Perspective 1 by Editora FTD

SERIES EDITOR

is a course designed for students in the last three years of secondary education. Students at this stage have acquired the fundamental concepts of English, but they need to develop the language they need for the real world. In the future they will use and interact with English in university entrance exams as well as in their future studies and employment. Perspective introduces them to the real English that they will meet there.

Student Book and Workbook Perspective | Student Book and Workbook

For teachers: • Teacher Book with all the Student Book and Workbook pages plus notes for teachers and photocopiable extra reading material; • Developing Exam Skills (with answer key) booklet that prepares students for their university entrance exams; • Audio CD; • LED to be used as a personal digital version of the Teacher Book or as an interactive white board tool with all the teacher and student content plus interactive educational resources; • Access to StandFor Digital for extra resources and support. For students: • Student Book with Workbook combined; • Developing Exam Skills (with answer key) booklet; • Audio CD; • LED to be used as a digital version of the Student Books but with interactive educational resources such as videos, infographics, games, puzzles, and activities; • Access to StandFor Digital for extra resources.

SERIES EDITOR

ISBN 978-85-96-00439-8

CAPA_PERSPECTIVE_LA_V1.indd 1-3

B 1.1 B 1.2 B 2.1 B 2.2

788596 004398

Perspective 1 Perspective 2 Perspective 3

11687421

Nick Bullard

CEFR Levels

Nick Bullard

7/28/16 1:37 PM

SERIES EDITOR

Nick Bullard

Born in London, Nick Bullard has worked in English Language Teaching for many years, first as a teacher and then as an author and developer of teaching materials. He has given methodological talks and conference presentations in more than twenty countries in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa. He lives and works in Oxford.

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Contents / Book 1 Unit

Title

Part

Part B

SPENDING AND SAVING

Part A

MYSELF AND OTHERS

Starter

Learning a Foreign Language

Self-image

Feelings

Text Genre

Workbook Text Genre

• A blog post – The Value of Foreign Languages

• A magazine article – Tips

• Blog post – The selfie • Song – “Selfies”

