International Association of Dental Students T
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August,2017
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N.Cyprus
Country Profile
Final report Live Mouth Smart!
Human Rights: Vaccination of undergraduate dental students
Experience Zhermack internship for IADS students in 2017
Road to dental photography from A to Z
IADS TNT
Dresden Are you ready to be Sherlock Holmes of dentistry ?
Can Bad Oral Hygiene cause Alzheimer?
and more inside...
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Dr. Essam
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alumni in
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IADS
1 A Tooth or a Life ?!
3 APDSA Annual Congress
4 Basic infection prevention practices in dental settings.
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Z-Experience
Road to dental photography.
12.Human Rights:
Zhermack internship for IADS students in 2017.
Hong Kong 2017.
From A to Z.
Vaccination of dental students Need-for-Career Vaccine!
14.IADS STORIES:
18.COUNTRY PROFILE:
22.EN ESPAÑOL:
Prof. Dr. Essam Osman
Northern Cyprus
“Manual de fotografía clínica para el Odontólogo”
Dean of BAU and one of IADS Alumni in 1970s.
where east and west meet !
Dr. Mauricio Montoya.
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TNT 2017 DRESDEN
World Oral Health Day 2017
From the heart of free state of Saxony.
Can Poor Oral Health Lead to Dementia?
Final report.
Live Mouth Smart!
30 Are you ready to be Sherlock Holmes of dentistry ?
Designed by Ahmed Amine GACEM
EDITOR'S WORD Abanob Yosry
Dear valued members of IADS, Together is better, it’s not just a motto or a slogan we have since years. It’s our lifestyle as a large family that extends all over the globe compromising the values from far east Asiapacific region to Chile. Depending on that concept, IADS decided to improve its structure through building up plenary teams in different aspects of work. Obviously and fortunately, Editorial Board of this year is the top among all of IADS teams now. This brand new magazine issue in your hands now could never come like that without the unbelievable passion and extraordinary effort that my heroines and heroes of Editorial Board are doing. This issue is the first one to have dedicated sections for certain topics that had been chosen carefully in order to fulfill message of dental students oldest and largest publication ever. For example, in “IADS stories” section you will read about old but inspirational experience of our alumni. In “Human Rights” section you gonna be following the health and education related human rights issues. Regarding the fact that our members and fellows in South America region are experiencing education system that ultimately designed in Spanish language with rare access to English resources, we are offering them the new Spanish section “IADS en Espanol” My sincere regards, Abanob Yosry
editor@iads-web.org
PREDIDENT’S MESSAGE Dr. Sina Saygili Dear Dental Students, Today we are proud to welcome you in this amazing city, capital of Spain. Madrid will be one of the best adventures so far for IADS family, executive committee can’t wait for this journey as well. I would like to thank to Laura Olivio Guerrero on behalf of Local Organizing Committee to make it possible for students all around the world. Summer of 2013 was unique experience for me and IADS. We accomplished our congress in Istanbul with FDI, students had the chance to explore one of the biggest exhibitions, lectures they attended so far. I was the coordinator of this precious event, and now after 4 years I’m finally finishing my presidency and feeling amazing about this adventure. I had best memories, friendships for live long. IADS grows without slowing down, creates best chances for dental students. Our events for training, voluntary work, prophylaxis events and of course exchanges get more and more rapidly. Hopefully every dental student will know about IADS in near future, our association will keep the flag to be the change in future of dentistry. Our next target have great value, our leadership works for it hard to make it possible. IADS is 66 year old organization, but still our organization stay focused in Europe, Middle East and Asia. Now Africa is attending to Madrid quickly by AfroDSA with most people in IADS history. We are ambitious to make the same for South America in a year term. Supporting IADS will make the world of dentisryt better. Together is better! Hope you enjoy this issue of our magazine, One last big thanks goes to Editorial Board and Abanob “the magical Editor” Best luck to new elected Leadership! Dr. Sina Saygılı
president@iads-web.org
2016/2017 IADS EXCO Sina Saygili
Andrey Baltaev
Predident Country: Turkey University: Istanbul University,Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: president@iads-web.org General Secretary Country: Russian Federation University: Saratov State Medical University IADS e-mail: secretary@iads-web.org
Treasurer Ivo Country: Poland Domagala University: Poznan University of Medical Sciences IADS e-mail: treasurer@iads-web.org
Abanob Yosry
Editor Country: Egypt University: Tanta University,Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: editor@iads-web.org
Lucas Queiroz Caponi
International Exchange Officer Country: Italy University: University “G.D’Annunzio”Chieti IADS e-mail: ieo@iads-web.org
Natália Savková
International Scientific Officer Country: Slovakia University: University of Pavel Jozef Safarik IADS e-mail: iso@iads-web.org
Malek Ghorbel
Immediate Past President Country: Tunisia University: Monstair University,Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: ipp@iads-web.org
CHAIRMEN OF STANDING COMMITTEES Khalida Badawi
Ave Põld
Chairman of the Training Committee Country: Sudan University: Khartoum University, Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: training@iads-web.org Chairman of the Prophylaxis Committee Country: Estonia University: University of Tartu, Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: prophylaxis@iads-web.org
Deema Raslan
Chairman of the Voluntary Work Committee Country: UAE University: University Of Sharjah, Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: voluntary@iads-web.org
Rabee Toma
Chairman of the Committee on Recruiting New Members Country: Palestine University: Al-Quds University, Faculty of Dentistry IADS e-mail: recruitment@iads-web.org
Karolina Klis
Chairman of the Fundraising Committee Country: Poland University: Jagiellonian University IADS e-mail: iadsfundraising@iads-web.org
REGIONAL DIRECTORS Laura Olivo Guerrero Regional Director of Europe Country: Spain
Tan Sze Hao Regional Director of Asia-Pacific Country: Malaysia
Shayan Darvish Regional Director of the Middle East Country: Iran
Shayma Karray Regional Director of Africa Country: Tunisia
Fernando Fuentes González Regional Director of America Country: Chile
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A tooth or a l fe ?!
The utmost crucial principle in dentistry is comprehensive dental treatment planning, yet as we all know it, it is sufficiently troublesome whether for a junior dental student or an experienced specialist. This process depends on multiple factors; including the patient’s needs, wants, financial ability, time constraint, the treating dentist’s and dental technician’s skills and capabilities as well as the availability of the various materials and latest equipment.
machine. In other words, we need to be aware of which materials we choose to use, cause distortion and artefacts or even dislodge (causing traumas) during taking a head, back or a leg MRI or CT radiograph that might be a valuable life-saving procedure for the patient, in the present or near future, the least. The powerful magnetic fields used for obtaining such images, can be up to ten thousand times more powerful compared to the magnetic force of the earth. How then can it not affect the choice of metal we choose to permanently insert into our patients’ mouths. This interaction, as presumed, cannot be constructive in any formation. The damage ranges from; losing vital information by resulting disappearance or distortion of the image, also known as artefacts; causing a sudden pulling movement of any ferromagnetic object and therefore a possible risk to the patient or anyone in the path of the flying object, also known as ‘projectile’ accidents; heating of the prosthesis resulting in tissue injury or failure of prosthesis such as failure of overdenture magnets and deflection of orthodontic wires.
