November 14, 2019 by Duke Chronicle

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019 DUKECHRONICLE.COM

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTEENTH YEAR, ISSUE 25

Students question Divinity School’s response to Methodist LGBTQ+ vote Bre Bradham | Associate Photo Editor

By Anna Zolotor Staff Reporter

As controversy surrounds the United Methodist Church’s stance on LGBTQ+ rights, some students argue that Duke Divinity School has struggled to support its own LGBTQ+ students. In February 2019, the UMC voted at its general conference to uphold and strengthen its ban on the ordination and marriage of LGBTQ+ people. In May 2020, at another General Conference meeting, the Church will debate a potential breakup in the UMC between the congregations that support full inclusion of LGBTQ+ people and those that do not. The day the February vote was announced, Divinity School Dean L. Gregory Jones released a statement emphasizing that although the Divinity School receives significant funding from the church, it seeks to create an environment where students and faculty are permitted to have differing views on sexuality. “I know I speak for many in grieving the deep wounds to the United Methodist Church,” Jones wrote in the statement. Third-year Master of Divinity student

Madeline Reyes, who identifies as queer and bisexual, said she felt that the statement “was very vague,” which was “very hurtful to a lot of people.” Reyes is a member of Divinity Pride— the Divinity School’s LGBTQ+ student group formerly known as Sacred Worth. She identifies with the United Church of Christ and is also a practicing Jew. The statement “notably did not actually name LGBTQIA+ issues at all,” Reyes said. She argued that this was disrespectful to LGBTQ+ Methodist students who suddenly had to reconsider their life plans if they had been seeking ordination in the Methodist Church. Jones wrote in an email to The Chronicle that the statement was meant to “interpret the broader context” of the UMC decision, and that he emailed a second statement to students and faculty the next day that “explicitly mention[ed] our concern for LGBTQIA+ students.” “We acknowledge the particular pain that the LGBTQ+ community is experiencing as a result of the last few days, both here at Duke Divinity School and around the world,” Jones wrote in the second statement. “This includes

especially United Methodists, but is not limited to our denomination. We value and honor your presence, witness, and calling in our community.” Jones’ email asked that staff and faculty members “be prepared to engage with students” about the controversial decision in supportive ways. The statement also reminded readers that the Divinity School exists “to prepare students for a variety of forms of Christian ministry,” not just for Methodist ordination. Lastly, Jones condemned “hateful rhetoric” and expressed the hope that people in the Divinity School would try to “be hospitable and charitable to one another” in trying times. Michael Vazquez, a second-year Master of Theological Studies student at the Divinity School and co-president of Divinity Pride, agreed with Reyes. He said that the statement reflected “a general lack of care and concern for LGBTQ+ students at the Divinity School in light of the decision.” “If you’re choosing to remain in a posture of neutrality, you are in effect saying ‘Your lives are insignificant to us, or See DIVINITY on Page 4

Duke receives $261 million for research, financial aid By Nathan Luzum Managing Editor

Duke will receive a $261 million distribution from the LORD Corporation, the University announced Wednesday morning. The money will be added to Duke’s endowment, where it will be used to help fund undergraduate financial aid, research at the Pratt School of Engineering and the new engineering building currently under construction. The windfall comes after the LORD Corporation was recently sold, leading to the distribution of more than $1 billion in funding to four research institutions. Based in Cary, N.C., the manufacturing company is tied to four Lord Foundations in different states. One of these is the Lord Foundation of North Carolina, which supports Duke. Duke is splitting the nine-figure sum with the beneficiaries of three other foundations—the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Southern California and the Cleveland Clinic. “The Lord Foundation’s exceptional support for Duke will transform our efforts to address the world’s most intractable problems,” President Vincent Price said in a news release. “From the foundation’s earliest investments in our Pratt School of Engineering to this truly visionary distribution, Tom Lord has left a lasting legacy on Duke’s campus, one that will continue to improve the lives of our students, faculty, staff and those who benefit from their work, for many decades to come.” Established in 1984, the Lord Foundation of North Carolina has given more than $47 million to Duke. The funding has contributed to the Pratt Research Fellows program, an overhauled introductory engineering course and the establishment of endowed professorships. “Duke engineering has been on an incredible upward trajectory across nearly every measure in recent years, and the Lord Foundation has provided a significant boost to our success,” said Ravi Bellamkonda, Vinik dean of the Pratt School of Engineering, in a news release.

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We asked you for bite-size stories about love. Here’s what you told us. By Hannah Miao Staff Writer

In the spirit of The New York Times’ adored “Modern Love” column, now an Amazon Prime television show, I invited Duke students and alumni to submit their own “Tiny Love Stories” told in 100 words or less. Here’s what they had to say. Kissing Under the Milky Way I discover the cute boy sitting next to me in my Neuro101 discussion is applying to the same DukeEngage program as me. I joke that I might kill him in his sleep to ensure I get a spot in the cohort. Instead, we both get a spot and I fall in love with him. We share our first kiss under the milky way in the middle of the desert. Then, we get married (for a DukeEngage cultural excursion). We were

together for about 3 years. I hated Duke often, but I loved it because it brought me him. —Kelsey Graywill, Trinity ‘18 Opposites Attract We kissed at a UNC bar — two Duke students alone in a sea of state-school fervor. It was a love story as old as time: Boy meets Girl, Girl talks to Boy, Boy and Girl hit it off. Then, of course, Girl turns out to be a lesbian, Boy is about as gay as one could possibly be, and they kiss in celebration of how little attraction they have for one another. The kiss held as much meaning as any straight kiss, but in the opposite direction. It cemented every desire to find our special someone, just not each other. —Yousuf Rehman, senior Hannah Miao | Contributing Graphic Designer

See LOVE on Page 7

Middle schoolers visit Duke

Vernon Careys Blue Devils to victory

How to fix DSG

Around 300 Durham middle school students toured the University as part of a Duke-Durham program. PAGE 2

Men’s basketball center Vernon Carey led Duke over Central Arkansas with a double-double. PAGE 8

Columnist Reiss Becker wants to fix Duke Student Government with representation by house. PAGE 3

INSIDE — You’ll fall in love with these articles and columns | Serving the University since 1905 |

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300 Durham middle schoolers visit Duke for a taste of college By Anna Zolotor Staff Reporter

At lunchtime last Friday, the Bryan Center was filled not only with Duke students munching on McDonalds and cramming for midterms, but also with the garlicky smell of Papa John’s pizza and the excited chatter of hundreds of eighth graders who were about to eat it. This past Friday marked the 19th year of the Duke-Durham School Days program, an annual event that brings 300 Durham Public Schools eighth graders to campus for a day of activities designed to introduce them to the college experience. Organized by Duke’s Office of Durham and Community Affairs as part of its Duke-Durham Neighborhood Partnership, the event is aimed at students who would be the first in their family to attend college. The eighth graders were divided into thirty groups of ten, each with an individual itinerary that was facilitated by two Duke faculty or staff members and at least two Duke students, according to David Stein, senior educational and PepsiCo program coordinator in the Office of Durham and Community Affairs. All groups visited a residence hall, attended an academic session run by a Duke faculty member in their lab or other place of study and listened to speakers who “put the day in context,” said Stein, who directs the School Days program. This year’s keynote speaker was senior Treniyyah Anderson, a first-generation student from Philadelphia, Pa. Stein noted that the program brings eighth graders on campus during the Fall semester to encourage them to consider college as an option before they register for high school classes in the spring. “If they don’t wind up choosing a collegebound track, it’s almost impossible to switch later,” he said.