• A comic strip about selfies

• Letters – a letter from Mark Twain • Dictionary definitions

• Letters – a letter from

Writing Genre

to Learn Portuguese

• Greetings cards

Johnny Cash

Review Units 1 and 2: Vocabulary, Grammar, Self-Assessment, Writing

3 4

Consumerism

Money

• An essay – Is consumerism Contagious? • A movie synopsis – The Bling Ring

• An online article – Buy

• An educational portal – Tips for Teens • An online article – College Education

• A magazine article –

Nothing Day

• Information leaflets

Cupcake Crazy

Review Units 3 and 4: Vocabulary, Grammar, Self-Assessment, Writing

NEWS

Part C

5 6

Heroes

The Media

• A biography – Nelson Mandela • A petition – Nelson Mandela Day

• A biography – Mahatma

• A survey report on media attitudes • An internet guide to school newspapers

• A radio broadcast about

Gandhi

• Letters to the editor

a historic event

Review Units 5 and 6: Vocabulary, Grammar, Self-Assessment, Writing

Part D

RESPECT

7 8

Gender Equality

Bullying

• Advertisements and stereotypes • Infographic – Inequality in the film industry

• An online article –

• A leaflet – Bullying • A website – Pink T-shirt Day

• An interview – Inside the

Stay-at-Home Dads

• A Campaign Poster

Mind of a Bully

Review Units 7 and 8: Vocabulary, Grammar, Self-Assessment, Writing

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Spoken Genre

Social Issues

Grammar Focus

• Interview

• The benefits of language learning

• Present and past tense

• Expressions

• Self-image and daily events

• Present perfect and

with a hyperpolyglot of opinion about selfies

• A book review

• Expressions

• Interviews

• Past perfect

• Handling respect issues around equality and bullying

• Discussions

and presentation about bullying

• Expressing obligation

and impossibility • Quantifiers

• Giving advice: should,

ought to, had better • Third conditional

• Verbs to express

upward and downward trends

• Finance vocabulary

• Word stress

• Reported speech

with students about school newspapers

report about a teacher’s leader

• Been: /bin/ or /bɪn/

first, and second

• International heroes in the news

• Color expressions

• Expressions of feeling

• Conditionals: zero,

about money

• A news

• Present perfect

progressive

• Interviews

– Mandela at the 1995 Rugby World Cup

• Final -ed

simple past

since, for, already, just, yet

• Managing money

Vocabulary Focus

review

• Present perfect with

of opinion about materialism

• A news report

Pronunciation

• Compound adjectives

• News vocabulary

• Can and can’t

• Vocabulary used in

stereotypes

• Campaigning

vocabulary

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Starter Unit Learning a Foreign Language FIRST IMPRESSIONS 1. What is the official language of your country? 2. How important is it to speak English in your country? 3. What other languages do people in your country speak?

Meet the

www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglishteens

The Value of Foreign Languages

Topic

1 Answer the questions with a classmate. 1. Besides your mother tongue, can you speak another language? 2. How well can you speak it? 3. What are the advantages of speaking more than one language? Make a list.

It can help you find a job.

Bethan Morgan Wednesday, 15 May, 2013 – 15:24

2 Read the blog post. Compare your list above to

People often ask me why I chose to study Spanish at University. And I always answer with “why not?” Because I believe that the importance of learning languages is obvious. But since I started learning languages many years ago, I have come to realise that not everybody sees it as clearly, especially those who only speak their own language. Being able to speak a foreign language is one of the most rewarding and enriching skills I have ever been fortunate enough to learn. It has allowed me to travel, meet new people and learn so much more about different cultures and traditions.

the advantages Bethan mentions. Add any new ideas you find in the blog.

Starter Unit

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3 Read the blog post again and write T (True) or F (False).

4. Bethan is currently working as a translator. 5. Knowing another language can be useful in

1. Bethan started studying Spanish one year ago. F 2. Bethan understands other cultures better because she speaks a foreign language.

any career you choose. 6. Learning a new language is always easy in the beginning.

3. She speaks French, Spanish, and English.

4 Match the definitions in the box to the phrasal verbs in the sentences below.

In this way, it has helped me to open my eyes and my mind to everything that is going on in the world, rather than just in the UK. I started learning French at the age of 11 and Spanish at the age of 13. I still study Spanish now, and over this summer I hope to pick up my French again, as I will be teaching both next year. I can’t wait to pass on my passion and knowledge of languages to other people. In my school, learning French was compulsory, which I believe is important as otherwise not many students would have chosen to study it. Spanish was a choice that I made over other subjects based on how much I enjoyed learning French. To this day I am still happy with my decision and hope that in the future more students will make the same choices as I did. Having a second or even a third, fourth or fifth language opens up so many doors for you that it is difficult to see it as anything other than an advantage. For example, in the restaurant I work at, we catered for 80 people from Argentina last week, which meant I could practise my Spanish with native speakers, something which is sometimes difficult to do. My language skills even came in handy when I had to act as a translator between the customers and other staff members. I have recently realised just how much you can do with a language, especially in the world of work. If you ask someone to name the jobs you can do if you speak another language, the ones which always appear are: teacher, translator or interpreter. However, nowadays knowing another language is an advantage in just about any job you can think of. Most businesses will have offices abroad, or will want to do business with other countries, and therefore need people who can communicate in those situations. So it is clear that speaking languages is incredibly useful in all aspects of life, and although it might be difficult to get a grasp of at first, it is always worth it in the end. Comments

transmit

learn, improve

happening

creates a new opportunity

1. Over this summer I hope to pick up my French again. learn, improve 2. I can’t wait to pass on my passion and knowledge of languages to other people. 3. Having a second language opens up so many doors for you that it is difficult to see it as anything other than an advantage.

