Interface Vol. 31, No. 2, Summer 2022 by The Electrochemical Society

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VOL. 31, NO. 2, S u m m e r 2 0 2 2

08 Get to Know the New Society Officers

18 Interface’s New Contributing Editors

16 2021 Class of Highly Cited Researchers

37 Tech Highlights

FUTURE ECS MEETINGS

242nd ECS Meeting ATLANTA, GA Oct. 9-13, 2022 Atlanta Hilton

243rd ECS Meeting

244th ECS Meeting

with SOFC-XVIII

GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN October 8-12, 2023

BOSTON, MA May 28-June 1, 2023

Swedish Exhibition & Congress Centre

Hynes Convention Center and Sheraton Boston

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245th ECS Meeting

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SAN FRANCISCO, CA May 26-30, 2024 Marriot Marquis San Francisco

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The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

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The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

FROM THE EDITOR

The Next Generation

orry, Star Trek fans, the TV series is not the topic of interest here. Instead, the starting of the fourth decade of Interface calls for not only looking back, but also looking forward. I looked back in the Spring 2022 editorial, with a sneak peek of the future of an all-digital Interface. I am happy to note that the print-on-demand option has already been a big hit for those with the continued desire for a tactile reading experience, not to mention the best-looking covers for displays on coffee tables worldwide. Now is the time to look forward and start involving the next generation of members across all the activities of the Society. Over my time as Editor, I have marveled at how previous editors of Interface managed all of the aspects of the technical articles without any apparent struggle, while, for me, it is a quarterly mad dash to make sure I am not the one holding up the entire process. As the great philosopher Dirty Harry said, “A man’s gotta know his limitations.” Although that is quite the list in my case, I decided to turn lemons into lemonade by bringing on more Contributing Editors (CE). Of course, we already have two CE: Alice Suroviec and Donald Pile. Alice has been scouring the internet for Websites of Note since 2016, more recently adding App Corner as the explosion of apps screamed for someone to separate the wheat from the chaff. Donald has been doing a superb job as the CE in charge of handling Tech Highlights since 2009 (!), for which he has the undying admiration of all the editors with whom he has worked, including this one. I am happy to introduce a set of new Contributing Editors. You can read more about them later in the issue, but allow me to officially welcome and thank Chris Alexander (University of South Florida), Chris Arges (Penn State), Scott Cushing (Caltech), and Ahmet Kusolgu (Lawrence Berkeley). All of our new CE are young thought leaders in their technical areas as well as outstanding communicators. They will bring new voices to these pages. Their contributions will no doubt make Interface better. I am in conversation with each of the new CE regarding their portfolio for coming issues of Interface. The reemergence of features such as Chalkboard, ECS Classics, and TechWatch, as well as expansions of People News, Spotlights, and other sections are all possibilities, as well as all-new features. If you have ideas for a feature, please send them to me. I can give you a sneak peek of the return of Free Radicals in the Fall issue by no other than former Interface Editor, current Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, and allaround man about town, Krishnan (Raj) Rajeshwar. The topic will remain under wraps, but anyone who has read Raj’s editorials knows what an innovative thinker and gifted writer he is. So be on the lookout for the new features that we will roll out in the next few issues. The new energy and ideas that the new CE are adding will fuel the transformation of Interface in its new all-digital form, evolving from a magazine to an electronic access point for the ECS and wider electrochemical community. It will help me pursue the goals I laid out in my first editorial, including to inform our members of the many ways in which they can become involved and contribute to the Society’s mission. For those members who cannot participate in person, it will provide the means to do so virtually. We will make tighter connections between Interface and the ECS journals, including the new ECS Sensors Plus and ECS Advances. We will use the site to be the historical record of the Society, as well as a place to more fully recognize all of the achievements of our colleagues and to reach out to the wider scientific community and beyond. I can’t wait. To achieve all these goals, I finally took Dirty Harry’s sage advice to heart and brought on people who will more than make up for my shortcomings. They are great representatives of the next generation of our Society who will undoubtedly move Interface and ECS forward and take both to new heights. Until next time, be safe and happy.

Rob Kelly Editor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-0978

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Published by: The Electrochemical Society (ECS) 65 South Main Street Pennington, NJ 08534-2839, USA Tel 609.737.1902, Fax 609.737.2743 www.electrochem.org Editor: Rob Kelly Contributing Editors: Christopher L. Alexander, Chris Arges, Scott Cushing, Ahmet Kusolgu, Donald Pile, Alice Suroviec Director of Publications: Adrian Plummer Director of Community Engagement: Shannon Reed Production Editor: Kara McArthur Graphic Design & Print Production Manager: Dinia Agrawala Staff Contributors: Frances Chaves, Genevieve Goldy, Mary Hojlo, Christopher J. Jannuzzi, John Lewis, Anna Olsen, Jennifer Ortiz, Beth Schademann, Francesca Spagnuolo Advisory Board: Brett Lucht (Battery), Dev Chidambaram (Corrosion), Durga Misra (Dielectric Science and Technology), Philippe Vereecken (Electrodeposition), Jennifer Hite (Electronics and Photonics), Mani Manivannan (Energy Technology), Cortney Kreller (High-Temperature Energy, Materials, & Processes), John Weidner (Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering), Jakoah Brgoch (Luminescence and Display Materials), Hiroshi Imahori (Nanocarbons), James Burgess (Organic and Biological Electrochemistry), Robbyn Anand (Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry), Ajit Khosla (Sensor) Publications Subcommittee Chair: Colm O'Dwyer Society Officers: Turgut Gür, President; Gerardine Botte, Senior Vice President; Colm O’Dwyer, 2nd Vice President; James (Jim) Fenton, 3rd Vice President; Marca Doeff, Secretary; Elizabeth J. Podlaha-Murphy, Treasurer; Christopher J. Jannuzzi, Executive Director & CEO Statements and opinions given in The Electrochemical Society Interface are those of the contributors, and ECS assumes no responsibility for them. Authorization to photocopy any article for internal or personal use beyond the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976 is granted by The Electrochemical Society to libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC). Copying for other than internal or personal use without express permission of ECS is prohibited. The CCC Code for The Electrochemical Society Interface is 1064-8208/92. ISSN : Print: 1064-8208

Online: 1944-8783

The Electrochemical Society Interface is published quarterly by The Electrochemical Society (ECS), at 65 South Main Street, Pennington, NJ 08534-2839 USA. Subscription to members is part of membership service. © Copyright 2022 by The Electrochemical Society. *“Save as otherwise expressly stated.” The Electrochemical Society is an educational, nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization with more than 8,500 scientists and engineers in over 75 countries worldwide who hold individual membership. Founded in 1902, the Society has a long tradition in advancing the theory and practice of electrochemical and solid state science by dissemination of information through its publications and international meetings.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Vol. 31, No. 2 Summer 2022

39 ECS’s Five Communication Pillars by Frances Chaves

41 Meet Interface's New Contributing Editors by Christopher L. Alexander, Christopher G. Arges, Scott Cushing, and Ahmet Kusoglu

Some Recent Award 47 How Winners are Engaging with the Society

by Eric McShane and Thalia Standish

the Editor: 3 From The Next Generation the President: 7 From We Do Have a Role to Play in Addressing Global Challenges

the New 8 Meet 2022 Society Officers

14 Society News 29 Websites/Podcasts of Note 31 Looking at Patent Law 37 Tech Highlights 50 Section News 52 Awards Program 54 New Members 59 Student News

On the Cover: This month’s cover, an original design by Dinia Agrawala, showcases The Electrochemical Society's greater than 120-year commitment to moving science forward.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

FROM THE PRESIDENT

We Do Have a Role to Play in Addressing Global Challenges

I am excited about the successful launching of two new s we cautiously emerge from open-access ECS journals, namely ECS Sensors Plus and ECS the worst of the COVID-19 Advances. However, we can and should do more to increase pandemic, we find ourselves our impact. We need to initiate deliberative processes to plan facing a “new” world challenged with and launch other impactful ECS titles in the coming years difficult problems on a global scale, including energy and that address global concerns. I will build support among the water security, clean environment, climate change and global divisions to help guide planning for new journal titles. warming, and even access to and equity in health care. As an international society, I recognize the need for ECS to Fortunately, as ECS members our collective skill sets and be more engaged with our international colleagues and explore expertise in many of these areas not only uniquely position programs that benefit all. Global challenges are inherently us to make impactful contributions, but also task us with the complex and can best be resolved by effective multidisciplinary responsibility to address the grand challenges of our century collaborations. ECS provides the ideal platform and unique toward chartering a sustainable future for the next generations. opportunities to nurture such collaborative efforts to achieve Increasing trends in global warming due to emissions sustainable solutions. present arguably an existential challenge to Earth’s carbonWhile continuing to provide an intellectually stimulating constrained ecosystems. They are intimately linked to our and scientifically vibrant home for our more than 8,000 thirst for fossil fuels that currently provide most of our energy members from nearly 80 and electricity needs. Russia’s countries, we also need to recent brutal and unprovoked invest heavily in students, invasion of Ukraine further postdocs, and young scientists underscores the fragility and from across the globe as future geopolitical vulnerability of “Many aspects of energy and leaders of ECS. We must global energy security systems environment sit squarely at the devote particular attention to and resources. core of our research activities.” diversity in race and gender, Many aspects of energy and as well as inclusivity and environment sit squarely at the equity. As President, I will core of our research activities. work toward expanding We have much to offer, not diversity and international only in advancing clean participation in membership, and help generate resources for technologies for sustainable solutions in energy, environment, young scientists to attend ECS meetings. and even health, but also in affecting policy decisions guided ECS has been my professional home since 1973. I have by science to tackle these critically important global-scale always valued the stimulating and informative environment of challenges. ECS meetings and feel fortunate to have built many valued In that regard, ECS publications are uniquely effective and lasting friendships over the years. I am truly humbled and instruments to maximize our impact on informed policies honored to have gained your trust for this prestigious position and public awareness. The Society’s Free the Science as President to serve you and our esteemed Society. I look objective to disseminate knowledge and new advances forward to working with you all. freely is a major undertaking toward achieving this goal. In closing, I also take this opportunity to recognize the Providing training and educational materials helps address tireless efforts of our outstanding ECS headquarters staff and the skilled workforce pipeline needed for decarbonizing the leadership team. Their demonstrated resilience, efficiency, and energy economy and other major industries to mitigate global dedication made it possible to steer the Society through the warming. Furthermore, we need to publicize our members’ troubled waters of the pandemic, and successfully hold our groundbreaking discoveries to the public at large, and invite biannual meetings virtually with record participation. Please industry leaders and policymakers from around the globe to join me in thanking them. our biannual meetings to help bridge the gap between science, policy, and technology in addressing these pressing global challenges.

Turgut M. Gür ECS President https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-4766

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Meet the New 2022 Society Officers

n June 3, 2022, the newly elected officers of The Electrochemical Society assumed their posts. We are pleased to welcome Turgut M. Gür as President, James (Jim) Fenton as 3rd Vice President, and Elizabeth PodlahaMurphy as Treasurer.

2022-2023 Turgut M. Gür Turgut M. Gür is an Adjunct Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Stanford University, where he recently retired after a rewarding career spanning nearly four decades. During this time, he also provided leadership for three major on-campus multi-disciplinary team-based research centers focused on advanced materials and energy conversion and storage, namely, Stanford’s DOE-EFRC Center on Nanostructuring for Efficient Energy Conversion, the NSF-MRSEC Center for Materials Research, and the Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials. After joining ECS in 1973, Turgut served on various committees and held leadership roles. As Chair of the ECS High Temperature Energy Materials and Processes (H-TEMP) Division, he coorganized more than 20 symposia and co-edited their transaction volumes. An ECS Fellow, Turgut holds appointments as Visiting Professor at the Chinese University of Mining and Technology-Beijing and International Mentor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Previously, he was on the International Society for Solid State Ionics Board for three terms, and Associate Editor of the Journal of the American Ceramic Society for over a decade. Turgut is a recognized leader in high temperature electrochemical energy conversion and storage Turgut M. Gür, technologies, materials, and processes. He holds 11 U.S. patents and has authored more than 160 ECS President, 2022–2023 publications, largely related to fuel cells, electrocatalysis, electrosynthesis, coal and hydrocarbon conversion, hydrogen production, and functional defect oxides. He has been involved in several startups through his entrepreneurship in bringing advanced technologies to the forefront, including RuO2based pseudocapacitors for energy storage; chemically assisted spontaneous production of hydrogen via steam electrolysis; proprietary carbon fuel cells for conversion of coal and carbon to electricity with CO2 capture; and electrochemical remediation technologies for industrial wastewater treatment. A native of Turkey, Turgut grew up in Istanbul on the scenic Bosphorus Strait. He earned his BSc and MSc degrees in Chemical Engineering from the Middle East Technical University, Ankara. He then moved to the U.S. where he completed three graduate degrees at Stanford University, including a PhD in Materials Science and Engineering. On the personal side, Turgut has been married to his college sweetheart and chemistry classmate, Gülay, for over 50 years. They have two adult sons and two grandsons, who are the source of his newfound joy and inspiration. He enjoys traveling with his wife, appreciates art, frequents museums, and enjoys classical music, opera, and ballet. In his spare time, Turgut volunteers as a Board Trustee of the charitable California-based Turkish Educational Foundation. Their mission is to provide educational scholarships to needy female students in Turkey (over 1,400 in 2022). “Looking forward, the real prospect of holding the 241st ECS Meeting in person after a long hiatus is quite exciting,” Turgut said. “Surely, we are all enthusiastic to reconnect and catch up with our ECS colleagues and friends in Vancouver, Canada. I hope to see you there in May!”

Turgut and his wife Gülay in Paris in 2019. Photo: Turgut M. Gür 8

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Photo: Nick Waters

James (Jim) Fenton

James (Jim) Fenton, 3rd Vice President, 2022–2023

James (Jim) Fenton is Director of the University of Central Florida’s FSEC Energy Research Center and Professor of Materials Science and Engineering. He leads more than 60 faculty and staff who research, develop, and evaluate clean energy technologies, and who educate the current and future workforce about technology innovations. FSEC has six major program areas—solar energy, high performance buildings, alternative transportation, advanced energy systems, STEM education and workforce training, and energy policy research. Jim has over 40 years of experience in electrochemical engineering and education topics, including redox flow batteries, PEM fuel cells, solar-to-PEM electrolyzer system analysis, fuel processing, high temperature corrosion, oxidizing agent generation, and metal recycling. He has been an ECS member for 40 years, since he attended his first meeting as graduate student presenter in Detroit in 1982. His service to the Society includes ECS Secretary from 2017 to 2021 and holding all offices of the ECS Boston Section (now the ECS New England Section) and ECS Industrial Electrolysis and Electrochemical Engineering Division. Jim chaired the ECS student poster sessions for four years, and the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Electrolyzer Student Poster Session competition since its inception in 2011. ECS honored him with Fellow of The Electrochemical Society in 2007 and the Energy Technology Division Research Award in 2014 for his work on proton exchange membrane fuel cells. While the Fenton family was on sabbatical in 1998 at the University of California, San Diego— hosted by yet-to-be ECS President Jan Talbot—they attended the 193rd ECS Meeting in San Diego. The family of five attended the ECS Reception by the pool with Jim and his wife, Suzy, carrying their two-year-old twins, Abby and Scott, on their backs. Five-year-old Lexi had to stand tall on her own! Jim couldn’t find a photo of that ECS event, but one included in this article shows the family at the Grand Canyon in March 1998 during that sabbatical. The Fentons are “reverse snowbirds,” summering at their cabin in Vermont to escape the Florida heat. Christmas is also spent in Vermont, always in hopes of a White Christmas. The Fentons’ two daughters are getting married this year—Lexi to Bill Drexler on June 11, and Abby to Grant Gill on September 17. “Bill visited us after Christmas and ‘to break the ice’ he actually did, got out quick, and played hockey later that night, under the lights with snow falling on his face. Not bad for a kid from Florida who had never seen snow,” said Jim.

Lexi and fiancé Bill in Vermont. Photo: James (Jim) Fenton

From left to right: Abby, Jim, Lexi, Suzy, and Scott (under the blue hat!) at the Grand Canyon in March 1998. Photo: James (Jim) Fenton

From left to right: Abby, Grant, Scott, Jim, Lexi, and Suzy on the front porch of their Vermont cottage. Photo: James (Jim) Fenton The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy

Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy, ECS Treasurer, 2022–2026

Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy joined the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Clarkson University in 2017 as Department Chair and Professor. Before that, she held positions as Professor of Chemical Engineering at Northeastern University, and Associate/Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Louisiana State University. Lisa’s research contributions are in the area of electrodeposition and electrochemistry, forwarding research on the understanding of kinetic-transport phenomena inherent to plating, creating more environmentally friendly electrodeposition processes, and in generating novel nanoscale structures of alloys and metal matrix composites for components in micro- and nano-size devices. She has received funding through an NSF CAREER award and single and multi-investigator NSF, NIH, DARPA, DOE, and industry grants. Outcomes of this research are published in over 90 peer-reviewed journals and proceeding papers, including Journal of The Electrochemical Society and Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, as well as 130 scientific conference presentations and three patents. After completing her BS (1986) and MS (1989) in Chemical Engineering at the University of Connecticut (Honor’s Program), Lisa joined IBM. Inspired by colleagues there doing cutting-edge research, she returned to school, earning a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Columbia University in 1992, under the direction of Professor Huk Y. Cheh. She completed a postdoctoral position in the Department of Materials Science at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lisa has served the Society as Chair of the ECS Electrodeposition Division (2015–2017), and has held all of the preceding positions in that division: Member at Large, Treasurer, Secretary, and Vice Chair. Dr. Podlaha has served on ECS committees, including the Membership Committee, and organized, chaired, and co-chaired symposia. In 2019, Lisa co-advised the newly formed ECS Clarkson University Student Chapter. “I like to travel, usually with my husband Mike,” she said. “While on trips, I am fortunate to have my brother Greg cat-sit our pets. He is a deaf individual and we grew up with sign language.”

Orca, the new addition. Photo: Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy

Parkie and Lisa watching TV (he was a stray found in a park). Photo: Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy

YES

Lisa and Greg talking with the photographer, her niece. Photo: Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy

Lisa and Mike sightseeing after the ECS Hawaii meeting in 2016. Photo: Elizabeth (Lisa) J. Podlaha-Murphy

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Superior Accuracy & Precision SOCIETY NEWS

Reference 620 Measure impedances up to TOhm Fast CV, ultra-low current Electrically isolated The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

www.gamry.com 11

We are Family! Journal of The Electrochemical Society JES is the flagship journal of The Electrochemical Society. Published continuously from 1902 to the present, JES remains one of the most highly cited journals in electrochemistry and solid state science and technology.

SUBMIT TODAY!

ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology JSS is a peer-reviewed journal covering fundamental and applied areas of solid state science and technology, including experimental and theoretical aspects of the chemistry and physics of materials and devices.

SUBMIT TODAY!

Visit

www.ecsdl.org

www.electrochem.org/focusissues

Review the amazing research published by ECS

• Calls for upcoming focus issues • Links to published focus issues • Future focus issue proposals

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

ECS Sensors Plus ECS Sensors Plus is a one-stop shop journal for sensors. This multidisciplinary, Gold Open Access journal provides an international platform for publishing high-quality impactful articles and promoting scholarly communication and interactions among scientists, engineers, and technologists whose primary interests focus on materials, structures, properties, performance, and characterization of sensing and detection devices and systems, including sensor arrays and networks. SUBMIT TODAY!

ECS Advances ECS Advances is a multidisciplinary, Gold Open Access forum of peer-reviewed, high–quality content covering all technical areas supported by the Society. ECS Advances publishes full-length original work, brief communicationstyle papers, perspectives, review articles, and special issues. SUBMIT TODAY!

Visit www.electrochem.org/oa Learn more about our Open Access initiatives

• Read and Publish for Free in 2022 for ECS Advances and ECS Sensors Plus • Our New Gold Open Access Journals!

