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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
EDITOR’S DESK
An outlook of the electrical & power industry
Editor
Alka Puri
Associate Editor Ambika Gagar
Editorial Advisor N.P.K. Reddy
Design & Production Avnish Kumar Abhishek Shukla
Business Head-India
Subhash Chandra Email: s.chandra@electricalmirror.in
Manager West & South India
Pradeep Kumar Email: pradeep.k@electricalmirror.in
Sales & Marketing Neha Rajesh Kumar Hemant Chauhan
Manager-Subscription
Praveen Chauhan Email: subscribe@electricalmirror.in Call: 011-65104350/ 011-22758660
All rights reserved by all events are made to ensure that the information published is correct; Electrical Mirror holds no responsibility any unlikely errors that might occur.
Cable & Wire Industry – To Accelerate in the Coming Years Indian power sector is in burgeoning stage and as one of the most important part in power industry the wires and cables are also getting benefit. The wire and cables market in India has a share of nearly 40% of the electrical industry. According to research, it is expected to double in size in the next five years. The industry is growing at a CAGR of 15% as a result of growth in the power and infrastructure segments. The per capita electricity consumption of the country is increasing year by year and it will lead to a boost demand for cables. Another important driver is the rollout of 3G and broadband on a pan-India basis. It is predicted to boost the market as demand will increase and players will look to enhance broadband penetration levels. The main customers of the wire and cable industry are the automotive, telecommunication and construction industries. In the past few years, these three have witnessed a rapid expansion and have led to an annual growth of the industry about 25% in India. In this issue we are covering our lead story on wires and cable industry in India. The cover story will give you an idea about the current status of wires and cable industry in India and the future opportunities for the industry. Hope you will enjoy reading this issue and will get an appropriate overview of the industry.
Please give us your feedback at editor@electricalmirror.in
For more details check out our Website www.electricalmirror.in & you can also visit our facebook page www.facebook.in/electricalmirror
Editor
Printed, published and owned by Usha, Published from 13/455, Block No. 13, Trilok Puri, Delhi-110091 and printed at Bright Tree, C-40, Gate No.-4, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020. e-mail: brighttreesolutions@gmail.com
Editor : Alka Puri
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CONTENTS
42
Interview
SANJIB MITRA Vice President - Transformer Division ELECTROTHERM® (INDIA) LTD
46
Technical Review Dissolved Gas Analysis of Transformers
28 Cover Story Wires and Cables
10 News Update ABB India and Welspun Energy Advance India’s Solar Power Ambition
26
Order and Contract ACME Bags Orders for 200 mw Solar Projects
32
Theme
BharatNet Project : Fast Internet, Slow Implementation
40 Focus - Transformers Iron Nitride Transformers 8
ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
50
Guest Article Electric Diagnostic Measurements of Power Transformers – An Overview Michael Rädler Omicron Energy Solution Pvt. Ltd.
56
Guest Article
Benefits of Power Quality Shyam Ravindran - Sonel Instruments India Pvt. Ltd.
59
Smart Cities India 2016 Expo to Unveil What it Takes to Build Smart Cities in India
60
Case Study of The Month VARIOUS CASE STUDIES ON OPERATION AND CONTROL SCHEMES FOR GRID SUBSTATION Contd….
Product Info FLIR Systems India
66
Company Profile GTB Transformers
68 70
67
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N ews
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ABB India and Welspun Energy Advance India’s Solar Power Ambition
ABB in India and Welspun Energy, have together installed about 700 MW of solar photovoltaic projects across several states in India like Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. This includes a key project of 52 MW for Maharashtra State Generation Company at Baramati, which was the first ever PPP (publicprivate partnership) project in the industry, in the country. “By setting up large scale solar capacities across the country we are supporting India’s developmental
ABB to Supply Special Transformers for the World’s Most Powerful Wind Turbines ABB will deploy 40 special transformers to equip wind turbines for an offshore wind farm in the Irish Sea. The MHI Vestas Offshore Wind turbines are 195 m (640 ft) tall - around two-thirds the height of the Eiffel Tower - and weigh 1000 metric tons, approximately double a fully-loaded Airbus A380 plane. Its 80 m (262 ft) rotor blades sweep through an area equivalent of three soccer fields and can produce up to eight megawatts of power, making it the most powerful wind turbine in the world. ABB received the order from MHI Vestas Offshore Wind for the Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm, located around 19 kilometers west of Walney Island off the coast of Cumbria, England. The offshore wind farm is owned by the Danish utility DONG Energy A/S. The order is a follow-up of one at the end of 2014 for 32 specialty transformers to equip similar turbines for the Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm, also located in the Irish Sea. 10 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
strong local presence and a robust service network which has helped us to synchronize our plants in a very short time, whilst meeting our robust quality standards,” said Vineet Mittal, Managing Director, Welspun Energy.
needs through clean energy. This is essential if we want to power our industries sustainably and meet our renewable energy targets. We chose ABB as a bankable partner owing to its leadership in inverter technology,
“We look forward to a continuing collaboration with forward looking customers such as Welspun Energy, who are the pioneers in the clean energy space in the country. We are privileged to be associated with this key customer,” said Sanjeev Sharma, Managing Director, ABB in India.
Havells India Forays Into Entry Level Modular Switches with the Launch of “Reo Bliss” Havells India Limited, a leading Fast Moving Electrical Goods (FMEG) Company and a major power distribution equipment manufacturer today marked its entry into entry level modular switches with the launch of its innovative range of switches named “Reo Bliss”. The new range of entry level modular switches is aimed at customers looking for pioneering and attractive switches at economical prices. With this launch the company will enhance its presence from 700 to 1100 towns (of 1250 towns) with 50000 and above population over next 2-3 years. ‘Reo Bliss’ range of switches represent a unique symbiosis of advanced technology, maximum functionality and exquisite design to match the taste of today’s discerning customers who want best in class product at affordable prices. The new range carries a compact exterior with shrouded terminals, captive screws, brass terminals, arc shield, shuttered socket providing smooth and noise free operation. It is made of best in
class engineering polymers. The new range will be manufactured at the company’s plant at Baddi and will be available at an attractive price of Rs 19 onwards. The switches will be available in seven attractive colours and three different combinations Aqua Blue, Plum Red, Stone Grey, White, Classic Ivory, Jet Black and sand Beige. The switches will be made from colored polymers against the general trend of painting the plastic covers that helps in retaining colour and shine throughout the life of the switch.
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TDX 5000 TDX 5000 is developed as a compact solution for high voltage Capacitance and Tan Delta (Dissipation Factor) measurements. Using the reactor option, TDX 5000 can also perform tests on rotating machines. Fully automatic Variable output frequency: 15 - 500 Hz Output voltage up to 12 kV Tan Delta, capacitance, dissipation measurements and exciting current test
factor
PADS - Power Apparatus Diagnostic Software for automatic testing, assessment and report USB interface and Ethernet interface for PC connection Patented technology for capacitance and Tan Delta measurement Light and compact
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N ews
of the Month
Customer at the Core of Sterlite Technologies’ New Organisation Structure
Sterlite Technologies, which aids Telecom and Power transmission network efficiencies, today said it has implemented new organisation design for its Telecom Products and Solutions business. This business will remain listed post the demerger of the Power business. The new organisation design aims to sharpen the company’s focus on market opportunities by keeping customer at the core of all its operations. In its Telecom Business, Sterlite is evolving towards enabling seamless high-speed
Clean Energy projects get ` 86,000 crore investment Renewable energy projects have received Rs 86,000 crore investment, most of it from private sector, in the last three years with Madhya Pradesh at top garnering Rs 14,313.80 crore. “Most of the investment in renewable energy came from private sector. Total estimated investment in renewable energy power projects during the last three years is around Rs 86,000 crore,” New and Renewable Energy Minister Piyush Goyal said in a written reply to Lok Sabha. According to the statement, around 15,400 million units has been generated through solar power projects during the last three years. Madhya Pradesh remained at the top, recording maximum investment in clean energy projects at Rs 14,313.80. It was followed by Maharashtra at Rs 13,743.01 crore, Rajasthan at Rs 11,632.96 crore, Karnataka at Rs 9,586.31 crore, Andhra Pradesh at Rs 9,539.12 crore, Tamil Nadu at Rs 8,961.28 crore and Gujarat at Rs 6,646.35 crore. The minister also stated that Pondicherry, Laskhwadeep, Dadar & Nagar Haveli, Sikkim, Manipur, Meghalaya and Goa received no investment at all for renewable energy projects in last three years.
12 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
data transmission delivery with highly efficient telecom networks, through a full portfolio of products & expertise in designing, engineering, building and maintaining telecom networks. Designed to enable co-creation of value through focus on innovation, analytics and R&D based on customer needs, the new organisation structure has been developed in collaboration with Hay Group, a leading managementconsulting firm. “Over the next five years, we foresee investments worth over Rs 4 lakh
crore for the creation of Digital India infrastructure. In order to better align ourselves as the partner of choice for building this, we have reorganised ourselves keeping the customer at the core of our operations. From a BU (Business Unit) approach which has served us well till now, we have moved to Customer Unit (CU) led strategy, where each and every component in the organisational value chain is calibrated to customer’s current and future needs,” said Dr. Anand Agarwal, CEO, Sterlite Technologies.
JSW Energy is Ready to Acquire JSPL’s 1,000 mw Plant for ` 6,500 cr JSW Energy will acquire a 1,000 mw power plant from his younger brother Naveen-led heavily indebted Jindal Steel and Power Ltd for Rs 6,500 crore. JSW will pay at least Rs 4,000 crore, excluding net current assets, and an additional Rs 2,500 crore if JSPL’s 1,000 mw power plant in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh secures a long term power purchase agreement, the firms said in statements. JSPL, which has a debt of close to Rs 46,000 crore, said the deal, to be completed by mid-2018, would help meet its liabilities while JSW gained a foothold in coal-rich Chhattisgarh. JSW would also extend Rs 500 crore as advance against interest. The sale is expected to be completed by June
30, 2018. The buyout by JSW comes close on the heels of its acquisition of Jaiprakash’s 1,391 mw hydro-power plants. JSW is also said to be in talks to acquire Jaiprakash’s 500 mw thermal power plant in Madhya Pradesh and Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd’s 1,050 mw power plant in Odisha. These buyout would help JSW to expand its power portfolio to a planned 11,500 mw. “The adverse operating environment within power sector in the country is driving distress sales in the sector, and JSW Energy’s robust financial health coupled with a strong balance sheet is providing the company an opportunity to acquire quality power assets at reasonable valuations...” JSW said.
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N ews
Azure Power Commissions 4 New Solar Plants Across Three Different States
of the Month
Azure Power, India’s leading solar power company, announced its commissioning of solar power plants in three states. The projects include a 50 MW plant in Andhra Pradesh, two plants of total capacity of 28 MW plant in Punjab and a 10 MW plant in Karnataka. These plants, connected to the respective state grids, are part of Azure Power’s 900+ MW portfolio in 15 states. This includes the country’s largest operational solar plant of 100 MW under India’s National Solar Mission in Rajasthan.
position as a leader with the largest portfolio in the state.
The Punjab plants were commissioned in a record period of under ten months from the signing of the Power Purchase Agreement, maintaining company’s
Reliance Gets Green Signal for Bangladesh Project Bangladesh
government
has
granted in-principle approval for the first phase of Reliance Power’s Bangladeshi project. Estimated at $1.3 billion (Rs 8,700 crore) it would one of the largest foreign direct investment for the country.
The first phase involves setting up a 750 MW power plant at Meghnaghat in Narayanganj district, around 40 km South-East of Dhaka along with a floating storage and regasification terminal at Maheshkhali Island in Cox’s Bazar district. Land at Meghnaghat for the power plant will be provided by Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) and the first phase is expected to be commissioned by 2018-19. It would power the country’s rising demand for electricity and will provide clean and green energy contributing to Bangladesh’s goal of energy security.
Speaking on this occasion, Mr. Inderpreet Wadhwa, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Azure Power said, “We are delighted to make this contribution towards realization of our Honorable Prime Minister’s commitment towards clean and green energy, through solar power generation. Our sincere gratitude to the governments of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Karnataka, for all the cooperation and support extended.”
Water Crisis Shut Down Many Thermal Power Plants : Power Minister Severe water crisis in many parts of the country has forced several thermal power plants to shut down production, Power Minister Piyush Goyal said. Goyal said in Lok Sabha that Maharashtra Power Generation Company Ltd has informed that all units at Parli Thermal Power Station (1130 MW) in Beed district of the state were under outage due to water shortage since June-July 2015. The Minister said several other thermal power generating units in different states are also temporarily under shut down due to non availability of water. Goyal said a number of steps have been adopted to overcome water shortage in thermal power plants include installation of dry ash handling system, installation of ash water recirculation system and installation of zero water discharge system.
The proposed floating storage and regasification based LNG terminal will supply re-gasified LNG for the power project and additional re-gasified LNG to PetroBangla. Reliance Power plans to use world-class equipment procured from internationally reputed equipment suppliers for combined cycle power project at Samalkot in Andhra Pradesh, including advanced machines supplied by General Elecetric for the Bangladeshi project. 14 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
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Suzlon Commissions 900 MW in FY16 in India; Cover 100% Increase from FY15
Suzlon Group, one of the leading global renewable energy solutions providers in the world, announced that it has commissioned 900 MW wind energy projects during the financial year 2015-16 (FY16), of which 520 MW was commissioned in Q4 FY16. This amounts to a more than 100% increase in installations, vis-à-vis 442 MW installed during the financial year 2014-15 (FY15). Suzlon continues to maintain market leadership in India with 36% cumulative market share and diversified presence across 8 states.
The year also marked the debut of Telangana in the wind energy sector with its maiden capacity addition of ~78 MW installed by Suzlon. The projects were executed for a variety of customers including Independent Power Producers (IPPs), Public Sector Units (PSUs) and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Suzlon’s newest product variant S97 120m hybrid tower constituted 31% (134 wind turbines) of its total commissioned capacity. With the installation of 900 MW in FY16, Suzlon’s cumulative global wind energy installations reach 15.50 GW consisting
Tata Power Goes Digital Introduces a Universal Mobile App for All Stakeholders & Consumers in Mumbai & Delhi Tata Power, India’s largest integrated power company, today introduced its digital interface by launching a universal Mobile Application for all its stakeholders along with employees and consumers of Mumbai & Delhi. The Tata Power Mobile App is specially designed to be an exclusive platform to help customers and other stakeholders to connect and directly engage with the company. The app is aimed at fostering high-level of customer engagement and provide a user-friendly experience to all its stakeholders. Tata Power has always been a pioneer in providing improved services by continuously capitalizing on new and improved technologies. In line with its commitment to lighting up lives, the company has been focusing on improving the overall stakeholder experience and ease of accessibility for better services for its consumers primarily. Tata Power’s universal mobile app has been developed using one of the most robust SAP platform – MCFU, which provides real time integration of the app with its enterprise systems. It also positions Tata Power as the first utility in the Global Power Sector to do so. Leveraging the expertise of SAP and 16 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
in-depth consumer behavior analysis, the application is crafted with almost all the features that makes it a one stop solution to all consumer requirements. One of the primary features of the mobile app is the specially designed section for consumers. It includes key features such as Account overview; Bill Payment at fingertips; Meter Reading details; Monthly Consumption trend; Bills and Payment history of previous 12 months, Notifications alerts; Zone-wise Outage/Shutdown information; Registration for e-bill and e-services etc. The Tata Power app can be downloaded for free from the Play Store (Android) and will soon be available on Apple Store, (iOS). The app also includes one touch access to the customer care team; post a query & report a concern; provide a mapped view of payment locations and also allow registration for Tata Power’s ‘Be Green’ initiatives. Consumers will also be able to access the social media platforms in real-time using this app. The mobile app offers consumers a fast, convenient and a new way to connect which is designed to provide an easy interface with the company.
of 9.50 GW installations in India. The wind energy sector in India recorded its highest installation of 3,300 MW in FY16, marking a 42.74% growth compared to FY15. Tulsi Tanti, Chairman, Suzlon Group, said, “The 100% growth in our installations in India is higher than the 43% growth achieved by the industry. It is a testament of our hard-work, perseverance and the support of our customers, investors and the bankers. The efforts of my team towards business ramp up and execution have yielded results.
