Graduate Portfolio

Enrique de Solo Graduate Portfolio

Washington University in St. Louis Masters of Architecture 2011-2013

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“Architects have to stop thinking in terms of buildings only…A true architecture of our time will have to redefine itself and to expand its means. Many areas outside traditional building will enter the realm of architecture, as architecture and “architects” will have to enter new fields. All are architects. Everything is architecture.”

- Hans Hollein 3

Contents Soundscape Station

page 6

page 8

page 18

page 20

page 28

page 30

page 36

page 38

page 48

page 50

page 60

page 61

WashU Degree Project / Spring ‘13 Critic: Kathryn Dean pp 06- 17

Escenario del Barrio

WashU Buenos Aires studio / Fall ‘12 Critic: Fabian Llonch pp 18- 29

Sketchbook

WashU Study Abroad / Fall ‘12

pp 30- 35

Manis Cementum

WashU Digital Fabrication studio / Spring ‘12 Critics: Robert Stuart-Smith & Robert Booth

pp 36- 47

Shanghai Lifespace WashU Studio/ Fall ‘11 Critic: John Hoal

pp 48- 59

Honda

Professional Work/ 2011 Advisor: Jorge Becerra, Arquitecto

pp 60- 65

All is Architecture

WashU Seminar / Spring ‘13 Critics: Igor Marjanovic & Heather Woofter

*not defined

page 66

pp 66- 73

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Place

Introduction

pp 10-15

page 17

pp 22-27

page 29

pp 32-35

page 35

pp 38-45

page 47

pp- 51-57

page 59

pp 62-63

page 65

pp 68-71

page 73

page 67

Body

Conclusion

Resume

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St. Louis, MO

music venues

Delmar

Washu School of Music

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Vintage Vinyl

Market

Chuck Berry Restaurant Chuck Berry Statue

Bouleva

Delmar blvd.

WashU

Forest Par

k

Arch

ard

The Pageant

Delmar Station SITE

Wabash/Delmar Station

What was once a train depot in the early 1920’s will now function as the welcome center to the Delmar loop. The historically significant building will house the entertainment tickets for performances around St. Louis. Much like the tkts in timesquare, this ticket center will attract large crowds lining up to get the best seats for the upcoming shows. Because of its attatchment to the train stop, the ticket center is located in the perfect spot.

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Soundscape Station Enrique de Solo

Term: Degree Project/ Spring 2013 Advisor: Kathryn Dean Location: St. Louis, MO

St. Louis is known for its live music scene and deep musical roots. Thousands of tickets are sold each week for shows at The Pageant, Peabody Opera House, and Fox Theatre. These formal music venues follow the standard archetype; audience and performer, stage and stands.

Soundscape station proposes the idea that the city, the individual, and the performer switch roles throughout the performance.

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d

r

a le m

ar v e ul

bo

d

Capturing the surrounding sounds

link

St. Louis metro

Soundscape

City Sounds

User Sounds

Natural Sounds site analysis

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Bird’s eye

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long section

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Carving Sound

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Iteration #2

Study models

Iteration #1

The station uses parabolic curvature to amplify the sounds of the street musician, the principal player. The informal music venue is a space where one can listen to music in combination with the intermittent trains and the sounds of the city itself. Located on Delmar Boulevard, at the site of the original 1920’s Depot, the train station creates an end to the unfinished Delmar Loop.

CNC-mill

Hydrocal cast

Delmar welcome center

What was once a train depot in the early 1920’s will now function as the welcome center to the Delmar loop. The historically significant building will house the entertainment tickets for performances around St. Louis. Much like the tkts in timesquare, this ticket center will attract large crowds lining up to get the best seats for the upcoming shows. Because of its attatchment to the train stop, the ticket center will recieve large crowds throughout the week.

Hydrocal cast

Thermaform Styrene shell

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section 1- at bridge

section 2- through garden

section 3- through waiting station

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Plan- Street Level

Site Plan

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Buenos Aires, Argentina

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villa 31

49%

Argentina

24%

Paraguay

17%

10%

Bolivia

Peru

Villa 31 is one of the biggest shantytowns in the city of Buenos Aires with around 30,000 inhabitants. 51 percent of villa 31 is made up of immigrants from neighboring countrys. The villa is a melting pot of different cultures all in one small knot within the city of buenos aires. The villa, located at the heart of Buenos Aires’ economic district, demonstrates the clear seperation between the highest and lowest social classes within the city.