4. It has helped me to open my eyes and my mind to everything that is going on in the world.

5 Complete the sentences so that they are true for you.

1. I started learning English at the age of . 2. The best way to learn English is to . 3. Since I started learning English, I have realized that . 4. English is useful when I

This text has been used with the permission of the British Council. The author is Bethan Morgan and the text is taken from the British Council website for teenage learners, LearnEnglish Teens: www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglishteens

6 Discuss your answers with your classmates. ➔

Workbook p. 100

Learning a Foreign Language

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Words and

6. Which genre of movies do you like more, suspense

Meanings

or adventure?

3 Discuss the expressions you underlined and

English around the World

circled. What do they mean? Where are they from? Do you use them in your language?

Geographically the most widespread language on Earth is English, and it is second only to Mandarin Chinese in the number of people who speak it. English is the national language of the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. It is one of the two national languages of Canada. It is an official or semi-official language in many former and present British possessions such as South Africa, India, and Hong Kong.

Hot HotTip Tips These words and expressions are called loanwords. They are words and phrases borrowed from other languages and incorporated into English.

Extracted from <http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-9274183/ English-language>. Accessed August 10, 2015.

4 What loanwords are used in your language? Share some examples with the class.

1 Match the words or phrases to the definitions. Use a dictionary if necessary. Then check your answers with a classmate. a. a regional variety of a 1. first language / native language

➔

Listening and

language b. person who speaks a

2. foreign language

c. a language from another country

4. dialect

d. the language people learn from birth

5. second language

2 Read the sentences. Underline the highlighted

expressions you know, and circle the ones you don’t know. 1. I don’t like that newspaper because it’s full of lies and political propaganda. 2. I just called Julia and Mia to tell them bon voyage. They’ll be leaving for Paris soon. 3. I got to Joel’s birthday party really late. That was a serious faux pas. 4. In Miami, we visited several famous barrios and ate some delicious churros. 5. Grace is happy with the status quo. She doesn’t want to change anything.

2. hyperpolyglot

b. person who knows several languages

2 Listen to an interview with a hyperpolyglot.

2. Where is he from?

g. a language people learn language

a. person who is fluent in many different languages

1. How old is Timothy Doner? 3. How many languages does he speak?

after learning their first 7. native speaker

1. polyglot

Answer the questions.

e. distinctive pronunciation f. a country’s legal language

6. accent

Understanding

1 Match the words to the definitions.

language as his/her first language

3. official language

Workbook p. 102

3 Listen again and check the correct alternatives. 1. What are two of the languages Timothy mentions? a. Portuguese and German b. Ancient Greek and Hindi c. French and Spanish 2. What was the first language he learned? a. Arabic b. Mandarin Chinese c. Hebrew

4 Discuss these questions with a classmate. Do you know any polyglots or hyperpolyglots? Who are they?

Starter Unit

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Working with

3 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

Grammar 1

Simple Present and Present Progressive 1 Look at the highlighted words in the sentences

below. After each sentence, write SP for simple present or PP for present progressive. Then complete the Deductions box with simple present or present progressive. SP 1. I always answer with “why not?” 2. It’s clear that speaking languages is incredibly useful in all aspects of life. 3. The writer is learning Spanish at school. 4. She is currently working in a café. 5. Does learning a second language improve your study skills? 6. A person who is studying a second language often learns about the culture of that people, too.

The Value of Learning a Second Language Learning a second language can benefit a person in a number of ways. For instance, a person discovers (discover) the traditions and customs of a different culture. In addition, a (be) exposed to the history and student of a second language famous figures of another country. A student who (learn) a second language must develop the ability to pick up the various sounds of unfamiliar words, understand, and interpret them. This has been shown to improve thinking skills.

Understanding Another Culture [...] A successful course (teach) a student about the culture of the country where the language is spoken. (learn) to speak For instance, a teenager who French should learn about the history of France, its traditions, people, literature, and even its cuisine. By taking a foreign (learn) about a place and its language, a person people as well as the language spoken there.

