Boer war timeline

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Introduction  The first Boar War took place between 1880 and

1881.

 It was known as the Transvaal Rebellion.  This is because the Boars from Transvaal resisted

the annexation of Britain in 1877.

 Some historians refer to the war as the South

African War.

 This is since most of those effected /participated

were White and Black.

 The name “Boar” denotes farmers among

Afrikaans and Dutch.

Events Before the War Took Place  15000 of Dutch origin moved into South Africa.  They came from Cape Colony.  The move was triggered by the unfair

treatment by the British government.

 They were also politically marginalized in the

Eastern Cape frontier.

Impacts of the Movements  They formed two independent republics.  These were the Orange Free State and the

Transvaal.

 These republics were recognized by Great Britain.  This happened in 1852 at Sand River and 1854 at

Bloemfontein.

 Since they were farmers, the Boars enjoyed a pre-

capitalist subsistence economy.

Lord Carnarvon  To expand neo-colonialism, Lord Carnarvon

suggested a confederation in 1875.

 This was to bring together all South African

States.

 Many pro British rule saw this as a move to

enhance stability for economic integration.

 This was especially after the discovery of

diamonds in 1867.

Anglo Boar War  Took place between October 1899 and 1902.  This was after the Boar Republics declared

war.

 The war had three major phases, during the

two years of fighting.

First Phase  The Boars experienced three successful

offensives.

 Firstly, they besieged the town of Ladysmith.  They also besieged British troops at Kimberly

and Mafeking.

 Britain realized some victories, but they

seriously lost key towns to the Boars.

Second Phase  Britain responded to Boars’ offensives.  Imperial troops recaptured the towns, which had fallen

to the blacks.

 They captured the Orange Free State and renamed the

Orange River Colony.

 This was in May 1900.  On 5th June, 1900, Britain took over Pretoria, leading to

the annexation of the Transvaal on September 1, 1900.

 This appeared to be the end of the war, and Roberts

made returned to England a happy man.

Third Phase  It involved the Guerilla war.  Leaders adopted small military units as opposed

to the British style of leadership.

 This was important as it allowed capturing of

supplies.

 It also interrupted communications and attack

raids on the military enhanced.

 It also made it had for British soldiers to capture

the fighters.

 A raft of measures was adopted by the British.  This included:  burning about 30,000 farms  development of blockhouses  erection of fences  These led to a consensus between the two

sides, which ended the war.

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