October 29, 2015

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‘What will you do to save black lives?’

Patrisse Cullors challenges Duke community

ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH YEAR, Issue 41

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Haeryn Kim | The Chronicle Patrisse Cullors, co-founder of the Black Lives Matter movement, addressed a packed Page Auditorium Wednesday evening.

David Wohlever The Chronicle “What will you do to save black lives?” asked Patrisse Cullors, co-founder of the Black Lives Matter movement.

Cullors, an artist and activist against police brutality, spoke to a packed audience of students, professors and guests in Page Auditorium about anti-black racism, injustice and social responsibility during an event Wednesday. Her

talk, which was followed with a question-andanswer session with audience members, was hosted by the Mary Lou Williams Center for Black Culture, the Center for Multicultural Affairs, Duke University Union Speakers & Stage and many other student and administrative organizations. Cullors emphasized the issue of safety, questioning whether or not black people can feel safe on Duke’s campus and in the United States.

“I was asked earlier today, when I met with some Duke faculty and administration, do I feel

unsafe here?” she said. “And I think the better question for black students that are here [is], ‘Do you feel safe here?’”

A single student near the front answered with a somber “no.”

“What safety exists here—and I mean here at Duke, but I [also] mean in the U.S. in particular—if we do not create that safety ourselves?” she added.

Cullors’ talk came five days after a poster See BLACK LIVES on Page 4

Duke has received an $8.36 million gift to support the arts and graduate students at the Duke Global Health Institute from Karl von der Heyden, Trinity ‘62 and trustee emeritus, and his wife Mary Ellen, President Richard Brodhead announced Wednesday in a press release. $7.36 million of the donation will be used for events, programs and educational opportunities at the new 71,000 squarefoot arts center being built on the corner of Campus Drive and Anderson Street. The other $1 million will be used for graduate fellowships at DGHI, which has become one of the top global health programs in the world since launching in 2006 and involves more than 400 students.

“The von der Heyden name is already known to everyone at Duke because of the pavilion that is such a beloved gathering space in the library,” Brodhead said in the release.

“It’s a privilege to express our gratitude once again to Karl and Mary Ellen for their extraordinary generosity in continuing to support Duke’s highest priorities.”

The most recent von der Heyden gift contributes to Duke Forward, the sevenyear fundraising campaign that hopes to raise $3.25 billion by June 30, 2017. The University has already raised approximately $2.9 billion, wrote Michael Schoenfeld, vice president for public affairs and government relations, in an email.

Duke searching for solutions in wake of racial incidents Ryan Zhang The Chronicle After a series of hateful incidents, Duke is working to combat a troubling campus climate.

On the morning of April 1, a noose was found hanging from a tree on the Bryan Center Plaza. The incident, which sparked a wave of campus-wide dialogue centered on racial climate at Duke, was one of a string of racially charged events that have occurred in 2015.

Less than two weeks prior to the hanging of the noose, white male students allegedly chanted a racist song at a black female student.

On Oct. 18, junior Elizabeth Kim posted on the All Duke Facebook page that she had heard several male students shouting racial slurs outside her bedroom window at 2 a.m. And last

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Friday, a poster for a talk given by Black Lives Matter movement co-founder Patrisse Cullors was defaced with racial slurs.

Despite the incidents, Duke has come a long way on racial issues in recent years, said Larry Moneta, vice president for student affairs, adding that individual acts of hate are unavoidable on a campus of Duke’s size.

“I don’t believe we will ever be incident-free,” Moneta said. “Every time it happens, it just reminds us there is more work to be done.”

A policy on hate crimes?

Many students were disappointed by how the administration handled the noose incident once the perpetrator was identified by a University investigation. The student who hung the noose was not identified and was eligible to return to campus the following semester after

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receiving a sanction. In an open letter to the Duke community, the student stated they had been unaware of the historical connotations of a noose, and had hung it as a joke.

Marcus Benning, a second-year student at the School of Law, former president of the Black Student Alliance and member of the Duke Student Publishing Company board of directors, noted that North Carolina General Statute 14 specifically outlaws placing a noose anywhere in the State with the intention to intimidate.

“It’s a hate crime. It’s against North Carolina law,” Benning said. “The University, by refusing to refer prosecution for this man or woman for hanging the noose, was shielding a criminal and impeding a potential state investigation.”

The question of whether the noose incident qualifies as a hate crime is part of a larger debate over the necessity of a hate crime policy, which

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currently does not exist at Duke. Creating such a policy is the first step in preventing future incidents, Benning argued.

“There hasn’t been any real dedicated effort to stopping hate crimes,” Benning said. “Campus conversations about why you shouldn’t be racist are important. Writing literature is important. It gets attention, it gets on people’s radar. But at bottom, people respond to incentives.”

This summer, students at the School of Law polled black law students about their experiences and created a set of recommendations based on their responses. One of the recommendations was a university-wide hate crime policy, though Moneta was skeptical that such a policy would actually prevent future hate crimes.

“There’s no further policy change that

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Former U.S. ambassador Matlock reflects on Cold War are not going to consider their interests.

Adam Beyer The Chronicle Jack Matlock, Trinity ‘50, is the former U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union and is currently teaching classes as a Rubenstein Fellow at Duke.

Matlock was the ambassador from 1987 to 1991 and spent more than 35 years in the U.S. Foreign Service with postings in Austria, Germany, Tanzania and Ethiopia.

Since retiring, he has held appointments at Columbia University, Princeton University, Hamilton College, Mt. Holyoke College and the Institute for Advanced Study. The Chronicle’s Adam Beyer recently sat down with Matlock to discuss how Duke has changed since he was a student and his time as an ambassador.

Q & A

The Chronicle: You were involved in translating messages between President Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile crisis—what was that like?

Jack Matlock: I was at the embassy in Moscow, and at that time we didn’t a have a means of transmitting directly messages between our governments, so Khrushchev’s urgent messages to Kennedy were delivered at night, usually around 10:30 or 11 and we had to translate them in order to transmit them to Washington. I think we did it pretty fast and I know one 14-page letter we had completely translated and sent it out in about two hours. Nevertheless, Kennedy didn’t like that delay and that’s why they arranged after the Cuban Missile crisis for a hotline. That hotline still exists between the U.S. and Russia.

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Special to The Chronicle Jack Matlock served as ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1987 until 1991 and is teaching on campus through the Rubenstein Fellows program.

threat of terrorism, the impact of failed states, international drug trade, international crime in general, organized crime, these I think are the crucial problems and in dealing with them, Russia is either going to be part of the solution or part of the problem.

It seems to me our efforts should be to try and give them every incentive to be part of the solution. You don’t do that if you seem to be competing with them over control over neighboring countries, countries for centuries that were part of their countries.

We know how Americans react if— Germany, say during the first World War, tried to make an alliance with Mexico.

We know what happened when Castro seemed to be developing ties with the Soviet Union, so why we allow some of TC: What would you tell whoever is our people to talk about making a military elected president in 2016 to do about our alliance with say Georgia or a Ukraine, relationship with Russia and other former I think is crazy because one thing, no Soviet countries?

Russian government is going to allow JM: Well, as far as Russia is concerned, I think that, and second, in doing it, you actually that in dealing with the most important problems stimulate them to be more aggressive than we have, problems like global warming, the they would have been otherwise, so it is

China is center-stage in today’s global economy.

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TC: What was it that led you to an interest in Russia?

JM: I developed an interest in Russia and the Soviet Union starting actually when I was in high school during World War II and then it was added to when I began reading Russian literature in translation and was very attracted by it. Duke did not offer Russian language until 1948 when I was a junior, and I was in the first class here. I was number one attracted by Russian literature and culture and number two, politically it was extremely important at that time to prepare for diplomacy with the Soviet Union.

Actually when I was at Duke, my wife and I were both in an organization—United World Federalists, thinking that we needed a world government to make sure Matlock discusses there’s no more horrendous his experience conflict like teaching at Duke World War II or use of nuclear weapons, but as I learned more I decided that was not going to happen and probably was not a good idea.

By the time I graduated from Duke with a major in history, I decided I wanted to specialize in Soviet and Russian affairs, and so I went to graduate school at Columbia to the Russian Institute but with a major in literature and the idea being that I was going to try and go into the Foreign Service or else do common teaching. I’ve been lucky that I’ve been able to do both.

counterproductive. So I feel that much of our policy since the late 90s has been misdirected, in fact, I wrote a book about it called “Superpower Illusions.”

TC: Much of the millennial generation has no memory of the Cold War, how do you think this changes the way we understand relations with Russia?

JM: I think the tragedy that has happened is that the tensions that have grown up because of the things that I have talked about before with Russia have created the atmosphere of your generation in Russia that the U.S. is an enemy and they’re afraid of us. When they see us bombing Serbia over human rights things and invading Iraq and so on, they say, “Well, if they don’t like what we do here, maybe they’ll start bombing us.”

I think the triumphalism, you know, people are saying, “Well, we won the Cold War. We are the only super power. You guys lost.” That has been the thing, which is wrong, but this conveys to the Russians that we consider them a defeated power and we

TC: How has Duke changed since you were here as a student?