Not to complicate the procedure even further when we are still undergraduates (or perhaps postgraduates even), we probably do not hear of the critical role of medical radiology in determining our treatment course. However, during working out our treatment plan puzzle, we need to be aware and train ourselves to work it outside-in, literally! Maybe look for a displaced hip that will undergo surgery soon, a disc surgery that needs follow-up appointments in a year or two, stubborn cancer cells, etc. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computer Topography (CT) scans have recently become common and important life-saving diagnostic tools, and as dentists we should be aware of the interactions between the various restorative dental materials and the different technical factors used by an MRI or a CT scan
A ‘simple’ MRI/CT image does indeed require prior removal of an orthodontic bonded retainer to avoid any voids that have no anatomic basis, since it is the 1
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most common harm. The size, shape and position of the metal prosthetic material affect the size of the artefact; the orientation during imaging, ring-shaped attachments and the larger size of the material, cause greater artefacts.
Distortion in MRI (30%) is much less than distortion in CT scans (93%). The fortunate news that associates these statistical numbers is that MRI is thought to be more useful than CT in diagnosing soft tissue and blood flow. Nevertheless; many invitro studies about those interactions are still necessary to help dental materials manufacturers and developers to produce materials which can cause less artefacts in MRI and CT images and dental undergraduate curricula should include interactions, safety measures and the magnetic property of various dental materials, and more case documentations are required, because even though accidents in the US have risen over 500% from 2000 to 2009, most of which were not reported.
When planning for complete dentures with metal denture bases, orthodontic brackets and wires, crowns, fixed partial dentures, cast partial dentures, implants and magnets in overdentures and magnetic keepers, choice of metal can be of great significance, as explained in table (1) that sorts types of metals into different degrees of distortion, all the way from ‘No Artefact’ to ‘Severe Artefact’. ta
Our job as dentists is not merely a duty, but a highly sacred equation that must always end up towards the benefit of the patient. Taking your time in examination, diagnosis and treatment planning and working alongside a team of medical and dental specialists might appear to be timeconsuming at the beginning but will surely save you lots of precious time, unnecessary cost as well as a pleasing reputation at the end. After all, which is more important; a PFM crown or your patient’s hip, bone marrow or life?!
table (1)
References:
1. http://www.dentistryiq.com/articles/2012/03/comprehensive-treatment-planning-a-core-principle-in-dentistry.html 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3722691/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22384071 By Alakyaz Assoudrian.
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APDSA Annual Congress 2017
Hong Kong
This year approximately 300 participants from all over Asia Pacific region attended the congress in Hong Kong by the APDSA (Asia Pacific Dental Student Association) which was held from 1stAugust to 5thAugust 2017. Fouad and I were fortunate and delighted to attend the congress as representatives from IADS. The purpose of the congress was not only to provide a common ground for dental students to exchange opinion, perspective and knowledge, but a platform where students could seize the golden opportunity to widen their horizon and learn from outstanding professional dentists who had years of experience in dentistry. From a series of lecture classes which was tailored to suit every student, excellent ‘hands on’ techniques, grand tour around the city, to tasting the best local cuisine which the city could offer, the students were bedazzled by Hong Kong’s mesmerizing night scenery and a unique opportunity for great learning. In addition, we were honored to meet Dr. Nikos Matteos, one of our ex IADS member from the 90’s, who shared his invaluable experience with IADS and how it molded him into a great dentist. Dr Nikos Matteos was a very kind and professional in giving us a tour of the University of Hong Kong. Lastly, I would like to express my deepest and most sincere gratitude to the APDSA for their dedication and hard work in organizing this wonderful student congress and making it a great success. I believe everyone will be looking forward to our upcoming collaborating projects between APDSA and IADS.
by TAN SZE HAO @ Eddie IADS regional director for Asia Pacific 2016/2017.
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BASIC INFECTI PRACTICES IN Infection transmission among patients and the various dental health care personnel is rare however; studies conducted from 2003 to 2015 have shown transmission of infection including patient to patient transmission. Transmission of infection occurs due to unsafe injection practices, failure to properly heat sterilize dental handpieces and other dental instruments and failure to monitor the sterilizers. These studies have thereby emphasized on the importance of learning about infection control, its implementation and the recommended practices which are required to minimize the transmission of infection. It is recommended that all dental settings should make infection control a top priority and should at least be equipped with resources to observe the Standard Precautions.
Standard Precautions Standard Precautions are the minimum infection prevention practices that apply to patient care regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status in any patient, in any setting where health care is delivered. These include: 1. Hand Hygiene Hands are to be washed with soap and water or an alcohol rub before and after treating each patient (before putting on and after removing gloves). They are also washed after being visibly soiled or after bare hand touching of instruments and equipment which are likely to be contaminated. 2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) All dental settings should be equipped with sufficient PPE. Protective clothing should be worn with protection for mouth, nose and eyes. A new pair of gloves should be worn for every new patient. PPE should be removed before leaving the work area. 3. Respiratory Hygiene / cough etiquette The dental healthcare personnel should be educated to prevent the spread of respiratory pathogens when caring for symptomatic patients. Signs printed with instructions for symptomatic patients should be posted at entrances to dental offices and clinics. 4. Sharps safety Sharp items contaminated with blood and saliva should be considered potentially infective and are to be placed in a puncture resistant bag which is to be disposed properly. It is recommended not to recap dental syringes using both hands; either single handed scoop technique or a mechanical device should be used. 4
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ION PREVENTION DENTAL SETTINGS 5. Safe injection practices Injections are to be prepared using aseptic technique in a clean area. The rubber septum of the cartridge should be disinfected before piercing. The same needle or syringe should not be used for more than one patient. 6. Sterilization and disinfection of patient care items and devices Cleaning of instruments by hand or using ultrasonic cleaners should be done before disinfection or sterilization. After cleaning, dried instruments should be inspected, wrapped and placed into sterilizers. Spore tests should be conducted weekly to monitor the efficacy of the sterilizers. Personal Protective equipment should be worn while cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing instruments. 7. Environmental infection prevention and control FDA approved barriers should be placed on surfaces like switches on dental chairs and computer equipment and these are to be changed for every patient. Surfaces which are not barrier protected are to be disinfected using EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) registered disinfectants. Apart from the Standard Precautions, the dental unit water quality needs to be monitored too. Water that meets EPS regulatory standard for drinking water (less than 500 cfu/ml of heterotrophic water bacteria) should be used. For surgical procedures, sterile saline should be used. Other than this, there should be an infection prevention coordinator assigned, who should ensure the availability of supplies and should develop written policies and procedures on infection control based on the guidelines recommended by the CDC. All of the dental healthcare personnel including hygienists, assistants and clerks should be properly educated, trained regularly and their training records should be maintained. Immunization for Hepatitis B, Varicella, MMR and Tdap and screening for TB should be done for all dental health care personnel. In case of exposure, referral to quality health care professionals should be in place. Lastly, evaluation of the entire infection prevention program should be done on a routine basis to improve the protocols of dental practice.
References:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Summary of Infection Prevention Practices in Dental Settings: Basic Expectations for Safe Care. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Oral Health; March 2016. By Anna Fakhar.
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Experience Impressed by impressions from Zhermack!! Meeting the first night in Venice, soaking the sun rays, eating spaghetti Bolognese and degustating wine, simply enjoying the Italian atmosphere at its finest. This is how it looked like during the first night of Zhermack experience.
But how did it all begin? Nicholas D. Charles (professional service manager of Zhermack) explains: “During FDI Poznan in 2016, I had a chance to meet the President of IADS, Dr. Sina Saygili. That meeting resulted in the collaboration between Zhermack and IADS, which goes beyond mere sponsorship, on to becoming a true experience for the students. Therefore, we decided to invite them here for an experience they would never forget.’’ 6
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On the 18th & 19th of May 2017, 19 dental students from 9 different countries and 3 different continents participated in Zhermack experience which took place in the Zhermack headquarters located 101 km from Venice, 80 km from Bologna and 61 km from Verona, Italy.
the amazing finish lines in the impression taken with a 2 step technique by heavy body and light body.’ He then added: “Beside the scientific part I got to see new people, make new friends and that is what I love most about IADS. In these programs, not only will you build your scientific knowledge but you will build and improve your personality which I recommend to any dental student since we are to become dentists and we should be multifunctional.’ Raluca Manea from Romania, on the other hand, found the disinfection process interesting, because, in her words “You don’t really realize the importance of the simplest things, such as disinfecting impressions.’’ “From now on, Zhermack will be my first choice when it comes to impression materials!’’ confirmed Cristiana Pascale from Romania.
“An
experience they would never forget!” Theoretical courses, hands-on courses and great social events resulted in positive feedback from our students. One of the participating students, Lim Pofong from Cambodia said: “We were also learning about how a product is brought to life and this is something that you can’t learn from books.’’ He then added that, the long flight was definitely worth the experience! Sean Darvish, from Iran, our director of the Middle-East region, said: “I am extremely happy to have participated in this program and I am glad that IADS gave me this opportunity. We saw from what the products are made, how they are made, how they are diluted, how they are packed and we used it our selves so you can say we learned everything about them A to Z. We even got to know different impression techniques. Look at
And Veronika Vasileva from Bulgaria learned that “Every job starts with a good impression!” I consider it a very successful event, from both sides, that will hopefully be repeated very soon! CIAO!
By Natália Savková -International Scientific Officer- 2016/2017.
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The amazing speed technology is developing nowadays which transforms us to probably the most blessed generation that has ever lived. We are surrounded by an incredible amount of information we can reach within seconds. Dentistry has never had so many great tools at hand to offer and we as future dentists are compelled by all these to step into this bright arena and treat our patients in a way they have never been treated before. In order to accomplish this, dental photography appears to be one of the very first pieces of the puzzle.
LIGHTS PLEASE! s. Light istinguish object Light helps us d ll shadf it, which we ca and the lack o objects s that dress the ne o e th re a , w o , width ents like length rm a g fic ci e sp with rvelous crafting the ma and depth thus So it besurrounds us.(2) 3D reality that conear that the first cl l ta ys cr s e m co raphy is light. cern in photog
THE CAMERA There are a lot of ca meras and we can circle around this topic fo r hours but for the pu rp ose of professional dent al photography a di gi tal SLR camera kit is a m ust. By kit we underst and a special flash (ring flash is usually the m ost used in dentistry and a micro lens). Besides this there are a lot of se ttings which are impo rtant but first of all, we wi ll be looking at thos e basic three settings on alm ost every camera in the world which have to do with...you guesse dlight : shutter speed, aperture, ISO. Oh, sorry! Did I say ba sic? These three are also known as the “Kings of Photography “bec au se together they build what is known as th e exposure triangle. (4)
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Aperture . Simply put, aperture is a hole within a lens The Through this hole, light enters the camera. ular circ a by ed troll diameter of this hole is con ” ratio al “foc diaphragm and we call it “f” (from rture - the ratio of the diameter of the lens ape to the length of the lens). (6) ber In this situation though, the bigger the num less (e.g. f20, f22, f26) the smaller the aperture (f2.8, light enters and the smaller the number How . light e mor f4) the bigger the aperture also It . ever, aperture role doesn’t end here distance controls the depth of field which is the object est farth the between the nearest and for this And p. in the photo which appears shar er the matter the smaller the aperture the larg depth of field.(8) in Important! In dental photography, we are the desperate need of depth of field. From central incisor all the way back to the third we molar (whenever the patient has one) e its serv need clarity. If not, the picture doesn’t be set purpose. That means that the “f” should choice higher than 20. Generally speaking, the (9) tly. is f22, but it can vary sligh h This means small aperture, not that muc , space for light to enter (we have the flash nEsse s. focu of don’t forget) but a lot of depth tial!
Shutter speed This setting determines for how long the shutter of the camera will stay open which translates into how much time the light will have to enter and hit the sensor of the camera. And we calculate this time as parts of a second for e.g. 1/200th of a second, 1/1000, 1/2000. Why is this important? Well it goes like this: a low shutter speed (1/20s) means more time, which means more light, which also means useful when the photo is taken in dim light conditions or night photography. However, it can also mean that your subject can move during this longer period of time and your picture will be blurred. The opposite of it, high shutter speed, less time for the light to hit the sensor, requires bright light and regarding movement, it is incredibly useful for sports photography because it freezes motion. Important! In terms of dental photography the shutter speed is generally set at 1/200s because this is the time the flash is lit and we want to capture all that light and nothing more.(5)
ISO ISO tells how sensitiv e your camera is to light. The higher the numbe r, the higher the sens itivity (e.g. of ISO 100, 20 0, 400, 1000). Why bo ther anymore? It seems that the previous tw o are doing enough alread y. Well, let’s assume that you are shootin g a sports scene an d you need narrow apertu re for depth and fast shutter speed to freeze motion but there sim ply isn’t enough light to take the shoot. ISO is your friend in need, beca use it increases your camera sensitivity to the available light. Not so fast! ISO has its tricks too. It is responsible for th e grainy/sandy aspect s of pictures. The hig her the ISO, the poor th e quality of the imag e. (10) Important! In Dentist ry, we want qualitativ e pictures and becaus e we have a flash an d we can create perfect timing between our flash and the opening of the shutter we have the light part sort out. No w we can focus on qu ality so we will choose a small ISO - 100, may be 200 in some cameras.