Government Prepares Framework to Boost Hydropower Projects in Country Power Ministry is preparing a new framework to boost hydropower development in the country by lowering the cost and removal of long-drawn clearances, a senior official said. “We are preparing a framework for hydropower development in the country, very soon we will take it up to the highest level in the government, so the focus is going to be back on hydro,” Additional Power Secretary B P Pandey said at a conference on hydropower here. Hydropower is much cleaner, greener and sustainable option, he said, adding that water security is an issue in India and there is a need for storages as well. Highlighting that reducing the cost of hydroelectric power is one of the major challenges in the hydropower sector, he suggested for financial restructuring together with innovative financing instruments. ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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N ews
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LAPP India Launches ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables
ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables are Safe and Environment-Friendly Lapp India, a 100% subsidiary of the Lapp Group Germany and a leading supplier of integrated solutions and branded products in the field of cable and connection technology in India, has launched ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables for circuit integrity application in the event of fire. These cables are passed through C/W/Z fire resistant test and can provide optimum cabling solutions in fire mishaps by maintaining circuit integrity for temperatures up to 950° C, 650° C and 950° C as per application requirements. The inner and outer sheaths of the cables are specially made of halogen free compound which reduces emission of fumes and acid gases in the event of fire. ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables are designed for major infrastructure installations such as – airports, metro rail, rail terminal, bus terminal etc along with building and construction management. Rapid urbanization has escalated the need for high rise buildings, malls, modern houses and offices, all of which depend on wires and cables. As a result, the need for
installing quality wire and cables is growing. Approximately 80% Cables around us are not visible once they are installed. During a fire accident, these cables can propagate fire in the building through electrical circuits. So the need of the hour is to minimize loss during fire mishap which can be achieved by providing intelligent cabling solutions in terms of fire safety and fire survivability. The use of the ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cable in building management, fire and security systems ensure that vital systems remain functional in the event of a real life incident which requires an emergency evacuation. Some of the features of ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables are : • Conforming to fire survival test of BS 6387 – 1994 (C/W/Z).
• Available in different construction variants – power, control, instrumentation application. • Halogen free inner and outer sheath. • ÖLFLEX® FIRE Survival Cables are safe and environmentally-friendly. These cables are made of halogen free compound that reduces emission of fumes and acid gases in case of fire. • Its Halogen Free property eliminates the threat of forming caustic and contributes to less corrosion damage to equipment near the fire. • Resistant to ignition, it takes longer than traditional cables to catch fire. • Reduced flame propagation, its excellent flame retardant property prevents the fire from spreading.
Sterling and Wilson Collaborates with GERMI for India’s Premium Energy Research and Management Institute Programme Sterling and Wilson, part of Shapoorji Pallonji Group has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute (GERMI) to enhance post-graduate students’ transition their research into the needs of the industry. This program is titled as, “Sterling and Wilson – GERMI graduate research program”. With this Program, Sterling and Wilsonaims at students in their final academic year of their engineering degrees and to transition research in renewable technologies to the Industry. The Industry-Institute internship programme will be specific 18 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
to renewable energy technologies such solar market against big competition as smart grids, storage systems, solar and proving that an Indian Solar EPC system optimization and other relevant can compete globally and proudly say technologies of the future. SWL is as a ‘Installed by India’. This GERMI graduate whole a 360 degree Company which is research program will build skilled into electrical, MEP Services, Plumbing, manpower, to cater to the growing Fire Fighting, Mechanical EPC, Diesel Indian solar market and furthering PM Generators, Turnkey Data Service and Modi’s ‘Skill India’ Programme. This will Turnkey MEP Services having human create a niche market for employment assets of nearly 3500 proficient people. and foster skill that is required to meet Students will receive industrial training, demands of the industry. making their immersion into the For Media Enquiries Contact: industry easier. Sreedevi Razdan In a major boost to the ‘Make in India’ campaign. Sterling and Wilson has gone one step further by winning this project in the global
Manager - Corporate Communications Sterling and Wilson Pvt Ltd Email - sreedevirazdan@sterlingwilson.com Mobile - +91 9321247834
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Anil Chaudhry, MD & Country President, Schneider Electric India Receives the Gighest French Civilian Award, Legion of Honour
With great pride and delight, Schneider Electric India, the global specialist in energy management and automation today announced that France’s highest civilian award, the Legion of Honour, was received by Mr. Anil Chaudhry, MD & Country President, Schneider Electric India. This award is given in recognition of outstanding contributions to French society over the course of a minimum of 20 years of one’s professional career. This is an outstanding public recognition of the accomplishments of a civilian. The award was conferred upon Mr Chaudhry by Ambassador of France to India, H.E. Mr François Richier, during a ceremony held on Monday, April 18, at the Residence of France, New Delhi. Along with the Ambassador, the evening was graced by officers of French Embassy and administration officials within the Government of India, members of India Inc. and Mr. Chaudhry’s family, and colleagues. The distinguished award, Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur (Knight of the Legion of Honour), was presented to Mr. Anil Chaudhry for his significant and commendable contribution towards strengthening Indo-French relations through his association with French organizations since the beginning of his career. Working for over three decades for French business interest in India and in the world, Mr. Chaudhry has created a significant body of work in the field of infrastructural development, climate change, Indo French economic relations, access to energy and skill development. Receiving the award Mr. Anil Chaudhry, MD & Country President, Schneider Electric India said, “It is with great honor that I receive this profound
20 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
wife Suman, My daughters, my parents, extended family, friends and my entire Schneider Electric team, business partners as well as colleagues from previous organizations for their constant support at all times. I consider this award as a responsibility given to me to vanguard our countries’ great alliance and tirelessly work towards further strengthen this Indo French alliance in all possible ways.”
recognition given to me by the French Embassy today. The distinguished history of this award, and its long list of eminent awardees leave me humbled and tremendously inspired to live up to the noble principles this award represents.” He further added “I take this opportunity to thank all the people in my life, without whom this achievement may not have been possible. A special thanks to my
Presenting the award, Ambassador François Richier said, “I am truly delighted to bestow this award on Mr Anil Chaudhry, whose remarkable acumen and vision has contributed significantly to boosting French business in India in areas essential for a country’s economic development. As the helmsman of Schneider, he has long been promoting “Make in India” and skill development – two major initiatives outlined by the Indian government – thus forging enduring ties between France and India.” ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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N ews
REC Trading Session : April 2016 Market Makes a Good Start to Compliance Year 2016-17
of the Month
Highlights of the trading session held on 27thApril, 2016:
purchased RECs in this trading session are essentially fulfilling their RPO Non-Solar REC
Solar REC
Trade Volume (REC)
2,38,485
22,958
Sell bid (REC)
89,80,430
23,48,055
Purchase Bid (REC)
2,38,485
22,958
Price discovered (Rs/REC)
1,500
3,500
No. of participants
904
516
A total of 2.61 lacs RECs were traded in the REC market trading session held at IEX on 27 April, 2016.With April being the first month of FY 2016-17 annual compliance period, the market made a good start since same time last year only about 45,000 RECs were traded. Several
Obligated
Entities
who
compliance for FY 15-16. The key details of this trading session are as below: • Non-solar segment: Total buy bids were2,38,485and total sell bids were 89,80,430. All buy bids were cleared at floor price of Rs 1,500 per REC.
• Solar segment : Total buy bids were22,958 and total sell bids were23,48,055. All buy bids were cleared at floor price of Rs 3,500 per REC. Participants : A total of 1,420participants traded at IEX with 904 participants in non-solar segment and 516participants in the solar segment. On an overall basis, a total of 3,151participants are registered in the REC segment at IEX. Of this,829are Eligible Entities (RE Generators) 2,309are Obligated Entities (DISCOMs, Open Access Consumers & Captive Generators) and13are registered as Voluntary Entities.
Essar Power’s Mahan Plant Commences Plant Operations Essar Power Limited today resumed the commercial operations of Unit I of the 1,200 MW (2x600 MW) Mahan power plant. Essar Power MP Ltd, the operator of the 1200 MW power plant, located in Madhya Pradesh, has secured 3 lakh tonnes of coal through a Government conducted special forward e-auction. Essar Power MP won a captive coal mine in Tokisud in Jharkhand state in the recent coal auction. Essar has invested over Rs 10,000 crore in the 1200 MW Mahan plant which requires an estimated 5.5 MTPA of domestic coal per year and the Tokisud captive coal mine. The decline in coal prices and captive mines will enable Essar Power to fulfill its commitment to supply affordable power to the nation. The company has long-term power purchase agreements and is in the process of securing more such commitments. Mr Sushil Maroo, Executive Vice Chairman, Essar Power, said: “We 22 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
are thankful to the Government for making coal available through e-auctions and aligning coal prices to the current market scenario. It has increased the production and supply of coal, which is a welcome move for the power sector and will help other stranded power projects”
The development is significant and positive against the backdrop of the stress the power generating sector is going through over the past few years. Among the key concerns for the sector has been the lack of committed and affordable fuel supply.
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N ews
of the Month
Government Plans to Begin Process to Auction Marginal Oil, Gas Fields
The government is planning to begin the process to auction marginal oil and gas fields in a month after delaying it for several months due to lower oil prices, an oil ministry official has said. The oil ministry will hold a meeting next week to finalize a timeline for the auction, after which officials will begin a roadshow, showcasing small discovered fields to potential investors, the official said. Last year, the government unveiled a
development cost and technological constraints. All these fields were earlier owned by Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC) and Oil India Ltd (OIL). The government will auction 67 fields divided in about 44 clusters, the official said. Two fields in the north-east will not be part of the auction.
new policy for 69 small discovered fields that had remained undeveloped for years due to their limited reserves, high
The fields have been divided into clusters to make them financially attractive for potential investors as they can then plan common infrastructure for fields, keeping costs low.
Reliance Buys Govt to Set up Help Desk for Investors Iranian Oil After in Energy Sector Across India & Six-year Hiatus to 4 Other Countries : Piyush Goyal Get a Long Term Eyeing an investment of $1 trillion in Fixed Quantity the energy sector, India will set up help desks across the country as well as in Deal the US, the UK, Australia and Japan to Reliance Industries has bought crude oil from Iran after a 6-year break and is looking to strike a long-term fixed quantity deal, post lifting of sanctions. RIL, which operates the world’s biggest refining complex at Jamnagar in Gujarat, is looking at quickly ramping up purchases to the earlier levels of about 5 million tonnes a year. “Re-established relationship with Iran, sourced crude oil post lifting of sanctions,” the company said in an investor presentation after reporting 2015-16 earnings. Bowing to international pressure to isolate Iran over its nuclear programme, RIL in January 2009 had stopped exporting gasoline or petrol to Iran. And from February 2010, it stopped buying crude oil from the West Asian nation.
handhold investors through laws and regulations. Interacting with reporters here yesterday, Minister for Power, Coal and New and Renewable Energy Piyush Goyal, currently in the US, said investors have mainly expressed concerns on two issues - health of power distribution companies and different regulations and regimes in states. “One very good suggestion... is we should have a help desk in Delhi or different parts of India which can help investors navigate different tax laws and regulatory mechanisms. As soon as I get back, I am looking at setting that up,” he said. The Indian
NTPC Enters Into Wind Energy, Invites Bids for 100 MW Project in India NTPC Ltd., the country’s biggest power generator, is entering the wind energy segment for the first time. The state-owned company has invited bids from contractors to set up a 100 MW wind energy project - or two projects of 50 MW each - anywhere in
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Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd (IREDA) is likely to be the nodal agency that would set up such help desks.
India. The winner of the contract will implement the project from concept to the commissioning stage and subsequently monitor it, according to the document inviting bids. The deadline for submission of bids is June 14.
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Tata Power Strengthens its Renewable Portfolio; Successfully Commissions 44 MW Lahori Wind Farm Project in MP
Tata Power strengthens its Renewable portfolio; successfully commissions 44 MW Lahori wind farm project in Madhya Pradesh Tata Power, India’s largest integrated power company, today announced the successful commissioning of its 44 MW Lahori wind farm project, located in Shajapur district of Madhya Pradesh. Tata Power has developed this project through its 100% subsidiary, Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL). With this addition, Tata Power’s total installed capacity now stands at 9,183 MW, besides 2 Million customers it serves through retail power distribution. The 44MW Lahori wind farm project is expected to generate approximately 84 million units (MUs) per year. TPREL also has a further 500 MW of wind capacity under development and construction in the states of Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka. The company continues to pursue avenues to add clean and renewable energy generation capacities to increase its portfolio. Speaking on the commissioning, Mr. Anil Sardana, MD and CEO, Tata Power, said, “The commissioning of 44 MW wind farm project fortifies Tata Power’s vision of generating significant percentage of its total generation capacity from clean energy sources. The project is a clean energy project, which will enhance and increase the Company’s clean energy footprint, across its value chain. This is our fourth wind asset and we are in constant look out for similar opportunities in respect of wind and solar plants. This is yet another step towards the Company’s commitment to sustainability and contribute towards building the nation, stronger.” TPREL proposes to grow its capacity through organic and inorganic means over the next few years. TPREL’s strategy emphasizes the development of clean energy generation from non-fossil fuel and renewable energy sources to balance the carbon emissions from fossil fuel based generation capacity while contributing towards energy security of the country. ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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O rder
and Contract
ACME Bags Orders for 200 mw Solar Projects
Renewable energy firm ACME has won bids for developing 200 mw solar power projects under auctions conducted by SECI and NTPCBSE 0.50 % in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. “ACME won the largest share of 150 mw out of 400 mw at fixed tariff of Rs 4.43 per unit in addition to Viability Gap Fund of Rs 55 lakh per mw. The tender was floated by SECI under JNNSM Phase II,” ACME said.
through SECI. ACME has also won a 50-mw project under the NTPC tender in Telangana, which sought bids to develop 350 mw under ‘Open Category’.
According to the statement, the company will commission the project within 13 months from the date of
signing of the PPA with Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI). The project will generate approximately 7,500 million units during its 25 years tenure and supply power to AP Discom
RPP Infra Partners With Siemens to Bid for a Power Project
Toshiba Transmission wins ` 226 crore Contract in Kenya
RPP Infra Projects Ltd said it has entered into a consortium agreement with Siemens for submitting a joint bid to Power Grid Company of Bangladesh to install substations.