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Free the Science Week 2022 ECS held its sixth annual Free the Science Week April 3–10. The paywall to the entire ECS Digital Library on IOPscience came down, making over 171,000 journal and magazine articles and meeting abstracts accessible to everyone at no cost. The volume of downloads for the week and for the month of April demonstrate the value of making research available to all at no cost.

Total downloads

+34.5%

654,965 Week

Total downloads

from April 2021

for JES, JSS, ECST, and Interface publications in April 2022*

207,927 during Free the Science Week 2022 alone

32% total

All articles published in 2021

downloads for the month of April.*

31% open acces

+113% 2020 month of Free the Science Week downloads

All ECS journal articles published 2014-2021

>38% published open access

From 2020 to 2022, downloads in the month of Free the Science Week have more than doubled *ECS Meeting Abstracts data is pending at the time of publication.

These articles received the highest number of Free the Science Week 2022 downloads: • Research Article: Editors’ Choice—A Fruitful Transition of John B. Goodenough from Oxford to the University of Texas at Austin [DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac59f7]

• Research Article: In Situ Imaging of Electrode Thickness Growth and Electrolyte Depletion in Single-Crystal vs Polycrystalline LiNixMnyCozO2/Graphite Pouch Cells using Multi-Scale Computed Tomography [DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ ac4b83]

• Paper: Different Positive Electrodes for Anode-Free Lithium Metal Cells [DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac62c4]

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS Free the Science Week is part of the Society’s long-term vision to move beyond the old restrictive publishing paradigm of pay to publish, pay to read. “At ECS, we believe that the research published in our journals is hugely important to the future of our planet,” said Christopher Jannuzzi, ECS Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer. “Renewable energy, clean water, food safety, and medical care are just a few of the areas where electrochemistry and solid state science are contributing to positive change. Having research in our journals openly available to anyone who wished to read it, anywhere in the world, would contribute to faster problem-solving and technology

development, accelerate the pace of scientific discovery, encourage innovation, enrich education, and even stimulate the economy. Free the Science Week gives the world a taste of what that would mean.” ECS authors can choose to publish as open access at little or no cost through ECS institutional membership benefits or through affiliation with an ECS Plus member institution. In 2022, the Society added two new Gold Open Access journals, ECS Sensors Plus and ECS Advances, creating new publication pathways for authors publishing in open-access journals.

Read Online Now! ECS Sensors Plus is a one-stop shop journal for sensors. Gold Open Access. Read and publish for free in 2022 LEARN MORE

INTERNATIONAL OPEN ACCESS WEEK

VIS

OCTOBER 24 - 30, 2022

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to the ECS Digital Library on IOPscience The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

ECS Members in the 2021 Class of Highly Cited Researchers

he Electrochemical Society is proud to announce the Society’s distinguished members recognized as 2021 Highly Cited Researchers. The prestigious list, published by the Web of Science Group at Clarivate Analytics, identifies scientists and social scientists who produced multiple papers ranking in the top 1% by citations for their field and year of publication, demonstrating significant research influence among their peers.

The total number of highly cited researchers in 2021 was 6,602, which includes 2,828 for cross-field performance and 3,774 in specific fields. According to Clarivate, Highly Cited Researchers are one in 1,000 of the world’s population of scientists and social scientists.

A small number of researchers exerted substantial influence across multiple fields. Research by the following ECS members is shaping scientific discourse today and into the future.

Three ISI fields—Chemistry, Engineering, and Materials Science

Two ISI Fields— Chemistry and Materials Science

Two ECS members are listed as highly cited researchers in three separate fields. (They are part of a select group: only 23 researchers out of the total of 6,602 were highly cited in three Institute for Scientific Information™ (ISI) fields):

Michael Graetzel, ECS Awarded Life Member

Yury Gogotsi, ECS Fellow

Jun Liu, ECS Fellow

Jun Lu

Arumugam Manthiram, ECS Fellow, ECS Awarded Life Member

Nam-Gyu Park, ECS Awarded Life Member

Rodney S. Ruoff, ECS Awarded Life Member

Yi Cui, ECS Fellow

Two ISI Fields— Engineering and Materials Science

Ji-Guang Zhang

Yang-Kook Sun

Hailiang Wang

Guihua Yu Qiang Zhang (continued on next page)

ECS Student Chapters at Institutions with 27+ Highly Cited Researchers The Society has 13 student chapters at the 50 institutions (universities, government agencies, or other entities) with 27 or more Highly Cited Researchers in 2021.

ECS Student Chapters at the 10 Institutions with the Most Highly Cited Researchers Harvard University Massachusetts Institute of Technology University of California, Berkeley University of California, San Diego University of Oxford

Other Listed Institutions with ECS Student Chapters University of California, Los Angeles University of Pennsylvania University of Cambridge University of Washington University College London University of Toronto Belgium Student Chapter (Ghent U) The University of Texas at Austin The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS Chemistry

Peter G. Bruce, ECS Awarded Life Member

Ib Chorkendorff

Sheng Dai

Cao-Thang Dinh

Hubert A. Gasteiger, ECS Fellow, ECS Awarded Life Member

John B. Goodenough, ECS Fellow, ECS Honorary Member

Photo: Eric de Vries

Joseph T. Hupp, ECS Awarded Life Member

Prashant V. Kamat, ECS Fellow

Photo: University of Notre Dame

Bryan D. McCloskey, ECS Awarded Life Member

Marc T. M. Koper, ECS Awarded Life Member

Hong Li

Zhiqun Lin

Jeffrey R. Long

Jan Rossmeisl

Yang Shao-Horn, ECS Fellow, ECS Awarded Life Member

Peter Strasser, Life Member

Haotian Wang

Jens K. Norskov

Materials Science

Yu Huang

Meilin Liu, ECS Fellow

Nian Liu

Joachim Maier, ECS Fellow

Yuyan Shao

Chunsheng Wang

Gang Wu

Jie Xiao, ECS Fellow

Qingyu Yan

Yuan Yang

CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL! Did we miss someone? Please let us know.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Publications Update Let the Change Begin! While many hibernate during the fall and winter months, the ECS Publications team worked tirelessly evaluating and implementing processes, updating policies, growing its editorial teams, and launching two new gold open-access journals, ECS Sensors Plus and ECS Advances. On January 1, 2022, submissions opened for ECS Advances and ECS Sensors Plus, realizing a vision of the

society leadership and carving out a new path for publication for our electrochemical and solid state science community members. Both journals will further the mission of Free the Science by being fully open access, and we will waive all article-processing charges for their inaugural year. We are excited to have readers begin reading the amazing content that both journals will offer during the second quarter of 2022 and into the future!

Editorial Board Updates The Electrochemical Society Interface Robert Kelly – The Electrochemical Society Board of Directors, at the recommendation of both the Technical Affairs Committee and the Publications Subcommittee, voted on March 24, 2022 to renew the term of Dr. Robert Kelly as Editor-in-Chief of The Electrochemical Society Interface for three years, through May 31, 2025.

Journal of The Electrochemical Society Sannakaisa Virtanen – On December 13, 2021, the ECS Technical Affairs Committee, at the recommendation of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, voted to appoint Dr. Sannakaisa Virtanen of Universitaet Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany as the Technical Editor of the Corrosion Science and Technology topical interest area for the Journal of The Electrochemical Society. Dr. Virtanen will serve the journal for a two-year term, until December 31, 2023. John Harb – During the March 2023 meeting of the ECS Technical Affairs Committee, at the recommendation of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the renewal of the term of Dr. John Harb as the Technical Editor for the Electrochemical Engineering topical interest area for the Journal of The Electrochemical Society. Dr. Harb’s three-year term will end on June 30, 2025. Takayuki Homma – During the March 2022 meeting of the ECS Technical Affairs Committee, at the recommendation of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the renewal of the term of Dr. Takayuki Homma for three years. He will continue serving as the Technical Editor for the Electrochemical/ Electroless Deposition topical interest area for the Journal of The Electrochemical Society. Dr. Homma’s term will end on June 30, 2025.

Ingrid Milosev – During the February meeting of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the appointment of Dr. Ingrid Milosev as an Associate Editor of the Journal of The Electrochemical Society for the Corrosion Science and Technology topical interest area. Dr. Milosev will serve the journal for a three-year term, until March 31, 2025.

ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology Aniruddh Khanna – During the March 2023 meeting of the ECS Technical Affairs Committee, at the recommendation of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the renewal of the term of Dr. Aniruddh Khanna, who will serve for three more years as the Technical Editor of the Electronic Materials and Processing topical interest area for the ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology. Dr. Khanna’s term will end on July 1, 2025. Peter Mascher – At their March 2023 meeting, the ECS Technical Affairs Committee, at the recommendation of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, approved the renewal of the term of Dr. Peter Mascher for two years as the Technical Editor of the Electronic Dielectric Science and Materials topical interest area for the ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology. Dr. Mascher’s term will end on April 30, 2024.

ECS Sensors Plus Michael Adachi – In February 2022, the ECS Publications Subcommittee approved the appointment of Dr. Michael Adachi as an Associate Editor of ECS Sensors Plus. Dr. Adachi will serve the journal for a one-year term, until February 8, 2023.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS Netz Arroyo – During the February meeting of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the appointment of Dr. Netz Arroyo as an Associate Editor of ECS Sensors Plus. Dr. Arroyo will serve the journal for a oneyear term, until February 8, 2023.

Thomas Thundat – During the February meeting of the ECS Publications Subcommittee, the committee approved the appointment of Dr. Thomas Thundat as an Associate Editor of ECS Sensors Plus. Dr. Thundat will serve the journal for a one-year term, until February 8, 2023.

Thank You and Farewell with our Deepest Gratitude Gerald S. Frankel (top left) and Scott Lillard (bottom left) – The Electrochemical Society editorial leadership and publications staff wish to express their gratitude to Dr. Gerald Frankel and Dr. Scott Lillard for their respective ten and six and a half years of service as the Technical Editor and Associate Editor of the Journal of The Electrochemical Society Corrosion Science and Technology topical interest area. The efforts of Dr. Frankel and Dr. Lillard have contributed to the publications of 1000+ articles in the corrosion science and technology topical interest area with one of the most selective and rigorous peer-review standards of the JES topical interest areas. Their service to the society has exemplified the ECS standard of excellence, and we wish them well in their personal and professional futures.

ECS Board of Directors Report The ECS Board of Directors held its March video conference on the 24th of the month. Board members from around the world— Europe, China, Japan, and North America—eschewed time-zone concerns and joined the spirited 90-minute online meeting. ECS President Eric Wachsman called the meeting to order and thanked the Board for their continued leadership, support, and dedication to ECS through the challenging times we have faced together as an organization. ECS Secretary Marca Doeff presented the previous Board meeting minutes and announced the newly elected board members: Incoming President Turgut Gür, Incoming Treasurer Elizabeth (Lisa) Podlaha-Murphy, and Incoming Third Vice President James (Jim) Fenton. Their terms began after the May 2022 meeting. Congratulations to Turgut, Lisa, and Jim! Next, ECS Executive Director Chris Jannuzzi gave a brief update on the state of the Society, highlighting the strong year ECS had in 2021, despite the myriad difficulties ECS and the world faced. In financial terms—pending completion of the external audit—2021 was a very strong year for the Society. Bolstered by dramatically reduced operating costs, substantially increased revenues from publications operations, and the outstanding performance of our investment portfolio, ECS’s net assets increased by over $3M in 2021. Also contributing to the financial success of our operations was our rapid transition to successful digital meetings, which significantly limited our COVID-related losses. Chris then presented a motion to the Board to approve Robert Kelly’s second term as Editor-in-Chief of ECS Interface. Given Rob’s outstanding performance as EIC, it was little surprise that the

Board approved Rob unanimously for this important post. Thank you to Rob for his years of outstanding service to ECS. Here’s wishing him continued success in his second term. Congratulations! Following Chris’s report, President Wachsman reviewed opportunities ECS is exploring to work with other technical associations and industry partners to engage the ECS community in addressing critical workforce training and development needs within the Society’s technical domain, particularly in battery technology. Although plans are still in the development phase, this could prove to be an important new initiative for ECS. More to come on this topic in future Board reports! The penultimate item on the meeting agenda was a discussion and motion to update the ECS Bylaws to ensure better and more equitable divisional representation on ECS committees and in ECS governance. The motion to approve the Bylaws changes passed unanimously by the 22 of 23 Board members present. The revised Bylaws are available on the ECS website. The meeting closed with President Wachsman reviewing the Society’s statement issued in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The Board strongly supported the position the Society has taken. ECS has pledged to work with other technical societies to continue showing our strong support for the Ukrainian people valiantly defending their homeland. At the same time, ECS recognizes that the Russian government is leading the horrific acts being committed in Ukraine, not the Russian people. A motion to close the meeting was made, seconded, and unanimously approved. The Board will reconvene in Vancouver at the 241st ECS Meeting on June 2, 2022.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Photo: Nick Waters

Election Results and New Slate of Officers

Turgut Gür President

James (Jim) Fenton 3rd Vice President

Elizabeth J. PodlahaMurphy Treasurer

Results of the 2022 Election of Officers and Slate of Officers for 2023 The Electrochemical Society has announced the results of the 2022 Society election. The following officers were elected: President Turgut Gür, Stanford University; 3rd Vice President James (Jim) Fenton, University of Central Florida; Treasurer Elizabeth J. Podlaha-Murphy, Clarkson University. The election did not affect the term of Secretary Marca Doeff. At the June 2, 2022 ECS Board of Directors Meeting, members voted to approve the slate of candidates recommended by the ECS Nominating Committee. The candidates for the next ECS Officers election from January through March 2023 are Gerardine Botte, Texas Tech University, for President; and Francis D’Souza, University of North Texas, and Vimal Chaitanya, New Mexico State University, for 3rd Vice President. Full biographies and candidate statements will be published in the Interface winter 2022 issue.

IN THE

NEXT ISSUE

The Guest Editors of the Fall 2022 issue of Interface are Gary M. Koenig and Nian Liu. “Lithium-ion Batteries and Their Impact on Our Lives” will describe examples of technologies which have or will impact our lives that have relied on the advances in battery technology provided by lithium-ion batteries.

Fall 2022 will also include 241th ECS Meeting highlights, a celebration of the Electrodeposition Division Centennial, the 2022 Toyota Young Investigator recipients, Pennington Corner, column favorites like The Chalkboard, Free Radicals, and Looking at Patent Law, and the latest news about people, students, and the Society.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

WEBINAR: DIVERSITY IN PUBLISHING SCIENCE

Jessica MacDonald (She/Her) Partner Publisher, Journals Development Diversity & Inclusion Champion, IOP Publishing

Kim Eggleton (She/Her) Research Integrity & Inclusion Manager, IOP Publishing

Dr. Christina Bock (She/Her) Adrian T. Plummer (She/Her) Senior Research Officer MPA, PMP, Director of at the National Research Publications, ECS Council of Canada (NRC)

WATCH NOW Learn more electrochem.org/webinars

2022

MEDIA GUIDE

Advertising and Sponsorship Opportunities

Make an Impact Partner with ECS so your brand reaches and engages the community that drives results.

Now Online! Contact Anna.Olsen@electrochem.org today! The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

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ECS Division Contacts Battery

High-Temperature Energy, Materials and Processes

Y. Shirley Meng, Chair, University of Chicago

Sean R. Bishop, Chair, Sandia National Laboratories

Brett Lucht, Vice Chair Jie Xiao, Secretary Jagjit Nanda, Treasurer Doron Aurbach, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Cortney Kreller, Sr. Vice Chair Xingbo Liu, Jr. Vice Chair Teruhisa Horita, Secretary/Treasurer Xiao-Dong Zhou, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Corrosion

Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering

James Noël, Chair, University of Western Ontario

Maria Inman, Chair, Faraday Technology, Inc.

Dev Chidambaram, Vice Chair Eiji Tada, Secretary/Treasurer Gerald Frankel, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Paul Kenis, Vice Chair Elizabeth Biddinger, Secretary/Treasurer John Harb, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Dielectric Science and Technology

Luminescence and Display Materials

Uroš Cvelbar, Chair, Jožef Stefan Institute

Rong-Jun Xie, Chair, Xiamen University

Sreeran Vaddiraju, Vice Chair Zhi David Chen, Secretary Thorsten Lill, Treasurer Peter Mascher, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Eugeniusz Zych, Vice Chair Dirk Poelman, Secretary/Treasurer Kailash Mishra, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Electrodeposition

Natasa Vasiljevic, Chair, University of Bristol Luca Magagnin, Vice Chair Andreas Bund, Secretary Antoine Allanore, Treasurer Takayuki Homma, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Electronics and Photonics

Jennifer Hite, Chair, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Qiliang Li, Vice Chair Vidhya Chakrapani, 2nd Vice Chair Zia Karim, Secretary Erica Douglas, Treasurer Fan Ren, Journals Editorial Board Representative Jennifer Bardwell, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Energy Technology

William Mustain, Chair, University of South Carolina Katherine Ayers, Vice Chair Minhua Shao, Secretary Hui Xu, Treasurer Xiao-Dong Zhou, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Nanocarbons

Jeff L. Blackburn, Chair, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Ardemis Boghossian, Vice Chair Yan Li, Secretary Hiroshi Imahori, Treasurer Francis D’Souza, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Organic and Biological Electrochemistry

Sadagopan Krishnan, Chair, Oklahoma State University Song Lin, Vice Chair Jeffrey Halpern, Secretary/Treasurer Janine Mauzeroll, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry

Andrew Hillier, Chair, Iowa State University Stephen Paddison, Vice Chair Anne Co, Secretary Svitlana Pylypenko, Treasurer David Cliffel, Journals Editorial Board Representative

Sensor

Jessica Koehne, Chair, NASA Ames Research Center Larry Nagahara, Vice Chair Praveen Kumar Sekhar, Secretary Dong-Joo Kim, Treasurer Ajit Khosla, Journals Editorial Board Representative

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

New Division Officer Slates New division officers for the fall 2022–fall 2024 term have been nominated for these divisions. Election results are reported in the Interface winter 2022 issue.

