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Editor

Dear Reader!

Alka Puri

Associate Editor Shefali Bisht Ambika Gagar

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All rights reserved by all events are made to ensure that the information published is correct; Electrical Mirror holds no responsibility any unlikely errors that might occur. Printed, published and owned by Usha, Published from 13/455, Block No. 13, Trilok Puri, Delhi-110091 and printed at Bright Tree, C-40, Gate No.-4, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020. e-mail: brighttreesolutions@gmail.com

The rational use of electrical energy calls for economical generation, transmission and distribution with little losses. That means restricting all factors in electrical networks that cause losses. One of these factors is lagging reactive power. Loads in industrial and public power grids are primarily of an ohmic-inductive nature. The purpose of systems for power factor correction in networks is to compensate the generated lagging reactive power by leading reactive power at defined nodes. This also serves to avoid impermissibly high voltage drops and additional ohmic losses. The necessary leading power is produced by capacitors parallel to the supply network, as close as possible to the inductive load. Static capacitive compensation devices reduce the lagging reactive power component transmitted over the network. If grid conditions change, the required leading reactive power can be matched in steps by adding or taking out single power capacitors to compensate the lagging reactive power. In this month, we examine the fundamentals of power factor correction, benefits of installing Power factor correction systems and various components used and Economics of improving power factor. The question of â&#x20AC;&#x153;will correcting power factor really reduce my electric billâ&#x20AC;? is not an easy question to answer. However, raising power factor is a proven way of increasing the efficient use of electricity by utilities and end-users. The application of capacitors in the presence of harmonics must be done with care. Economic benefits for end-users may include reduced energy bills, lower cable and transformer losses, and improved voltage conditions, while utilities benefit from released system capacity. Capacitors are an effective, proven, and efficient means of improving PF. We also focus on the trends & development in India's Inverter, UPS and Gensets market, along with Region-wise key areas of growth. High power deficits and rapid industrialization in southern cities such as Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai has meant the south of the country boasts the highest demand for diesel gensets. The manufacturing and auto component industries in Tamil Nadu, information technology in Karnataka, biotechnology and pharmaceutical businesses in Andhra Pradesh and tourism and general engineering in Kerala and Puducherry are among the major markets for diesel gensets in this region. The western region holds the second highest position in the Indian diesel genset market because it is home to the largest no. of industries in the country, including iron & steel, automobile, jewelry, textiles, cement, chemical & petrochemical, and pharmaceuticals. Maharashtra and Gujarat account for the max. share in driving diesel genset growth in western India. Though the power deficit in the western region is decreasing year-on-year, the demand for gensets remains constant, as they are used as a reliable source of backup power. A large number of companies operating in the general engineering, automobile, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and IT sectors are based in Maharashtra. However, demand for diesel gensets is still growing due to the booming construction sector. The presence of large refineries and petrochemical complexes in this region requires reliable standby, emergency and mobile power that continues to boost demand.

Please give us your feedback at editor@electricalmirror.co.in

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Case Study of The Month Various Case Studies on Operation and Control Schemes for Grid Sub-Station Contd. ...

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ISGF AMI Rollout Strategy for India

Trends and Development in India Inverter, UPS & Gensets Market 2016

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News Update India's Power Sector Outlook is Stable : Moody's

Article By Haren Shah

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Product Info Matrix KLJ Flir India

Focus - Power Factor Correction Fundamentals of Power Factor Correction

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ELECTRICAL MIRROR An Outlook of the Electrical & Power Industry

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

|| DECEMBER 2016 9

News

of the Month

India's Power Sector Outlook is Stable : Moody's

Moody's has upgraded the outlook for India's power sector to stable from negative in view of surge in domestic coal production and likely improvement in discoms financial health due to UDAY scheme. In addition, the govt.’s debt restructuring of the financially weak distribution utilities through UDAY scheme will likely improve their financial capacity to make timely payments to power generators, it said. Moody's Investors Service said the stable outlook for the power sector in Asia Pacific over the next 12-18 months is mainly underpinned by consistent regulatory returns and its expectation of manageable increases in fuel costs over the same period, as well as the absence of significant changes to regulatory environments. Thirty-nine (74%)

of Moody's-rated power companies in Asia-Pacific demonstrate ratings with stable or positive outlooks, mainly reflecting broadly unchanged fundamental business conditions, financial profiles consistent with its rating expectations, and/or the positive

Solar Developers Keep Away from Tamil Nadu Tender Last month, TANGEDCO floated a tender for 500 MW of utility scale solar projects. This tender has received limited interest and that too predominantly from smaller developers who have submitted 20 bids totalling just 116 MW. This tender follows an allocation of approx. 1,200 MW in early 2015 where a fixed tariff of INR 7.01 per kWh was offered to developers. For that allocation, interest was received for a capacity of around 3,200 MW from over 90 developers. Given such large over-subscription, Tamil Nadu tightened qualification criteria significantly for this tender. Bidders were required to own land at the time of bidding & fully commission the projects in 10 months of PPA execution, which is much more stringent in comparison to other tenders. Developers had major concerns about grid curtailment, payment delays and a very tight timeline but no credible steps were taken to address these. A rush to complete the tender in time has in fact proven counterproductive. There is no reasonable justification for why Tamil Nadu does not go through NTPC or Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) for allocations; this could enhance off-take bank ability and help reduce tariffs. State now boasts of the largest installed wind and solar capacity in the country. It has a total wind and solar installed capacity of 9GW as against base load of around 11GW. The state has been suffering from grid congestion issues for some time and despite recent improvements in connectivity to the national grid, power evacuation remains a major problem particularly for renewable projects. As a result, developers are facing severe grid availability issues as well as long payment delays. TANGEDCO, the state-owned utility, is in poor financial health 10

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

with a credit rating of C+ as per the Ministry of Power framework. Payments to power producers have been delayed by as much as 18 months in the past. But the state has still been resisting signing up for UDAY, the central govt.’s financial restructuring package for utilities. At a pre-bid meeting held earlier this month, several developers expressed concerns about these issues but TANGEDCO failed to address them. Based on an analysis of past bidding trends, BRIDGE TO INDIA has observed that risk premium for poorly rated utilities can be as high as 600 bps in comparison to AAA rated off-takers such as NTPC. Poor bank ability leads to higher tariffs and higher tariffs reduce profitability for power distribution companies. It has become a vicious cycle. Tamil Nadu needs an urgent reform of its power sector operational and financial organization. In the meantime, it would be much better off by procuring new renewable capacity through NTPC or SECI, which would enhance off-take bank ability, reduce project risk for developers and bring down power cost for consumers.

outlook on a parent's rating. The remaining 14 CoS (26%) — a majority of which are Chinese power CoS and to a lesser extent Japan's power utilities, have ratings which carry negative outlooks or are on review for downgrade. "We have changed the outlook for the Indian power sector to stable from negative, because the increased domestic production of coal will ease constraints on fuel supply," the ratings agency said in its investors service report Power Sector - Asia Pacific: 2017 Outlook - Rising Industry Challenges Are Manageable, Outlook Stable'. "In India, renewable generation could act as a complementary source of power rather than a competitor to thermal, owing to power shortages," it added.

Solar rooftop for Indian Railways by ReNew Power ReNew Power Ventures, a renewable energy development company, won bids for 5 MW solar installations across various locations for the Indian Railways. The company will be investing close to Rs. 35 crore in these projects which will supply energy to Railways through 25-year PPAs. This is the first set of allocations by Indian Railways to any company under PPA mode. Out of the total 5 MW allocation under various zones, 1 MW has been allocated by North Central Railway division for Allahabad & Kanpur, 1 MW has been allocated by South Western Railway division for Bengaluru & Hubli. Another 1 MW has been allocated by East Coast Railway division for Vizag and 2 MW has been allocated by South Eastern Railway division for Kharagpur, Adra, Chakradharpur and Jamshedpur. Installations will be carried out to a large extent on station buildings, railway offices, workshops amongst other building premises. In total, these projects will generate more than 7 million units of power annually and offset over 6000 tonnes of carbon emissions each year. The transaction will also result in significant saving in energy cost for Indian Railways without any investment. ReNew Power has close to 3,000 MW of commissioned and under construction clean energy capacity across Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 11

News

of the Month

Coal India's Supply to Power Sector Dips 4% in Apr-Oct

State-run Coal India fuel supply to the power sector witnessed a decline of 3.7% to 216.5 MT during the Apr-Oct period this fiscal, even as the Centre claimed the demand for coal has started picking up. CIL supplied 225.1 MT of coal to the power sector in the Apr-Oct period last fiscal, according to the latest govt. data. While the dispatch of fossil fuel by CIL in Oct 2016 stood at 31.6 MT against 34.5 MT in same month a year ago, it said. The supply of coal by Singareni Collieries Company (SCCL) during the April-October period marginally dropped by 1.2 per cent to 26.6 MT, against 26.9 MT in the corresponding seven months of the previous fiscal. SCCL is a govt. coal-mining company jointly owned by Telangana and the Centre on a 51:49 equity basis. The govt. last month said there were no plans to cut down coal production as the demand had already picked up. In Oct, the demand had started picking up for both coal and power sectors, the

government said. CIL, which accounts for over 80% of the domestic coal production, is eyeing 598 MT in

2016-17. CIL has a target to produce 1 billion tonnes of fossil fuel by 2020.

NITI Aayog Calls for Radical Restructuring in Power Sector Govt. think-tank NITI Ayog’s chief executive Amitabh Kant pitched for market pricing of electricity and transferring power subsidy to the bank accounts of poor consumers as part of radical reforms needed to cut power theft and make affordable energy available for a globally competitive manufacturing industry. At a conference in New Delhi organized by the India Energy Forum, an industry organization, Kant said introduction of direct benefits transfer (DBT) along with other steps like privatization of all the state-owned power distribution firms and having independent state electricity regulators were the bold reform measures needed to turn around the struggling electricity distribution sector. Direct bank transfer of entitlements is already in place for cooking fuel. At present, individual power consumers are cross-subsidized by industrial and commercial establishment, the higher power tariff for which adds to their cost of doing business and reduces competitiveness in the world market. “About 79% of our manufacturing output comes from small and medium enterprises. Availability of affordable and reliable energy on a sustained basis is essential for them to plan for the size and scale required penetrating world markets. No country has benefited from strong manufacturing growth for long periods on the back of domestic market alone” said Kant. He added that it was the manufacturing sector, more than services that have helped other nations to record long periods of 12

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

economic growth. Services accounts for about 65% of India’s gross domestic product.“Health of the energy sector is critical in attracting investments. Radical restructuring is necessary,” said Kant, adding that the government which pulled off a mammoth and unprecedented move like demonetisation of large denomination currency notes, was capable of bold reform measures.“In the name of load management, discoms shy away from procuring power, which makes the generation companies run their plants at low capacity, impacting their loan repayments. If distribution companies are to turn around, there is a need for continuous improvement in operational efficiency and continuous revision in power tariff” said Ashok Haldia, managing director and chief

executive officer of PTC India Financial Services Ltd, a power sector lender. According to Anil Razdan, former Union power secretary, health of the power sector directly impacts that of the financial sector as 70-80% of the funds invested in any new power project are from financial institutions. “Outstanding bank credit to power sector as on September 30, 2016 was Rs5.3 trillion. Power sector’s share in gross non-performing assets is almost 6% compared to 14% for the entire infrastructure sector” said Razdan, quoting Reserve Bank of India figures. He argued that it was crucial to enable power generation companies to run plants at full capacity so that they can produce affordable power and service their debt. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

MNRE Eases Norms for Entry in Wind Power Sector In an effort to encourage more wind turbines manufacturers to enter the Indian market, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has done away with a crucial committee which used to approve turbine models before these could be sold. Henceforth, turbine makers will need to only provide details of their products online to the MNRE to obtain the necessary certification to sell, and if the products satisfy the specifications, they will automatically be included in the ministry's Revised List of Models & Manufacturers (RLMM). "This has been done to ensure more competition" said Varsha Joshi, former joint secretary, MNRE. "We have made the process of entering the market easier. Products which abide by international standards will get certification without any additional verification." The standards are the relevant ones for turbines set by the International Electro-technical Commission