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Escenario del barrio Enrique de Solo

Term: Grad 3/ Fall 2012 Advisor: Fabian Llonch Location: Buenos Aires, Argentina

Escuela + teatro/parque

There exists a complex division between Villa 31 and the Recoleta neighborhood. Physically, both neighborhoods are seperated by the half-mile stretch of train tracks.

Socially, there exists both ends of the economic spectrum within a 2 mile radius. Buenos Aires’ richest and poorest live as neighbors in the city.

The new school offers a stage where the varying cultures within villa 31 can come together and express their art, political and social views, and dance.

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Down the streets within the villa

mark the ground

physical model

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planta ubicacion

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Parque

Escuela

diversi贸n

Parque

concepto

Marca del suelo

deportes

Circulaci贸n por aarriba

Circulaci贸n por adentro

Programar la escuela

Crear anfiteatros

Elevar las tribunas

escuela

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Seccion larga

Fachada Norte

Oficina Oficina

Sala de Profesores

Vestibulo

Sala de Conferencia

Oficina

Oficina

Ba単o Hombres Ba単o Mujeres

Aula Aula Aula Aula Aula Aula Especial

planta baja 24

Cuarto Mecanico

Cuarto Mecanico

Sala Multiuso Ba単o Hombres

Ba単o Mujeres

Ba単o Mujeres

Ba単o Hombres Comedor Escolar Almacen de Instrumentos

Salon Multimedia

Biblioteca

Cocina

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5.00 Planta techo

0.00 Planta baja

seccion

6.00 Planta techo

0.00 Planta baja

seccion

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Patrรณn completa

luces, grama, muebles de concreto, aberturas

Patrรณn_luces del exterior

generado por el mapa de la villa 31- espacio libre

Patrรณn_verde en el exterior movimiento por dentro de la escuela

Patrรณn_pavimento del parque movimiento hacia la escuela

Patrรณn_pavimento del parque Red basica- 1x 1 metro

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South America

Brazil, Peru, Uruguay, and Argentina In 3 months, the study abroad program at WashU broadened my knowledge about South America. South America is an interesting continent because of the proximity of one country to the next. Each country I visited had a diverse group of people that expressed themselves differently, they ate different foods, and lived in different ways.

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Sketchbook South America Enrique de Solo

Term: Study Abroad/Fall 2012 Advisor: Fabian Llonch Location: Argentina/Brazil/Peru

Oscar Niemeyer University of Brasilia Brasilia, Brazil

Oscar Niemeyer Church of St. Francis of Assisi Pampulha, Brazil

Oscar Niemeyer& Lucio Costa Three Powers Plaza Brasilia, Brazil

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Oscar Niemeyer Our Lady of Fatima Chapel Brasilia, Brazil

Oscar Niemeyer Catedral do Brasilia Brasilia, Brazil

Oscar Niemeyer Church of St. Francis of Assisi Pampulha, Brazil

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Santiago Calatrava Puente de la mujer Buenos Aires, Argentina

Ciudad de Rosario Rosario, Argentina

Oscar Niemeyer President’s Palace Brasilia, Brazil

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Cidade de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto, Brazil

Rafael Iglesia Altamira Rosario, Argentina

Oscar Niemeyer Catedral do Brasilia Brasilia, Brazil

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Wash U Digital Fabrication Digi Fab The Digital Fabrication studio is a class that focuses on the collaborative nature of a design project. Unlike typical studio projects, this project is designed and ultimately built. A process in which the students take full responsibility from start to finish.

The final model is sited on the western side of the architecture school at Washington University in St. Louis. It is specifically oriented to provide the best views to visitors approaching the building from all angles.

This digital fabrication studio was a collaborative effort with the following individuals: Michael Chung, Guru Liu, Ruogu Liu, Lu Bai, Christopher Quinlan, Chris Moy, Shuang Jiang and David Turner

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plaster positive

1/2� wood dowel

plaster pour point

plaster positive

mdf mold

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Manis Cementum Studio Project

Term: Grad 2/ Spring 2012 Advisor: Robert Booth & Robert Stuart-Smith Location: Wash U.-St. Louis, MO

Manis Cementum explores the possibilities of concrete materials and post-tensioned, compression arch structures. The goal of the studio was to use digital and analog fabrication techniques to create a self-supported sculptural element. Precedents for the project included medieval chain mail, reptilian scales, and various bone structures.

