SDR_1.74 Our studio, SDR_1.74, will use knowledge, creativity, and enthusiasm to introduce a theory capable of revitalizing an existing inefficient environment into one that is adaptable, self-sustaining, and progressive.
can not become national if we keep ng the rules in egian!�
rleiv Bilstad.
From their studio to ours.
System_13 meets with Torleiv Bilstad, Professor at the University of Stavanger ober 23. 2009 0 ersity of Stavanger Cafeteria
Sandnes, Norway
Sandnes within the Region of Rogaland
Identities of Sandnes
Sandnes is known for its individualistic inhabitants, industrial past, and connection to nature.
Natural Environment of Sandnes
The unique landscape of Sandnes is highly valued.
Built Environment of Sandnes
Sprawling development is beginning to take over natural landscape.
Flows of Systems through the Region of Rogaland
Nodes & Flows Flows Nodes Roads Train
Nodes & Flows Nodes Major Flows Minor Flows Roads Train
National and regional flows of systems are causing movement away from the center of Sandnes.
MANHATTAN SANDNES STAVANGER MANHATTAN MANHATTAN SANDNES SANDNES MANHATTAN MANHATTAN TOPEKA STAVANGER SANDNES SANDNES 124500 52000 63000 52000 63000 122000 124500 52000 63000 52000 52000 63000 63000
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303 sq. km
Density and Growth of Sandnes
KANSAS CITY DENVER CITYTOPEKA OSLO TOPEKA KANSAS CITY DENVER OSLO TOPEKA STAVANGER KANSAS DENVER OSLO KANSAS CITY DENVER KANSAS CITY DENVER OSLO TOPEKA STAVANGER STAVANGER SANDNES 2160OSLO 482299590000 610345 590000 122000 482299 610345 590000 122000 124500 482299 610345 590000 482299 610345 122000 482299 610345 590000 122000 124500 124500 258621
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38.9 sq. km 303 sq. km
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38.9 sq. km
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71 sq. km 303 sq. km
= 20000 people = = 20000 20000 people people
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303 sq. 208 303ppl/sq.km sq.km km
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38.9sq. sq.km km 147.6 71 sq. km 38.9 sq. km 38.9 sq. km 1,337 ppl/sq.km
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147.6 sq. km
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454 71sq. sq.km km 1,753 ppl/sq.km 71 sq. km 71 sq. km
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147.6 sq.km km 454 sq. 401 sq. km 1,299 ppl/sq.km 147.6 sq. km 147.6 sq. km
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401 sq. 823ppl/sq.km sq. km km 586
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454 sq. km 454 sq. km
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454 sq. km
823 sq. km
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Sandnes will continue to grow in population.
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401 sq. km
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401ppl/sq.km sq. km 853 401 sq. km
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823 sq. km
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823 sq. km 823 sq. km
Bold, Tolerant, Generous, Courageous, and Healthy
Sandnes desires to exemplify Bold, Tolerant, and Healthy characteristics.
How can Sandnes adapt and progress into the future?
2160? Our studio will project 150 years into the future to accoomodate changes in culture, generations, and the current political and economic climates.
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
How do we start to develop tools capable of reforming environments?
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
What is an inefficient environment? Uncontrolled Growth Resistance to Change Unsustainable Habits Disregard for Human Scale
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
Uncontrolled Growth Sandnes in 2160 with Uncontrolled Growth 126.4 sq. km. at 2046 average people. sq. km. 258,621 people
Urban Core Suburban Areas
Sandnes in 2160 with uncontrolled growth_ Total_ 126.4 sq. km. @ 2046 average people/sq. km Total_ 258,621 people Urban Core_ 1.15 sq. km Suburban Areas_ 125.25 sq. km
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
Resistance to Change
Shoreline Condition_Sandnes
Rail Line_Sandnes
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
Unsustainable Habits
Shoreline Condition_Sandnes AVERAGE AMOUNT OF OIL
>
0 1950
2000
2100
2200
2300
Rail Line and Highway_Sandnes
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
Disregard to the Human Scale
Rail Line_Sandnes
Existing Train Stop_Sandnes
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
What is an efficient environment? Permeability, Harmony, Imagination, Diversity, and Adaptability - PHIDA Societal Creative and Informative Output
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
What does PHIDA mean in different settings?
Permeability
H armony
Imagination
D iversity
A daptability
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
A Permeable, Harmonious, Imaginative, Diverse, and Adaptable Physical Environment
Tree House Installation
The High Line_ New York City
Disney Concert Hall_ Los Angeles
The Opera House_ Oslo
The Birds Nest_Beijing
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
Societal Creative and Informative Output The Creative Class is a renewable resource
The Knowledge Economy is a renewable economy Tolerent
DIVERSITY
opportunity labor market
unique
Technology
flexible
growth
multidimensional
TALENT
creative class
information
ECONOMIC GROWTH
Adaptable
CULTURE
acceptance
innovation
independent
art
OPENNESS
Educated
active participation
Authenticity DISCOVERY
change
Human Capital
individuality
variety
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
Knowledge + Creativity = Creative City
C reative Class High School_ Sandnes
= Creative City
Il Campo_ Siena
Knowledge Economy
Market_ Sandnes
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
How can an environment begin to revitalize into an efficient one and heal itself when inefficient qualities form again?