(IEC), or the DNV GL, another global certification body. The disbanded committee comprised representatives from the Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA), the Indian Wind Producers

CERC Proposes Hiked Transmission Charges The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) has proposed a hike in transmission charges by 1.35 times, which could hurt the growing market for spot or short-term transaction of power. States & open access industrial consumers are increasingly shifting to short-term power purchase due to uncertainty in power demand. If approved, they might have to face increased charges, which would be similar to long-term power rates. Lately, the central govt. has also been promoting the spot market, as increased competition reduces cost of power. While the tariff quoted in the long-term PPA has touched Rs 3.9-5.5 per unit in the past three years, the spot price has gone down to Rs 2.16 per unit during the same period. While private players and some states have been active in the spot market, NTPC has also started selling un-requisitioned surplus power at the exchanges. The commission is of the view that increasing short-term transaction of power is leading to congestion in the grid and also affecting the transmission planning, which is typically for long-term transactions. It has come to this conclusion after submissions from the CTU. The volume of short-term transactions has increased to 63.96 billion units in 2014-15, from 24.69 BUs in 2008-09. However, the prices of electricity of short-term transactions came down to Rs 2.5 per unit, from about Rs 7.29 per unit during 2008-09. CERC has expressed its concerns that generators may not apply for long-term agreement (LTA) and evacuate power under short-term open access (STOA) and/or medium-term open access (MTOA). “It is likely that there are less long-term power ||www.electricalmirror.net||

purchase agreements, leading to lack of LTAs and inefficient transmission planning,” said CERC in its draft regulations, dated Oct 28, 2016.The regulations were open for comments till November 25. “There are a number of petitions and applications before the commission, wherein the generators are relinquishing their LTA quantum but at the same time evacuating power under STOA/MTOA markets. This causes burden of higher transmission charges on other long-term customers. This scenario is likely to lead to under-building of transmission capacity thereby leading to instances of congestions” CERC observed in its detailed regulations. While the sector has been hailing shift to short-term or day-ahead power market, is opposing this sudden change. The industry is of the view that in the current scenario when discoms are trying to reduce power tariff in a bid to reduce losses, the short-term market creates competition and helps in decreasing power rates.

Association (IWPA) and the MNRE-affiliated, Chennai-based National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE). Manufacturers had to brief the committee about the particular standards their products conformed to after which the committee would take a decision. Wind energy developers are delighted with the step. "This is a welcome step by the MNRE to remove non-tariff barriers and reduce the delays manufacturers faced in getting certification" said Sunil Jain, president, Wind Independent Power Producers Association. An industry source alleged that the committee included a large number of Indian manufacturers who tried to put hurdles in the path of foreign turbine makers trying to enter India. "That's why it has been done away with" he said. "Now developers will have more options to choose from".

BHEL Commissions Unit-I of Pulichintala Hydro Power Plant Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) has successfully commissioned the first unit of the 4x30MW Pulichintala Hydroelectric project in the Indian state of Telangana. The Greenfield project is being set up by TSGENCO in Guntur district of Telangana on the river Krishna. BHEL’s scope of work on the project includes design, manufacture, supply, supervision of erection, testing and commissioning of Electrical & Mechanical (E&M) package comprising 4 sets of 30 MW vertical Kaplan Turbine & Generator along with associated auxiliaries. The equipment has been manufactured at BHEL’s plants at Bhopal, Jhansi, Rudrapur & Bengaluru, while supervision of erection & commissioning of the project has been carried out by the company’s Power Sector Southern Region construction division. BHEL has made significant contribution to the hydro sector of Telangana and has commissioned 983MW of hydro power projects in the state, so far. Some of the large hydro projects commissioned by BHEL in Telangana are the 500MW Nagarjuna Sagar PSS and the 300MW Srisailam Left Bank Power House.

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 13

News

of the Month

Uttarakhand Overcomes Power Evacuation Problems

The growing hydroelectric power sector in Uttarakhand is seeing increasing integration with the national power grid, apart from increasing the amount of electricity available to the hitherto electricity-starved state. The state is raising the profile of its connectivity and contribution to the National Power Grid, through the construction of new sub-stations in challenging terrain. One such sub-station that was commissioned recently was in the Khandukhal. This structure proved symptomatic of the engineering innovation and operational challenges of putting in place the infrastructure necessary for the evacuation of electricity from the hydel power generation facilities. The Khandukhal sub-station was commissioned by the state govt.-run Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Limited (PTCUL), and was constructed and operationalized by global engineering giant ABB.The location of the sub-station posed a challenge - the highest and lowest points of the station were 34 meters apart in terms of elevation. This led to a special design that saw the station being constructed in a terraced manner. ABB had to face further challenges caused by the floods that hit the

state in 2012 and 2013. Roads and bridges had been washed away, rendering the transport of the 120 tons worth equipment a tall task. The company had to reinforce the roads in the region, apart from a key bridge in Khandukhal. The increased integration of states power generation capacity to the national grid and to the state's own distribution system caused by the commissioning of the Khandukhal sub-station has received the appreciation of the state's apex power distribution agency.

"We commend the ABB team on their creative and problem-solving approach and their commitment to executing this challenging project at multiple tiers taking all safety measures" said Deep Sah, Chief Engineer (Projects) at PTCUL. Uttarakhand has seen a steady increase in the number of hydel power projects over the past decade. The power generated is not only used to meet the electrification demands in hitherto unconnected regions of the state, but also for sale to other states.

Power Sector PSUs to Follow ‘Zero Imports’ from Next Fiscal The Centre is considering providing mines to private players for commercial mining but the demand situation was holding it back from taking a final call. Coal Secretary Anil Swarup said, the coal minster is eager to give blocks to private companies for commercial mining, but the availability should be checked with. It has to be assured that everyone is getting coal. However, the state govt.’s have already been allocated blocks for commercial mining. The secretary, who was keynote speaker ‘India’s Coal Sector – Vision 2020’ organized by MCC Chamber of commerce and Industry, also said that in order to bring down coal imports at a faster rate, public sector units (PSUs) in the power sector will follow ‘zero imports’ from the next fiscal onwards. “In power sector, we engage with each of the public sector entities and by March 31, this year, there will be zero imports by all the public sector entities in power sector and there will be no imports thereafter,” Swarup said. He said the objective is to bring down imports as the country increases the domestic coal production. Imports are coming down but centre’s objective is to bring down imports at much faster rates. This year, the government should be able to reduce imports by 15 MT. The ministry has done a detailed analysis of how to handle imports and the strategy related 14

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

to both power and non-power sector. On the other hand, in the context of providing mines to the private parties, Swarup said there has been a paradigm shift in the problem – from a phase of supply shortage to a phase of demand shortage and this demand shortage was due to low generation of the generation companies at PLF not more than 59-60%. The genco’s were generating low because of low

demand from discoms. However, the Uday scheme, that has been floated to restructure the distribution companies, could be the only saviour to this situation, he believes. The Coal Secretary added that with the firming up of international prices, chances go up that coal prices would be picked up. The govt. has set a target to produce 1.5 billion tonnes of coal domestically by 2020. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 15

News

of the Month

Centre Monitors on Coal Mining by Private Sector

Come April, the Centre would stop importing coal for state-run power producers. It has also put on hold the plan to award blocks to the private sector. With the abundance of coal and little demand, the government has decided not to import any coal for any state-run power PSUs after the current contracts expire. Poor demand has also made govt. go back on its earlier decision to award blocks to the private sector for commercial mining, coal secretary Anil Swarup said. "We have done a very detailed analysis of how to handle imports and strategies related to power and non-power sector. In power sector, we have engaged with each of the PSUs. By 31st March, imports by PSU power utilities would be zero. There will no imports thereafter" Swarup said while addressing members of MCC Chamber of Commerce. Public sector power producers imported 35-40 million tonne coal. "By end of this year, we will reduce imports by 15 million tonne. There is unit-by-unit strategy to cut imports" the secretary said. The ministry is also looking at how to encourage private sector including industries like steel to replace better quality imports by poor quality domestic coal. While the PSUs are being told not to import, for the private sector, the availability of coal is being increased through auctions. "In power, there are boilers suited for imported coal. We are exploring how to mix domestic coal with imports for such plants. Similarly, we are trying to do it for deregulated sectors. We have engaged with

SAIL, RINL and others on how to provide the coal they are importing. With international prices firming up, there is a chance that this coal would get picked up. We are assuring the supply of coal for private sector, while earlier there was only spot auction, now there is availability throughout the year. The ground work for commercial mining has been done but because of good work being done by Coal India, there is not much demand for mines as there were hardly any demand in the fourth round of auction" Swarup says speaking about prospects of commercial mining.

Apart from curbing imports another-fallout of excess coal availability is the disinterest in promoting commercial mining by private sector. Earlier this year, the government opened up commercial mining in India by allocating 16 mines with an estimated annual capacity of 40 MT to various states. According to a recent report by BMI Research, an arm of global rating agency Fitch, India may continue to suffer from deficit in coal requirement due to delays in opening up of commercial mining to private sectors and slow approvals for new state miners.

If PLF Rises 7%, Coal shortage may Worsen The present stock positions of coal could spiral into a national shortage if power plants raised their capacity utilisation even by a small 6-7%, coal secretary Anil Swarup says. Nevertheless, coal imports by all stateowned power generation companies would stop from April 1, 2017, he said. “At present, the coal stock situation looks like there is surplus coal. However, it is not enough to give coal to everyone and we are not fully comfortable about making coal available to everyone at this level of stock position,” said Swarup. However, spot and forward e-auctions are an effort to supply as much coal as possible without disrupting supplies. Swarup was speaking to reporters at a seminar on India’s Coal Sector – Vision 2020 organised by the MCC Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Coal imports by state-owned power companies is slated to decline by 15 MT this year from about 40 million tonnes in 2015-16, he said. “We have discussed separately with every public sector power company and have made sure that imports turn zero from April 1, 2017 onwards,” he said. 16

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

NTPC is by far the largest public sector coal importer and it has reduced imports drastically from a peak of about 16 MT a few years ago to a couple million tonnes this year. The company has not placed fresh import orders this year and all its coal imports in 2016-17 have been delivery of orders placed in previous years. While coal stocks at power plants receiving coal from CIL have an average stock of 15 days, there are

some 57,000 mw of thermal units starved for coal since they do not have any supply contract from Coal India. The National Coal Distribution Policy (NCDP) formulated in October of 2007 stipulated that Coal India cannot supply to power plants without signing any fuel supply agreement. NCDP was framed at a time when the nation was faced with acute coal production shortage. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 17

News

of the Month

Centre Working on Gradually Reducing Import & Govt. may Allot Coal Blocks to Private Players for Commercial Mining : Coal Secretary

Germany's WIKA Inaugurates ` 100 Crore Facility in Haryana

Govt. is gradually trying to reduce coal imports in a bid to increase domestic production and stick to the 1.5 billion tonne production target by 2020 set by the Coal Ministry. "We have done a detailed analysis on how to handle imports. As we increase production, we must bring down imports, it is already coming down but should be at much faster rate" Union coal secretary Anil Swarup said on the sidelines of an interactive session at the MCC Chamber of Commerce and Industry. "In power sector, we have engaged each of the PSU power companies" he said. "State-owned power entities import 35-40 million tonnes. We held meetings with state-owned power companies on coal import. In this fiscal, the import will reduce by 15 million tonne. From April next year, they will stop placing fresh import orders", he said. In a veiled acknowledgement, Swarup said, “at present, the coal stock situation looks like there is a surplus. However, it is not enough to give coal to everyone and we are not fully comfortable about making coal available to everyone at this level of stock position.” On the other hand, Swarup said, efforts are on to encourage private power CoS to buy coal for the long-term from auction. The coal Ministry has set a 1.5 billion tonne coal production target by 2020, of which one billion has been projected to come from Coal India. Swarup said dialogues are being held with non-regulated sectors like steel. He said, Coal India was also trying to export coal and holding dialogue with Bangladesh in this regard. Swarup remained optimistic about demand rising and said if plant load factor increases by 6-7%, there will be no surplus. Taking a lead, the country’s largest power producer, NTPC, has already stopped contracting for imported thermal coal and all shipments scheduled to come in over the next few months of the current financial year are on account of contracts signed last year. NTPC’s peak level of imported coal was estimated at 16 MT a year. However, as the coal supply glut in the domestic market stems more from a demand crunch

than a supply side spike, shortages in future may be a distinct possibility. According to one analyst’s report, thermal power generation was up a mere 0.3% YoY during the Jul-Sep 2016 period. As a result of a slowdown of the industrial sector, the average PLF of thermal power plants during the two quarters of the current financial year reduced to 54.6%, from 60% during the corresponding period of the previous year, which was the lowest in the last 15 years. “The minister is eager to give blocks to private players for commercial mining but we cannot do it unless we are assured that everyone is getting coal,” Swarup said, adding that the state governments have already been allocated blocks for commercial mining. He said there has been a paradigm shift in the problem from a phase of supply shortage to a phase of demand shortage and this demand shortage was due to low generation of the generation companies at PLF not more than 59-60%. The generation companies were generating low because of low demand from distribution companies. However, the UDAY scheme, which has been floated to restructure the distribution companies, could be the only saviour to this situation, he said.