The final form takes on an animalistic shape and is therefore given the scientific classification of Manis Cementum. The word “manis” comes from a genus of animals that are covered with large, triangular scales that overlap each other like tiles on a roof. “Cementum” is a play on the Roman word “caementum,” which means rough cut stone, and in the case of the Manis Cementum, reflects the nature of the materials being used in the project.

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evolution Surface Evolution

The first step in the design process focused on the development of various surfaces and module shapes to find the best technique to use for the full-scale model. By testing different joining strategies and surface manipulations, a working taxonomy of forms and strategies was established.

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1

Piece Evolution es evolution

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2

2

fixed-fixed

fixed-fixed (with shim)

ball-fixed

diagrid

fixed-ball

ball-ball

2

3

3

4

4

ce evolution

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Final Piece

make mdf mold

1

make plywood box

make void formers

apply mold release

pour plaster positive

sand + fill gaps

apply super seal

pour rubber

take box apart

cut out positive

clean mold

apply concrete release

1

40 1

i

insert slot void former

1

fixed-ball

fixed-ball

1

ball-ball

2

3

put box back together

insert cable void former

ball-ball 2

ball-ball

4

pour concrete

wait 6 hours

3

ball-ball

5

take out void formers

wait 6 hours

take out module

put in pool to cure

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Piece Composition

The module itself was carefully designed in order to allow for the greatest range of motion with the fewest number of unique pieces. The final form is comprised of 600 total units with only 3 variations of the unit, making the fabrication of the pieces much simpler. This was important because it allowed for a more standardized and streamlined mold making and concrete casting process, which allowed the studio to stay within its budget and schedule.

In addition to the technical and logistical aspects of the module and form, extensive research was done to find the best concrete mixture to use for the final model. Structural testing helped get the concrete with the best strengthto-weight ratio, and a black concrete pigment was added to achieve the desired aesthetic quality.

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movement +15°

4”

4.5”

0° 0°

-15°

+20°

0°

0°

-20°

+20°

0°

0°

-20°

axon

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module

3/16” 1x19 type 316 stainless steel cable

lifeline stud, 3/16” cable, 1/4-28 x 2-1/4”

lifeline stud, 3/16” cable, 1/4-28 x 7/16”

stud tensioner, 1/4-28 x 1-1/4” x 1/2”, cap

termination stud handy crimp 3/16” cable

5/16” 316 stainless steel large OD flat washer

Stainless Steel Turnbuckle, 1/4-28 x 4-1/2”

stainless steel turnbuckle, 1/4-28 x 2-3/4”

1/4-28 type 316 stainless steel threaded rod

Assembly The assembly of the final model used 14 1/4” steel cables in order to accommodate all of the pieces required to create the overall surface design. These main lines were connected together with another set of cross cables, creating a cable-net structure that would hold the surface together. Stainless steel, marine-grade hardware was used to permanently anchor the cables and modules in place.

Because of the size and weight of the final model, a construction phasing system had to be designed. The project was broken up into separate elements, allowing for a more organized and sequential construction process.

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x

final assembly

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steel cables

560 modules

5’ metal scaffolding

steel cables

10”x2” wood scaffold

Concrete Column

5’ metal scaffolding

Inclined concrete base 2’ Diameter footing

attachment to concrete column/footing

Phase i

zipper- inflection point

10’ metal scaffolding 10”x2” wood scaffold

steel cables

Phase ii

10’ metal scaffolding 10”x2” wood scaffold

steel cables

begin split of the “legs”

Phase iii

10’ metal scaffolding 10”x2” wood scaffold

10”x2” wood scaffold wood table (support for legs) steel cables

final split creates three “legs”

Phase iv

10’ metal scaffolding

wood table (support for legs) twist “leg”

Phase v

finalize three footings

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Shanghai, China

Site

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Shanghai, China

0

10 km

There are 23 million people living in the Shanghai administrative area; 10 million of these people live in the city core. Shanghai proper covers an area of 6,760 square kilometers.The center city covers 660 square kilometers.Over 40% of the city’s population is concentrated in only 10% of the city’s area.. The site is located along the northern edge of the confluence of the Suzhou River and the Huangpu River, approximately 2 kilometers from the Old City. Not much activity occurs along the edge of Suzhou Creek, which is for the most part walled off, and while the stretch of the Huangpu River along the Bund is incredibly lively, there is absolutely no interaction with the river beyond simply looking at it. These underutilized assets are a huge missed opportunity.

