South Makes
by Egidijus Kasakaitis
Research reflection
The initial research helped to identify problems within the district of the site as well as showed their impact in a scale of a city of Chicago. However, in order to have those assumptions, the analysis were divided into three stages. Firstly, an extensive research was initiated including the collection of hard data and the use of media helped to form the perception about Chicago and particularly South Chicago, the location of the project. Secondly, the validity of the collected knowledge was tested during the field trip, which revealed false public perception through media about South Chicago and by meeting and interviewing various people became evident that architectural intervention couldn’t help in the existing political context. And thirdly, the collected knowledge and experience was translated into an urban strategy by criticising current legitimate base and general developments policy within the range of Chicago to address the most outstanding issues with proposed development alternative in the district of South Chicago. Therefore, design proposal had intended to focus not on solving issues such as high unemployment, low education and high crime rate within the district, but rather identifying a major problem causing these problems to occur, which turned out to be that people stuck in a loop of problems, where problems enhancing each other. To break that loop the long term system is being proposed, which would reduce the magnitude of the problems by engaging community in the overall design development. In order to achieve that goal, the gradual approach was chosen, where project with diverse program is taking place as a catalyst, the first step in community’s engagement. Due to that, by referring to the proposed urban strategy for the entire area, it was necessary to create a flexible framework, which would be able to adapt through time. As a result, based on successful scenario the social and economic impact on the community of South Chicago would grow gradually in parallel with the development of the project by expanding the proximity to the whole city of Chicago.
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In relation to the theme of the studio (Complex Projects) the reason for choosing the location is well defined by exposing the complexity of interrelating issues within the area. Therefore, in order to grasp the scale of the problems the extensive research as mentioned, is a part of studio’s approach. Additionally, the research also consisted of multiple case studies analysis, to understand how it is dealt with similar problems worldwide. By using the same methodology multiple case studies both building and public spaces were analysed to define the size and composite of the program for chosen design goal.
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Content
Urban Strategy Research Conclusions Spatial Strategy Program Design Proposal
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Urban Strategy
Chicago LOOP
16km
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SOUTH WORKS
South-Works Site “At its peak, the steel mill employed some 20,000 people, which spurred the development of a new community centered around the mill�
South-Works Site
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“On 10 April 1992, the plant permanently shut down with fewer than 700 people employed at the time of its closing.�
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2.4km2
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Field Trip
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Research Conclusions Major problems in south chicago
AFFORDABILITY IS A BIG GROWING ISSUE HERE
SOM architect
IMAGINE
NASUTSA MABWA McCaffery project manager
INDUSTRIAL ANCHOR
WAYNE STEGER politics teacher
High crime rate
No free time activities Weak community / no pride Single parent families
Low education Connectivity / infrastructure Gang zones
High unemployment
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Catalyst needs
Critique To Masterplans
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To attract external ivestors
Old Model Rigid phasing
“The client faces a battle. The housing market collapses and the presumed market for the site is gone. So now they have to rethink what the site is going to be.� - SOM Spokesperson
1 3
Rigid phasing
4
2
5
1 3
2
4 5
New Model
Envolving partnership Involvement of multiple interests Decentralized authority Individual cluster managers
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Cluster testing
South-Works As Inspiration
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Inherent growth according to it’s own logic
Evolutionary Species
Darwins tree of life (1837)
Adaptable to market ONE ANCHOR
CLUSTER PRINCIPLE
Initial Investment
Crisis
Crisis
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Initial investments
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SOUTH
WORKS
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Research Conclusions
Routine Regular day in the neighbourhood
“Its lack of diversity in education systems. It’s all left brain learning, it’s very rigid learning, their creative and athletic side is not touched. They are not getting people who are believing in them, there are no opportunities to get jobs, and if there are no jobs why wouldn’t you hustle drugs on streets.”
