I shot a bad shot, honestly, but again, we shouldn’t have been in that position in the first place with how the game was played.”

Facing an eight-point halftime deficit,

the Orange (17-12, 9-7 in the ACC) appeared the more determined side at the outset of the second half. Syracuse cut into Duke’s cushion with a 7-0 run in less than two minutes thanks to five early points from Gillon, who decimated the Blue Devil defense for 26 points on 9-of-14 shooting and six assists.

The Orange defense also turned

up the heat after the break, clamping down on Tatum—who started the second half 0-of-2 from the field with two turnovers.

“Defensively, this was one of our better efforts all year,” Syracuse head coach Jim Boeheim said. “Duke is a tremendous See M. BASKETBALL on Page 12

Examining the McKenna lawsuit: Does virginity affect consent?

Claire Ballentine The Chronicle

Courtesy of Student Affairs Stephen Bryan noted that the words “virgin” and “virginity” are not in the University’s policy on consent at all.

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Following an article examining a lawsuit filed by men’s soccer player Ciaran McKenna against Duke for allegedly mishandling his sexual assault hearings, The Chronicle is taking a closer look at the specifics of the case. This article examines one finding of McKenna’s second panel.

Sophomore Ciaran McKenna, a men’s soccer player, alleges that Duke violated its own policies during the disciplinary process for his sexual assault hearings, in part by sending his case to be re-examined by a second panel after he appealed the first panel’s findings.

According to the second panel’s findings included in McKenna’s court filing, the panel concluded that based on the complainant’s assertion that she was a virgin, McKenna

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“should have sought additional confirmation that the complainant wanted to engage in sexual intercourse.”

But what does the complainant’s virginity have to do with consent?

The Duke Community Standard notes under its section about hearing procedures for sexual misconduct cases that “a complainant’s or respondent’s prior or subsequent sexual activity is typically not relevant and will only be considered as evidence when the previous or subsequent behavior was substantially similar to the conduct at issue or indicates a pattern of behavior and substantial conformity with that pattern.”

When asked what this statement meant, Dean of Student Conduct Stephen Bryan gave an example of a male student who has been accused of flashing himself to a female student in a dorm hallway. The hypothetical student claims that this was an accident, but

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upon investigation, the University learns that he has repeatedly “accidentally” dropped his towel as he was walking down the hallway past other female students. This might be one of the rare instances when prior sexual activity would be considered, Bryan indicated.

He also emphasized that considering a student’s virginity is typically not permitted in hearings. The words “virgin” and “virginity” are not in the University’s policy on consent at all, he noted.

Despite that, the female student’s virginity was a major focus of discussion in the first panel. She argued to the first panel that one of the reasons she said she did not want to have sex that night was that she was a virgin.

But McKenna claimed one of his teammates had a previous sexual relationship with the alleged victim, which he claimed undermined See VIRGINITY on Page 12

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For Duke’s international students, a tougher road to employment Joyce Er The Chronicle As the Class of 2017 frets about job prospects this Spring, the pressure to find an employer is particularly intense for some of the roughly 180 seniors with foreign citizenship who must reckon with changes to the details of their visa status.

Students in the United States with F-1 visas—typically granted to international students—are usually required to exit the country within 60 days of completing their degree programs. In order to stay longer in the country, international students typically need to either re-enroll in a new degree program or apply to an Optional Practical

Training program.

The OPT program allows students to maintain their student visa and work stateside for a year after graduation, after which they must either find an employer to sponsor a H-1B work visa, enroll in a new program of study or return to their home country.

Some international students suggested the University could work harder to inform the student body about these complex administrative requirements. For example, senior Sophia Jamal, president of the Duke International Association, argued that more resources were crucial.

“Because of the complexity of applying to U.S. jobs as an international student— visa issues, language barriers, cultural

Courtesy of Duke Photography About 180 seniors have foreign citizenship and must navigate changes to their visa status while searching for jobs.

differences, lack of networks and more— we think that the current resources are not sufficient, and we believe that more multifaceted resources can be provided to help international students overcome these challenges,” she wrote in an email.

to the table as an employee.”

Abraham Ng’hwani, Pratt ‘16 and now a project engineer at Gilbane Building Company, said international students are often restricted to technology and finance fields due to the cost of H-1B visas.

“Obviously, the companies that sponsor H-1B are only the large companies who can afford to retain that talent at any cost,” he said. “So they can’t join startups, even though many international students are very entrepreneurial and have the aspiration to build companies.”

And Russell indicated she has heard similar concerns when students come to her office. She wrote in an email that international students feel pressured to pursue a science-oriented degree in order to make themselves attractive to corporations— which otherwise might prefer to hire American-born students and not go through the hassle of sponsoring a work visa.

Failure to adhere to a strict timeline of applications can result in a student forfeiting their internship offer, noted senior Henry Yuen.

“One less commonly known fact among my American friends is that in order to work in the summer starting June, I would have to apply for work authorization in February,” Yuen wrote in an email. “One of my friends applied in late March/early April, and as the application can take three months or more to process, they lost their summer internship.”

Challenges International students must reckon with a host of career-oriented issues on top of the usual academic challenges, noted Sarah Russell, director of academic engagement, global and civic opportunities.

“Along with the usual concerns about finding a program that feels like a good personal fit, in which they can perform well academically, and where they might develop practical skills and knowledge, they are also struggling to distinguish themselves as uniquely valuable to a relatively unreceptive professional market in the U.S.,” Russell wrote in an email.

A 2016 survey by Duke International Association found that international students are most concerned about their careers, wrote senior Elaine Pak in an email.