Toshiba Transmission and Distribution Systems (India) Pvt Ltd today said it has bagged Rs 226 crore contract from Kenya Power and Lighting Company for around 8,000 distribution transformers. In a statement, TTDI said the ‘Made in India’, transformers will be from the company’s manufacturing facility in Hyderabad.”
In a BSE filing, RPP Infra Projects Ltd said “it has entered into a consortium agreement with Siemens Ltd, India for submitting a joint bid to Power Grid Company of Bangladesh in respect of design, supply, erection, testing and commissioning of 400 KV, 230 KV and 132 KV substations.” “The said substation would operate under the name of consortium of ‘Siemens Ltd and RPP Infra Projects Ltd, India. Siemens will be partner incharge of the consortium,” it added. “This is step in right direction for RPP Infra Projects Ltd to go overseas in the International markets for executing projects,” RPP Infra Projects Ltd CMD Arulsundram said. 26 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
“The order entails installation of distribution transformers along transmission and substation networks connecting power plants and end-consumers in Nairobi, Mombasa and surrounding regions,” it further said. TTDI will fulfil the order over a period of three years, starting in June 2016. “The repeat order from KPLC for distribution transformers reinforces our commitment to establish India as a manufacturing base and export hub for African countries and is a testimony to the superior quality products made in India by Toshiba,” TTDI Chairman and Managing Director Katsutoshi Toda said.
ACME bagged the project after placing the financial bid for a tariff of Rs 4.67 per unit for 25 years. It will be commissioned within 13 months from the date of signing of PPA with NTPC and is expected to generate around 2,500 million units during its tenure and supply power to Telangana Discom through NTPC.
KPTL Wins New Orders Worth ` 1,150 crore Engineering firm Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd (KPTL) said it has bagged new orders of over Rs 1,150 crore in domestic and overseas markets. “KPTL has secured new orders/notification of award in excess of Rs 1,150 crore,” the company said in a BSE filing. Elaborating, the company said it has bagged a Rs 930-crore project for construction and supply of 225 kv and 90 kv overhead transmission lines in West Africa. “The project has been awarded to KPTL and its wholly-owned subsidiary Kalpataru Power DMCC and will be delivered by respective entities,” it added. The second order is constriction of 220 kv and 132 kv sub-stations, transmission lines and feeder bay work of Rs 220 crore from Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission Company.
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Wires and Cables India’s infrastructure financing requirements and the new manufacturing policy will not only open up USD One Trillion opportunities for global investors over the next five years but also boosts the Indian cable market to become the fastest growing major market, overtaking China, in a few years.
- By N.P.K Reddy
Key Points : • Rapid economic growth:7.6% growth projected in 2015-16 against the government’s more modest expectation of 7-7.5% growth. India’s economy will grow five-fold in the next 20 years. • India’s economy is capable of absorbing $50 billion in foreign direct investment per year. • India’s infrastructure financing requirements and the new manufacturing policy will open up USDOne Trillion opportunities for global investors over the next five years. • The Indian automobile industry which is the 7thlargest in the world has currently been estimated to have a turnover of USD 73 billion, accounting for 6 per cent of its GDP. It is expected to record a turnover of USD 145 billion by the end of FY2016. • The Indian real estate market size is expected to touch US $180 billion by 2020 (CREDAI).
A
wire refers to a flexible metal strand or rod that is used to bear mechanical load or conduct electricity. A wire is commonly formed by drawing strands of metals such as copper or aluminum through a die or draw plate. A cable comprises two or more wires which are bonded, twisted, or braided together to form an assembly. The wires and cables are encapsulated with non-conducting plastic materials, usually PVC or polyethylene, to impart protection to users and the surrounding environment. The main customers for the wire, cable and conductor industry are the Automotive, Energy, Infrastructure, Construction and Telecommunication industries. In the past few years, these have witnessed a rapid expansion and have led to an annual growth of about 25% in India. The analysts forecast the electric wire and cable market in India to grow at a CAGR of 16.18% over the period 2015-2019. A new market research report published by Markets and Markets estimates that the active optical cable (AOC) market will reach USD 3.43 billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 27.10 per cent. The report underlined that increasing bandwidth requirements and huge deployments of data centers are factors that will drive this growth. Data centers are expected to lead the AOC market for end-user applications. Data
centers also need a broad portfolio of fiber optic modules to connect servers, switches, and storage, which is accomplished by active optical cable. In addition, the consumer electronics market is an emerging market for AOC owing to its application in 4K TV, digital signage sectors among others. AOC for InfiniBand is expected to show high growth as InfiniBand is scalable and supports quality of service (QoS) as well as it is highly efficient among other protocols. The interface of this protocol in commercial applications such as server and supercomputers are playing a key role in the market growth. The market in Asia-Pacific (APAC) is expected to grow at highest CAGR between 2016 and 2022 because of the rapid usage of active optical cable in China. Increasing adoption of AOCin data centers and consumer electronics market among others is also expected to drive the AOC market in APAC. The Government of India (GoI) has begun to focus primarily on Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) with major Infra projects. With an investment need of about USD 450 billion (until 2012), the infrastructure construction is the growth engine for the construction industry, especially for the development of the transport sector. As per the details provided in the Automotive Mission Plan 2006-2016, the GoI is geared up to double the
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automobile industry’s contribution to the country’s GDP by 2016 and furthermore intends to create 25 million new jobs in the industry. Also, the telecommunication market in India is the 3rdlargest in the world and it is the fastest growing. This growth is being witnessed in the wireless and telephony sectors. Furthermore, in the Internet sector, the Govt. is making endeavors to provide the rural regions of India with broadband connections. The wire and cable market in India is expected to eventually focus on supplying cables for specific applications tailored to certain industry needs. India, already, has a lot of potential in sectors like mining, power, metro railways, oil and gas, cement, and steel to name just a few. Different kinds of cables, like extra high voltage cables, elastomer cables, etc., are now being used for special applications such as mining, oil drilling, and shipbuilding. Special cables are also used in crane, elevator, solar power plants, new generation motor vehicles, windmill solutions, and security systems. On the other hand, one of the key market drivers in the conductor industry is upgradation of transmission and distribution network systems. This industry will continue to prosper owing to demand from ancillary industries and also due to the nationwide smart-grid implementation. The slow shift towards renewable energy is also expected to provide opportunity for this industry. The rising cost of raw materials and competition from Chinese imports are the main challenges in this industry today. As the price of copper continues to increase, profit margins are reduced and the companies find it difficult to compete in the international market. Furthermore, importance of certifications like ISI & BSI is also required for better working operations. Some of the key vendors observed in cable and wire market in India are - Finolex Cables - Havells IndiaPolycab Wires - Sterlite Technologies. Other Prominent Vendors include - Cable Corporation of India - Cords Cable Industries - Diamond Power Infrastructure - General Cable Energy ||www.electricalmirror.in||
India - Gupta Power Infrastructure Ltd. - KEC International Ltd. - KEI Industries - LS Cable India - Paramount Communications - R R Kabel - Shilpi Cable Technologies - Universal Cables – VGuard Industries. --- (According to “prnewswire”) Market status and Competition The wire and cable market in India has come a long way, from being a small industry to a very large one, over the past decade. The industry is mostly volume driven, although it comes with a lot of technical and quality nuances. Over the last 20 years, the industry has shifted from being an unorganized sector to an organized one, although 35% of the industry continues to be a part of the unorganized sector. The market has been growing steadily, and according to recent research at Netscribes, it is expected to touch INR 572 billion by the year 2018. The wire and cables industry predominantly provides challenging opportunities in the field of manufacturing, supply chain, procurement, marketing and HR.The wire and cables market in India comprised of nearly 40% of the electrical industry. According to research, it is expected to double in size in the next 5 years. The industry is growing at a CAGR of 15% as a result of growth in the power and infrastructure segments. It is also believed that increased per capita electricity consumption is also likely to boost demand for cables. Another important driver is the rollout of 3G and broadband on a pan-India basis. It is predicted to boost the market as demand will increase and players will look to enhance broadband penetration levels. The main customers of the wire and cable industry are the automotive, telecommunication and construction industries. In the past few years, these three have witnessed a rapid expansion and have led to an annual growth of the industry of about 25% in India.The competition has also increased among cable manufacturers. The increased focus on renewable energy, grid interconnections, and economic development are expected to drive the demand for transmission & distribution cables across the world.
And talking on industry trends, due to the impact of the economic slowdown, the market witnessed a decline in the growth rate from 2009. However, the market observed strong growth rate from 2012 onwards. Capital spending and investments in industries worldwide is expected to further boost growth of the market. The economic recession had its effect on the transmission and distribution sector, and due to the ongoing financial crisis in many countries, the pricing of the cable has become a competitive parameter. Moreover, the electric utilities are expecting the cable manufacturers to reduce the prices. Furthermore, due to the cancellation of transmission expansion plans and delays in orders, the competition between existing players has also increased. Companies are adopting various strategies to counter the competition and survive in the market. Some of them include merger and acquisitions, focus on custom and high end products, increased emphasis on R&D, plant closures, exploring new markets and so on. Major corporations involved in the competition are South wire Company, Prysmian, General Cable, Okonite Company, Alcan Cable, and many others. Many countries are integrating their regional grids to form a nationwide grid. The idea is to have seamless flow of electricity across the nation. The development of renewable energy is further supporting the grid interconnection. High emphasis on the commercialization of renewable energy throughout the world is expected to drive the growth of T&D cables. Renewable energy resources are often at far off places where the transmission network is not available. In the future, lot of expansion in the transmission network is expected to transfer the electricity from the far off power plants to the load centres. Moreover, as the Asian countries develop, energy trade between them is expected to rise. Furthermore, in many countries, the transmission networks are not reliable enough to transfer the electricity from the growing number of power plants. The increased focus on renewable ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
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COVER STORY energy, grid interconnections, and economic development are expected to drive the demand for T&D cables across the world. Right of way permissions cited as the biggest hurdle in speedy roll out of OFC Citing limited spectrum for cellular services, it can be said the government should come out with an industryfriendly policy to facilitate the rollout of optical fibre across the country. Optical fibre cable (OFC) will be more valuable than the spectrum in coming days. Spectrum is limited and also has gone in the different tangent. In the country we don’t have proper policy to help optical fibre roll out. Industry needs a friendly policy for this. Almost 90-95% mobile usage takes place when a person is at home, office or somewhere stationed.If we have optical fibre reaching at these places then through Wi-Fi hotspot (created with help of OFC), we can provide services and 90% of our work will be done. But right of way permissions, which are digging trenches in cities to lay fibre, is the biggest hurdle in speedy roll out of OFC. Govt. should mandate every new building to have provision for OFC in design plan like it is required in case of other amenities — electricity, water pipeline. This will make building future ready and meet Prime Minister’s vision of Digital India. Market Outlook of Cables Business India will remain one of the strongest growth stories in the Asia Pacific region. The current cyclical recovery coupled with improvements in the ease of doing business that have largely happened ‘beneath the radar’ are positive signs for India’s long-term growth and corporate earnings environment. India’s GDP outlook, as far as long term growth prospective
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is concerned the potential for India is one of the highest in the region. India has been trending GDP growth of 6-7% or even more. So, aggregate topline GDP growth is strong and driven by favorable demographics and lower per capita income, which allows more rapid growth. The economy is on an upward trajectory, and that’s helped by a more accommodative central bank, with rates and inflation coming down. That is starting to favor corporate earnings cycle which is the key thing for markets. The impact of Govt.’sreforms has been like a glass half-empty-half full. The half empty part is some headline reforms
such as GST not yet being passed. On the constructive side, there have been micro level reforms, such as the ease of doing business. This is facilitating macro growth. This should translate into better corporate earnings. The longer term positive drivers or 5-year growth potential is the fact that we have cyclical recovery in the economy which appears to be the beginning of a cyclical upturn in profits. The above macro indices of growth
hold true for the cable industry in India as well. The Indian cable market could become the fastest growing major market, overtaking China, in a few years. The telecom sector in India is a good example of post reform major success. The mobile telecom market is increasing every month by addition of 18 to 20 million as compared to China’s growth of 10 to 12 million a month. The growth in this area has been exponential and has surpassed all estimates. This trend is also anticipated for the growth of internet connections and broadband deployment. Hence demand for OFC’s is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 17%. Today India is already the 3rd largest consumer of optical fiber in the world and shall soon be the 2nd largest market in the world. Exciting new events such as major contracts from Army and Navy, Indian Railways, introduction of 4G services, rollout of Fiber to the Home, and plans to lay a nationwide network of OFC to connect the country’s 1.2 million villages will act as major growth driver in the sector.On the other hand, the huge growth for mobile telephone lines has resulted in a decline of fixed line telephones and as a consequence the demand for copper telephone cables (JFTC) has declined steadily and is expected to be restricted to replacement demand only. In fact several factories which were manufacturing JFT cables have now closed down. On the other hand, the power sector in India is yet to show the explosive growth as seen in the Telecom sector. This is despite the acute shortage of power in the country. Greater investments have been allocated to the T&D areas. Double digit growth is expected in the installation of 400 kV lines and HVDC lines above 500 kV with the highest growth being charted for transmission lines of 765 KV and above.The energy cable market in India was estimated ||www.electricalmirror.in||
at USD 3 billion in 2010 increasing at a CAGR of over 10%. This can be broadly divided into following segments: [1] High voltage HV (> 132 KV): USD 300 million. [2] Medium voltage MV (11 to 66 KV): USD 900 million. [3] Low voltage LV: USD 1.8 billion. [4] Building: USD 800 million. [5] Distribution: USD 800 million. [6] Specialty: USD 200 million. The fastest growing segment is that of HV cables where the market after being sluggish for many years has now picked up and is projected to double in the next three years. In addition to the projected growth in power generation and transmission, the rapid pace of urbanization is also expected to contribute to enhanced demand for underground high voltage cable installations in place of overhead lines.In the medium and low voltage power cable field, the growth is fueled by the boom in the power, industrial, realty and construction sectors. A large segment of low voltage cables is composed of building wires whose market is conservatively estimated at
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USD 800 million. Another sector which deserves separate mention is the automotive sector. The Indian passenger car market is slated to grow to over 9 million per annum by the year 2020, making it the third largest in the world. Currently, India is poised to cross a major milestone by producing 3 million cars and thus overtaking Brazil to become the sixth largest producer. It is also to be noted that Specialty cables have just started to become a significant market with the growth in sophisticated applications in many vital sectors of the Indian economy. Areas contributing to the increased demand for special cables are government of India’s thrust on non-conventional power generation, the growth of mechanized mining and material handling, railways, oil & gas and shipbuilding industries. These areas require the use of flexible cables often designed for use in hazardous conditions. In conclusion, the outlook is rosy, “One of the major requirements for inclusive and sustainable economic
growth is an extensive and efficient infrastructure network i.e. electricity, roads and bridges, ports, airports, telecommunications, railways, etc. The key to global competitiveness of the Indian economy lies in building a high class infrastructure. To accelerate the pace of infrastructure development and reduce the infrastructure deficit, the Govt. has initiated a host of projects and schemes to upgrade physical infrastructure in all crucial sectors. Despite several challenges, the positive results of the Govt.’s initiatives are showing in some sectors. However, required capacity addition in a time-bound manner needs focused attention in other sectors. Power, rail, road and telecom sectors directly affect the wire & cable industry growth.But reforms, though slow, are progressing and participation in the Indian market is a must for all truly global players, as India is on its way to becoming the 3rdlargest economy in the world over the next 15 years”.