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THE PATIENT ic Denademy of Cosmet The American Ac t sugen official docum tistry has issued an s dental photograph gesting a series of ml in achieving a co fu lp he ry ve e ar which es. Of for esthetic purpos plete approach one can g on the situation, in nd pe de se ur co es, but nt angles or fram re ffe di d ad s ay alw int for this as a starting po we recommend umentahotographic Doc your practice: “P tistry n in Cosmetic Den tio ua al Ev d an n – tio tion photography” ita ed cr ac to e id – A gu AACD.(11) cover es of interest which m fra 12 e ar e er Th hands since we got our d An ls. ia nt se es the from tions, Dr. Ian Cline on recommenda so al marvelous work London has done art of regulations “The D C AA on d se ba he puts ography” where digital dental phot single y that explain ever together pictures issue. (12)
Pause button far th you. We have so I must be honest wi raphy e surface of photog merely scratched th long, ll e road ahead is sti but even though th this d set. Before writing the course is right an ing was constantly popp article, a question nt de stu w can a dental up in my mind: ho us ca e this technology, be have access to all m line pensive! The botto ex s it’ it, ce fa t’s le t will no other equipmen is, I realized that you , se nditions. Of cour give you perfect co flash al camera with its can try using a norm the t the results can’t be and normal lens bu e. pl sim is e flash, the issue same. Regarding th ly on give you light from A Normal flash will light a ring flash will give one direction while that re su the lens, making 360 degrees around e to be found. (14) shadows are nowher at ve to keep in mind th About the lens, you ha
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raphy y is portrait photog dental photograph the ve quality you need hie ac to r de or in d an that ly close, something ability to focus real offer. normal lenses won’t th ons you can’t start wi Now if for some reas with me tips you can use a full kit there are so in a) er m n off the shelf ca a normal camera (a at th me inconveniences order to eliminate so uch s and shadows as m ht lig th wi tly os m al de as possible. (15) l in retraction is essentia • For anterior view, lip r . adow from the uppe order to avoid the sh in a , orient the camera • For lateral views at th so e) ad of landscap portrait position (inste th the back of the mou the light may reach e pecially the upper on • For the arches, es e sid up a er to hold the cam a trick you can try is s. inate the shadow down in order to elim
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THE OUTCOME After all this talking, we have finally arrived at the point where we let the big boys take over. We have picked randomly some example s of what can be achieved if this thing is taken seriously and passionately. Grea t thanks to Dr. Masoud Abu Zant, CEO and owner at Denti Pro. His generosity allowed us to bring gifts. Let’s unwrap the boxes... Oh and by the way, you mu st download Denti pro app (denti-pro. software). It is totally free and has a tremendous amount of useful inform ation. It will inspire you and change the wa y you saw dental photography so far.
es ch a te t a th t en m ru st in n a is a The camer people how to see without a camera.
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References : 1. Denti-Pro. Denti-Photography. Available from : http://denti-pro.photography/ [accessed July 2017] 2. Aschheim KW. Esthetic Dentistry A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials. 3rd ed. Mosby, Elsevier. 2015 3. Mike Sharland. Dental photography kit. Available from : http://www.dentalphotographyinpractice.com/ [ accessed July 2017] 4. Nasim Mansurov. Understanding ISO, Shutter speed and Aperture – a beginner’s guide. Available from : https:// photographylife.com/iso-shutter-speed-and-aperture-for-beginners [accessed July 2017] 5. University of Birmingham. Improving your image. Available from : https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/dentalphotography-in-practice [accesed July 2017] 6. Nasim Mansurov. Understanding ISO, Shutter speed and Aperture – a beginner’s guide. Available from : https:// photographylife.com/iso-shutter-speed-and-aperture-for-beginners [accessed July 2017] 7. Joshua Dunlop. How to understand aperture in 5 simple steps. Available from : https://expertphotography.com/ how-to-understand-aperture-5-simple-steps/ [accessed July 2017] 8. University of Birmingham. Improving your image. Available from : https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/dentalphotography-in-practice [accesed July 2017] 9. Ibid. 10. Bengel Wolfgang. Mastering Digital Dental Photography. Quintessence Publishing. 2006 11. American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry. A guide to accreditation photography. Available from: https://www. aacd.com/proxy/files/Students%20and%20Faculty/AACD_2013_Photo_Guide(1).pdf [accessed July 2017] 12. Ian Cline. The art of digital dental photography. Available from : http://www.photographyfordentists.com/ resources/digital-dental-photography-handout.pdf [accessed July 2017] 13. Pavol Janovicek. High speed photography – the frozen motion. Available from : http://www.cruzine. com/2010/08/03/high-speed-photography/ [accessed July 2017] 14. Tony Soileau. Flash systems for dental photography. Available from : http://www.dentaleconomics.com/ articles/print/volume-95/issue-6/columns/the-world-of-digital-dentistry/flash-systems-for-dental-photography.html [accessed July 2017] 15. University of Birmingham. Improving your image. Available from : https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/dentalphotography-in-practice [accesed July 2017] 16. Denti-Pro. Denti-Photography. Available from : http://denti-pro.photography/ [accessed July 2017] 17. Ibid. 18. Denti-Pro. Photography tips 2017. Available from : http://magazine.dental/#DentiPro-df_17473/1/ [ accessed July 2017] 19. Miguel Stanley. Life changing dentistry. Available from : http://whiteclinic.pt/en/ [accessed July 2017] By Adelin Radu.
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At a time when Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is still a public problem across the globe, with more than one third of the world’s population being infected, timely vaccination of preclinical dental students against this careerthreatening and potentially life-threatening disease remains a right, rather than just a privilege.
Need-for-Career Vaccine!
A right, rather than just a privilege! Hepatitis B is a virus that infects, either temporarily or permanently, the liver; one of the vital organs necessary to maintain life, thus causing flu-like symptoms and jaundice due to irreversible liver damage -whether partial cirrhosis or all the way to liver cancer in case of lifelong Hepatitis B infection. Licensed in 1986, Hepatitis B vaccination was made available from recombinant DNA and was introduced into the market to protect
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against the disease in newborn children and unvaccinated at-risk adults; including health care and public safety workers at risk of exposure to blood or bodily fluids. The vaccine is usually given as three or four shots over a seven-month period, and a booster is recommended every ten years. Fulltime dentistry is no exception to this list of at-risk adults. On the contrary, the dental occupation is at the top of the most hazardous jobs’ list, according to Business Insider, as there is constant exposure to contaminants as well as infections and diseases, including HBV. The prevalence of HBV infection is therefore higher among dentists than the general population, especially among those who have surgical specialties.