This ranked above issues such as culture shock, campus life and financial aid.

Some international students discussed the challenge of explaining to employers how work visa sponsorship operates while simultaneously marketing themselves as valuable employees.

“Not everyone you’re interviewing with will know how the process works for international students,” said Charlotte Stoute, a former Duke student and now a Mixed evaluations research registry and regulatory coordinator Student evaluations of the University’s for the Duke Center for Autism and Brain career and visa support were mixed.

Development. “You have to be able to Stoute said she benefited from reaching explain that in a transparent way while being able to emphasize everything that you bring See EMPLOYMENT on Page 12

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Sleep deprivation still affects people removed from light pollution Jamie Cohen The Chronicle Even people living far away from urban lights are sleep deprived, a recent study showed.

Despite Duke researchers’ expectations that the people of Mandena, Madagascar had higher quality sleep due to a lack of light pollution, they found that individuals there slept less but had stronger circadian rhythms.

To test the claim that human sleep has degenerated over the last generation due to the introduction of artificial light, researchers focused on residents of Mandena.

“While electricity has thrown a wrench into our circadian rhythm, this wrench has not yet hit the people of Mandena,” said David Samson, senior research scientist in

Courtesy of Duke Photography David Samson is a senior research scientist in evolutionary anthropology and one of the study’s authors.

evolutionary anthropology and one of the study’s authors. “That’s why they are such a fascinating population to study.”

For most of human evolution, humans’ only experience with light was through the natural cycle of the day. However, artificial light has inhibited the ability to stay in sync with circadian rhythms. As a result of staring at the short-wavelength light emitted from phones, computers and televisions, signals are sent to our brain to secrete less melatonin, a hormone that induces sleepiness.

Duke researchers studied the sleep-wake patterns of 21 people who wore watch-like devices with built-in light as well as motion sensors that tracked their movements and light exposure every minute. Nine participants also took a polysomnogram, a test to determine how deep and restful their sleep was.

Despite having infrequent exposure to artificial lighting, the participants received between 30 minutes to an hour less sleep than the average adult in the U.S. and Italy. The villagers slept on average for about 6.5 hours.

Participants also spent less time in REM sleep, the dream state stage of sleep, compared to Western populations.

Additionally, sleep that the villagers did get was fragmented. With a high population density of approximately 4,000 people per square kilometer, the area is consistently noisy at nighttime.

“It a challenging environment to get a good sleep in,” said Charles Nunn, professor of evolutionary anthropology and another researcher in the study. “The bamboo walls and tin roofs hardly provide a buffer to sounds of loud parties, barking dogs and crying babies.”

Participants often woke up in the middle of

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons Researchers studied the sleep patterns of people in Mandena, Madagascar who had infrequent exposure to artificial lighting.

the night and stayed up for one to two hours before returning to sleep. This is a remnant of past sleep patterns—prior to the nineteenth century, sleep was often segmented into two intervals bridged by a period of wakefulness, explained Roger Ekrich, sleep historian and professor of history at Virginia Tech.

“It used to be entirely normal to wake up in the middle of the night,” Ekrich said.

“People would do everything from pray to use the bathroom to prepare their breakfast in the morning.”

Participants would also compensate for lost nighttime sleep with hour-long naps during the day.

Despite receiving less sleep than other Western populations, 60 percent of the study’s participants reported being happy with their

sleep. The sleep patterns of the participants were substantially more consistent than most Westerners from day to day.

“Their sleep patterns were more consistent because they had stronger circadian rhythms as a result of exposure to natural light and natural temperatures throughout the entire 24-hour day,” Samson said.

In the future, Samson hopes to study the sleep patterns of other traditional populations around the globe, he said. Nunn noted that he intends to look at the effects of stress from risks—including crop failure, theft and losing money—on sleep.

“The populations where we can do this kind of research are undergoing rapid globalization,” Samson said. “We need to act fast and study them now.”

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THE BLUE ZONE

HOW DUKE CAN AVOID A SECOND STRAIGHT LOSS sports.chronicleblogs.com

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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2017

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‘WE DIDN’T HAVE AN ANSWER’

Another poor second-half defensive effort finally catches up to Duke Meredith Cash The Chronicle SYRACUSE, N.Y.—When Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski took his last timeout with 2:20 remaining Wednesday, it seemed like the ensuing sequences could indicate how much Duke had grown during its recent trek up the ACC standings.

Despite having already allowed 46 points in the second half, the Blue Devils led a desperate Syracuse team by two and were a few more timely defensive stops—like the ones that allowed them to escape defeat several times during their seven-game winning streak— away from staying squarely in the hunt for the ACC regular-season title.

But the Orange showed Duke it had played with fire one too many times, and the Blue Devils now find themselves searching for answers defensively yet again heading into their final three games of the year.

Coming out of that timeout, the Orange swung the ball to rookie Tyus Battle on the right wing. Matched up with Duke’s leading scorer in Luke Kennard, the rookie showed no fear of the big moment, putting a nifty dribble move on the Blue Devil sophomore then connecting on one of his many stepback jumpers on the evening.

Wednesday will be remembered for guard John Gillon’s buzzer-beater and spectacular 26-point effort, but sequences like Battle’s timely bucket showed how much progress Duke still has to make to become a true contender. After allowing a season-high 94 points to Wake Forest Saturday, the Blue Devils’ Jekyll-and-Hyde defense appeared for a second straight game, and any more

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Austin Peer | The Chronicle The Blue Devils surrendered 53 second-half points, the third time in four games an unranked opponent has scored 40 points after halftime against Duke.

relapses could cost Duke dearly with only more meaningful games ahead.

