!eRetro"ective
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CONTENTS Major Historical Events................ .............................................. 3-4 The Museum of Modern Art (MoMa) ............................................. 5 Modern Styles: explore the works of art ....................................... 6 Faber and Faber: the new format of publishing houses................7 The Final Issue of The Little Review...............................................7 The Titans of Modernism: One Year - Three Great Novels............8 A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf .................................. .... 9 Vladimir Mayakovski writes a Comedy: «Bedbag».......................10 The First Academy Awards Cerimony ...........................................11 The Surrealist Cinema: Un Chien Andalou ....................................12
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1929
MAJOR EVENTS of the year The Exile of Trotsky from USSR In February, 1929 Leon Trotsky after the multiple
expulsions, first, from the Central Committee and the Communist Party in 1927, was expelled from the Soviet Union to Istanbul, Turkey. After the XVth Party Congress decision on inconsistancy of the Opposition with the membership in the Communist Party, Trotsky, along with Zinoviev, Kamenev and their supporters capitulated and, refusing to surrender, denied their alliance with the Left Opposition. After that Trotsky with his wife Natalia Sedova and their son Lev Sedov was exiled to Alma-Ata in Kazakhstan and then to Turkey.
Wailing Wall clash: Palestine Riots After the violent clash at the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem between Muslims and Jews in August, 1929 series of demonstrations and riots took place in Palestine. The violent attacks of the Arabs on Jewish population led to numerous deaths and cases of injures from both sides.
New city of Vatican The Lateran Treaty, signed by Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparru established an independent city-state of Vatican. Since the return from Avignon in 1377, Vatican finally gained the status of the independent citystate again.
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1929
MAJOR EVENTS in U.S. St. Valentine's Day gangland massacre On 14th February, Al Capone proved his criminal genius. In fight for the influence and control over illegal alcohol, he organized murder of seven people of George “Bugs” Moran. Al Capone made this clothing his men into police uniform, which allowed them to put Moran’s people in line against the wall. 90 bullets echoed violence and terror in the city of Chicago that day.
Wall Street in Panic as Stocks Crash 12% drop in stock price. 16.4 million shares changed hands. 15,000 miles of ticker tape paper. $25 billion lost. Monday. October 28. The day we will never forget. Wait for the full article explaining causes and effects of the Wall Street crash in the next issue.
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November 7, 1929
ART NEWS
The Museum of Modern Art (MoMa) in Heckscher Building at 730 Fifth Avenue (corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street
Museum of Modern Art: MoMa New York City November 7th, 1929 on 53rd Street in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, opened The Museum of Modern Art, or MoMA. Abby Aldrich Rockefeller and two of her friends, Mary Quinn Sullivan and Lillie P. Bliss, who became known as «the adamantine Ladies» developed the concept of the museum. The museum is situated in six galleries on the twelfth floor of Heckscher Building at 730 Fifth Avenue at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street.
A. Conger Goodyear, the former president of the board of trustees of the Albright Art Gallery in Buffalo, New York, became the first president of MoMa. The event is unprecedented in the history of American art, as it is dedicated exclusively to modern art, both, national and European. The first successful exhibition took place in the same month and displayed the paintings of Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cézanne, and Seurat .
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MODERN styles Surrealism
Expressionism
The Giantess, Rene Magritte
Strong Dream, Paul Klee
Constructivism Skyscrapers on Transparent Yellow, Josef Albers
Abstract Art Etazhnost’, Wassily Kandinsky
Cubism Lemons, Georges Braque
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1929
LITERATURE NEWS Faber and Faber: the new format of Publishing Houses Faber and Faber, the new independent It’s founder, Geoffrey Faber, has promises an publishing house is opened in London, UK. absolutely new format of literary publishing. He has already invited the famous poet T. S. Eliot to be his literary adviser. The first season Faber and Faber issued T. S. Eliot’s Poems 1909 – 1925. The firm is going to publish such authors as Ezra Pound, Jean Cocteau, Herbert Read, George Rylands and many others. Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man by Siegfried Sassoon brough the first commercial success to Faber and Faber.
The Final Issue of The Little Review 1929 ends the sixteen years of publishing Введите текст The Little Review, an American literary magazine, famous due to its serialization of James Joyce’s Ulysses, published the final issue this year. The magazine was founded by Margaret Anderson with the help of Jane Heap and Ezra Pound and ran from 1914 to 1929. In the final issue you can find “Confessions and Letters” from J. Joyce, W. Lewis, E. Pound, E. Goldman and more than fifty other celebrities in arts. The questionnaire, designed by Jane Heap, however, were found as boring and banal. But you may still find many intriguing details of the life of your favorite artists.
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1929
LITERATURE NEWS
The Titans of Modernism: Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner and Alberto Moravia One Year - Three Great Novels 1929 was a fruitful year for the literary masterpieces. For example, three modernist titans - Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner and their Italian collegue, Alberto Moravia published three outstanding novels. We introduce you three stories, three worlds, three pieces of art.
A Farewell to Arms, E. Hemingway One of the first novels of the "lost generation" literary movement about the First World War set in Italy. The story tells about the horror of the war, where naive boys become "cannon fodder", where love has no future , where human life loses its meaning and beauty.The story of Frederic Henry would astonish you.
The Sound and the Fury, W. Faulkner Anyone who decides to read The Sound and the Fury by Faulkner has to be ready to think, re-think and collect the puzzle of four main parts of this deep book told by four different characters in different tones and different times in Jefferson, Mississippi, Harvard University from 1898 to 1928.
The Time of Indifference, A. Moravia The Time of Indifference is the first novel by Alberto Moravia, young Italian writer. The story looks simple, but the plot, uncovering world of five characters, discloses the main idea of the book: not live by bread alone.