Germany's WIKA Alexander Wiegand has recently started operations at its Rs 100 crore strategic global hub for electrical equipment in India. The global 845 million euro company has inaugurated its manufacturing facility for valve manifolds and flow elements near Palwal, Haryana. Spread over five acres, the facility will cater to primarily the domestic, Asia Pacific and Middle East markets. "India has a huge potential for growth. We are at around Rs 400 crore and expect to grow to Rs 750 crore in the next five years, at a growth of 10 to 12 per cent year on year" WIKA Group Chairman and CEO Alexander Wiegand said while inaugurating the plant.

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

“We may not extract more than our requirement but we should get prepared to produce as much as our target and lift when required,” Swarup said. In fact, with 56 MT of record inventory last financial year, the situation of oversupply arose and in the present production situation, India might again fall short of coal if PLF of power producing plants increased by 6-7%, he said. CIL has adopted the strategy of ready to mine on shelf, which means the seams would be prepared for extraction but the coal, instead of getting extracted, would remain in the seam shelves. In a demand shortage situation, the inventory benchmark for the power plants has come down to 15 days from 22 days. This has happened because coal was readily available. To improve upon the demand situation, PSU power plants would reduce imports to the extent 15 MT by the end of 2016-17 and by FY18-end, there would be zero imports by the state and central power PSUs. The state and the central power PSUs together imports between 35-40 MT per annum. “For the regulated sector like steel, we are working with them to supply their coal requirement instead of allowing them to continue imports,” Swarup said.

Strategic acquisitions are one of the primary growth factors of WIKA Worldwide and India is a potential country for more acquisitions in the future, he added. The company started its operations in India in 1998 with a sales office and converted to full-fledged production by 2001. The two other companies acquired in Chennai & Ghaziabad manufacture pressure switches. To increase the production capacity of Level Measurement devices, WIKA is also expanding its facility in Pune. WIKA in India manufactures pressure, temperature and level mechanical measuring devices, including pressure gauges, pressure switches, temperature gauges among others. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

||www.electricalmirror.net||

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 19

News

of the Month

Nuclear Waste to Generate Clean Electricity Very Soon

Scientists have developed a new technology that uses nuclear waste to generate clean electricity in a nuclear-powered battery. Researchers from the University of Bristol in the UK have grown a man-made diamond that, when placed in a radioactive field, is able to generate a small electrical current. The development could solve some of the problems of nuclear waste, clean electricity generation and battery life, researchers said. Unlike the majority of electricity-generation technologies, which use energy to move a magnet through a coil of wire to generate a current, the man-made diamond is able to produce a charge simply by being placed in close proximity to a radioactive source. "There are no moving parts involved, no emissions generated and no maintenance required, just direct electricity generation," said Tom Scott, Professor in the university's Interface Analysis Centre. "By encapsulating radioactive material inside diamonds, we turn a long-term problem of nuclear waste into a nuclear-powered battery and a long-term supply of clean energy" said Scott. The team has demonstrated a prototype 'diamond battery' using Nickel-63 as the radiation source. However, they are now working to significantly improve efficiency by utilising carbon-14, a radioactive version of carbon, which is generated in graphite blocks used to moderate the reaction in nuclear power plants. Research by academics at Bristol has shown that the radioactive carbon-14 is

SECI Issues Tender to Electrify 1,000 Indian Villages with Solar A new tender has been issued by the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) calling for the electrification of more than 1,000 Indian villages using off-grid solar power packs. The global tender has been issued on behalf of Arunachal Pradesh Energy Development Agency (APEDA) and will be developed under a government-run program called Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY), which is tasked with providing continuous power supply to rural India. According to Mercom Capital, 20

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

concentrated at the surface of these blocks, making it possible to process it to remove the majority of the radioactive material. The extracted carbon-14 is then incorporated into a diamond to produce a nuclearpowered battery. "Carbon-14 was chosen as a source material because it emits a short-range radiation, which is quickly absorbed by any solid material," said Neil Fox from the School of Chemistry. "This would make it dangerous to ingest or touch with your naked skin, but safely held within diamond, no short-range radiation can escape. In fact, diamond is the hardest substance known to man, there is literally nothing we could use that

could offer more protection" said Fox. Despite their low-power, relative to current battery technologies, the life-time of these diamond batteries could revolutionise the powering of devices over long time scales. Using carbon-14 the battery would take 5,730 years to reach 50% power, which is about as long as human civilisation has existed. "We envision these batteries to be used in situations where it is not feasible to charge or replace conventional batteries. Obvious applications would be in low-power electrical devices where long life of the energy source is needed, such as pacemakers, satellites, high-altitude drones or even spacecraft" Scott said.

SECI will seek to attract developers to install 300 Wp solar power packs at 1,058 villages in the state, totalling 16,000 solar packs in all. The developer that offers the lowest rates will be successful, and offers must incorporate site surveys, planning, design, engineering, assembly manufacturing, testing, supply, delivery, storage and installation. CoS must also provide O&M services for five years post-installation and also provide SECI with an upfront security deposit equivalent to 10% of the value of the contract. This will be held as a performance bank guarantee for 60 months from the date of the signing of the contract. SECI will pay 80% of the value of the work once installation and operation has been certified either

by the village head or another authorized individual. Of the remaining 20%, 10% will be paid to the developer once a service center has been established in each district of Arunachal Pradesh where solar power packs have been commissioned, while the remaining 10% will be released at a rate of 2% at the end of every 5year period, provided there are no ongoing issues with the solar installations. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

||www.electricalmirror.net||

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 21

News

of the Month

ABB & IITM to Develop Microgrid Models in Remote Areas

As part of the govt.’s Uchchatar Avishkar Yojana (UAY) scheme, ABB India and IIT Madras have signed MoU to collaborate for developing a power management system to optimise the operation of multiple microgrids, with and without grid connection, while managing electricity supply to villages. This system will also enable the integration of individual solar PV rooftops to a village microgrid. “The UAY scheme is the need of the hour and will foster greater corporate-academia partnerships which can contribute to solving the country’s issues and I am pleased that IIT Madras & ABB have embarked on this journey. We are looking forward to adding another facet to our enriching association with IIT Madras. In a country as huge & diverse as India, it is important to design models of integration with power management and load balancing for proven microgrids technology with the existing grid infrastructure. This, along with the modular nature of this technology, will enable access to reliable, sustainable & cost efficient power to even the most disadvantaged, remote areas of the country” said Sanjeev Sharma, CEO and Managing Director, ABB India. The GoI is looking at a generation capacity of 40 GW in the next five years through grid connected rooftop solar PV and small scale solar PV plants. Such clusters have the capability of generating and using renewable energy locally from one kilowatt to a few hundred kilowatts. It is imperative to network such locally distributed nano or microgrids for optimal

usage of renewable power across users, keeping in mind the dynamic demand/supply situation. Such inter-connection and interleaving of microgrids with the existing distribution system and infrastructure will provide economic benefits for the people, in terms of reduced outages and lower cost of power. The project scope includes microgrids of 20 to 100 kW capacity equipped with battery storage. Detailed studies and simulation of the various system components along with related control and optimisation logics, protection criteria, monitoring and communication will also be undertaken. ABB’s Access to Electricity social initiative in India

has already demonstrated significant impact in the country. It has brought solar power to 1,200 households in the Rajasthan desert and to over 100 households in the world’s largest delta region of the Sunderbans. This project follows two ongoing CSR projects with IITM; one for the design, installation and commissioning of a microgrid able to supply 50 kW power to a rural village, the other one to help establish and research the Center of Battery Engineering at IITM. ABB recently announced the setting up of India’s first solar powered microgrid to provide uninterrupted power supply to its factories in Vadodara.

India has Built the World's Largest Solar Power Plant India has become home to the world's largest solar power plant thanks to a 648MW facility that has come online in the southern part of the country. The previous record holder belonged to the Topaz Solar Farm in California that has a capacity of 550 MW. India has been fast-tracking solar power projects in the past few years thanks to a goal of having 20 GW of solar power capacity installed by 2022. That goal has spurred some very large solar projects, including a 4 GW plant slated to be built over the next 7 years. Planned solar power projects have grown in size, but each plant takes years to pass through different phases of approval, receive funding and ultimately be built. That's why as we hear about plans for solar power plants with capacities in the thousands of megawatts, the largest ones actually built and running are in the hundreds of megawatts. None of that should take away from the impressiveness of this new power plant though. The facility, funded 22

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

by the Adani Group, is located in Kamuthi, Tamil Nadu and covers 10 square kilometres. It consists of 2.5 million individual solar modules and it's estimated that it will generate enough electricity to power 150,000 homes. The solar panels are cleaned every day by a robotic system that is powered by the solar panels. The daily

cleaning maximizes the power output of the panels. With this plant online, India now has over 10 GW of installed solar power capacity, putting them halfway to their 2022 goal that will see 60 million homes powered by the sun. According to Al Jazeera, India will become the world's third largest solar market starting next year behind the U.S. and China. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

BA100 Laboratory based Oil Test Set BA Usability •

•

Low weight and compact design Very bright colour display

•

Internal Battery

•

External 12 V Supply

Technology •

•

The BA Breakdown Analyzer is the smallest and lightest oil test set its rating available. The 2.8” colour display (OLED) is very bright and offers an optimal readability even for outdoor use. For testing modern silicon, mineral and ester oils a very fast switchoff time after flash over is crucial. The BA has the fastest switch-off time on the market available (<5 μs). With the PC Software “BA Control Center” individual test procedures can be programmed and several units can be controlled and overviewed simultaneously. Test results are available in printed form, as pdf and as text files. The unit has USB Flash Drive and a Bluetooth connection for communications between the test unit and the PC.