“We have to be tougher,” graduate student captain Amile Jefferson said. “We gave up too many possessions and we gave up too many points in the second half. We were flat, so when you let a good team stay in [the game], that will happen.”

The most frustrating aspect of the Blue Devil defense for fans has to be its inconsistency. As usual, Duke is in the top 10 of basketball statistician Ken Pomeroy’s adjusted offensive efficiency metric, but leaky efforts on the other end of the court against Pittsburgh, Clemson and the Demon Deacons made recent home wins much more stressful

than they needed to be.

Injuries certainly account for some of the Blue Devils’ difficulties—all of Duke’s rotation players other than Matt Jones and Luke Kennard have missed significant practice time and repetitions. But the variation within games late in the season after the Blue Devils have seemingly locked in on that end of the court is the most striking aspect of Duke’s defensive woes.

Wednesday was a perfect example.

The Blue Devils took Syracuse out of its transition game in the first half by crashing the offensive glass and hustling back on defense, holding the Orange without a bucket for more than seven minutes during one stretch

and grabbing an eight-point halftime lead.

That lead should have been even larger, as Duke created several transition opportunities off its defense that went awry because of poor execution on the other end.

One of the more talented offensive teams in the ACC had just 25 points, and it seemed like the Blue Devils were on track to burst Syracuse’s NCAA tournament bubble.

But once again, Duke looked lackadaisical on defense as its opponent came out of the locker room throwing punches, often jogging back and failing to corral Gillon, whose virtuoso effort saw plenty of finishes around the rim before his banked triple to win the game.

The Orange made nine of their first 11 shots after halftime and religiously got to the free throw line. With Kennard, junior Grayson Allen and freshman Frank Jackson all playing with four fouls, the Blue Devils backed off even more to avoid fouling out late in the contest.

“We just need to play better defense,” Allen said. “We scored 70-some points.

It was really just our defense and being able to stop them on ball screens up top in the second half. And we didn’t have an answer—Battle got hot.”

All of a sudden, whatever Syracuse wanted offensively became a reality, with inconsistent forwards Tyler Lydon and Tyler Roberson even getting involved. After a Jayson Tatum missed 3-pointer with about six minutes left, Roberson somehow beat Duke’s entire defense down the court, resulting in an uncontested layup even though the Blue Devil guards had ample See JEKYLL-AND-HYDE on Page 9

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Blue Devils set for regular-season finale at UNC Ben Leonard The Chronicle Last time Duke took on its struggling rival in January, it had to find a way to prevail to win without its two best players—Rebecca Greenwell and Lexie Brown. With the Tar Heels limiting the duo to 8-of-27 shooting from the field, Duke had to lean on its role players to pull out a 12-point home win as its offensive development continued.

No. 13 Duke But the Blue Devil vs. offense has appeared to turn the corner in North Carolina recent weeks, with the team ripping off SUNDAY, 3 p.m. seven straight wins by Carmichael Arena at least 10 points and Greenwell and Brown combining for 40.3 points per game in their last three outings heading into the regular-season finale.

After a week off, No. 13 Duke will look to sweep the season series against North Carolina Sunday at 3 p.m. at the Carmichael Arena in Chapel Hill. The Blue Devils have taken six straight against the Tar Heels, and will look to lean on the dynamic duo to shoulder the offense this time around.

“We’re just seeing how well they can rely on each other,” Duke head coach Joanne P. McCallie said. “They enjoy playing together and off of each other and creating opportunities for themselves and also their teammates. It’s becoming evident that if we can continue to have good decision-making, or even better decision-making, that we can score more points and our defense can take a step up a notch as well.”

Despite their recent success, the Blue Devils (24-4, 12-3 in the ACC) still have a few issues to clean up before the end of the regular season. Although Duke has been See W. BASKETBALL on Page 9

Rachel Baber | The Chronicle Junior Lexie Brown has led the Blue Devils to seven straight wins by at least 10 points, including two against top-20 opponents.

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JEKYLL-AND-HYDE from page 4 W. BASKETBALL from page 4 opportunity to get back.

A few minutes later, after one of Battle’s rare misses, Lydon had such good offensive rebounding position that his tip-in barely required him to make contact with the basketball.

Although Jones once again proved his worth as the team’s best defender by holding Syracuse’s leading scorer Andrew White III to one made field goal, the Blue Devils needed more collectively to stave off another opponent’s comeback.

“We couldn’t get anything for Andrew, but that opened up the other guys because there’s no help there because [Jones is] locked out on Andrew,” Orange head coach Jim Boeheim said. “That’s how we get the ball down low.”

Clearly Krzyzewski’s team is capable of defending. The Blue Devils slowed down then-No. 12 North Carolina when they needed to a few weeks ago and did the same at then-No. 20 Notre Dame Jan. 29.

Like those opponents, Syracuse is a potent offensive team at home, with weapons that can score inside and out.

But as was the case for Duke’s past few teams, this one will likely need to find a higher level of consistent defensive intensity to reach its goals.

The Blue Devils were able to find that new gear on defense when they won the national title in 2015— but their inability to do so led to quiet NCAA tournament efforts in 2014 and a year ago.

We knew Duke would likely not be able to keep knocking down timely jumpers to keep its winning streak alive.

Now that it has ended, we will get to see whether the Blue Devils can learn to put quality opponents away on the defensive end when they have the chance.

hot lately, convincingly knocking off top20 foes in Syracuse and Miami in the past few weeks, it has had a couple of lapses that could cost it as competition ramps up in the postseason.