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Theme
BharatNet Project : Fast Internet, Slow Implementation The project hitsblockade as limited resource deployment by institutions, issues in coordination and mobilisation pushes deadline by nine months. Key Points : •
A World Bank study has estimated that a 10% increase in broadband connectivity leads to 1.38% increase in Gross Domestic Product(GDP). Broadband penetration in India at present is less than 2%.
•
GoI has approved the setting up of National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN) on 25th October 2011 to provide connectivity to 2.5 Lakh Gram Panchayats of the country, which would ensure broadband connectivity with adequate bandwidth. This is to be achieved utilizing the existing optical fiber and extending it to the Gram Panchayats.
•
Broadband is a tool for improving the lives of people by providing affordable and equitable access to information and knowledge. For individuals, broadband has direct impact on their day to day life style. Contributes towards increased trade and employment avenues.
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Information and communication Technologies (ICT) applications such as e-Commerce, e-Banking, e-Governance, e-Education and Tele-medicine require high speed Internet connectivity. NOFN will facilitate this.
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The NOFN project is estimated to cost about Rs. 20,000 Cr. The project will is funded by the Universal Service Obligation Fund.
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The committee has proposed to rename the project as BharatNet, which is to be completed by December 2017 at an estimated cost of Rs 72,778 crore.
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The project, once complete, will enable the Centre to provide e-services & e-applications nationally and a minimum of 100 Mbps bandwidth is to be made available at each GP with non-discriminatory access to the network for all categories of service providers.
•
Rs 3,054.43 crore has been released till October 31, 2015, by the USOF to BBNL.
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Project Objectives : To carry on the business of establishment, management and operation of NOFN which has been envisaged by the GoI to provide high speed broadband connectivity to all gram panchayats, also to provide access to bandwidth in a non-discriminatory manner to all eligible service providers to enable them to provide services in rural areas. About the Project
BSNL, RailTel and PGCIL.
The Government has approved a project in 2011for creation of National Optical Fibre Network to connect all the Gram Panchayats (approximately 2,50,000 Gram Panchayats)through 7 lakh kilometers of Optic Fiber Cable. NOFN aims to connect all Gram Panchayats in the country for providing broadband through OFC’sof Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs) viz. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), RailTel and Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) and laying incremental fiber wherever necessary.Dark fibre network thus created will be lit by appropriate technology thus creating sufficient bandwidth at the Gram Panchayats. The initial estimate for the project is Rs. 20,000 Crore. The project is being funded by Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) and is being executed by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) viz. Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL). BBNL is getting the project executed through three CPSUs viz.
At present Optical Fibre Cable connectivity is available in all State Capitals, Districts, HQs and upto the Block Level. The project provides Non-discriminatory access to the NOFN to all the Service Providers. These service providers like Telecom Service Providers(TSPs), ISPs, Cable TV operators and Content providers can launch various services in rural areas. Various categories of applications like e-health, e-education and e-governance etc. can be provided by these operators. The Bharat Broadband Network Ltd. (BBNL) has been granted National Long Distance Operating (NLDO) license by DOT to w.e.f. 01.04.2013. In NOFN the technology called GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network Technology) is beingutilized. A passive optical network (PON) is a network architecture that brings fiber cabling and signals to the home using a point-to-multipoint scheme that enables a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises. Encryption maintains data security in this shared environment. The ||www.electricalmirror.in||
architecture uses passive (unpowered) optical splitters, reducing the cost of equipment compared to point-topoint architectures. The GPON standard differs from other PON standards in that it achieves higher bandwidth and higher efficiency using larger, variablelength packets. GPON offers efficient packaging of user traffic, with frame segmentation allowing higher quality of service (QoS) for delay-sensitive voice and video communications traffic. The main components of GPON technology are OLT, ONT/ONU, Splitters, OF cables etc.C-DOT has also inked technology transfer pacts with six Indian vendors which include Indian Telephone Industries Limited (ITI Ltd), Tejas Networks, VMC, Sai Systems, UTL and SM Creative to manufacture the gear on winning the contracts[citation needed]. UTL emerged as the competitive bid winner and obtained the GPON supply contract for a value of approximate Rs 1000 Cr. The companies like ITI Ltd, Tejas Networks, Sterlite, ZTE and Larsen & Toubro lost this deal to UTL. The roll out of GPON is being carried out.
Pilot Projects BBNL has embarked upon pilot projects in three blocks covering 58 Gram Panchayats in three different states. These blocks are Arian in Ajmer district (Rajasthan), Parvada in Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) and Panisagar in North Tripura district (Tripura). The objectives of conducting a pilot project are as follows: • The learning on technology choice and network architecture. • Experiences gained in addressing ground realities in rural domain. • NOFN NOC (Network Operation Center) related issues being
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developed by C-DoT- its integration and its testing at pilot locations. • Experience gained by participation of TSPs, ISPs and application providers in utilizing bandwidth created by NOFN with respect to deliverables committed by BBNL. • Synergisation by DIT/DoT to work together for pilots and plan the template for pilot testing of G2C services. • Integration of NOFN pilots with existing networks from Blocks upwards. Also address the interfacing of NOFN with access operators at GPs.Synthesis of learning from the pilots and cross learning amongst 3- CPSUs in execution strategy. TRAI recommends PPP model for the project In its recommendations to the government, the telecom regulator has suggested broadening of the work of Private Sector Company. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has recommended public private partnership (PPP) that aligns private incentives with long term service delivery in the vein of the BuildOwn-Operate Transfer (BOOT)/BuildOperate-Transfer (BOT) models as the preferred choice for the national broadband network, BharatNet. In its recommendations to the govt., TRAI suggested broadening of the work of Private Sector Company or concessionaire to include deployment and implementation of optic fibre cable (OFC) as well as operating the network. TRAI says, “The scope of the concessionaire’s work should include both - deployment and implementation of OFC and other network infrastructure as well as operating the network for the concession period”. According to TRAI, “Right-of-way is being perceived as a major risk by the private sector, for which safeguards should be put in place to reduce such risk and increase participation”. As per the regulator, period of concession should be of 25 years which
can be further extended in block of 10, 20 or 30 years. The regulator had floated a consultation paper on the implementation model for BharatNet in Nov 2015, following which comments were sought from various stakeholders.TRAI has suggested that concessionaires be selected through a reverse bidding process to determine min. viability gap funding (VGF) sought for the concession. The area of implementation may be analogous with the licensed service areas (LSAs) of the state/union territory, it added. The use of reverse bid process to determine the lowest VGF sought can ensure that amount of support from public funds in rational, the regulator said.TRAI has suggested that central and state government should become minority partner of the concessionaire with 26 per cent stake as it can lower the perceived risks and cost of obtaining private finances for the project. It has recommended that both thegovt.’s should become anchor client of this project to purchase minimum bandwidth of 100 Mbps at market rate as well as suggested arm’s length relationship between concessionaire and service providers, adding that 50 per cent of the optical fibre should be reserved for telecom and cable service providers. In addition, this can help the government check monopolistic behavior on the part of the concessionaire. Bid to push rollout With the NOFN rollout facing hurdles, especially right-of-way (RoW) issues, the idea of states implementing their share has been welcomed by the Centre, and has the ability to speed up this ambitious project.An active role for states is being seen by the Centre as a bid to expedite project execution and tide over RoW hurdles, as states such as Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat are among those seeking their participation to be conditional to them getting the mandate to take up their leg of the project on their own. Amid RoW hurdles stymying the NOFN, a vital component of the NDA govt.’s Digital India push that aims at plugging the rural connectivity gap, the Centre has given in to the demands made by ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
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Theme a section of states to implement their part of the scheme on their own. On the BharatNet project for connecting 2.5 Lakh gram panchayats (GPs), anyhow states have come on board. Some like Tamil Nadu want to go with their own model, which is very fine. According to govt. officials involved in the exercise, the NOFN project — envisaged as a Centre-State joint effort where states were expected to contribute by way of waiving off the RoW charges — is running behind schedule. An internal assessment by the Dept. of Telecommunications (DoT) suggests that it is unlikely to be completed by its deadline of December 2016. While in 2014-15, plans were afoot to execute work for 1 lakh GPs, which was later scaled down to 50k GPs, data up to Mar’15 showed that only about 20k GPs had been covered under the NOFN — just about 40% of the planned target. As on 6th Dec, 2015, OFC laying in 32,272 GPs had been completed and 76,624 kilometer fibre laid, according to latest govt. data. Then we have SPV model where the states and Centre are working together. So far 18 states have come on board. We took about 30 years to lay down 10 lakh kilometre of OFC. With 3-year plus, we are going to lay down 7 lakh kilometres. With respect to the funding requirements, as against an indicative cost of about Rs 20,100 crore for the NOFN project, an amount of Rs 3,054.43 crore has been released till 31st Oct, 2015, by the USOF to BBNL, a SPV created under the Companies Act of 1956 for execution of the NOFN project. A review done by the DoT in mid-2015 showed that the biggest hurdle dogging the project is the right-of-way (RoW) issue. Despite the Centre having agreements with the state govt.’s for getting the RoW available free of cost, officers involved in the implementation have reported back that ---“whenever they go to lay the optical fibre, they run into construction and population issues… even in the fields, the farmers have objections”. 34 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
As a counter, Andhra Pradesh is learnt to have come up with a model under which it proposed to float its own corporation that will take up the work of laying the OFC network. A state govt. official said that Andhra Pradesh (AP) as communicated to the Centre that the funds earmarked to be spent for this project in AP should be handed over directly to it as support. The state has also indicated that it is willing to put in the rest of the money on its own as it wants to further scale-up the project and utilize the infrastructure for multiple uses than what was originally envisaged by the Centre. And with AP’s proposal being accorded a go-ahead by the Telecom Commission, following which Tamil Nadu and Gujarat have come up with a similar proposal for the implementation of the NOFN project. The Centre is now looking at this option as a way to tide over the rightof-way hurdles. There may be more states which may come up and take up this project on their own. If they take up this project on their own, many problems will be resolved, I opine. Apart from the RoW issue, the other big challenge flagged by the implementation agencies is the lack of availability of contractors who can execute the kind of specialized work required for a project of this scale. It is observed that, to tide over some of these problems, states where private contractors can take up a project of this scale on their own have been instructed to set aside the model of the PSU-driven projects and instead hand over the job on a turnkey basis to these project contractors.Other hurdles include the non-availability of PLB ducts (used for laying OFC’s) at various sites in the states, delay in the finalization of OFC trenching and laying tenders by implementing utilities. Incidentally, to review the NOFN implementation strategy and approach, the govt. had constituted a committee on January 14, 2015, which held discussions with the implementing CPSU’s and BBNL to understand the challenges and problems faced by them in implementation. The committee
submitted its report on March 31, 2015, where it highlighted three broad issues — NOFN technology and architecture; implementation strategy and broadband service delivery using NOFN. Anyhow, the changes suggested by the committee have not been incorporated in the scheme as yet. Despite push, need right course for ‘RoW’
Lack of clarity on ironing out hurdles in acquiring RoW is a major glitch in the BharatNet project.A new set of recommendations on the implementation scheme for the ambitious project may provide a fillip to this nation-wide programme.While the TRAI recommendation aim at a PPP push for the project, the glitch, however, continues to be the lack of clarity on the need to iron out the hurdles in acquiring the RoW and building in adequate incentives for the private sector.One critical recommendation has been the one to allow private sector to generate revenue from extra capacity. For instance, if the private company builds up the fibre network and 50 per cent of it is used by BharatNet, it can make money the way it wants from the remaining unutilized 50 per cent. ---According to TRAI, “RoW is perceived as a major risk factor by the private sector, safeguards recognizing such a possibility and outlining the steps to be taken must be put in place under the agreement to attenuate such risk and encourage participation. Guaranteed provision of RoW is a necessary and non-negotiable precondition to successful deployment of BharatNet, subject to the reinstatement of public property to its original condition. ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 35
Theme Concessionaires shall be entitled to proceeds of revenue from dark fibre and/or bandwidth,” it said.
project.
Well among the other suggestions by TRAI that are beneficial for the They have recommended safeguards, private sector, include selection of but details on how & when will be concessionaires through a reverse crucial. It is a critical enabler for the bidding process to determine rollout of the OFC network. Details minimum viability gap funding sought will be awaited by project participants for the concession. The use of reverse about how timely clearances will bid process to determine the lowest be obtained for RoW. Beyond RoW, VGF sought can ensure that amount of another important aspect of the project support from public funds in rational, is the need to have an administrative the regulator had said.To keep a & governance framework that will check monopolistic behavior on the assure access to the fibre to operators part of the concessionaire as well as in non-discriminatory, time bound, lowering the perceived risks and cost cost efficient through a single window. of obtaining private finances for the This would be a critical enabler towards project, TRAI had suggested that central journey of being a Digital India. & state govt. should become minority partner of the concessionaire Active Gram Panchayats as on 21stMarch 2016 with 26 % stake.The regulator State Count Executing Agency has also suggested that period Assam 507 BSNL of concession should be of 25 years which can be further Bihar 130 BSNL extended in block of 10, 20 or Chandigarh 12 BSNL 30 years. Chhattisgarh 435 BSNL Haryana
125
BSNL
Karnataka
2,699
BSNL
Kerala
1,129
BSNL
Madhya Pradesh
56
BSNL
Maharashtra
97
BSNL
Rajasthan
192
BSNL
Uttar Pradesh
185
BSNL
Uttarakhand
87
BSNL
Andhra Pradesh
15
N.A
Jharkhand
127
PGCIL
Odisha
36
PGCIL
Telangana
5
PGCIL
Gujarat
116
Railtel
Puducherry
100
Railtel
Tripura
65
Railtel
Total GPs to be covered in phase I by BSNL
84,366
Railtel
8,678
PGCIL
7,156
Total Number of GPs where PFC 42,892 has been laid till March 7, 2016
Private sector cannot be deployed in this project without giving them incentives first. Private sector needs to be involved in investment, in infrastructure and then in running the 36 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
Anyhow, the project, having missed several deadlines, is unlikely to be completed by its deadline of December 2016. So far the progress in numbers is as follows: • 1,00,000 : Number of gram panchayats (GPs) that were initially targeted for implementation • 50K : No. of GPs the plan was scaled down to. • 20K : No. of GPs have been covered under NOFN which is just 40% of planned target. • Rs 3,054.43 crore has been released till October 31, 2015, by the USOF to BBNL. • Rs 20,100 cr is the indicative project cost. On conclusion: BharatNet project: Fast internet but slow implementation The project, once complete, will enable the Centre to provide e-services and e-applications nationally and a minimum of 100 Mbps bandwidth
is to be made available at each GP with non-discriminatory access to the network for all categories of service providers. But the project hits blockade as limited resource deployment by institutions, issues in coordination & mobilisation pushes deadline by 9 months.The DoT has come down hard on RailTel for slow progress of work relating to the project, which it said holds high importance for PM. In a letter to RailTel dated March 7, 2016, the DoT pointed out that its progress on laying down optical fibre cable (OFC) has been “very poor” and only 6,152 km has been laid even as optical fibre duct has been laid for 10,144 km.“I do not need to over-emphasize the importance given to the programme by the PM. If the matter continues in this manner without any perceptible improvement in the progress as suggested above, the matter may be viewed seriously by the PM,” said the letter written by N Sivasailam, additional secretary, DoT. While the government’s flagship NOFN project targeted to provide broadband connectivity to 1 lakh gram panchayats (GPs) by March 2016, it has now been deferred to December 2016. However the officials commented, “Ministry is pushing for it and the target would be met by the end of the year.” But problems continue and there still seems to be question marks over the state-run executing agencies -vis. BSNL, Railtel and PGCIL that were entrusted with the task of laying incremental fibre. These are now running way behind their targets - meeting the deadline of December 2016. So far and as against 358 kms of OFC laid till June 2014, as on March 14, 2016 the optical fibre pipe has been laid in 53,584 GPs and the cable was laid in 42,892 GPs. But this still leaves around 57,000 GPs where OFC is still to be laid in less than 10 months for meeting the target of 1 lakh GPs. While BSNL has been entrusted with laying OFC in 84,366 GPs in the first phase, RailTel and PGCIL have to cover 8,678 and 7,156 GPs, respectively.