JM: Probably the biggest difference is when I was here as an undergraduate, the East campus was the Women’s College, Trinity College was all men and although we had a lot of classes together, the dorms were all quite separate with the men on west and the women on east, except for the nursing school, where they had their own dorm near the hospital. So things are organized quite differently now in many ways.

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Duke Electric Vehicles to make high-profile commercial appearance Lucy Zhang The Chronicle Duke Electric Vehicles will be featured in a commercial during an episode of the NBC show “Heroes Reborn.”

Earlier this year, DEV—a studentrun group which builds efficient electric vehicles—won the Technical Innovation Award for its carbon fiber vehicle body at the Shell Eco-marathon, an international energyefficient vehicle design contest. The award got the group noticed by Shell and as a result a few team members had the opportunity to appear in a commercial for the television series, which is based on the popular 20062010 science fiction drama, “Heroes.”

“We’ve built a new car every year, gotten more and more sponsorships/grants, and represented ourselves—and Duke—on a national scale,” Cynthia Bai, DEV’s primary driver, wrote in an email. “The kind of camaraderie and bond we’ve built as a team when we’re working late on Friday nights are reflected in our accomplishments, and being chosen to appear on national TV is one of those accomplishments.”

After capturing Shell’s attention through its Eco-marathon success, DEV President Charlie Kritzmacher said that DEV was selected to do the cross promotional commercial for NBC’s “Heroes Reborn” and the Shell Eco-marathon. A few members of the team, including Kritzmacher, Bai and DEV Mechanical Engineer Abraham Ng’Hwani, a senior, flew to Los Angeles to film the commercial during Fall Break.

DEV’s accomplishment in winning awards at the Eco-marathon and getting featured in the commercial may have impact in the automotive engineering

industry, Kritzmacher explained. The vehicle which gave DEV the opportunity to be in the commercial features a carbon fiber monocoque. A normal car typically has a frame that carries the structural load of the car and a body that acts as a sort of aerodynamic appendage, he noted. A monocoque, however, is a hybrid of the two objects. In DEV’s car, the monocoque is the sole entity that holds the car together, promoting efficiency, Kritzmacher explained.

“In our case, our body is the entire frame,” Kritzmacher said. “There is no frame to speak of really. It’s just the exoskeleton carbon fiber monocoque that holds everything in.”

Kritzmacher added that he viewed the opportunity to showcase the vehicle in a commercial as a step forward in shifting the automotive industry’s attention to monocoques. Today, monocoques are primarily reserved for performance vehicles such as race cars, he explained.

Kritzmacher said that despite this, the design of a monocoque and the lightweight properties of carbon fibers could enable production of electric vehicles on a larger scale because they have the potential to improve range and efficiency by decreasing weight.

“Overall the monocoque was a success,” Kritzmacher said. “Everything was in the right place. Everything fit together properly.”

Although Kritzmacher was not allowed to disclose details of the set and commercial content, he noted the experience of appearing in the commercial was a long yet interesting process.

“I can say that it was very detail-oriented and I was amazed at how particular

Special to The Chronicle Duke Electric Vehicles recently won the Technical Innovation Award for its carbon fiber vehicle body at the Shell Eco-marathon and will appear on a commercial during “Heroes Reborn.”

everything was,” he said. “It’s not a long commercial. It was 30 seconds to a minute at most, and it took all day to do it. It was exhausting.”

Alexandra Monroe, the head of public relations for DEV, emphasized that despite the students’ lack of film experience the film crew was very welcoming.

“Everyone on set was really nice to us,” Monroe said. “We’re not actors so we were like ‘are we doing this right? Is this ok? Are we the reason we have to redo this? Did we mess up?’” she said. “Everyone was really great to us. It was actually Charlie’s birthday and the crew surprised him with a birthday cake.”

Bai described the experience as a glamorous, stereotypically Hollywood-like experience. The members were shuttled by a

private driver in a black Cadillac. When they arrived on set, they were “dolled up” with makeup in preparation for the shoot. “[The makeup artists] made us absolutely photoshop perfect - you could not see a single pore on our faces,” she wrote in an email. “The director was exactly how you’d imagine a director— a slender, shorter guy in jeans and Vans sitting back in his director’s chair sipping Starbucks while yelling about the lighting/focus.”

Kritzmacher said that although he does not envision himself being in front of the camera in the future, he found the experience worthwhile.

“I definitely have more respect for my favorite actors now. But I think I’m going to stick with engineering,” he said.

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BLACK LIVES from page 1 advertising the event was defaced with racial slurs. This sparked heated student reactions, including a gathering of more than 100 students, as well as a message to all students from Larry Moneta, vice president for student affairs, reassuring students that administrators “genuinely care.”

When asked about the defacing, Cullors responded that she knew about the incident and “took it very seriously.”

“There is a difference between a shooting happening at your school, and someone defacing a flyer. But the allowing of defacing a flyer and nooses on trees leads to shootings inside schools,” she said.

Addressing the black students in the audience, she asked, “How can you feel safe if that’s even a question you have to ask me?”

Cullors did not shy away from criticizing Duke, recalling a “history of racist incidences” that the University has endured.

When asked how Duke could work to dismantle oppression in North Carolina and Durham, she offered a blunt response.

“You would need to cease to exist... I’m being serious.

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Institutions like Duke were built on the backs of anti-black racism, the genocide of indigenous people,” she said. “And the first place institutions like Duke must go to is, what have we done to contribute? How has our existence actually allowed for the death of black people? We have to be honest about that, and most of us don’t want to be.”

During her talk, Cullors said that Black Lives Matter is a growing, global movement bringing to light injustices that had previously been ignored. She cited the increased national dialogue surrounding police brutality as proof of this trend, adding that “freedom for us means freedom for everyone.”

Cullors also asked the audience to shout out the names of those who died at the hands of “the state,” and to speak the names of those who have subsequently fought for injustices against these victims.

Cullors’ visit to Duke was timely, sophomore Feruth Kidane said, because there has not been sufficient leadership for racial issues on campus.

“It was nice to have someone, a face, a leader from above, that came. We haven’t had strong leadership at Duke from faculty or from teachers or professors, so it was nice to see someone older than us come and help us mobilize. It gave us direction,” she

explained. “I think it’s the students’ responsibility to keep [the movement] going.”

The evening ended with a back-and-forth chant in which the audience, repeating after Cullors, made a declaration to fight for freedom.

“It is our duty to fight for our freedom. It is our duty to win. We must love each other and support each other. We have nothing to lose but our chains,” Cullors and the audience chanted.

She received a standing ovation.

INCIDENTS from page 1 would make any difference,” Moneta argued. “The notion of something that’s distinctive for hate crimes isn’t something that is best resolved with more policy. We’ve got a 104-page policy booklet. We have all the policy we need to act.”

He added that no college has been able to devise language that enables free speech while preventing hateful expression.

The Office of Student Conduct does not have a section on hate crimes or bias incidents, and hate crimes do not have their own designation in the annual Clery Act security reports published by the University. Benning noted that schools such as the University of California, Santa Barbara have specific hate incident reporting forms.

The University has a bias response advisory committee that advises the Office of Student Affairs, but the committee has no disciplinary power, wrote Chandra Guinn, committee co-chair and director of the Mary Lou Williams Center for Black Culture, in an email.

“In the long term, I think the only thing that will work is policy,” Benning said. “Until the University articulates a clear policy on hate crimes, we don’t have a way to hold the University accountable.”

Student-led initiatives On April 2, Duke Student Government passed a resolution in support of a list of “essential action items” drafted by BSA March 31. The four items included the addition of cultural competency components to freshman orientation; the creation of a preorientation program for black students; greater transparency of incident reports concerning incidents of bias; and the creation of a social justice fellowship allowing students to propose projects about topics such as bias and injustice.

This year, the Office of New Student Programs revamped orientation week programming to include discussions on building an inclusive campus climate.

“We’ve heard very good things about administrative intent and the fact that there were discussions at all,” junior Ilana Weisman, DSG vice president for equity and outreach, said.

She noted, however, that there could have been more small group sessions rather than presentations. In addition, resident assistants could facilitate discussions rather than first-year advisory counselors.

“The test of the effectiveness of that orientation will be over the next three and a half years,” Moneta said. “Will those students be even more powerful advocates for change?”

Another main focus of the action items was the creation of the Social Justice Fellowship, which will function as a “micro-grant” system, Weisman said. For instance, if a student was interested in doing a research project on race relations in Durham schools, they could apply for funding through the fellowship.

It will be funded by $6,000 from DSG, a contribution matched by the Office of Student Affairs, she said, noting that the fellowship should be ready to fund project submissions by the end of the semester.

In addition, DSG will begin reaching out to cultural groups on campus, Weisman said. Next semester, DSG plans to coordinate a series of discussions called “How to Be a Better Ally.”

Kim said she would like to see improved communication between the different cultural groups, allowing them to cooperate on future initiatives.

