Period 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
3
2.1
Group 1
H 2 1.5
Be
lithium beryllium 6.94 9.01 0.9 12 1.2
Li
hydrogen 1.01 1.0 4
11
Na Mg Ca
sodium magnesium 22.99 24.31 0.8 20 1.0 19
K Sr
potassium calcium 39.10 40.08 0.8 38 1.0 37
Rb Ba
rubidium strontium 85.47 87.62 0.7 56 0.9 55
Cs Fr radium 226.03
Ra
cesium barium 132.91 137.33 0.7 88 0.9 87
francium [223]
7
6
1.5 23
B
1.6 24
7 1.5 26
8 1.8 27
Solid Gas
Liquid
Synthetic
Ni
10
11 1.9 30
Cu
1.8 29
Based on carbon-12
1.8 28
Co
9
Periodic Table of Elements
1.6 25
Transition Elements
2.0 electronegativity
6
Cr Mn Fe
boron 10.81
V
1.6
Zn
12
HONORS CHEMISTRY
symbol
4
Ti
5
atomic number 5
1.3 22
name atomic mass
3
Sc
Ac actinium [227] 58
Zr Hf Rf
1.1 59
Ce
Nb Mo Tc
Ta Db
dubnium [262] 1.1 60
W Sg
seaborgium [266] 1.2 61
Re Bh
bohrium [264] – 62
Ru Os Hs
hassium [269] 1.2 63
Rh Ir Mt
Pd Pt Ds
1.1 65
Ag Cd Au Hg
Rg
Cn
1.2 67
1.2 68
Dy Ho
1.2 66
meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium [268] [281] [272] [277] 1.2 64
Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb
thorium 232.04
Th
protactinium 231.04
Pa
uranium 238.03
U
Np
neptunium 237.05
americium [243]
curium [247]
berkelium [247]
Pu Am Cm Bk plutonium [244]
Cf
californium [251]
Es
einsteinium [252]
5
13
B
2.0 6
14
C Si
2.5 7
15
N
P
3.0 8
16
O
S
1
3.5 9
17
H
2.1 2
18
He
Ne
–
helium hydrogen 4.00 1.01 4.0 10 –
F
Cl
Ar
boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.17 1.5 14 1.8 15 2.1 16 2.5 17 3.0 18 – 13
Al
As
Se
Br Kr
aluminum silicon phosphorus sulphur chlorine argon 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95 1.6 32 1.8 33 2.0 34 2.4 35 2.8 36 – 31
Ga Ge Sn
Sb
Te
I
Xe
gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton 69.74 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80 1.7 50 1.8 51 1.9 52 2.1 53 2.5 54 – 49
In
Pb
Bi
Po
At Rn
indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon 114.82 118.69 121.75 127.60 126.90 131.30 1.8 82 1.8 83 1.9 84 2.0 85 2.2 86 – 81
Tl
Lv
Lu
1.2
livormorium [291]
nobelium [259]
Lr
lawrencium [262]
tennessine [294]
Ts
oganesson [294]
Og
thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon 204.37 207.37 208.98 [209] [210] [222] – 114 – 115 – 116 – 117 – 118 – 113
Mc moscovium [288]
Fl
flerovium [289]
1.1 71
Nh
nihonium [284]
1.2 70
Tm Yb
1.2 69
Er
mendelevium [258]
Fm Md No fermium [257]
lutetium cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium 174.97 140.12 140.91 144.24 [145] 150.35 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.04 – – 103 1.3 91 1.5 92 1.7 93 1.3 94 1.3 95 1.3 96 – 97 – 98 – 99 – 100 – 101 – 102 90
Pr
rutherfordium [261]
hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury lanthanum 178.49 180.95 183.85 186.21 190.20 192.22 195.09 196.97 200.59 138.91 – 105 – 106 – 107 – 108 – 109 – 110 – 111 – 112 – 1.1 104 89
La
yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 [98.91] 101.07 102.91 106.40 107.87 112.41 1.3 73 1.5 74 1.7 75 1.9 76 2.2 77 2.2 78 2.2 79 2.4 80 1.9 1.1 72 57
Y
scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc 44.96 47.90 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.71 63.55 65.38 1.3 40 1.4 41 1.6 42 1.8 43 1.9 44 2.2 45 2.2 46 2.2 47 1.9 48 1.7 39
21
Data Table