Emily Qin | Staff Photographer Middle schoolers got to see a residence hall and listen to various Duke faculty members.

During lunch, The Chronicle talked to several eighth graders to find out what was their favorite part of the day. “All of it,” Cindy Torres, Perla Gonzales and Kelly Melcho said in unison. The girls, Shepard Magnet Middle School students, expressed excitement about the wide variety of language classes offered at Duke. They are all currently enrolled in Chinese classes at their middle school, but would like to learn Korean, French and Portuguese. They all indicated that they want to attend college. Torres said she wants to “be a lawyer, to defend immigrants,” Gonzales is interested in pursuing art or history and Melchor would like to study theater. The girls added that, after today, they’re Duke fans. “We weren’t prepared, but we’ve been converted,” Torres said.

Another group of students from Lowe’s Grove Magnet Middle School shared that they loved seeing the Duke Chapel. Eighth grader Bashar Shahbin liked “sculptures on the wall going into the Chapel,” while another student in the group, Lynette Martin, said “this place reminds [her] of a city. It’s all so beautiful.” Depending on their group assignment, students also visited the Edge, Technology Engagement Center, Mary Lou Williams Center for Black Culture, Center for Multicultural Affairs and Research Greenhouse, among other important spots on campus. First-year Sophie Johnson volunteered to spend time playing drums in the Student Wellness Center with the visiting eighth graders. Johnson noted that the students in her group were “so spirited and interested,” adding that they were particularly excited to talk about

Duke basketball. “It’s really important to encourage higher education and reach out to the Durham community,” she said. School Days was founded as a community outreach event, Stein said, but the original program looked very different. Visiting students simply sat in an auditorium, listening to various speakers and watching performances. Stein, who joined the program in its first year and has been directing it ever since, said at the time he didn’t think that the format “grabbed eighth graders,” so under his leadership the event has gone through a number of changes. The event was originally hosted in the spring, he noted, but it was moved to the fall in response to feedback from guidance counselors who said that it was important to give the students adequate time to process their experience before registering for high school courses. Additionally, students now attend academic sessions specifically tailored to their age group, whereas in the past they sat in on Duke classes. Stein shared that one of the most impactful parts of the program is the visits to residence halls. “That’s so completely foreign to them. They’ve never really thought about how there’s a whole life outside of class,” he said. Another important part of the day is “meeting and talking with current college students,” Stein added. The program has not conducted formal evaluations to quantify its long-term outcomes due to the high cost of such assessments, but Stein said of collegiate School Days alumni, “we don’t have any data, but they keep popping up.” Stein indicated he has met some of these alumni as Duke students, and that others have gone on to receive the Morehead-Cain Scholarship to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

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Duke students rally in DC as Supreme Court hears DACA arguments By Matthew Griffin University News Editor

WASHINGTON, D.C.—Duke students braved the cold and rain Tuesday to join a rally outside the U.S. Supreme Court building in support of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. The Supreme Court heard oral arguments Tuesday in a case that will decide the fate of the Obama-era executive action, which protects around 700,000 immigrants who came to the United States as children from the threat of deportation. Seniors Axel Herrera Ramos and Ana Ramirez, junior Salvador Chavero Arellano and sophomore Ana Trejo drove to Washington, D.C., to voice their support for the program outside the building as lawyers presented their cases inside. Ramirez, a DACA recipient who was born in Ecuador and whose family became undocumented while attempting to get a different kind of visa, said she came to fight for her parents, sisters, friends—and herself. “I hate the feeling of helplessness, and if there’s anything I can do to feel like I’m contributing to the fight, I will,” she said. Light rain fell from a dull gray sky as the students joined a group of marchers outside Washington’s Union Station. They were dressed for the occasion: Trejo’s shirt read “Defend DACA, Abolish ICE, Citizenship for All,” while Ramirez and Herrera held signs that said “Defend DACA” and, “Yo soy un americano,” meaning “I am an American.” The group walked together to the Supreme Court building, where a crowd had gathered. People were bundled up in the cold, but many wore hats that read “Home is Here” or held signs in gloved hands. They chanted “here to stay” as a drummer kept a beat. The event featured a number of speakers, many of whom were undocumented.

Matthew Griffin | Contributing Photographer The four students stood outside the Supreme Court building, weathering cold and rain to take a stand.

Among them was actor Bambadjan Bamba, known for playing Bambadjan on the NBC show “The Good Place,” who recounted his experience immigrating from the Ivory Coast at the age of 10. The four Duke students met Bamba after his speech and got a picture with him. Bamba told The Chronicle that it was “exciting” to see young people like them at the rally. “The youth always inspired me because they’re the reason I started sharing my story publicly,” he said. “They’re the ones that really forced [former President Barack] Obama to sign this executive order of DACA, so I’m always grateful to be in the presence of a bunch of young people.” DACA’s road to the Supreme Court began two years ago, when President Donald Trump attempted to end the program. His administration argued that the order was

unconstitutional, and the president then welcomed Congress on Twitter to pass legislation enshrining the program in law. However, lower courts found that the decision to cut off the program was “arbitrary and capricious.” Three separate challenges to Trump’s order were eventually consolidated into the current case, for which the Supreme Court will issue a decision before the term ends in June. Duke students have been fighting for DACA since it was first threatened. Herrera and Chavero traveled to Washington in November 2017, along with other members of the student group Define American, to lobby for legislation that would legalize the program. The students’ trip to Washington, D.C., this week was funded by Define American’s national organization, which paid for hotel rooms and other expenses.

Herrera, a Dreamer who came to the United States from Honduras at the age of 7, also played a role in the Supreme Court case. An amici curiae brief filed by the National Education Association and National ParentTeacher Association in defense of DACA includes him in a list of Dreamers who benefited from the program. “DACA gave me access to education,” Herrera said in the brief, noting he received the Golden Door Scholarship, which was established to support DACA recipients in their pursuit of a college degree. Along with 18 other colleges and universities, Duke signed an amicus brief in the case last month supporting DACA. The University’s administration backed the 2017 trip and has stood in support of Dreamers and a legislative version of the program. “The issue with the DACA students is always at the top of our priority list, and it’s something that we continually talk to members of Congress about, encouraging them to come up with a solution,” said Chris Simmons, associate vice president in the office of government relations. On Tuesday, the four Duke students took a more symbolic role. They stood together as the morning wore on, listening to speeches and awaiting the end of the 80-minute oral arguments. The rain began to fall harder. The signs were hidden by a sea of multicolored umbrellas. Still, the crowd chanted and cheered and, at one point, sang a song. “I think it’s important to… remind people, and remind each other, as well, that we’re there, and that we’re here to stay, and that we’re there for each other,” Herrera said. “Especially right now.” The students had more than DACA on their minds. Chavero, a Dreamer who came to See SUPREME COURT on Page 4

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DIVINITY FROM PAGE 1 at least not significant enough for us to make a statement in full support of your right to exist,’” Vazquez said. He argued that the administration attempted to remain neutral on the UMC vote, but said that many faculty members did not. Although some professors were very supportive and gave students valuable time and space to reflect, he heard reports of several faculty members who “downplayed it or made jokes about the whole process and about the impact, trying to make it seem as if it wasn’t a significant event.” Aside from the statements, the Divinity School hosted an event called “A Time of Solidarity and Support for LGBTQIA+ Students at Duke Divinity,” which included a prayer, a platform for LGBTQ+ students to speak and a pizza lunch. Jones wrote that in addition to that event and his two statements, the “Methodist House hosted several events in March and April, and we hosted a number of other gatherings.” However, Reyes says that the usual process is that LGBTQ+ students in the Divinity School have to navigate their

discussions and reflections on their own. “We really just have to build community and then talk to people,” she said. Divinity Pride has a mailing list of around 70 students, Vazquez said, and it “exists to create a space for queer students at the Divinity School to engage in theological discussion about sexuality, navigating primarily queer students’ own experiences.” The group also provides space for discussion and collaboration with non-queer students who identify as allies. Many Divinity Pride students, including Reyes, were among those who interrupted former Dean Elaine Heath’s State of the School address in Spring 2018 to present a list of 15 demands, measures they felt the Divinity School needed to take in support of its LGBTQ+ population. Reyes said that many of the demands LGBTQ+ students made at their protest in 2018 were met, including requests for a queer theology class and gender-neutral signage for the bathrooms. However, not everyone was satisfied. “A lot of the more impactful demands, specifically those that required funding, like queer-specific scholarship support, have not been met,” she said.