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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 37
Theme According to a report prepared by the Standing Committee on Information Technology that was presented in the Lok Sabha on December 21, 2015, while the OFC laid by the three state-owned companies till May 31, 2015 accounted for 20% of their aggregate targets, RailTel made the slowest progress. While BSNL had laid 37,822 km of OFC accounting for 22% of its target, PGCIL laid 3,110 km of fibre cable accounting for 14% of its target. RailTel on the other hand had laid only 1,717 km of OFC accounting for just 8% of its target. However, till March 7, 2016, Railtel had raised it to 6,152 km at a pace of around 500 km per month. Earlier this month, Critics had blamed limited resource deployment by institutions as one of the key factors for not being able to meet the March 2016, timeline of NOFN project. Anyhow, considering the vastness of project execution, the very limited resources deployed by institutions, coordination with multiple agencies, time required for tendering, mobilisation of physical resources and the budgeted resources, the timeline for completion of NOFN project could not be met. Though the govt. may be confident of meeting the target of connecting 1 lakh GPs by Dec 31st, there are stiff challenges that lie ahead for these companies. The DoT official, in his letter to RailTel, pointed that the company has to lay 8,000 kms of duct over the next 8 months which means 1,000 km per month and 400 kms of OFC per week. It also instructed Railtel to, “Discuss the matter with the contractors & increase the no. of fronts where works are taken up so that trenching work is expedited to at least 300 km/week to increase the no of fronts where works are taken up.” Ravi Shankar Prasad,Hon’ble Minister DoThad written to Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu raising concern over the slow progress made by RailTel and asking him to review at his level. In his letter dated Feb 10, 2015, to Prabhu, Prasad writes“I am writing this letter to share with you my serious concern over the lack of progress by RailTel in this important project. While RailTel 38 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
Optical Coverage
was to have laid about 22,788 km of optical fibre cable before Mar 2015, I understand that the achievement so far is only 550 km; which amounts to roughly 2 per cent of the target. Consequently, as against the target of 8,106 GPs to be covered by RailTel by March 2015, only 260 GPs have been completed so far”. Few days later, on 27 Feb’15, Aruna Sundararajan, the then administrator, Ministry of Communications and IT wrote a letter to RK Bahuguna, CMD, RailTel, expressing concern over the progress made by the company. She went on to say in the letter that “The casual approach and disregard displayed by the top management and the officer’s handling the project in RailTel is indeed regrettable.” In conclusion, the outlook is radiant --- initiated in 2011 the project was to be funded by Universal Service Obligation Fund with the aim of providing broadband connectivity to over 2 lakh Gram Panchayats. It aimed to leverage the existing fibre optical network of Central utilities (BSNL, RailTel and PGCIL) and laying incremental fibre wherever necessary to bridge the connectivity gap between panchayats and blocks. BBNL was created as a public sector undertaking for its execution. While RailTel was allotted EIGHT states and THREEUTs, the company has shown progress in Tripura, Puducherry and Gujarat in terms of some connected Gram Panchayats. There has been no progress in the remaining SIX states and TWOUTs.It is also important to note that even in Gujarat, which is the Prime Minister’s state and where BJP has been in power, the completion of project is way off the mark. While RailTel had been entrusted laying OFC in the 5,735 GPs, as on Mar 7, 2016, the OFC laying was completed only in 1,859 GPs.Overall the task of rolling out broadband network should be given to a concessionaire selected through reverse bidding. The funding should be done to bridge the loss incurred due to higher operational expenses and lower commercial accruals.
State-wise number of GPs that have been connected with optical fibre under NOFN (as on 6 Dec 2015) States/ UTs
No. of GPs
Jammu & Kashmir
32
Himachal Pradesh
14
Punjab
1,605
Haryana
2,375
Rajasthan
2,764
Chandigarh
12
Uttarakhand
508
UP (West)
1,466
UP (East)
3,907
Bihar
1,675
West Bengal
565
Sikkim
0
Assam
450
Jharkhand
544
Odisha
1,173
Andaman & Nicobar
0
Arunachal Pradesh
0
Nagaland
103
Manipur
24
Meghalaya
44
Tripura
356
Mizoram
0
Madhya Pradesh
3,454
Chhattisgarh
1,029
Gujarat
1,250
Maharashtra
2,616
Daman & Diu
0
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
0
Karnataka
4.033
Andhra Pradesh
0
Telangana
1,046
Tamil Nadu
0
Kerala
1,129
Puducherry
98
Lakshadweep
0
Goa*
-
Grand Total
32,272
*All the GPs of Goa are already connected with optical fibre.
||www.electricalmirror.in||
||www.electricalmirror.in||
ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 39
Focus
Transformers
Iron Nitride Transformers New Method to Make Transformers Lighter, Better, More Efficient and Could Boost Energy Storage Options Energy storage is one of the greatest problems faced by the researchers in the modern advanced society. A simple example will help in illustrating this point, if you have solar panels installed on your roof but it has limited energy storage capabilities, which can’t be enhanced unless you are willing to spend some extensive amount on the moderation. A group of researchers has found a smart way to develop magnetic materials, which can act as a cheaper but immensely greatly performing transformer of high frequency. This can help increasing the widespread adoption of the renewable energy on the global level, which will help in getting a cleaner planet for our future generations. Yes, we are talking about the Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories in the USwho had developed a way to make a magnetic material that could lead to lighter and smaller, cheaper and better-performing high-frequency transformers, needed for more flexible energy storage systems and widespread adoption of renewable energy. Transportable energy storage and power conversion systems, which can fit inside a single semi-trailer, could make it cost effective to rapidly install solar, wind and geothermal energy systems in even the most remote locations. Such modular systems could be deployed quickly to multiple sites 40 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
with much less assembly and validation time. The new manufacturing method enables the creation of transformer cores from raw starting materials in minutes, without decomposing the required iron nitrides, as could happen at the higher temperatures used in conventional method, the researchers said. Using this method could make transformers up to 10 times smaller than they are currently. Due to its magnetic properties, iron nitride transformers can be made much more compact and lighter than traditional transformers, with better power-handling capability and greater efficiency. They will require only air cooling, which is another important space saver. Iron nitride also could serve as a more robust, high-performance transformer core material for the electrical grid. So far, Researchers have demonstrated the fabrication of iron nitride transformer cores with good physical and magnetic characteristics and now are refining their process and preparing to test the transformers in power-conversion test beds. Sandia manufactures iron nitride powders by ball-milling iron powders in liquid nitrogen and then ammonia. The iron nitride powders are then consolidated through a low-temperature Field Assisted Sintering Technique (FAST) that forms a solid material from loose powders through the application of heat
and sometimes pressure. The FAST manufacturing method enables the creation of transformer cores from raw starting materials in minutes, without decomposing the required iron nitrides, as could happen at the higher temperatures used in conventional sintering. And using this method could make transformers up to 10 times smaller than they are currently. FAST also enables the net-shaping of parts, meaning that iron nitride powders can be sintered directly into perfectly sized parts, such as transformer cores, which don’t require any machining. Also due to its magnetic properties, iron nitride transformers can be made much more compact and lighter than traditional transformers, with better power-handling capability and greater efficiency. Iron nitride also could serve as a more robust, high-performance transformer core material across the nation’s electrical grid. Advanced magnetic materials are critical for next-generation power conversion systems that use high-frequency linked converters, and can complement Sandia efforts in ultra-wide bandgap device materials for improved power electronics systems. Transformers of this type can withstand higher frequencies and higher temperatures, which ultimately result in high power density designs. More Efficient and Superior Energy Storage Options : ||www.electricalmirror.in||
A theoretical transformer devised by researchers from the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has the capability to store Energy in a cheap and compressed manner. Researcher’s team from SNL had already discovered a method to design a special magnet which could revolutionize the working of transformers and produce a miniaturized, cost effective, high frequency transformer. It will also help in the global promotion of renewable energy sources as a better alternative to conventional exhaustible sources, and also work as an effective energy storage device. The team processed iron nitride (γ’-Fe4N) powders by ball-milling iron powders in liquid nitrogen and subsequently in ammonia. In the next step, the iron nitride powder is physically strengthened using low-temperature FAST which generates solids from loose powders by applying heat and pressure. Switching to the FAST method makes it possible to construct the core of the transformer, in a matter of minutes, without disintegrating the desirable Iron Nitrides. Another key attribute of this method allows the net-shaping of parts, which implies that the Iron Nitride powders can be directly moulded into shapes such as that of transform cores without any machine action. Owing to its magnetic properties, Iron Nitride transformers can be made more condensed and lighter in comparison to conventional transformers. Such a design also greatly boosts the efficiency and power handling capacity of the transformer. FAST manufacturing method also paves a way shape the parts as per the need. In simple words iron nitride powers can be effectively utilized to form specific sized parts with ease and simplicity. Creating transformer core will be lot easier with the FAST method and it will certainly require the use of heavy and complex machinery also. Transformers made up of iron nitride will be more compact as well as lighter than the currently available transformers. They will also have much better efficiency and power handling capability, which is mostly needed today. According to the team, the ||www.electricalmirror.in||
system can vastly enhance the energy storage process and power electronic equipment. The research work was supported by the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Energy Storage Program in the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, and is a part of the collaborative projects among the Sandia National Laboratories, University of California, Irvine and the Arizona State University. Future prospect of these high frequency transformers This great invention can help in boosting the renewable sector. Renewable energy products sector is going through lukewarm success period due to higher costs and lower returns. It will take years before one will actually start seeing the benefits of the renewable energy due its expensive installation and onset costs. Having these high frequency transformers made up of iron nitride will help in getting more juice out of the renewable energy products, which will ultimately help in getting better returns within a short along with immense power generation. It will also help in bringing improved power electronic power systems in future. These system will be able to perform exceptionally well at the higher temperatures and frequencies alike. Researchers had already filed a patent application for the materials used in the synthesis process. Technology Summary Nanocrystalline iron nitride is an important soft magnetic material; however, conventional methods of production don’t exist. Synthesis of dense Nanocrystalline iron nitrides is not possible by simply annealing elemental iron in NH3 at temperatures in excess of 600° C since γ’-Fe4N and other iron nitrides are unstable above 600°C and will decompose. Sandia researchers h a v e discovered that by using a two-step reactive m i l l i n g process and
high pressure spark plasma sintering (SPS) they can quickly and efficiently fabricate bulk γ’-Fe4N parts. The first step in this novel synthesis process takes pure Fe powder (such as commercial gas atomized iron powder) and cryo-mills it using liquid nitrogen, producing a finer grained material with a significant amount of vacancies, grain boundaries and dislocations, allowing for faster diffusion of nitrogen gas into the iron crystalline lattice. Unlike typical Fe powder, cryo-milled powder allows nitriding during the second ball-milling step with NH3 to occur at room temperature, eliminating the need for high temperatures. Finally, the raw iron nitride Nanocrystalline powder is sintered to form dense iron nitrides (such as γ’-Fe4N) using SPS, which prevents significant grain growth and decomposition of iron nitride phases due to its low sintering temperature (< 600 °C), fast heating rate, and brief consolidation cycle. The resulting product is produced in less time and with considerably less energy than conventional methods. Additionally, through the use of shaped dies, SPS can directly create parts using a process called net-shaping, which completely eliminates the need for follow-up machining. Parts, such as toroidal and E-core shaped transformer cores, can be fabricated directly from raw iron nitride powders. There are vast technological benefits using this technology some of which include but not limited to be its cost effectiveness nature, time saving and environmentally friendliness. And Usage in Electronics or magnetics manufacturing, Renewable energy storage, Transportation, Grid scale energy, Distributed energy at the home or consumer level, and for use of Defense purposes are some of its extensive potential applications.
ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 41
Interview
SANJIB MITRA Vice President Transformer Division ELECTROTHERM速 (INDIA) LTD
We take care of line harmonics while designing the Transformers so that it can easily handle current and voltage surges for uneven load conditions. 42 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
Q
. You have entered the industry in 1983. It is a long time, so what are the changes you have seen in the industry since your establishment ?
A very vast experience about practical & day to day issues have been nicely gathered which depicts a large change on mega scale. However, the basic fundamental remain same everywhere. To cut the long story short, we can say that industrial operations are becoming smart but more complex day by day with engagement of more & more automations at various platforms. Process improvement projects are continuously being monitored at the highest levels in each and every industrial sector which continuously demand compact yet more efficient equipments having least or no down time. Naturally, maintenance free equipments are most suitable for the desired efficiency of each & every Industrial sector for their economy and thus to sustain the competitive edge of domestic and global market.
Q
. What are the products you offer in the market?
We are pioneer in manufacturing and supply of Transformers of Special applications where either the current is a big challenge or Voltage. So, all sorts of special Transformers are included in our basic offerings. These Transformers help Industries to supply uninterrupted power to their various process plants on a seamless manner.
Induction Furnace Duty / Rectifier Duty / Converter Duty / Electric Furnace duties are few to name.
Power and Distribution category Transformers are also in our portfolio where we supply low loss Transformers to help industries save electricity bill. This also helps the Transformer life by generating less amount of heat inside the Transformer Tank and thus safeguard the insulation in core coil assembly.
Q
. How do you see the present condition of transformer industry in India? ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 43
Interview There is a rapid change in governance of the Distribution range of Transformers. The Central Government has made a mandate to manufacture only low loss Transformers by all the Transformer manufacturers. All Distribution Transformers are nowadays following new standard, IS 1180 in place of OLD IS is IS 2026. As per IS 1180, Transformers are star rated and consumers can order out based on desired star rating they are looking for. This will help the countrywide distribution network loss to minimize to a large extent. Within next 2 years time the network loss is expected to go down by almost 50 %. This will not only help the Discoms to cut down their energy losses but will help over all Indian economy by a great extent.
Q
. What are the advantages your Transformer range offers?
Since inception we are using prime core and use of that has been helping our customers to save on electricity. The design of our Transformers are quite compact and at the same time they are very efficient. Each Transformer is designed exclusively to suit the particular application. Thus thermal capacity of Transformers goes up and with low loss designs it never fails even in peak summer condition while running continuously on full load. We also take care of line harmonics while designing the Transfomers so that it can easily handle current and voltage surges for uneven load conditions.