Deductions

Improves Thinking Skills

1. The is used to talk about actions that are happening in the moment of speaking or in temporary situations.

[...] A student in a foreign language class (see) and hearing a lot of unfamiliar words. Consequently, he or she must use creative thinking skills to put together sentences using unfamiliar vocabulary words. Foreign language students also improve their thinking skills by comparing the words they (learn) with words in their native language. [...]

2. T he is used to speak about habits or actions that happen with regular frequency or things that are generally true.

2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

am learning 1. I (learn) French at school this year, but I also want to study Japanese.

2. “ your sister Portuguese?” “No, she

(speak) .”

3. I (live) in a neighborhood with lots of Latin American immigrants. I (learn) Spanish so I can talk to them.

4. Megan (want) to study in England during high school, but it (be) very expensive.

5. Alan They

6. Haley (read) a lot to practice her Farsi. She (save) money to visit her family in Iran next year.

(talk) to his friend in China. (speak) Mandarin.

Improvements in Academic Performance for Students Studies show that students who take a second language (perform) better on standardized tests compared to students who (not take) a foreign language. [...] The problem solving skills as well as the creative thinking skills developed in a second language course carry over to a student’s other academic work.

Increased Opportunities in the Workforce In today’s globalized business world, it is completely possible that a person working for a company would be required to travel the world to conduct business with people in different countries. Consequently, an employee with knowledge of a second language (add) to his or her value in the workplace. [...]

Makes Learning More Languages Even Easier Learning a second language (take) patience and persistence. [...] Most second language courses (start) with simple vocabulary and move on to more challenging material in a gradual way. [...] Adapted from <www.eslpartyland.com/value-second-language>. Accessed August 10, 2015.

Learning a Foreign Language

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Working with

3 Circle the correct alternatives.

Grammar 2

Simple Past and Past Progressive 1 Check the correct option for the highlighted

words in each sentence. Then circle the correct options in the Deductions box. 1. I started learning French at the age of 11.

Let me tell you a story about high school. I was living / lived in Italy with my family, but I wasn’t speaking / didn’t speak any Italian. I was learning / learned it at school, but I was a beginner. I didn’t have / wasn’t having many friends because of the language. One day, I was walking / walk home when I was seeing / saw a boy from school at the top of a tree. I was trying /

a. simple past

tried to ask him what he did / was doing there, but

b. past progressive

his English was as bad as my Italian. I was leaving /

2. In my school, learning French was compulsory.

left when I finally was understanding / understood:

a. simple past

the neighbor’s watchdog ran / was running in my

b. past progressive

direction. I quickly climbed / was climbing the tree

3. The writer was working at the restaurant when she met a group of Argentinians. a. simple past

and sat with the boy. That day I learned / was learning the importance of speaking the local language.

4 Write questions for the highlighted words.

b. past progressive 4. She translated for staff members while they were serving the Argentinians.

1. He studied Hebrew for his field trip.

Why did he study Hebrew? 2. My grandfather spoke Swahili.

a. simple past b. past progressive

3. I was talking to my friend online.

Deductions 1. The simple past is used to talk about a completed action at a specific time in the past/an ongoing action at a specific time in the past. 2. The past progressive is used to talk about a completed action in a specific time in the past / an ongoing action in a specific time in the past.

2 Write SP for simple past or PP for past progressive.

1. Diego and Caroline met SP ten years ago. 2. While they were dating

, they saved

enough money to buy a house. 3. Lucy got studying

her first job offer while she was in college.

4. Diana was born 5. Mark found

in July. a second job when his wife lost

4. They went to Stockholm. 5. We were practicing for the oral exam yesterday morning.

➔

Spoken

Workbook p. 103

Expression

1 In pairs or small groups, exchange stories about learning a foreign language. Use the questions below to guide you and add some more.