The Bund The Shanghai Bund has dozens of historical buildings, lining the Huangpu River, that once housed numerous banks and trading houses from the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Italy, Russia, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and Belgium, as well as the consulates of Russia and Britain, a newspaper, the Shanghai Club and the Masonic Club.

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Shanghai Life Space Enrique de Solo

Term: Grad 1/ Fall 2011 Advisor: John Hoal Location: Shanghai, China

Shanghai is a delta city on the Huangpu River near the mouth of the Yangtze River. The site sits between 3 important bodies of water: the Suzhou Creek, the Huangpu River, and the Hongzhou Creek. Most of the urban fabric ignores the rivers, turning away from the polluted water. The stretch of the site along the Huangpu River sits between two iconic waterfronts: The Bund and Pudong. It is lacking pedestrian access and clear identifyable image for the neighborhood.

n fluidity

Urban fluidity

“street” is created

cate public es along river t and toward the

ic attractors e up interior of n intervention

urban fluidity

new “street” is created

sky lines are ted; residential ine in the city, public skyline is he edge

“new street” created

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urban fluidity

new “street” is created urban fluidity

Allocate public spaces along river front and toward the city

ban fluidity

new “street” is created

Public attractors make up interior of urban intervention

Allocate public spaces along river front and toward the city

w “street” is created

locate public aces along river ont and toward the y

Public attractors make up interior of urban intervention

public spaces- Along city edge and river edge

Two sky lines are created; residential skyline in the city, the public skyline is on the edge

Public attractors make up interior of urban intervention

two sky lines are created: residential skyline in the city, the public skyline is 51 on the edge of the river

CONDITIONS

Urban morphology

park

+

tower

+

split typical tower/ make program flexible

european block make commercial block single entity into commercial attraction

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lilong housing

run public street through lilong

=

Create a new urban condition using urban morphology found within the streets of Shanghai 52

street now becomes the public and private space between the lilongs

home home

visitors

visitors

insert garden

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form changed according to attraction

+ extract homes, leave behind small shops

new ground plane

+ street

park

Combine lilong street with park. remove cars from street

green street now becomes the community space between the lilongs

ground plane

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.9 4.

3.

.8 .6 .9

2. .5

1.

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Outdoor Public Spaces: 1. Amphitheater/plaza 2. Ferry pick-up/drop-off 3. Metro plaza 4. Park Public Attractors: 5. Basketball Arena 6. Mall 7. Performance Theater Residential Life: 8. Hotel tower 9. Residential tower 55

Typical Tower floor plan

Garden Level- Tower plan

Physical model- white chip and plexi

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Tower floor plan- Visitors/Permanent Residents

Tower- Permanent residents/ visitors

Communal space within tower

Shops along “elevated street”

“new street”- elevated public space

Vertical circulation core Performance Complex

Community mall

Basketball arena

Ferry pick-up

Outdoor Plaza

Beginning of the Bund

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Continuing the Bund- From the site, the elevated ground continues the public waterfront,

framing the views of Pudong.

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Puerto Rico

The year I spent in Puerto Rico after undergraduate school offered me the opportunity to become involved with the design decisions of the company.

As an architectural advisor to the CEO of Bella Group, I presented ideas and produced architectural renderings. I also became involved with the construction process of Honda de San Juan dealership.

I worked closely with the architect, Jorge Becerra, and the general contractor, Ricardo de Varona.

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Honda Enrique de Solo

Professional work/2010-2011 Advisor: Arq. Jorge Becerra Location: San Juan, PR

In the 1970’s, Frank Gehry introduced his new line of furniture “easy edges”. The idea was to create a practical yet appealing furniture using cheap, recyclable materials.

Cardboard had been mainly used for storage purposes up until Gehry’s innovative design.

Why do we only see these pieces of furniture in art galleris? Why isnt this way of making being used to help sustain the planet’s resources?

Big corporations like Honda, need to keep developing new ways to promote sustainabiltity and inspire “green” initiatives. They have made progress through their implementation of hybrid cars and alternative fuels. But why not inspire awareness in their buildings as well?

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Adjust the proportions of the Honda “H” and the logo becomes a practical seating device

Frank Gehry- Wiggle chair

The honda chair was fabricated at sign engineering, in San Juan. Although it was originally intended to be made out of cardboard, the clients insisted on it be made of aluminum. e tiles on a roof. “Cementum”

Typical, inexpensive carboard sheets“is a play on

The complete design is finished with Honda blueles

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Honda de San Juan is Puerto Rico’s first LEED designed car dealership. I worked alongside the design and construction team from the beginning to the completion of the project.