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Both Reyes and Vazquez noted that, other than a professor who travelled to the school just to teach the queer theology class, the Divinity School has no out LGBTQ+ faculty. In fact, the Divinity School’s website lists faculty experts by topic, and only two are listed under “LGBTQ+ rights.” One of those faculty members is Mary Fulkerson, a Presbyterian clergywoman who retired last year as the second-longest serving member of Divinity School faculty. Fulkerson told The Chronicle that, although she is a strong believer in LGBTQ+ rights and has worked closely with LGBTQ+ students in the school, she is “no expert on this topic.” For several years, she taught a course called Sexuality: Bible, Church, and Controversy. The course brought in experts for almost every class to cover topics including biblical perspectives on sexuality, the presentation of sexuality in Christian history, scientific and psychiatric perspectives on sexuality, and best practices for inclusive preaching. “Even though the title is not explicit, it’s really a proLGBTQ+ course,” Fulkerson said. She explained that she hopes that as young people continue to replace some of the older, more conservative members of the Church, “the openness to changing denominational policies and the passion for treating all human beings as created in the image of God will be expanding.” Vazquez said that academic administrators “lean toward more general support, but if we’re talking about the dean’s office, the more behind-the-scenes administrators who also tend to have more control over finances and decision-making at the school, [they] tend to be less supportive.” Jones wrote in an email to The Chronicle that he was “saddened” to hear this perspective. The dean’s office has provided funding for various projects and “significant scholarship support for LGBTQIA+ students” in its attempt to “create a welcoming context for all of our students,” Jones wrote. Both Fulkerson and Vazquez noted that one reason for the Divinity School administration’s perceived lack of explicit support for LGBTQ+ students may be that the school’s existence is made possible by funding from the United Methodist Church. In fact, Jones wrote that the UMC’s decision to strengthen its rules has already “negatively affected our financial support, as the turmoil in the denomination has resulted in fewer offering plate dollars in the USA, and that in turn reduces the funding we receive.” Another plan, known as the UMCNext Proposal, keeps the main body of UMC congregations unified, but allows churches to leave without losing all UMC support and connections. This plan also makes anti-LGBTQ+ language less explicit and eliminates disciplinary processes for people who have violated the rules in the past. Jones explained that it is too early to predict what will happen in the Church, but he explained that a link between the school and UMC would persist. “If there is some kind of split in the current UMC, Duke Divinity School will likely remain connected both to the UMC and to a variety of the Wesleyan communities that emerge out of the 2020 General Conference and subsequent deliberations and decisions,” he wrote. Kristi Sturgill contributed reporting.

SUPREME COURT FROM PAGE 3 the United States from Mexico when he was 1 year old, said he came to Washington, D.C., to fight for his parents, who left the country last year after being ordered out by the government. He also hopes to be able to return to America if he pays them a visit in the future. “Obviously we all want a permanent solution,” he said, “but I just want the ability to go back and see them.” Trejo was born in the United States, but her father, a Mexican citizen, was deported on her 10th birthday. Even though she is a citizen, she said she understands the pain of deportation and family separation. Finally, the rain stopped. The American flags that flank the Supreme Court building flapped as the wind picked up. The arguments ended. The doors opened, and a group of plaintiffs and lawyers from the case came out. They walked down the steps, holding hands. They paused and raised their arms as the crowd yelled. Watching, Ramirez and Trejo teared up. “It was definitely powerful,” Trejo said. Several of the plaintiffs and lawyers stayed to address the crowd. Among them was Marielena Hincapié, executive director of the National Immigration Law Center, who brought one of the lawsuits that was folded into the current case. “We are here at the Supreme Court today because of every single one of you,” Hincapié told the crowd. “You fought for DACA. Because you fought for DACA, you are the embodiment of ‘we the people.’ You are the embodiment of what it means to fight for democracy.”

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VOLUME 115, ISSUE 25 | NOVEMBER 14, 2019

never gonna fall for modern love Duke students and alums sound off, page 7

‘the west wing,’ 20 years later Culture editor Jack Rubenstein reminisces, page 6

recess

What franchise deserves to die? Nina Wilder.................kanye west

Kerry Rork ........... the beach boys

Will Atkinson .......... spin scooters

Sydny Long ....................chick-fil-a

Miranda Gershoni ......... all of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;em

Jack Rubenstein ....... aaron sorkin

Sarah Derris ................ twin peaks

Selena Qian ...................... air bud

Alizeh Sheikh ..............cishet ones

Eva Hong ................... uh, nutella?

On the cover: A wintry Charlie Brown. Stay warm!

staff note Twenty years after it first premiered, â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wingâ&#x20AC;? remains one of the most influential shows in modern TV history. The show not only set the standard for sky-high production budgets (around $3 million an episode) and pioneered the â&#x20AC;&#x153;walk and talkâ&#x20AC;? technique, but it also inspired thousands of young liberals to take up politics and, for better or for worse, helped shape how they currently work within American institutions. In fact, some of the showâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s biggest fans are former Obama administration staffers. A popular podcast entitled â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wing Weeklyâ&#x20AC;? underscores the lasting impact of the show, managing to draw in guests including Senators Tammy Duckworth and Bob Casey, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and South Bend, Ill., mayor and presidential candidate

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Pete Buttigieg. I love â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wing,â&#x20AC;? sans the nearlyunwatchable, post-Aaron Sorkin season five. Binging it at the behest of like-minded friends at the beginning of the Trump presidency, it served as an excellent source of political escapism from the cruel and apathetic administration, a sentiment shared by countless other liberals, both in and out of government. The staffers in the Bartlett Administration care about institutional norms and integrity, and they want to use their immensely powerful roles as a force for good. The show has been used as political escapism, initially designed to be a less scandal-ridden version of the Clinton Administration and later as the leftâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s counterweight to the Bush Administration. President Bartlett himself, a Nobel-prize winning economist, committed husband and walking encyclopedia, represents the antithesis of Bush, Clinton and Trump.