“The most practical way to move forward is that whatever these groups decide on, have the administration support that and back that up and help spread the news and publicity,” she said.

A symbol of progress Although the slurs scrawled on the poster and shouted near Kim’s window were symbols of hate, the overwhelming student responses in both cases were symbols of progress, Moneta said.

“The measure of success is the speed at which the campus expresses its outrage,” Moneta said. “These are things that wouldn’t have even got people’s attention some time ago.”

Freshman Njideka Nwosu, whose Facebook post about the vandalism Friday galvanized the student response, noted that the perpetrators of racial hate acts represent a very small minority.

Nonetheless, she said the perpetrators themselves are not the only ones at fault.

“If people keep saying, ‘It’s not everyone,’ it’s no better to sit back and let it happen than to be the one perpetrating the act,” Nwosu said.

Kim agreed, adding that the fight against racism is a battle each person must wage.

“It really comes down to an individual level,” Kim said. “Of course, great big campus dialogues are wonderful. Gatherings on the Chapel steps—those are big things. But it’s really the little things that keep the true momentum going.”

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recess

Volume 17, issue 10

oCToBeR 29, 2015

Resnais Archipelago In-depth French film weekend, page 9

Comic Potential

Duke Players’ robot love, page 7

Transviolet in photos ‘It’s just music, man,’ page 8

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recess editors What state fair ride would you be?

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recess

In art, the best endings usually leave some things unsaid. Now, clearly I am setting you up for some broad, sweeping generalizations about life, but in art it is especially clear that the most moving works are left final, but not fully resolved. To me it’s really interesting that culturally we can be more satisfied with a lack of completeness than an alltelling story.

In some aspects of pop culture, especially in movies, this can be pretty obvious. There better be something more to say, or else there won’t be a sequel. On the other end of the spectrum, gaps in the plot or intentionally withheld information leave room for fans to discuss, hypothesize and argue.

Some good modern examples include “Inception,” “Black Swan,” and “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.” One clear reason for choosing the open ending is to generate buzz and potential publicity for the movie.

But most directors don’t like to think of themselves as financial machines; ambiguity is also an artistic decision. For instance, at the end of “Inception” it is left unclear whether the main character, Cobb, is still dreaming or if he has woken up and safely returned home.

Especially right after the movie’s release this was a common debate topic both in conversation and online forums. Really though, it doesn’t matter if he is still asleep or not. Cobb has dealt with the guilt associated with his wife’s death and can now enjoy time with his children.

Realizing that some things are irrelevant is usually much more beautiful than a laundry list of evidence explaining a story’s conclusion.

The artistry in the non-ending is also common in music. Classical has the half cadence, leaving listeners feeling

up in the air and stuck. Jazz has similar techniques, either ending on a chord that’s not strictly in the key or ending the melody on the nine of the chord, which gives an unresolved, unsettling feeling. What’s interesting is these uncomfortable endings are kept across musical forms. In hip hop a rapper might cut off syllables from their last line or end with an unrhymed line to call attention to the closing or avoid a cliche tagline. The presence of nonendings across forms and styles shows that we somehow get a deep satisfaction from a lack of finality.

Besides for clear, unambiguous

editor’s note conclusions being boring, they also give a sense of finality that we are perhaps more uncomfortable with than simply being left up in the air, free to make what we can from the end. This way, people can walk away from an ending with their own interpretation and be happy with it. Culturally this contentedness with our own conclusions might imply a level of narcissism. We love endings that leave some information out, allowing us to fill it in with respect to our own ideas about how the world. Still, that’s an overly dark and critical interpretation of an aspect of art that I actually really enjoy.

Open, murky endings allow us to discuss and connect with others as we contemplate works that better reflect the complete non endings that accompany

life. As we talk about these facets of art it starts to become apparent that endings are human inventions of human constructs, mirroring how we like to package and give meaning to events that may hold some importance for us.

Art and its endings function in this way, providing hints at our values and desires for our society.

At the same time, though, sometimes all you can take from a non-ending is that we are not all-knowing. Sometimes I think we’re obsessed with pursuing knowledge and in this chase we can forget the important meanings to take from a work. Looking at “Inception” again, if Cobb was obsessed about whether he was in a dream or reality then he would never enjoy being at home with his children. In music too, critics can analyze a lack of finality for as long as they want, usually until we want them to start wrapping up. Still, they miss the point. These non-endings give a certain feeling and atmosphere, and sometimes we just need to accept that as it is.

—Gary Hoffman

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‘Comic Potential’ brings robot love to the stage Jessica Williams The Chronicle Falling in love with a robot is a troublesome thing to do.

Distinctions between humans and machines may be less profound than people would like to believe—at least according to Duke Players’ current play, “Comic Potential,” which premieres Oct. 29 at Brody Theater. “Comic Potential,” written by Alan Ayckbourn, is a science fiction romantic comedy that takes place in the near future. In this future world, live actors have been replaced by actoids, or acting robots, who are unable to feel emotion. Or so it seems, until one robot malfunctions and starts to laugh. After a human and actoid fall in love, the play forces the audience to questions definitions of humanity and love.

“It’s a take on human emotion and love through an android’s eyes,” said freshman Morgan Fears who plays lead actoid Jacie Triplethree.

With its slapstick comedy and classic British humor, “Comic Potential” is sure to be entertaining. The show points out how important it is to see past the tragedy of life to be able to appreciate the laughter we often take for granted. And it’ll be hard not to laugh after watching “Comic Potential,” especially when one of the characters gets a pie shoved in their face.

“It’s not your typical romantic comedy—it raises a lot of poignant

Special to The Chronicle Duke Players’ ‘Comic Potential’ questions love in the twenty-first century through a romantic relationship between a human and a robot.

questions about our humanity,” said director Cullen Burling, a senior.

Man versus machine is a common motif in science fiction. But it doesn’t always provide black and white definitions. Considering the everchanging technological landscape and advances we’ve already experienced in the last hundred years, the question of what defines humanity and what defines machines is now more relevant than ever.

Providing a new insight into this dialogue on what it means to be human, “Comic Potential” emphasizes a human quality not often considered: humor. Comedy is a uniquely human

value, and allowing a robot to use humor questions whether a robot that could understand humor could be considered human.

“Everybody at Duke is very deep,” Fears said. “This is a show that will make you laugh a lot, but also make you think about your relationships in general and underlying reasons why people act the way they act.”

In examining a relationship between a human and a robot, the show questions the meaning and significance of love, and whether or not love with a machine could be real.

In addition to the play’s thoughtprovoking plot, it also features a

freshman-dominated cast.

“It’s always really exciting to work with freshmen,” Burling explained. “It’s especially weird as a senior because I can see myself at that time working with all the seniors and upperclassmen.”

Whether a freshman or senior in Duke Players, the actors for “Comic Potential” are exploring a genre not commonly explored on stage with interesting roles that pose real inquiries into the relationships around them.

“If we are human because we laugh and we love, then what if these machines can laugh and love? Are they not human as well?,” Burling said. “Maybe these categories aren’t as simple as we make them out to be.”

After watching “Comic Potential,” it is up to the audience to decide how they feel about these questions.

Although the play does not give a definitive answer, people watching it will find new ways to interpret humor,

I

f we are human because we laugh and we love, then what if these machines can laugh and love?

— Cullen Burling love and relationships in their day-today lives.

“It’s something that, no matter who you are watching it, you can find a little piece of yourself within the play,” Fears said.

On view through September 18, 2016

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Arowogun d’Osi-Ilorin, Door from a chief’s house (detail), c. 1920. Pigment on wood, 66 x 30 x 2 3⁄4 inches (167.6 x 76.2 x 7 cm). Collection of the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University. Museum purchase. All photos of paintings and sculpture by Peter Paul Geoffrion.

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This week in the arts: Transviolet comes to Carrboro “Black suit, looking sharp with your dark eyes / He loves my imperfections, so I tell him that I love him / Bad boy talking fast, talking dirty / He tells me that I’m hot so I tell him that I love him / And he says girls your age, / never mean what they say.”

Jesús Hidalgo The Chronicle As part of a one-month tour supporting Milly Ekko, the Californian band Transviolet played the songs from their self-titled debut EP Monday at Cat’s Cradle in Carrboro. After their North American tour—which included Toronto and 19 American cities in 17 different states—the group will travel to London to offer three concerts.

Sarah McTaggart is the band’s lead vocalist. She joined Mike Panek, Jon Garcia and Judah McCarthy— three childhood friends from Rochester, N.Y. —after finding an online ad seeking for a singer they had posted.

The name “Transviolet” is a combination of “Transcendence” and “Violet,” the color of universal harmony for the group.

In the middle of the concert, the band got a selfie with its N.C. fans.

The band’s marketing area sent a cassette with the song “Girls your age” to a group of fans. “Some people freaked out. It’s just music, man,” McTaggart said.