Rendering- Rhinoceros, Vray, and photoshop

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Honda de Bayamon is Bella Group’s second LEED building. I was involved with the design phase of the project.

Rendering- Rhinoceros, Vray, and photoshop

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Hans Hollein “Space in Space in Space” The concept for the translucent “body” is derived from Hans Hollein’s case studies, Minimal Environment (1965) and Mobile Office (1969). Hollein suggests a space within a space where man can be connected to the networked city. This was years before mobile communication was developed. In both case studies, man is in a self contained space within the natural environment , within the city (space in space in space).

In Minimal Environment, Hollein proposes a telephone booth as an inhabitable living space. The booth is equipped with machines for physical needs and psychological needs such as sanitary facilities and media entertainment. Hollein saw its potential as a minimal living unit. In Hollein’s proposal for a Mobile Office, he suggests a future where man can travel with his workspace and allows for a constant connection between man and city. Hollein constructed a transparent bubble, suggesting a material-less architecture, creating a clear and direction connection between the body and the city.

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All is Architecture Enrique de Solo & Nash Waters

Term: Seminar/ Spring 2013 Advisors: Igor Marjanovic & Heather Woofter Location: N/A

1/2 scale model Plexi Wire The translucent mannequin is the next iteration based on the ideas of a personalized hyper-connectivity between the human body and its environment.

Each layer of plexi was laser cut using a digitally produced human figure

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The wire serves as a physical connector between each plexi piece.

The wire is also meant to symbolize the various networks functioning within our bodies.

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Human Components

Head

early sketch

Arm

Legs

Torso

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Human body and its connection to the city’s network

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Resume

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Education Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, MO Masters of Architecture, Spring 2013 With Honors

University of Florida Gainesville, FL Bachelor of Arts in Architecture, Spring 2010 Summa Cum Laude

Belen Jesuit Preparatory School Miami, FL Cum Laude- Class of 2005

Experience Digital Fabrication Lab Washington University in St. Louis

Lab Monitor, 2012-2013 Used laser cutting machines to assist students in the fabrication of architectural projects at the Sam Fox School of Architecture.

Kobi Karp Architects Miami, FL

Intern, May 2011- July 2011 Conducted field measurements of current projects for the production of construction documents. Updated AutoCad documents such as floorplans, sections, elevations, and details. Assisted with presentation images using Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator.

Bella International Group San Juan, Puerto Rico

Intern, May 2010-May 2011 Produced presentation images for future facilities such as Honda de San Juan dealership and Honda de Bayamon dealership. 3-d Modeling in Rhinoceros 4.0. Assisted the architect in editing shop drawings for work on site. Responisble for the purchasing/coordinating all new furniture inside Honda de San Juan dealership. Responsible for the production of Honda chairs in the showrooms of future dealers.

Perez and Perez Architects Planners Miami, FL

Intern, May 2007- July-2007 Edited AutoCAD documents such as floorplans, elevations, sections, and wall details. Produced base drawings off of field measurements for renovation projects.

Activities AIAS UF Chapter Gainesville, FL

Treasurer 2008, Vice President 2009 Documented and handled funds. Assisted and helped organize student-run fundraisers and events to establish an architecture student community in Gainesville.

Teacher’s Assistant Gainesville, FL

Design 1 Summer 2009- Advisor: Alfonso Perez-Mendez Design 4 Spring 2010- Advisor: Levent Kara Teaching Assistant for Studio Courses Design 1 and 4. Assisted students with development of studio projects during class hours and after class hours. Studio courses were heavily based on hand-produced drawings and models.

UF Study Abroad Program Guadalajara, Mexico Summer 2009 -Advisor: Alfonso Perez-Mendez

Wash U. Study Abroad Program Buenos Aires, Argentina Fall 2013 - Advisor: Fabian Llonch

Awards

Dean’s List University of Florida 2006-2010

Luminaire Competition University of Florida Merit Award

Honors Society University of Florida Delta Epsilon Iota, Tau Sigma, and Golden Key Honors Society.

Skills

Digital

Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, Rhinoceros 3d, Lasercutting

Manual

Sketching, Model making, Photography, Concrete mold-making and casting

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