• When did you start learning this language? • Did you choose the language or was it the language taught at school? • Was there a moment when you knew you were making progress? • Do you believe this language will help you in the future? If so, how? • Are you studying this language for a specific purpose?

her job.

Starter Unit

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Part

Myself and Others

Unit 1 Self-image

Unit 2 Feelings

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Self-image

1 FIRST IMPRESSIONS

Match the expressions to their meanings. Do you agree with any of them? 1.

“Clothes make the man.”

2. “You can’t judge a book by its cover.” 3. “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.” a. different people find different things beautiful b. the way you dress reflects the kind of person you are c. you can’t decide if something is good or bad by only looking at the surface of it

Meet the

Topic

1 Answer the questions with a classmate. 1. What is a selfie? 2. Selfie is an abbreviation. What is the original term?

2 Read the blog post and check your answers. 3 Read the blog post again and write T (True) or

F (False). 1. The author, IainG, didn’t like school art class. T 2. Traditionally, the best way to take a selfie was to hide the camera. 3. IainG feels that the best place to take a selfie is in the bathroom. 4. He feels that people don’t trust strangers at tourist attractions. 5. Several important world leaders took a selfie with a man committing suicide. 4 Read the blog post again. Check the correct answers. 1. Selfies are not new. What has changed is… a. the kind of pencils we use. b. the way we create self-portraits. c. only the words used to describe the process. d. the “Word of the Year”. 10

2. The difference between traditional cell phones and phones today is that… a. there are no mirrors on phones today. b. people always look silly in pictures from modern phones. c. today’s phones have cameras in the front and the back. d. you could always see the photographer’s arm with traditional cell phones. 3. IainG feels that… a. passers-by should take pictures of you when you’re riding a bus or train. b. photos in the bathroom look best when you sit on the toilet seat. c. people should be careful at tourist attractions because others could steal their phones. d. the scenery of bathrooms and public transport isn’t great. 4. A recent controversy about selfies happened when… a. a man committed suicide at Nelson Mandela’s funeral. b. a tourist took a selfie with a man who wanted to kill himself on a bridge. c. Nelson Mandela took a selfie with Barack Obama. d. a New York tourist took selfies on the subway.

5 Write (+) if IainG uses the argument for selfies or (–) if he uses it against them.

1. Selfies can look a little silly. – 2. They help us remember significant moments. 3. You can see scenery on buses and in bathrooms. 4. We used to have to use a mirror to take selfies. 5. Cell phones now have two cameras on them. 6. Tourists don’t trust strangers to take pictures of them.

Unit 1

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6 Discuss these questions with a classmate. 1. How often do you take selfies? 2. Are your selfies mostly of your face and your body, or do you like to show where you are and who you are with? 3. When you take selfies, how do you share them? 4. What’s your favorite selfie? 5. Why do you think selfies have become so popular?

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The selfie

Have you ever taken a selfie? What do you think about selfies? Top Posts Graffiti and Street Art — level 1 Valentine's Day Vegetarian UK Politics UK MI6: The British Secret Intelligence Service