Battery

Sensor

Chair Brett L. Lucht, University of Rhode Island

Chair Larry Nagahara, Johns Hopkins University

Vice Chair Jie Xiao, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Vice Chair Praveen Kumar Sekhar, Washington State University

Secretary Jagjit Nanda, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Secretary Dong-Joo Kim, Auburn University

Treasurer Xiaolin Li, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Bin Li, Idaho National Laboratory

Treasurer Leyla Soleymani, McMaster University Pratima Solanki, Jawaharlal Nehru University

Member at Large Veronica Augustyn, North Carolina State University Thomas Barrera, LIB-X Consulting Dominic Bresser, Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie Jason Croy, Argonne National Laboratory Neil Das Gupta, University of Michigan Robert Dominko, National Institute of Chemistry Josh Gallaway, Northeastern University Bing Joe Hwang, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Nobuyuki Imanishi, Mie University Boryann Liaw, Idaho National Laboratory Jun Lu, Argonne National Laboratory Yi-Chun Lu, The Chinese University of Hong Kong John Muldoon, Toyota Research Institute of North America Jennifer Rupp, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dan Steingart, Columbia University Venkataram Thangadurai, University of Calgary Roseanne Warren, University of Utah Kang Xu, U.S. Army Research Laboratory Guihua Yu, University of Texas at Austin Marina Yakovleva, Livent Corporation Won-Sub Yoon, Sungkyunkwan University

Member at Large Sheikh Ali Akbar, Ohio State University Shekhar Bhansali, Florida International University Michael T. Carter, KWJ Engineering Inc. Pengyu Chen, Auburn University Bryan Chin, Auburn University Seyedehaida (Aida) Ebrahimi, Pennsylvania State University Jay Grate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Peter Hesketh, Georgia Institute of Technology Robert A. Hillman, University of Leicester Gary Hunter, NASA John H. Glenn Research Center Takeo Hyodo, Nagasaki University Sangmin Jeon, Pohang University of Science and Technology Mira Josowicz, Georgia Institute of Technology Jing Li, NASA Ames Research Center Chung-Chiun Liu, Case Western Reserve University Vadim Lvovich, NASA John H. Glenn Research Center Sushanta Mitra, University of Waterloo Milad Navaei, Georgia Institute of Technology Ramaraja Ramasamy, University of Georgia Antonio Ricco, Stanford University Michael Sailor, University of California, San Diego Yasuhiro Shimizu, Nagasaki University Aleksandr Simonian, National Science Foundation Pratima Solanki, Jawaharlal Nehru University John Stetter, KWJ Engineering Inc. Thomas Thundat, University at Buffalo Raluca van Staden, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry Petr Vanýsek, Northern Illinois University Nianqiang Nick Wu, University of Massachusetts Amherst Tomoyuki Yasukawa, University of Hyogo

Corrosion Chair Dev Chidambaram, University of Nevada, Reno Vice Chair Eiji Tada, Tokyo Institute of Technology Secretary/Treasurer Rebecca Schaller, Sandia National Laboratories Member at Large Rajeev Gupta, North Carolina State University Michael Rohwerder, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Eric Schindelholtz, Ohio State University Yaiza Gonzalez Garcia, Technische Universiteit Delft Brendy Rincon Troconis, University of Texas at San Antonio Hiroaki Tsuchiya, Osaka University

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

2022–2023 ECS Committees Executive Committee of the Board of Directors

Turgut Gür, Chair................................................................................................President, Spring 2023 Gerardine Botte...............................................................................Senior Vice President, Spring 2023 Colm O’Dwyer............................................................................... Second Vice President, Spring 2023 James Fenton....................................................................................Third Vice President, Spring 2023 Marca Doeff.......................................................................................................Secretary, Spring 2024 Elizabeth Podlaha-Murphy.................................................................................Treasurer, Spring 2026 Christopher Jannuzzi............................................................................. Executive Director, Term as ED

Audit Committee

Eric Wachsman, Chair...............................................................Immediate Past President, Spring 2023 Turgut Gür..........................................................................................................President, Spring 2023 Gerardine Botte...............................................................................Senior Vice President, Spring 2023 Elizabeth Podlaha-Murphy ................................................................................ Treasurer, Spring 2026 Robert Micek..................................................................Nonprofit Financial Professional, Spring 2025

Education Committee

Alice Suroviec, Chair......................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Svitlana Pylypenko............................................................................................................. Spring 2024 Paul Gannon...................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Stephen Maldonado........................................................................................................... Spring 2025 David Hall.......................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Wen Shen........................................................................................................................... Spring 2026 Samantha Gatemen............................................................................................................ Spring 2026 Walter Van Schalkwijk........................................................................................................ Spring 2023 Tobias Glossman................................................................................................................ Spring 2023 Mohammad Sabeti............................................................................................................. Spring 2023 Liam Witteman................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Marca Doeff.......................................................................................................Secretary, Spring 2024 Neal Golovin....................................................Chair, Individual Membership Committee, Spring 2023

Ethical Standards Committee

Eric Wachsman, Chair ..............................................................Immediate Past President, Spring 2023 Johna Leddy.................................................................................................. Past Officer, Spring 2023 Esther Takeuchi ............................................................................................. Past Officer, Spring 2024 Marca Doeff.......................................................................................................Secretary, Spring 2024 Elizabeth Podlaha-Murphy................................................................................. Treasurer, Spring 2026

Finance Committee

Elizabeth Podlaha-Murphy, Chair ......................................................................Treasurer, Spring 2026 E. J. Taylor......................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Bruce Weisman.................................................................................................................. Spring 2023 Dong-Joo Kim................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Robert Micek..................................................................Nonprofit Financial Professional, Spring 2025 Marca Doeff.......................................................................................................Secretary, Spring 2024 Tim Gamberzky............................................................................Chief Operating Officer, Term as COO

Honors and Awards Committee

Shelley Minteer, Chair ....................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Vimal Chaitanya................................................................................................................. Spring 2024 Mikhail Brik....................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Diane Smith....................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Alanah Fitch....................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Shigeo Maruyama.............................................................................................................. Spring 2025 Jean St-Pierre.................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Andrew Hoff....................................................................................................................... Spring 2026 Dev Chidambaram............................................................................................................. Spring 2026 Y. Shirley Meng.................................................................................................................. Spring 2026 Nianqiang Wu.................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 John Flake......................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Fernando Garzon................................................................................................................ Spring 2023 Turgut Gür..........................................................................................................President, Spring 2023

Individual Membership Committee

Neal Golovin, Chair ........................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Alice Suroviec.................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Uroš Cvelbar...................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 John Staser........................................................................................................................ Spring 2024 Y. Shirley Meng.................................................................................................................. Spring 2024 Shruthi T. Kumar Raj.......................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Qizhi Liu............................................................................................................................ Spring 2025 Jiaxin Duan........................................................................................................................ Spring 2025 Ashwin Ramanujam........................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Alex Peroff.................................................... Chair, Institutional Engagement Committee, Spring 2025 Marca Doeff.......................................................................................................Secretary, Spring 2024

Institutional Engagement Committee

Alex Peroff, Chair............................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Hemanth Jagannathan........................................................................................................ Spring 2023 Thomas Barrera.................................................................................................................. Spring 2023 David Carey....................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Yuyan Shao........................................................................................................................ Spring 2024 Christopher Beasley........................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Karen Poe.......................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Yoko Yamakoshi................................................................................................................. Spring 2025 Santosh Vijapur................................................................................................................. Spring 2025 Yaw Obeng......................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Neal Golovin....................................................Chair, Individual Membership Committee, Spring 2023 Elizabeth Podlaha-Murphy.................................................................................Treasurer, Spring 2026 24

Nominating Committee

Eric Wachsman, Chair...............................................................Immediate Past President, Spring 2023 Vimal Chaitanya................................................................................................................. Spring 2023 Jie Xiao.............................................................................................................................. Spring 2023 Andy Herring...................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 James Fenton....................................................................................Third Vice President, Spring 2023

Technical Affairs Committee

Gerardine Botte, Chair.....................................................................Senior Vice President, Spring 2023 Turgut Gür..........................................................................................................President, Spring 2023 Eric Wachsman.........................................................................Immediate Past President, Spring 2023 Stefan De Gendt...........................................................Second Immediate Past President, Spring 2023 James Fenton................................................................... Chair, Meetings Subcommittee, Spring 2023 Colm O’Dwyer............................................................. Chair, Publications Subcommittee, Spring 2023 Jennifer Hite............................................................................ Chair, ISTS Subcommittee, Spring 2023 Christopher Jannuzzi.............................................................................Executive Director, Term as ED

Publications Subcommittee of the Technical Affairs Committee

Colm O’Dwyer, Chair..................................................................... Second Vice President, Spring 2023 James Fenton, Vice Chair.................................................................Third Vice President, Spring 2023 Krishnan Rajeshwar..........................................................................................JSS Editor, 12/31/2024 Robert Savinell................................................................................................. JES Editor, Spring 2024 Ajit Khosla..................................................................................... ECS Sensors Plus Editor, Fall 2024 Robert Kelly..............................................................................................Interface Editor, Spring 2025 Pawel Kulesza.................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Ahmet Kusoglu.................................................................................................................. Spring 2024 Venkataraman Thangadurai................................................................................................ Spring 2023

Meetings Subcommittee of the Technical Affairs Committee

James Fenton, Chair.........................................................................Third Vice President, Spring 2023 Colm O’Dwyer, Vice Chair............................................................. Second Vice President, Spring 2023 Jianlin Li............................................................................................................................ Spring 2023 Francis D‘Souza ................................................................................................................ Spring 2024 Peter Mascher.................................................................................................................... Spring 2025

Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Subcommittee of the Technical Affairs Committee

Jennifer Hite, Chair............................................................................................................ Spring 2025 Alice Suroviec ................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Uroš Cvelbar...................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Qiliang Li........................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Scott Calabrese Barton....................................................................................................... Spring 2023 Alok Srivastava.................................................................................................................. Spring 2024 Diane Smith....................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Rangachary Mukundan...................................................................................................... Spring 2024 James Fenton..................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Christopher Johnson......................................................................................................... Spring 2025 James Noël........................................................................................................................ Spring 2025 Greg Jackson..................................................................................................................... Spring 2025 Jeff L. Blackburn................................................................................................................ Spring 2025 Luca Magagnin.................................................................................................................. Spring 2025

Symposium Planning Advisory Board of the Technical Affairs Committee

James Fenton, Chair.........................................................................Third Vice President, Spring 2023 Y. Shirley Meng ................................................................................. Chair, Battery Division, Fall 2022 James Noël................................................................................... Chair, Corrosion Division, Fall 2022 Jessica Koehne .................................................................................Chair, Sensor Division, Fall 2022 Jennifer Hite.................................................... Chair, Electronics and Photonics Division, Spring 2023 William Mustain..........................................................Chair, Energy Technology Division, Spring 2023 Sadagopan Krishnan ................ Chair, Organic and Biological Electrochemistry Division, Spring 2023 Andrew Hillier ..........................Chair, Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry Division, Spring 2023 Natasa Vasiljevic................................................................Chair, Electrodeposition Division, Fall 2023 Sean Bishop.......................................................Chair, High Temperature Materials Division, Fall 2023 Rong-Jun Xie...................................... Chair, Luminescence and Display Materials Division, Fall 2023 Uroš Cvelbar...................................... Chair, Dielectric Science and Technology Division, Spring 2024 Jeff Blackburn..................................................................... Chair, Nanocarbons Division, Spring 2024 Maria Inman Chair, Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering Division, .......................................................................................................................................... Spring 2024 Jennifer Hite................... Chair, Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Subcommittee, Spring 2025

Other Representatives

Society Historian Roque Calvo................................................................................................................... Spring 2023 American Association for the Advancement of Science Christopher Jannuzzi...........................................................................Executive Director, Term as ED Science History Institute Ekaterina Pomersantseva................................................................Heritage Councilor, Spring 2023 National Inventors Hall of Fame Shelley Minteer.................................................... Chair, Honors & Awards Committee, Spring 2023

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

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The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

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New Institutional Members Creating Powerful Partnerships The Society welcomes its newest institutional members. The organizations listed below are distinguished additions to the community of ECS Institutional Members.

Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah The mission of the Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry is to make synthetic organic electrochemistry mainstream through the invention of enabling, green, safe, and economic new reactions; demystifying fundamental electrochemical reactivity; vibrant partnerships with industry; educating a diverse set of scientists and engineers; and engaging in community-wide education and outreach. To learn more, visit cci.Utah at https://cci.utah.edu/.

Plug Power, Inc. Plug Power is building the hydrogen economy through electrochemistry, providing comprehensive green hydrogen and fuel cell turnkey solutions. Plug is leveraging its know-how, modular product architecture, and foundational customers to rapidly expand into key markets, including zero-emission material handling fleets, on-road vehicles, aerospace, and data centers. To learn more, visit Plug Power’s website at https://www.plugpower.com/.

Sherwin-Williams Founded in 1866, The Sherwin-Williams Company (headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio) is a global leader in paints, coatings, and related products. Customers are supported and supplied with well-known brands sold exclusively via >4,900 Sherwin-Williams stores or by brands sold through home and hardware centers, automotive retailers, and industrial distributors. To learn more, visit the Sherwin-Williams website at www.sherwin-williams.com/.

Underwriters Laboratories Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the UL public safety mission through the discovery and application of scientific knowledge. We conduct rigorous independent research and analyze safety data; convene experts worldwide to address risks; share knowledge through safety education and public outreach initiatives; and develop standards to guide the safe commercialization of evolving technologies. We foster communities of safety, from grassroots initiatives for neighborhoods to summits of world leaders. Our organization employs collaborative and scientific approaches with partners and stakeholders to drive innovation and progress toward improving safety, security, and sustainability, ultimately enhancing societal well-being. To learn more, visit UL’s website at https://ul.org/.

United Mineral & Chemical Corporation United Mineral & Chemical (UMC) Corporation is a leading supplier of high purity source materials to the semiconductor and complementary technologies industry for more than 35 years. Pred Materials International (PMI), now part of the UMC family, continues their exceptional service supplying state-of-the-art product innovations to evolving high tech industries. To learn more, visit UMCC’s website at https://umccorp.com/.

Welcome back to ECS Institutional Membership Metrohm USA, Inc. Metrohm is committed to supporting electrochemical research and development efforts around the world. Our highperformance potentiostats, customizable screen-printed electrodes, and advanced accessories cover an array of applications to support your research. Metrohm’s history of technological innovation spans over 75 years and includes the introduction of the first computercontrolled potentiostat/galvanostat. To learn more, visit Metrohm’s website at http://www.metrohmusa.com/.

ECS Institutional Membership Program Contact Anna Olsen, Senior Manager, Corporate Programs, to learn more about the ECS Institutional Membership Program. 26

LEARN MORE

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Leadership Circle Awards 2022 Leadership Circle Awards Since the fall of 2002, ECS has recognized long-term Society supporters through Leadership Circle Awards. These awards are a way to thank our partners in electrochemistry and solid state science. ECS Institutional Members receive the awards in the year that they reach a milestone level.* The Society congratulates and thanks our institutional members attaining milestone levels in 2022. We appreciate their continuing support and commitment to the ECS mission. These companies have been tremendous partners over the years.

MEDALLION – 65 YEARS Duracell Duracell is the world’s leading manufacturer and marketer of high-performance alkaline batteries, lithium coins, rechargeable batteries, and other specialty cells. Duracell powers many devices across the globe, such as game console controllers, baby monitors, flashlights, smoke detectors, and toys such as the Monster Jam RC trucks. As the leader in the personal power category, Duracell has a rich history of innovation, continuously introducing batteries that are more powerful and longer lasting than competitor brands—holding our title as the #1 trusted battery brand since 2018. Duracell is committed to powering communities and organizations, ensuring child safety, keeping devices running when they’re needed most, and improving the environmental footprint of our batteries.

GOLD LEVEL – 25 YEARS

BRONZE LEVEL – 5 YEARS Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation which produces computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services. At Microsoft, we are dedicated to advancing human and organization achievement. Our mission is to empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more. Contact Anna Olsen, Senior Manager, Corporate Programs, to learn more about the Institutional Membership Program.

Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. Since our company’s founding in 1944 as a comprehensive reagent manufacturer, we have worked to create products that meet the needs of our customers, and have actively contributed to society by supplying high-quality reagents. Currently, we supply more than 60,000 types of chemical and biochemical products.

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The Cica logo, created in 1949, represents a high level of product quality assurance and a corporate philosophy for contributing to the industries we serve. The letters C (Chemical), I (Industrial Products), C (Collect), and A (Associate), are printed inside a benzene ring—a symbol of chemistry. C=Chemicals, I=Industrial, Products, C=Collect, A=Associate

*Institutional Membership Milestone Levels: Legacy ....................................70+ years Medallion.................................. 65 years Diamond ................................... 50 years Gold .......................................... 25 years Silver ....................................... 10 years Bronze ......................................... 5 years

2021

VISIT

www.electrochem.org/finances The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Staff News First Anniversary

New ECS Staff

Adrian Plummer celebrated her first-year anniversary with ECS on March 22, 2022. Adrian joined the ECS team as Director of Publications early last year, assuming responsibility for the Society’s entire suite of academic publications, from our flagship Journal of The Electrochemical Society, which has been published continuously since 1902, to conference proceedings and meeting abstracts, to the ECS magazine, Interface. In addition to maintaining the rigorous scientific standards of these existing publications, in her first year, Adrian was responsible for implementing ECS’s commitment to open-access publishing with the introduction of two new, completely open-access journals, ECS Advances and ECS Sensors Plus. From her first day, Adrian has actively engaged with the Society’s management team and volunteers to advance ECS’s mission, including helping to create ECS’s first positioning statement and coleading an ECS webinar series on diversity, equity, and inclusion in scientific publishing, a partnership effort by ECS and the IOP DEI Committee. “I am especially grateful to the Publications Staff, Editorial teams, and Supporting Committees for their engagement and support in 2021 and so far in 2022!” said Adrian. “I am looking forward to the continued growth and success of the Publication portfolio for ECS!” “Adrian has had immediate and sustained impact on our publications operations,” said Chris Jannuzzi, ECS Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer. “From revitalizing our languishing books program; to overhauling how we vet, select, and review editorial board members; to launching two new journals; it is hard to believe she has only been with us for one year. Not only that, but considering she joined ECS in some of the darkest days of the pandemic, her positive outlook, fresh perspective, and boundless energy helped inspire me and the rest of the team when we desperately needed a lift. My sincerest thanks and congratulations to Adrian on an amazing first year… and here’s hoping for many more to come!”

Sandra Lolic joined ECS in March 2022 as a Programs Specialist. In this role, Sandra will focus on engaging with the ECS community through supporting and developing ECS’s educational programming, overseeing the ECS Career Center, and liaising with and serving the Sections and Student Chapters. Sandra holds a B.A. in English and Anthropology and an M.A. in Museum Studies. She comes to ECS with five (plus) years of experience in museum and archival collections management, community engagement, and outreach. She is charged up and excited to get to know the ECS community! Shannon Reed, ECS Director of Engagement, said, “Sandra brings a great deal of excitement to the team. Her experience working in archives and the research community are significant assets to working with the ECS community. I look forward to the progress that she helps champion with ECS grassroots engagement programs.” JaneAnn Wormann joined the ECS meetings team in March of 2022 as the Meetings Program Specialist. She has a degree in communication and a background in planning events for trade associations in the cruise industry, as well as in the health and beauty industry. JaneAnn enjoys building events from the ground up and helping a plan come together, which makes ECS meetings a great fit! When she’s not scheduling symposia or collecting abstracts, JaneAnn enjoys drawing, reading, and hanging out with her family—preferably at the beach. “We are very excited to have JaneAnn join the ECS Meetings team,” said John Lewis, ECS Director of Meetings. “With a diverse range of experience in events, executive administration, and education, she is well suited to take on the challenges of scheduling our biannual meetings. It is a pleasure to welcome her to the ECS family, and I wish her great success in this new role.”

UPCOMING 2022 ECS SPONSORED MEETINGS In addition to ECS biannual meetings and ECS satellite conferences, the Society and its divisions and sections sponsor meetings and symposia of interest to the Society’s technical audiences. The following is a partial list of 2022 ECS-sponsored meetings. A complete list of ECS-sponsored meetings is available online.

StorageX International Symposium Series Ongoing Fridays in 2022 – Virtual Lectures Stanford University, Stanford, CA Aqueous Corrosion Gordon Research Conference July 10 –15, 2022; New London, NH 2022 Workshop on Electrochemical Measurements August 15–19, 2022; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Contact ecs@electrochem.org to learn in what ways an ECS sponsorship benefits your meeting, how to request an ECS sponsorship for your technical event, and information on publishing proceedings volumes for sponsored meetings.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY NEWS

Websites/Podcasts of Note Suggested for you by Alice Suroviec.

Inspiration Dissemination

Unprofessional Engineering

Inspiration Dissemination is a weekly podcast from Oregon State University that interviews different graduate students to talk about their lives and their passion for research. This program has been running weekly since 2012 as a way to learn about what inspires graduate students and how they convert their passion into publications.

This weekly podcast breaks down different topics in engineering with an historical context that is easy for all knowledge levels to understand. From topics such as Daylight Savings Time to joint replacement surgery, James Herzing and Luke Mihelcic discuss a wide variety of topics for everyone to enjoy.

https://feeds.transistor.fm/inspiration-dissemination

https://www.unprofessionalengineering.com/

99% Invisible

The Engineering Commons

Design is everywhere, but mostly where we don’t notice it. Roman Mars leads a discussion every week on topics ranging from electrical grids to robotic limbs. In the weekly podcast the series dives into the history of the topic and interviews experts in the area. These podcasts are aimed at a general audience, but have enough depth for everyone to appreciate.