On Sunday, the Hurricanes took advantage of 12 Duke first-half turnovers to go on a 14-0 run and take the lead, and Wake Forest forced 12 turnovers, including seven travels in the first period, to stay close Feb 16.

“We just have one game left before the ACC tournament, so we’ve got stuff to do,” McCallie said. “We’ve got to take care of the ball better, get our assists up, turnovers down, and get some continuity with our rebounding, and playing two halves. The second half against Miami was very different than the first. We need to find a way to play two halves.”

In order to find the sort of consistent play needed in the postseason against the Tar Heels (14-14, 3-12), Duke will need to limit the dynamic duo of Stephanie Watts and Paris Kea. The tandem combines to average 33.9 points per contest to pace a perimeteroriented North Carolina offense, but both players go about their business in very different ways.

A slasher, Kea uses drives inside to dissect opposing defenses, and Watts is a threat to fire away from long range at any given moment.

She averages almost three 3-pointers per game and made 10 in one game earlier this year—she combines with fellow sharpshooter Jamie Cherry to force opposing defense to extend well beyond the arc.

But in the teams’ first matchup, Duke’s matchup zone showed its teeth, forcing Watts into seven turnovers and holding the Tar Heels to just 58 points.

Rachel Baber | The Chronicle Senior Oderah Chidom punished North Carolina’s under-sized frontcourt in the teams’ first meeting Jan. 12.

“You’ve got to be there before the catch, Cooper feast in the paint.

Duke has used a similar formula of before the catch, before the catch,” McCallie said. “She’s got long range, and you really have shutting down perimeter-oriented opponents to be alert to where she is on the floor, find and dominating inside to dominate the her, and get after her. The best way to guard Hurricanes and Orange by a combined score her is not to let her have it, but that’s hard to of 155-125, and one more decisive effort will do because she’s so agile. Limit her touches, send the Blue Devils into the postseason with be there before the catch as much as possible, plenty of momentum.

“They definitely have tremendous guards, and find her in transition.”

Outside of the backcourt duo’s success on and they’re quick and athletic and like to offense, not much has gone right for North push the ball,” McCallie said. “It’s going to be Carolina this season, as it ranks dead least in the same same old situation where we rely on the ACC in scoring defense and rebounding transition defense and really shutting down margin with an undersized lineup. The Tar the gaps as they try to penetrate the gaps, and Heels’ style, which leans heavily on shooting rebounding, similar to how we played Miami beyond the arc, wasn’t very effective against and Syracuse. That’s key for us, because York team Timesconnected Syndication Corporation we’ve got to continue to be better at shutting Duke last The timeNew out—the onSales 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018 gaps and locating shooters—they have just 4 of its 26 3-point attempts and let Blue down For Information Call: 1-800-972-3550 tremendous Devil forwards For Oderah Chidom and Kendall ForRelease Release Thursday, Friday, February February24, 23,2017 2017 3-point shooters.”

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Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 7,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year).

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Choosing a path

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

“

I

n the midst of a monsoon of midterms and papers, harried Trinity sophomores might have seen an email from the Academic Advising Center on Tuesday reminding them that in two short weeks they would be required to submit major declarations. The email in question contained a checklist of eight or nine mandatory steps: “Create your ‘what if’ report,” “Write a brief reflection,” “Complete your advising survey,” etc. To a student who had just finished writing a paper analyzing themes of idolatry in “Paradise Lost” in an advanced English seminar or who had finally finished coding a complicated algorithm for a computer science class, the email, the included checklist and the entire major process probably seemed more like busy work than anything—something to blow off and push through. Today, we argue that without substantial revision, the major declaration process will remain just that.

The ostensible point of our major declaration process, especially the 250-word essay, is to induce self-reflection among students and provide them with a chance to introduce themselves to future departments. But it seems rather unlikely that writing 250 words will either force someone to evaluate their major choice or create a student statement that

academic departments will find useful.

The entire major declaration process could become much more useful if it actually fulfilled its current goals. Major declaration should be a time of soul-searching by students: a period where they have to reflect on why they have chosen the course of study they have. That reflective soul-searching might be prompted by a longer required statement that advisers must approve, or it might be prompted by an application that is simply more robust than our

Editorial current bland one. Major declaration should also truly be a way for students to introduce themselves to departments and become acquainted with their compositions. That might mean that instead of forcing students to write a few generic sentences, the major declaration process asks that they complete detailed questionnaires tailored by individual academic departments, forcing them to explore the topography of the field they have chosen to study and respond to prompts that are interesting to departments.

On the subject of departments, if the major

“The media is right to portray [Trump] as they have. Only a petulant toddler-like man would gain the honor of being president and then not take the time to ‘correctly word his message.’ This is not about ‘managing’ the message. This is about someone who has flagrantly failed, at every turn, to inspire the respect he so angrily demands.”

— “569822,” responding to “The enemy of my enemy is my pen,” published February 22, 2017

H

ave you ever had one of those moments that snaps you out of the mundane day-to-day issues that typically bother you? I find that in my normal routine I have lots of little regrets like missing lunch with a friend, not getting enough sleep, or procrastinating on homework. But last week I gained some fresh insight.

I had gone about my usual day with class in the morning and Perkins in the afternoon and had planned to attend a night-spin class in the Wilson Gym. As much as I’d love to claim that I make it to the gym six days a week, I usually don’t quite hit that goal. So when I actually do snag a spot in a 6:45 p.m. spin class, I inevitably feel a surge of sanctimonious pride.