The first two seasons of the show are uniformly excellent, with Sorkinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s witty, smart and idealistic dialogue (sometimes to a fault) guiding an uber-talented cast. Fan-favorites C.J. Cregg (played by Allison Janey), Josh Lyman (Bradley Whitford), Sam Seaborn (Rob Lowe) and, of course, Josiah Bartlett (Martin Sheen) anchor an array of complex and well-realized characters. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Two Cathedrals,â&#x20AC;? the second seasonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s finale, is my favorite episode of television ever. The episodeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s shining moment, President Bartlettâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cathedral speech, is my favorite television moment. Sure, the show often reeks of selfrighteousness, much like Sorkinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s other projects (Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m looking at you, â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Newsroomâ&#x20AC;?), but when Sorkinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s writing works, it really works. After â&#x20AC;&#x153;Two Cathedrals,â&#x20AC;? the show loses a bit of steam, with subsequent Sorkin-led seasons suffering some issues in focus and consistency. The show goes off the rails in season five before recovering to deliver two compelling, campaigndriven seasons, led by superb performances from Jimmy Smits and Alan Alda as rival presidential candidates. While the show has taken on a bit of a new glow in the Trump era, its flaws have also been further exposed in 2019. A lack of diversity is usually one of the main pieces of criticism rightly levied at the show, as mostly old, white men control the levers of power in the Bartlett Administration. DulĂŠ Hill was the only Black main cast member throughout the showâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s seven seasons, playing the Presidentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s body man, Charlie Young. The show also faced backlash for its representation of female characters in positions of power, and eventually, it attempted to address these concerns in later seasons by making Cregg the White House Chief of Staff and adding Kate Harper (Mary McCormack) as Deputy National Security Advisor. The showâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s roadmap for Democrats in

politics is also problematic. While at times, like in season fiveâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s â&#x20AC;&#x153;Shutdown,â&#x20AC;? the show leans into the hardball politics that permeate modern day Washington, most of the show subscribes to the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Big Speech Theory of Politics,â&#x20AC;? wherein a moving speech can captivate the other party and generate compromise. The showâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s idealism is reminiscent of Michelle Obamaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s â&#x20AC;&#x153;When they go low, we go highâ&#x20AC;? line. A perfect example of this occurs in season five episode â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Supremes,â&#x20AC;? in which Bartlett nominates both an intensely liberal and a conservative justice to the Supreme Court. After the death of Justice Antonin Scalia in 2016, an eerily similar situation arose in the Obama administration, but Republicans prevented Obamaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s relatively moderate choice from even receiving a vote in the Senate, incorrectly citing an arcane Senate norm on SCOTUS nominations. The modern Republican Party regularly engages in obstructionism and bad faith politicking, which requires a more aggressive Democratic response. While some would argue that â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wingâ&#x20AC;? is just a TV show and shouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be expected to reflect political realities, Sorkin preached throughout the show about his method for beating the right. Sorkinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s political idealism breeds inaction and promotes unrealistic compromise with a largely unwilling party, at least on politically divisive issues. Despite its flaws and general unevenness, â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wingâ&#x20AC;? is a very good show. Like many others, I will be eternally grateful to it as a motivator for my interest in politics, even if political work may not be as glamorous or self-aggrandizing as its portrayed to be on â&#x20AC;&#x153;The West Wing.â&#x20AC;? Recognizing where the show gets it wrong â&#x20AC;&#x201D; politically and artistically â&#x20AC;&#x201D; is necessary if it is to have a lasting impact for another 20 years. â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Jack Rubenstein

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LOVE FROM PAGE 1 Twin-Size Love Love used to mean a lack of separation — snuggling under the comforters of a twin-size bed even as another sat less than two feet away. It meant sharing everything from school lunches to winter coats to our circle of friends. What I once thought was “love” was merely proximity. Love is complicated; it is leading separate lives and laughing or crying when we meet in the middle. But it is and always will be you, my twin sister, my inspiration, my safe haven, sitting on your own twin-size bed in your own room hundreds of miles away. —Vivian Yuan, junior Moments Spent Waiting When someone comes to Erwin Mill, you have to let them in the bay door. Every time she came over, I’d walk out to meet her, and our smiling faces would look at each other through the window. When I think back to that relationship, I think about those moments. About that door. Because there are the moments that you spend together, and then there are the moments that you spend waiting to be together. Everything we had started because I opened the bay door. And, ultimately, the reason it ended was because I opened the bay door. —Aditya Joshi, Trinity ‘17

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Chicken Soup for the Soul My best friend (who is a passionate vegetarian) went out of her way to buy me chicken soup from the deli when I was sick. —Emma van Bergen, first-year A Mother’s Grace I enrolled in Neuro223 like everyone else. Like everyone else, I sat in class fighting the urge to stop paying attention and look at memes. But as the course ended and my classmates moved on, the professor became one of the most important people in my life. Reeling from the death of my mom that semester, she became a place of refuge. We went for walks in the Gardens, picked blueberries and tried new breakfast places. When I graduated and moved away, she visited me. She’s loved me with a mother’s grace, and my life is fuller because of it. —Kara McGaughey, Trinity ‘17 Memories Etched in Gothic Stone You were a student from a school halfway across the country who found his way to Duke for a summer job. I was a Blue Devil spending her summer in this swamp with nowhere in particular to go. We found each other after busy days, splashing in the cool waters of the Eno, strolling down Main Street in the not-so-cool evening air, reveling in the beauty of a Southern summer sunset. When summer drew to a close, you returned to your world, leaving me here with memories written in these Gothic stones of a sweet, yet fleeting, summer love. —Karen Zhao, senior

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NOVEMBER ’19 8 FR: THE DIP ($15/ $18 ) w/Erin & The WildFIre 8 Fr: Big Thief w/Palehound @ Haw river ballroom 9 SA: INFAMOUS STRINGDUSTERS w/Kitchen Dwellers 10 su; The New Pornographers w/Lady Lamb, Phil Moore @ haw river ballroom 12 TU: Cursive / Cloud Nothings / The Appleseed Cast 12 TU: TR/ST w/SRSQ @ motorco 13 WE: KIKAGAKU MOYO w/Minami Deutsch ($15/$17) 14 th: Robyn Hitchcock (solo) w/Django Haskins @ the artscenter 14 th: Turnover & Men I Trust w/Renata Zeiguer 15 fr: Allah-Las w/Tim Hill 16 sa: Gaelic Storm 17 su: Crumb w/Divino Niño, Shormey 20 we: San Fermin w/Wild Pink & the Artscenter 22 fr: Sylvan Esso Presents W/Special Guest Molly Sarlé (of Mountain Man) @ DPAC 22 fr: OfFice Hours (LINEUP TBA) 23 SA: Sylvan Esso Presents W/Special Guest Molly Sarlé (of Mountain Man) @ DPAC 23 SA: CAAMP w/Special Guest TBD & the ritz raleigh 25 mo: New Found Glory w/Hawthorne Heights, Free Throw, Jetty Bones 27 WE: La Dispute w/Touche Amore, Empath 30 sa: Daughter of Swords and the Dawnbreaker Band @ THE ARTSCENTER DECEMBER ’19 6 fr: Our Last Night – Let Light Overcome The Darkness Tour w/I See Stars, The Word Alive, Ashland 7 SA: Southern Culture On The Skids 12 th: Twin Peaks w/Lala Lala, OHMME

shows at Cat’s Cradle back room NOVEMBER ’19 7 Th: Blue Cactus W/Tatiana Hargreaves 9 SA: Jack Klatt w/Carter Hodge 10 su: Peter Holsapple Combo w/Charles Latham & The Borrowed Band 12 tu: Black Mountain w/Ryley Walker 15 FR: black midi w/Fat Tony 17 su: EddieFest 2019 (Hammer No More The Fingers, Triple X Snaxxx, John Howie Jr., Secret Monkey Weekend, Elvis Division, & more!) 18 MO: McCafferty & Guardin w/Carousel Kings, thebreathingbackwards 19 tu: Anna Tivel & Maya de Vitry 20 we: King Buffalo 21 th: Thirsty Curses w/Sick Ride, Housterino 22 FR: Travers Brothership w/JULIA. 24 su: Beach Bunny w/Another Michael 27 we: Zebbler Encanti Experience DECEMBER ’19 3 TU: Diamante 4 we: Laura Stevenson w/Adult Mom 5 th: Jump, Little Children 6 fr: Neil Hilborn w/Caracara 7 sa: Solar Halos, Dreamless, Weird God 15 su: Lynn Blakey’s Christmas Show featuring Ecki Heins, FJ Ventre, and Special Guests w/Danny Gotham 18 wE: An Evening with Sam Tayloe (Time Sawyer) & Mike Ramsey