The Engineering Commons explores common topics of interest to all engineers. The hosts have expertise in mechanical, electrical, civil, and applications engineering. With topics that range from estimation to technical writing, this podcast is really for those with some background in engineering or those who are thinking about moving into the industrial aspects of engineering.

https://99percentinvisible.org/

https://theengineeringcommons.com/ © The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/2.F02222IF

About the Author

Alice Suroviec is Professor of Bioanalytical Chemistry and Dean of the College of Mathematical and Natural Sciences at Berry College. She earned a BS in Chemistry from Allegheny College in 2000. She received her PhD from Virginia Tech in 2005 under the direction of Dr. Mark R. Anderson. Her research focuses on enzymatically modified electrodes for use as biosensors. She is currently Associate Editor of the PAE Technical Division for the Journal of The Electrochemical Society. She is always looking for new app/podcast/website suggestions, so feel free to email her. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-2468

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SOCIETY PEOPLE NEWS

In Memoriam ... Solomon Zaromb

Expanding The Electrochemical Society’s publishing program

1928–2021

Dr. Solomon Zaromb (1928–2021, Chemist), died peacefully on September 1, 2021. He was a member of the Electrochemical Society for almost 60 years, having joined the Society in 1962, and a member of the American Chemical Society since 1951. He became an ECS emeritus member in 2017. Solomon was born in 1928 in Łódź, Poland and, as a young man, escaped the unspeakable hardships of World War II, emigrating to the U.S. to join his uncle in New York City. There, he completed a BChE at Cooper Union and PhD in chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute of New York before going on to complete a postdoc at MIT. His extraordinary aptitude for learning and brilliant mind allowed him to make important contributions to our field over many years, with more than 50 patents and 100 publications, many in ECS and ACS journals. His work involved helping and promoting the wellbeing of people and our planet.ECS He worked on detection Sensors Plus of toxic gasses, particles, and viruses. He was on the team that invented

the first electronic nose instrument when he was at Argonne National Lab in the early 1980s, for which he was awarded an IR-100 award as well as the FLC 1987 special award for technology transfer. Solomon had many talents, including teaching himself to be a registered patent agent so he could file his own patents! A consummate intellectual, he contributed to conferences in astrophysics along with practical chemistry advances for sensors, electrochemical power sources, CO2 sequestration, virus detection, and other environmental issues. He was a humble, unassuming, and gentle person with a warm smile and was a delightful collaborator for me over the years. He leaves behind his wife, Esther, children, Franklin and Earl, and seven grandchildren. He will be missed by family and by our community of science.

The Electrochemical Society (ECS) provides the research community with a diverse suite of interconnected journals sharing impactful research across the world and contributing to major advancements.

This notice was submitted by Joseph Stetter, ECS Emeritus Member

(Joined ECS Sensors Plus is the home for1987). all content related to sensors technology. As a gold open access journal, the journal publishes high quality and impactful articles that advance the fundamental science and understanding of sensors and detection technologies for efficient monitoring and control of industrial processes and the environment.

Editor-in-Chief Ajit Khosla, Yamagata University Associate Editors Ronan Daly, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Pratima Solanki, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India Haifeng (Frank) Ji, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA Harshini Mukundan, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA Praveen Sekhar, Washington State University, USA Zhenhuan Zhao, Xidian University, China Trisha Andrew, University of Massachusetts, USA

•

• Jun Ogawa, Yamagata University,

•

• •

Japan Xuefeng Liang, School of AI, Xidian University, China Sheng-Joue Young, National United University, Taiwan Michael Adachi, Simon Fraser University, Canada Netz Arroyo, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA Thomas Thundat , University at Buffalo, USA Zhiyu Hu, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

ECS Sensors Plus is now open for submissions. Find out more at electrochem.org 30

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Looking at Patent Law:

Patenting an Electrochemically Mediated Oxidation Reaction on Electrode Arrays—A Case Study by E. Jennings Taylor and Maria Inman

In this installment of the ‟Looking at Patent Lawˮ articles, we present a case study of a patented invention for a method for conducting electrochemically mediated reactions on electrode arrays for “massively parallel” electrochemical synthesis. Notably, Prof. Kevin Moeller, a co-inventor on the subject patent, is a member-at-large of the Organic and Biological Electrochemistry (OBE) division of The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Recall from our previous article,1 the prosecution history (i.e., examination record) of a patent application is publicly available in the file wrapper of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system.2 With the USPTO PAIR system as the primary source of information for this case study, we illustrate the prosecution “events” encountered during the examination of U.S. Patent No. 7,507,837; “Process for Performing an Isolated Pd(II)-Mediated Oxidation Reaction”.3 The ‘837 patent issued on March 24, 2009 with co-inventors Kevin Moeller, Eden Tesfu, and Karl Maurer. The assignee of the patent at the time of issue was CombiMatrix Corporation of Mukilteo, Washington. As stated in the ‘837 patent, the invention addresses the need “…to perform rapid and diverse synthesis of chemical libraries on an electrode array device for large scale screening of combinatorial libraries.” The ‘837 patent abstract generally describes the invention as follows: “There is disclosed a process for performing an isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation reaction electrochemically. The inventive process is performed on an electrode array device having a plurality of separately addressable electrodes. Preferably, the Pd(II) mediated oxidation is a Wacker reaction. Specifically, there is disclosed a process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation on a plurality of electrodes, comprising providing an electrode array device having a plurality of electrodes with a conductive electrode surface and a matrix or coating material over the electrode surfaces; providing a solution bathing the electrode array matrix or coating material and electrode surfaces, wherein the solution comprises a transition metal species and

a confining agent; and biasing one or a plurality of electrodes (“selected electrode or electrodes”) with a voltage or current to regenerate the transition metal species required for the isolated Pd(II) mediated oxidation, whereby the confining agent limits diffusion of the transition metal species to a volume surrounding each selected electrode surface.”

Patent Applications This article summarizes the prosecution history of Patent Application No. 11/295,847 (filed on December 7, 2005) leading to U.S. Patent No. 7,507,837. In Table I, we list the patent applications related to the subject patent application. In Table II, we present the inventors associated with the subject invention as well as the related patent applications. The subject invention has common inventors with the related patent applications and is a continuing patent application. A continuing or child patent application may be one of three types. The basic attributes of the continuing patent applications are summarized in Table III. A continuation patent application adds new claims enabled by the parent patent application. Specifically, no new matter is introduced to the patent application and the new claims receive the benefit of the parent patent application filing date. A divisional application is in response to a USPTO-issued restriction requirement indicating that the patent application contains two or more inventions.4 The applicant elects which invention (claims) to prosecute first and the remaining inventions (claims) are prosecuted in one or more divisional patent applications. The divisional patent applications receive the benefit of the filing date of the original patent application.5 A continuationin-part (C-I-P) application introduces new subject matter to enable additional claims not supported by the parent patent application. These new claims do not receive the benefit of the parent application’s filing date.6

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(continued on next page) 31

Taylor and Inman

(continued from previous page)

Table I. Patent applications associated with the electrochemically mediated oxidation on electrode arrays invention. APPL. TYPE

APPL. No.

PAT. No.

TITLE

FILING DATE

STATUS

U.S. Utility

11/063,402

N/A

Process for Performing an Isolated Pd(II)-Mediated Oxidation Reaction

Feb. 22, 2005

Abandoned

U.S. Utility

11/326,717

N/A

Process for Performing an Isolated Pd(0) Catalyzed Reaction Electrochemically on an Electrode Array Device

Jan. 7, 2006

Abandoned

U.S. Utility

11/777,972

N/A

Process for Transition Metal-Catalyzed Electrochemical Allyic Alkylation on an Electrode Array Device

Jul. 13, 2007

Abandoned

Table II. Inventors on Patent 7,507,837 and related patent applications. Pat. No. 7,507,837

Pat. Appl. No. 11/063,402

Pat. Appl. No. 11/326,717

Pat. Appl. No. 11/777,972

Kevin Moeller Eden Tesfu Karl Maurer

Eden Tesfu Karl Maurer Kevin Moeller

Jun Tian Karl Moeller Eden Tesfu

Jun Tian Kevin Moeller Sarah Wood Karl Maurer

The subject invention (patent application) is a continuation-inpart (C-I-P) of patent application 11/063,402. A C-I-P has to be filed during the pendency of the parent patent application and must have at least one common inventor. A continuation-in-part (C-I-P) application introduces new subject matter to enable additions to the claims not supported by the parent patent application.

Description of the Invention In the “Background of the Invention,” the inventors provide literature references demonstrating the need for electronically addressable chip-based molecular libraries.7,8,9,10 The inventors disclose that scientists at CombiMatrix Corp. have been using individually addressable microelectrode arrays to synthesize oligonucleotide and peptide molecules.11 The inventors further note that Pd(II) mediated oxidations are powerful synthetic tools for the selective functional organic molecules. The inventors conclude that there remains a need for a combinatorial chemical synthesis device that can perform Pd(II) mediated oxidations on an electrode array. To demonstrate the invention, the inventors illustrated the conversion of an alkene to a ketone, more commonly known as a Wacker oxidation. Specifically, the Wacker oxidation generally refers to the12 “…transformation of a terminal or 1,2-disubstituted alkene to a ketone through the action of catalytic palladium(II), water, and a co-oxidant. Variants of the reaction yield aldehydes, allylic/vinylic ethers, and allylic/ vinylic amines. Because of the ease with which terminal alkenes may be prepared and the versatility of the methyl ketone group installed by the reaction, the Wacker oxidation has been employed extensively in organic synthesis.” In Example I of the patent application, the inventors described an experiment demonstrating the effectiveness of their inventive

process. The example used an electrode array with ~1 cm2 area consisting of 1024 individually addressable platinum microelectrodes. The electrode array was coated with a porous hydroxylated polymer membrane and treated with an N-hydroxysuccinic ester of 10-undecenoic acid as illustrated in the ‘837 patent (Fig. 1). A Wacker reaction was conducted by reversing the polarity to use selected electrodes as anodes as illustrated in the ‘837 patent (Fig. 2).

Establishing and Maintaining a Filing Date In order to establish a filing date, a utility patent application must include 1) Specification13 “…a written description of the invention, and the manner and process for making it…to enable any person skilled in the art…to make and use [the invention] …” 2) A minimum of one claim14 “…particularly pointing out…the subject matter… as the invention…” 3) Drawings15 “…where necessary for understanding the subject matter…to be patented…” In order to maintain the filing date, the following additional criteria are required 1) Filing fee in accordance with the current USPTO fee schedule16 2) Inventor oath or declaration asserting17 a. The patent application was authorized by the inventor(s), b. The inventor(s) believe he/she is the original inventor or they are the original joint inventors. The patent application was filed on December 7, 2005. The patent application included 1) specification, 2) claims, 3) drawings, 4) inventor oath/declaration, and 5) the filing fee.

Table III. Types of continuing patent applications. TYPE

COMMON INVENTOR

NEW SUBJECT MATTER

PARENT PRIORITY DATE

CLAIM ENABLED BY PARENT

INITIATED BY

Continuation

At least one

Yes

Applicant

Continuation in Part

At least one

Yes

No: Priority date of new subject matter

Applicant

Divisional

Yes: Claim specific

Yes

USPTO: Restriction requirement

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

The specification included a description of the prior art, problems within the prior art, a summary of the invention describing various embodiments of the invention addressing the prior art problems, and a detailed description of the isolated Pd(II) mediated electrochemical oxidation invention. The patent application also included drawings illustrating the “elements” and various embodiments of the subject invention. The utility patent application contained claims directed toward a method for an isolated Pd(II) mediated electrochemical reaction.18 The patent application included an oath/declaration signed by each of the inventors.19 The oath/declaration included an assertion by the inventors stating,

“…will be published promptly after the expiration of a period of eighteen months from the earliest filing date for which a benefit…” Since the patent application was a C-I-P of patent application 11/063,402, the eighteen months was based on the filing date of February 22, 2005.

Inventor Assignment, Small Entity Status, and Power of Attorney

“…we declare that we are the original, first and joint inventors of the subject matter which is claimed in the patent application…and understand the contents of said specification, including the claims.”

Inventor Maurer was employed by CombiMatrix Corp. and inventors Moeller and Tesfu were employed by Washington University in St. Louis. Consequently, the patent application was jointly assigned to their respective employers, CombiMatrix Corp. and Washington University.24 As joint owners, each of the owners can25

The oath/declaration also included an acknowledgement that each inventor was aware of the penalties for a false statement,20

“…make, use, offer to sale, or sale the patented invention… without the consent of or accounting to the other owners…”

“I further declare that all statements made herein of my own knowledge are true and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true; and further that these statements are made with the knowledge that willful false statements and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and that such willful false statements may jeopardize the validity of the application or any patent issuing thereon.”

The patent application included a statement asserting “small entity” status as the assignees were either a small business or a nonprofit university.26 The small entity status entitled the applicants to reduced filing, issue, and maintenance fees. In addition, the applicants appointed Jeffrey B. Oster as power of attorney

Importantly, the named inventors must be correctly represented on a U.S. patent application.21 Specifically, inclusion of a colleague as a co-inventor who did not participate in the conception of the invention is known as a misjoinder and may invalidate an otherwise valid patent. Similarly, exclusion of a co-inventor who participated in the conception is known as a nonjoinder and may invalidate an otherwise valid patent. If an inventor is erroneously omitted or erroneously included as an inventor, the misjoinder/nonjoinder may be corrected and the patent remains valid.22 The filing of the patent application met the requirements to both establish and maintain a filing date and thereby avoid being abandoned. The patent application was published on September 14, 2006 as patent applications23

Fig 2.

“…to prosecute the application identified above and to transact all business in the United States Patent and Trademark office connected therewith…” Jeffrey Oster was employed by CombiMatrix as a registered patent attorney (Registration No. 32,585).27 With the power of attorney in place, correspondence with the USPTO must generally be signed by a patent practitioner (patent attorney or patent agent) of record.28 Recall the patent application was a C-I-P of patent application 11/063,402. Consequently, the applicants modified their claims based on the ongoing examination of the 11/063,402 patent application. The modified Claim 1 in the C-I-P patent application is compared to the original claim from the 11/063,402 patent application with the inserted text [in brackets] and the deleted text indicated with a “strike-through.”

Claim 1. A process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes [synthesizing site-selective coumarins at known locations of an electrode array device], comprising: (a) providing an electrode array device having a plurality of Illustration ofmetallic the Wacker Reaction aPerformed inregion Example or conductive[with coating of the above I from Figur thewith ‘837 Patent. surface, and having the] electrodes each a conductive (continued on next page)

Fig 1. Illustration of the experimental procedure conducted in Example I from Figure 3 of the ‘837 patent.

Fig 2. Illustration of the Wacker reaction performed in Example I from Figure 2 of the ‘837 patent.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Taylor and Inman

(continued from previous page)

a matrix or coating material over the electrodes surfaces; (b) providing a solution bathing the electrode array device, wherein the solution comprises a transition metal species and a confining agent; and (c) biasing one or a plurality of electrodes (selected electrode or electrodes) on the electrode array device with a voltage or current to regenerate the transition metal species consumed during the Pd(II)-mediated reaction, whereby the confining agent limits diffusion of the transition metal species to a volume surrounding each selected electrode surface. 2. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction is selected from the group consisting of a Wacker reaction, a Saegusa reaction, oxidative aryl coupling reactions, alkene to π-allyl palladium conversions, enol ether—organometallic coupling reactions, any other stoichiometric Pd(II) oxidation, and combinations thereof. 3. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the transition metal is a Pd (II) containing species. 4. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 3 wherein the transition metal is Pd(OAc)2. 5. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the Pd(II) species is regenerated by oxidation from Pd(0) by an intermediate oxident generated by a regeneration reaction at a selected electrode. 6. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 5 wherein the intermediate oxidant species is a triarylamine cation radical generated from a triaryl amine at the electrode. 7. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the confining agent is a reductant added to the solution sufficient to convert Pd(II) back to Pd(0) in areas not proximal to an activated electrode. 8. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 7 wherein the confining agent is a reductant selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl vinyl ethers, divinyl ether, aryl vinyl ether, alkene, H2, hydroquinones, and combinations thereof. 9. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 8 wherein the confining agent is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl vinyl ether, wherein the alkyl moiety is a C1-8 alkyl group. 10. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the biasing step uses a voltage no greater than 5V. 11. The process for conducting an isolated Pd(II) mediated reaction on a plurality of electrodes of claim 1 wherein the biasing step was performed for a time of from about 1 sec to about 10 min using a pulsed voltage or nonpulsed voltage. 12. A process for selectively immobilizing a biological molecule having a free amine moiety onto a selected region of a porous matrix, comprising: (a) providing an electrode array device having a plurality of metallic or conductive electrodes each with a conductive surface; (b)[porous polymer matrix having free amine groups; (b) coupling a substituted phenol substrate at selected electrodes of the electrode array device, wherein the substituted phenol substrate is selected from the group consisting of 2-,3-,4-, or 5-substituted aminophenols, and combinations thereof, wherein the substitution is selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, Cl, F, Br, hydroxy, aminoC1-6 alkyl, and amino; and 34

(c) performing a site selected Pd(II) catalysed cycloaddition reaction between the phenol substrate and an acetylene at selected electrode sites by] providing a solution bathing the electrode array device, wherein the solution comprises a Pd(II)[transition] metal species and a confining agent; (c), [and] biasing one or a plurality of selected electrodes on the electrode array device with a voltage or current to perform a Wacker reaction regenerating the Pd(II) metal species consumed during the Wacker reaction and generating a free ketone or a free aldehyde moiety or a mixture of both, whereby the confining agent limits diffusion of the transition metal species to a volume surrounding each selected electrode surface; and (d) providing a biological material having a free amino moiety to the electrode array device to selectively immobilize to the porous matrix located adjacent to the selected electrode(s). 13. The process for selectively immobilizing a biological molecule having a free amine moiety onto a selected region of a porous matrix[regenerate the transition metal species consumed during the cyclooxidation reaction.]

Non-Final Office Action On March 13, 2008, the USPTO issued a non-final office action (NF-OA) with a provisional nonstatutory obviousness double patenting rejection. There are two types of double patenting rejections, statutory and nonstatutory.29 Both types of double patenting rejections are based on the law which states that an inventor may obtain “a patent” (note the use of singular “a”) for an invention.30 Statutory double patenting occurs when the claims in both patents are identical. Nonstatutory obviousness double patenting occurs when the claims, while not identical, are equivalent. The NF-OA stated that all claims of the patent application were “provisionally” rejected based on obvious-type double patenting in view of copending Application Nos. 11/063,402 (claims 1 to 20), 11/326,717 (claims 1 to 10), and 11/777,972 (claims 1 to 19) (see Table I). The NF-OA further noted that the rejection was “provisional” because the conflicting claim in the copending patent applications have not yet been patented. The NF-OA noted that although the claims in the subject patent application are not identical to those in the copending applications, they relate to the same process and are not patentably distinct. The term of a patent is limited to 20 years from the U.S. date of filing of the patent application or from the earliest filing date of its parent patent application.31 Double patent rejections prevent the term of a patent from being extended beyond the statutory 20-year term by getting a second subsequently filed patent for the same invention. The rationale behind double patenting rejections is that32 “The public should . . . be able to act on the assumption that upon the expiration of the patent it will be free to use not only the invention claimed in the patent but also modifications or variants which would have been obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made, taking into account the skill in the art and prior art other than the invention claimed in the issued patent.” Additionally, from common law precedent33 “A double patenting rejection also serves public policy interests by preventing the possibility of multiple suits against an accused infringer by different assignees of patents claiming patentably indistinct variations of the same invention.” The applicants were given a three-month period to respond without paying additional late response fees.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Applicant Response

Summary

On September 13, 2008, the applicant’s response to the non-final office action was filed with a request for a three-month extension of time with the requisite fee. The response included a terminal disclaimer.34 The terminal disclaimer stated

In this installment of our “Looking at Patent Law” series, we present a case study of the prosecution of U.S. Patent No. 7,507,837; “Process for Performing an Isolated Pd(II)-Mediated Oxidation Reaction.” Prof. Kevin Moeller, a co-inventor on the subject patent, is a member-at-large of the Organic and Biological Electrochemistry (OBE) division of the Electrochemical Society. The ‘837 patent issued on March 24, 2009 with co-inventors Kevin Moeller, Eden Tesfu, and Karl Maurer. The assignee of the patent at the time of issue was CombiMatrix Corporation of Mukilteo, Washington. The case study begins with a brief synopsis of the background of the invention followed by 1) a discussion of the parent and child patent applications associated with the invention, 2) inventor assignment and power of attorney designations, 3) summary of office actions, 4) summary of applicant response to non-final rejection, and 5) allowance of the patent application. The case study discusses double patenting and the applicant’s response by filling a terminal disclaimer to traverse the rejection. With this case study, we hope to de-mystify the patent prosecution process and better prepare electrochemical and solid state scientists, engineers, and technologists to interact with their patent counsel regarding their inventions. © The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/2.F03222IF

“…CombiMatrix Corporation, [owner] of 100 percent interest in the instant application disclaims…the terminal part of the statutory term of any patent granted on the instant application which would extend beyond the expiration date of the full statutory term prior patent No. 11/063,402…” The terminal disclaimer stipulated that the applicants disclaimed any patent term that would extend beyond the patent term of the copending applications. In other words, the applicants were stipulating that the current patent application would not be enforceable beyond the period of the copending patent applications, if they were allowed and issued.