I had dragged my poor roommate along and as we pushed through hills and tabata drills, I could feel my heart pounding in that “wowI’m-basically-an-athlete” kind of way.

If you’ve ever taken spin, you know that spending an hour in close proximity with thirty, sweaty out-of-breath people can actually

” edit pages

LETTERS POLICY

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CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Editor

declaration process is to be altered, the role of major advisers also ought to be revisited. Currently, the process for assigning major advisers seems to differ by department, but in many large ones it is more or less aleatory. If our second proposed revision were to be implemented, that could change. While it might be difficult for departments to assign students to academically aligned professors with nothing more than 250 empty words, were departments to have access to student responses to their own detailed questions, they could purposefully match students to faculty advisors who shared their academic interests. Doing so would not only help create strong student-faculty relations, but might inspire students to follow in the footsteps of their close faculty advisors and choose to pursue further intellectual and academic exploration.

The bottom line with Duke’s current major declaration process for Trinity students is that it is uninspired. It lies in a strange middle zone between an application that pushes students to make a concerted effort to apply to majors and an application that consists of a checkbox and a signature. Unfortunately, it carries the weaknesses of both and the strengths of neither. It is time to change that.

Lucky

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10 | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2017

Shruti Rao

At that point, I had gathered quite an entourage. After begging not to be carried out on a stretcher, we made our way to the emergency room which miraculously saw me within two hours of being admitted. After meeting several lovely nurses and Duke medical school residents I was given a stern lecture on hydration and eating throughout the day and was discharged with little fanfare.

So why am I telling you about this fairly strange and lengthy life experience? I was absolutely fine, but I realize that I was incredibly lucky. I was lucky that when I collapsed my head hit the wall first instead of directly hitting the tiles of Wilson. I was lucky that I went to the class with my friends and that there were medical students (and premed friends) who were immediately there. I was lucky that all the medical personnel came quickly and that the hospital saw me quickly.

I was lucky that the electrocardogram came back normal and that other than having been dehydrated and missed meals that day, I was

TAMING OF THE SHRU

AMRITH RAMKUMAR, Sports Editor ABBY XIE, News Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Managing Editor ADAM BEYER, Digital Content Director HAN KANG, Photography Editor JACKSON PRINCE, Editorial Page Editor SURABHI BERIWAL, Editorial Board Chair ASA ROYAL, Editorial Board Chair

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be incredibly fun. On the other hand, it can be a little intense and hot. This particular class got the best of me and at the end of the class I passed out and hit my head.

If you’re wondering what it’s like to pass out in the basement of Wilson, it goes a little bit like this: your friends will freak out. They will frantically shake you and ask you to tell them your name, what day it is, and what was the last thing you remember. Then the (very well meaning) staff at Wilson will ask you (in your semi-passed out state) to tell them your address and personal info while they diligently fill out some kind of electronic form on an iPad. The medical student who just happens to have been taking the class will take your pulse and ask you if you can see properly. At some point multiple police officers will arrive and ask for your unique ID, followed by an EMS team who will then call another team of medics from Duke Hospital.

fine.

Not everyone gets to move on. I rarely go to hospitals, but while waiting in the ER I was struck by how sad and scared some of the patients looked. I know that emergency room is where people who need immediate medical attention go, but seeing the patients there still had an impact on me. I couldn’t help but to think that all day, while I’m usually going to class and meetings, there are people constantly filtering through the Duke Emergency Room less than a mile away.

The obvious lesson here is to drink water and eat before a cardio workout. What I actually took away from it is that I should be a little more grateful that I get to have mundane problems and be a little more thoughtful about making sure that life is balanced.

Shruti Rao is a Trinity junior. Her column, “taming of the shru,” runs on alternate Fridays.

JULIE MOORE, Creative Director The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors.

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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2017 | 11

Tackling fear of Weighty matters awkward conversation O

L

et’s talk about what equity looks like at Duke, and more so, let’s talk about what equity looks like in a land far, far away called the real world. Students come to Duke with varying socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds, and, in these politically polarized times, it seems that students from different backgrounds are less able to talk to each other. This leaves students with marginalized identities feeling that their stories are brushed aside.

We are DSG’s Equity and Outreach Committee, and we want to help start conversation on what increasing equity looks like and help illuminate the experiences of students of marginalized identities.

By restarting the You Don’t Say? campaign, we want to revive an important conversation about language. The campaign is aimed at highlighting how certain words and terms are hurtful by having students from all walks of life explain why they find them offensive. Many

Equity and Outreach Committee DUKE STUDENT GOVERNMENT times, and understandably so, students are afraid to engage in conversation because they are afraid they might not be politically correct.

And trying to be politically correct can be difficult if you never learned why using certain language can be hurtful towards your peers. So we want to clarify the language that is hurtful in order to prevent conversations meant to facilitate understanding from becoming conversations full of insult. This campaign isn’t about “political correctness,” and limiting people’s speech—it’s a campaign meant to facilitate mutual respect between two people, in order to start conversation.

When it comes to equity, it’s easy to avoid conversation that makes us uncomfortable.

A lack of conversation leads to a lack of understanding, which then leads to mischaracterizing the identities of different students on campus, especially marginalized students. By having our tampon initiative available in all Bryan Center restrooms, regardless of the way they are gendered, we address key issues. First, we hope to reduce the stigma around menstruation by having tampons seen as regular sanitary products just as necessary as toilet paper. Second, we spark thought and then subsequent conversation on why tampons are needed in men’s restrooms, since some transgender men and gender non-binary individuals also menstruate. Through these conversations, we provide space for students to be more cognizant that trans students are part of their community and to realize we can make Duke more equitable for them.