Type

BA100

Article number

SB0005

Ultra fast switch-off time (< 5 μs)

Output Voltage

Up to 100 kV rms symmetrical

Direct measurement of output voltage

Voltage rise rate

Measurement of silicone-, mineral- and ester oils

Power supply Internal rechargeable battery

1 x 12 V / 7.2 Ah

Housed in a metal case for proper RFI/EMC shielding

Switch-off time on flashover

< 5 μs

Communications •

Bluetooth connection

•

USB Flash Drive

Voltage measurement accuracy

±1 kV 0.5 … 10 kV/s

Resolution (displayed)

0.1 kV 85 V … 264 V (47 Hz … 63 Hz) and 12 V external supply

Power consumption

75 VA

Measurement of oil temperature

0 … 100 °C

Temperature resolution

1 °C

Display Selectabel programs

2.8" colour (ultra bright) VDE370-5/96, ÖVE EN 60156, IEC 60156/95, ASTM1816-04-1, ASTM1816-04-2, ASTM877-02A, ASTM977-02B, AS1767.2.1, BS EN60156, NEN 10 156, NF EN60156, PA SEV EN60156, SABS EN60156, UNE EN60156, single measurement, other standards possible

Customer-specific programs

unlimited

PC Software "BA Control Center"

included

Printer b2 High-Voltage is a business of b2 electronic GmbH Riedstraße 1 6833 Klaus AUSTRIA Tel. +43 (0)5523 57373 Fax + 43 (0)5523 57373-5

Interface

||www.electricalmirror.net||

USB memory stick

Operating temperature

-10° … +55 °C (extended temp. range)

Storage temperature

-20° … +60 °C

Relative humidity

Non condensing

Dimensions W x H x D

521 x 343 x 300 mm

Weight

www.b2hv.at info@b2hv.at

Subject to alternations – errors excepted Illustrations are not binding

Bluetooth

USB

Delivery includes

DHV1207 Rev02 ENGLISH

Graphical output 44 mm (dot matrix)

32 kg including batteries Breakdown Analyzer BA, Test vessel with electrodes, PC Software “BA Control Center”, Printer, Battery, Ring nut wrench, Lifting stick for magnetic stirrer, Magnetic oil stirrer, Setting gauge 2.5 mm IEC, User manual

Article Number

Test vessel IEC60 156 with cover and electrodes Test vessel IEC 60 156 with cover and electrodes Test vessel ASTM D 877 with cover and electrodes Test vessel ASTM D 1816-04 with cover and electrodes Transport bag

VKR0014

Lead for connecting vehicle cigarette lighter socket (12V, 5m) Ribbon cartridge for printer

Dust cover

VKR0017

Paper roll for printer

GB0058

Rugged Transport box

GB0055

Setting gauge 1 or 2 or 2.5 or 4 or 5 mm

GB0056

Ring nut wrench (test vessel)

GB0057

VKR0015 GB0110-0114 GB0106 GB0120 GB0103 GB0102

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 23

News

of the Month

India-Japan Nuclear Deal

Coming of age for nuclear in India?

India was an early mover on nuclear power and had the first nuclear reactor, Apsara, reaching criticality in 1956 with help from the UK. India’s first nuclear explosion in 1974 forced us to go alone on nuclear power for the next few decades, with some help coming from the Russians. The 2008 123 Agreement with the US was a watershed moment that gave an impetus to the fledgling sector and created agreements with many different countries. India has 21 reactors in operation at the moment and their total capacity is 5.78 GW, which makes the country 14th in the world in terms of generation. India plans to add about 40 reactors by 2032, boosting capacity more than TEN-fold. According to IAEA, India ranks second after China in the projected increase in nuclear power capacity by 2040. Japan inked a deal earlier this month which allows them to sell power equipment and technology for civil nuclear power development in India. It has been a controversial agreement and both countries have stressed repeatedly that it’s intended for peaceful civilian use only. Additionally, there are safety clauses built into the deal which will nullify the arrangement if India conducts any nuclear tests, including stopping any facility in-progress. However, it’s painfully difficult

for a country that has suffered with nuclear power on a couple of occasions to sign a deal to promote it. This deal, however, is a win-win for both countries. For India, it could mean accelerated development of nuclear plants. Japan has more than 80% market share of large forged components that are used in building any reactor and they cannot be supplied to

India Focussing on Clean Energy but West has to do its Part : Piyush Goyal “Solar is a major focus. From 2500 MW in 2014, installed renewable energy is now 8500 MW. We have done three times in two years of what was done in the past many decades,” said the power minister on the second day of the Hindustan Times Leadership Summit. But Goyal’s ministry is working on adding equal weight age to other forms of green power such as wind and hydropower, by easing policies. The government is in the process of giving final touches to a hydropower policy that will address several issues that have plagued these projects, especially land acquisition. He was quick to clarify that India was not responsible for the worsening global warming concerns -- even with 17% population it contributes to 2-2.5% of greenhouse gases – but the govt. was committed to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. “It is an article of faith with the Modi government that we expand renewable energy and reduce pollution as we generate power,” Goyal said. The minister said the developed world had emitted a bulk of the greenhouse gases and based on the “polluter pays” principle, the West had a responsibility to help India. 24

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

“We hope the West will come up to their promises. So far their efforts have been terrible.” Of India’s total installed power capacity of over 300 GW, about 46 GW is renewable including solar, wind and small hydropower projects. While Piyush Goyal is working overtime to increase the percentage of renewable sources in India’s energy mix, the minister feels that his initiatives will not disincentivise coal-based power projects. “We need coal-based thermal power to provide stable base load in the grid to support renewable sources of power,” said Goyal. Simply put, to avoid instability in power transmission, coal-based power is required to flow through grids, as renewable energy supply depends on weather conditions.

India without an agreement of this kind. It’s one of the key reasons why, despite signing several deals, US and French companies have not been able to build a new reactor in India even though they are really eager to. Indian nuclear market is estimated to be upwards of $150 Billion, as it plans to boost its nuclear share of electricity generation to 25% by 2050.

India, Russia Deal on Kudankulam N-Plant Units 5, 6 Likely by Year End The general framework agreement for the third stage (units 5 and 6) of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KNPP) in Tamil Nadu is expected to be signed by the end of December, its Russian makers said. The plant’s blocks 3 and 4 (the second stage) would be commissioned in 2022 and 2023, they said. Vladimir Angelov, Director for projects in India, ASE Group, the engineering division of Rosatom, expressed the hope that the agreements would be inked by the end of this year. An inter-governmental agreement between India and Russia was signed in December 2008 for setting up Kudankulam’s units 3 to 6. The ground-breaking ceremony for construction of units 3 and 4 was performed earlier this year. And, to further the nuclear energy road map, Russia is awaiting India’s decision on a new site for six additional units. Construction of KNPP with the assistance of Russia is the largest joint project between the two countries in the energy field. The first two 1,000 MW units are currently operational at Kudankulam. Unit 1 was connected to the grid on Oct 22, 2013. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

India Keen to Invest in Energy Sector in Qatar: PM Modi Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed India’s keenness to invest in hydrocarbon projects in Qatar during talks with his counterpart Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani on key issues of energy, trade and security. Modi and the Qatari Prime Minister, who is here on his first visit, discussed enhancing cooperation in defence and security, in particular in cyber security and agreed on joint action to tackle money laundering and terrorist financing. After the talks, the two sides inked five pacts including in the field of visas, cyberspace and investments. The two leaders acknowledged that the current level of trade and investment was much below potential, External Affairs Ministry Spokesperson Vikas Swarup said, adding Modi highlighted the tremendous opportunities available for Qatari investment in India’s infrastructure and energy sectors. Not only an important trading partner for India in the Gulf region, Qatar is also the largest supplier of LNG to it, accounting for 66 per cent of the total imports in 2015-16. On energy cooperation, Prime Minister

Modi said, “We should go beyond the buyer-seller relationship to include Joint Ventures, Joint Research and Development and Joint Exploration. On his part, the Qatari leader invited India’s participation in infrastructure and investment opportunities coming up in the wake of Qatar hosting the FIFA World Cup in 2022. He also welcomed Indian investment in the port sector of Qatar. “He (Modi) outlined the various measures taken by his government to open up the Indian economy and welcome FDI. The two leaders identified civil aviation as a priority sector for enhancing cooperation,” Swarup said. Prime Minister Modi recalled that India imports eight million tonnes of urea per year and said “we would welcome a long-term arrangement with Qatar for the supply of urea”, the spokesperson said. It was also conveyed that India could also meet Qatari needs in the area of food security, he said. The two leaders also discussed the regional situation,

particularly in Iraq, Syria and Yemen. Swarup said five agreements were signed in areas such as visa exemption for holders of diplomatic, special and official passports; technical cooperation in cyber space and combating cybercrime, letter of intent regarding negotiations on an agreement on grant of e-visa for businessmen and tourists, and an MoU between the Supreme Committee for Delivery and Legacy of Qatar and CII. Additionally, another MoU aimed at encouraging greater collaboration and exchange in the field of national ports management was also signed. Earlier, National Security Advisor Ajit Doval called on the visiting dignitary. While the visa pact will allow holders of diplomatic, special and official passport of the two countries to visa-free travel between the two countries, the ‘protocol on technical cooperation in cyber space and combating cybercrime’ “adds an important dimension of bilateral technical cooperation in cyber space and combating cybercrime to the existing framework agreement in the field of security signed on 10 November, 2008”.

DERC’s Draft Tariff Norms Make Room for Major Revamp in Power Sector

India Needs Indigenous Building Construction Solutions : Piyush Goyal

As Delhi is catching up with the concept of Smart Grid system, which would make the city’s electricity infrastructure go online, the Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission (DERC) for the first time has introduced a special provision for financing and planning big ticket projects in its tariff determination norms. In its ‘Terms and Conditions for determination of Tariff Regulations, 2016’, released on Tuesday, the power regulator has allowed distribution companies to come up with detailed project reports on ‘Renovation and Modernisation for Life Extension’. “This means that if a Discom has a proposal for substantial network upgrade like making all overhead cables underground, then it would be considered by the DERC for funding and later, shall also form the basis of tariff determination,” an official from power Discom, Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd. (TPDDL), said. Till now, Delhi has no regulation for major projects and only routine upgradation works are accounted for. “Projects like redevelopment of Chandni Chowk where all overhead cables are to be made underground needed certain guidelines to be followed which aren’t there. Now there will be a framework that would include scope, justification, cost-benefit analysis, estimated life extension from a reference date, financial package, among others of the project,” explained a DERC official. The power regulator has sought suggestions from public on this and a final notification is likely in February 2017, based on which power tariffs would be revised next year. Delhiites have been saved from tariff hikes for two consecutive years. The move assumes significance as Delhi’s power infra is suffering for want of a complete upgrade. Most cables are decades old, some have not been changed since they were laid down in the late 1990s.

Stressing on the need for adopting modern building code, Power Minister Piyush Goyal said policy makers and designers must work to provide indigenous solutions for construction which are relevant for India. “Capital in India is scarce and it is expensive. In this situation it is very essential that policy makers and designers work to indigenize solutions, which are relevant to Indian situation,” Goyal said addressing an international conference on Energy Efficient Building Design. “For country like India our lighting, domestic and commercial business needs are indeed disproportionately high compared to other parts of the World. More so because we have long way to go income levels of people increase,” he said. He also said that adoption of modern building code is also relevant as in a rapidly transforming Indian economy; a lot of building construction would be done in next few years. Citing estimates, he said India have built only one third of the buildings it will have by 2030 and thus there will be 200 % expansion. The three-day conference is organised by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), under the aegis of the Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project (BEEP). The minister also launched the Design Guidelines for Energy-Efficient Multi-Storey Residential Buildings (Warm and Humid Climates) during the inauguration of the conference. The objective of these design guidelines is to provide comprehensive information on how to design energy-efficient multi-storey residential buildings.