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From Interview (2013 10 15) with SARAH WARD Happy Art Center
Problems People stuck in the loop
No freetime activities There is lack of amenities preventing kids from attending gangs and reducing employment possibilities, while gang zones is the reason of the lacking
High unemployment Gone industrial anchor left crippled community with degrading education and increasing violence instead
Low education
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Reduced quality of gained knowledge is limiting future employment prospects and pulling the faith in community away from people
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“People no longer know how to live on their own�
Goal Solution turns into a cycle
MAKERS HUB
Make a split
MAKERS HUB
Use existing potential
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IMAGE
MAKERS HUB
Alternate the loop
Intention
MAKERS HUB
DIVERSE AGE GROUPS
LIFE SKILLS TRAINING
PRODUCTION
ECONOMIC BENEFIT
SOUTH CHICAGO
CHICAGO
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FREETIME ACTIVITIES
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Spatial Strategy
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Cluster Location
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Lakeshore Drive
Cluster Growth Creating public flow collisions
RO
MA
AD
No 2 adjacent blocks >15m
BL
AD
Max block length: 50m
FR
Continuous facade front
IN
Min block height: 4F
MA
IN
MI
Max intersecting roads: 3
MI
M2
SE
BL
BL
PL
Max block height: 5F
M2
TR
No height limit
PL
Freely placed plots
RO
Initial road
SE
Initial seed
FR
TR
Freely placed trees
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Infrastructure growth
Program Legend
INDUSTRY OFFICE RETAIL CULTURE RESIDENTIAL
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Spatial growth of the cluster
Site Location Close to urban traffic node
New light rail MAKERS HUB LOCATION
Ore walls Existing roads
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Program
Program Guidelines
Living Short excursions Individual studios
Learning + making After school activities in age of 7 - 16 Public access to educational facilities Skills application for production in south chicago and chicago Makers faire is place to show your creations Startup kit and facilities Hybrid making
Showing
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Common space as meeting, brainstorming and exhibition places Gallery is to show and sell production Public square is the market of exchange
Functions And Manufacture Clasification
CLASSROOMS
FAB LABS WORKSHOPS METAL WOOD FABRICS CRAFTS
CO WORKING STUDIOS EXHIBITION
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COMMON SPACE
EDUCATION HOUSE FIXTURES PROTOTYPING INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ENGINEERING IT PROGRAMMING FURNITURE FASHION
South Chicago Makers & Public Overlap of activities
CUSTOMERS INTERNSHIP MAKERS FAIRE
PUBLIC CONSUMERS
SCHOOL EXCURSIONS + STAYING EMPLOYED MAKERS
LOCAL MAKERS
USING STUDIOS + CO WORKING FACILITIES APPLICATION FOR STARTUP GRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP COURSES LEARNING 3D PRINTING KNOWLEDGE APPLICATION IN WORKSHOPS CLASSES ABOUT TECHNOLOGY + CRAFTS
KIDS
12
TEENS
18
ADULTS
30
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UPDATE
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Case Studies w
1% Reception desk 101 m2
7% Garage 5% Storage
13% Circulation 714 m2 Ramps / staircases
21% Workshops 400 m2
10% Service
5% Common space 67 m2 4% Meeting place 57 m2
Loading area 25% Workshops / exhibition 480 m2
5% Rest room
9% Common space
e areas
15% Services
5% Workspaces
18% Access / Crit / Gallery 10% Workshops 126 m2
5% Exhibition
9% Photo 105 m2
7% Utilities 110 m2
43% Studios 2808 m2
100% Total 6460 m2
TU Delft BK City Delft
26% Residence 500 m2
15% Students facilities 12% Conference rooms / Radio
10% Workshop
Main entrances
8% Bookshop
5% Workspaces
4% Research collection
7% Auditorium
18% Modeling spaces 1203 m2
21% Shared space 420 m2
3% Entrance
2% Pritzker club
6% Office 79 m2
5% Reception
25% Workshops 1634 m2
2% Welcome center
7% Utilities 218 m2
7% Multipurpose hall
10% Restaurant / Food court / Cafe / Bookshop
14% Shared space 18% Studios 216 m2
14% Library / Ancient book collection
19% Auditorium
29% Cafe
100% Total 1910 m2
100% Total 2300 m2
Nida Art Colony Nida
Google Jump Studio London
28% Main studio 335 m2
100% Total 1203 m2
55% Studios
100% Total 4370 m2
Antony Gormley Studio Milstein Hall London Cornell University New York
42% Services / Logistics / Kitchens 100% Total 10690 m2
IIT Mccormick Tribune Campus Center Chicago