Facilitating space for discussion on identity and equity is another way in which we want to facilitate productively uncomfortable conversations. With our #LeftorRight? photo campaign, we tapped into how beauty is defined by society in a Eurocentric, heteronormative way. In order to be conscious of this, we all have to be conscious of our own implicit biases and talk honestly about how attracted we are to different races, what markers make one “feminine” or “masculine,” and how our society assumes that dichotomy of attraction. That is why we held a panel

aimed at discussing beauty standards honestly and admitting how our implicit biases affect who we say we are attracted to and who we say we aren’t. Although it’s hard to admit you have implicit bias, it’s that discomfort we all need to delve into in order to start talking and start understanding.

We work hard to bring equity-related issues to the forefront, and our number-one goal is to get students talking about these issues. But room still remains for our work to be done.

We balance advocacy for all students and amplifying the voices of marginalized students by trying to facilitate conversations. We want to create avenues for discussion that don’t rely upon marginalized people to teach the majority about themselves, and we take it as our prerogative to fill those gaps. Because at the end of the day, if we are to fight a polarized national climate that says that we are too far apart to meet in the middle, we all have to listen, and we all have to take the time to understand the

ne morning in prenatal clinic I was catching up with a patient early in her second trimester. The patient’s morning sickness had abated and she was excited about her pregnancy. We went over her medications—just a prenatal vitamin and a baby aspirin. She asked why the doctor had prescribed the aspirin and I explained that her doctor had started the medication because she had multiple moderate risk factors for preeclampsia, including obesity.

The low-dose aspirin would significantly reduce the risk of preeclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. She looked at me hurt, confused and a little angry before blurting out, “Are you calling me fat?”

In that moment, seeing the concern and hurt on her face, I felt terrible. Pregnancy is a time when the human body does amazing and spectacular things. Pregnancy is also a time where the body changes significantly, in ways that can clash with the strict American interpretation of an Acceptable Female Body.

The last thing I wanted to do was make this woman feel self conscious about her body, or feel shamed by her healthcare providers.

Lauren Groskaufmanis

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fat acceptance movement. Generally these writers and activists support the perspective that bodies come many sizes, and that all bodies have equal value. They support an idea that health is achievable at all sizes, and question the linear connection between obesity and illness, thinness and health. They stridently assert that people have the right to exist in their body without discrimination, prejudice or commentary. They’re sick of the reductionist view of fat bodies as ill, inferior, and unattractive put forth by society and the medical establishment.

The works of the body positivity and fat acceptance writers are radical, challenging and a breath of fresh air compared to the general vitriol directed at larger bodies. However, I was struck by an underlying question—can a doctor be body positive, but still advocate for weight loss in medically appropriate settings? In many ways the experiences of the body positive writers was divergent from the patients I had seen in clinic. The writers were educated about demonstrated high levels of health literacy. Despite being overweight, many of them were highly active and none

THE PICTURE OF HEALTH

different identities of our peers.

So far, here are a few things we’re up to: created a long-term action plan for Gender Inclusive Restrooms; launched a coalition group of student groups dedicated to gender violence prevention (Duke Students Against Gender Violence); restarted the You Don’t Say? Campaign in collaboration with Blue Devils United aimed at talking about hurtful language that serve as microaggressions against fellow students; began the #LeftorRight?

Campaign about racialized beauty standards and a Identity Panel on Beauty Standards; worked with Mi Gente and administration to create online resources for Undocumented/ DACA students; created a pilot program in the Bryan Center Plaza to provide free menstrual hygiene products in all bathrooms and; created a pilot program for stipends for students staying over breaks (to start Spring 2017) to increase financial equity at Duke.

Projects Completed: 1. Created a long term action plan for Gender Inclusive Restrooms: http://tinyurl. com/GIrestrooms 2. Launched a coalition group of student groups dedicated to gender violence prevention (Duke Students Against Gender Violence ) Look out for the Launch Event in March!

3. You Don’t Say? Campaign in collaboration with Blue Devils United aimed at talking about hurtful language that serve as microaggressions against fellow students. Photos have been taken, and look out for the exhibit in March!

4. #LeftorRight? Campaign about racialized beauty standards and a Identity Panel on Beauty Standards. Come Friday, February 17th at 5 pm in Perkins 217!

5. Worked with Mi Gente and administration to create online resources for Undocumented/ DACA students. Check it out on the Financial Aid and Admissions website!

6. Created a Pilot program in the Bryan Center Plaza to provide free menstrual hygiene products in all bathrooms 7. Created a Pilot program for stipends for students staying over breaks (to start Spring 2017) to increase financial equity at Duke.

Have something to say?

Submit a letter to the editor to cfb24@duke.edu.

The evidence shows that the patient’s elevated weight could put her, and her baby, at risk, and our intervention could help protect them both. However this information was delivered within a charged societal context.

Rates of obesity are rising in the US. In 1990, less than 15 percent of American adults were obese, while today that figure stands at 36.5 percent. There are legitimate criticisms of the most common tool to assess obesity status—body mass index—but nevertheless the trend is obvious. While not all overweight or obese people are unhealthy, obesity increases risk for heart disease, diabetes, certain types of cancer and osteoarthritis.

Despite the rising prevalence of the disease, cultural biases against the overweight and obese persist. While evidence suggests that a complex mix of genetics, hormones and environmental cues all play a role in body weight, many still attribute obesity to a lack of discipline or laziness. These deeply held cultural beliefs translate into concrete ramifications. Obese children are more likely to experience bullying.