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 25

News

of the Month

YES BANK Transformation Series - Charting A Roadmap For Solar Energy In India

YES BANK has been a pioneer in the Renewable Energy financing in India - starting with the first issuance of the Green Bonds to the second issue in August 2015 and third issue in September 2016, continuously reinforcing its position as a global sustainability leader in India. Launched in 2010, the YES BANK Transformation Series was launched to champion the spirit of disruptive innovation and encourage bright young minds from the world’s finest universities to think beyond boundaries. In this edition, YES BANK Transformation Series has emerged as India’s largest case study challenge for B-school students. The top 15 teams were identified through an exhaustive process of Preliminary round as well as the Campus rounds conducted at 24 B-Schools across the country. The preliminary round case studies urged students to analyse the dynamic environment of the financial services industry and chart out a strategic roadmap involving digital innovation in digital payments, mPOS, Start-ups and Prepaid solutions. YES BANK was privileged to partner with the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India, for the final round of the fifth edition of the transformation series. The teams were faced with a gruelling challenge to come up with innovative solutions

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

to promote the usage of solar energy in India. Resonating with the ethos of entrepreneurship and innovation, to pump start the final proceedings of the case challenge, YES BANK conducted a curtain raiser session called Innovation Unplugged on November 16, 2016 with the finalists of the series. True to the spirit of entrepreneurship - AWFIS -

India’s fastest growing and largest Co-working space was selected as the venue for Innovation Unplugged. Successful entrepreneurs like Avinash Godkhindi, Zaggle, Jay Krishna, Digit Secure, Sameer Grover, Crownit, Vivek Lohcheb, Trupay & Amit Ramani, Awfis addressed the students during the informal networking session.

Waste-to-Energy Project at Moshi Dump Land As a green Pimpri Chinchwad city initiative, the municipal corporation has planned a waste-to-energy project at Moshi garbage depot on public private partnership basis. The estimated project cost is Rs200 crore. The garbage depot, where mixed waste is dumped, spans over 80 acres. PCMC has implemented mechanical composting and vermicomposting to treat organic waste dumped at the depot. The corporation has carried out scientific capping to free up garbage-occupied land, but fears it may run out of space soon. Also, people are opposed to additional dumping at the land and at the proposed depot at Punawale. PCMC has thus invited bids for the green project. Pimpri Chinchwad city generates around 650 to 700 tonnes of garbage every day. The residents of Moshi, Bhosari, Dighi and Charholi have repeatedly complained of foul smell emanating from the Moshi garbage depot and have demanded that the civic body take steps to reduce

this menace. According to pollution control rules, the power generation project should have no atmospheric emissions except combustion gases, with pollutants less than the prescribed norms of the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board, or the Central Pollution Control Board. PCMC is collecting mixed garbage from the citizens. Over the last 15 years, PCMC had planned two waste-to-energy projects which had remained only on paper. The corporation is giving a third trial now. Mumbai and Nagpur civic bodies have also invited bids for waste-to-energy projects. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 27

News

of the Month

Demonetisation is a Positive Event for Power Sector : Mercom Capital

Demonetisation has turned out to be a positive event for the power sector with discoms recovering pending power bills from their customers, and is turning out to be an overall positive event for the renewable sector as well according to Mercom Capital Group. Quoting a no. of discoms and govt. officials on the issue, the consulting firm also said that the power sector could also benefit from relaxed lending & lower rates, among other things. "Demonetisation has been chaotic and changing the way the Indian economy functions...banks suddenly flush with funds, all of which could relax lending to the power sector and potentially bring down interest rates," it said. The govt. has mandated that the old notes of Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 denominations can be used to pay pending utility bills which will help discoms due to their huge backlog of unpaid bills. Discoms are

expecting a substantial influx of payments prior to the December 31 deadline after which these currency notes will become invalid. For cash-strapped discoms this is unexpected good news, it said. It quoted an official at Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd as saying, "since the announcement of demonetisation, discoms in the state have seen

UPES Power HR Round table Skilled Manpower Need of The Hour for Growth of Power Sector India has the fifth largest power generation portfolio worldwide but most of the discussions plans and policies around this sector remain limited to generation, transmission and distribution of power. However, senior executives from leading public and private power companies gathered at the 6th Power HR Round Table organised by the Corporate Relations department of UPES to deliberate on ‘Measuring ROI in HR’. They agreed that the power sector needs to invest in training, skilling, equipping and re-skilling the workforce. The development process needs to become consumer-centric with innovations and bench-markings that promote entrepreneurship. In an earlier report titled ‘Powering India: The Road to 2017’, McKinsey & Co. emphasises on skilled manpower to overcome operational inefficiencies faced by the Indian Power sector. According to the report resolving the severe shortages in manpower will require a host of new training and development service providers. The government can help by strengthening technical institutes, setting up certification standards for a range of roles, enabling public-sector companies to expand their training programmes and encouraging new entrants into training and development. The report also estimates that there is a need to train and develop 300,000 skilled and semi-skilled workers for the power sector. 28

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

payments of old bills cross Rs 1 billion within a week. The signs are positive as this will financially empower the discoms". Due to the amnesty of taxes and penalties provided to black money holders (unaccounted currency), the government will have a huge influx of money that can to be allocated for infrastructural development and funding new projects, stated an official at Transmission Corporation of Telangana Ltd (TCTL), it said. "India is largely a cash economy so in the short-term demonetisation is going to hurt installations as small developers will find it tough to pay for land acquisition, but in the long-term it will be beneficial as discoms will get paid, lending rates will fall and foreign investment will increase in the face of a falling rupee and rising dollar," Mercom said quoting an official at the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

Renewable Energy Ministry Eases Norms for Entry in Wind Power Sector

In an effort to encourage more wind turbines manufacturers to enter the Indian market, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has done away with a crucial committee which used to approve turbine models before these could be sold. Henceforth, turbine makers will need to only provide details of their products online to the MNRE to obtain the necessary certification to sell, and if the products satisfy the specifications, they will automatically be included in the ministry's Revised List of Models and Manufacturers (RLMM). The disbanded committee comprised representatives from the Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA), the Indian Wind Producers Association (IWPA) and the MNRE-affiliated, Chennai-based National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE). Manufacturers had to brief the committee about the particular standards their products conformed to after which the committee would take a decision. Wind energy developers are delighted with the step. "This is a welcome step by the MNRE to remove non-tariff barriers and reduce the delays manufacturers faced in getting certification," said Sunil Jain, president, Wind Independent Power Producers Association. IWTMA president DV Giri, however, strongly contested the charge. "The notion that local manufacturers were using the committee to hinder international ones is ridiculous and utterly unfounded," he said. "We have 20 years of technical expertise and were merely using this to ensure reliability and safety of products. But we are ready to see how the online certification method works." However, as before, overseas turbine makers will still be required to set up a manufacturing facility in India if they wish to sell. Some of them see this too as an entry barrier. Joshi added that in place of the certification committee, an appellate committee may be set up to settle any disputes that may arise. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

Wind Power Projects may Miss Deadline for Incentive With demonetisation slowing down project completion, several under-construction wind power projects of 2,000 MW capacity may miss the deadline for a generation-based incentive promised by the govt. “These projects are to receive an incentive of 50 paise for every unit of power generated, provided the projects are completed by March 31, 2017,” said Paras Sharma, vice president of Wind Independent Power Producers’ Association (WIPPA). “However, demonetisation has considerably slowed down project implementation and companies are worried they may lose the incentive,” he said. Sharma said completion of some wind power projects in Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat are could be delayed by two to three months. “We have requested the ministry of new and renewable energy to extend the March 2017 deadline by three months so that the projects do not miss the incentive,” he said. Sunil Jain, president of WIPPA and chief executive officer of Hero Futures Energy, said that projects of up to 1,400 MW capacity have been affected in

Coal India Likely to Miss FY17 Sales Target Coal India (CIL), which is already more than 40 MT short of its sales goal in the first 8 months of this FY, is likely to miss the year’s target by a large margin unless power demand picks up drastically, analysts indicated. The mining company’s performance last year was lifted as demand for coal from the power sector increased by about 90 MT. A similar boost has been missing this year. CIL sales in the 8 months ending Nov were 340.3 MT, trailing the target of 381.6 MT. Production was 323.6 MT compared with a target of 360.8 MT, the state-owned company said in a statement dated Dec 1. The miner will have to produce 274 MT in the remaining 4 months of this FY to achieve the target of 597.6 MT. The task appears difficult, given the lower off take of coal by genco’s and ipp’s. The company’s production increased to 539 MT in the year ended Mar 2016 from 494 MT a year earlier. The coal ministry hasn’t changed CIL annual output target of 1 billion tonnes by Mar 2020. A turnaround in the fortunes of debt-ridden distribution companies, enabling them to sign power purchase agreements and buy larger volumes of power and timely finalisation of awarding fuel supply contracts will be critical in bridging the sales shortfall during the first 8 months of the current fiscal. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

Andhra Pradesh while projects of another 700-800 MW capacity are likely to be delayed. According to Sharma, the cancellation of Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes has slowed down movement of equipment because truckers prefer cash payments. Project erection has also taken a hit because most labourers accept only cash since they do not have bank accounts.

“Land acquisition is also getting delayed because some rural landowners would only accept cash payments. The same applies to acquiring right of way for power transmission lines. The projects have to be linked to substations so that power can be supplied directly to the national electricity network. All these require making payments in cash which, at this time, is an issue,” Jain said.

Compensation to Tata & Adani

Regulator Provides Relief, Reduces Impact 2008 : Adani Power’s 1980-Mw project in Mundra commissioned PPA with utilities in Gujarat and Haryana at Rs 2.35 per unit. 2012 : Tata Power’s 4000-Mw UMPP commissioned. It won bid in 2007 : PPA with Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Punjab & Haryana to sell power at Rs 2.26 per unit. 2010 : The Indonesian energy regulations changed its coal benchmark price in 2010, which led to cost escalation. 2012 : Adani and Tata went to the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) asking for relief from increased coal prices and other allied costs. “This should be pass through under ‘change of law’ and force majeure”, Tata and Adani said in their petition to CERC in 2012. Feb 2014 : CERC came out with compensatory tariff of 52 paisa per unit for Tata and 41 paisa for Adani. Apr 2014 : Procurers/states went to APTEL contesting the decision. Jul 2014 : APTEL upheld the decision, allowing Tata Power and Adani Power to charge higher tariffs from

state utilities since March 2014 on account of a rise in the cost of imported fuel. Aug 2014 : The procurers went to the Supreme Court contesting it. The SC asked APTEL to expedite the matter. Meanwhile, GMR, GVK and Reliance Power, which were looking at similar relief of change in coal prices, joined the case bandwagon May 2016 : APTEL issued a 486-page judgment asking CERC to compute the compensation for Tata & Adani, according to the provisions under their respective PPAs. Dec 2016 : CERC allowed the power companies to charge the additional cost of coal from the states. 15 Dec 2016 : The Supreme Court to take final decision on the matter and pronounce judgment. ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 29

News

of the Month

Power & Utility Mega Projects Run 35% Over Budget on Average

A new report from EY, Spotlight on power and utility mega projects- formulas for success, reveals power and utility mega projects run 35% (US$2b) over budget and behind schedule by two years on average. EY analysed 100 of the world's largest (by capital expenditure) power generation, transmission and distribution and water projects across all asset life cycle stages â&#x20AC;&#x201D; from pre-financing through to decommissioning â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and found that 64% of these projects experienced delays and 57% were over budget. Almost three quarters (74%) of hydropower, water, coal and nuclear infrastructure projects were over budget by 49% on average, with hydropower and nuclear projects typically suffering the greatest cost overruns at US$4.6b and US$4b, respectively. Project delays were longest for coal and hydropower technologies, at nearly three years on average. Meanwhile, offshore wind and gas-powered generation projects saw significantly less delays and cost overruns. 80% of executives surveyed identified financing and delivering projects on schedule and on budget as a top challenge. And the majority also believe project financing (64%) and delivering (70%) challenges will continue in the future. Investment in power sector infrastructure is expected to be close to US$20t from 2016 to 2040. The report outlines how harnessing digital innovation is an important step toward more effective control and enhanced project performance. Embracing innovations in project fitness assessment, big data management and decision support management methods, for instance, can improve power and utilities companies' ability to formulate a holistic view of projects and accurately anticipate and address time and cost overruns to keep them on

track. EY conducted a survey of executives from power and utility (P&U) organizations with a turnover ranging between US$900m and more than US$5b, using a structured survey questionnaire. Of the 204 respondents, 25% of the respondents were a C-suite executive, with the remainder at director level across five functional areas comprising finance, strategy, operations, procurement and projects/programs. The respondent geographical split was as follows: 23% from Asia-Pacific, 43% from EMEIA and 34% from Americas. The study targeted executives working in different P&U segments: power generation (nuclear, hydro, coal, gas and renewables), transmission and distribution, and water. EY analyzed the performance of 100 of the world's largest mega projects (by capital expenditure) all featuring time and cost overrun figures reported publicly (in press releases, news articles, company websites, annual reports and/or other articles). These include power generation, transmission

and distribution, and water projects, across all stages of the project life cycle, from pre-financing through decommissioning, and were identified from Infrastructure Journal's project database in April 2016. Time delays and cost overruns were calculated based on the latest available reported figures. In instances where a project was delayed but no expected completion date was available, the delay was calculated as of 30 April 2016. Where project cost data was denominated in currency other than US dollars, the currency conversion to US dollars was applied using exchange rates prevalent on 5 May 2016. Identification of the 100 mega projects and the associated performance metrics have been prepared on a "best efforts" basis, based on publicly available information. The performance of individual companies and projects is not discussed, disclosed or implied. Any broader industry commentary is based on general industry observations and not on the views of any single organization.