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Sports 8 | THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019

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THE BLUE ZONE

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THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019

MEN’S BASKETBALL

Tre gets hurt and Hurt gets treys in Duke win By Glen Morgenstern Assistant Blue Zone Editor

Central Arkansas was supposed to be a confidence-booster for No. 2 Duke. In many ways, it was, but the home team would not leave unscathed. The end result just wasn’t all that surprising: the Blue Devils held the visiting Bears scoreless for seven straight minutes and shot out to a 40-point lead before the first half was over. Duke downed Central Arkansas 105-54 Tuesday at Cameron Indoor Stadium in the first game of the 2K Empire Classic. Not everything was rosy, though. Central Arkansas didn’t get many blows in against Duke, 54 but one hit was all UCA DUKE 105 it needed to knock out the Blue Devils’ biggest threat. With just over seven minutes left in the first half, sophomore point guard Tre Jones clanked a 3-pointer off the back of the rim. He scrambled to retrieve his own miss, but was met with a Bear for a head-tohead collision. The whistle blew and Jones hit the deck.

He stayed nearly motionless for a minute, walked to the bench and never returned to the game. Before leaving, Jones had already recorded seven points, including his first 3-pointer of the year, in nine minutes. The sophomore captain is a leader for the Blue Devils on and off of the court—he is widely regarded as the premier perimeter defender in college basketball and boasts a developing offensive arsenal. “We were just praying and hoping that he got up,” Duke freshman forward Cassius Stanley said. “He said he’s feeling a little bit better now. Any injury to the head—it’s a serious thing.” In the postgame press conference, head coach Mike Krzyzewski was more optimistic on Jones’ recovery. “[Jones] looks pretty good now,” Krzyzewski said. “[After halftime], he’s slapping and joking around. I asked him if he knew my name. He said, ‘Michael,’ which was kind of bold on his part. Maybe he’ll get even more assertive as a result.” To be sure, the loss of Jones was a tough blow for Duke (3-0), but manageable enough against a weak opponent like Central Arkansas (1-3). Freshman forward

Jackson Muraika | Associate Photography Editor

Coming off the bench, freshman forward Matthew Hurt tied for the team-lead in points. Matthew Hurt was an easy bright spot to find in Tuesday’s blowout contest—if it could be called a contest at all. Hurt had earned the starting nod in both

of the Blue Devils’ exhibition games and both regular season matchups. However, See HURT TRE on Page 9

MEN’S BASKETBALL

Vernon Careys Blue Devils with double-double By Dilan Trivedi Associate Sports Editor

On a night when six Blue Devils score in double-figures, it can be hard to identify a single standout in the game. Could it be Cassius Stanley, who quietly had 13 points on a perfect 5-for-5 shooting from the field with three steals and three blocks? Or Matthew Hurt, who came off the bench to lead the team with 19 points and canned all three of his shots from downtown? The brightest star on the cold Tuesday night in Durham, however, was Vernon Carey Jr., who came into his own in the paint in Duke’s 10554 victory against Central Arkansas. The true freshman used his athleticism and physicality inside to the tune of 17 points and 10 rebounds— his first double-double of the season. “As we go through the season, I think you are going to see more performances like that. That’s who our team is and what we are becoming,” Blue Devil senior forward Javin DeLaurier said. “We are a really deep team and whoever is out there, we will have confidence for them to get the job done.” After Carey started the evening with a lefthanded floater layup inside to get Duke on the board, he committed an offensive foul when he lowered his shoulder into Hayden Koval and was unable to handle an errant Stanley

pass as he jockeyed for position on consecutive possessions. Those miscues, however, were the only issues Carey had all night. “The biggest challenge in the post is just to seal people and have them sealed so that I can catch it instead of deflecting it or something like that,” Carey said. The Florida native flashed a diverse set of scoring and finishing moves, emblematic of the

progress he has made in this young season. Over a 90-second stretch in the middle of the first half, Carey had three baskets, all coming in different ways. First, he elevated over a smaller defender and finished off the glass with his trusty left hand. The next time around, Carey played the pick-and-roll game with Tre Jones and guided a Jones lob into the basket after rolling hard to the rim. The 6-foot-10 center finished the burst by

establishing position inside, catching an entry pass from Hurt and turning to the rim for a seamless slam. “Vernon is a really talented big and he makes his presence felt almost every time he steps on the court. He did a great job of doing that tonight,” DeLaurier said. “Being confident, demanding the ball and going up and finishing plays.” Carey was not only active in scoring, but also in the rebounding department. In his last bucket of the first half, Carey cleaned up a Wendell Moore miss for a putback dunk and finished the night with 10 rebounds—two on the offensive end. He opened the second half in the same fashion, grabbing a rebound after his own miss and finishing with a layup. Carey’s missed jumper was the only shot he took outside of the paint on the evening. “One of my main focuses today was just to rebound more and stay attacking the glass. I feel like that took care of everything else, really,” Carey said. “[Head coach Mike Krzyzewski] said whenever I go towards the glass it will take care of everything else. It is that and just staying more aggressive on the offensive end.” Although Carey has shown a solid shooting stroke in previous games, converting on midrange jumpers from the elbow and converting on both attempts from behind the arc against Kansas,

Jackson Muraika | Associate Photography Editor

Vernon Carey Jr. had a breakout performance, putting up 17 points and 10 rebounds.

See CAREY on Page 9

The Chronicle

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HURT TRE FROM PAGE 8 Krzyzewski clearly saw something he didn’t like, though, and replaced Hurt with senior captain Jack White in Tuesday’s starting lineup. It was the third permutation in as many games for Duke. While Hurt didn’t get the start, he shone off the bench. Hurt shot 7-for-11, finishing with 19 points, three assists and two blocks. His replacement, White, played just 17 minutes and scored three points. Two firsthalf triples from Hurt helped the Blue Devils rocket to an impossibly large lead in the opening minutes. The Rochester, Minn., native displayed patience beyond his years, getting Central Arkansas defenders to bite on pass and shot fakes. Most of Hurt’s shots were uncontested. “He can get hot and he can hit shots,” Blue Devil junior guard Alex O’Connell said. “Whether he starts or comes off the bench—it

really doesn’t matter. We have a lot of depth, so somebody comes off the bench and provides a spark. That’s what we need.” Stanley put Hurt’s performance in perspective more simply. “Coach was on him a bit before the game,” said Stanley, “but he’s a beast.” Hurt’s freshman classmates stole the spotlight in Jones’ absence, too. Center Vernon Carey Jr. scored 17 points and grabbed 10 boards, his first double-double of his young career. Stanley was a perfect 5-for-5 from the field. Guard Wendell Moore played poorly on the offensive end but snatched three steals in his first four minutes of floor time. There is much for Krzyzewski to be happy about from Duke’s win. Overall, the freshmen impressed against the Bears. The Blue Devils even shot 9-for-18 from deep, an impressive mark. But Krzyzewski and Duke fans alike will undoubtedly feel at least trace amounts of unease before Jones takes the floor again.