Q
. Could you give us a brief about Electrotherm Immodo Renewables Ltd.?
We have a JV with this renowned company for design and development of Solar Substations on kW and MW scale. Their technological edge and vast experience in this field has been very helpful for us to develop many
44 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
We are definitely looking for taking further and bigger challenge to serve the country with better products which are environmental friendly and make our customers more competitive in their business environment. of our products which has been well appreciated by domestic and global market.
Q
. What are the opportunities you are seeking for your company from the renewable sector?
There is a huge development all through the country in Solar Power. Every year 1 GW power is getting added in renewable sector for last two years. The pace is very high and in next 5 years time, we see a massive opportunity in Solar Power sector in terms of supply of Transformer. The Solar Power needs multi winding, high efficient Inverter duty Transformers. We are now the no. one supplier in the country. Our experience of multi-winding design is the most in the country and hence ET is the most preferred supplier. ET make Transformers are
catering for 1200 MW consolidated Solar Power Generation in India and by end of 2016 this figure will cross 1500 MW.
Q
. What are the challenges and opportunities do you see in Indian power sector?
There is an ample opportunity in power sector in India. With the enormous growth scale of Indian Power sector in renewable energy segment, manufacturers are getting huge opportunity to fulfill the heavy demand. There is an absolute synergy all through the country for core manufacturing industries to produce more and sale more. The Make In India concept is pumping more and more resources in Indian industrial environment & thus creating up beat in Indian economy scale. A cohesive atmosphere is present all through in demand supply chain creating a very positive challenge for Industries to do more & more better.
Q
. What will be you major focus areas for next 4 or 5 years? Where would you like to see Electrotherm in the next 5 years?
ET is already a leader in Special Transformer Industries. We are sure that our beloved customers will surely find more and more utility in using ET products and would endorse ET for their upcoming projects. We are definitely looking for taking further & bigger challenge to serve the country with better products which are environmental friendly and make our customers more competitive in their business environment.
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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 45
Technical
Review
Dissolved Gas Analysis of Transformers
In The health of the oil is reflective case a of the health of the transformer. transformer is found With available initial values of operating with lower DP various gases in oil, their rate values, the best remedial action would be to up-grade of rise in oil can be monitored to know the inside behavior of the liquid insulation and a transformer. reduce the load on DGA test is a loss prevention transformer. technique to know inside
happenings of a transformer. The presence of various gases in transformer oil can predict the faults which could happen in future and allow & guide maintenance engineers to take a timely preventive action. This test is carried out on transformer oil / liquid which can give an early indication of abnormal behavior of the transformer. The test analyses the amount of abnormal gases present in oil and also the rate of rise at which they produce. In case a transformer is overloaded or suffers high temperatures rise for various reasons, it reflects in higher content of CO / CO2 / Methane and Ethylene. This happens due to cellulose degradation due to high temperature. Local overheating can also generate gases like Methane, Ethane and Ethylene. It can originate from a loose tap switch contact, poorly brazed joint, shorting of core laminations, loosely bolted joint or core getting earthed at 2 points accidently, causing circulating currents. Very High content of hydrogen gas and its very fast rate of rise in oil indicate corona discharge inside transformer. It is important to know that hydrogen keeps on generating inside de-energized transformers also. So, careful analysis should be done so as to avoid a healthy transformer being declared sick. Arcing inside the transformer tank generates acetylene C2H2. Arcing creates temperature of app 1800 degree C. It is generally followed by operation of Buchholz relay on transformer. Sometimes, surge element of relay operates before gas reaches the relay and gets trapped. There are various methods of interpretation: TDCG guideline Doernenburg method Rogers technique Basic gas ratio Duval Triangle Ratio of CO2 / CO Ratio of C2H2/ H2 Out of above, the most successful is IEC Duval Triangle method, though all others are equally useful in different conditions. But all of them state about the gas contents, their rate of rise
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and ratios. None of them differentiates between Anurag Malhotra 2 test results in different size Director - GEW transformers. Trafotech Pvt. Ltd. For example, 50 PPM of acetylene in a 1000 KVA and 100 MVA transformer have the same meaning for these standards. But think of the intensity of spark in 100 MVA transformer which produced 50 PPM in app. 40000 L of oil; against 800 L in case of 1000 KVA? The nature of spark is different in both, though end results are same. Certainly, both have different meanings, not yet covered by standards. Here comes the role of an engineer who can diagnose the gases carefully in co-relation with other tests, to arrive at a right conclusion. DP test is carried out on paper samples from transformers, hence, not practical due to in-accessibility of active part while transformer is in service. Another test can reflect the DP value of paper i.e. Furan analysis. Moreover, ageing of paper is not uniform in all parts of transformer. So, this misleads. Degree of polymerization (DP) of a fresh insulation paper is defined as 1200. As it starts deteriorating, this value falls down; and when the paper becomes total black, brittle and near charring, it shows a value of 200. This is the end of life of paper. Furanic compounds are typically present from 50 ppb to 10000 ppb according to the age and condition of the transformer. Therefore, direct analysis and quantification of these compounds serves as an indicator of the age and health of the transformer. Their values can nearby predict the remaining age of a transformer. Due to circulation of oil in transformer, it attains uniform values and therefore, is an easy way to assess remaining life of a transformer. Transformers with DP value lower than 350 should not be shifted or transported from their existing locations, otherwise there are more chances that they will not work at new site. Due to jerks in transportation, the brittle paper may fall and become reason of transformer failure. Age of solid insulation in transformer can-not be reversed. Age of liquid insulation can be reversed. 2 Furaldehyde DP value content in PPM
Significance
< 0.1
800-1200
Healthy
0.1-1
500-800
Moderate deterioration
1-10
250-450
Extensive deterioration
> 10
< 250
End of life
The values indicated are app. Only. In case a transformer is found operating with lower DP values, the best remedial action would be to up-grade the liquid insulation and reduce the load on transformer.
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individual wiring diagrams and an integrated assessment according to various standards. Our wide range of transformer test sets covers everything from conventional tests such as power factor up to modern methods like dielectric frequency response and SFRA.
Electric Diagnostic Measurements of Power Transformers – An Overview
www.omicronenergy.com
• Faulty connection of the Introduction AD16063-Power-Transformer-Testing-200x270mm-Electrical-Mirror-ENU.indd 1 measurement tap Power transformers are some of the most costly components of a grid. Not • Aging and moisture only the enormous costs, but also high • Cracks in laminated paper bushings replacement times can be a problem and thus partial discharges for the operator. • Oil leak from oil-impregnated With focused testing of power bushings transformers, potential defects and 3.1.1. Practical examples faults which can lead to a transformer’s breakdown can be detected at an early The capacitance (C) and power factor/ stage. This can extend the lifespan of dissipation factor (tan(δ)) test is the a power transformer and ensure the most current and effective method for assessing the condition of transformer reliability of the network. or bushing insulation. Typically, the Since the individual parts of a power tests are performed with varying transformer are exposed to different voltages. A measurement with variable stress, the focus should be on faultfrequency provides further information prone components. Figure 1 shows the for a reliable condition diagnosis. statistical distribution of the defects, depending on the individual parts Measurements over a very broad of a power transformer. The data is frequency range allow for a detailed based on the evaluations of 112 faulty assessment of the aging condition. transformers which were examined Figure 2 shows a 220 kV resin impregnated paper bushing which was between the years 2000 and 2010. stored outside. The active part of the bushing was exposed to all kinds of weather conditions in order to examine the aging process of a bushing that was intentionally stored incorrectly. Figure 3 shows the measurement results of the frequency-dependent dissipation factor measurement. The first measurement was performed directly after the removal of the bushing. The second measurement Figure 1 : Statistics of defects in power after three months, and the third measurement after more than seven transformers months. The three measurement curves (source: ISH2011 Assessment of Power indicated that moisture has a very large Transformer reliability) influence on the dissipation factor. 1. Transformer Parts and Sources of Therefore, a high moisture content Defects results in high dissipation factor values, especially at low frequencies. The 3.1. Bushings Over 11 % of all transformer failures minimum of the curve moves towards result from defects in the high-voltage higher frequencies. bushings. Testing the high-voltage bushings is therefore necessary in order to detect potential sources of defect at an early stage and to be able to initiate additional maintenance. Potential sources of defect could be: • Partial breakdowns between Figure 2 : 220 kV resin impregnated capacitive layers paper bushing 50 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
2016-04-27 10:32:05
Figure 3 : Dissipation factor, depending on the frequency 3.2. Tap changer The majority of power transformer failures is caused by defects of the tap changer. Most tap changers consist of the following two components: • Tap selector • Diverter switch The tap selector switches between two consecutive taps without a current flowing and is located directly in the transformer tank. The diverter switch changes from one tap to the next without interrupting the flowing current. It is located in a separate oil compartment. During the switching operation, the short circuit current is restricted with commutation resistors. Figure 4 shows a tap changer with a tap selector and diverter switch.
Figure 4 : Tap changer Static winding resistance measurements can detect faulty internal contacts, such as the switching contacts of diverter switches and tap selectors, loose connections, short circuits and even interruptions between conductors. The transient switching ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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operation of the diverter switch can be analyzed more precisely performing a dynamic resistance measurement. Bad or chattering contacts of the tap charger can be detected. The objective of this test is to ensure a proper switching operation of the diverter switch without interruptions. 3.2.1. Practical examples During routine tests on a power transformer, unusual winding resistance values were measured in phase B. Figure 5 shows the measured winding resistance of the high-voltage side dependent on the position of the tap charger.
Figure 5 : Winding resistance measurements The curve shape of the winding resistance indicates an increased contact resistance of the diverter switch. In order to illustrate this interpretation, the design and operation of a tap changer must be considered in advance. The curve shape of the winding resistance indicates an increased contact resistance of the diverter switch. In order to illustrate this interpretation, the design and operation of a tap changer must be considered in advance. As described in the general section about tap changers, a tap changer consists of a tap selector and a diverter switch. Figure 6 illustrates the switching operation.
Figure 6 : Switching operation 52 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
The tap change is initiated by the tap selector which is without current. Then the diverter switch moves from the starting position A to B via the commutation resistors. This interruption-free switching operation lasts 40 ms to 80 ms. The shape of the winding resistance measurement curve indicates an increased transition contact of the diverter switch in one of the positions A or B. Considering the data at hand, the diverter switch was inspected in detail and a defective spring contact of the diverter switch was discovered. Figure 7 shows two examples of defective circuit breaker contact.
Figure 7 : Defective spring contact of the diverter switch After the repair of the spring contact, the winding resistance measurement is performed again (Figure 8). The winding resistance measurements of phase A, B and C were located in the same dimension and showed no other defects.
Figure 8 : Winding resistance measurements after repair 3.3. Windings Over 32 % of transformer failures result from winding damage. Measuring the winding resistance, magnetizing current, transformer turns ratio, short-circuit impedance and frequency response analysis (FRA), the transformer winding can be tested for mechanical deformations, short-circuits between windings, interruptions and faulty contacts. The
winding material consists of paperinsulated copper wire. On the basis of a dissolved gas analysis (DGA), the CO2 to CO ratio can be calculated and thermal problems of the winding can be determined at an early stage. The frequency response analysis is an efficient measurement method for detecting geometric changes inside the transformer and the winding. The frequency response analysis delivers a unique frequency response, comparable to a fingerprint of the transformer. This frequency response remains unchanged as long as the R-L-C components of the transformer remain the same. Figure 9 shows the simplified R-L-C equivalent circuit diagram of a transformer.
Figure 9 : Simplified R-L-C equivalent circuit R1 ohmic resistance of the primary winding L1 leakage inductance of the primary winding Cs serial capacity of the primary winding Cg parallel capacity against copper/core Lm magnetization inductance Rm magnetic losses of the core N1,N2 winding gear ratio of the deal transformer C12 mutual coupling capacity between HV and LV winding L12 mutual coupling inductance HV and LV winding Figure 10 shows the typical frequency response of a power transformer from 20 Hz to 2 MHz with identification of the different frequency areas (see listed below).
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Figure 10 : Frequency response from 20 Hz-2 MHz LF1 represents the linear area of magnetization inductance Lm LF2 resonance points generated by the magnetization inductance Lm and the parallel capacity Cg MF area of mutual coupling or the interaction between HV and LV winding HF1 represents the transformer winding HF2 represents the influence of the measurement setup and connections Mechanical and electrical changes lead to a change in the frequency response. In comparison, short-circuits lead to a change in the magnetization inductance, whereas mechanical changes lead to shifts in the resonance points. Figure 11 illustrates geometric changes and their effects on the resonance frequency.
Figure 11 : Influence factors of the resonance frequency 3.3.1. Practical examples A 115 kV power transmission line dropped onto a 34.5 kV power transmission line during maintenance work and generated a short-circuit, ||www.electricalmirror.in||
which was detected by a differential protection. This led to the shutdown of a 115 kV / 34.5 kV transformer. In order to ensure the safe reconnection of the transformer, a DGA measurement was performed, which showed an increase in acetylene content to 21 ppm. A lot of energy is required to produce acetylene. For a closer inspection regarding the reason for the increased acetylene content, a frequency response analysis was performed. Figures 12 and 13 show the frequency response of the high-voltage and low-voltage side, respectively.
Figure 12: Frequency response of the high-voltage side
Figure 13: Frequency response of the low-voltage side The frequency response of the high-voltage side does not indicate any deformations of the high-voltage winding. However, the frequency response of the low-voltage side, phase v in particular, shows clear deviations compared to phases u and w, starting from 10 kHz. This curve shape is described in the CIGRE Working Group A2.26 /342 as a kink in the winding. The measurement results led to the decision to remove the active part from the transformer and the kink was discovered on the suspected
phase v. Figure 15 shows this kink on phase v.
Figure 15 : Kink in the phase v winding 3.4. Core 7 % of the transformer failures could be related to core problems, such as mechanical deformations, missing core groundings or short-circuited laminations. The transformer core is one of the most expensive parts of the transformer. It leads the magnetic current and is the carrier of the windings. The integrity of the core can be examined by performing magnetizing current, capacitance and dissipation factor measurements, as well as dissolved gas analysis (DGA), and frequency response analysis (FRA). 3.4.1. Practical examples A dissipation factor measurement was performed on a 30 MVA three-phase transformer. The measurement at 50 Hz did not show any unusual results for the CH and CHL measurement. However, the CL measurement produced an alarming result of a dissipation factor of 1.3 %. Figure 16 shows the dissipation factor dependent on the voltage and Figure 17 shows the dissipation factor dependent on the frequency.
Figure 16 : Voltage dissipation factor ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
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Article This effect can be explained via the geometry and structure of the power transformer. Figures 19 and 20 show the measurement results of the repeated measurement with shortcircuited resistors.
Figure 17 : Frequency dependent dissipation factor The dissipation factor of CL shows a linear increase with frequency. Such a curve shape can be simulated via a serial equivalent circuit. Further inspection and assessment of the transformer documents revealed that the transformer core was grounded via resistors. Since iron conducts electricity, the induced voltage generates eddy currents in the iron, which leads to additional heat losses. Eddy currents increase with the square of the induced voltage. These eddy currents can be reduced using resistors. Resistors also reduce the potential between the isolated core layers. Figure 18 shows the resistors that caused the increased dissipation factors of the CL measurements.