20% Offices 100% Total 14375 m2
Rolex Learning Center Lausanne
Rest room / Control room / Prints treatment space 100% Manufacture / Logistics 100% Total 6950 m2
Stratasys 3D Printers Factory Eden Prairie
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RDM campus
Building Program Total - GFA 11927 sqm
Roof deck 2761 sqm
Outdoor common space 3213 sqm
27% 27%
Outdoor common space 3213 sqm
Outdoor common space 3213 sqm
Roof deck 2761 sqm
Outdoor common space 3213 sqm
Terraces 452 sqm
Terraces 452 sqm First floor 1910 sqm
Indoor common space 3687 sqm First floor 1910 sqm
Indoor common space 3687 sqm Utilities 166 sqm
32% 32% 1%
4%
Logistics 463 sqm Administration 275 sqm Media Lab 244 sqm
Utilities 166 sqm Residential 563 sqm Logistics 463 sqm 3D Printing 300 sqm Administration 275 sqm Media Lab 244 sqm FAB LAB 900 sqm Residential 563 sqm Co-working 300 sqm 3D Printing 300 sqm Workshops 600 sqm FAB LAB 900 sqm Event space 300 sqm Food court 225 sqm Co-working 300 sqm Reception 138 sqm
WorkshopsRetail 600 sqm543 sqm Event space 300 sqm Food court 225 sqm Reception 138 sqm Retail 543 sqm
2% 2%
4%5% 1%
2.5%
2%
7.5% 5% 2%
2.5%2.5%
5% 7.5% 2.5%
2.5% 2% 1%
4% 5% 2.5% 2% 1%
4%
Indoor common space 3687 sqm
Utilities 166 sqm Logistics 463 sqm Administration 275 sqm Utilities 166 sqm Media Lab 244 sqm
Logistics 463 sqm Residential 563 sqm Administration 275 sqm Media 244 sqm300 sqm 3DLab Printing Residential 563 sqm FAB LAB 900 sqm 3D Printing 300 sqm Co-working 300 sqm FAB LAB 900 sqm Workshops 600 sqm
Ground floor 1777 sqm
Storage 18 sqm Toilets 148 sqm Ground floor 1777 sqm Logistics 463 sqm
Lounge / offices 104 sqm Conference room 50 sqm 6x Offices 121 sqm Storage 18 sqm Computer workplace 19 sqm Toilets 148 sqm 2x Classrooms 225 sqm Lounge Logistics 463 sqm 141 sqm 2x Toilets 20 sqm Storage 11 sqm 4x Studios 128 sqm Lounge 139 sqm Lounge / offices 104 sqm Conference2x room 50 sqm Toilets 21 sqm Loundry 7 sqm 3x Rooms 6x Offices 121 sqm 96 sqm Prints treatment Computer workplace 19 sqmroom 44 sqm
2x Classrooms 225 sqmhall 256 sqm 3D Printing Lounge 141 sqm 11 sqm Education FAB LAB 300 sqm 2x Toilets 20 sqm Storage 4x Studios 128 sqm Lounge 139 sqm 2x Toilets 21 sqm Loundry 7 sqm 2x sqm Production FAB LABS 600 sqm 3x Rooms 96 Prints treatment room 44 sqm 3D Printing hall 256 sqm Rest room 50 sqm Workshop 90 sqm Kitchen 60 sqm Lounge 100 sqm Education FAB LAB 300 sqm Crafts / Carpentry workshop 225 sqm
2x Production FAB LABS 600 sqm Furniture workshop 225 sqm 2x Sewing workshops 150 sqm
Event space Co-working 300 sqm300 sqm Food court 225 sqm Workshops 600 sqm138 sqm Reception
Storage Rest room 50 sqm 19 sqm Workshop 90 sqm Kitchen 60 Event sqm space 281 sqm Lounge 100 sqm Kitchen 75 sqm Canteenworkshop 150 sqm 225 sqm Crafts / Carpentry Staff room 38 sqm Furniture workshop sqm Entrance 225 & Reception 100 sqm
2x Sewing workshops 150 sqm Kitchen 59 sqm
Event spaceRetail 300 sqm543 sqm Food court 225 sqm Reception 138 sqm Retail 543 sqm
Storage 19 Cafe sqm 140 sqm
Event space 281 sqm Gallery 344 sqm Kitchen 75 sqm Canteen 150 sqm Staff room 38 sqm Entrance & Reception 100 sqm Kitchen 59 sqm Cafe 140 sqm Gallery 344 sqm
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Indoor common space 3687 sqm
Conceptual Schemes
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Development principles
Grid
Fluid
Regular
Flexible + expandible
Non-regular
Limited
Consequential
Public indoor - outdoor
2D & 3d mixing
Horizontal
Linear
Consequential
Inverted
Conventional stacking
Cross connection
Accidental arrangement
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Public flow
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Design Proposal
Building Concept Incremental building method
Adapting through time
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Generic element binds diverse program
Generic element as a seed
Sunlight impact
N
Public flow collisions
Plugging in the program
Designating logistics zones
Blending in the surroundings
Program distribution
Common space Retail Food court Event space Workshops Fab labs 3D printing Co - working Residential Media lab Administration Logistics
Program zoning
PUBLICLY ACCESSIBLE ZONE RESIDENTIAL ZONES
PRODUCTION ZONE
Public landscape
Workshop yard space
132 meters
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Car traffic
Site Plan Concept Functional zoning
Representative outdoor space me
ter
s
Main square / market hall
Car parking
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67
Public landscape Workshop yard / test site / exhibition
Clean
132 meters
Vegetation as natural buffer
Bicycle par