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thursday, thuRsday, october octobeR 29, 2015 | 9

Conference examines the films of French director Resnais Sophia Ellingham The Chronicle From a documentary about the Nazi concentration camps to a historical drama about an infamous embezzler to a light-hearted comedy-drama about the effects of terminal illness, Alain Resnais’ work has always been marked by its diversity of both genre and tone.

Resnais was a French film director whose work spanned over 60 years, from the time directly after World War II through contemporary society. Spanning a variety of cinematographic genres and eras, his work is notable for an emphasis on form, strong political statements and a commitment to incorporating a variety of other artistic formats. His work and impact are the subjects of the upcoming Resnais Archipelago Conference at Duke Oct. 29-31, hosted by the Center for French and Francophone Studies and co-organized

by Anne-Gaëlle Saliot, assistant professor of French studies, and associate professor of music Jacqueline Waeber.

Saliot described Resnais’s work as “very interesting, very original cinematographic art. He reinvented himself every film, exploring lots of different genres.”

The Resnais Archipelago Conference, a collaborative effort with the Cinémathèque Française and the University of Paris VII-Diderot, will be the first conference examining Resnais’ work since his death last March. The conference includes five panels and three keynote speakers and aims to be truly international, including scholars from France, South Africa and the United Kingdom.

The title of the conference, the Resnais Archipelago, comes from an image introduced by the scholars JeanLouis Leutrat and Suzanne Liandrat-Guigues. They used the archipelago to represent Resnais’s oeuvre.

Although his films seem to be disparate, the archipelago emphasizes that his work is linked by common themes.

“The archipelago is a poetic metaphor but efficient

conceptually, conveying the notion of a diverse topography and subterranean threads that run through his work,” Saliot said.

Some of those threads include, “history, memory, image and narration,” according to Saliot.

Special to The Chronicle Alain Resnais’ directing career spanned over 60 years, and is the subject of a conference at Duke.

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The conference’s panels are centered on thematic ideas like these, including one titled “History and Subjectivity” and one on the “Materiality of Memory.”

The conference seeks to emphasize the common themes and ideas of Resnais’ work, focusing on the similarities rather than the oft-cited differences.

The conference is also highly interdisciplinary in nature, bringing such topics as politics, philosophy, music and art into conversation with one another.

When asked why a conference seemingly about film seeks to address such topics, Saliot replied, “Because cinema is about life. You cannot talk about Alain Resnais without talking about these things.”

Resnais’s work was clearly shaped by his political beliefs. His 1953 film “Statues Also Die” dealt with the effects of French colonialism on the art of Sub-Saharan Africa. It was so controversial that, at the time of its release, parts of it were censored in France. He also contributed to the 1967 film “Far From Vietnam,” a film that took the controversial stance of showing sympathy for North Vietnam.

In addition to the political aspects of his work, Saliot explained that many scholars now find his work to have philosophical value as well.

“Resnais managed to create new cinematic forms that engaged philosophers to talk about cinema as an aesthetic form, but also as a conceptual form,” Saliot said.

The Resnais Archipelago Conference is an international, collaborative attempt at looking at the work and influence of one film director from a variety of perspectives. The conference will attempt to look at his complete body of work as a whole, unified by common themes and motifs, rather than as separate, disconnected parts of his career. Likewise, the conference will not limit itself to a single discipline, engaging ideas of history, film studies, literature and philosophy, in order to gain a more complete understanding of the influence exerted by Alain Resnais.

In the words of Saliot, Resnais is “one of the most prominent figures in French and in world cinema.”

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10 | thuRsday, thursday, octobeR october 29, 2015

TOP 5: Our favorite foods from the state fair Elizabeth Djinis and Christy Kuesel The Chronicle

3. Roasted Corn 4. Candy Apple

Recess’ Christy Kuesel and Elizabeth Djinis sampled the N.C. State Fair’s culinary offerings on Friday, and through a scientific rating system known only to Kuesel and Djinis, Recess has rated the foods accordingly.

1. Fudge Fudge flavor: Rocky Road—We came into this experience not knowing what to expect. The stand had no lines, and fudge isn’t what you typically think of as stereotypical “fair food.” But one of our writers literally did a dance the Special to The Chronicle second she tasted this fudge... it was that good. The melted marshmallows combined effortlessly with the slightly-melted chocolate for a taste suspiciously akin to that of heaven.

Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle

Roasted corn is not the first thing you think of when you hear ‘state fair.’ Corn? It sounds almost...healthy. But when you see this slathered-in-butter concoction, you’ll realize just how far from healthy it really is. Still, it was a nice departure from the typical fair sugary goodness. Although it may be more like butter with a side of corn, it was a good starter course.

Clearly we were not alone in our beliefs. Patrons lined up behind the roasted corn booths, ready to get their fix. And don’t even get us started on the table full of condiments.

2. Fried Oreos The staple of every state fair, we knew that deep-fried Oreos had to be on our list. And did they deliver. Although it’s a greasy diet ruiner, every bite of that deep-fried Oreo is worth it. (Although we will say that we seemed to feel the adverse health effects within seconds of our first bite.) The Oreos were covered in powdered sugar, which makes everything better, and the creamy filling of the Oreo was fried to perfection. We each had two and were going to wait to each the second one, but we only waited mere minutes between Oreos.

Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle

Candy Apple flavor: Duke themed—On the surface this seemed like the best idea, but in reality it’s kind of underwhelming. The blue sprinkles, caramel and chocolate layers are great, but after that, it’s really just an apple.

And we didn’t come to the state fair to eat apples. Really, it was a good apple. But an Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle apple nonetheless.

5. Corn Dog The corn dog was disturbing. One of us had never tried a corn dog, so we figured it was a fair must, but now it has become a fair mustn’t. We ate more of the fried, dough-y exterior than the actual hot dog interior. Until Kuesel tried it, she didn’t actually realize the “dog” in corn dog Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle referred to a hot dog.

Looking for a dinner substitute at the fair? This is about all you can get. If you’re going to the State Fair, there’s so much to choose from that there’s no point in settling for the merely mediocre.

The Chronicle

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thursday, october 29, 2015 | 11

the blue zone

duke football: injury report vs. MiaMi sports.chronicleblogs.com

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football

men’s basketball

hurricanes for halloween Duke picked third in ACC Brian Mazur The Chronicle

There might be turmoil in South Beach this week.

But in Durham, the focus has been solely on Duke and winning.

The No. 22 Blue Devils are gearing up to face ACC Coastal Division foe Miami in a Halloween showdown Saturday at 7 p.m. at Wallace Wade Stadium.

After suffering a 58-0 Miami loss to Clemson— the worst defeat in vs. program history— No. 22 last weekend, Miami Duke athletic director Blake Saturday, 7 p.m.

James announced Wallace Wade Stadium that the program was parting ways with head coach Al Golden, appointing tight ends coach Larry Scott to fill the void in the interim.

Although the shakeup has surely brought change to the Hurricane program, Duke’s preparation for this weekend’s game against a talented Miami team has remained the same.

“You prepare for that team as you would for any other team,” redshirt senior strike safety Jeremy Cash said. “They are going to have a coach at their helm leading them out of the tunnel ready to play some football. We are going to be ready to play as well.”

As Miami (4-3, 1-2 in the ACC) searches for answers after dropping three of its last four games and losing its head coach, the levels of

Ryan Hoerger The Chronicle

game in ACC history took a physical toll on the Blue Devils and left players like Cash covered in ice following the game. The All-ACC safety said that, although he has no doubt that the team would be physically ready on Friday, coming off such a long game has been a process.

“We were able to use Sunday for recovery,” Cash said. “[Tuesday] we weren’t hitting on all cylinders, we still need to get our legs back a little bit. Ultimately we’re going to come back

CHARLOTTE—The reigning national champion Blue Devils were picked to finish third in the ACC in the preseason media poll released at the league’s Operation Basketball event Wednesday.

North Carolina claimed the top spot, followed by defending regular-season league champion Virginia. Duke received eight firstplace votes to the Tar Heels’ 60.

Freshman Brandon Ingram was named the ACC Preseason Freshman of the Year and was also voted onto the league’s Preseason First Team All-ACC. Sophomore Grayson Allen—who faces bigger expectations and an expanded role this season—was tabbed to the second team.

North Carolina point guard Marcus Paige and Virginia swingman Malcom Brogdon shared Preseason Player of the Year Honors.

The duo was joined on the first team by Ingram, Xavier Rathan-Mayes of Florida State and Demetrius Jackson of Notre Dame.

Virginia forward Anthony Gill, Notre Dame forward Zach Auguste, N.C. State point guard Anthony “Cat” Barber and North Carolina forward Brice Johnson appeared alongside Allen on the second team.

See FOOTBALL on Page 13

See M. BASKETBALL on Page 13

Chronicle File Photo Miami wide receiver Herb Waters has scored a touchdown against the Blue Devils in both of the last two seasons, and will hope for another strong game Saturday.

enthusiasm and confidence around the Blue Devil program could not be any higher. Duke (61, 3-0) is coming off a thrilling 45-43 quadrupleovertime road win against Virginia Tech that put it in serious contention for the Coastal crown for the third straight year. With wins against the Hurricanes, North Carolina and Pittsburgh in the next three weeks, the squad could find itself in the ACC championship for the second time in three years.