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October 24, 1929
LITERATURE NEWS
Solarisation, > Man Ray, 1931
A Room of One’s Own is an essay written by Virginia Woolf and recognized as a femenist text, directed against the patriarchy in literature. It is based on a series of lectures that she made at Newnham and Girton women’s colleges at Cambridge University. “Women and fiction remain unsolved problems.”
Although the essay uses the fictional narration to represent women as both, authors and heroines of literary texts, the essay was considered as non-fictional.
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1928-1929
LITERATURE NEWS The Ants by Salvador Dali, 1929
Vladimir Mayakovski writes a Comedy «Bedbag» - «the exposure of philistinism» Recently published Bedbag by Vladimir Mayakovski is a story about travel in time. The main character, Prisypkin, who changes his surname to Skripkin, is frozen during the time of NEP, and is brought back to live 50 years later. Skripkin-Prisypkin cannot find place for himself in the modern communist world, which got rid of all vices, but the place in zoological garden as an exhibit. Skripkin-Prisypkin’s only companion is bed bag.
Mayakovski says that he collected the material, which came into the comedy, during his work for newspaper. This flavour of newspaper facts made the comedy publicist. «The main problem raised in the play, author says, is exposure of philistinism». «I can raise the standards of the whole proletariat by looking after my own comfort.»
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May 16, 1929
CINEMA
The 1st Academy Awards Cerimony Win Academy Awards for fifteen minutes The 1st Academy Awards Cerimony, hosted by
Dramatic Picture, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best
the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and
Original Story, Best Adapted Story,
Sciences president Douglas Fairbanks, took place on May 16, 1929 at the Hollywood
Cinematography, Best Art Direction, Best
Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles, California. For
winners were announced three months before
the ticket cost of five dollars the private banquet
the event.
hall for thirty-six tables hosted 270 celebrities, who arrived to the ceremony in luxury dresses and costumes. Surprisingly the ceremony lasted only fifteen minutes and was not broadcast either on radio or television. The founder of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation, Louis B. Mayer created the Awards in twelve categories: Outstanding Picture, Unique and Artistic Production, Best
Best
Engineering Effects and Best Title Writing. The
Wings became the best film. Frank Borzage and Lewis Milestone won the Best Director Awards (drama and comedy respectively). The Best Actor Awards was given to Emil Jannings; the best actresse was called Janet Gaynor. Two Special Awards were given to Charlie Chaplin for his enormous contribution to the industry, and Warner Brothers for the first talking picture The Jazz Singer.
Director of Comedy Picture, Best Director of
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June 6, 1929
CINEMA
Simone Mareuil's eye being held open by Luis Bu単uel in the opening scene of Un Chien Andalou
Un Chien Andalou Luis Bunuel and Salvador Dali present... An unprecidented event in the history of cinematography. The Spanish director Luis Bunuel and Salvador Dali present the first surrealist film Un Chien Andalou (An Andalusian Dog). It is a silent film that runs for 21 minutes. Being Bu単uel's first film, it was first presented at Studio des Ursulines in Paris and became extremely succesful and popular.
The film shows a series of surreal scenesassociations, obeying the dream-logic, which reaches its peak in the scene with the eye cut in half with a scalpel right into the orbit of Simone Mareuil.
The film starring Pierre Batcheff, Simone
Mareuil, Jaime Miravilles and Luis Bu単uel and Salvador Dal鱈 themselves. The music by Richard Wagner perfectly contributes to the mood of the movie.
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REFERENCE Cover: http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/man-ray/woman-with-long-hair-1929 Major Historical Events: http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-02-14/news/chi-chicagodays-valentinesmassacre-story_1_al-capone-smccartage-co-george-bugs-moran http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0 http://www.infoplease.com/country/vatican-city.html http://www.marxists.org/archive/mariateg/works/1929-tro.htm The Museum of Modern Art (MoMa): http://books.google.kz/books?id=kuJ6RxgVXa0C&pg=PA796&dq=%22the+institution+most+responsible+for+developing +modernist+art%22+%22the+most+influential+museum+of+modern+art+in+the+world%22&redir_esc=y http://www.moma.org/learn/resources/archives/archives_highlights_01_1929 Modern Styles: explore the works of art: http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/rene-magritte/the-giantess-1929#close http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/paul-klee/strong-dream-1929 http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/josef-albers/skyscrapers-on-transparent-yellow-1929 http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/georges-braque/lemons-1929 http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/salvador-dali/the-ants Faber and Faber: the new format of publishing houses: http://www.faber.co.uk/ The Final Issue of The Little Review: http://modjourn.org/render.php?view=mjp_object&id=LittleReviewCollection The Titans of Modernism: One Year - Three Great Novels: http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/soundfury/ http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/67145.The_Time_of_Indifference http://www.jfklibrary.org/~/media/assets/Archives/Documents/Ernest%20Hemingway/Ernest%20Hemingway%20PDFs/ Hemingways%20Library.pdf A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf: http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/ownroom.html http://www.webcitation.org/6D9Ucc8cG http://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/1315615-a-room-of-one-s-own http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/man-ray/solarisation-1931 Vladimir Mayakovski writes a Comedy: «Bedbag»: http://feb-web.ru/feb/mayakovsky/texts/ms0/msb/msb-643-.htm#%D0%9F%D0%AC%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%AB. %D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF.%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_33 http://www.wikipaintings.org/ru/salvador-dali/the-ants http://www.sovlit.net/bedbug/ The First Academy Awards Cerimony: http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/about/history.html http://www.filmsite.org/aa27.html The Surrealist Cinema: Un Chien Andalou: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0020530/
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