PFC Organizes Cricket Tournament

BHEL's new Eastern Region power sector ED

Eight teams from power sector across India including the teams from CEA and Ministry of Power are participating in the 16th Inter-CPSU T-20 Cricket Tournament being organised by PFC under the aegis of Power Sports Control Board, Ministry of Power (Govt of India) from December 5-10, in Delhi. Rajeev Sharma, CMD, PFC inaugurated the Tournament in the presence of directors and CVO during the opening ceremony held at CWG Village Sports Complex, Akshardham on December 5. The tournament matches are being played at three cricket grounds: the cricket ground at CWG Sports Complex, Akshardham; the cricket ground in Talkatora Stadium and the cricket ground at GGS College of Commerce, Pitampura. The final match will be played at CWG Sports Complex, Akshardham on December 10.

On his promotion, Anjan Mukhopadhyay, 58, has assumed charge as Executive Director of Power Sector Eastern Region of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, the Maharatna Public Sector engineering and manufacturing enterprise, here. Prior to this, he served the Eastern regional unit of BHEL for one year in the capacity of General Manager In-Charge. Under his leadership, Eastern Region in BHEL created new benchmarks in project execution. He was instrumental in commissioning of the first 500 MW unit of WBPDCL successfully. During his stint at PSER, he has been instrumental in effectively coordinating and collaborating with all organization units of BHEL in order to achieve the Financial and Physical turnover, Cash Collection, Capacity addition, PG tests, technical and commercial closure and various other targets as per MOU with Govt. of India. (EOIC).

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 31

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INVITATION

News

of the Month

Sterlite Power Seeks SEBI Nod to Raise ` 2,650 crore via Infrastructure Investment Trust

Billionaire Anil Agarwal promoted Sterlite Power Transmission has sought the approval of the capital market regulator to rise up to Rs 2,650 crore through infrastructure investment trust (InvITs) by March, in what could be the first of its kind of fund raising in power sector. The trust, which will be called India Grid Trust, will house two of the company’s revenue generating transmission projects. The company will use the proceeds to pare debt and for future projects. “We plan to use Rs 1,600 crore from the proceeds for repayment of external loans while the rest would go to the sponsor for new projects,” Harsh Shah, chief financial officer, Sterlite Power, told ET. Infrastructures developers such as IRB, GMR, IL&FS and Reliance Infrastructure are keen to launch their infrastructure investment trusts, which give them an opportunity

to sell their stake in completed projects to the trust, which in turn can raise long-term and tax-free funds from unit holders. Sterlite Power Transmission sees its portfolio of transmission projects more than doubling to be worth Rs 30,000-35,000 crore by 2020. It has also set its sights on technology to get

India to Launch Largest Solar Rooftop Tender for 1,000 Megawatt Projects

India is all set to launch its largest solar rooftop tender for 1,000 Megawatt capacity projects. The mega tender will be launched by the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), a state-owned firm, in what will give a major boost to Modi govt.’s renewable energy capacity addition plans. The tender is also one of the largest floated globally and comes in quick succession to SECI’s earlier tender of 500 MW capacity targeting buildings in the residential, institutional and social sectors. SECI has already commissioned over 54 MW capacity of rooftop solar projects under multiple government schemes. The upcoming tender is especially targeted at utilising the buildings of the government departments. “The highlight of this tender is its innovative AchievementLinked Incentives scheme wherein the incentives in terms of capital subsidy shall be provided on the basis of performance achieved by designated ministries and departments against their committed targets in the given timespan,” according to the official statement. 32

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

Under the scheme, grid-connected rooftop solar systems will be installed with the financial assistance from Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) in the form of Incentives. The power generated from the systems will be used for meeting the captive requirement of the buildings and the surplus power will be fed to the grid under the net-metering arrangement of the respective state. MNRE has allocated 21 ministries and departments to SECI including the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Urban Development and Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs. MNRE has also collated the demand of the various ministries for implementation of the systems. “Based on the indicative list of sites provided by MNRE and various interested ministries - SECI is carrying out a potential assessment which will be provided to the solar PV developers (SPD); The SPDs will be selected state-wise through competitive bidding process and provision of one Rate per state shall be kept in the scheme,” the statement said.

an edge over competition and wants to emerge as a “digital company” by then. “The InvIT will be our listed vehicle. As we bid for more projects and more projects get operational, we will continue to expand the portfolio of the trust,” Shah said. Sterlite Power Transmission, which was carved out from Sterlite Technologies, has made subsidiaries Sterlite Power Grid Ventures and Sterlite Infra ventures the sponsor and investment manager, respectively, for the trust. Axis Trustee Services is the trustee. “Indian transmission sector still needs big investments and we are optimistic about it. We continue to believe we will be able to grow our portfolio despite healthy competition from other strong players,” Shah said.

NTPC Talcher Plant Achieves Highest Generation in a Day Talcher station of NTPC achieved its best single day generation of 11.496 million units of electricity at 104.13% plant load factor (PLF) on November 23. With an installed capacity of 460 MW, the station has four units of 60 MW and two units of 110 MW each. The station was taken over by NTPC from the erstwhile Orissa State Electricity Board in 1995 and had already outlived its prime. The turnaround story of the Talcher thermal plant is a masterpiece of NTPC’s operation and maintenance practices which led to its spectacular journey from 19% PLF in 1995 to a 90%+ PLF for eight years. The station has witnessed transformation by the virtue of CSR initiatives after becoming the part of NTPC family.

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Cover

S TO RY

Trends and Development in India

Inverter, UPS & Gensets Market 2016

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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• India Inverters Market is expected to reach INR 43,200.7 million and UPS Market is expected to reach INR 82,376.3 million by FY 2019. India diesel Gensets market is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 6.64% during 2016-22. Over the years, demand for power has increased tremendously in India. Requirement for continuous power has become one of the major challenges in the country. • Future Growth of India Inverters and UPS market is expected to be led by low availability of high quality power, expansion of industries and increasing income levels of consumers. • The need for uninterrupted and continuous power supply has triggered an increase in the use of gensets across Residential, Commercial, Industrial, and Infrastructure sectors. Gensets are used as standby, prime power& peak shaving applications across the sectors. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 35

Cover Story

India UPS Inverter Market The Inverters and UPS market in India has witnessed a growth in recent years on account of rising demand fuelled by the demand and supply gap in electric power supply, expansion of industries and rising income levels of consumers. The market is highly fragmented in India yet however is dominated by large organized players such as Luminous Power, Mictrotek International and Su-Kam Power that offer a wide range of home & industrial Inverters & UPS systems. The Indian Inverters market revenues have grown at a CAGR of 8.9% from FY2010FY2014 and the UPS market revenues have 9.9% from FY’2010 - 2014. According to research report by Ken Research, India Inverters market is projected to grow at an appreciable CAGR of 9.4% by FY2019. With increasing disposable incomes of households, the sales of electrical equipment’s like ACs, Refrigerators, Televisions and Microwaves is expected to increase and inadequate power supply will drive consumers to opt for inverters. Indian UPS market is projected to scale new heights, expanding at a CAGR of 9.8% in FY2014-FY2019. This is due to shortage of high quality power, expansion of IT/ITE, Banking, Pharma and SMB segments and increasing income levels of consumers. While power shortage, increase in income levels and expansion of industries will result in increased spending on power backup products in India, competition from unorganized sector, lack of consumer awareness, decline in desktop sales and high import duties are few of the major challenges which will affect the growth of this industry in the future, the report says. According to Softdisk, a power electronics industry reporting company’s latest findings, the Indian UPS market which is currently growing at just over 9.04% is expected to cross 5800 crore mark by Mar 2017. This includes around 200 crores of sales coming

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

through unorganized sector. By March 2018 the industry is expected grow by 10.54% which is huge in comparisons with overall market growth which grew by 6.53% in the previous fiscal registering a growth of nearly 3.57% over last year. For sure 2015-16 has outperformed the previous two fiscals. How individual companies benefit depends solely on their approach. On the other hand, CoS looking for bottom line will have to face pressure form companies looking to improve top line. There is further scope of consolidation, with big companies not hotly pursuing lower kVA products. Also the amount of consolidation taking place in the industry probably is due to fact the more & more UPS companies are experimenting with solar enabled UPS. In financial year 2015-16 the total end user sales stood at around 5400 Crore. This is exclusive figure for UPSs & Power Electronic Devices, excluding cooling solutions, home UPSs and other add-ons. This is suggestive of the fact that India’s growth engine has started functioning, albeit a bit slowly. To counter the increasing prices of batteries many a companies have started sourcing the batteries through OEMs, although still the quality conscious customer insists on branded batteries. These estimates have been generated by a survey when the industry was seemingly at the end of a tough phase where we had mixed reaction form manufacturers and customers alike. Through a tough phase after experiencing a tremendous drop in Rupee against the US$ and hence might have a 2% aberration. A sign of Asian dominance as American & and the European market are going through a sluggish period during these times. It will be a great opportunity for the US & European countries to focus on India. The report calls this slow growth as a consolidating factor in the Indian UPS market. Softdisk advices the US and European markets to now recognize India as a consumer of UPSs and become complete solution

providers rather than just being a supplier. However the competition is going to be stiffer, it will be a challenge for the Indian market. Softdisk believes that the current expected rate of increase by approximately 10.54% & overall turnover by March 2017 including un organized sector will touch 5800 crore mark. However nearly 200 crore of this will be through unorganized sector surely indicating that end user consumption of organized companies product will in all probability will cross 5400 crore mark even at the worst of its performance. BIS compliance is another key factor, in reducing the competitions and increasing margins. More Modular UPS will be in demand and line interactive market will slowly decline it will difficult for companies to maintain the current sales level. Modular UPS allows end user to invest according to their actual load, and to upgrade their systems while their business grows, without hampering uptime, reliability, availability. The market demands UPS system with high efficiency even at partial load to reduce the operating cost and to be a part of green revolution. The report has been generated by talking to more than 700 CoS under various vertical and talking over 300 people who are direct decision makers. All 700 plus companies we talked to had near 250 employee strength and have presence in almost all the regions in the country. There is an indication for more demand for single phase up to 10 kVA (around 40 %) & Three phase UPS up to 60 kVA (around 45%) Above 60% demand for (around 10 %) Off this Modular UPS and share is about 30% demand for Industrial UPSs. Rest being accountable for services and other equipment’s. Softdisk survey shows that this shift towards Modular UPS is primarily due to the hot swapping features & the flexibility they offer in terms of redundancy. The market demands UPS system with high efficiency even at partial load to reduce the operating cost and to be a part of green revolution. The firms in India will have to make great leaps in application integration. In addition, India's cultural diversity, corporative federalism, and socio-economic ||www.electricalmirror.net||