The win against the Hokies did not come without its drawbacks, though, as the longest

football

McCaffrey continues family legacy of athletic excellence Nick Martin The Chronicle Throughout head coach David Cutcliffe’s eight years at Duke, his M.O.—aside from reenergizing a near-dead football program—has been recruiting hidden gems, players who the rest of the football world deemed a step too slow or an inch too short, and giving them the platform and opportunity to succeed.

Senior receiver Max McCaffrey is the latest entry in this category.

McCaffrey rose to prominence his sophomore year, when he stepped up as a solid third or fourth option for then-quarterback Anthony Boone, who targeted the majority of his passes to Jamison Crowder and Braxton Deaver. But even with the talent in front of him, McCaffrey’s playing time didn’t falter— he recorded a catch in all but two games that season, and by the time his junior season rolled around, he had established himself as one of

the best young route runners in the league.

Although his touchdowns dipped from four to three in 2014, McCaffrey improved in nearly every other category, racking up 11 more catches and 103 more yards than in his sophomore campaign, often times functioning as Boone’s No. 2 or No. 3 option.

All of this, of course, leads to the present day. McCaffrey is the team’s primary option out wide and currently boasts 25 catches for 360 yards and three scores through just seven games for No. 22 Duke. Barring injury or a complete reworking of the Blue Devil offense, he will surely set career highs in all three categories by year’s end.

But the ascendence of McCaffrey shouldn’t be all that surprising.

‘A great game’ This past weekend’s wacky, four-overtime victory at Virginia Tech may have been See McCaffrey on Page 12

Ian Jaffe | The Chronicle Senior wide receiver Max McCaffrey comes from a strong lineage of athletes, and has proven himself as one of Duke’s most reliable weapons during his time in Durham.

12 | ThurSday, thursday, oCTober october 29, 2015

mCCAffrey from page 11 McCaffrey’s best game in a Blue Devil uniform.

His first touchdown catch—one Cutcliffe called “incredible”—came just 5:11 into the game, as Sirk took the snap from the one-yard line, rolled left and fired a strike over the middle to McCaffrey, who made the snag despite being draped by one Hokie and taking a punishing hit from another waiting for him in the end zone. Of course, the sure-handed Castle Rock, Colo., native made the snag.

Just five minutes later with 4:53 remaining in the opening frame, Sirk hit McCaffrey again for a score—this time on a 16-yard post route on which he burned past a Virginia Tech corner in single coverage—to put the Blue Devils up 14-7.

“Max is a leader in practice and he absolutely had a great game,” Cutcliffe said. “Those catches were as good as I thought they were.

The first touchdown catch was incredible— sandwiched and hit hard by two defenders. He just blocked well, he competed, he ran routes when he knew he wasn’t going to get the ball.

It was special.”

The game would go on to feature five more frames of play, and by the time the Blue Devils won on a two-point conversion run by Sirk and stormed the field, McCaffrey had tallied six catches for 94 yards—a career-high—and two touchdowns, which tied a career-best set last year against Kansas.

As Cutcliffe and others, including his receivers coach Jeff Faris, are quick to point out, McCaffrey’s success is a direct result of his athletic and mental versatility on the field.

“In a game, these are real people and things don’t always happen the way you plan. He does all the little things right, that he’s where

www.dukechroniclesports.com www.dukechronicle.com

he needs to be when the quarterback needs to throw,” Faris said. “He’s a playmaker, but his versatility is what sets him apart. He can hold up blocking on the edge, run past corners....

You tell him once, he’s got it.”

And although a large part of that stems from his work ethic, which is lauded by everyone from his dad to his coaches and his teammates, at least a sliver of his innate talent stems from the fact that he was more or less born to succeed on some type of field.

Family business Nobody should ever be confused as to how or why anyone with the last name McCaffrey is a stud on the football field.

Among the great American sports families, the McCaffreys have spent the past 25 years etching themselves into the fibers of both college and professional sports.

Ed McCaffrey, Max’s father, was a four-year letter-winner as a receiver at Stanford—where he was an All-American his senior year—and went on to complete a 13-year career in the NFL. McCaffrey won three Super Bowls, one with the San Francisco 49ers and two with the John Elway-helmed Denver Broncos, and was selected to a Pro Bowl team before retiring in 2004. Lisa McCaffrey, Max’s mom, was also a letter-winner for the Cardinal as a member of the women’s soccer team during her time in Palo Alto.

Now consider that Max—the oldest of four sons for Ed and Lisa—has one younger brother, Christian, who is currently a darkhorse Heisman Trophy candidate as Stanford’s starting running back, and a second younger brother that is currently a four-star quarterback for Max and Christian’s high school, Valor Christian.

And if you’re wondering why Max didn’t

follow his father and go to Stanford, rest assured that even with all the Cardinal red dominating his childhood, blue blood was already in McCaffrey’s veins. After all, Billy McCaffrey, Max’s uncle, scored 16 points as a sophomore for Duke in the Blue Devils’ 1991 national championship victory against Kansas before transferring to Vanderbilt. And his maternal grandfather, Dave Sime, was a Duke graduate— along with being an Olympic medalist and one of the fastest humans alive in the 1950s.

But despite the everyday presence of it during Max’s childhood with his dad in the NFL, life hasn’t revolved around sports for the McCaffrey family. Max was adamant that his father took a laissez-faire approach to football, letting each of his children explore what interested them, whether it took place on the field, in the classroom or anywhere in between.

“My wife and I would be proud of our sons if they didn’t play sports,” Ed McCaffrey said.

Max handled a large chunk of the responsibility of looking after his siblings while growing up, including driving them to school some mornings with Ed often on the road, his dad said. And even with Ed flourishing in the NFL, Max and his brothers had a fairly normal childhood, filled with shooting airsoft guns, climbing trees in the backyard and taking family vacations to Miami.

“Most of the time, we weren’t playing football. We were just at our house, playing video games, hanging out, talking, just as any normal kids would,” Max McCaffrey said. “I really liked growing up with my brothers. I’m so happy they’re just in my life, because, obviously, growing up without them would have been a lot different. So I’m with them all the time. It’s a great bond, and you never get bored.”

The Chronicle From coast to coast It was that bond that made the decision to uproot and relocate to Durham a difficult one for McCaffrey. So when Cutcliffe came knocking—before Duke had sniffed a bowl game—he made sure to give Max a good enough reason to leave the Rockies for the Triangle.

“I’ve always been a Duke fan growing up, but that’s not all you can take into consideration.

After talking to Coach Cutcliffe, I realized that [he] and the whole staff and players, they had a vision for Duke football,” McCaffrey said.

“It’s something that I hadn’t seen from Duke growing up too often and I just realized they wanted to make a change within the program. I definitely thought I needed to be a part of this, because it’s something that’s just bigger than yourself.”

Still, the move was difficult—Max calling the first year a hard one, as he thought he would be able to see his family more often. But it was in this struggle that Max would once again pave the way and lead the younger McCaffreys that hoped to follow in his footsteps.

“For my brothers, I think it’s been a little easier for them, seeing me go through it and understanding what the process is like,” Max said. “I was a little scared going in, not knowing and it being the first time away from the house.

It’s obviously improved and I got used to it, just as any normal college student does.”

More Online

Max McCaffrey talks about keeping up with how his brothers are performing

The Chronicle

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fOOTBALL from page 11 tomorrow and do whatever we need to do to make sure we are ready on Saturday.”

Cash and the Duke defense were tested last weekend in Blacksburg, but did register another solid performance, only giving up 24 points in regulation. The Blue Devils were able to harass quarterback Michael Brewer in backfield, posting eight tackles for loss and three sacks in the win, even with senior defensive end Kyler Brown sidelined with a knee injury. In his absence, defensive tackle Mike Ramsey made the most of his first start with seven tackles, two tackles for loss and a sack.

Even with quarterback Brad Kaaya’s status unclear heading into Saturday’s game after suffering a concussion against Clemson and not practicing midweek, the Hurricane’s athletic ability on the offensive side of the ball will test the staunch Blue Devil defense.

Running back Joseph Yearby is averaging 5.3 yards per carry and has seven total touchdowns and wideout Rashawn Scott has hauled in 35 catches for 467 yards and four touchdowns. Scott’s fellow receiver Herb Waters—who has caught a touchdown pass against Duke in both of the past two years—has 23 catches for 396 yards. The duo will test the Blue Devil secondary, which gave up three touchdown passes in last week’s overtime win.

Containing talent on the offensive side of the football will be a huge challenge for Duke Saturday, head coach David Cutcliffe said.

“A lot of those kids come out of South Florida, which has an incredibly competitive high school league,” he said. “So it’s a great game to measure who you are and hope that our [team] understands how we are going to have to prepare to be ready.”