Topics: photography internet

photos

mobile phones

7 Comments Share ➔

IainG Wednesday, 11 December, 2013 - 09:14

As many of us carry our cameras or phones almost constantly, one particular style of picture is becoming ever more ubiquitous: the selfie, a photo that you take of yourself. The “selfie” is not new; artists, both amateurs and professionals alike, have always produced self-portraits. Personally I didn’t enjoy art at school (probably because I was never very good at it) but I do remember that we were always drawing pictures of our faces. Nevertheless, I think this shows just how old the self-portrait is. The only thing that has really changed is the technology which we use to create self-portraits. We have gone from pencil to the digital camera. Well, that and the fact that the digital version has now been abbreviated to selfie (a word now so popular that it was named the Oxford English Dictionary Online’s “Word of the Year”). Traditionally, the best way to take a selfie was to stand in front of a mirror. This was fine though it does look a little silly as, no matter how hard you try, you cannot hide the camera. Of course, phones now have cameras on both the back and the front so you don’t need a mirror to guide you. The drawback to this more modern method is that you can usually see the photographer’s arm in the photo. I don’t really understand the attraction of the selfie. Taking a photo of yourself in the bathroom doesn’t provide the best scenery (especially if you forget to put the toilet seat down, gentlemen). At famous tourist attractions, it always saddens me to see people take selfies; travelling on your own is fine, but are you so mistrustful of strangers that you cannot ask a passer-by to take the photo for you? It also seems bizarre when people take photos of themselves on public transport; again, the scenery is not exactly the best. However, there has been a great deal of controversy over the selfie. Recently, one New York tourist took a selfie with a man threatening to commit suicide on the ledge of a bridge behind her; and, even more recently, Barack Obama, along with David Cameron and the Danish Prime Minister, Helle Thorning-Schmidt, took a “group selfie” at Nelson Mandela’s funeral. Wanting to remember significant moments is all very well – but there’s a time and a place, isn’t there? This text has been used with the permission of the British Council. The author is IainG and the text is taken from the British Council website for teenage learners, LearnEnglish Teens: www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglishteens.

Workbook p. 104 Self-image

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Words and

Meanings

1 Work in groups. What do the abbreviations after the hashtags mean? #BFF #picoftheday

#bros #selfie

#OMG #YOLO

3 Fill in the blanks with abbreviations and acronyms from Activities 1 and 2.

The way u present urself online says a lot about who u as a person. Some people r so self-centered they only post . I don’t understand why they do that.

selfies are a way of saving those moments when u were feeling , maybe a time you looked beautiful or when something nice happened. I don’t think they look silly at all.

self-portrait

picture of the day

#selfie 3.

brothers

best friends forever

I think sometimes people worry too much about their image online and forget about their friends .

Selfies and r just a way of expressing urself and ur feelings. I don’t think they r negative – if you know how much to expose, of course.

Sometimes I take selfies just because I want to remember something , like the outfit I was wearing, my hair style, or something.

oh my God

you only live once ➔

2 Match the abbreviations and acronyms to the definitions. 1. l8r

a. in my opinion

2. r

b. laughing out loud

3. u

c. video blog

4. gr8

d. later

5. LOL

e. are

6. IRL

f. in real life

7. vlog

g. you

8. IMO

h. great

Spoken

Workbook p. 106

Expression

1 Work in groups. Make a list of five common

expressions, abbreviations, and acronyms that you use online. 2 Plan a short presentation about your list. Present it to the class, explaining the expressions, what they mean, and when you use them. 3 As a class, compare your presentations. Does everyone use the same expressions and abbreviations? Are there special expressions that only some people use?

Unit 1

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Working with

Text

1 Look at the blog post on page 11 again. Check the features that you can see. comments link



date of posting

images

navigation menus

contact /about me

categories of posts

author

archive

links

Reading Hot TipsTip Pronouns such as it, them, this, and that replace nouns. After using a noun, writers often use pronouns to avoid writing the noun again. A noun can sometimes be more than one word.

header, footer, and content

In the Genre Personal blogs are very varied. They can be restricted to a specific audience (your family and friends, or your school, for example) or they can be public and shared with the world. What connects them is the fact that bloggers are sharing personal experiences and/or opinions about things that engage them. They may be looking to discuss topics, to elicit sympathy from others, or simply to network with people with the same interests.

2 Look at the blog post again. Work in pairs to

discuss this question. What is the blogger’s objective? 3 Complete the table with words from the box. connectivity experiences network

entertain express practice

people to become a published author

with the writer’s experience

hear from people who have had similar

wasn’t very good at it. art 2. The word selfie is now so popular that it was named “Word of the Year”. 3. Traditionally, the best way to take a selfie was to stand in front of a mirror. This was fine though it does look a little silly. 4. A tourist took a selfie with a man threatening to

constantly personally really recently traditionally

1. What kind of words are they? 2. Can they be left out without changing the central meaning of the sentences they are in?