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019 | 9

CAREY FROM PAGE 8 he continued to pound the paint throughout the evening, converting another easy layup after sealing the paint. Another play of note came with just over five minutes left in the contest. With Wendell Moore driving into the paint, Carey’s defender slightly slid off of him to help. Carey wisely made himself available for a bounce pass by the baseline, received the dish and finished with a slam. The freshman big finished his efficient night connecting on eight of 10 shots and averaging 0.85 points per minute on 20 minutes of playing time. “I worked on everything a little extra before the game. I felt more relaxed and more comfortable with everything out there,” Carey said. “I feel like I am getting better and better each game. That is the goal for everybody. Just taking baby steps.”

Jackson Muraika | Associate Photo Editor

Senior forward Javin DeLaurier has served as a mentor for freshman Vernon Carey Jr.

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Let the games begin

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their images. The state’s audacious stance prompted other states to consider similar measures and even

community editorial board

n October 29, the NCAA Board of Governors announced its unanimous vote to allow student-athletes “to benefit from the use of their name, image and likeness.” The specifics are not yet set in stone, but essentially student-athletes and their families will no longer be banned for profiting off of hosting Youtube channels, selling T-shirts, and other activities. The vote is a long-delayed victory for student-athletes who have seen the NCAA amass $1 billion in revenue over the years while they themselves have sometimes been restricted to stipends of no more than $5,000 per semester. Critically, this decision did not come from a sudden change of heart nor from a constitutional obligation to athletes’ First Amendment rights. Rather, the NCAA vote came in the midst of mounting pressure, most notably from California. Disregarding the objections of the NCAA and some universities that were worried about revenue loss, the California state legislature unanimously passed a bill this summer which allows student-athletes to hire agents and pursue opportunities to profit from

hot take of the week “Cats is an amazing musical.” —Leah Abrams, Editorial Page Editor, on November 13, 2019

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inspired a national forum in D.C. As much as this vote is a victory for student-athletes, it is also a significant example of a successful leveraging of power against a wealthy, corporate body. As previous coverage has mentioned, there are a few considerations to bear in mind in the midst of celebration. While this decision strides toward righting a historic inequity between student-athletes and the NCAA, it leaves in place structural inequities that permeate college sports writ large. For a particularly stark example, one needs to go no further than the hallowed grounds of K-Ville. Which basketball games do we huddle in tents for and which do we often neglect to burn benches after or to celebrate altogether? Put another way, which student-athletes stand to profit the most off their labor under the new rules? Female and male student-athletes perform similar athletic labor, but the difference between the money, fans and press coverage could not be more stark. Duke’s overall recruiting expenses for men and women are 2:1. The total overall expenses (including promotional activities, equipment, recruiting, etc.) for men’s and women’s teams are calculated to be $59,449,281 and $24,539,320 respectively. This disparity also follows female athletes into the professional leagues. Zion Williamson is slated to make close to $10 million in his opening season with the Pelicans, while the most a WNBA player made in 2019 was $127,500. In fact, in that same year not a single female athlete made it onto Forbes’ list of the “100 best paid athletes in the world.” This is true even in sports where female teams far outstrip male teams in

viewership and ratings, as the United States Women’s National Soccer Team has shown through their classaction discrimination suit. Looking beyond gender, “Black Bodies, White Entertainment,” a recent panel hosted by The Center for Race Relations, highlighted the intense racialization of college sports. Take the Power Five conferences for example. Black men make up 2.4% of the undergraduate student population on these 65 campuses; yet, they make up 56% of the basketball teams. Furthermore, 79% of the head coaches for these teams are white—and rake in on average $2.7 million annually. The Black athletes represented by these statistics have expressed feelings of exploitation, likening college sports to slavery given the use of predominantly Black labor for the profit of white coaches and executives. At the very least, there is a clear dynamic established at these predominantly white institutions (PWIs), like Duke, that cast Black students as athletes and entertainers before all else. This has led some to call for Black athletes to leave PWIs in favor of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Importantly, neither this proposal nor the NCAA decision require any from PWIs in terms of institutional equity. The opportunity for athletes to earn some monetary rewards of their own is a step, but it cannot be the end. Wins like these demonstrate the worthwhile material payoff of placing pressure on institutional bodies and such victories ought to be celebrated as they come. Certainly, it’s unclear whether this will alleviate or intensify the gender pay gap or the racialized nature of athletics, but at least the NCAA has taken one concrete step forward by removing the firewall between college athletes and money: They’ve decided that they’re willing to play ball.

Are we all social media addicts?

he more exposure you have to social media, the more likely you are to be addicted. Does this mean that all the Duke students who received Apple watches can become addicted to social media? In fact, the Apple watch study may be fueling an addiction even more worrisome than we know.

Sara Mehta GUEST COLUMN I spent this past summer baffled by my 3 year-old cousin who refused to eat any food until she was comfortably scrolling through her mother’s Instagram or watching a video on YouTube. Within the first week of coming to Duke, my friend in Gilbert-Addoms told me he had received an Apple watch and could not help but check his notifications as they came in. Do my cousin and all the GA residents with Apple watches use social media excessively? Or are they just “normal” Generation Z beings? In March, 2019 when I read Roisin Kiberd’s opinion column in The Guardian, I was in complete denial of his argument that the human race is better described as a populace of automatons that outsource relationships and working lives to the internet. Can a ubiquitous behavior like that really be characterized as an addiction? The hoard of latest findings as published in the Science Daily that swarms my inbox undeniably answer this question. “Social media stress leads to social media addiction,” “Excessive social media use is comparable to drug addiction.” The stereotypical illustration of the basement-dwelling social media addict is certainly not new. Tamaki Saitõ, a Japanese psychologist, coined the term hikikomori to typify reclusive adolescents in Japan who “traded their social lives for internet, video-game and media consumption.” Unknowingly and unwittingly, we are all part of this hikikomori—and it’s reaching dangerous levels. 86% of people across the world use social media daily. Recent estimates suggest that 20% of adolescents use social media for at least 5 hours every day. Since 2014, Instagram’s user base has increased by 100 million users per year. This platform’s heavy usage is evident from the statistics—2 billion “likes” occur and more than 100 million posts are uploaded every day. As of October 2018, Facebook had over 2 billion active users, three-quarters of which are daily accessors. Twitter’s 326 million users send out 500 million tweets every day.