On the other side of the ball, the Miami defense has not been as strong this season. Blue Devil redshirt junior quarterback Thomas Sirk, who is coming off a performance of 379 total yards and four touchdowns, is facing a Hurricane defense that ranks 79th in scoring defense, giving up 27.7 points per game.

The Glen Saint Mary, Fla., native, has found some strong targets in a receiving unit that struggled earlier in the season. Max McCaffrey is playing like a senior leader, pacing the team with 25 catches for 360 yards and three touchdowns. But other targets are emerging—such as Anthony Nash, who has eight catches for 129 sudoku_501A

yards and a touchdown in his last two games—giving Sirk multiple options to choose from. “[Nash] has a very wide range,” Sirk said. “He can fill it with his body frame anywhere, he has such long arms that he can get it and attack the ball.”

If Sirk and the Blue Devils can get the passing game going, it could be a long day for a Miami defense that lost starting linebackers Darrion Owens and Rafael Kirby for the season with injuries and could be missing cornerback Artie Burns—who has five interceptions this season—due to the death of his mother.

But Cutcliffe and Duke aren’t reading too much into who will be on the field Saturday. The Blue Devils have only won once against the Hurricanes in the last 10 meetings and continue to have a sour taste in their mouths after losing 22-10 at Sun Life Stadium in a slugfest.

Miami has plenty of talent across the board and that won’t have Duke overlooking Saturday’s game with a possible top-25 showdown with North Carolina looming in a week.

“I’m looking forward to see how our team will improve and compete against a team that has so many dimensions,” Cutcliffe said. “I look at them and I start trying to think of their greatest strengths….you just have to keep going.”

m. BAskeTBALL from page 11

thursday, oCTober ThurSday, october 29, 2015 | 13

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53 Bog 54 Lake Victoria locale 58 Recounting of the time you introduced the Egyptian goddess of fertility?

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63 Staple at a wedding reception 64 Piece that can go left or right 65 Much of a world map 66 Forever 67 “Sure, I’m game” DOWN 1 In ___ (as found) 2 Aerial stunt 3 Comfort spots?

4 Section of a science paper 5 Sold down the river, in a way 6 Ringing endorsement?

7 Stick in a dugout 8 Signals to leave?

9 Mine, in Marseille 10 Back muscle, to weightlifters 11 Where to get in your best shots?

12 Weightlifter types 13 Places 18 Chaplin of “Game of Thrones” 19 Chuck of NBC News 24 “Three’s Company” setting 25 Palindromic Dutch city 26 End of a commencement speaker’s address?

27 Part of the Pixar logo 28 Sandusky’s lake

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PUZZLE BY PETER A. COLLINS

29 Like Charles vis-à-vis Elizabeth

45 Object seen in Seurat’s “La Grande Jatte”

30 Org. with red, white and blue balls, once

47 Citrus drinks

56 “Breakthrough” detailed in many a best seller

48 Figures in a crèche

57 Tots

34 Sharp remark

49 Start of the Nuevo Testamento

59 Locale for Wynken, Blynken and Nod

35 F.D.R.’s mother 37 Branch 39 Breaks 42 Toilette water?

44 Shtick bit

50 Work ___ 53 Fictional boy who claimed “All kings is mostly rapscallions”

55 Scruff

60 Annual awards org.

61 Old White House nickname

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Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay.

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T h e i n d e p e n d e n T d a i ly aT d u k e u n i v e r s i T y

the chronicle

14 | thursday, october 29, 2015

From gentrification to revitalization: what Duke can do

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his year, the Durham County Tax Administration will begin its appraisal of Durham property values to reassess property taxation. For many Durham residents this represents a significant risk to their home security and well-being. Property values in many neighborhoods have skyrocketed, and reassessment presents the possibility that yearly tax burdens could rise above what residents can afford to pay. Tax increases will affect renters similarly as costs are passed on, leading to the movement of poorer residents to less central neighborhoods. At the beginning of this month, the Franklin Humanities Institute sponsored the first in a yearlong series of talks titled “Gentrification and Durham’s Future.” We turn now to Durham’s development and Duke’s considerable stake in it as Durham’s largest employer and with its off-campus student population.

Gentrification is a process of rebuilding or renewal during which affluent populations move into previously ignored areas, displacing poorer residents. Displaced residents face well-documented shortages of affordable housing, reduced access to healthy food, unavailable transportation, loss of employment in communities and low quality schools as they are pushed into resource deserts.

Moreover, their social networks and cultural heritage suffer as structures and communities, built over years in spite of material poverty, are destroyed. Historically, gentrification in Durham has disproportionately impacted

“In the interest of empirical studies, i hope you defined what a date was to the people you surveyed, even if you didn’t include such a definition in your article.”

— “problematicfav” commenting on the Oct. 28 article “Students frustrated with Duke’s dating scene”

Letters PoLicy The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address.

Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns.

The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

”

Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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Inc. 1993

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black citizens as happened during the last reversal of whiteflight when the Durham Freeway was built through Hayti, then the cultural and economic heart of Durham’s black community. Today’s development effort seems poised to have similar effects if left uncontrolled.

By contrast, revitalization is forward development which occurs without displacing local populations. Revitalization works to benefit everyone in a community by introducing

Editorial

economic opportunities through job development, increasing available public funds for infrastructure and programming and improving quality of life by considering appropriate urban planning and introducing restaurants, shopping and work spaces in order to create multiuse livable centers. In Durham, this development has turned our community into a southern destination with improvements in health, wealth and capacity. However, we must ensure that these developments do not come at the cost of diversity.

In cities going through similar renewals, efforts have been made to freeze property taxes for vulnerable homeowners, include affordable housing along transit routes and ensure public access to health clinics. Durham currently does not offer this taxation relief, though graduate students would

qualify by income level, and many residents need this assistance. The city has also yet to ensure affordable housing will be built near transit lines and must consider the public health impact of moving low-income communities out of the city center given the downtown location of the Durham County Department of Public Health.

Duke’s existing strengths in providing support for neighborhood revitalization through the Office of Durham and Regional Affairs could be leveraged to address current policy deficits in transportation and housing.

Interdisciplinary teams could be designed to combat the education, health and energy issues tied to gentrification.

The University and its Health System employ 35,000 people, enough to make up 20 percent of working-age adults in Durham. We are Durham’s largest employer by a long shot and a huge income provider feeding into city development funds through taxation. Additionally, Duke’s more than 8,000 graduate and professional students live in offcampus communities and negotiate the rapidly changing rental and ownership markets on tight student budgets every year. The Duke community therefore represents a significant lobby capable of pushing for changes needed to move gentrification towards revitalization and guarantee access to benefits for all. We must continue to ensure that our university community does not ignore our local community during this critical process or we risk losing the diversity and history from which we all learn.

Tell people how you feel

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W

hen I think of the things I’ve regretted, so many of them come down to things I wish I had said or things I had done.

There would be situations where I’d feel the words on the tip of my tongue, sentences already formed and ready to go, but I never said them. Or situations where I’d see something happening and my feet would slow, but I never stopped. The reason why would come down to a single second when I thought about saying what was on my mind. Always, there was a moment of resistance and hesitation. In that

There are so many times in the day where I want to make this push. The ways we all touch each other’s lives are so complex and easy to miss. If we don’t tell each other, how will we ever know the impact of our actions? It is too painful to always keep quiet, and some things should be said. In telling people how great they are or how we truly feel about them, we remind ourselves that we are human and that the world is not simply a bunch of stimulating pictures, but a meaningful place to live.

The older I get, the more tragic it seems for me to

Isabella Kwai truth or Dare infinite second, I had time to contemplate all the ways I could be misinterpreted. And I would let it silence me and go on, saying nothing. The moment would pass, and I would go on with my day. The classmate would never know how much I admired them, the old friend would never know how much I missed her and my parents would never know how much I needed them. It didn’t even matter how badly I’d want to share these things. That moment of hesitation, and the instinct to heed it, was enough to let any opportunity slide away.

It has only struck me recently how tragic it is that so many important things are left unsaid because of a single moment of hesitation. Surely it would take more than that to deter us from expressing our feelings. Regardless of how hard and stoic we like to paint ourselves, it is in our nature to seek emotional connection with others. Everyone feels this way. That hesitation is a result of extensive conditioning that has long suggested that emotional vulnerability is weak. Psychologist Dr. Leon Seltzer points out that, whenever we reveal our trueness to others, we must have a great deal of trust that the other person will treat us kindly. Unfortunately, human beings are not always so nice. What if we are dismissed or rejected?

Then, we must again trust that this time that we are strong enough to cope with being treated badly.

Fleeting as it is, the moment of hesitation is a kind of self-defense where we subconsciously protect ourselves against getting hurt.

It is so effortless to give into the hesitating second. If we hold back, the moment where we might share something real will pass, and life will go on in the safe way it has before. It takes what might be called a “push” to overcome this hesitation and overcome the comfort of being certain. If we dare to tell people how we feel, it is uncertain what will change. Perhaps it will be more awkward afterwards, or our feelings will not be reciprocated, romantically or otherwise.

give in that dangerous, little second. There is a value in challenging ourselves to express our emotions, however fearful it may be. Likewise, it is beautiful to discover how you have passed into someone else’s daily experience, perhaps in unexpected and extraordinary ways. I have met people that I cannot forget, even years later, because they have contributed to my sense of self. How strange it is that they do not know this. It seems to me that they should know.