6 Match the adverbs to their function in the context of the blog post.

their agreement

experiences (for example, in or disagreement towards a journal or diary)

1. I didn’t enjoy art at school, probably because I

from the box. Then answer the questions.

What readers want

opinions and

pronouns refer to?

5 Read the blog post again and circle the words

network with other people with the same interests

4 Read the sentences. What do the highlighted

commit suicide behind her.

Personal blogs What the blogger wants

I write a blog about photography. Photography It is one of my favorite topics.

a topic

Based on <http://rightmixtech.com/personal-blog-characteristics-eightfeatures-you-cannot-ignore>. Accessed August 17, 2015.

1. really

a. manner

2. traditionally

b. frequency

3. personally

c. emphasis

4. constantly

d. time

5. recently

e. opinion Self-image

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Working with

3 Circle the correct alternatives.

Grammar

Present Perfect and Simple Past

1. I looked at my friend’s pictures online and I only saw / have seen selfies. 2. I haven’t written / didn’t write a single post yet today. I’ll write something after dinner. 3. When have you bought / did you buy this phone? 4. My parents didn’t take / haven’t taken selfies when they were young. 5. My sister has always written / always wrote with lots of abbreviations. It drives my parents crazy.

4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in

parentheses. 1. I took art lessons. (for three years) I have taken art lessons for three years. 2. Ethan has deleted his account. (last month)

1 Look at the highlighted words in the sentences below. Then complete the Deductions box.

3. They went to Greece. (never)

1. The “selfie” is not new. Artists have always produced self-portraits.

4. My mom has taken away my phone. (last week)

2. Personally I didn’t enjoy art at school (probably because I was never very good at it). 3. The only thing that has really changed is the technology which we use to create self-portraits.

5 Check the correct explanation. 1. I didn’t enjoy art at school because I was very bad at it. a. Correct. The verbs are in the simple past (didn’t enjoy

4. We have gone from pencil to the digital camera.

/ was) because the period of time they refer to is

5. Barack Obama, along with others, took a “group

finished (during the time he was at school). b. Incorrect. The verb should be in the present perfect because we don’t know when the action happened.

selfie” at Nelson Mandela’s funeral.

Deductions 1.

2. I never took a selfie.

Sentences  ,

and

refer to a previous

action that has a connection to the present. 2. 3.

Sentences

and

refer to a completed

a. Correct. The verb is in the simple past because it refers to a completed action. b. Incorrect. The verb should be in the present

action in a specific time in the past.

perfect because it refers to an unfinished

When we talk about a completed action we use the

time (never in my life).

simple past / present perfect tense. 4. When we talk about something that has a connection to the present, we use the simple past / present perfect tense.

3. People have started using their phones to take pictures in the mid-2000s. a. Correct. The verb is in the present perfect because it is an action that continues now. b. Incorrect. The verb should be in the simple past

2 Look at sentences 2 and 5 in Activity 1 and

underline the expressions used to specify the time when the actions happened.

because it refers to a specific time in the past. ➔

Workbook p. 106

Unit 1

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Pronunciation

Practice

For 

Against 

With selfies, I control how I am seen online. When friends take pictures, I can’t control how I look.

People who take lots of selfies are vain. They only take them so that people “like” them.

Selfies are really democratic: you can take them anywhere and at any time.

People are so self-absorbed that they take selfies in inappropriate situations, like funerals!

Your opinion:

Pronunciation of final -ed 3

1 Listen to the pronunciation of these verbs in the simple past form. Practice saying them.

1. stopped t

3. played

5. wanted

2. talked

4. called

6. needed

2 Listen again. What do the -ed endings sound like? Write t, d, or ed. 3 Listen to more verbs in the simple past form. Write them in the correct column. danced kissed tried

decided loved watched

-t

halted promoted worried

-d

-ed

danced

Listening and

Understanding

1 Match the words to the definitions. 1. exposed

2. vain

a. people who feel that they are very attractive b. people who are only worried about themselves and don’t care about others

3. empowering

c. giving control or more power to someone

4. self-absorved

d. show to other people

5. narcissistic

e. extreme interest in your own life and appearance

2 There's a lot of controversy around selfies. Look at the opinions below and add some of your ideas. Use words from Activity 1, if possible.