YouTube, Snapchat, LinkedIn, the list goes on. It came as a shock to me that some people are, in fact, more susceptible to social media addiction than others. Neuroticism—the degree to which one’s experience of the world elicits anxiety and stress—increases the probability of growing to be an addict. On the other hand, conscientiousness—the quality of being diligent and level headed—decreases this probability. One’s capacity for self-regulation and susceptibility to peer pressure also serve as predictors of social media addiction. Social media usage produces the same neuronal firing as that caused by gambling and recreational drugs. This is because social media provides immediate gratification, the experience of pleasure or fulfillment without any delay, through features such as constantly attainable, unlimited likes and quick shares. Using social media also entails minimal effort as platforms are designed to be easy to navigate. Studies demonstrate that retweets, likes and shares trigger the same surge of dopamine as cocaine. It is not only the notifications or positive social feedback, but the act of self-disclosure on social networking sites that ignites this reward system. This means that “individuals place high subjective value on opportunities to communicate their thoughts and feelings to others.” However, social media is not only physically addictive due to its effect on the brain. Reports show that ten minutes spent on social media can cause a spike in oxytocin, a chemical hormone, at levels equivalent to those emitted on wedding days. With each use, the brain slowly rewires in such a way that one experience of physiological effects decreases for the same amount of time spent on the social platform. This is tolerance building. Perhaps in a few decades, social media addiction will be more overtly recognized and more scientists will investigate how the resilient fraction of the human population resists checking social platforms more than once a day. The fact that “27% of children who spend 3 or more hours a day on social media exhibit symptoms of poor mental health” calls for more robust, longitudinal systematic studies and the development of sustainable regulatory measures. The next time you see your friend scrolling through her phone while mindlessly eating at West Union or replying to your snaps a second after you send them, maybe suggest going for a walk in the Gardens. Flee from this social media addiction pandemic. Sara Mehta is a Trinity first-year.

The Chronicle

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THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019 | 11

How to improve DSG: Duke’s tin-pot democracy

as our government failed us? It claims to uphold “the highest ideals of democratic representation,” yet cronyism abounds. It purports to “promote the welfare” of its citizens, but its legislative agenda consists of selfcongratulatory vanity projects. If nothing else, this house has resolved to its own wondrous virtue. Our elected representatives’

Reiss Becker ROUSED RABBLE failure to live up to their stated ambitions comes at a great cost: their own legitimacy. Constituents wonder “what… [their representatives] even do” and whether legislators simply seek some “fluff to add to their resumes.” Duke’s foremost deliberative body, Duke Student Government (DSG), faces a crisis of confidence. Beyond anecdotes, DSG’s failure to galvanize students is revealed statistically. Despite extensive election coverage in the Chronicle, candidate flyers papering every possible public surface and the easy, breezy beauty of electronic voting, only around 33% of Duke undergraduates voted in the last three Presidential elections. For God’s sakes, more Duke students turned out to vote for the oh-so-inspirational congressman G.K Butterfield in 2018, pushing his vote count from nearly 70% to just under 70%. Duke students are apparently more interested in the uncompetitive, off-year congressional election of a septuagenarian than in the governance of their own community. So what’s wrong? It’s not the fundamentals, which are ideal. DSG governs a student body that is bright and informed. Its representatives are passionate, focused and forthcoming— yearly, a large crop of enthusiastic first years arises to replace the departed seniors. With an annual budget of almost $400,000, DSG’s coffers runneth over. The problem is inherent to DSG’s electoral system. The DSG Senate consists of 60 members, 48 elected representatives,

12 per class year, and 12 selected At-Large Senators. The issue with electing Senators by class year is that doing so assumes the existence of a collective interest amongst students on that basis. For instance, what do all sophomores universally share? They are of a similar age group, they enrolled at the same time and they all have a few common undergraduate experiences. Besides these marginally significant facts, not much unites sophomores, or any given class of students, at Duke. No wonder Duke students are abstaining from Senate elections, DSG’s electoral system demands they express a collective interest that does not exist. If not class year, then what does unite Duke students? Anyone familiar with our campus knows that Duke students are meaningfully bound together by their academic pursuits, their moral convictions, their particular, personal interests and their career aspirations. Conveniently, all of these categories, these ties that bind us, are physically manifested within our oncampus housing system. The members of Illyria share far more and have a far clearer collective interest than any randomly selected group of juniors. The residents of Giles are far better acquainted with each other than they are with the residents of Blackwell dorm, despite the fact that both dorms are populated by first years. Therefore, rather than arbitrarily asking Duke students to vote for 12 Senators to represent their class year, DSG’s electoral system should be based on living groups and every living group should be represented by a single Senator in DSG Senate. As of now, DSG Senate elections are distant, impersonal affairs. Generally speaking, most students do not know the candidates that are running to represent them and, therefore, do not much care who is elected. But what if the candidate running to represent you in DSG Senate lived just down the hall? What if your next Senator was going to be a sister in your sorority or a member of your SLG? In that case, surely, students would pay closer attention and be more likely to vote in DSG elections. Moreover, this change would improve the quality of DSG’s political representation, as electoral outcomes would be more finely attuned to voter preferences.

In a win for political accountability, elections would also cease to be the sole opportunity for voters to influence their representatives. Under this system, by virtue of proximity, constituents could easily access their Senators and lobby them on group priorities when necessary. If DSG Senators want to be reelected, they will take constituent feedback and, by extension, their seat in DSG seriously. This would diminish the perception that Senators run for DSG Senate just to have another “social engagement” or “leadership” activity to throw on the resume. In turn, confidence in the legitimacy and usefulness of DSG would increase because students would have a direct, personal connection to their representation. Finally, DSG would also be greatly improved if At-Large Senators were abolished. Rather than being elected, At-Large Senators are “selected by an interview process conducted by the Selection Committee,” which is composed of members of DSG’s Executive Branch. Essentially, this is a group of Senators who reflect the interests of DSG’s executives rather than the will of the voters. Holding 20% of the seats in DSG Senate, At-Large Senators obfuscate DSG’s democratic purpose. They represent no one in the student body and such Senators are only “at large” in one sense: they have indefensibly evaded democracy. Seemingly the product of affirmative action for failed populists, At-Large Senators should not be permitted in an organization that claims to act “in accordance with the highest ideals of democratic representation.” DSG should either take itself seriously as a legitimate representative body or throw in the towel and admit it is just an institutionalized resume-filler. It is high time to decide. At present, DSG is a tin-pot democracy. Its grand delusions of popular representation butt heads with the reality of its inadequacy. Yet with a touch of tinkering and a bit of change, Duke Student Government could become more democratic and more authentically representative. Let us reform. Reiss Becker is a Trinity junior. His column, “roused rabble,” typically runs on alternate Wednesdays.

Lyle May and the necessity of higher education in prison

n 1999, the state of North Carolina incarcerated Lyle May in Raleigh’s Central Prison, placing him on death row. North Carolina has not executed anyone since 2006, so while he probably won’t be subject to the form of state-sanctioned murder known as the

Gino Nuzzolillo COLUMN

death penalty, he will almost certainly never leave prison. In 2004, despite the criminal-legal system’s attempts to completely sever Lyle from society, he began correspondence courses with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Adams State University, and Ohio University. These courses allowed him to earn college credit, an associate’s degree, and progress toward a bachelor’s degree from a distance, and his education blossomed into public writings for his own blog and outlets like The Marshall Project and Scalawag. Lyle leverages his platform, education, and experience to draw attention to prison conditions and explore his own humanity as his time beyond bars extends day by day. Yet, inexplicably, prison officials in North Carolina have started obstructing Lyle’s access to Ohio University’s classes—the warden of Central Prison, reflecting the ‘common sense’ view our society has of incarcerated people, told Lyle that “death row inmates are not in prison to be rehabilitated.” Despite Lyle’s diligent pursuit of his education, his access to it has always been tenuous, dependent on the whims of a system fundamentally hostile to the rights and dignity of incarcerated people. Nonetheless, Lyle’s effort to increase access to higher education resources in prison is rooted in a deep lineage of incarcerated people asserting their right to public education and fair, humane treatment. For example: On September 9th, 1971, following a series of peaceful protests over atrocious conditions at Attica Correctional Facility