planned projects will start getting executed. In the overall scenario eastern part will be contributing somewhere between 19-21% of total revenues by March 2017. Western Region : In the west overall contribution will be somewhere between 25- 27% of the total national UPS revenue. West will pocket over Rs. 1500 crores of the total revenue of 5800 crore by March 2017. Major contributor will be Govt. buyingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s (31%) of West revenue, Gujarat & Corporate buying and IT/ITES, BPO's & Services & Industrial Process Automation will be major contributor wherein nearly Rs. 600 crore of revenue will be churned out by this sector. SMB will be a major contributor in Madhya Pradesh. Region-wise growth disparities make it a microcosm of the broader South Asia region. It is expected that smart vendors to use India as a testing ground for new business models and strategies to try out models for the next wave of emerging economies. Though India & South East Asian economies are closely connected to each other through trade and cross investment, they differ enormously in their levels of economic development and the state of their IT infrastructure. Region-wise Growth Northern Region: Last year the overall Northern market had grown by 6%, and expected it to go up by 8%. Leave apart power continuity, availability of Power especially in states of UP & Bihar has been a point of concern. There will be a marked rise in Govt. purchase in the north. SMB will also be a significant contributor especially in the state of UP, Rajasthan & Bihar if given a special status. Overall North will contribute 24-26% of expected 5800 crore by March 2017. Southern Region : Here a surge of nearly 4% is expected in coming two years. South is expected grow at a rate of 31 to 33% and will contribute over 1900 crore INR to the UPS revenue of the country by March 2017. Off this Karnataka & Tamilnadu will be the major contributor. However a new state of Andhra & Telangana will not lag behind but for this supports from the centre will be one big factor. In this Andhra seems to be at an advantage. Other than Banking, one can expect Corporate business to be contributing more and IT/ITES, BPO's to contribute revenue in these states. Education will be another major contributor. Eastern Region: Over Rs. 1200crore revenue will be generated by the sales of UPSs in the eastern region by March 2017. Govt. buying will dominate; many ||www.electricalmirror.net||

NORTH

24-26%

SOUTH

31-33%

EAST

19-21%

WEST

25-27%

The growth in India inverters market has been attributed to the demand & supply gap between electric energy in India and the increasing purchasing power of Indian consumers. The decreasing tolerance for long power cuts among consumers in rural and semi-urban areas is also a major factor behind the growth of this market. The increasing awareness among the population of India to prevent damage of electronic equipmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s resulting from voltage fluctuations has played an important role in further expansion of the India UPS market. The market for inverters & UPS in India is fragmented and there exist a large number of small unorganized players manufacturing sub-standard and local inverters. But however, the market is dominated by a few leading brands including Luminous, Microtek and Su-Kam. Luminous is the market leader in the India Inverters market. There is

a gradual rise in awareness among the population of India pertaining to the benefits of good quality inverters. Moreover, with the expansion of purchasing power, the demand for Inverters in India is expected to surge in the future. The UPS market in India is expanding swiftly due to the low availability of high quality power, expansion of industries and increasing income levels of consumers. India Gensets Market India Diesel Gensets market to witness growth owing to infrastructure expansion, establishment of new industries and changing business environment in the country. Strong economic growth coupled with power deficits in many parts of the country

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 37

Cover Story

would foster the demand for diesel gensets over the forecast period. Also, growing number of telecom towers in the country are expected to boost the diesel genset market. Continuous and reliable power supply is becoming a critical factor due to growing dependence on interconnected systems and technology. Various end user sectors such as healthcare facilities, pharmaceutical industries, manufacturing facilities, transportation & communication systems, data centres, fuelling stations and water & sewage facilities require consistent power supply to ensure seamless operations. In India, power supply from the grid is often insufficient to meet power requirements across various sectors. Consequently, diesel gensets play a pivotal role in providing reliable and high-quality power backup during power cuts as well as standalone power generation systems. India's diesel genset market has seen steady growth due to power supply shortages, rising long-term infrastructure investments and unreliable grid supply. Rapid growth in heavy industry, infrastructure, telecommunication and the information technology sector is expected to further escalate this demand over the next five years. Diesel gensets are mainly used as a source of emergency power during supply shortages, or in off-grid locations. The market has been witnessing increasing production of diesel gensets with improved engine life and other features such as synchronization with the grid, remote monitoring and control, and automated data analysis. Due to the high investment cost of diesel gensets, industrialists and manufacturers prefer renting them, either on a monthly or hourly basis. Various construction projects across the country, such as the implementation of the four-lane Bhopal-Biaora road and the Gujarat/Maharashtra Border-SuratHazira Port section road in Gujarat are propelling growth in the rental diesel genset market in India. Sector segmentation : The Indian diesel genset market is broadly classified into four segments on the basis of kVA rating : low (5-75 kVA), medium (75.1-350 kVA), high (350.1-750 kVA) and very high (750.1- 3000 kVA). Low-rating diesel gensets constitute a major share of the market, and are used in the telecom sector for backup power in grid-connected areas and also as a main power source in off-grid areas. India is the second largest mobile phone market in the world with 500 million users and 700,000 telecom towers, which require continuous power supply - on average, the country's telecom tower network consumes over 11 TWh annually, and this is likely to increase to 17 TWh by the end of this year. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) wants Telcos to switch to renewable

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

sources of power as this would save millions of litres of diesel and in turn millions of rupees per year. Of the total

number of towers, 10% have a regular power supply, and for the rest their power is supplied by diesel gensets. The medium rating of diesel gensets is the second largest category used in India. However, demand for these machines is anticipated to decline due to its shrinking application in the telecoms sector. According to 6Wresearch, India diesel genset market is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 6.64% during 2016-22. Over the years, demand for power has increased tremendously in India. Requirement for continuous power has become one of the major challenges in the country. On account of increasing electricity demand-supply gap, lack of grid connectivity and surging infrastructure in remote areas, deployment of diesel gensets on larger scale is witnessed in the country. During last couple of years, diesel genset market in India registered sluggish growth due to improved power demandsupply situation and slowdown in industrial and construction activities especially in southern region. Further, with the adoption of alternative fuel powered gensets and increasing generation of electricity from solar power affected the growth of the market during this time frame. However, in the forecast period, ‘Make in India’ campaign, smart cities project, expansion of public & private infrastructures would fuel diesel genset market in India, the research firm says. In 2014, govt. introduced new emission norms which increased the prices of diesel gensets throughout the country. Also, with these norms, share of unorganized market declined along with the import of low rating gensets from China. In India’s diesel genset market, 5 KVA-75 KVA segment has generated key revenue share in the overall market. Over the next six years, share of medium rating gensets is expected to

increase on account of deployment in manufacturing sector and usage in infra development activities. States such as Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana and Bihar are generating key market demand. According to TechSci Research report “India Diesel Gensets Market Forecast & Opportunities, 2020”, the diesel gensets market in India is estimated to surpass USD2.1 billion in 2015. The demand for diesel gensets is emanating from various end user segments encompassing residential, manufacturing, commercial, industrial and healthcare & pharma. Low and medium voltage diesel gensets cumulatively accounted for a majority share in the country’s diesel gensets market in 2014, primarily on account of growing demand from residential and commercial establishments. On the other hand, the demand for high and very high voltage diesel gensets in India is majorly being accounted for by manufacturing sector due to their continuous power supply requirements. The residential and manufacturing sectors dominate the market, and cumulatively accounted for more than 52% of the market share in 2014. And, with an increasing number of real estate construction projects and anticipated growth in foreign investments in newly launched smart city projects in India, the demand for diesel gensets is expected to grow through to 2020. In addition, the growing demand for uninterrupted power supply from various manufacturing facilities such as automobile and auto components is also expected to propel

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market growth over the course of the next five years. The residential sector - comprising domestic houses, residential apartments and buildings - dominates the diesel genset market in India and demand is expected to be fuelled by massive development plans such as the AMRUT programme of GoI, which envisages the development of 500 cities. Growth in demand for diesel gensets from the manufacturing sector is projected to be fuelled by the booming auto component industry. India is also projected to become the second largest steel producer in the world by the end of this year. This industry requires continuous power supply for running processing units, machining, resin moulding, pressing, welding and assembling. Leading players : Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd (KOEL), Cummins India, Ashok Leyland and Mahindra Powerol are among the leading diesel genset players operating in India. Kirloskar is expected to maintain its leadership position in the coming years - it is increasing its focus on expanding its dealership network, offering 24/7 support services and addressing client queries through call centres. Moreover, the company's long-term service agreement programme for customers, Bandhan, is expected to aid KOEL in strengthening its market presence through 2020. Cummins India offers diesel gensets in the range of 7.5 kVA-3000 kVA, 40 kVA biogas gensets and 15 kVA gensets that can be run on vegetable oil and Pongamia (SVO). Cummins has a large distribution network in the country and the company's products are marketed and distributed by three channel partners - Jakson, Sudhir Gensets and Powerica. Ashok Leyland operates under LEYPOWER for selling

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its diesel gensets in India - the company provides diesel gensets in the 10 kVA-2250 kVA range - and Mahindra & Mahindra operates its power business under Mahindra Powerol. The company offers diesel gensets in the range of 5 kVA to 500 kVA and since 2002 has sold 270,000 diesel generators and industrial engines. Mahindra Powerol distributes its products through 70 retail showrooms and the company's major end-users include telecom, government and defence organizations, the banking and retail industries and utilities. Key areas of growth : High power deficits and rapid industrialization in southern cities such as Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai has meant the south of the country boasts the highest demand for diesel gensets. The manufacturing and auto component industries in Tamil Nadu, information technology in Karnataka, bio-technology and pharmaceutical businesses in Andhra Pradesh and tourism and general engineering in Kerala and Puducherry are among the major markets for diesel gensets in this region. The western region holds the second

highest position in the Indian diesel genset market because it is home to the largest no. of industries in the country, including iron & steel, automobile, jewellery, textiles, cement, chemical & petrochemical, and pharmaceuticals. Maharashtra and Gujarat account for the max. share in driving diesel genset growth in western India. Though the power deficit in the western region is decreasing year-on-year, the demand for gensets remains constant, as they are used as a reliable source of backup power. A large number of companies operating in the general engineering, automobile, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and IT sectors are based in Maharashtra. In 2013-2014, Maharashtra accounted for around 30% of India's export of jewellery, textiles, leather goods and pharmaceuticals. The power deficit in Gujarat is also declining. However, demand for diesel gensets is still growing due to the booming construction sector. The presence of large refineries and petrochemical complexes in this region requires reliable standby, emergency and mobile power that continues to boost demand.