Inefficient
Efficient
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
How do we develop tools capable of instigating change in an environment? What are the qualities of these tools?
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
How do we develop these strategies specific to the inefficient qualities of Sandnes?
SubSystem13 Blanket and the Stitch at the North end of Sandnes.
Blanket and the Stitch at the Market Place.
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
STRATEGIES >
NODE
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
Inception of the Blanket and the Stitch BLANKET_ a diagram of connected spaces through the use of another ground plane STITCH_ an infrastructure of urban utilitarian systems 7M
9M
18 M
18 M 9M 3M
BMW Welt, Munich by Coop Himmelblau
T Centralen, Stockholm
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
Qualities of Strategies Ensure an adaptable and self-sustaining environment Instigate the reactive revitalization process React uniquely depending on the changing local and global contextual variables Exist in all dimensions of an environment Admit that the future is uncertain and irregular and allow for improvisation of results Permeable, Harmonious, Imaginative, Diverse, and Adaptable
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
FABRIC_ a repetitive cohesive texture related to the human scale and existing environment. NODE_ the dynamic intersection of various energies in the form of flows. BLANKET_ the co-existence of flows in all dimensions. STITCH_ development of flows between nodes.
>
S_13 Grid Systems FABRIC >
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
Why was the Fabric instigated as a strategy? How was it developed?
ntion of Lang St.,
ellel to coast line
: oric Lang Street
: st line ial scheme focusing ter of the city. (The
Grid’s Origins
NODE
STRATEGIES >
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
Fabric_ a repetitive cohesive texture related to the human scale and existing environ-
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
Fabric in the Master Plan of Sandnes
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
Node_ the dynamic intersection of various flows of energy
“Emergence, and thus evolution, are impossible in a totally planned city that offers no choice between possible alternatives.”
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
Effects of Nodes in an Environment
Piazza San Marco, Italy
Spanish Steps, Italy
Las Ramblas, Barcelona
Piazza Navona, Italy
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
Major Implications of Nodes within Sandnes
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
The Blanket Continually Refined as a Strategy
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
Blanket_ the co-existence of flows in all dimensions
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
The Blanket in the Master Plan of Sandnes B B
B
B B
B
B
B
B
B B
B
B B B B B
B
B B B
B
B
B
B
B
0m
50m
150m Meters
350m
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
>
>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
How has the Stitch developed as a strategy? Why is it needed within a city?
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
BLANKET
STITCH
Stitch_ development of flows between nodes
Street Car
Stop
Rail Highway Street Car Pedestrian Bus Bike Parking
Station Rail
Systems at South End
Highway Street Car Pedestrian Bus Parking
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
The Stitch within the Master Plan of Sandnes
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
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>
INEFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT >
FABRIC
NODE
STRATEGIES >
BLANKET
EFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT
STITCH
Strategies instigate the reactive revitalization process towards an efficient environment and reform inefficient qualities that may arise in the future.
How are these 4 strategies implemented in the existing environment of Sandnes? How will the qualities of each strategy individually react to the solutions of other strategies?
>
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE DIVERSE
Strategies working together.. Determine the Phasing of Growth for the City Create Sustainable Habits and Movement Activate Sandnes as a Destination within Norway and the Region of Rogaland Activate Sandnes as a Community Promote a High Quality of Life Progress the Existing Identity of Sandnes Make the city of Sandnes Permeable, Harmonious, Imaginative, Diverse, and Adaptable
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
Strategies Determine the Phasing of Growth in the City of Sandnes 2030 1.15 sq.km
2060 2.66 sq.km
2110 5.75 sq.km
Controlled urban development and phasing plan decreases suburban sprawl and increases density.
2160 7.66 sq.km
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
Sentrum = 2,000 people
Year 2030 6,250
5,435 ppl/sq.km
Year 2060 19,554
7,351 ppl/sq.km
Year 2110 22,351
8,403 ppl/sq.km
Year 2160 30,088
11,311 ppl/sq.km
City Year 2030 6,250
5,435 ppl/sq.km
Year 2060 19,554
7,351 ppl/sq.km
Year 2110 48,315
8,403 ppl/sq.km
Year 2160 86,600
11,311 ppl/sq.km
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
BUILDING USE TOTAL AREA FOOTPRINT sq. m.
PHASE year
BUILDINGS FOOTPRINT area sq. m.
45% of total area footprint
TOTAL BUILDING RESIDENTIAL AREA area sq. m. refer to RESIDENTIAL table 30% of total building area
OFFICE area sq. m.
COMMERCIAL area sq. m.
INDUSTRIAL
CIVIC
refer to OFFICE table 13% of total building area
37% of total building area
10% of total building area
10% of total building area
2160 sentrum city
2,660,000 7,656,000
1,197,000 3,445,200
6,006,363 17,671,420
1,801,909 5,301,426
349,641 2,258,131
2,222,354 6,538,425
600,636 1,767,142
600,636 1,767,142
RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS PHASE = 1 person FOOTPRINT year area sq. m.