Figure 18 : Resistors of the core grounding Repeating the CL measurement with short-circuited resistors produced a correct dissipation factor value of 0.33 %. Also the values of the CH insulation were not determined correctly, since the influence of the grounding resistors influenced the CH measurement, but not as much as the CL measurement. 54 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
Figure 19 dissipation resistors
network operator’s responsibility to prepare a suitable inspection plan for the condition assessment. 5. References [1] S.Tenbohlen, Assessment of Power Transformer reliability, ISH 2011 [2] CIGRE Working Group A2.34, 445, Guide for Transformer Maintenance, February 2011 [3] CP TD1 Reference Manual, OMICRON electronics [4] CIGRE Working Group A2.26, 342, MechanicalCondition Assessment of Transformer Windings using FRA.
: Voltage dependent factor without core
Figure 20: Frequency dependent dissipation factor without core resistors 4. Summary Conventional and modern diagnostic testing allows a profound analysis of the condition of power transformers and the localization of potential sources of faults and defects at an early stage. Regular measurements and condition based maintenance can significantly reduce the probability of failures and extend the life expectancy of power transformers. Therefore, it is recommended to perform the tests described in this article as well as additional tests to determine the overall condition of power transformers in service. Finally, it is within the
About the Author : Michael Rädler has a diploma degree in industrial engineering obtained by the University of Applied Science in Mittweida, Germany. Since September 2013 he is product manager of OMICRON’s multifunctional power transformer test set CPC 100 and the frequency response analyzer FRANEO 800. After he graduated from the HTL (Federal Secondary College of Engineering) in Bregenz, Austria, in 2007, he started his professional career as an application engineer at OMICRON electronics, focused on power transformers. ||www.electricalmirror.in||
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Benefits of Power Quality
Power Quality : Power quality is the set of limits of electrical properties that allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner. Increase in the use of semiconductor equipment’s, programmable logic controllers and adjustable speed drives leads to the increase in the power quality problems. The power generated has high predictable characteristics, but once when the power delivered is transferred through various equipment’s, the characteristics changes considerably high generating lot of power disturbance. 80% of the power quality problems are generated within the facility.
Common power quality problems: The following are the common power quality problems, • • • •
Continuous equipment failures Overheating of the machineries Tripping of breakers and fuses Voltage flickering, fluctuation, & transients • Frequent process failures Voltage and current distortion in the mains is caused mainly by non-linear receivers which take non-sinusoidal current. The most frequently found non-linear receivers include: • Drive equipment - inverters, motor soft start systems, controlled and uncontrolled rectifiers, DC power supplies, etc.
• Electro heat equipment high-frequency induction furnaces, arc furnaces, induction heaters, welding machines, pressure welding machines (for sheet, film, etc.), microwave devices, lasers etc. • Lighting equipment - discharge lamps, lamps with frequency conversion (compact fluorescent lamps), arc lamps etc.
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• Typical household equipment radio receivers, computers, printers, microwave ovens etc. • Office equipment - computer stations, servers, monitors, UPS's, copiers, air conditioners
Flicker In terms of power quality, flicker means periodical changes of the luminous intensity as a result of fluctuations of voltage supplied to light bulbs. This phenomenon causes a deteriorated well-being, annoyance, sometimes headache, that is arduousness for people. The tests have proved that maximum arduousness occurs at the frequency of about 9 changes per second. The most sensitive light sources are traditional incandescent bulbs with tungsten filament. Fluorescent lamps have the best flicker "resistance". The flicker is caused by the voltage drop as a result of connecting and disconnecting large loads and some level of flicker is present in the majority of mains systems.
Unbalance Unbalance is a term connected with three-phase systems and can refer to: • Supply voltage unbalance • Load current unbalance • Receiver unbalance In three-phase systems, the voltage (current) unbalance occurs when values of three component voltages (currents) are different and/or the angles between individual phases are not equal to 120° These phenomena are particularly dangerous for three-phase motors, in which even a slight voltage unbalance can cause current unbalance that is many times larger. In such situation, the motor torque is reduced, heat losses in windings increase, and mechanical wear is faster. The unbalance also has an unfavourable effect on power supply transformers.
Voltage dips and interruptions(Sag, Swell &Interruption) Sag (Dip) : Sag is a decrease to between 0.1 and 0.9 pu in rms voltage or current at the power frequency for durations from 0.5 cycle to 1 min. Voltage sags are usually associated with system faults but can also be caused by energization of heavy loads or starting of large motors. Swell : A swell is defined as an increase to between 1.1 and 1.8 pu in rms voltage or current at the power frequency for durations from 0.5 cycle to 1 min. As with sags, swells are usually associated with system fault conditions, but they are not as common as voltage sags. One way that a swell can occur is from the temporary voltage rise on the un-faulted phases during an SLG fault. Interruption : An interruption occurs when the supply voltage or load current decreases to less than 0.1 pu for a period of time not exceeding 1 min. Interruptions can be the result of power system faults, equipment failures, and control malfunctions. The interruptions are measured by their duration since the voltage magnitude is always less than 10 percent of nominal. The duration of an interruption due to a fault on the utility system is determined by the operating time of utility protective devices.
Higher harmonics in the mains All equipment’s listed above take current in a non-linear way, causing the harmonics and number of such devices is growing. In practice, the harmonics higher that the 20th are very rare and usually have very low values, hence the standard for harmonics analysers is minimum 25 harmonics, and there are devices which can record 50 harmonics or more. Higher harmonics can cause various unfavourable effects in the mains system: • Overheating of neutral conductors or buses ||www.electricalmirror.in||
Power Quality Analyzer
To Measure Voltage & Current Power factor Harmonics Flickers Transients
Solution For Harmonics Passive Harmonic Filter
Active Harmonic Filter
Power factor correction and to reduce the ampliication of the
Compensate reactive power factor of lagging loads
harmonic generation.
Improves overall power distribution system efficiency
Eliminate all harmonic currents from non-linear loads
Contact :
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Sonel Instruments India pvt ltd 1b, Natwest Vijay, Velachery main road,
Sales@sonel.in
www.sonel.in
044-42642728
Pallikaranai, Chennai - 600100.
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• Losses in transformers, including transformer damage • Capacitors can be damaged in power compensation system during the resonance, causing explosion • Losses in electric motors, not only energy-related, but also faster mechanical wear • Connection problems, particularly for residual current devices • Faulty operation of electronic devices, including their damage • Data transmission and processing problems • Voltage dips and interruptions
Fig : Harmonics plot from Sonel PQM 702power analyser The objective of the electric utility is to deliver sinusoidal voltage at fairly constant magnitude throughout their system. This objective is complicated by the fact that there are loads on the system that produce harmonic currents. These currents result in distorted voltages and currents that can adversely impact the system performance in different ways. As the number of harmonic producing loads has increased over the years, it has become increasingly necessary to address their influence when making any additions or changes to an installation. To fully appreciate the impact of these phenomena, there are two important concepts to bear in mind with regard to power system harmonics. First is the nature of harmonic-current producing loads (non-linear loads) and the second is the way in which harmonic currents 58 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
flow and how the resulting harmonic voltages develop.
Guides & Government Regulations As per the CEA regulations 2007, for Harmonics limitation generated from the industry, it is required to maintain the current Harmonics I TDD within 8% and voltage harmonics V TDD within 5%.
Solutions to maintain limit harmonics • Applying a series of inductance in the front of the dc circuit fed by Adjustable frequency drives (AFD).
This dc choke is equivalent to ac side line reactor even though the THD of is very less in dc choke. This helps in reducing the odd harmonics, especially the 5th and & 7th harmonics. • Applying a series of line inductance the adjustable frequency drives is one of the methods to reduce the harmonics to the maximum of 40% on the produced level. The greatest advantage of this it is low cost, but the disadvantage is the
harmonic reduction is not done to the maximum level • Getting applied with the 12 pulse convertor is one of the best techniques to reduce harmonics. The harmonic from one convertor is fed to the next and about 85% of the harmonics is reduced from by this technique. Advantage is its low cost, but the disadvantage is that the phase shifted sources are critical for the performance. • In spite of many other filters solutions, the best solution is adding shunt active harmonics filter to the load. This requires a highly sophisticated setup, to inject equal and opposite harmonics to the load, and these systems are able to cancel the harmonics generated by the load. These systems monitor the harmonics generated by the non-linear load and cancel these non-linear harmonics by injecting in the opposite manner. The harmonic cancellation can be from 2nd to the 51st harmonic in the market. • The neutral conductors size can also be recommended to increase 1.73 times, or use a separate neutral conductor of each system, but this is a highly impossible technique for the office building setup, which will generate a complete data scattering over the building Conclusion : Advantages of maintaining good power quality is reduction of heat, vibration, and noise in your ac motors, resulting in reduced energy expenses, improved machine performance, reliability, and longer life expectancy of electrical assets. Shyam Ravindran Msc. Engg, Director, Sonel Instruments India P. Ltd Email : shyam@sonel.in
Fig : Line Inductance (passive filter) ||www.electricalmirror.in||
Smart Cities India 2016 Expo to Unveil What it Takes to Build Smart Cities in India 19th April 2016, New Delhi: The 100 smart cities mission launched by the government to inject our cities with the latest infrastructure and amenities is ambitious and unprecedented. The project requires smart planning and organisation to make Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision a reality. Important factors include, preparing the roadmap with schedules for completion of each task; allotment of funds and resources; technical provisions to build smart cities; involvement of countries, ministries, associations, etc., and how their efforts can be leveraged to create “smart cities” in India. To address these questions, the Exhibitions India Group is organising the 2nd edition of Smart Cities India 2016 expo at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi from 11-13 May 2016. The expo will attract 350 exhibitors from 50 countries showcasing their capabilities over three days. Respected names like Logipix Ltd (Hungary) will display high resolution cameras for city surveillance; Cleverciti Systems GmBH Germany), will display sensors for managing parking; Ecube Labs (Korea), will display IoT based intelligent solutions for managing waste; REC Solar ( Noway), will showcase solar solutions, including integrated manufacturing of polysilicon to wafers, cells, panels and turnkey solar solutions; Sundrax LLC (Russia), will present Intelligent street lights; while Trestor Inc. (Canada), will demonstrate solutions for building smart communities, and many other innovators will demonstrate a wide variety of products and solutions. In addition to the exhibition, 300 leaders from around the world will converge at the conference including: Anders H. Lier (President & CEO, Enoro, Norway); Dr. Chirine Etezadzadeh (Head of Institute, SmartCity.institute
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development. Taiwan is well known for producing advanced technology products. We are keen to take part in this initiative, and look forward to form partnerships with India in this period of growth.”
Germany); Doug Haines (CEO, Haines Security Solutions, United States); Julian Marwitz (CEO, Arineos, Germany); Maria Adahl (Director, Open Arena-Urban Development, Sweden); and Ruben Dubelaar (Project Director, Dutch Sports Infrastructure (FME), Netherlands) , etc. The forum will host concurrent conference sessions on topics including: “Evolution of connected transport ecosystems”; “Make in India”; “Solar rooftops technologies & engineering”; and “Waste management solutions”; “Debt & equity financing”; and “National and international policies and financing models”, etc. The expo will be a platform for other nations to share case studies, insights, and technical know-how while building smart cities in their own countries. Individual country pavilions at the expo will be from the Czech Republic, Holland, Norway, Sweden, and Taiwan. One of the largest pavilions at the expo will be hosted by the Taiwan External Trade Development Council (TAITRA) and Taipei World Trade Center Liaison Office (Mumbai), with more than 100 companies displaying their technologies, products and services. Commenting on their participation, Michael Lin, Director of Taipei World Trade Center Liaison Office, Mumbai, said: “India's economic outlook looks promising, especially with the Indian government actively launching initiatives such as Make in India, Digital India and Smart Cities. The country has demonstrated a strong potential for
Fons Stoelinga, Ambassador of the Netherlands to India, said: “The Netherlands has a long-standing tradition in comprehensive integrated planning. It combines drawing up long-term agendas, working in alliances, planning based on design and research, and producing integrated visions on water, housing, infrastructure, and nature. Our experience has proven helpful in facing the challenges of our urbanizing world. Speaking about the upcoming expo, Prem Behl, Chairman, Exhibitions India Group, said: “Smart Cities are important to transform the lives and living conditions of every citizen in the country. This mission cannot be accomplished without substantial investments from the state and central institutions; international and domestic agencies; NGO’s and corporates; etc. We have received an incredible response from countries and companies to participate in the expo, clearly demonstrating international interest towards the Smart Cities mission launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.” The exhibition and conference will cover many segments, including: Waste and water management; Smart environment; Urban planning; Green buildings; Smart transport; IT & communications; e-Governance; Safety & security; Smart grid; Clean energy; Education & skills to build smart cities; Smart manufacturing; Make in India; Smart health; Disaster management, etc. For more information about the 2nd Smart Cities 2016 expo, please visit : http://www.smartcitiesindia.com
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Case
Study of The Month
1. Introduction : For the last few months, the response of the readers to the case studies on various incidents is overwhelming. Hence this month we are again choosing the write up on similar kind of studies for developing the synchronisation of practical observation to the theoretical concepts. The analysis of each incident being supported by actual observations had been described during the situation to add awareness amongst the operation, testing and commissioning engineers to know the cause of problems and be helpful for easy rectification of the problems. This can also help to develop economic schemes for the smooth running of the operation and control system in the Grid Sub-Station. 2.1 Failure of PT : - In one of the hydrostation after failure of one 6.6KV/110V, when another PT was replaced, the same was failed. On second attempt of replacement also the PT got failed. Observation : 1. Each time the failure was resulting on the primary side of the winding. So it was suspected with the supplied PT for this replacement. 2. So accordingly the name plate of the PT was checked and found with the asked setting of 6.6KV/110 Volt. 3. The testing and commissioning 60 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
VARIOUS CASE STUDIES ON OPERATION AND CONTROL SCHEMES FOR GRID SUB-STATION Contd….
team was inquired about the testing report for review of the results and fund with the results OK. 4. So the reason of failure could not be ascertained. 5. Then the PT primary and secondary resistance of the supplied PT was compared with the healthy PT. In this checking, the results of the supplied PT on both primary and secondary were found less than of the healthy PT. From the resistance measurement comparison the supplied CT was suspected of rating (6.6 KV / √3)/ (110 / √3) V in place of (6.6 KV /110 V). 6. The supplier was inquired and admitted regarding the supply of wrong PT of rating (6.6 KV / √3)/ (110 / √3) V in place of (6.6 KV /110 V) with name plate of (6.6 KV /110 V). Analysis : - Both the ratio of the wrong supplied PT and existing PT are same (6.6 KV / √3)/ (110 / √3) = 60 and (6.6 KV /110 V = 60). So during ratio check of the wrong PT by the testing team, the problem could not be confirmed. More over the name plate as fixed was of 6.6 KV /110 V for which the PT was put into the circuit. But failure of the PT was resulting due to supply of 6.6KV to the winding
designed with 6.6 KV /√3, which is √3 time less. NOTE : - To avoid such problem, while testing the PT, the resistance of the same has to be compared with the existing healthy PT in the system. 2.2. Non-operation of CBCT Earth Fault Relay : An earth fault relay was connected in a cable protection scheme with the use of CBCT. But during earth fault with condition of Phase to sheath Earth was occurring, this relay was not operating. Action Taken : 1. The circuit connections and settings were checked and found OK. 2. The CBCT ( Core Balance Current Transformer- generally used in the cable) was also tested regarding its CTR and connection and found in order. 3. The sheath earth connection was checked and found with earthing at one end ( from the sending end –source end). 4. So this earth connection was changed to receiving end and SVL( Surge Voltage Limitter) was used at the sending end. 5. Then after this rectification, the occurrence of earth fault ( Phase – Sheath) got actuated by the earth ||www.electricalmirror.in||
fault relay used in the system. 1. Generally the occurrence of fault on the cable results towards run side of the receiving end.