5-7

3 Listen to some people talking about selfies. Are

any of the opinions similar to yours in Activity 2?

4 Listen again and write Opinion 1, Opinion 2, or Opinion 3.

1. Selfies are the most authentic images in our culture. 2. It's not a problem for this generation only. Every teenager is self-absorbed. 3. Selfies are an extreme form of narcissism created by our digital culture.

5 Discuss these questions with a classmate. 1. Which opinion do you agree with most? 2. Which one do you disagree with most? Self-image

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Further Reading 1 Look at the pictures. Work in pairs to discuss the questions.

1. What do these pictures have in common? 2. What do they say about today’s society?

2 Read the sentences. Check the opinions you agree with. 1. People create an image of themselves online that’s different from real life. 2. Some people would do just about anything to have their fifteen minutes of fame. 3. Some people are famous not because they’re talented but because they know how to manipulate social media. 4. In some cases, people use their self-constructed online image to hurt or attack other people. 5. The media dictates what we should look like. Most people try hard to look that way.

Unit 1

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3 Discuss your answers with a classmate. Think of two examples you have seen for each item. 4 Read the words to the song “Selfies” by Nina Nesbitt. Which of the ideas from Activity 2 do you think are reflected in this song?

Selfies Sitting in my bedroom tonight Thinking of how to change your mind Since you walked out my life again Yeah, So I strike a pose and tilt my chin and hold the light to suit my skin Your favorite t-shirt on again. Counting hours, counting lies Three, two, one, and I smile. Taking pictures of myself, self, self Taking pictures of myself, self, self Guess I’m reaching out to be assured All I wanted was to be adored. Now you’re telling me I’m vain, vain, vain But you don’t feel my pain, pain, pain Facing life upon the shelf, shelf, shelf Taking pictures of myself, self, self.

Taking pictures of myself. I’ll post it up in black and white With a depressing quote on my life So that you see what I’m going through Yeah, This is desperation at its best A conversation to be left But all my pride was burned by you. Counting days, counting takes Three, two, one, I’m awake. Hey, what you looking at? Taking pictures of myself. “Selfies” by Nina Nesbitt, Thom Kirkpatrick, copyright BMG Gold Songs: <www.bmg.com>. Accessed September 17, 2015.

5 Read the words of the song again and write T

3. I’ll post it up in black and white / With a depressing

(True), F (False), or NM (Not mentioned).

quote on my life / So that you see what I’m going

1. This song is about a girl trying to feel better after she

through

breaks up with her boyfriend. 2. The singer isn’t really happy. She pretends she doesn’t feel sad about the break up. 3. She wants to get back together with her boyfriend. 4. The singer thinks she’s vain for taking selfies. 5. The song says that selfies show that you feel confident all the time.

6 Work in pairs to discuss these lines from the song. What does the singer mean?

1. Sitting in my bedroom tonight / Thinking of how to

7 Have you ever seen or done any of the following things on social media? Check all that apply.

1. Sometimes I say I’m out having fun with my friends, but I’m actually home alone. 2. I have tried to get attention from my friends by posting something sad. 3. I feel really happy when my friends comment and share what I post online. 4. I hate it when my friends tag me in an embarrassing picture. 5. I “like” my friends’ selfies even when I think the

change your mind / Since you walked out of my life

pictures are unattractive or portray my friends

again

differently from the way they really are.

2. Guess I’m reaching out to be assured / All I wanted was to be adored

8 Share your answers with a classmate. How are your experiences: similar or different?