Are we so withheld that we are willing to let our conditioned response overcome the good and powerful things that might come out of it? What might our experience of the world be like if we all made the push past the hesitating second? We would be citizens of a rich world where there were less left unsaid and fewer regrets. We would open ourselves to feeling the deluge of hurt but also the joy of holding nothing back.

I had an overnight layover in London once, and a friend hosted me for the evening. We weren’t particularly close, but we weren’t just acquaintances either. This friend had a habit. Every time we left the house, he would go to his mother and kiss her gently on the cheek, just once. He wasn’t an affectionate person. It was just something he did, every time he left the house. It was a very sweet thing, and I was entranced and endeared by it. Such a little thing.

I began doing it with my own mother: a kiss on the cheek before I left the house. I told my friends about it whenever I thought of people and love. The only person I didn’t tell was this friend, not until almost a year later. There it was, the hesitation, the infinite second. I pushed past it, for once, to tell someone how they had changed the way I saw love.

He was surprised. “I had no idea,” he said. “Why didn’t you tell me earlier?”

Isabella Kwai is a Trinity senior. Her column runs on alternate Thursdays.

The chronicle the Chronicle

www.dukechronicle.com commentary

Who has custody over frozen embryos?

T

he roughly one million frozen embryos idly sitting in storage in fertility clinics across the United States has long been a point of controversy.

People often dispute whether these frozen embryos ought to be destroyed, kept or used for stem cell research. However, this past summer highlighted yet another point of

way to have children, it is the method that Dr. Lee has chosen to have children and the reason why she had the embryos created and frozen in the first place. Therefore, her desire to have genetically related children must be considered when determining the custody of the embryos.

Even if Lee’s health issues and desire to have genetic ties to her children were to be ignored,

A

Failure fsetival: a success

cultural anthropology seminar took over East Campus Quad to transform the way that first-year students feel about failure.

Last Saturday afternoon, the students of a class named “Failure: The Culture and History of An Idea” managed a “Failure Fsetival”—spelled incorrectly on purpose—

Melody Su

Alex Zapata

Guest Column

Guest Column

contention regarding frozen embryos: the conflict of custody after a couple’s divorce.

Since the beginning of this summer, the media has been waiting for the court’s decision on Dr. Mimi Lee and Stephen Findley’s embryo custody case. The couple divorced in 2013, and if Lee—who suffers from breast cancer— gains custody over her embryos, she would use them to procreate. However, Findley wishes to have them thawed and discarded. Because Dr. Lee has more to lose in this case than her exhusband does, she should be able to use her right to procreate with these embryos, and they should not be destroyed.

In 2010, Dr. Mimi Lee and Stephen Findley decided to freeze five embryos after Lee was diagnosed with breast cancer. Lee underwent numerous hormone injections, blood tests and ultrasounds in preparation for retrieving her eggs for in vitro fertilization. A fertility consent form was signed for this process, which stated that the embryos would be discarded at the event of a divorce; Lee and Findley divorced three years later. Lee, now 46 and infertile, is fighting for the right to use them to have children that are genetically related to her, while her ex-husband is aiming for them be thawed and destroyed because he does not wish to have children with her.

Dr. Lee has earned the right to keep the embryos due to the fact that she has had to endanger her health in order to extract her eggs, while Findley easily provided the sperm. The eggs had to be extracted before she underwent cancer treatments since the cancer drugs would have endangered the fetus.

Lee’s cancer made extracting her eggs more hazardous than other cancer-free women; she injected herself with the very hormone her tumor feeds on, putting herself in greater danger to the cancer. Because California family law considers men and women to be equal partners, it is not so much a case of who contributed more to the creation of an embryo in this situation, but rather the fact that Lee endangered her own life and put hormones into her body that accelerated the growth of her tumors for the sake of creating these embryos. If the embryos were to be discarded, the risks that she took to the endangerment of her life would be made futile.

Health was not the only thing at stake in obtaining the eggs; Lee’s infertility and cancer medication has rendered her only chance at ever having biologically related children to her to these five embryos. Lee considers the embryos as her “biological children ready to come to life.” While having genetically related children is by no means the only or “correct”

from a legal standpoint, she should be able to change her mind with regards to whether or not the embryos should be discarded. Lee and Findley had checked off boxes indicating that the University of California, San Francisco, was to thaw and discard any viable embryos in the event of divorce, but the consent form that Lee and Findley signed is not legally binding. The lack of laws concerning reproductive technology gives the court the power to choose whether or not the agreement should be enforced. The consent form did not indicate that the parties involved could not revoke their decision at any given time after it had been signed. Lee’s health and last chance at having biological ties with her children could be additional reasons to not enforce the agreement.

Many may fear that allowing Lee custody over the embryos will force Findley into becoming a parent against his will. In general, most courts treat embryos as property rather than potential children and, consequently, favor an individual’s desire to not become a parent over one who wishes to become one.

This general rule could give Findley a good chance at winning the case.

However, forced procreation is not at issue in Lee and Stanley’s case. Lee has no expectations for Findley to be a part of the children’s lives financially and personally, but Findley’s attorney, Joseph Crawford, asserted that “if a child is genetically his, [Findley] will participate in the child’s life...[what] he fears [is] 18 years of interaction with Dr. Lee”. In other words, his protests are not in becoming a parent but rather in the possibility of having to interact with Lee when the children are born.

These concerns do not justify the destruction of the embryos since he is willing to be present in the children’s lives and has not expressed concern over their potential existence. The case could then be treated as if it were a child custody case between a divorced couple, and minimal interaction between Lee and Findley could be arranged with the children’s well being in mind.

Findley will always have the option to have biological children, and this is a choice that Lee does not have. The consent form may be the biggest challenge that Lee will have to face when fighting for custody in court. However, the lack of laws regulating reproductive technology can be used in her favor to help her gain custody over the embryos. Given the scale and media attention this particular case has garnered, the court decision may well establish the legal precedent for future similar cases.

Melody Su is a Trinity junior.

Want to write a guest column?

Contact Amrith Ramkumar at ar299@duke.edu.

thursday, october 29, 2015 | 15

in front of Marketplace, welcoming over 120 first-year students. The festival comprised of events and attractions such as impossible tasks and fail/safes, with the purpose of giving students a different perspective on failure and allowing students to collaborate and create a safe community that nurtures failure.

Erin Parish, the professor of the seminar, has been researching anthropology in history with close inspection of failure for years. “The class is a look at the differential consequences of failure, foundational to American injustice,” Parish explained. This event also served as a launch for the International Failure Institute (IFI), a “new collective of artists, educators, activists and innovators dedicated to the study and practice of failure.” At the same time of the festival on Duke’s campus, similar events were being showcased in the United Kingdom, working collaboratively for some part of the day.

When asked about the failure culture of Duke, one student said, “The fear of failure is talked about more than the failure is actually occurring.” This

constant talk about failure amongst students creates a tension that can have adverse effects on the mental health of students on campus. These detrimental mental effects on students were showcased at the festival with the use of an “insecurities education” display. This display compiled the anonymous social-

media posts present on Yik Yak that were posted by people in the vicinity of campus.

The posts displayed had the motif of being overwhelmingly negative and were followed by fun and encouraging “impossible tasks” that had the intention of changing the space in which failure is viewed from one of negativity to one of introspection.

In the past few years, there has been a huge initiative to deter students from believing in the phenomenon of effortless perfection: the idea that everyone around you has their act together and that they are flawless with little or no struggle whatsoever. The overarching message that the class and Professor Parish want to instill in first-year students is, “That we all fail. We always go around campus thinking that no one else fails, but we need to realize that it happens to everyone. It is not something to be afraid of or to be embarrassed about.”

For more updates on the International Failure Institute, please follow @ FailingAllOver on Twitter.

Alex Zapata is a Trinity freshman.

Pack with a purpose

A

s I start bookbagging for the last time as a senior, I find myself paralyzed by all of the options.

Suddenly, I regret not taking a class with every professor I was inspired by and not exploring interesting subjects regardless of whether or not it was relevant to my major.

where I’ve learned the most about myself and others. In most lecture and discussionbased classes, you learn theories and how to apply them; however in service-learning classes, theories are challenged in the field, and you are forced to confront all of the complexities of society in a way that can’t

Imani Moise Guest Column There is no more “maybe next semester.”

All of a sudden the endless possibilities that bookbagging used to represent have become painfully finite.

I have only four or five spots left, and while other seniors may be looking forward to a “chill” semester, I intended to spend my last semester at Duke excited to go to each and every one of my classes.

Reflecting on my past seven semesters on this campus, the courses that have been the most meaningful and have taught me the most about myself and the world around me have been service-learning courses.