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“Dental occupation at the top of the most hazardous job’s list” – Business Insider This occupational risk of HBV infection, varying between 6% and 30%, is mainly caused by contaminated blood transmission through accidental needle stick injuries, which are highest among first year clinical students due to their lack of experience in handling the sharp instruments. Other routes of infection include saliva and crevicular fluid scattering.
Non-fulfilment of strict and prompt vaccination - a violation of human rights
Just like students have the right to be informed about every single aspect related to their degree and career, they also have the right to know about the individual protection measures against deadly diseases that come with their profession, in the same package.
being able to pursue higher education by failing to provide Hepatitis B infection clearance; and last but not least, violating the right to work by not being able to provide the same HBV clearance to obtain their work permit, after investing five years in pursuing their bachelor’s degrees.
Non-fulfilment of strict and prompt vaccination policies for dental students by universities, hospitals and ministries of health is a violation of not only the right to information, but also the rights to health, life, education, and work – altogether, violation of five human rights.
Notably, being grouped under the human rights umbrella, those rights are special in two main ways. First, every human being and consequently every dental student is entitled to those rights; second, asking for those rights does not require an obligation in return, making it an easy-winning case for every dental student who is not given his or her need-for-career vaccine around the world.
Violating the right to information by not providing necessary information related to the wellbeing of the students; therefore, violating the right to health by compromising their health status; to the extent of violating the right to life by possibly leading to an earlier loss of life; violating the right to education by not
References: 1. http://www.businessinsider.com/the-most-unhealthy-jobs-in-america-2015-11/#2-flight-attendants-26 2. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1415-790X2012000200009&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en 3. http://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/hepb-guide/hepatitis-b-topic-overview#1 4. http://www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4205.pdf
By Alakyaz Assoudrian.
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Professor Essam Othman A dean, a mentor, a father Dean of BAU and one of IADS Alumni in 1970s We all have this one role model that intimidates us with their every move, someone we aspire to be like, someone in whose footsteps we can follow. For me and a whole bunch of students this person is Professor Essam Othman, our subject for this article. A mentor, a dean, a father all combined still managing to achieve a successful life despite all the burden he’s surrounded with. A man, needless to say, a legend. It was really hard to find the most intriguing questions to ask, even more, decide which ones of them to choose. So, here’s what the interview with Professor Essam came up to.
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• Professor Essam, what does the word professor mean to you? Well, first of all it’s an academic rank, the point where a person reaches the maximum in his career. The maximum comes with the ethics of a professor before the degree, meaning honesty in teaching and the way of acting with students. A lot of people have this rank but not all of them deserve it in my opinion. I’m a very proud man. Not every professor can become a dean, being in the administration is totally different.
“Every promotion came with hard work” • What is the highlight of your career? Academically, being the professor is the end, especially as I reached it at a young age. I’m going on 66 now! I achieved much in my career and every promotion came with hard work, either in the USA university purchasing my degree or with my researches; especially with my award in excellence in dental materials which is my major.
in time, I’d choose dentistry. Back in the time, this career was related to the faculty of medicine which is not something to be ashamed of, especially since it’s still present in Europe in many universities.
“My own mentor is my mother” • Everyone has this special mentor, who was yours? And whom did YOU mentor? Well, I was a mentor for both of my sons both of whom are now dentists. My own mentor is my mother, I lost my father at the age of five so she accompanied me through out everything. Throughout dentistry many of my professors guided me in the department and outside of it. • DSSA, how did it start? How did you activate it? What did you use to do? The association started in Alexandria, I was enrolled in it already after like a year or so since it had started. We were a huge group with huge an efficient start as here in BAU, we began to talk and in mere months it all started. And my advice for LADS, as DSSA which has been for 40 years, keep it up. We attended different countries, but financially it was very cheap, not like nowadays, as I used to travel Europe with 30$ for one week and we used to stay at students’ houses!
• Why did you choose dentistry as a career? Frankly speaking, I was going to choose the faculty of medicine, but my grades led me into dentistry; and if I went back
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stopped in 1994 due to knee problems. In my • How did you meet Dr. Azza your wife? younger years, I used to swim and compete. I met her in the faculty, I’m 3 years ahead I played water polo too but squash was my of her, regardless of IADS, and the she was favorite. Nowadays I walk for 1 hour every involved in the association after that and day when the weather is good. we had activities outside of the universities. Of course, it started as a friendship and by • Do you keep yourself updated? And the end of our undergrad studies everything via what medium? started and we became official when I Yes, for sure, as you see our technology in started my master’s degree. the university, we have everything excellent in here due to keeping up with updates all around. You see how much I go into other universities and I’m very strict about it especially when I invite universities over. As you may also notice in our OSCI exam that we apply exactly like European universities. • What was the most attracting thing to make you choose the university of Genova (Italy) for fellowship? First of all, their fellowship with a wide range of universities, especially with Egypt. I tried to collaborate with European universities but their embassies won’t allow staying • What did/do you do in your free time, for more than 3 days due to the current especially with the little time you country circumstances here in Lebanon and we need them to stay at least 1 month. have? I was always into squash ever since I was Everyone one wants everything to be fast, young. I was always athletic for many years as with the continuing education, which because you know, age has its effect. I gives an advantage for the fellowship.
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“Be open to a wide variety of technology and experience” • Do you advise us to travel and participate in dental conferences? To visit dental schools? You should subscribe in courses especially during vacations maybe for 1-2 weeks. That’s what’s important for you, as a student, to be open to a wide variety of technology and experience.
conscience in the profession, as the ethics comes as more important than the actual work. The attitude controls the dentist’s work with patients. So, according to what I see, the graduates open their clinics immediately, which I don’t recommend because the student must start building his reputation, which starts from day one. Even when the student is qualified, he still needs experience. Without guidance, no one really refers a hard case, so slow down, give it 2-3 years before private practice and stay under GUIDANCE. Number two, go to post grad studies because there’s no way for a dental student in 5 years to become professional, according to professionals all around the world.
• What do you think about Botox and filler work for a dentist? In Lebanon, it’s not allowed. The world is working on it as you know, but all you need is training. Personally, as the results I see, I saw no difference in the situations with before and afters. I’m glad for the restrictions the country provides. • Finally, what do you advise dental students today? My advice would be, to have a
By Zeinab Jaber.
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where east and west meet
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The island of Cyprus is one of the most magical places in the world and North Cyprus is part of this landscape, full of mystery and Mediterranean fragrance. A journey to this most Mediterranean paradise will reward you with glimpses of historical sites which have witnessed a 10,000 year history, an impressive cultural heritage and different glorious treasures of the material world at every season of the year.