POPULATION people
45% of total area footprint
HOUSING units 2.3 people / unit
1,197,000
30,088
55.65 sq. m / person
8mx16m
2.3 people / 8x16x3 meter cubed housing unit 2160
TOTAL RESIDENTIAL HOUSING = 1,869 housing HOUSING RESIDENTIAL PERCENTAGE units / 4,300 people area sq. m. volume m.3 area sq. m. 10% residential area / circulation total building 128 sq. m. / unit included area footprint
13,082
1,674,463
3m high
30,088 people in Sandnes Sentrum / 5,023,388 meters cubed 5,023,388 1,841,909 153.88%
OFFICES OFFICES MUNICIPALITY EMPLOYEES OFFICE = 2,000 people of Municipal population employed in the Sentrum = 2,000 people of Sentrum population employed in the Sentrum PHASE BUILDINGS OFFICE POPULATION CITY POPULATION EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT IN THE CITY PERCENTAGE year area sq. m. people people people people people area sq. m. ofĂžce area / 55% of city 25% of municipal total building population 25 sq. m. / person area footprint 23,380 Employees in thepopulation Sentrum 15% of 25% = 4% 2160 2,660,000 civic, industrial, 170,781 and office zoning 30,088 is determined 16,548 6,831 Commercial, residential, volumetrically in order to23,380 ensure certain584,491 spatial
qualities and encourage density in the vertical direction.
21.97%
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
20% Private Open Space 30% Green Space 25% Urban Plaza 25% Boardwalks
Open space for encouraging meeting and creative information exchange.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE DIVERSE
9m 9m
m
64 Civic Unit_ 384m3
64m
Commercial Unit_ 288m3
Office Unit_ 288m3
Residential Unit_ 192m3
Industrial Unit_ 576m3
An efficient environment will form from the existence of a certain pattern related to the importance of being human.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
Strategies Create Sustainable Habits and Movement
Street Car Route
A flexible infrastructure allows mass transportation systems to adapt over time and serve a high density of people with little time cost to the consumer.
PERMEABLE
Highways
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Rail Line
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
Intermodal Transit Hub from Old to New
Designing for systems to never happen sigularly creates an efficient infrastructure that is easily adaptable over time.
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Location of Parking Areas
Controlled development of the city allows infrastructures to adapt and service different needs over time without becoming obsolete. Flexibility of service structures allow for varying programmatic changes in the future.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Strategies Working Together Activate Sandnes as a Destination within Norway
Urban green spaces connects dense areas to the natural environment.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Bridges in the city encourage flow in a loop rather than linearly along the coast towards Stavanger, thus enabling Sandnes as a destination.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Cultural community spaces attract and incite the creative class within Norway.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
Old Coastline
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Added Land and Coast Line
A dynamic shoreline activates the dialogue between land, water and inhabitants.
DIVERSE
New Coastline
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Incinerator
Waste Water
Grey Water
Agriculture Fishery
Recycling
Concert Hall
Sustainable Systems on Piers
Increasing dependence on sustainable systems encourages activity on the global scale.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
In-Between Piers
Adaptable program of the fjord allows Sandnes to participate in the region.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
Connections Between Plazas
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
Movement Under and Over Rail Line
Strategically placed piazzas and the connections between them activate the city on all levels and create seamless movement throughout the city.
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
proposed
existing
Existing major flows move north-south impeding on movement towards the fjord. Proposed east-west flows are emphasized and designed to overcome this barrier.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Strategies Working Together Activate Sandnes as a Community
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
rail 9m
blanket_bridge 18m
avenue 9m highway -3m
langgata ground plane
The Avenue
Connection of Systems
The Avenue creates an urban pedestrian street by allowing systems to be adaptable.
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
Avenue +18
Highway +12
line l i a R
+3
Parking/Delivery
Bridge at North End
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Strategies Working Together Promote a High Quality of Life
One Quarter Mile Radius Walking Distance
One Half Mile Radius Walking Distance
Walkable neighborhoods promote community interaction and daily physical activity.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
Green Space
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Green space within the fabric of the urban setting allow for activity of recreational and agricultural services.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Daylighting used as an urban strategy considering low sun angles in Norway and spanning streets but allowing direct gain.
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Progress the Exisiting Identity of Sandnes
Existing Buildings
Progression of the texture and scale of Langgata in relation to the fabric of Sandnes.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
Existing Buildings
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
Existing buildings of Sandes to remain in their current condition and celebrated in the urban fabric.
DIVERSE
ADAPTABLE
PERMEABLE
HARMONIOUS
IMAGINATIVE
DIVERSE
Have the strategies, Fabric, Node, Blanket, and Stitch progressed the realization of a progressive and adaptable city?
ADAPTABLE
Is Sandnes 2160... bold, tolerant, and healthy? a revitalized inefficient environment capable of sustaining itself? capable of fueling a creative class and knowledge based economy? capable of self-organizing in the uncertain conditions of the future? permeable, harmonious, imaginative, diverse, and adaptable?