1. The figure shows the portion of a 33 KV GIS system. When the B/B CT was tested for ratio by inserting the current cable through the available external hole marked as “C”, the CT behaved accurately.
2. CBCT that used in the cable encircles all the phases and also the sheath of the cable.
2. When it was tried for the primary injection between A and B through conductor, the CT behaved erratic.
3. So during earth fault condition, the current on affected phase along with other phase currents get added vectorialy for the operation of E/F relay.
Actions Taken : - By the use of flux Camera, the path of magnetic flux during the injection between A and B was traced. It was seen that there was flux linking between points D and E through F. This was found to be due to missing of an insulating washer provided in one of the fixing bolts of flange F. Actually, there should not have been electric conductivity between G and H but the defect was the existence of continuity due to the missing washer as was concluded.
Analysis :
4. Before rectification, the un-balance current during E/F condition was getting cancelled by the return current on the sheath, resulting non operation of the relay ( Refer Fig-1). 5. So when the earthing point was changed, only un-balance current during fault got monitored by the E/F relay and accordingly relay actuated for tripping of the sending end breaker. ( Refer-Fig-2) CBCT
E/F Relay
CBCT
Fig-1
2.3 Problem on the stability check for BB Scheme : For a 33 KV GIS, during stability check, the flow of current on the CTs were erratic( Refer Drawing) Observations :
Analysis : As because of non-existence of insulating washer, the leakage magnetic flux was resulting the
E/F Relay
Fig-2
problem in the actual conversion of CTR to the secondary side of the side of the CT circuit. So the ratio was not becoming proper as observed. When the insulating washer was provided, the path got interrupted due to rise of reluctance in the path. So the flux gets its path to link on its secondary side for correct CTR. NOTE : This study has been collected from TNEB engineers’ hand book. 2.3 Non-tripping Rotor E/F Relay : This was observed with non-tripping of ROTOR EARTH FAULT RELAY at one of the Generating Station from the date of commissioning
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date. Observations : 1. The relay was not operating, though there was an earth fault existing in the rotor and operating “Correctly” for a short moment during shutdown sequences. The circumstances which warranted the tracing of the fault and action taken to rectify the defect are narrated in the following lines:2. On three instances at the Generating Station the rotor earth fault relay of the 60 M.W. Hydro generator had acted for a short-while during normal shutdown sequences soon after the shutdown impulse was given. 3. Every time the relay was tested and found to be normal. The I.R. value of the rotor circuit was measured soon after the operation of the relay and found to be low of order 0.2 to 0.3 MOhms. 4. The relay was acting just for a moment during the shutdown sequence and it was not acting during normal running of the machine. 5. While going through the original schematic drawing of the Generator it was observed that the rotor earth fault relay was given wrong connection. 6. The scheme as per the given drawing is shown below In this connection scheme, the rectifiers in the bridges of the relay permit the flow of current when the circuit is closed by earthing the point ‘A’. This current would be due to the D.C. source voltage available at the terminals 9 & 10 of the relay. It could be seen that the D.C. voltage on the rotor is in “subtractive series” connections with the D.C. source voltage of the relay. Hence, if the earthing point is slowly moved from point A towards point B, the resultant voltage across the relay coil would be (V9-10 – VA-F). As long as V9-10 is greater than VA-F, there would be a flow of current through the relay element R. When VA-F becomes greater than V 9-10, the resultant ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
|| MAY 2016 61
Case
Study of The Month
voltage would not be able to drive any current through the circuit since there are the rectifiers in the bridge of the relay which will not permit any flow of current when they are supplied with a voltage of reverse polarity. This means that only a very small zone of the motor from the point A towards B was under protection of the relay so far. (It was confirmed later that the relay current was zero even when the point B was earthed solidly.) The reason of operation of the relay during a particular period of shutdown sequence could be explained below. The Generator at this station has “de-excitation scheme” during shutdown sequence i.e. as soon as the shutdown impulse is given, the main exciter voltage is reversed rapidly to cause “de-excitation of the rotor” before tripping of the field breaker. When the main exciter output voltage is reversed, it comes in “additive series” with the D.C. supply voltage of the relay i.e. the relay gets “correct connection” accidently for a moment and if a rotor earth fault is persisting it measures and operates as like had occurred on all the three occasions. Necessary modification in the scheme was done by interchanging the internal wiring leads in the terminal 9 & 10 of the relay. On doing so, when the machine was run, the relay acted immediately. A persisting rotor earth fault was 62 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
suspected. On earthing the rotor through a 5 K resistor, there was measured a leakage current of 0.75 m.Amps. So far it was not detected by the relay and after modification it has detected. Even with the original wrong connection, the relay should have detected the earth fault when the machine has come to rest i.e when the rotor voltage has come to zero. This was not there and it could be explained as below with an example. Let the D.C. source voltage of the relay be 55 V The setting current required for the relay element to pickup is 1.1 m.amps. Therefore I.R. value detected by the relay =
110 100000
= 1.1 ma
or ) the operating current through ) the relay element) =
55
= 50000 Ohms. 1.1 ma
Hence the relay could operate i.e a fault of 100000 ohms at point B could be detected by the relay only when the machine is in service and the same fault would go undetected when the machine is shutdown since the relay current in the case would be only 55/100000 = 0.55 ma i.e. the “aid” voltage of the rotor is not available now. The relay available at this station is of English Electric make type VME. Such defects with similar type of rotor earth fault relays could be detected only by test-earthing both ends of the rotor while the machine is running. NOTE : This study has been collected from TNEB engineers’ hand book.
This much of low I.R. value will be detected by the relay if the fault is in any portion of the rotor when the machine is shutdown. Let the rotor voltage be 55 Volts. Assuming that the connections are O.K, and a fault of 100000 Ohms occurs at point B when the machine is running. Total voltage available for the) relay element) = 55 + 55 = 110 V Therefore the leakage current
Er P. K. Pattanaik, is presently working with OPTCL as Asst. General Manager (Elect) in E & MR Division, Bhubaneswar- Odisha and associated with the Protection and Control schemes of Electrical systems. He is having 24 years of technical experience in Designing, Testing and Commissioning of Protection Control and operational Schemes, project Implementation, co-ordination, operations & maintenance of Electrical Equipments at various LT/ HT/ EHT level Grid Sub- Stations. He has also published around 70 technical papers in different national/international seminars/journals. ele.pkpattanaik@optcl.co.in
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Trust built on performance Price List of KLJ Group‘s Cable Compounds wef 01.05.2016 PVC Compounds Material
Grade
Application
GP Insulation
KLJ -22
Type A IS 5831
85
GP Sheathing
KLJ-05 H
ST-2 IS 5831
70
RDSO
KLJ-12B I
RDSO Type A
80
RDSO
KLJ-21NDLF
RDSO Type ST-1
70
LT XLPE
KLJ XL 01/02 SC
LT XLPE INS
120
LT XLPE ABC
KLJ XL 01/02 (ABC)
LT XLPE ABC
122
MV XLPE
KLJ XL 11/22 /02
11 /22 KV INSULATION
125
MV XLPE
KLJ XL 33 KV/02
333KV INSULATION
130
Basic Price ( INR ) Ex Factory
XLPE Compounds
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64 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR
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Product
FLIR TG167 : Spot Thermal Camera
Info
The FLIR TG167 Spot Thermal Camera bridges the gap between single spot infrared thermometers and FLIR’s legendary thermal cameras. Equipped with FLIR’s exclusive Lepton® micro thermal sensor, the TG167 lets you see the heat so you know where to reliably measure it. Designed for indoor electrical inspection, the TG167 will help you easily find unseen hot and cold spots in electrical cabinets or switch boxes, giving you quality image detail on even small connectors and wires. Then you can store images and download data to show customers and include in reports. See the Heat°™ - Speed Electrical Troubleshooting. FLIR’s Innovative Lepton® Imaging Engine
66 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
IR
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GTB Transformers GTB Group is a well-established and reputable organization that provides solution for energy management for the last 18 years & professionally managed by professionals and technocrats with more than 25 years of experience. GTB is an ISO: 9001 : 2008 certified company & are based at Ludhiana (Punjab) & Jammu (J&K) under brand name of “GTB”. GTB is one of the leading manufacturers of Distribution transformers from 10 K.V.A. to 4000 K.V.A. upto 33 K.V. Class, having different voltage rations. Their transformers are type tested for impulse test and short – circuit test from Govt. approved testing houses like NTH, Ghaziabad, CPRI, Bhopal & ERDA, Vadodara. All the major components and raw materials are procured as per IS standard and from standard reputed sources like copper from Hindalco, Core (CRGO) imported from Japan, Transformer oil from Apar/Savita from Silvasa, Steel from SAIL/TATA. All the in house arrangements are available with us right from Copper, Aluminum wire & strip drawing, annealing & insulation, core cutting, tank fabrication etc. A separate quality control department is always having a check on these departments to ensure proper quality of the products manufactured by us. The Design and testing facilities available with us are at par with best available in the industry to perform all routine test, strictly as per IS 9815/ IS2026 and with calibrated meters before dispatch. GTB has complete testing lab for transformer oil also. GTB Range Servo voltage stabilizer : These are available in 3 phases, from 30KVA to 2500 KVA. Of ROLLING CONTACT TYPE SERVO VOLTAGE STABILIZER. Transformers : The range includes distribution transfers with or without OLTC, Ultra Isolation and special purpose transformers &auto transformers upto 4000 KVA & upto 33 KV class & dry type transformer (VPI). ||www.electricalmirror.in||
GTB is one of the leading manufacturers of Distribution transformers from 10 K.V.A. to 4000 K.V.A. upto 33 K.V. Class, having different voltage rations. Their transformers are type tested for impulse test and short – circuit test from Govt. approved testing houses like NTH, Ghaziabad, CPRI, Bhopal & ERDA, Vadodara. Besides the above GTB are also capable of re-engineering and repairing all types of transformers upto 3500 KVA. GTB is approved vendor of TATA Project Ltd. and Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) for supply of Transformers. GTB is registered under the quality making scheme of Punjab Government. Leading Inspection agencies are regularly visiting us for Third Party inspection for transformers. GTB is regular supplier to PSEB (Punjab State Electricity Board), UHBVNL (Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Ltd.,) JVVNL (Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.), Our Product Range Includes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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ADVERTISERS INDEX 3M Electro Communication India Pvt. Ltd. ........................................................................................................... 7 CEM Instruments (India) Pvt. Ltd. ............................................................................................................................. 37 Compaq International (P) Ltd. ................................................................................................................................... 9 Electrotherm India Ltd. ................................................................................................................................................ 43 EPCOS India Pvt. Ltd. .................................................................................................................................................... 27 Flir Systems India Pvt. Ltd. .......................................................................................................................................... 15 GEW Trafotech Pvt. Ltd. ............................................................................................................................................... 47 Green Watt Techno Solution Pvt. Ltd. .........................................................................................
IFG
GTB Trasformers ............................................................................................................................................................. 67 Heatflex Cables Pvt. Ltd. ..............................................................................................................
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HPL Electric and Power Limited ............................................................................................................................... 25 India Essen Welding & Cutting 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 35 Indian Transformers & Electricals ............................................................................................................................. 17 ISA Advance Instruments (I) Pvt. Ltd. ...................................................................................................................... 11 K-Lite Industries ............................................................................................................................................................. 21 KLJ Polymears & Chemical India .............................................................................................................................. 64 KVTEK Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. ................................................................................................................................ 39 L & E Expo India 2016 ................................................................................................................................................... 45 Maxwell Scientific Corporation ................................................................................................................................ 31 Megger India ................................................................................................................................................................... 49 M&I Materials India Pvt Ltd ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Mtekpro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. .................................................................................................. IFC, 48, 72 Neutronics Manufacturing Company .................................................................................................................... 31 Next Gen Equipments Pvt. Ltd. ................................................................................................................................ 71 Omicron Energy Solution Pvt. Ltd. .......................................................................................................................... 5 Precision Wires India Limited .................................................................................................................................... 19 Ramelex Pvt. Ltd. ........................................................................................................................................................... 51 Scope T & M Pvt. Ltd. .................................................................................................................................................... 69 Sonel Instruments India pvt ltd ................................................................................................................................ 57 Supermac Industries (India) Ltd. .............................................................................................................................. 65 Tangent Test Technologies ..........................................................................................................
IBC
Vashi Electricals Pvt. Ltd. ............................................................................................................................................. 23 Wire & Cables India 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 68 ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || MAY 2016
55
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EVENT DIARY Month/Date : 22th to 24th, August 2016 Location : Noida Web : www.ies-india.com About Event Indian Exhibition Services is an event management Company, involve in various promotional activities like Exhibition, Seminar & Conferences, Corporate Events, Product Launching, Celebrity Shows, Road Shows, Buyer Seller Meet, Visitor Promotion & Services Related to Exhibitions.
Month/Date : 05th to 07th, October 2016 Location : B. E. C., Mumbai Web : www.wire-india.com/ About Event WIRE & CABLE INDIA, Tube India International and Metallurgy India 2014 confirm leading function of trade fair trio in India. Here you’ll find all the information you need in preparation of your visit to WIRE & CABLE INDIA 2016 - 6th International Exhibition for the Wire and Cable Industry.
Month/Date : 19th to 21th October 2016 Location : B.E.C, Mumbai About Event The event’s exhibition and conference both focus on the areas of photovoltaics, PV production technologies, energy storage systems and solar thermal technologies. Since being founded, Intersolar has become the most important industry platform for manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, service providers and partners of the solar industry.
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Month/Date : 24th to 26th, October 2016 Location : BCEC, Mumbai, India Web : www.powerelec.co.in/ About Event Powerelec India 2016, the international tradeshow and conference on power generation, electrical and Industrial electronics, showcasing the potential of India’s power sector and bring together international suppliers from across the world to India.
Month/Date : 05th to 07th, October 2016 Location : BCEC, Goregaon (East) Mumbai, India Web : www.i-ewc.com About Event INDIA ESSEN WELDING & CUTTING will be opening its doors at Bombay Convention & Exhibition Centre (BCEC) in Mumbai from 05-07th October 2016. Thanks to the cooperation of MESSE ESSEN with MESSE DÜSSELDORF INDIA, IEWC will be held for the 7th time and concurrently with Metallurgy India, Tube India International, Wire & Cable India 2016.
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Please visit us at Hall X, Stall XXXXX
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RNI Regd. No. DELENG/2011/39089 . Postal Regd. No. DL(E)-20/5393/2015-17. Posted at Krishna Nagar P. O. Delhi - 110051 on 14th/ 15th of every month. English . Monthly . Date of Publication 5th of Every Month.
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|| JANUARY 2016
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