Obese people are paid less than their peers of normal weight. Importantly, exposure to these biases does not spur people to lose weight, and may in fact predispose individuals to further weight gain.

Medical providers are not immune from these biases. Anecdotes abound about doctors, nurses or EMTs who behave cruelly or insensitively towards overweight patients.

One survey found that 24 percent of nurses agreed or strongly agreed that caring for an obese patient repulsed them. Another study documented significant bias against obese patients among medical students. Patients may avoid care care if they do not trust their medical provider, leading to delayed diagnoses and treatment. Similarly the providers’ bias can lead to misdiagnoses, particularly if all problems are arbitrarily attributed to weight.

As a counterbalance to this overwhelming cultural negativity, I began reading works from writers who identify with the body positivity or

disclosed the harbingers of impending metabolic disease such as elevated blood sugar or abnormal lipids.

In clinic, on the other hand, I see many patients with limited nutritional education.

One patient lost 30 pounds after cutting sweetened carbonated beverages from his diet.

Before talking to a nutritionist, he just didn’t realize how bad the soda was. Other patients face significant environmental barriers to maintaining a healthy weight. Some patients live in food deserts, where access to fresh fruits, vegetables, meat and dairy are limited. For some patients, concerns about neighborhood safety precluded outdoor exercise, along with underfunded parks and recreation centers.

Many of these patients would like to lose weight, not to bend to societal norms, but because they saw an uncle’s eyesight decline due to diabetes, or a neighbor struggle after a heart attack. Other patients see weight loss as a tool they can use to avoid taking expensive medications with disruptive side effects.

When doctors talk about fighting the obesity epidemic, it’s an effort to mobilize resources to better serve this population.

I strongly believe that, for some patients, gradual weight loss through sustained lifestyle change is an important tool for improving health. I also strongly believe that patients should be respected and afforded exceptional care regardless of any physical characteristic, including weight. We cannot have conversations about weight without acknowledging societal prejudices, but it would be a disservice to patients if we stopped having conversations about weight due to awkwardness or potential for conflict. Perhaps, the best thing is to enter these conversations with empathy, honesty, and a good faith efforts to promote health, in the face of a culture that can be shallow and cruel.

Lauren Groskaufmanis is a graduate student in the school of medicine. Her column, “the picture of health,” runs on alternate Fridays.

Interested in contributing to campus dialogue?

Submit a guest column to jackson.prince@duke.edu.

12 | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2017

VIRGINITY from page 1 her credibility. The first panel tried to contact the teammate to determine whether he had in fact previously had sex with the female student, but was unable to reach him.

Howard Kallem, Duke’s director of Title IX compliance, said that if one sexual partner stated they were a virgin, that would not necessarily signify that the person did not want to have sex.

He emphasized that the determination would depend on the broader context.

“I don’t think a statement that someone is a virgin by itself would be enough—you would have to look at what else they were saying, what else they were doing,” Kallem said.

The second panel’s report noted that both parties were in agreement that the complainant told McKenna she was a virgin before sexual intercourse began.

“Based on that comment, the respondent reasonably should have known that there was not clear consent,” the report stated.

Senior Jessica Van Meir, president of We Are Here Duke, an organization that works to address gender violence, said that virginity is irrelevant in determining whether someone wants to have sex.

She speculated, however, that the second panel considered this in its findings because the alleged victim making such a statement could have indicated her reluctance to move forward with sexual acts.

“I would think the reason they said that is that making that kind of statement indicates some hesitancy, in my interpretation of it,” Van Meir said.

She noted that because society considers losing one’s virginity to be a big event, gaining additional affirmation would be a basic matter of respect.

“If you know your partner is a virgin, you should be even more careful to make sure that is really what someone wants to do,” she said.

In contrast, Kallem said that one party

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being a virgin would not necessitate the other obtaining a higher level of consent than he or she otherwise normally would.

“There’s nothing in the policy that would specifically require that,” he said.

The second panel’s findings mentioned that although the complainant said she told McKenna that she wanted to remain virgin, McKenna disputed this.

“Even assuming the [McKenna’s] account was true, the complainant’s statement created enough ambiguity that clearer consent needed to be obtained,” it said.

Kallem confirmed that the mere fact one party was a virgin would not affect the policy’s requirements for gaining consent.

“You know somebody who is a virgin could be saying go easy on me, be gentle,” he added. “Or I’m a virgin and therefore I’m not ready to give up my virginity...it depends upon the context and what is being said or done at the time.”

Monika Johnson-Hostler, executive director of the North Carolina Coalition Against Sexual Assault, said she has never heard of a university mentioning virginity in its consent policy.

“That’s usually not a point that we kind of hone in on,” she said. “For us, it’s more specific around that it is affirmative consent.”

She added that is it more important for universities to clearly define consent and make sure everyone is aware of that policy.

Johnson-Hostler said that she does not recommend universities mention virginity in their consent policies. She added that she has seen cases in which alleged victims did not bring up virginity to their alleged offender but that the topic of virginity does come up in hearings.

If the panel addressed a factor that was not included in the consent policy, she said she could see why McKenna would use it in a case against the University.

“I am definitely shocked that if virginity isn’t included [in the policy], then how is that an assertion in the outcome?” JohnsonHostler said.

EMPLOYMENT from page 2 out to the Career Center and Duke Visa Services early in her sophomore year.

“I personally received a lot of support from Duke during my undergraduate career,” she said. “The technicalities of all these different positions can be very complicated sometimes, and so I was in touch with them very early on to understand which opportunities I could pursue under my current status.”