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Activities
North Cyprus is ready to offer you something splendid whatever season of the year you come. On the 177 km long Besparmak range, which is home to many wild flowers, including a number of endemic species, you can also find three mountain castles (from west to east, St Hilarion Castle, Buffavento Castle and Kantara Castle).
There is much to do on the Besparmak range of mountains, with its panoramic views, and walking, bird watching and photography are popular. One of the greenest areas, AlevkayasÄą, is the site of the herbarium and definitely worth a visit.
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Near East University
The Near East University, established in 1988, is located in Nicosia, capital of North Cyprus, as an international higher education institution employing highly qualified staff, offers the most extensive undergraduate and postgraduate education opportunities to over 26 thousand students coming from over 100 countries.
Faculty of Dentistry
Since its establishment in the year of 2007, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry has been carrying out its functions effectively at all levels and with the responsibility of being the first and only dentistry faculty of Cyprus that has a strategic location in near east geography. NEU Faculty of Dentistry with its highly trained staff and high-tech equipped infrastructure has already become a dental hub that preferred by patients. Since our faculty is under the coverage of Turkey’s Social Security Institution (SSI), our trainees can conduct more efficient clinical studies in the integrated clinic that has come into service this year in the line with the increasing patient capacity. NEU Faculty of Dentistry, which is a young, dynamic and new generation faculty, provides high quality pre-clinical education on basic medical and dental sciences in the first three years through learning oriented methods in order to equip students with adequate knowledge and skills required to cope with the most complicated dental cases. In the final two years of undergraduate education, students assist the services in clinics under the supervision of specialist staff.
North Cyprus Association of Dental Students
It was established on January 17, 2013 in Nicosia/Northern Cyprus. NCADS is the national and international community of dentists in North Cyprus. It is a professional student organization established for the purpose of achieving objectives such as upgrading the education levels of the dental students, ensuring the flow of international information,
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enhancing the professional knowledge and skills of the students with international student exchange programs, getting informed about professional innovations as soon as possible and establishing communication between dental students from different cultures and nations.
Travelling to North Cyprus
If you travel cyprus by Istanbul transited, you do not need visa for travelling. If you directly departure to Cyprus , you should contact Cyprus Embassy’s in your country about the visa information. We will provide you transportation from airports.
TEASER FOR MYM’18
First day of the MYM we will have a welcome party. On other days in addition to scientific lectures and general assemblys, there also will be tours and sightseeing.
ABOUT POST CONGRESS
PACKAGE PROGRAM There will Package Package Package
be 3 types of package program. A includes first 3 days. B includes first 5 days. C includes Congress and Post- Congress
By Ferdiye Küçük, Burak Mertsöz.
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Dr. Mauricio Salgado Montoya
“MANUAL DE FOTOGRAFÍA CLÍNICA PARA EL ODONTÓLOGO” El Dr. Mauricio Salgado Montoya, egresado en 1984 de la Universidad de Concepción de Chile, es el autor de un libro que ha revolucionado la forma en que vemos la ciencia. En el año 2014 se publica el “Manual de fotografía clínica para el odontólogo” el cual el mismo manifiesta que es un manual guía para profesionales odontólogos e incluso alumnos que quieran introducirse en el mundo de la fotografía clínica. El libro trata de desarrollar en doce capítulos los elementos fundamentales para el logro fotográfico, que cumpla con los requisitos universalmente establecidos.
“Un equipo sencillo bien manejado puede ser suficiente para obtener una buena imagen.” En la ceremonia de lanzamiento de su libro en la Sede Los Leones de la Universidad San Sebastián, el Director General de Postgrado, Sr. Alejandro Albornoz destacó el hecho que su libro es “una publicación de alta calidad y en una temática en la que no existen publicaciones similares de autores latinoamericanos de habla española.” • Fue por esto (la ausencia de publicaciones) que usted tomo la iniciativa de escribir su libro? No, al momento de hacer el libro no sabía si existía o no un manual de fotografía clínica hecho por algún latinoamericano. Mi objetivo era mucho menos ambicioso, simplemente servir de guía para los alumnos de pregrado nacionales, para introducirlos en esta herramienta. • Hubo algún caso difícil en su carrera en el que usted estuvo agradecido por tener fotos antes y después de un paciente? Claro que sí y más de uno. En la estética el paciente olvida fácilmente como llegó al momento de consultar y sus exigencias estéticas pueden ser infinitas.
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ANTES
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CASO CLÍNICO: PORCELANAS PURAS ALCERAM
• Cuál es su preferencia profesional en una cámara fotográfica para usar en la clínica? Cámara réflex DLSR, con un lente macro 60 (50 a 100 mm.) y un flash, ideal Twin flash o bien un Ring flash.
relación entre ambas disciplinas? Es en la estética restauradora directa donde se exige un mayor manejo tanto en la apreciación estética como en la habilidad clínica, para el logro del objetivo biomimético. En las demás disciplinas de la rehabilitación, considero que la exigencia • Cuáles son los valores ISO, velocidad artística es menor para el dentista, de obturación, y balance de blancos siendo el laboratorista quién juega un rol que prefiere al momento de realizar fundamental. una fotografía clínica? El valor ISO que prefiero al trabajar • Hay algún mensaje que usted le quiere dar a los estudiantes de odontología, con flash es de 200 (entre 100 y 400) en lo especial a los latinoamericanos/ y una velocidad de 1/100 o 1/200. hispanos? La programación del flash hace que Que estudien y se preparen para un análisis dependiendo de su modo, los diafragmas sean variables buscando siempre el más crítico de las técnicas y biomateriales que cerrado posible vale decir 22, 29, 32, etc. se nos ofrecen desde fuera, en un mercado Balance de blanco que garantice una luz cada vez más competitivo y exigente. día, con una buena traducción del color. Que se basen en la OBE; es decir en la Lo anterior no es una regla, posee sus odontología basada en la evidencia. Que variaciones dependiendo del ambiente y piensen en la estética como una resultante del cumplimiento con los objetivos de salud del adiestramiento del fotógrafo. y función y no anteponerlo a los anteriores. • En su libro usted trata a la odontología Que no por tener la mejor cámara tendrán como una mezcla entre el arte y una mejor fotografía. Un equipo sencillo la ciencia?Considera usted que el bien manejado puede ser suficiente para ‘Biomimetismo’ es la causa de ésta obtener una buena imagen.
By Francisco Vargas Garrido, Silvi Domnori.