Service-learning at Duke has led me to work in public schools in Durham, at a political think tank in Raleigh and a home for the elderly in Costa Rica—and these experiences only scratch the surface of the diversity of opportunities available through service-learning courses.

More than just the opportunities available through these classes, experiential learning classes at Duke are

be achieved through textbooks alone.

Through these classes, I have learned how to please a client, think on my feet and conduct community based-research; and, I’ve fostered invaluable relationships with professors and community partners along the way.

Although service-learning directly aligns with the university’s motto, “knowledge in the service of society,” only about a third of Duke students take at least one servicelearning class before they graduate. Before you’re like me and it’s too late, put yourself out there and take as many service-learning courses as you can, as early as you can. Go to the advanced search section of ACES and under course attributes and interest area select “Service Learning Courses.”

Here you will see that there are experiential learning courses for all interests, from natural sciences, engineering and business, to ethics, languages and the arts.

Imani Moise is a Trinity senior.

The Chronicle

www.dukechronicle.com

16 | thursday, october 29, 2015

ASIAN & MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES Spring 2016 Course Offerings For additional information, please contact 919 668-2603 AMES 176S/ REL 211S RELIGION AND CULTURE IN KOREA Here it is! This course introduces you to the dynamics of contemporary Korean religions: Shamanism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity, Islam and new religions including Kimilsungism. From a global perspective, we look critically at the diverse expressions of Korean religions in popular culture, politics, economy, literature, sports, and media. You will gain a firm grasp of how contemporary Korean religions reflect Korea’s two-pronged effort, namely, to be international and at the same time to preserve its unique cultural, ethnic heritage. Hwansoo Kim

AMES 211 MELODRAMA EAST AND WEST Melodrama as a genre in literature and as a mode of representation in film and other media. Issues include: gender construction, class formation, racial recognition, and national identity-building. Emphasis on comparative method attending American and Chinese cultures and the politics of crosscultural representation. Guo-Juin Hong

AMES 233/ VMS 237/ICS 302 GLOBAL CHINESE CITIES This course considers the global Chinese city as an object of cultural representation, as well as an engine of cultural representation. Carlos Rojas

AMES 252S/ AMI 287S/LIT 250S

JOURNEYS TO THE INDIGENOUS Dissatisfied with modernity, road movies, novels and documentaries turn to the old ways by which our ancestors lived. They journey to remnants of indigenous communities. They look for ancient agricultural settlements. They seek out hunters and herders. What do these works of observation and imagination discover? What choices do they bring back to contemporary life? Aravindan, Satyajit Ray, Mani Kaul, Rabindranath Tagore, Premchand, Renu, among others. Satti Khanna

AMES 281SL/AMI 225SL/ VMS 225SL/ICS 338SL REVOLUTION ON SCREEN Explores the documentation of conflict in the Middle East through film: the partition of Israel and Palestine in 1948; the wars of independence in the 1950s and 1960s; the Iranian Revolution in 1979; the Palestinian intifadas; war in Iraq and Afghanistan; the Arab Spring; recent upheavals in Libya, Yemen, and Syria; and the propagandistic filmmaking of al-Qaeda and ISIS. Looks at documentary film making, motion pictures, and feature films that interpret conflict through a storytelling lens.

Includes a weekly film screening "lab" and a discussion section.

Ellen McLarney/ Abdul Sattar Jawad

AMES 208S/TURKISH 209S GEOPOLITICS AND GLOBALIZATION

AMES 365S/CULANTH 365S THE WORLD OF JAPANESE POP CULTURE

Study of countries on the geographical periphery of the commonly defined Middle East: Bosnia, Turkey, Armenia, Chechnya, Iran, and Afghanistan. All of these countries have deep Middle Eastern ties and traditions, sizeable communities with Middle Eastern origins and connections, and recent histories of cultural and ethnic conflict and violence.

Exploration of how the Middle Eastern components and histories in these conflicts have been distorted and obscured as the conflicts have been depicted through the lenses of U.S. or Soviet/Russian geopolitical interests. Erdag Goknar

An examination of modern Japanese culture through a variety of media including literary texts, cultural representations, and films.

Leo Ching

AMES 320S/ DOCST 321S REFUGEE LIVES Examines how writers, artists and filmmakers represent the ways in which Palestinians, Syrians, Iraqis, Sudanese and Egyptians have become refugees and their adaptation strategies to new, harsh circumstances both in and outside the Arab world. Discusses government and nongovernmental organizations that have worked with Arab refugees since 1948. Explores the role played by refugees in constructing national identity and consciousness. Regular participation in a minimum of 20 hours of service learning with Arab refugees in Durham. miriam cooke/Maha Houssami

AMES 322 MYSTICAL LITERATURE This course aims at exploring and examining the tradition of mysticism in literature of world, British, and American writers. The objective is to introduce graduate and undergraduate students to numerous genres and literary works that manifest a deep religious attitude or experience as a way of life and cross-cultural phenomenon. Though, there are mystics- or Sufis outside the Catholic Church, the course will focus on selected works of Dante, Milton, Blake, Wordsworth, Walt Whitman and their predecessors in Muslim Spain, such as Ibn Arabi, Abu Al Ala’a Al Ma’arri, and Rumi among other Sufi poets.

Close readings of texts will reveal the recurrent theme: “the direct, intuition experience of God through unifying love”. Translating mystical poetry will be explored. Abdul Sattar Jawad

AMES 335/HISTORY 228/AMI 337/ICS 336

CHINATOWNS: A CULTURAL HISTORY Explores the intersection of space and ethnicity through the myriad ways Chinatown has circulated as memory, fantasy, narrative, myth, in the dominant cultural imagination, and how lived realities of overseas Chinese communities, Asian American history, and changing conceptions of "Chineseness" have productively engaged with real and phantom Chinatowns. Research will emphasize multidisciplinary approaches, such as urban history, architecture, ethnography, economics; or engagement in a creative project.

Eileen Chow

AMES 339S/RELIGION 386S LOCAL ISLAMS Students will forge local relationships that will deepen and enrich their intellectual understanding of Islam, Muslims, and America.

A hands-on introduction to the diverse locales, ethnicities, and practices of the Muslim community— includes site visits and field trips to the Sufi, Salafi, Sunni, Shia, and Nation of Islam Muslim communities.

A scholarly examination of Islam in America, African American Islam, mosque and school, interfaith and pluralism, and Islamic feminism.

Ellen McLarney

AMES 000/Religion 376 ISLAMIC CIVILIZATIONS II Extensive survey of Muslim peoples and institutions. Omid Safi

AMES 376S/RELIGION 325S MODERN KOREAN BUDDHISM This course situates modern Korean Buddhism in the global context of the late 19th century to the present. Through examining the dynamic relationship between Koeasn Buddhism and the Buddhisms of key East Asian cities—Shanghai, Tokyo, Taipei and Lhasa—the course seeks to understand modern East Asian Buddhism in a transnational light. Discussion will include analyzing the impact of Christian missionaries, pan-Asian and global ideologies, colonialism, Communism, capitalism, war, science, hypermodernity, and atheism. Hwansoo Kim

AMES 384S LANGUAGE AND MIGRATION This course examines histories, theories, and praxes of translation, with attention to both the formal elements of translating languages, as well as the larger cultural and social processes involved. Topics under discussion will include cultural exchange, imperialism, "Global Englishes,” incommensurability, bilingualism, indigeneity and adaptation, changing technological platforms and machine translation.

Eileen Chow/Carlos Rojas

AMES 390S SPECIAL TOPICS: Topics in Visualizing Violence From the ceremony of Japanese kamikaze pilots preparing to take flight to the ritualistic staging of ISIS beheadings, we’ll think about how cultural practices, political ideologies, and globalized media vocabularies influence both the production and circulation of violent images.

Dwayne Dixon

AMES 511 DOCUMENTARY/EAST ASIAN CULTURE Focus on documentary films from various regions in East Asia, including China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan, studying the specific historical and social context of each while attending to their interconnected histories and cultures. Emphasis on the ethical implications of documentary in terms of its deployment of visual-audio apparatus to represent different groups of people and beliefs, values and conflicts, both intra- and inter-regionally in East Asia. Special attention paid to the aesthetics and politics of the documentary form in terms of both its production of meanings and contexts of reception.

Guo-Juin Hong

AMES 518S SECOND LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY Introduction to the history and current theories of language teaching, development of an informed and reflective teaching philosophy, and experimenting with standard and up to date instructional design.

Hae-Young Kim

AMES 535/ISIS 535 CHINESE MEDIA & POP CULTURE Current issues of contemporary Chinese media and popular culture within the context of globalization. Cultural politics, ideological discourse, and intellectual debates since gaige kaifang (reform and opening up); aspects of Chinese media and popular culture: cinema, television, newspapers and magazines, the Internet, popular music, comics, cell phone text messages, and fashion. Kang Liu Language classes offered through AMES: Arabic, Chinese, Hebrew, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Persian, Sanskrit, Tibetan and Turkish. http://asianmideast.duke.edu/academics/languages