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Dirty logistics
In
Site Plan Key moments
n logistics
Shared space / open air terrace 67
me
ter
s
Main square / market hall
nteractive zone / open air cinema Parking lot
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rking lot
Public landscape
Multifunctional outdoor space
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Parking lot
South Chicago
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Main square
Building Components Ground floor
Workshop yard Production zone
Publicly accessible zone
Transition zone
Circulation Utilities Retail Workshops 3D printing Residential Logistics Outdoor common space
Representative zone
First floor
Indoor common space
Circulation Outdoor common space Retail Food court Event space Workshops Fab labs
Residential Media lab Administration
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Co - working
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Indoor Common Space Extending program into a common space Computer workplaces Exhibition / Crits
Meeting place / Exhibition Meeting place Meeting place
Chillout area
Chillout area
Workshop extention
Workshop extention Presentations space
Meeting place Exhibition
Tools to create atmosphere Room acoustics
Multifunctional space
Light diffused surfaces Entertainment corners
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Diverse floor finishings
Social corners
Public workplaces Indoors workshops
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Ground Floor
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First Floor
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Building Section Section a
Multifunctional common space Meeting place / Exhibition
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Studios
Workers rooms
Multifunctional event space Meeting place
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Sound absorbing elemnts
Alternative Building Scenario Adapting to changing conditions
Potential of the building
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Reduced capacity of the building
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Structural Concept Using methods from the context
Permanent - robust concrete ore walls are found in the site
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Temporary - add ons for houses from timber is a common typology in Chicago
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Flexible Connection Detail Regular connecetion joint
Reinforced concrete floor slab with CCA technology
Regular reinforced concrete portal CCA heating connection
Cast in steel plate with heating connection
Custom profile for beam connection and suspension cable
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Load bearing glue laminated timber beam 150 / 700 mm
Flexible Connection Detail Cantilievering construction joint
Special reinforced concrete portal
Cast in steel plate
Custom profile for rigid timber portal connection and suspension cable
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Glue laminated timber beam 150 / 700 mm
Building Sustainability Concept
Economic independency
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Social welfare
Local materials
Strategies incorporating within the building
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Building Facade Concept Materialization principles articulating the building
Exposing construction - using curtain facade system
Controlling daylight intake - local timber vertical louvres
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Translucency versus trasparency - while in day time provides difused light in night time it becomes transparent
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Building Facade Concept Exposing construction behind
Double Height Facade Fragment Permanent structure facade Rough sawn softwood boarding
Vertical wooden shading elements
Curtain wall facade
Ventilation “Breathing window” units + rainwater drainage
Plugins Front Facade Fragment Temporary structure facade
Rough sawn softwood boarding Curtain wall facade
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Vertical wooden shading elements
Ventilation “Breathing window” units + rainwater drainage
Translucency versus transparency
Plugins Side Facade Fragment Temporary structure facade Rough sawn softwood boarding
U shape glass facade
Main Entrance Side Facade Fragment Using same material to emphasize
Rough sawn softwood boarding
U shape glass facade
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U shape glass facade mounting frame
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South Makes by Egidijus Kasakaitis