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TNT2017
DRESDEN From the heart of free state of Saxony
In the month of June and July 2017, another great Training New Trainers session ended with great success. This time TNT/SRT was held in Dresden located in the heart of Saxony in Germany by German Dental Students Association (BDZM- Bundesverband der Zahnmedizinstudenten in Deutschland). Chairman, Bjรถrn Bierlich, hosted all the participants, which was a very unforgettable experience as they could better integrate by living under the same roof and also train
in soft skills together after the training session, be it developing their cooking skills! On the evening of Tuesday, 27th of June, the participants set out for a small city tour and had dinner together to get to know each other better. From the morning of the next day, the training session commenced at the campus library. Trainers - Yousef Sadek and Ryan Omar delivered great lectures.
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Poland, Cyprus, Turkey, Austria, Egypt, During the sessions, the following topics Kuwait, Jordan, Sudan and Germany. were covered: This TNT helped various countries such a Serbia and Germany to get their first certified 1. Presentation skills & training delivery: IADS Trainers. 1. Communication skills 2. Motivation styles 3. Cultural intelligence 4. Creativity 5. Leadership 6. Time management A social event was held every day after the training session. The participants had a great opportunity to discover the city on bicycle, taste the local cuisine and admire the breathtaking nature of Saxony. They could also check their soft skills in the natural environment during their survival trip. Their last evening was spent together with the exchange students from dental program ‘VITA’. IADS gives special thanks to Björn Bierlich Participants from a total of nine countries for perfect organization of this unforgettable took part in the training session which TNT. included
By Joanna Dawcewicz.
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Final report Live Mouth Smart! A bit about WOHD and Prophylaxis (WOHD and Prophylaxis – Educate to prevent) This article was supposed to be on World Oral Health Day 2017. Given the fact that we just published a WOHD Booklet I believe that talking once again only about this year’s activities would be repetitive. So, in this following contemplation I have decided instead to write a bit about the history of WOHD and the IADS Prophylaxis Committee. FDI launched World Oral Health Day for the first time in 2007. For several years WOHD was celebrated on the 12th of September (birthday of Dr Charles Dogon, the founder of FDI). Unfortunately, the campaign lacked advertisement and unity during those the first years, so in 2012 it was decided to create a WOHD Task Team. With that decision, the WOHD
as we know it, with lots of advertisement and a huge reach, was established. The first ever World Oral Health Day was held in 2013. Its theme at that time was “Healthy Teeth for a Healthy Life”. The campaign managed to attract 37 countries out of which 12 student organizations were involved as well. That was the year when the first IADS Prophylaxis Committee, led by Petra Horakova, began its work. A short comment from Petra about why she started with the Prophylaxis Committee in the first place: “We realized how important prevention is, plus not all students can attend, for example, volunteer programs and treat patients there, but they can educate people 26
about how important oral hygiene is. It’s something that even first year students can do and it is also a good practice for students to talk with people (their future patients) about their field. “ All this hard work had an outcome when next year, in 2014, FDI invited IADS to participate for the first time ever in WOHD. At that time, our Prophylaxis Committee Chairman was Murad Alrsheedi. Going through the amazing WOHD Booklet released that year, I read that 29 student activities were held all over the world and awards were given out to the best ones. So, in 2015 when the IPO was Osama Afanah, the WOHD slogan was “Smile for Life!”. IADS managed to motivate
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33 student organizations into organizing cool projects about oral health. 2016 brought us “Healthy mouth. Healthy body” and a new Prophylaxis Committee Chairwoman Tuleen Nofal. That year, 26 dental student associations participated with various campaigns. And this year you all did a wonderful job managing to “Live Mouth Smart” in 28 countries! This year both FDI and IADS had their WOHD Portals helping to gather information on all the events organized in the world. We also recently published an IADS WOHD Booklet where you can read about the amazing events our fellow students/ future colleagues held in their countries. But what about the future? WHO has published a
Croatia
document “Global goals for oral health 2020”, where among many objectives they have stated the following: “To develop oral health programmes that will empower people to control the determinants of health.” In my opinion, this is the essence of prevention - to educate people on how to control their oral and general health. The next Prophylaxis Committees must grow bigger, get more well-structured and very active in organizing new projects with fresh ideas and loads of motivation. It is great that, for several years now, WOHD has been our dear event but for sure it cannot remain as the only one. Last November, we did a small campaign on Mouth Cancer prevention together with the Oral Health Foundation. Having read the
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By Ave Põld.
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reports and worked on it I can admit that lots of students and countries are interested in such community work. Prevention is the essence of health and it needs time and commitment. Furthermore, it needs a big committee with motivated members. So as a suggestion to my successor gather lots of students around you, all the NPOs (National Prophylaxis Officers) and start with something big! As this is the very last article I write as Prophylaxis Committee Chairman, I would like to end it with something nice. Being young professionals, we should always keep an open mind and heart when working with patients. As Hippocrates once said, “Cure sometimes, treat often, comfort always.”
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Oral Hygiene and Alzheimer's Disease
Can Poor Oral Health Lead to Dementia? Neurodegeneration is the most common biological cause of dementia and it often leads to Alzheimer’s disease. Neurodegeneration is the process where brain cells (neurons) break down and die. These dying brain cells cause a permanent and progressive decrease in mental and physical function over time.
Statistics
According to Alzheimer’s foundation in USA, one in three seniors die with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia. Furthermore, ages of people with Alzheimer’s disease in the United States in 2016 is as follows:
Challenges It is generally known that people with dementia have significant problems with oral health and these problems can affect their self-esteem, self-confidence and social communication. Equally, substandard oral health can lead to toothache and tooth loss that can impact their quality of life and has eloquent effect on the functional, communal and mental well being of a person. People with an intellectual disability, who have progressive neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson's disease, Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, or any other similar condition, are likely to compromise their oral health due to further intellectual 28
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impairment thus increasing the risk of oral disease. Patients having dementia may be on multiple medications which cause undesirable effects such as xerostomia, vomiting, gingival overgrowth or tardive dyskinesia. Moreover, the medications for dementia have the capacity to cause an unfavorable response when incorporated with drugs used in the dental clinic, including anesthetic and antimicrobial agents. Possible pathways between oral microbes and the brain Oral microbes in various periodontal and gingival diseases are capable of crossing the blood brain barrier. Upon crossing this barrier, these pathogens cause inflammation of the brain cells known as neuroinflammation. Resting microglial cell are converted into activated microglial cells leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukins, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α), chemokines and others. This whole process causes neurodegeneration which is a process where brain cells (neurons) break down and die. These dying brain cells cause a permanent and progressive decrease in mental and physical function over time. Gliosis, demyelination, blood brain barrier deterioration and cell death are also the results of this process. Management goals Dental treatment for a patient with dementia is generally based on the
patient’s level of independence, cooperation, cognitive state, and physical impairment. The aim of the treatment is to improve the quality of life by providing preventive and therapeutic dental care and educating their caregivers about the importance of oral hygiene and its role in the overall health. Adults in early stages of dementia can retain the capability of maintaining good oral hygiene practices if they are provided with sound dental care and are supported with guidance on maintaining oral care. Frequent dental exams can lower tooth loss, lead to an early recognition of oral cancer, lessen oral pain and reduce intraoral infections. Chronic systemic inflammation is linked to periodontal disease, which is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. It is probable that it could contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Poor masticatory performance resulting from tooth loss and change in diet might negatively affect the brain function, which may also result in the development of dementia. The impaired function of swallowing muscles with age is likely to increase oral pathogens gaining entry into the systemic circulation, resulting in a negative effect on the brain cells. Poor oral health is a marker of overall health status; it reflects the history of disease and provision of healthcare throughout the course of an individual’s life. Hence, for such patients, extra effort should be made to maintain their oral hygiene to improve their quality of life.