Allowance of Patent Application The USPTO approved the terminal disclaimer on October 22, 2008 and issued a notice of allowance on November 19, 2008. The patent application issued as U.S. Patent No. 7,507837 on March 24, 2009 after payment of the issue fees. The claims were allowed as filed with the exception of minor “typical” corrections. While at first glance allowance without modification based on the examination of prior art is unusual, recall that the patent claims were extensively modified based on the examination of the parent patent application 11/063,402. The main independent claim from the patent is reproduced herein Claim 1. A process for synthesizing site-selective coumarins at known locations of an electrode array device, comprising: (a) providing an electrode array device with a coating of the region above the electrodes with a porous polymer matrix having free amine groups; (b) coupling a substituted phenol substrate at selected electrodes of the electrode array device, wherein the substituted phenol substrate is selected from the group consisting of 2-,3-,4-, or 5-substituted amino-phenols, and combinations thereof, wherein the substitution is selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, Cl, F, Br, hydroxy, aminoC1-6 alkyl, and amino; and (c) performing a site selected Pd(II) catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between the phenol substrate and an acetylene at selected electrode sites by providing a solution bathing the electrode array device, wherein the solution comprises a transition metal species and a confining agent, and biasing one or a plurality of selected electrodes on the electrode array device with a voltage or current to regenerate the transition metal species consumed during the cyclooxidation reaction. The copending patent applications listed in Table I were abandoned as the applicants had not responded to the office action. The applicants generally have up to six months to respond to office actions, although extensions may be sought for special circumstances. If the applicants do not respond, the patent application becomes abandoned.35 Reasons an applicant might choose to abandon a patent application include 1) the basis for the rejection by the USPTO cannot be traversed, 2) to avoid publication by filing a petition with the USPTO,36 or 3) to pursue prosecution of the subject invention in a continuing patent application.37

About the Authors E. Jennings Taylor, Founder of Faraday Technology, Inc. Research Interest: Faraday Technology, Inc. is a small business focused on developing innovative electrochemical processes and technologies based on pulse and pulse reverse electrolytic principles. Patent Background: Taylor leads Faraday’s patent and commercialization strategy and has negotiated numerous patents via field of use licenses as well as patent sales. He is admitted to practice before the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) in patents cases as a patent agent (Registration No. 53,676). Member of the American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA). Pubs & Patents: Numerous technical pubs and presentations, inventor on 40 patents. Work with ECS: Member for 42 years, ECS Fellow. Website: http://www.faradaytechnology.com/ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-0267 Maria Inman, Research Director, Faraday Technology, Inc. Patent Background: Inman serves as principal investigator on project development activities and manages the company’s pulse and pulse reverse research project portfolio. Pubs & Patents: In addition to technical pubs and presentations, she is competent in patent drafting and patent drawing preparation. She is an inventor on seven patents. Work with ECS: Member for 25 years. Serves ECS as a member of many committees. Awards: ASTM member Website: http://www.faradaytechnology.com/ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2560-8410

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Taylor and Inman

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References 1. E. J. Taylor and M. Inman, “Looking at Patent Law: Opportunity Prospecting by Analysis of Analogous Patent Art,” Electrochem. Soc. Interface 26(4), 57 (2017). 2. USPTO Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) https:// portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair. 3. K. Moeller et. al., “Process for Performing an Isolated Pd(II)Mediated Oxidation Reaction” U.S. Patent No. 7,507,837 issued March 24, 2009. 4. 35 U.S.C. §121 Divisional Applications. 5. Manual of Patent Examination Procedure (MPEP) §201.06 Divisional Application. 6. Manual of Patent Examination Procedure (MPEP) §201.08 Continuation-in-Part Application. 7. R. J. Lipshutz, S. P.A. Fodor, T. R. Gingeras and D. J. Lockhart, Nat. Genet., 21, 20 (1999). 8. M. C. Pirrung, Chem. Rev., 97, 473 (1997). 9. M. S. Webb, A. L. Miller, B. H. Johnson, Y. Fofanov, T. Li, T. G. Wood, and E. B. Thompson, J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 183 (2003). 10. S.-R. Shi, Y.-W. Wang, G.-W. Chen, L.-Y. Chang, T.-Y. Lin, M.C. Tseng, C. Chiang, K.-C. Tsao, C. G. Huang, M.-R. Shio, J.-H. Tai, S.-H. Wang, R.-L. Kuo, and W.-T. Liu, J. Virol. Methods, 111, 55 (2003). 11. D. Montgomery, “Electrochemical Solid Phase Synthesis” U.S. Patent No. 6,093,302 issued July 25, 2000. 12. Chemistry LibreTexts (accessed 3-4-2022) https://chem. libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_ Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Reactions/Organic_Reactions/ Wacker_Oxidation. 13. 35 U.S.C. §112(a) Specification/In General. 14. 35 U.S.C. §112(b) Specification/Conclusion. 15. 35 U.S.C. §113 Drawings. 16. https://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/fees-andpayment/uspto-fee-schedule#Patent%20Fees

17. 35 U.S.C. §115(b)(1)(2) Inventor’s Oath or Declaration/Required Statements. 18. 35 U.S.C. §101 Inventions Patentable. 19. 37 CFR 1.63 Inventor’s Oath or Declaration. 20. 18 U.S.C. §1001Statements or Entries Generally. 21. E. J. Taylor and M. Inman, “Looking at Patent Law: Why Is the Word ‘Right’ Mentioned Only Once in the Constitution of the United States?” Electrochem. Soc. Interface 26(2), 45 (2017). 22. Manual of Patent Examination Procedure (MPEP) §1481.02 Correction of Named Inventor. 23. 37 CFR 1.211 Publication of Applications. 24. 35 U.S.C. §261 Ownership; Assignment. 25. 35 U.S.C. §262 Joint Owners. 26. 37 CFR §1.27(a)(3)(ii)(A) Definition of small entities and establishing status as a small entity to permit payment of small entity fees; when a determination of entitlement to small entity status and notification of loss of entitlement to small entity status are required; fraud on the Office. 27. Office of Enrollment and Discipline https://oedci.uspto.gov/ OEDCI/practitionerSearchEntry 28. 37 CFR §1.33 Correspondence Respecting Patent Applications, Reexamination Proceedings, and Other Proceedings. 29. Manual of Patent Examination Procedure (MPEP) §1504.06 Double Patenting. 30. 35 U.S.C. §101 Inventions Patentable. 31. 35 U.S.C. §154(a)(2) Contents and Term of Patent; Provisional Rights. 32. Manual of Patent Examination Procedure (MPEP) §804 Definition of Double Patenting. 33. In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 944-48, 214 USPQ 761, 767-70 (CCPA 1982). 34. 37 CFR §1.321 (pre-AIA) Statutory Disclaimers, Including Terminal Disclaimers Abandonment for Failure to Reply within Time Period. 35. 37 CFR §1.135 Abandonment for Failure to Reply within Time Period. 36. 37 CFR §1.138(c) Express Abandonment. 37. 37 CFR §1.138(b) Express Abandonment.

242nd ECS Meeting ATLANTA l GA October 9-13, 2022 Atlanta Hilton

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TECH HIGHLIGHTS Transmission Line Model Impedance Analysis of Lithium Sulfur Batteries: Influence of Lithium Sulfide Deposit Formed During Discharge and Self-Discharge

Lithium-sulfur batteries are one of the most promising beyond–lithium-ion battery energy storage technologies. However, there are many challenges that must be overcome before the widespread commercialization of Li-S batteries can be realized, including the insulating nature of S8 and Li2S, which are formed during cycling, as well as polysulfide shuttling. A fundamental understanding of the various redox processes that occur during Li-S battery operation is required to make significant advances. To this end, a recent paper investigated the effect of Li2S deposition on the impedance response of Li-S batteries. EIS experiments combined with transmission line modeling revealed that, contrary to widespread belief, the Li2S solid deposit does not block the surface of carbon electrodes with respect to the polysulfide redox reactions. This paper indicates that Li2S deposited on the electrode surface can reach thicknesses of several hundreds of nanometers; however, its porous and non-homogeneous morphology may not prevent polysulfides from reaching the carbon surface. Consequently, these results suggest that while the porous Li2S layer does slightly impede the transport of polysulfides toward the carbon surface, the effect is small in terms of the overall performance of the Li-S system. From: S. D. Talian, G. Kapun, J. Moškon, et al., J. Electrochem. Soc., 169, 010529 (2022).

Albumin Protein Adsorption on CoCrMoO Implant Alloy: Impact on the Corrosion Behavior at Localized Scale

A complete understanding of the corrosion resistance of the alloys used as implants in the human body is critical to ensuring their long-term biocompatibility. Current research has focused on how corrosion behavior is influenced by the complex, potentially harsh environments of the body. In one such environment, researchers are actively working to probe and further investigate the electrochemical dynamics of protein adsorption to a metal surface and the corresponding effect on corrosion behavior. Scientists at the University of Udine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, and CIDETEC have examined the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) concentration and applied overpotential on adsorption mechanisms and corrosion resistance of CoCrMo in a BSA-doped phosphatebuffered saline solution. Using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) and other electrochemical techniques, they have demonstrated several notable findings: 1) enhanced corrosion resistance in the higher concentration BSA-doped solution; 2) formation of BSA clusters vs. a uniform adsorbed protein layer with increasing

overpotential; and 3) lowered surface potential at the cluster sites. Lastly, based on the analyses performed, the authors of this paper, which was part of the JES Focus Issue on Women in Electrochemistry, outlined a mechanism for localized corrosion at the BSA/metal surface interface, which is attributed to adsorption and attack by chloride ions and differences in surface potential. From: E. Rahimi, R. Offoiach, K. Baert, et al., J. Electrochem. Soc., 169, 031507 (2022).

Electrodeposited Ni-Fe onto Glassy Carbon for the Detection of Methylene Blue

Methylene blue (MB) is an industrially important dye, mediator, and redox indicator, and it is desirable to have an electrochemical detection method for MB that is both quick and reliable at concentrations below 10 μM. A team at Clarkson University has reported a novel detection method as part of the JES Focus Issue on Women in Electrochemistry. The researchers pulse deposited Ni-Fe clusters on glassy carbon, and these clusters had a compositional gradient making them more Fe-rich at the edges. Electrodes prepared this way showed high MB reduction currents. Moreover, potential sweep experiments demonstrated that this MB reduction was governed by both diffusion and adsorption. The researchers exploited this fact to devise a detection strategy that was highly sensitive at concentrations below 5 μM. When MB concentration is small, adsorption is low, and the RC time constant is large because capacitance and ohmic resistance are strong functions of MB concentration. This provides a large detection signal that can be observed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, resulting in a fast and sensitive detection technique for MB From: A. Bahrololoomi, H. K. Bilan, and E. J. Podlaha, J. Electrochem. Soc., 169, 012501 (2022).

The Effect of Cell Compression and Cathode Pressure on Hydrogen Crossover in PEM Water Electrolysis

The commercial viability of PEM electrolysis is driven by electrochemical efficiency, which is impacted by the design and operating conditions of the stack. In addition to efficiency, the reduction of hydrogen crossover from the cathode to the anode side needs to be reduced as well. It is this very specific problem that the research team from Germany and Canada addressed, whose work is published in the JES Focus Issue of Women in Electrochemistry. The team employed steady state polarization curve, high frequency impedance, Tafel analysis to decouple activation, ohmic and mass transport losses, and a gas chromatograph to measure hydrogen crossover. The group characterized the hydrogen crossover and the performance at

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

four different cell compressions, operating the cell at different cathode pressures. The group found that the higher compression helped reduce ohmic losses but increased mass transport losses, which were partially offset on operating at higher cathode pressure. They also found that hydrogen crossover increased with compression and operating cathode pressure. The latter finding was unexpected, and the authors have provided three hypotheses. The study reiterates the need for a multidimensional approach when designing PEM electrolyzers. From: A. Martin, P. Trinke, M. Stähler, et al., J. Electrochem. Soc., 169, 014502 (2022).

Review—Biowaste as a Source of Conductive Carbon

Recent increases in the adoption of portable and wearable electronics and electric vehicles indicate that there will be a prolonged need for cost-effective battery and supercapacitor materials for the foreseeable future. Consequently, various low-cost precursors are being investigated and there is particular interest in materials that are currently deemed to be waste products. To this end, a recent review paper has detailed the conversion of biowaste to porous carbons, which can be used as conductive additives for lithium-ion battery electrodes and as electrode materials for supercapacitors. This review paper discusses a wide range of biowastes, including fruits, vegetables, and other plants. The conversion from biowaste to conductive carbon typically involves a two-step process. First, the biowaste undergoes relatively low temperature (< 200 °C) hydrothermal treatment as an initial carbonization step. This is then followed by high temperature (> 600 °C) chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce porous, conductive carbons. The authors also compare the electrochemical performance of the porous carbons produced in terms of their capacitance as supercapacitor electrode materials. This report demonstrates that the carbonization of biowaste is a viable step toward the valorization of waste products. From: U. Zia, H. Iram, H. Z. Haider, et al., J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 11, 021001 (2022).

Tech Highlights was prepared by Joshua Gallaway of Northeastern University, Mara Schindelholz of Sandia National Laboratories, David McNulty of University of Limerick, Chock Karuppaiah of Vetri Labs, and Donald Pile of EnPower, Inc. Each article highlighted here is available free online. Go to the online version of Tech Highlights in each issue of Interface, and click on the article summary to take you to the full-text version of the article. 37

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ECS’s Five Communication Pillars As ECS emerged from the global pandemic stronger than ever, with new publications and expanding awareness of the importance of our fields, it became clear that we needed a bold new marketing statement. by Frances Chaves Scholarly society consultants at Delta Think interviewed key staff and reviewed ECS community conversations and stories to determine five key attributes that describe the Society and our global community. These attributes are the pillars undergirding a communications marketing strategy that defines how ECS fills its target market’s

needs; aligns marketing efforts internally; and distills the many aspects of the organization’s value down to its core message. The resulting positioning statement puts the five success attributes— connects, empowers, accelerates, engages, and champions—into context and grounds the Society’s communications:

ECS is dedicated to moving science forward by empowering researchers globally to leave their mark on science. The Society connects a diverse and representative constituency of members and nonmembers alike to accelerate scientific discovery, facilitate the engagement of an inclusive network, and champion the dissemination of research to support a sustainable future.

achieve the Society’s mission and vision,” said Shannon Reed, ECS Director of Community Engagement. These attributes encompass the Society, which:

Empowers researchers at the forefront of discovery

• Convenes scientists across the world to facilitate research and discovery • Provides a professional life across one’s lifetime career • Cultivates mentorship opportunities across career stages • Nurtures and builds relationships that preserve a cycle of partnership and teamwork

• Champions innovative research and evolving science • Maximizes the impact of electrochemistry research on the sustainability of the future • Builds upon a rich history of scientific advancement

The positioning statement and five pillars define ECS—and highlight what distinguishes the Society from other organizations. They articulate ECS’s unique identity, helping us tell our story more

Accelerates the speed of science • Creates an environment that removes barriers to engagement, publication, or presentation • Increases the frequency of engagement with scientists at all career stages to advance and promote research • Nimbly adapts to community needs

C AC

Connects the electrochemical community

P AM

N IO

GA N

E G

E EL

AT E R

W PO

NNE

“The five pillars speak not only to qualities, but also to actions inherent to the ECS Community. These attributes help focus the organization’s programs and how they reinforce each other and the community to

Engages and champions inclusivity • Advocates for diversity, equity, and inclusion • Supports constituents at all career stages • Welcomes and values the contributions of members and nonmembers alike • Opens opportunities to everyone, allowing them to leave their mark on science • Recognizes achievements by all through honors, awards, publications, and meetings

effectively within the Society and to the world at large as we move science forward. Join us in spreading the word! © The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 110.1149/2.F05222IF

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ECS Membership enhances and advances your career path. Join a community of like-minded professionals! Network and collaborate through events and the 8,000+ member directory. Be eligible for distinguished honors and awards. Volunteer for significant positions in your technical fields. Benefit from specialized educational and professional resources. Access peer-reviewed cutting-edge content published in renowned journals. Experience all ECS has to offer. Become a member today! Visit Electrochem.org/join 40

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Meet Interface's New Contributing Editors Getting to know our New Contributing Editors in the context of the five attributes for success recently adopted by ECS.