During the course of her study at Duke, Stoute secured two summer fellowships which did not constitute employment because they were unpaid, but which nonetheless allowed her to gain valuable internship experience without running down her 12 months of OPT. After graduation, she got her job at the Autism Center.

However, other students have called for more support, particularly information sessions to provide updates on visa policy amendments. Yuen wrote that Duke does a “poor job” of informing students about eligibility requirements, and that the international students he knows tend to rely on word-of-mouth updates instead.

“International Association hosted two panels about OPT and the career search, which have been phenomenal—the challenge is now for Duke to make these student-driven efforts and resources more necessarily established and known,” he wrote.

Although junior Jenny Shang acknowledged that federal policies are frequently the source of constraints, she nonetheless highlighted how important the University’s communication truly is.

“I think a lot of the times complication originates in the changing policies on a larger scale,” she said. “Really all Duke could do is to inform international students of changes that could affect them, encourage them to consider visa issues early on and

remaining, a Gillon layup tied the transition on both ends of the court, affair at 75, setting the stage for the however, cost Duke a chance to extend late-game drama. its winning streak to eight as it ultimately “[Gillon] got hot there in the second wasted 16 offensive rebounds. half for a stretch and The Blue Devils hit very big shots for will play their them,” Allen said. second road game e’s hit a lot of big shots “He’s hit a lot of big of the week Saturday for them all year, so we shots for them all year, afternoon when they so we knew that would knew that would happen if we head to Miami. happen if we let him let him get going.

“It hurts, especially get going.” to lose on a buzzerAlthough Syracuse beater,” Kennard — Grayson Allen on John seemed like it could said.

“It’s tough, but Gillon not miss in the at the same time, we second half, the Orange looked lost to start can’t dwell on this.... We want to continue the game. Duke held Syracuse without a to win. We have to learn, move forward and made basket for more than seven minutes get ready for the next one.” midway through the opening period, but No. 8 North Carolina’s win against No. 7 missed several opportunities in transition Louisville Wednesday means Duke sits two that would have extended its eight-point games back of the Tar Heels in the ACC halftime lead. standings with three games left and the A week removed from a career-best teams’ rematch on tap in 10 days.

28-point performance at then-No. 14 Virginia, Tatum was hot from the getgo, posting a double-double in the first half with 14 points and 10 boards before intermission. “[Tatum] is a great scorer, so he can go one-on-one and he’s really stepped up his game for us,” Allen said. “I don’t think he’s necessarily getting more looks, but he’s being more efficient and he’s attacking the glass very hard.”

But with the Orange defense keying on Tatum late in the game, it was Kennard who had to deliver down the stretch.

The sophomore was tasked with breaking down Syracuse’s 2-3 zone from the free-throw line, yet still found plenty of opportunities from long distance. Kennard hit on 3-of-5 3-point attempts in the second Austin Peer | The Chronicle half and finished with 23 points to lead Sophomore Luke Kennard had another big Duke’s offensive effort. night with 23 points, taking advantage of soft The Blue Devils’ missed chances in spots in Syracuse’s 2-3 zone.

H

Austin Peer | The Chronicle The Orange faithful stormed the court after halting their three-game losing streak and earning a second straight win against the Blue Devils.

M. BASKETBALL from page 1 offensive basketball team, but defensively we were better…. We forced them into tough shots.”

From there, the game got physical and Duke (22-6, 10-5) found itself in foul trouble. With just fewer than eight minutes to play, Kennard, Frank Jackson and Grayson Allen all had picked up four personal fouls as the game continued to be a back-and-forth affair.

Graduate student Amile Jefferson then stepped up inside when his team needed him most. The Philadelphia

native scored 11 of the Blue Devils’ final 16 points to keep the team afloat as Tyus Battle—who had 18 points, including multiple key late jumpers—and Syracuse continued relentlessly attacking a passive Duke defense.

“Their offensive execution was just a lot better in the second half,” Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “The first half was slow. They started pushing the ball a little bit more and we didn’t push as much in the second half.”

After a Tyler Lydon tip-in gave the Orange a 71-70 lead, Allen silenced the Syracuse faithful, drilling a 3-pointer to put Duke back up a pair.

But with a little less than a minute

provide timely support when students do need help.”

President Donald Trump has indicated that he is considering revisions to H-1B policies consistent with his “America First” message—for example, by changing what jobs qualify for the visa. Both Democrats and Republicans have also proposed legislation to curb H-1B visas as well, like by raising the minimum salary to qualify for the visa. No changes have been made official as of yet.

But first-year Qasim Hameed called for information sessions run by experts, rather than alumni, to address work authorization policy changes.

“While it’s definitely nice to have that experienced perspective, I felt that the talks tended to shift toward more general advice than a thorough exploration of the specifics,” he said. “In such uncertain circumstances, it can be a help to have someone with knowledge give you an idea of exactly what you have to do and expect, which is better than being lost in the excessive realm of the internet looking for information.”

The number of information sessions about CPT and OPT has been increased this semester in accordance with a yearly procedural review, wrote Lola Yelverton, director of Duke Visa Services, in an email.

She added that Duke Visa Services works closely with outside immigration counsel to provide information sessions and for individual cases.

International upperclassmen who are unfamiliar with OPT should reach out to International Association or Duke Visa Services right away, Yuen wrote. He added that students should work with Duke Visa Services to file for OPT so it is approved early on, even if they do not have offers on hand.

“As an international student, you’re seeking a job while being on a ticking clock,” Stoute said.