in upstate New York, over 1200 incarcerated (mostly Puerto Rican and Black) men revolted and took over an entire wing of the prison. L.D. Barkley, one of the uprising’s leaders, declared, “The entire incident that has erupted here at Attica is … [a result] of the unmitigated oppression wrought by the racist administrative network of this prison throughout the year. We are men. We are not beasts and we do not intend to be beaten or driven as such.” The Attica Brothers demanded “realistic rehabilitation programs,” a healthy diet, and modernization of the inmate education system. Many of the men incarcerated at Attica were politically conscious, radicalized by movements for Black Power or groups like the Young Lords Party, and thus knew their education was a weapon to confront the broader injustices they faced—something New York’s prison officials knew, too. On September 13th, Governor Nelson Rockefeller ordered the retaking of the prison, brutally murdering over 40 people and extinguishing the Attica Uprising. Nonetheless, Attica’s legacy persists, through organized actions like the 2018 National Prison Strike and the advocacy of those like Lyle, who remain subject to the brutality of jails and prisons. Despite numerous, vigorous efforts, education in prisons today remains piecemeal at best and non-existent at worst. For over 150 years, from the establishment of public schools by Reconstruction governments, to Brown v. Board, to Attica and today’s teachers’ strikes, millions of Americans have fought for access to public education and its crucial role in dismantling political, economic, and social injustice. One of the most urgent battlegrounds in the fight for public education today continues to take place in the “gray wastes” housing the condemned and (largely) forgotten—incarcerated people. Access to education in prison has long been contentious and contingent. From 1972 to 1995, sparked by Attica and pushed for by incarcerated people, those not sentenced to death or life without parole could receive federal Pell Grants to enroll in any one of 350 postsecondary prison programs in 37 states. In 1994, the infamous Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement

Act (enthusiastically supported by Republicans and Democrats alike, including Joe Biden) ended the Pell Grant program for incarcerated people and made higher education in prison rare, absent support from private universities and colleges. In 2015, the Obama Administration launched the Second Chance Pell Grant program to loosen up funding for prison education—surprisingly extended by the Trump administration—and there’s legislation pending in Congress to reverse the educational restrictions of the Crime Bill. The Second Chance program, while significant, is still incomplete, excluding those with drug convictions among numerous other eligibility restrictions. John J. Lennon, serving a sentence of 28 years to life in Sing Sing prison in upstate New York, recently described in The Atlantic the consequences of unequal access to education for incarcerated people, such access being essential for surviving in prison and successfully living outside of it. Most arguments for prison education repeat the same statistics—these programs would reduce state correctional costs by hundreds of millions of dollars, reduce the chance of recidivism by 43 to 72 percent, increase the chance of employment and make conditions inside prisons safer. These factors are important, usually deployed to sway efficient-minded, traditionally “pragmatic” policymakers. But often minimized, if not lost, in this conversation is the moral argument for educational justice—incarcerated people are, like the rest of us, entitled to free public education. Those who end up in jail or prison do not forfeit their humanity when they’re locked behind bars. And a movement for access to higher education in prison can be an important tool in reducing the power and reach of the criminallegal system as we move toward its abolition. Education alone cannot rectify social and economic inequality, but we know it can reduce the likelihood that people return to prison. In explaining his choice to pursue college courses, Lyle reminds us, “There needed to be something more than the poison of prison air—that lethal combination of hatred, bitterness, and ignorance that rots mind, body, and soul.” The question

of prison education, part and parcel of a much larger campaign to invest in communities and ultimately eliminate prisons, offers us a choice: whether we act in solidarity with those targeted by a racist, classist, misogynist, ableist, homophobic, and transphobic institution, or remain silent and co-sign on its violence. If Duke were to also provide a pathway from incarceration to (financially-supported) enrollment in degree programs post-release, it would not only expand educational access further, but radically challenge who we consider to be a student and who belongs at Duke—chipping away at the elitism and exclusion characterizing our traditional student body. Finally, a prison education program would necessarily involve partnerships between Duke and community organizations which center the needs of justiceinvolved people, ensuring accountability through mechanisms of shared responsibility and power. In making a similar case for prison education programs in the New York Times, scholar Elizabeth Hinton asked, “Will colleges begin to address and reflect the world around them?” Higher education isn’t a silver bullet—and my trust in this University is tepid, at best—but Hinton’s words ring true. Duke’s resources have some role to play in eradicating the violence produced and reproduced by our existing criminal punishment system. In the meantime, we must take seriously the concerns and demands of incarcerated people like Lyle May, John J. Lennon, and so many others. In Lyle’s case, continue to follow Scalawag for updates on his situation and ways we can take action from the outside on his behalf. On campus, let’s more seriously investigate Duke’s relationship to the criminal-legal system and the beast that is the prison-industrial complex—and force the University to not only better reflect our world, but invest in upending it. Gino Nuzzolillo is a Trinity senior. His column runs on alternate Thursdays. Looking for something you can do right now? Consider making a donation to the volunteer-run North Carolina Women’s Prison Book Project, or helping them purchase books directly from the Regulator Bookshop.

The Chronicle

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CAN’T MISS EVENTS NOVEMBER 14-23

AMI/SCREEN SOCIETY

MY FIRST FILM (2019) ZIA ANGER LIVE PERFORMANCE Saturday, November 16 7 pm Rubenstein Arts Center, Film Theater My First Film is a feature-length multimedia performance in which filmmaker Zia Anger interacts with media on screen and the audience using real-time text, spontaneous Google searches, audience directives and AirDrops. A vital, singular, innovative work that explores what it means to be a woman and an artist, the project showcases Anger’s sensibilities and pushes the boundaries of cinematic experience.

MFA

NASHER

CENTER FOR DOCUMENTARY STUDIES

THEATER STUDIES

SOUTHBOUND: PHOTOGRAPHS OF AND ABOUT THE NEW SOUTH Through Saturday, December 21 All Day Power Plant Gallery

COSMIC RHYTHM VIBRATIONS Through March 1 Nasher Museum of Art

ARTIST TALK: DANIEL SHEA WITH WALTER BENN MICHAELS Thursday, November 14 7 pm Nasher Museum Auditorium

AS YOU LIKE IT Thursday, November 14 | 8 pm Friday, November 15 | 8 pm Saturday, November 16 | 8 pm Sunday, November 17 | 2 pm Shaefer Theater

DUKE PERFORMANCES

MUSIC

ALONZO KING LINES BALLET Friday, November 15 & Saturday, November 16 8 pm Reynolds Industries Theater

DUKE DJEMBE AND AFRO-CUBAN ENSEMBLES Friday, November 20 8 pm Baldwin Auditorium

ART, ART HISTORY AND VISUAL STUDIES

RUBENSTEIN ARTS CENTER

PUBLIC LECTURE: PAUL NIELL, SPATIAL SOLIDARITY AND COLONIAL DESIRE IN THE DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE OF NINETEENTH-CENTURY PONCE, PUERTO RICO Monday, November 18 4 pm A290 Smith Warehouse

RUBY FRIDAYS— ALL SEMESTER LONG! (Most) Fridays at Noon Ruby Lounge Rubenstein Arts Center

Brought to you by Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies, Center for Documentary Studies, Dance Program, Music Department, Master of Fine Arts in Experimental & Documentary Studies, Nasher Museum of Art, Program in the Arts of the Moving Image’s Screen/Society, Theater Studies and Duke Performances.

DANCE

NOVEMBER DANCES 2019 Friday, November 22 & Saturday, November 23 7:30pm Reynolds Industries Theater