Christopher L. Alexander Christopher L. Alexander is an assistant similar research interests and this same professor just so happened to professor in the Department of Civil & chair the search committee for my current role. With each conference Environmental Engineering at the University of I attended since, I have met new colleagues who have been open South Florida and the Susan and William and willing to collaborate from the time I was a graduate student, Bracken junior faculty fellow. He directs the to postdoc, and now junior faculty member. ECS was instrumental corrosion research laboratory, which aspires to in helping me decide on and facilitate progress in my career path. conquer corrosion while increasing the Toward the end of my graduate career and as I was looking for jobs, sustainability and resilience of critical it was through ECS that I learned about many opportunities and infrastructure. was often able to speak directly His research to those involved in the hiring group develops techniques to process. Additionally, I have built detect and accurately quantify relationships and have followed ‟With each ECS conference, I have met new corrosion damage, advances and the career paths of many of my colleagues who were open and willing to optimizes methods to mitigate it, peers, which has provided a strong collaborate—from the time I was a graduate and works toward understanding sense of community. Through student, to a postdoc, and now a junior faculty the mechanisms that govern its ECS, I now have an ever-growing member.” initiation and progression. The network of electrochemistry knowledge gained through these professionals. efforts is used to develop damage prediction tools that can estimate the remaining service life of critical Empowering Researchers infrastructure, identify the optimal material for future infrastructural at the Forefront of Discovery components, and aid in the design of novel materials that will be more corrosion resistant in a continually evolving climate. I direct the corrosion research laboratory at USF, which aspires The laboratory has either completed or is currently working to conquer corrosion while increasing the sustainability and on projects that include the corrosion performance of anodized resilience of critical infrastructure. Currently we are studying aluminum formed with novel additives, susceptibility of prestressing pitting corrosion of stainless steels in cementitious materials using steels placed within galvanized steel ducts to hydrogen embrittlement, bi-polar electrochemistry. The aim of this work is to develop pit or reinforcement corrosion control for sustainable concrete crevice stability criteria considering the metal alloy and the cement formulations, corrosion propagation mechanisms of stainless steel composition and pore structure. concrete reinforcement, the role of coating deficiencies on the service life of metallic coated drainage pipes, and corrosion degradation of Accelerating the Speed of Science wastewater treatment plant components. Prior to his current position, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Sandia ECS provides an excellent venue for research in progress. I have National Laboratories within the Materials Reliability Center where presented or have been involved in a total of 14 oral conference he studied atmospheric stress corrosion cracking as it relates to the presentations, most of which included hot-off-of-the-press aging and lifetime of nuclear waste interim storage containers. He data. The flexibility that ECS offers with bi-annual conferences holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Florida provides researchers the opportunity to continually engage with where his dissertation work was on the application of electrochemical the electrochemistry community and thus fosters accelerated impedance spectroscopy to corrosion detection in civil infrastructure scientific progress. Throughout the pandemic, ECS provided virtual and the role of surface heterogeneity in the manifestation of frequency conferences. At the session I presented in, a live component with dispersion and constant phase response. active discussion was facillitated by the session chairs. The live component was instrumental and facillitated progress in my research Connecting of modeling galvanic corrosion of aluminized steel with coating the Electrochemical Community defects within confined geometries. I attended my first ECS conference as a PhD student in 2014 and it was the first time I truly understood the bigger picture of my work and its potential implications. Through this experience, I was able to share my research face-to-face with members of the community and discuss potential ideas and paths forward. While giving a talk at that conference I was asked a question by a distinguished professor with

Engaging and Championing Inclusivity ECS truly facillitates a global research venue. It has been at these conferences that I have been able to meet collaborators, colleagues, and notable researchers from around the world whom I might not otherwise have had the opportunity to get to know. (continued on next page)

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(continued from previous page)

Christopher G. Arges Chris Arges is an Associate Professor of Division for several years. In 2017, Arges was a Guest Editor for Chemical Engineering at Penn State University. the ECS Interface issue entitled ‟Interdisciplinary Research for Next His research lies at the intersection of polymer Generation Electrolytes” in Spring 2017. science and electrochemical engineering. Prof. ECS has been his scientific and technical home since he joined the Arges’s research is motivated by addressing organization in 2010. For over 10 years, ECS has been instrumental challenges in energy conversion and storage and in Chris’s professional development as a researcher and educator and separations. Current research projects focus on has made an indelible impact on his career. fundamental and applied studies of hightemperature polymer electrolyte membranes and Empowering Researchers electrode binders for fuel cells and hydrogen at the Forefront of Discovery pumps for gas separations, bipolar membranes for ionic separations and electrolysis, porous ion-exchange resin wafers for targeted ionic The Arges Research Lab investigates and invents new separations using electrodeionization, and thin film studies of electrochemical materials for: 1) energy conversion and storage— polymer electrolytes and electrocatalysts afforded from selfmainly for hydrogen fuel cells, pumps, and electrolysis units; 2) assembled block copolymers. chemical manufacturing and separations; and 3) water remediation. Chris started his independent career as an Assistant Professor The research carried out in the in Chemical Engineering at Arges Laboratory relies upon Louisiana State University a multi-disciplinary approach (LSU) in 2016 after completing spanning electrochemical ‟ECS has been his scientific and technical home a two-year postdoc in Molecular engineering, transport phenomena, since he joined the organization in 2010.” Engineering at the University of polymer physics, lithography, and Chicago and Argonne National advanced metrology. The research Laboratory. He earned a PhD in in the Arges Lab is motivated by Chemical Engineering from the addressing challenges in sustainable, economical, and efficient uses Illinois Institute of Technology under the guidance of Professor of energy, water, and other natural resources. Vijay Ramani. His dissertation focused on the alklaline stability of The Arges Lab shares ECS’s enthusiasm for rapid, open-access anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells. Chris attained his publication of research results, and for diverse membership. Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He also earned a Master of Science in Accelerating the Speed of Science and Chemical Engineering part-time at North Carolina State University while working full-time in pharmaceutical R&D. Chris has published Engaging and Championing Inclusivity more than 55 peer-reviewed journal papers and given more than 40 invited talks at international meetings, universities, and industry Chris’s managing style as a faculty advisor is to empower students forums. Chris is the recipient of the NSF Faculty Early Career so they can exercise their creativity and curiousity while also honing Development Program (CAREER) Award, the ECS Toyota Young their critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. All of his PhD Investigator Fellowship, and the 3M Non-Tenured Faculty Award. graduates have attended and presented at an ECS conference. They He was selected as an Emerging Young Investigator by the Journal have done a great job getting involved with the ECS community; and, of Materials Chemistry A in 2020. Chris’s research and teaching at LSU, Chris and his students founded its first ECS student chapter excellence has been recognized by the LSU Rainmaker Award, LSU in 2017. This ECS Student Chapter hosted a yearly seminar with a Alumni Association Rising Faculty Research Award, and the Tiger student poster session solely dedicated to electrochemical science Athletic Foundation Undergraduate Teaching Award. Chris’s research and engineering. group has been funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Chris is passionate about diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) at Science Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy Office of the university level and in the ECS profession. Forty percent of his Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy, National Science Foundation, PhD mentees have been women. He has also supervised more than and the Office of Naval Research. 10 students as undergraduate researchers who were either women or from underrepresented demographics. Central to improving diversity in the field is an active recruitment strategy to find students. At LSU Connecting and in Baton Rouge, he annually performed outreach activities with the Electrochemical Community North Banks Middle School to get students excited about math through hands-on demonstration. The impetus for these outreach Chris has been a member of ECS with IE&EE involvement since activities stems from the fact that students who lose interest in math joining as a student in 2010. He was awarded the IE&EE Student at the middle school level often do not regain interest and are math Achievement award in 2013 and he has chaired sessions at ECS deficient when they enter college. At Penn State, Chris will host meetings since 2012 and co-organized numerous sessions since 2017. students from local rural communities for research experiences with In 2021, Arges was awarded the ECS Toyota Young Investigator renewable energy systems. Fellowship. He has also served on various committees for the IE&EE

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Scott Cushing Scott Cushing is an Assistant Professor at the Connecting the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) with Electrochemical Community a multidisciplinary background spanning chemistry, materials science, and physics. His My scientific work revolves around building new spectroscopic research focuses on the creation of new scientific instrumentation. Since I was an undergraduate, the ETD division has instrumentation that can translate quantum mentored me all the way from my first scientific presentations until phenomena to practical devices and applications. my start as a young professor. Not only have several members taken The Cushing Lab is currently pioneering the use me under their wings, but the rich of attosecond scientific dialogue has driven X-ray, timemultiple of my new scientific resolved TEM-EELS, and ultrafast directions and spectroscopy ‟Since I was an undergraduate, the ETD division beams of entangled photons for a instrumentation builds. The has mentored me all the way from my first range of microscopy and interplay between theory and scientific presentations until my start as a young spectroscopy applications. Scott experiment and between professor.” has been awarded DOE, AFOSR, fundamental and applicationRose Hill, Cottrell, and ACS based science that exists in the related Early Career awards. Scott ETD division will continue to has published over 50 papers, shape my lab group for some time to come! including 10 since being at Caltech, that have been cited over 7,500 times with an h-index of >30. Scott holds multiple patents, some of (continued on next page) which led to a solar energy company.

Fig. 1. Some of the instrumentation that The Cushing Lab at Caltech has developed to help answer materials and physical chemistry questions. (continued on next page)

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Cushing

(continued from previous page)

Empowering Researchers at the Forefront of Discovery

Accelerating the Speed of Science and Engaging and Championing Inclusivity

My lab group specializes in the construction of new scientific instrumentation with a special focus on photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry. Since joining ECS, I have developed and applied ultrafast spectroscopy in many forms for sustainability-related questions. I have used ultrafast laser spectroscopy in various forms to mechanistically separate plasmonic energy and charge transfer mechanisms. I have used ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy to provide the first measurements of excited state polaron formation and how it limits photoelectrode performance. I have also advanced the ultrafast X-ray technique to the point of measuring ultrafast hole transport through multilayer photoelectrodes and separate charge dynamics in terms of interfaces, defects, and surfaces. In addition to my lab’s ultrafast X-ray work, we are developing ultrafast TEM methods to measure how doping, catalysts, and surface structure controls charge migration and recombination during an electrochemical reaction on the nanometer scale.

The ECS ETD division has mentored me starting from my first presentations as an undergraduate. As I grew up scientifically, I was always met with warm discussion and mentoring. ECS supports multiple awards for young scientists that really brings inclusion at a stage where you are still growing in your confidence. Now that I have my own lab group, I plan to introduce my students to the same community while extending the same warm hand to other young students I meet at meetings. Poster sessions in particular are always such a great opportunity to connect to a wide range of scientists at different career stages. I have also already helped several postdocs associated with ECS through the strenuous faculty job search process based on my recent experience. I run a program at Caltech that brings scientific opportunities and mentorships to local minority-serving institutes and community colleges in the Los Angeles area, and I plan to use ECS as one of my go-to conferences for their first conference and presentation experiences.

Ahmet Kusoglu Ahmet Kusoglu is a Staff Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), working on polymeric and functional materials for hydrogen and clean energy applications. His research focuses on the characterization of ionconductive polymers and solid-electrolyte interfaces for energy conversion technologies and related endemic electrochemical-mechanical phenomena. Science communication and data analytics and visualization are among his interests. He completed his PhD at the University of Delaware and did his postdoctoral research at Berkeley Lab on fuel cell membranes. Dr. Kusoglu has published more than 70 peerreviewed journal papers and two book chapters, and has given more than 30 invited talks and tutorials at international meetings and academic and industrial forums. He received the 2017–2018 ECS Toyota Young Investigator Fellowship and the 2016 ECS Srinivasan Young Investigator Award. Dr. Kusoglu has participated as a PI in several Department of Energy consortia on hydrogen, including HydroGEN and H2NEW. He also served as a Thrust Coordinator in the Fuel Cell Performance and Durability (FC-PAD) Consortium, and is currently Communications Director of the Million Mile Fuel Cell Truck (M2FCT) Consortium, which aims to advance fuel-cells for zero-emission trucks and heavy-duty applications.

Energizing the Electrochemical Community The Electrochemical Society has provided me with the opportunity to grow as a professional, a researcher, and a colleague, from ECSsponsored research awards to increasing responsibilities in the Energy Technologies Division (ETD). I had served as a member and past chair of the ETD awards committee, and more recently, started participating in the organizing committee and leading the ionexchange membrane topic for the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers (PEFC&E) symposium. From now on, I will also serve as Contributing Editor for Interface.

In December 2021, I helped produce an ECS Interface issue on hydrogen for clean energy. My Chalkboard article and subsequent webinar on the colors of hydrogen provided an avenue for me to share my passion for scientific visualization with the electrochemical community.

Empowering Researchers at the Forefront of Discovery The Kusoglu Research Lab at Berkeley Lab is a key member of the Energy Conversion Group, comprising a highly multidisciplinary team of researchers—electrochemists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, and material scientists—who interact with various industrial, national laboratory, and academic researchers. My lab focuses on the fundamental understanding of ion-containing soft matter (ionomers) and functional interfaces, and exists at the intersection of mechanics and electrochemistry to develop and understand next-generation materials for clean energy technologies. My lab’s research approach involves systematic investigations with data-driven design focused on exploring functionality and stability of ionomer membranes, composites, and thin films under different stressors as separators and at electrode interfaces. We complement transport- and mechanical-property investigations with multi-scale morphological characterization through synchrotron X-ray techniques to establish structure-function relationships, to discover new design dimensions for tuning material functionality, and to guide material design and integration. ECS shares our emphasis on multidisciplinary and cross-sector collaboration, and the Society’s cutting-edge conferences; commitment to rapid, open-access publication of research results bridging fundamental and applied science; and diverse membership all support our technical and human research and development efforts in a field that is developing at an unprecedented pace.

Enhancing the Speed of Science The work of my research team holds great potential to provide clean and renewable sustainable-energy technologies and decarbonize the electrical grid and transportation sector. Enhancing the speed and The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

quality at which it advances is essential to all of our futures. ECS demonstrated the avid appetite for clean technologies and hydrogen provides multiple ways for which researchers to share their work in and related topics, and the impact of ECS webinars in moving progress and gather community feedback that results in improved science forward. findings and approaches, idea exchanges, and new collaborations. For example, my ECS-sponsored webinar on the concept of Engaging and Championing Inclusivity the colors of hydrogen explored ways to categorize and demystify clean hydrogen production, yet also clarified the inherent synergies Pollution from fossil fuels disproportionately affects the world’s and complexities of such a taxonomic approach. As a versatile, underserved communities. Finding cleaner ways to power our world colorless molecular energy carrier with great potential to decarbonize economy is a social equity and energy justice issue that can best be multiple sectors and help reach net zero emissions, there has been a solved by involving the brightest and most innovative minds. I am renewed interest in improving and proud of ECS’s commitment to expanding hydrogen production engaging and championing young with minimal or zero impact to the researchers, researchers from all environment. The conventional ‟ECS webinars provide a unique venue over the world, and researchers wisdom for categorizing hydrogen for bringing together people from different of all backgrounds. Without such production methods relies on communities to learn about electrochemical inclusivity, we risk limiting our colors that are associated with the technologies playing a key role in our society.” progress on the most pressing technology pathways and their net research questions of our time, carbon-emission impact. Despite educating the next generations of some confusion arising from illresearchers, and development of defined associations, the concept of hydrogen colors has been gaining the future workforce to help accomplish a clean energy transition. popularity due to the simplicity of such associations. I wanted to deIn addition, taking the next step—translating research results into mystify these colors by exploring an expanded palette that reflects policies and products—requires explaining the work in terms that are both existing and emerging (advanced) pathways to contribute to the understandable and compelling to nonscientists. In my work as an ongoing discussions efforts realizing the clean hydrogen vision. Interface Contributing Editor, I look forward to applying my interest These webinars provide a unique venue for bringing together in communication and data visualization to communicate complex people from different communities to learn about electrochemical scientific concepts to a wide range of audiences. technologies playing a key role in our society. The quality of the © The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/2.F06222IF questions and follow-up discussion and interest from the webinar

243rd ECS Meeting with SOFC-XVIII

BOSTON, MA May 28-June 1, 2023 Hynes Convention Center and Sheraton Boston

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How Some Recent Award Winners are Engaging with the Society Recent award winners share their takes on ECS’s five attributes for success.

Eric McShane Eric McShane received his BS in Chemical countless insights and developed numerous research ideas from our and Biomolecular Engineering from Cornell discussions, and I look forward to further fostering our collaborative University in 2016, where he worked as an connections as an eventual PI. undergraduate researcher studying scalable synthesis methods for Si and Ge nanowires in the Empowering Researchers lab of Tobias Hanrath as part of the Rawling at the Forefront of Discovery Cornell Presidential Research Scholars Program. He then earned the NSF Graduate Research I believe STEM education is the ultimate form of empowerment, Fellowship before beginning graduate studies at as it provides a toolset to understand and probe the world around UC Berkeley in the fall of 2016, joining Bryan us. I’ve therefore striven to inspire young students by developing McCloskey’s lab to study the kinetic, transport, and degradation and teaching engaging science phenomena underpinning lithiumlessons, such as liquid nitrogen ice ion battery operation during fast cream and Elephant’s Toothpaste charge. After graduating in ‟I believe STEM education is the ultimate form demonstrations, as a member of September 2021, he accepted a of empowerment, as it provides a toolset to Bay Area Scientists in Schools postdoctoral position at Stanford understand and probe the world around us.” (BASIS). I also worked to provide University in the Cargnello lab, those less privileged than myself where he now studies electrolyte with timely, scientifically sound engineering methods to improve information by creating and the Faradaic efficiency of the Liremotely instructing a “Statistics of Vaccinations and Herd Immunity” mediated electrochemical ammonia synthesis process. course for incarcerated students at San Quentin State Prison as part of McShane says, “I’ve been lucky to have received excellent the Mount Tamalpais College program. mentorship and support along my research journey, which has inspired me to actively seek STEM mentorship and outreach opportunities. Accelerating the Speed of Science Some of my fondest pre-pandemic memories in graduate school were the cheers of energetic local second graders as a bowl of milk, cream, Acceleration to me implies the efficient dissemination of ideas and and sugar turned to ice cream before their eyes with the help of liquid information. To this end, I accelerated idea promulgation by creating nitrogen during my school visits through the Bay Area Scientists in a seven-member journal club, which included people with related but Schools (BASIS) program. At the height of the pandemic, unable to distinct research interests, within our graduate school lab. We were attend school visits, I applied my passion for STEM to other pressing each able to apply novel—if perhaps unfamiliar—concepts discussed causes. I created and remotely instructed a course for traditionally during journal club to develop creative, interdisciplinary research vaccine-hesitant incarcerated students at San Quentin State Prison trajectories in our own projects. entitled “Statistics of Vaccinations and Herd Immunity” through the Mount Tamalpais College program. Now as a postdoc, I intend to continue my outreach efforts by participating in local science festivals Engaging and Championing Inclusivity and seeking out other ways to remain involved in my new (though not too distant) local community.” Diversity, equity, and inclusion have been ingrained in me from a young age by my Honduran-American grandmother, who immigrated to the US in her 20s, and my wife, a first-generation immigrant. It’s Connecting because of them that I understand my position of privilege and the the Electrochemical Community importance of giving back. My wife’s public-interest law work with children and incarcerated students inspired me to pursue STEM I’ve been fortunate to work with brilliant scientists across the education opportunities for underserved groups, resulting in my country, including researchers at ANL, INL, ORNL, NREL, and involvement in Bay Area Scientists in Schools (BASIS) and the SLAC, as part of the highly collaborative eXtreme Fast Charge Cell Mount Tamalpais College program for incarcerated students. Evaluation of Lithium-ion Batteries (XCEL) program. I’ve gained (continued on next page)

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Standish

(continued from previous page)

Thalia Standish Thalia Standish is currently a research electrochemistry. I presented my research at these meetings, opening scientist at Surface Science Western, where she up opportunities for collaboration and valuable discussions with conducts material analyses to advance academic other researchers. research and to help solve industrial problems. She received her PhD in Chemistry from Empowering Researchers Canada’s University of Western Ontario in 2019. at the Forefront of Discovery Her graduate research focused on evaluating the galvanic corrosion behavior of copper-coated My PhD research on the galvanic corrosion behavior of used carbon steel for used nuclear fuel containers, nuclear fuel containers is a key part to ensuring the safety of the using a combination of electrochemical containers for disposing of used nuclear fuel. This, in turn, is part of techniques, X-ray micro-computed planning for the future of nuclear tomography (micro-CT), and power and how the waste products surface analytical techniques. will be responsibly managed. Thalia is currently developing ‟Through my participation in the ECS Student expertise in Raman spectroscopy, Chapter, I was able to connect with other students Accelerating the Fourier transform infrared and members of industry who were studying spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal and involved in electrochemistry. I presented Speed of Science analysis techniques, focusing on my research at these meetings, opening up polymeric materials in particular. opportunities for collaboration and valuable I have published my research in During her PhD studies, Thalia discussions with other researchers.” the Journal of The Electrochemical published several peer-reviewed Society. The article was published research articles and presented her in a timely manner and was made research on numerous occasions, open access, which helps increase in various formats, to audiences ranging from the general public to the number of researchers who can access the results, thereby experts in her subject area. Her outstanding research ability, academic accelerating progress of research on related topics. excellence, and exceptional communication, interpersonal, and leadership skills have been acknowledged via numerous scholarships Engaging and Championing Inclusivity and awards.