By Mayank Kakkar.
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Are You Ready to be
the
Sherlock Holmes of
Dentistry ?
Forensics‌.. upon hearing this word our mind directly links images of crime scenes,blood,cadavers,etc but is that all about forensics? Clearly a plain no!! We are in a world where there is increased crime rate everyday and they are not only limited to just murders,robbery,etc they have an expanded horizons even In the cyber world. The criminals are much more intelligent in escaping from the law and newer powerful tools are required to combat them. We has a dental students or dentists have started to play an vital through Forensic odontology to not only identify suspects,victims but also an major role in several criminal investigations and serve as bridge between the court of law and the case.
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is followed by impression of the affected area.It can be an direct impression or indirect impression.The constructed models are later compared along with the images that are taken earlier , suspected individual’s bite can be registered on various materials such as simple bite registration waxes,Styrofoam sheets,acetate sheets,etc.
As with any regular investigative procedure the first and foremost step is photography.The ability of photographic skills combined with the knowledge of general anatomy is going to be the key factor.Be it the photography of bitemarks or dental remnants the investigator collects data which are later compared with the available data of the suspects and analysed.Earlier it was restricted to the DSLR photography but with several technological improvements smartphone photography have reduced the cost factor,processing time,etc and helps to speed up the investigative procedures.
Like individuality and uniqueness of our fingerprints , our lips have patterns which are exclusive for each person.Their study is called cheiloscopy and usually done in few places across the globe as tool to maintain records of individuals.
The dental imaging especially the modern day advents such as Orthopantamography(O
Mass disasters have been encountered from time to time and victim identification during those difficult times have been tricky,forensic odontology has played an great contributory role.One such example is during the great Tsunami disaster which took place in December 2004 in the south Asian coastal lines claiming thousands of lives , where forensic odontology was one of the sole major tool in identification of victims.In such cases where dislodgment was present acrylic was used to stabilize the remanants!!! The latest innovations in the sector includes 3D imaging along with CAD CAM ,one such example is ALIAS32 is a prime example of this technology where a high performance computer is connected to an interferometer which measures variances as small as 2 microns and creates a mathematical model or digital clone of the scanned object.
PG),Radiovisiography(RVG) ,etc plays a critical role in identifying cases of facial disfigurement due to fire,decomposition of the body,etc , where in the antemortem records (If available) can be used to compare with the post mortem records. One tricky problem is the position of the subject for the imaging procedure but these are overcome by portable imaging units. In cases of severe facial disfigurement modern computer photoshop tools contribute with the help of superimposition technology where in the subject doubted photos are superimposed over the disfigured bodies along with cranial comparison. Next important analysis is off the pressure sensitive remanants.Author would like to include lip prints,bite marks,etc in this category. These are the remanants which easily tends to get disorted and needs to be given primary attention.They play an prime role not only in crime scenes but more importantly in the cases of child abuse. Bite marks can be divided into the ones of human in origin and the other of non human origin.Further it can be self inflicting injury or an actual crime scene injury. The marks are left either on human tissues or on non living objects.Immediate photography 31
Genetic tools such as Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are used for mapping specific traits or to follow the flow of genetic material in a population. The technology is based on the presence of short tracks of di, tri, tetra or penta nucleotide, tgese short tracks are transmitted through generations and are are often highly polymorphic within a population, when retrieving DNA from the teeth or oral tissue of a subject it can be used to identify the subject and their familial relations.
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Modern day dental practices involve inclusion of personalized tags in the dentures which serves as a identification tool. The question that arises in our mind is the list of career options we have In this sector‌. Forensic odontologists must hold either a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degree. the normal dental curriculum doesn't adequately prepare dentists for forensic dentistry, according to the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
extraordinary precision and accuracy. Forensic odontology requires attention to detail and the ability to work patiently to complete long and complicated procedures. Being a forensic odontologist requires courage as seeing gruesome sights on a regular basis can be emotionally stressful, forensic odontologist are also expected to testify in court so they must have a basic understanding of the judicial system, criminal justice system and police protocol. Forensic dentistry also possess a research and development landscape both in the form of speculative research or researches driven by specific requirements, to the refinement and improvement of existing techniques and development of new technologies in the field Forensic dentistry is a unique and rewarding field both economically and mentally, it might be challenging and quite different from regular clinical practice but the ability to save lives, bring justice and peace of mind to people outweighs any drawbacks. So get ready to be the Sherlock holmes of Dentistry...
The AAFS recommends additional training in odontology through professional societies and colleges, a masters degree and phD in forensic odontology canbe obtained in a number of reputable colleges. Extensive training in tools and techniques of forensic dentistry and field experience is also required. Forensic odontologists usually work as dentists in their specialty. Depending on how they are needed in a particular location, forensic odontologists may work as independent contractors for police departments, performing forensic examinations as needed at the request of local law enforcement or the medical examiner. In death cases, the forensic odontologist may be requested at the crime scene. Since crimes and disasters can happen at any time, a forensic odontologist is always on call and so must be ready to work long hours, day or night, on holidays and on weekends. The work is highly detailed, demands extremely fine motor skills and requires
Dr Oscar AmoĂŤdo the father of forensic odontology
By Esraa Mohammed, Srinvisan Narasimhan.
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2016 / 2017
EDITORIALBoard ADELIN RADU AHMED AMINE GACEM AISHA TAHA ALAKYAZ ASSOUDRIAN AMNA FAKHAR ANAS MIQDAD ANNA SWIADER BETUL GEDIK FRANCISCO JAVIER ESRAA MOHAMMED JOANNA DAWCEWICZ KHALIDABADAWI LOCK CHE HOU MAYANK KAKKAR MOHAMMED AKL RARES COJOCARU SAMUEL TAN SHAYMA KARRAY SILVI DOMNORI SRINIVASAN NARASIMHAN STEFANO CUCCIA VINCENZO CRUPI VISHNU VALETI ZEINAB JABER
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INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DENTAL STUDENTS. c/o FDI World Dental Federation. Tour de Cointrin. Avenue Louis Casai. 84 C.P 3 1216 Cointrin, Genève, Switzerland.
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