Connecting the Electrochemical Community Through my participation in the University of Western Ontario ECS Student Chapter, I was able to connect with other students and members of industry who were studying and involved in

I am honored to have received the Corrosion Division Morris Cohen Graduate Student Award, which recognizes and rewards outstanding graduate research in the field of corrosion science and engineering. As an early-career professional, it is rewarding to have my contributions recognized and I am encouraged to stay active in my field. © The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/2.F07222IF

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ECS News ECS NEWS HIGHLIGHTS ECS News (formerly the ECS Blog) connects you to the ECS community, career opportunities, and industry-related news and events. Here’s how to make the most of it:

CAREER ADVANCEMENT

Discover the tools you need to take your career to new heights. Take advantage of educational resources such as webinars and workshops. Enhance your job search—or find your next employee—with ECS Career Center tips.

PUBLICATIONS

Follow the ECS News category “publications” for Calls for Papers and new Focus Issues and to follow events like the annual Free the Science Week and other publication-related news.

MEETINGS

Follow the ECS News category “meetings” to learn about the latest meeting topic close-ups and events, upcoming deadlines, important announcements, and more.

SOCIETY NEWS

A lot is going on in the Society. Visit the ECS News homepage for election announcements; upcoming fellowship, grant, and award deadlines; celebrating fellow ECS members’ achievements; and more.

www.electrochem.org/ecsnews

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SECTION NEWS ECS National Capital Section The ECS National Capital Section—encompassing Maryland; Virginia; Washington, DC; and West Virginia—has a long history of serving as a gathering place for the many electrochemistry and solid state scientists, engineers, and students in its region. While the Section has been somewhat dormant in recent years, its members hope to revitalize it in the near future. Toward this goal, the Section’s

Nominating Committee, headed by Rob Kelly, Paul Natishan, and David Shifler, launched its 2022 Officer Election in April 2022, with many promising candidates on the roster. The National Capital Section is excited to plan for the future upon the completion of its Officer Election. Look for the results of the election in the Interface fall issue.

ECS Pacific Northwest Section The ECS Pacific Northwest (PNW) Section continued hosting webinars and digital workshops on special topics in electrochemistry. In May, Dr. Mark J. Willey of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory presented “The U.S. Lithium Battery Market and the Challenge of Supporting it with Domestic Suppliers.” He discussed the current state of the electric vehicle (EV) market; the main U.S. manufacturers (and customers) of cells and materials in the EV and non-EV space; and challenges for U.S. suppliers to support the fast growth of the market. In July, a virtual mini-workshop focused on hydrogen energy with panelists from respected companies in the industry. This workshop’s goal was to promote research collaborations between industry, academia, and national labs, and to open a dialogue between students searching for jobs and industry employers seeking skilled employees. A slide highlighting Dr. Mark J. Willey’s May 3 Webinar, “The U.S. Lithium Battery Market and the Challenge of Supporting it with Domestic Suppliers.”

ECS Twin Cities Section

Announcing the new leadership of the ECS Twin Cities Section

Secretary – Peter Zhang, Medtronic Dr. Peter Zhang completed his PhD in Electrochemistry and Corrosion at the University of Science and Technology, Beijing. He worked at several universities as Assistant and Associate Professor, Postdoctoral Fellow, and Senior Research Scholar. In 2000, Dr. Zhang became a materials and corrosion scientist at Visteon. He joined Medtronic in 2007, where he works on the reliability of lithium batteries for implantable devices.

Chair – Vicki Gelling, Sherwin-Williams Dr. Vicki Gelling completed a PhD in Chemistry at North Dakota State University (NDSU) with Dr. Dennis E. Tallman, and then joined the faculty of NDSU’s Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials. Her research focused on the use of electrochemical methods for coatings and corrosion. In 2014, she moved to industry, first at Valspar, followed by her current position as Research Fellow in the Performance Coatings Group Innovation Team at SherwinWilliams.

Treasurer – Hui Ye, Medtronic Dr. Hui Ye is Senior Principal Scientist at Medtronic Energy and Component Center. He completed a PhD in Material Science and Engineering at Rutgers University with Dr. John Xu. Dr. Ye joined Laird Technologies as Staff Scientist in 2007, working on electromagnetic interference solution materials. In 2010, he joined the R&T group of Medtronic Energy and Component Center focusing on developing advanced Li primary batteries and rechargeable Li-ion batteries.

Vice Chair – Vincent Chevrier, Cyclikal and Trion Dr. Vincent Chevrier completed his PhD in Physics at Dalhousie University with Prof. Jeff Dahn, and postdoc at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with Prof. Gerbrand Ceder. He joined 3M in 2010, focusing on the optimization, production, and scale-up of materials for Li-ion batteries. In 2018, he founded a battery research and consulting company, Cyclikal, with Larry Krause. In 2021, Dr. Chevrier also joined Trion as CTO to lead the commercialization of silicon-based materials for Li-ion batteries.

Members at Large Bill Howard, ECS Emeritus Member Dr. Bill Howard has been active in the ECS Twin Cities Section since its inception. The ECS Emeritus Member’s R&D activities included electrochemical devices, fuel cells, and batteries. He has been involved in lithium primary and secondary research for over a half century. He is retired from Medtronic.

The ECS Twin Cities Section held an election to choose 2022 officers and announced the new roster in late April 2022. The section thanks everyone who voted, and especially extends its gratitude to the new officers for serving their section.

Lifeng Dong, Hamline University Dr. Lifeng Dong is the Emma K. and Carl R. N. Malmstrom Endowed Chair in Physics and Chair of the Physics Department at Hamline University. Prof. Dong currently works with his collaborators and The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

SECTION NEWS students to design, synthesize/fabricate, and characterize nanoscale materials and devices (including solar cells, fuel cells, supercapacitors, lithium batteries, field effect transistors, and biosensors) for energy conversion and storage as well as water purification and desalination. Alan Shi, Medtronic Dr. Alan Shi is Senior Principal Materials Engineer and Technical Fellow at Medtronic Neuromodulation. He serves as subject matter expert in electrochemistry, corrosion, electrode safety and performance, and electrode technology to enhance therapy delivery and sensing. He received his PhD in Materials Engineering from the Pennsylvania State University.

Delenn Fingerlow, Sherwin-Williams Delenn Fingerlow is an R&D Chemist focusing on corrosion chemistry for Sherwin-Williams. She graduated with a BS in Chemistry from Chatham University in 2018 and has worked in the field of coatings research ever since. Her research started with the study of photochromic compounds in liquid-crystal monolayers before transferring to electrochemistry when she moved to Minneapolis in 2020. For more information, contact the ECS Twin Cities Section at TwinCitiesECS@gmail.com.

Section Leadership Section Name

Section Chair

Arizona Section

Candace Kay Chan, Chair

Brazil Section

Luis F. P. Dick, Chair

Canada Section

Heather Andreas, Chair

Chile Section

José H. Zagal, Chair

China Section

Yongyao Xia, Chair

Detroit Section

Kris Inman, Chair

Europe Section

Philippe Marcus, Chair

Georgia Section

Open

India Section

Sinthai A. Ilangovan, Chair

Israel Section

Daniel Mandler, Chair

Japan Section

Seiichi Mayazaki, Chair

Korea Section

Won-Sub Yoon, Chair

Mexico Section

Carlos E. Frontana-Vázquez, Chair

Mid-America Section

Andrew J. Wilson, Chair

National Capital Section

Open

New England Section

Sanjeev Mukerjee, Chair

Pacific Northwest Section

Jie Xiao, Chair

Pittsburgh Section

Open

San Francisco Section

Gao Liu, Chair

Singapore Section

Zichuan J. Xu, Chair

Taiwan Section

Chi-Chang Hu, Chair

Texas Section

Jeremy P. Meyers, Chair

Twin Cities Section

Victoria (Vicki) Gelling, Chair

Visit https://www.electrochem.org/sections to learn more about ECS sections, or contact Sandra.Lolic@electrochem.org to become involved.

BENEFITS:

Open New Doors—Join ECS Sections • Global reach • Access to innovative research • Networking and recognition

For more information, contact customerservice@electrochem.org. The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

AWARDS PROGRAM

Awards, Fellowships, Grants The Honors & Awards Program recognizes outstanding technical achievements in electrochemistry and solid state science and technology, and exceptional service to the Society, through ECS Society, Division, Section, and Student Awards. Highlights follow. Visit www.electrochem.org/awards for more information.

Society Awards

Division and Section Awards

The ECS Toyota Young Investigator Fellowship, established in 2015 in partnership with the Toyota Research Institute of North America, encourages young professionals and scholars to pursue research into batteries, fuel cells and hydrogen, and future sustainable technologies. Each year, at least one candidate receives the fellowship restricted grant of no less than US $50,000 to conduct the proposed research within one year, and a one-year complimentary ECS membership. Recipients must present at a Society biannual meeting and publish their research in a relevant ECS journal within 24 months of receiving the award. Materials are due by January 31 of each year.

The Dielectric Science and Technology Division Thomas D. Callinan Award was established in 1967 to encourage excellence in dielectric investigations, the preparation of high-quality science and technology papers and patents, and publication in the Journal of The Electrochemical Society. The award recognizes outstanding contributions to the field of dielectric science and technology. It consists of a framed certificate and US $1,500 prize. Materials are due by August 1, 2022.

The Leadership Circle Awards were established in the fall of 2002 to honor and thank our partners in electrochemistry and solid state science. They are granted in the anniversary year that an institutional member reaches a milestone level. Awardees receive a commemorative plaque and recognition on the ECS website and in Interface magazine. Nominations are not accepted. The Carl Wagner Memorial Award was established in 1980 to recognize mid-career achievement; excellence in research areas of interest of the Society; and significant contributions to the teaching or guidance of students or colleagues in education, industry, or government. The award consists of a framed scroll, sterling medal, complimentary meeting registration for the award recipient and a companion, dinner held in the recipient’s honor during the designated meeting, and ECS Life Membership. Materials are due by October 1, 2022. The Olin Palladium Award was established in 1950 to recognize distinguished contributions to the fields of electrochemical or corrosion science. The award consists of a palladium medal; wall plaque; US $7,500 prize; ECS Life Membership; and complimentary meeting registration. Materials are due by October 1, 2022.

The Electronics and Photonics Division Award was established in 1969 to encourage excellence in electronics research and outstanding technical contributions to the field of electronics science. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,500 prize; and ECS Life Membership or up to US $1,000 in travel expenses. Materials are due by August 1, 2022. The Energy Technology Division Research Award was established in 1992 to encourage excellence in energyrelated research. Awardees receive a framed certificate; US $2,000 prize; and ECS Energy Technology Division membership for the duration of their ECS membership. Materials are due by September 1, 2022. The Energy Technology Division Supramaniam Srinivasan Young Investigator Award was established in 2011 to recognize and reward an outstanding young researcher in the energy technology field. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,000 prize; and complimentary meeting registration. Materials are due by September 1, 2022. The Nanocarbons Division Robert C. Haddon Research Award was established in 2018 to encourage excellence in nanocarbons research and to recognize individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the understanding and applications of carbon materials. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,000 prize; and up to US $1,500 in travel expenses. Materials are due by September 1, 2022. The Corrosion Division H.H. Uhlig Award was established in 1973 to recognize excellence in corrosion research and outstanding technical contributions to the field of corrosion science and technology. The award consists of a scroll and US $1,500 prize. Materials are due by December 15, 2022. The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

AWARDS AWARDS PROGRAM The Corrosion Division Rusty Award for Mid-Career Excellence, established in 2021, recognizes a mid-career scientist or engineer’s achievement and contributions to the field of corrosion science and technology. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,000 prize; complimentary meeting registration; and up to US $1,000 for travel expenses. Materials due by December 15, 2022. Biannual Meeting Travel Grants are awarded at each Society biannual meeting. Many ECS divisions and sections offer travel grants to undergraduates, graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and young professionals and faculty presenting papers at ECS biannual meetings. The awards consist of financial support ranging from complimentary meeting registration to luncheon/ reception tickets, travel support, and more. The divisions and sections maintain different application requirements. 243rd ECS Meeting Travel Grant applications are accepted from December 2, 2022 to February 27, 2023.

Student Awards The Corrosion Division Morris Cohen Graduate Student Award was established in 1991 to recognize and reward outstanding graduate research in the field of corrosion science and/or engineering. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,000 prize; and up to US $1,000 in travel expenses. Materials are due by December 15, 2022. The ECS Korea Section Student Award, established in 2005, recognizes academic accomplishments in any area of science or engineering in which electrochemical and/or solid state science and technology is the central consideration. The award of US $500 is presented at a designated Korea section meeting. The recipient may speak at that meeting on a subject of major interest to him/her in the field of electrochemical and/or solid state science and technology. Materials are due by December 31, 2022. The Energy Technology Division Graduate Student Award sponsored by BioLogic was established in 2012 to recognize and reward promising young engineers and scientists in fields pertaining to this division. The award consists of a framed certificate; US $1,000 prize; complimentary student meeting registration; and complimentary admission to the division’s business meeting. Materials are due by September 1, 2022. The Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering Division H. H. Dow Memorial Student Achievement Award was established in 1990 to recognize promising young engineers and scientists in the field of electrochemical engineering and applied electrochemistry. The award consists of a framed certificate and US $1,000 for expenses associated with the recipient’s education or research project. Materials are due by September 1, 2022.

The Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering Division Student Achievement Award was established in 1989 to recognize promising young engineers and scientists in the field of electrochemical engineering. The award consists of a framed certificate and US $1,000 prize. Materials are due by September 1, 2022. ECS Summer Fellowships, established in 1928, assist students pursuing research from June through August in a field of interest to ECS. Up to four summer fellowships are awarded each year: the Edward G. Weston Fellowship, Joseph W. Richards Fellowship, F. M. Becket Fellowship, and the H. H. Uhlig Fellowship. Recipients receive US $5,000 to support their research and publication of a summary report in the Interface award year’s winter issue. Materials are due by January 15 of each year. The Colin Garfield Fink Fellowship, first awarded in 1962, assists a postdoctoral scientist/researcher pursue research from June through September in a field of interest to the Society. The award consists of US $5,000 and publication of a summary report in the Interface award year’s winter issue. Materials are due by January 15 of each year. ECS General Student Poster Session Awards, established in 1993, acknowledge quality and thoroughness in candidates’ work, the originality and independence of their contributions, significance and timeliness of research results, and depth of understanding of the research topics and their relationship to the Society’s fields of interest. Three awards are given for each Society biannual meeting. First place is US $1,500 cash prize; second place is US $1,000; and third place is US $500. Awardees receive a certificate and announcement accompanying the respective meeting’s “Biannual Meeting Highlights” Interface article. Applicants must submit an abstract to the General Student Poster Session. The 243rd ECS Meeting abstract submission deadline is December 2, 2022. The ECS Outstanding Student Chapter Award (formerly the Gwendolyn B. Wood Section Excellence Award) was established in 2012 to recognize distinguished student chapters that demonstrate active participation in the Society’s technical activities, establish community and outreach activities in the areas of electrochemical and solid state science and engineering education, and create and maintain a robust membership base. The winning Outstanding Student Chapter receives a recognition plaque; US $1,000; and award recognition and chapter group photo in Interface or other electronic communications. Up to two chapters are named Chapters of Excellence and receive recognition certificates and acknowledgement in Interface. Materials are due annually by April 15.

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

NEW MEMBERS ECS is Proud to Announce the Following New Members for January, February, and March 2022 (Members are listed alphabetically by family/last name.)

Members

Rafiq Ahmad, New Delhi, DL, India Siddiq Ali, Fremont, CA, USA Michel Armand, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain Abdelilah Asserghine, Urbana, IL, USA

Claude Gros, Dijon, BorgogneFranche-Comté, France Tarun Grover, Drammen, Buskerud, Norway Santhosh Gundlapally, Westmont, IL, USA

Shoji Hall, Baltimore, MD, USA Ilie Hanzu, Graz, Styria, Austria Hongpeng He, North Haven, CT, USA

Katayun Barmak, Elmsford, NY, I USA Abraham Beyene, Leesburg, VA, Santiago Ibáñez, Mostoles, MAD, Spain USA Mohammad Islam, Oswego, NY, John Borger, Hunt Valley, MD, USA USA Justin Burger, Katy, TX, USA J Benjamin Butz, Siegen, NRW, Bok Jung, Goyang City, Germany Gyeonggi-do, South Korea C Sung Yong Jung, Gwangju, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea Subhananda Chakrabarti, Mumbai, MH, India K Sébastien Côté, Montréal, QC, Won Kim, San Diego, CA, USA Canada Julian Kosacki, Wauwatosa, WI, D USA D Darminto, Surabaya, East Java, Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria Indonesia Piotr de Silva, Kongens Lyngby, Jakub Kupecki, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Sjaelland, Denmark Divyaraj Desai, Annandale, NJ, L USA Daniel Leznoff, Burnaby, BC, E Canada Luis Estudillo-Wong, Ciudad de Yunxiang Lu, Malta, NY, USA México, DF, México M F Daniel Marin Florido, Sonning Common, Oxfordshire, UK Michael Fetcenko, Rochester, Kelley McDonald, Bloomington, MI, USA MN, USA G Dayadeep Monder, Mumbai, MH, India Pablo Garcia-Salaberri, Chelsea Monty-Bromer, Leganés, MAD, Spain Cleveland, OH, USA Jingjie Ge, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Omar Godinez-Brizuela, Trondheim, Trondelag, Norway 54

Thaneer Malai Narayanan, Cupertino, CA, USA Kamonwad Ngamchuea, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand Keiichi Nii, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan

Robert Pattillo, Morris, AL, USA Suraj Persaud, Kingston, ON, Canada Vivek Pisharodi, Chicago, IL, USA Heather Platt, Golden, CO, USA

Gojmir Radica, Split, Croatia, Croatia Ryan Rooney, Painted Post, NY, USA

Hidenori Saito, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Sayyed Hashem Sajjadi, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland Scott Schweiger, Granville, OH, USA Yuanmiao Sun, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Zhenhe Sun, Irvine, CA, USA Paul Sylvester, Denver, CO, USA

Eleni Temeche, Ann Arbor, MI, USA W Ruofan Wang, Natick, MA, USA Jean Weiss, Strasbourg, Grand Est, France Robert Weng, Sunnyvale, CA, USA Fabian Wenger, Göteborg, Vastergotland, Sweden Ashley Willow, Swansea, Wales, UK

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

NEW MEMBERS Syeda Wishal Bokhari, Waterloo, ON, Canada Da-Hai Xia, Tianjin, Tianjin, Toby Bond, Saskatoon, SK, China Canada Aline Bornet, Bern, BE, Z Switzerland Francis Zamborini, Louisville, Mohammad Mahdi KY, USA Boroojerdian, Brights Grove, Yang Zhao, London, ON, Canada ON, Canada Thomas Boulanger, Sherbrooke, Student Members QC, Canada Ben Bowers, London, UK A Emre Boz, Eindhoven, North Hamid Abbasi, Manchester, UK Brabant, Netherlands Zahra Abedi, Edmonton, AB, Logan Brabson, Atlanta, GA, Canada USA Héctor Agudelo Arias, Medellín, David Brown, Berkeley, CA, Antioquia, Colombia USA Amir Hosein Ahmadian Hoseini, Fabian Buchauer, Lyngby, Kelowna, BC, Canada Sjaelland, Denmark Ahmad Al Shboul, Montréal, QC, Canada C Sarat Alabidun, Chelsea, Greater Thomas Cadden, Glasgow, London, UK Lanarkshire, Scotland Md Shafayet Alam, Ruston, LA, Ashley Caiado, Windham, NH, USA USA Abdulrahman Alfaraidi, Allston, Monica Campos Covarrubias, MA, USA Kaunas, Kaunas County, Rashid Al-Heidous, London, UK Lithuania Shayan Angizi, Hamilton, ON, Maria Astrid Campos Mata, Canada Houston, TX, USA Annatoma Arif, El Paso, TX, Ivan Castillo, San Juan, PR, USA USA Utkarsh Chadha, Ahmedabad, Anindityo Arifiadi, Münster, Gujarat, India NRW, Germany Nora Chelfouh, Montréal, QC, Genevieve Asselin, Boston, MA, Canada USA Rasha Atwi, Medford, MA, USA Julia Chung, Goleta, CA, USA Richard Church, Cambridge, Fahmida Azmi, Hamilton, ON, MA, USA Canada Morgan Clark, Ames, IA, USA Gioele Conforto, München, B Bavaria, Germany Malik Babar, Gujrat, Punjab, Jiayao Cui, Edmonton, AB, Pakistan Canada Andrew Baggett, Lubbock, TX, Junyi Cui, London, UK USA Anton Beiersdorfer, Coburg, D Bavaria, Germany Isuri Dammulla, East Lansing, Sasha Berriel, Orlando, FL, USA MI, USA Akash Hari Bharath, Orlando, Maryam Darestani-Farahani, FL, USA Hamilton, ON, Canada Bhuvsmita Bhargava, College Miguel de las Heras, Madrid, Park, MD, USA MAD, Spain Shreyas Bhatt, London, UK Roberta Della Bella, München, Paramita Bhattacharyya, Bavaria, Germany Hamilton, ON, Canada

Wenjing Deng, Edmonton, AB, Canada Jan-carlo Díaz, Querétaro, Querétaro de Arteaga, México Nathaniel Dominique, Mishawaka, IN, USA Sreedhar Doraswamy, Chittoor, AP, India Maria Dresser, Somerville, MA, USA Prashant Dubey, New Delhi, DL, India Axel Durdel, München, Bavaria, Germany

Lara Eggert, Ilmenau, Thuringia, Germany Mohammadali Emadi, Waterloo, ON, Canada

Nadia Farag, Cambridge, England, UK Carolyn Farling, Raleigh, NC, USA Silvia Favero, London, UK Julia Fernández Vidal, Liverpool, Lancashire, UK Alexandros Filippas, Atlanta, GA, USA Matteo Finco, Favaro Veneto, Veneto, Italy Simone Fiorini Granieri, Offagna, Marche, Italy Sean Foradori, Madison, WI, USA Ranon Fuller, Orem, UT, USA

Rachel Gaines, Urbana, IL, USA Stephanie Gao, Toronto, ON, Canada Tanja Geng, Ulm, BW, Germany Ivan Genov, Ilmenau, Thuringia, Germany James Gittins, Cambridge, England, UK Andres O. Godoy, Storrs Mansfield, CT, USA Estefania Godoy-Colín, Ciudad de México, DF, México Jonathan Goetsch, Plainfield, IL, USA Ana Gómez, Lafayette, IN, USA (continued on next page)

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

NEW MEMBERS (continued from previous page)

Jia Guo, London, UK Raghvendra Gupta, New Delhi, DL, India Nataliya Gvozdik, Moscow, Russia

Magdalena Kaliszczak, Nancy, Lorraine, France Vipin Kamboj, Bangalore, KA, India Karthika Kappalakandy Valapil, Warsaw, Warsaw, H Poland Felix Haimerl, Geretsried, Gözde Karaoğlu, Ankara, Bavaria, Germany Ankara, Turkey Soroosh Hakimian, Montréal, Johanna Kauling, Münster, QC, Canada NRW, Germany Daewoo Han, Cincinnati, OH, Ashwinder Kaur, Patiala, PB, USA India Kentaro Hansen, Newark, DE, Ekrupe Kaur, Georgetown, ON, USA Canada Karthikeyan Hariharan, Laura Keane, York, ON, Canada Columbus, OH, USA Tim Kipfer, Garching bei Niamh Hartley, Cambridge, München, Bavaria, Germany England, UK Cyrus Kirwa, Las Cruces, NM, Omar Hassan, Grenoble, USA Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France Bennet Kleinhans, Glassboro, Maren-Kathrin Heubach, Ulm, NJ, USA BW, Germany Dominik Knapic, Linz, Upper Degenhart Hochfilzer, Valby, Austria, Austria Hovedstaden, Denmark John Knox, Acworth, GA, USA Fei Hu, Rochester, NY, USA William Kopcha, Maplewood, Hang Hu, Edmonton, AB, Canada NJ, USA Jonghyun Hyun, Daejeon, Dacheng Kuai, Bryan, TX, USA Chungcheongnam-do, South Eveline Kuhnert, Graz, Styria, Korea Austria H. N. Kumar, Shimoga, KA, J India Cristian Jaimes, Sarnia, ON, Canada L Elżbieta Jarosińska, Warszawa, Karl Larson, Arlington, VA, USA Mazovia, Poland Sima Lashkari, Waterloo, ON, Mohamed Javith S, Canada Thiruppanandal, TN, India Emma Latchem, Cambridge, Ken Jenewein, Erlangen, Bavaria, England, UK Germany Jared Leader, Lancaster, NY, Rui Jia, Flushing, NY, USA USA Yang Jiang, London, UK Yuting Lei, Varennes, QC, Santiago Jimenez, Calgary, AB, Canada Canada Peter Lennartz, Münster, NRW, Philipp Jocher, München, Germany Bavaria, Germany Selma Leonardi, Le Havre, Keyvan Jodeiri Iran, Normandie, France Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, Edwin Leonel, Sarnia, ON, UK Canada Nathan Johnson, Laurel, MD, Katja Li, Lyngby, Sjaelland, USA Denmark Pepe Jordà-Faus, Alicante, VAL, Caiwu Liang, London, UK Spain Dun Lin, Santa Cruz, CA, USA Shuyu Lin, Los Angeles, CA, USA 56

Chang Liu, Kelowna, BC, Canada Qiming Liu, Santa Cruz, CA, USA Dongxun Lyu, Cambridge, England, UK M John MacDonald, Vancouver, BC, Canada Molly MacInnes, Los Alamos, NM, USA Chetna Madan, Mandi, HP, India Anh Mai, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Omar Martínez Mora, Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium Gilberto Martínez-Blanco, Guadalupe, Nuevo León, México Melissa Marx, Westerville, OH, USA Rajan Maurya, Mumbai, MH, India Wojciech Mazurkiewicz, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Sarah McKinney, Lancaster, Lancashire, UK Steven Meikle, Orlando, FL, USA Charlie Meisel, Golden, CO, USA Aaron Melemed, Cambridge, MA, USA Alice Merryweather, Cambridge, England, UK Noufal Merukan Chola, Ahmedabad, GJ, India Elizabeth Miller, Waterloo, ON, Canada Philip Minnmann, Giessen, Hesse, Germany Gowri Mohandass, Potsdam, NY, USA Gerard Montserrat Siso, Göteborg, Vastergotland, Sweden Enzo Moretti, Lyngby, Sjaelland, Denmark Louis Morris, Madison, WI, USA Mohammed Mouhib, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland Zamaan Mukadam, London, UK Vanesa Muñoz Perales, Leganés, MAD, Spain Beth Murdock, Lancaster, England, UK

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

NEW MEMBERS N

Antanas Nacys, Vilnius, Vilnius County, Lithuania Lourdes Navarro Nateras, Querétaro, Querétaro de Arteaga, México Hossein Nemati Bandkohan, Epping, Victoria, Australia

Saikrithika Sairaman, Vellore, TN, India Shivi Saxena, Kalamazoo, MI, USA Markus Schilling, München, Bavaria, Germany Jarom Sederholm, Urbana, IL, USA O Justin Zhu Yeow Seow, Mathilda Ohrelius, Stockholm, Singapore, Singapore, Uppland, Sweden Singapore Samuel Jun Hoong Ong, Christopher Sewell, Atlanta, GA, Singapore, Singapore, USA Singapore Asmita Shah, Calais, Hauts-deFrance, France P Rehan Shahid, Faisalabad, Jui-Yu Pai, Taoyuan, Taoyuan, Punjab, Pakistan Taiwan Sarah Shahub, Plano, TX, USA Kaitlyn Palmer, Springfield, MO, Ankur Sharma, Mumbai, MH, USA India Nigel Patterson, Fredericton, NB, Mohsen Sheikh Zadeh, Sarnia, Canada ON, Canada Daniel Pollack, Cambridge, MA, Javad Shokri, Manchester, USA England, UK Shamim Pourrahimi, Montréal, Mohammadjavad Shokriafra, QC, Canada Manchester, England, UK Rory Powell, Liverpool, Rebecca Shutt, London, UK Lancashire, UK Shashwat Singh, Bangalore, KA, Pablo Prieto-Díaz, Madrid, India MAD, Spain Vipin Singh, Waterloo, ON, Canada Q Piper Smith, Bolingbrook, IL, Yu Qiao, Kgs. Lyngby, Sjaelland, USA Denmark Michael Stamper, Tucson, AZ, Jonathan Quintal, Bolton, ON, USA Canada Grzegorz Stando, Sosnowiec, Silesia, Poland R Nicole Staszak, Darien, IL, USA Niloufar Raeis-Hosseini, James Steele, Cambridge, London, UK England, UK Syed Rafiquddin, Akron, OH, Ruhi Sultana, State College, PA, USA USA Mohamed Raghibi, Grenoble, Mansi Sundriyal, Dehradun, UT, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France India Vahid Ramezankhani, Moscow, T Russia Peter Rand, Denver, CO, USA Vincent Tam, Cleveland, OH, Ewelina Randall, Brooklyn, NY, USA USA Li Tao, Kelowna, BC, Canada Leonhard Reinschlüssel, Riccardo Taormina, Milano, München, Bavaria, Germany Lombardia, Italy Loleth Robinson, New York, NY, Serdar Tekin, Liverpool, USA Lancashire, UK Luis Rodríguez, Sarnia, ON, Daisy Thornton, London, UK Canada The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

Daniel Torres, Brussels, Belgium Romain Tort, London, UK Ouardia Touag, Montréal, QC, Canada Phuc Tu, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan

Nima Valizade, Halifax, NS, Canada Thomas Volta, Lake City, FL, USA W Lucy Walters, Liverpool, Lancashire, UK Jiarui Wang, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Yixian Wang, Austin, TX, USA Yunong Wang, College Station, TX, USA Zhuo Wang, Stillwater, OK, USA Patrick West, Port Jefferson, NY, USA Kristen White, Bloomington, IN, USA Zhenrui Wu, Kelowna, BC, Canada

Dawei Xi, Cambridge, MA, USA Heng Xu, Durham, NC, USA Xi Xu, London, UK Zhixiao Xu, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Yahia Yahia, New Cairo, Giza, Egypt

Muhammad Adeel Zafar, Douglas, Queensland, Australia Hao Zhang, London, UK Rosa Zhang, Berkeley, CA, USA Shumin Zhang, London, ON, Canada Yue Zhang, Kelowna, BC, Canada Feipeng Zhao, London, ON, Canada Bingxin Zhou, Vancouver, BC, Canada Zhixu Zhu, London, UK

NEW MEMBERS New Members by Country

Look who joined ECS in the First Quarter of 2022.

Australia

France

Austria

Germany

Belgium

India

Canada

Indonesia

China

Italy

Colombia

Japan

Croa�a

Lithuania

Denmark

Mexico

Egypt

Netherlands

Australia................... 2 Austria..................... 4 Belgium................... 2 Canada................... 48 China....................... 1 Colombia................. 1 Croatia..................... 1 Denmark.................. 6 Egypt........................ 1 France...................... 7 Germany................ 19 India....................... 18 Indonesia................. 1 Italy.......................... 3 Japan....................... 3 Lithuania.................. 2

Mexico..................... 5 Netherlands.............. 1 Norway..................... 2 Pakistan................... 2 Poland..................... 5 Russia...................... 2 Singapore................ 5 South Korea............. 4 Spain....................... 7 Sweden.................... 3 Switzerland.............. 3 Taiwan...................... 1 Thailand................... 1 Turkey...................... 1 UK.......................... 37 USA..................... 103

Member Anniversaries 2022 It is with great pleasure that we recognize the following ECS members who have reached their 30-, 40-, 50-, and 60-year anniversaries with the Society in 2022. Congratulations to you all!

60 Years

Joseph C. K. Abrahami Dinesh Chandra Gupta Fritz R. Kalhammer Simeon J. Krumbein Henri J. R. Maget John N. Murray J. Paul Pemsler Eddie Tatsu Seo Saulius Simoliunas Melvin Tecotzky

50 Years

Ugo Bertocci Michael S. R. Heynes Horst M. Kasper Han Cheng Kuo

James A. McCafferty Dayaldas T. Meshri Gerald M. Oleszek Paul Stonehart Tsutomu Takamura Jean Vereecken

40 Years

George W. Brutchen Michael K. Carpenter Ronald A. Carpio Ignacio Chi Jean-Pol Dodelet John O. Dukovic Michael D. Evans Wojtek Halliop Leslie Charles Hardy

David Athol Harrington A. Robert Hillman Andrew M. Hoff Brian M. Ikeda Michael J. Kardauskas Claude Lamy Nathan S. Lewis Benjamin R. Mohilef Son Van Nguyen Donald B. Novotny Eugene J. M. O’Sullivan James F. Rusling Paul Scardaville James H. Spreen Robert J. von Gutfeld David John Walton David P. Wilkinson

30 Years In-Tae Bae Bernard Baroux Chris Castledine Emanuel I. Cooper Sorin Cristoloveanu Josef Daniel-Ivad Simon Deleonibus Stojan Djokić John P. Ferraris Toshio Fuchigami Glenn W. Gale Gary E. Gray Daniel Guay Andrew Hamnett Andrew C. Hillier Prashant V. Kamat Patrick J. Kinlen Daniel Lincot José Antonio Medina Vesna Mišković Stanković Sanjeev Mukerjee

John B. Olson Ewa Pater G. K. Surya Prakash Lawrence G. Scanlon Donald M. Schleich Walther Schwarzacher Lawrence Seger Takayuki Shimamune Douglas Schmidt Diane K. Smith Eugene Smotkin Beat P. Steiger Takeshi Suzuki Hitoshi Yashiro Mehmet Suha Yazici Hoydoo You Ji-Guang Zhang Wenlin Zhang

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

STUDENT NEWS Student Chapter News ECS Gebze Technical University Student Chapter The ECS Gebze Technical University (GTU) Student Chapter shifted its focus to online activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, chapter members started an electrochemistry webinar series with presenters from academia and industry. The first event took place on March 8, 2022. The presenter, Dr. Can Sindiraç from Aspilsan Energy, presented “Hydrogen Economy and Clean Hydrogen Solutions of Aspilsan Energy.” The talk focused on the hydrogen road map of countries, studies for 2050 zero emission, and the position of Turkey in the hydrogen economy.

On April 8, 2022, Associate Professor Damla Eroğlu Pala from the Chemical Engineering Department of Boğaziçi University gave the second webinar, “Critical Link Between Cell Design and Performance in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.” She works with her research team in her university lab, the Electrochemical Engineering Research Laboratory.

Dr. Can Sindiraç (Aspilsan Energy) is pictured in a screen capture from the first ECS Gebze Technical University Student Chapter webinar, “Hydrogen Economy and Clean Hydrogen Solutions of Aspilsan Energy.”

Associate Professor Damla Eroğlu Pala (Chemical Engineering Department, Boğaziçi University) pictured in the screen capture from the second ECS Gebze Technical University Student Chapter webinar, “Critical Link Between Cell Design and Performance in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.”

ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter The ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter continues to support its goal to connect students and researchers in the field of electrochemical and solid state science. The chapter held the final event in its Electrochemistry Techniques Workshop Series—which began in November 2021—in which electrochemistry experts delivered virtual workshops on fundamental electrochemistry techniques. Dr. Drew Higgins, Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at McMaster University, hosted the

February 16 workshop. Dr. Higgins’ research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterial catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction and low temperature fuel cells. The session covered the fundamentals of selecting conventional reference electrodes, and choosing and employing reference electrodes for in situ and operando measurements. The event was well-attended, with 84 registrants.

Dr. Drew Higgins’ ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter workshop focused on electrochemistry topics, including reference electrodes.

The ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter received the 2021 ECS Chapter of Excellence Award. Holding the award plaque are 2021 chapter executive team members (from left to right): Moin Ahmed, Treasurer; Gillian Hawes, President; Mariam Gad; Media Manager; and Keith Cleland, Vice President internal.

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The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

STUDENT NEWS (continued from previous page)

Due to COVID-19 restrictions, the chapter only met recently in person. Attendees celebrated the ECS Chapter of Excellence Award received by the chapter at the end of 2021. The chapter thanks ECS for this honor and recognizes the support of their faculty advisors and chapter members. As Secretary Keith Cleland and Vice President Hamed Fathiannasab stepped down from their roles, the chapter leadership changed. After advertising for new open executive team positions, the chapter is excited to welcome Elizabeth Miller as Treasurer; Vipin Singh as Media Manager; and Mohammad Emadi as Outreach Coordinator. Mariam Gad (formerly Media Manager) and Moin Ahmed (formerly Treasurer) have stepped into the roles of Vice President and Secretary, respectively. The new executive team is planning upcoming workshops and seminars for the community. For more information about the ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter, its leadership team, and events, please visit the chapter website.

ECS University of Waterloo Student Chapter 2021 executive team members show off their 2021 ECS Chapter of Excellence Award plaque: (from left to right): Moin Ahmed, Treasurer; Hamed Fathiannasab, Vice President external; Gillian Hawes, President; Mariam Gad, Media Manager

WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU! Send your student chapter news and high resolution photographs to education@electrochem.org www.electrochem.org/student-center

Advertisers Index Bio-Logic.......................................................................... 2

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ECS Transactions 241st ECS Meeting.......................... 46

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Gamry.............................................................................. 11

Scribner Associates........................................................... 1 Wiley............................................................................... 38

The Electrochemical Society Interface • Summer 2022 • www.electrochem.org

ECS INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERS 2022 Leadership Circle Awards Duracell

Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.

Microsoft Corporation

Medallion - 65 years

Gold – 25 years

Bronze – 5 years

BENEFACTOR BioLogic USA/BioLogic SAS (14*) Duracell (65) Gamry Instruments (15) Gelest, Inc. (13) Hydro-Québec (15) Pine Research Instrumentation (16)

SPONSORING BASi (7) Central Electrochemical Research Institute (29) Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah (1) DLR-Institut für Vernetzte Energiesysteme e.V. (14) EL-CELL GmbH (8) Electrosynthesis Company, Inc. (26) Ford Motor Corporation (8) GS Yuasa International Ltd. (42) Honda R&D Co., Ltd. (15) Medtronic Inc. (42) Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (15) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) (3) Panasonic Corporation (27) Permascand AB (19) Plug Power, Inc. (1) Teledyne Energy Systems, Inc. (23) Underwriters Laboratories (1) Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW) (18)

*(years of membership)

PATRON Energizer (77) Faraday Technology, Inc. (16) GE Global Research Center (70) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (18) Scribner Associates, Inc. (26) Toyota Research Institute of North America (14)

SUSTAINING Cummins, Inc (4) General Motors Holdings LLC (70) Giner, Inc./GES (36) Ion Power Inc. (8) Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (10) Los Alamos National Laboratory (14) Metrohm USA, Inc. (9) Microsoft Corporation (5) Occidental Chemical Corporation (80) Sandia National Laboratories (46) Sherwin-Williams (1) Technic, Inc. (26) United Mineral & Chemical Corporation (1) Western Digital GK (8) Westlake (27) Yeager Center for Electrochemical Sciences (24)

Please help us continue the vital work of ECS by joining as an institutional member today. Contact Anna.Olsen@electrochem.org for more information.

03/23/22

ECS, a prestigious nonprofit professional society, has led the world in electrochemistry, solid state science and technology and allied subjects since 1902, providing a rigorous and high-quality home for the whole community.

ECS is dedicated to moving science forward by empowering researchers globally to leave their mark on science. The Society connects a diverse and representative constituency of members and nonmembers to accelerate scientific discovery, facilitate the engagement of an inclusive network, and champion the dissemination of research to support a sustainable future.

For more information on becoming a member, or publishing in ECS publications, visit electrochem.org