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Fundamentals of Power Factor Correction

Power factor is a measure of how efficiently electrical power is being consumed on site. The way a business manages their power and electrical infrastructure is therefore incredibly important, as poor power factor can have a number of financial or operational implications. While a power factor of 1 (or unity) is ideal, in most cases it is not economically viable as compensation is not a linear function. Though largely dependent on connection agreements, it is widely accepted that a power factor of 0.95 or higher is considered to be an efficient use of power, while power factor lower than 0.9 risks breaching agreements and can lead to higher than necessary kVA demands and subsequent higher electricity bill charges. In the mining sector, power factor is affected particularly by the electric motors in long walls, conveyors, ventilation fans, coal preparation plants etc., all of which use large amounts of energy and require large amounts of reactive power to support the network. If a mine’s electrical system is not optimised for these types of loads, power factor is likely to be negatively affected. Electrical losses and voltage instability in the system may be amplified, resulting in transformers or switchboards overheating, motor start issues and loss of torque at the cutting face. The consequence 40

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can be costly damage or a reduced life expectancy to electrical distribution and production equipment as well as possible loss of production through downtime. A system with poor power factor draws more apparent power from the network and as a result the supply network needs to provide infrastructure and generation that will support this. To reduce the demands placed on the grid, end users are subjected to a demand charge (based on kVA) as an incentive to improve their power factor to reduce the apparent power the site draws from the network. The application of power factor correction (PFC) systems compensate for some of the problems associated with the dynamic loads that are characteristic of mining networks. A PFC system will monitor and regulate a site’s power factor by energising optimally sized and designed capacitor steps that will locally supply the required reactive power to the connected loads, thus reducing the power drawn from the supply source. The rational use of electrical energy calls for economical generation, transmission and distribution with little losses. That means restricting all factors in electrical networks that cause losses. One of these factors is lagging reactive power. Loads in industrial and public power grids are primarily of an ohmicinductive nature. The purpose of systems for power

factor correction in networks is to compensate the generated lagging reactive power by leading reactive power at defined nodes. This also serves to avoid impermissibly high voltage drops and additional ohmic losses. The necessary leading power is produced by capacitors parallel to the supply network, as close as possible to the inductive load. Static capacitive compensation devices reduce the lagging reactive power component transmitted over the n/w. If grid conditions change, the required leading reactive power can be matched in steps by adding or taking out single power capacitors to compensate the lagging reactive power. A. Benefits of installing Power factor correction systems There are a number of positive benefits associated with installing PFC equipment and solutions, as outlined below.„ Tariff savings (avoiding penalties) : Reduces costs where tariffs are related to KVA maximum demand, with poor power factor, you will pay more for your electricity supply as you are subject to KVA maximum demand charges. These charges can often be a large percentage of an electricity bill, with some as high as 25% of a total electricity bill.„ ||www.electricalmirror.net||

Capital avoidance : Reduce the loading of supply transformers, switchboards and cables and as a result release capacity in your electrical infrastructure and plant without expanding supply infrastructure, thereby avoiding or deferring capital outlay on upgrading or purchasing new equipment to increase your electrical capacity.„ Mitigation of network and technical problems : Provide voltage stability and as a result reduce or eliminate issues associated with voltage fluctuation that may cause difficulty with large motor start, low torque issues for cutting machines due to lower than desired voltage levels and starting fully loaded conveyer systems. In addition, a PFC system can be designed to filter harmful harmonic distortions which can cause premature failure of electrical equipment, nuisance tripping, breaching of connection agreements or impact the validity of ex-certifications of flame proof motors. • Fast return on investment through lower power costs – Power factor correction reduces the reactive power in a system. – Power consumption and thus power costs drop in proportion. • Effective use of installation - an improved power factor means that an electrical installation operates more economically (higher effective power for the same apparent power). • Improved voltage quality &Reduced voltage drops • Optimum cable design – Cable cross-sections can be reduced with improvement of power factor (less current). In existing installations for instance, extra or higher power can be transmitted. • Reduced transmission losses - the transmission and switching devices carry less current, i.e. only the effective power, meaning that the ohmic losses in the leads are reduced. B. Components for Power Factor Correction

1. Capacitor Power factor correction (PFC) capacitors produce the necessary leading reactive power to compensate the lagging reactive power. They should be capable of withstanding high inrush currents caused by switching operations (>100 • IR). If they are connected in parallel, i.e. as banks, the inrush current will increase (≥150 • IR) because the charging current comes ||www.electricalmirror.net||

from the power line as well as from other capacitors connected in parallel.

Design of capacitors (MKK/MKP/MKD technology) Metalized plastic compact capacitors with self-healing properties and a polypropylene dielectric. Film metallization with zinc/aluminium alloy results in high performance and a low film thickness allowing significantly more compact dimensions and a lower weight. A heavy edge and special film-cutting technique (optimized combination of wavy and smooth cuts) produces a maximum effective surface for the metal spraying or contacting process. • Series PhaseCap Energy – with gas impregnation (dry tech.)/with semi-dry biodegradable soft resin. • Series PhaseCap and PhaseCap HD dry technology – impregnation with an inert gas (nitrogen N2). • Series PhaseCap Compact – semi-dry biodegradable resin. • Series DeltaCap – impregnation with semi-dry biodegradable soft resin. • Series PhiCap – impregnation with semi-dry biodegradable soft resin. Wav 2. Safety Self-healing properties : In the event of thermal or electrical overload, an electric breakdown occurs. The dielectric in the breakdown channel is broken down into highly compressed plasma that explodes out of the breakdown channel and pushes the dielectric layers apart. The discharge continues within the spreading plasma via the metal layers so that the

metal surrounding the faulty area is completely burnt out. This produces perfect isolation of the faulty area within microseconds. The self-healing process results in negligible capacitance loss – less than 100 pF per event. The capacitor remains fully functional during the entire process. Overpressure disconnector : At the end of the capacitor’s service life or when a high pressure forms inside the can, the overpressure disconnector is activated. The specially designed cover with an expansion bead moves upwards. Expansion beyond a certain degree will separate the wires and disconnect the capacitor safely from the line. The disconnector is separated at its breakpoint (small notch) and the flow of current to the capacitor windings is interrupted. Caution: To ensure full functionality of an overpressure disconnector, the following is required: 1. The elastic elements must not be hindered, i.e. – connecting lines must be flexible leads (cables), – there must be sufficient space (at least 20 mm) for expansion above the connections (specified for the different models), – folding beads must not be retained by clamps. 2. The maximum permissible fault current of 10 000 A to the UL 810 standard must not be exceeded. 3. Stress parameters of the capacitor must be within the IEC 60831 specification. Dry technology/ vacuum impregnation: The active winding elements are heated and then dried for a defined period. Impregnation is performed under vacuum. In this way, air and moisture are extracted from the inner capacitor, and oxidation of the electrodes as well as partial discharges is avoided. Afterwards, the capacitor elements are hermetically sealed in cases (e.g. aluminium). This elaborate process ensures excellent capacitance stability and long useful life. 3. Power factor controller Modern PF controllers are microprocessor-based. The microprocessor analyses the signal from a current transformer and produces switching commands to control the contactors that add or remove capacitor stages. Intelligent control by microprocessor-based PF controllers ensures even utilization of capacitor stages, a minimized number of switching operations and an optimized life cycle of the capacitor bank. After the required capacitor output has been determined, the number of steps should be defined. The broad product range of controllers from EPCOS allows customized solutions: the BR604 is suited to small PFC systems with four steps. The BR6000 series is available for conventional, dynamic and mixed compensation with six and twelve steps for medium and large systems respectively; BR6000-T6 for dynamic compensation with 6 steps. The PF controller BR7000 with its 15 outputs offers a broad range of applications, e.g. 15 conventional steps (each for one three-phase capacitor), 15 steps for single-phase ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 41

capacitors or mixed operation. Version BR7000-T with 15 transistor outputs is suitable for dynamic PFC. Series BR7000-I, designed for single-phase controlling. BR7000-I/TH and BR7000-I/TH/S485 are designed for dynamic and mixed systems, each with 12 relays and 12 transistor outputs. Rule of thumb: the number of steps depends on the number of loads, i.e. the more small inductive loads, the higher the number of steps should be. The switching time is also of major importance here: the more frequently a capacitor is switched, the more stress is placed on it and its contractors. 4. Multi measuring device An external meter combining several features in a single device. Combined with the appropriate PF controller, it allows the monitoring, display and storage of various grid parameters. It provides additional protection for the capacitor and the PFC system. As a standalone solution, it acts as a meter, a signal trigger for thyristor modules or as a switch. 5. MC7000-3 grid analyzer Offering three-phase measuring, display and storage of electric parameters in LV-grids, the MC7000-3, housed in a lightweight suitcase, is the optimum grid analysis tool for evaluation of new PFC-systemdesign or inspection of existing ones. A variety of accessories that come along with the device such as SD memory card, Windows-based software and several cables and clamps make the MC7000-3 a valuable instrument for PQS. 6. Switching devices Two types of switching devices are available from EPCOS : capacitor contactors and thyristor modules. Before choosing a switching device for a PFC system, the user must consider the number of switching operations. Capacitor contactor : Contactors are electromechanical switching elements used to switch capacitors or reactors and capacitors in standard or detuned PFC systems. The pre-switching auxiliary contacts of EPCOS capacitor contactors close before the main contact and avoid peak current values by preloading the capacitor. Note: Even when using capacitor contactors, it is important not to exceed the annual switching capability of the particular capacitor series. Thyristor modules: Fast-changing loads of any kind require technologies that act in real time. In dynamic PFC systems, thyristor modules replace slow-acting electromechanical switches. This not only allows them to react within a few milliseconds, but also increases the life expectancy of all components without any mechanical wear out of the thyristor module. Note: A dynamic PF controller is required, e.g. of the 42

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BR6000-T or BR7000-T series. 7. Reactors (compensation and filtering) Power distribution networks are increasingly subjected to harmonic pollution from modern power electronics devices, known as non -linear loads, e.g. drives, uninterruptible power supplies and electronic ballasts. Harmonics are dangerous for capacitors connected in the PFC circuit, especially if they operate at a resonant frequency. The series connection of a reactor and capacitor to detune the series resonant frequency (the capacitor resonant frequency) helps to prevent capacitor damage. The most critical frequencies are the 5th and 7th harmonics (250 and 350 Hz at 50 Hz grid frequency). Detuned capacitor banks also help to reduce the harmonic distortion level and clean the network. 8. Discharge devices Discharge resistors: Discharge resistors are required to discharge capacitors and protect human beings against electric shock hazards as well as to switch capacitors in automatic PFC equipment (opposing phase). EPCOS discharge resistors are designed to discharge capacitors to 75 V or less within 60 seconds. Specific types < 75 V in 90 seconds; please refer to table of ordering codes. Before switching on again, capacitors must be discharged to 10% or less of their nominal voltage. Discharge resistors are included in the scope of delivery, pre-mounted for the PhaseCap Premium, PhaseCap Compact, PhaseCap HD, DeltaCap and PhiCap B32344 series. Caution: Discharge and short-circuit the capacitor before handling it! Discharge reactor: Whenever fast discharge of a capacitor is required, a discharge resistor is not sufficient. Discharge reactors must be used to allow a discharge of within a few seconds. Also, the various steps in a PFC system can then be switched much faster, minimizing losses at the same time. 9. Protection An HRC fuse or MCCB acts as a safety device for shortcircuit protection. HRC fuses do not protect a capacitor against overload – they are designed for short-circuit protection only. The HRC fuse rating should be 1.6 to 1.8 times the nominal capacitor current. Caution: Do not use HRC fuses for switching (risk of arcing!). C. Economics of improving power factor Present issues surrounding escalating production costs, energy efficiency and a growing trend of electricity supply companies introducing kVA- based maximum demand charges are driving mining companies to re-think how they optimise their electricity supply and

distribution infrastructure. Often located at the end of the grid and characterised by heavy start up loads, mine sites are particularly susceptible to power quality issues. These issues can result in negative technical and financial impacts by interrupting production and driving up operational costs. It can also restrict plans for mine expansion. Mines, considered very large energy users, are also being targeted by electricity supply companies to address their power quality (in particular power factor) issues to meet electricity supply standards and their electricity supply connection agreement conditions. Power quality equipment and solutions are increasingly being considered to alleviate technical problems associated with poor power quality, reduce kVA demand charges and avoid capital outlay when looking to increase capacity. A frequently asked question is “will correcting power factor really reduce my electric bill?” There is no simple answer to this question. A better understanding of power factor, harmonics, the specifics of a facility’s electrical distribution system, and the billing practices of the electrical utility or energy provider is required to properly answer that question. Power factor : Electrical power in an AC circuit has three components: real power (P), reactive power (Q), and apparent power (S). Real power is considered the work-producing power measured in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW). For example, real power produces the mechanical output of a motor.

Reactive power is not used to do work, but is needed to operate equipment and is measured in VAR or kVAR. Many industrial loads are inductive such as motors, transformers, fluorescent lighting ballasts, power electronics, and induction furnaces. The current drawn by an inductive load consists of two components: magnetizing current and power producing current. ||www.electricalmirror.net||

The magnetizing current is required to sustain the electromagnetic field in a device and creates reactive power. An inductive load draws current that lags the voltage, in that the current follows the voltage wave form. The amount of lag is the electrical displacement (or phase) angle b/w the voltage & current. In the absence of harmonics, apparent power (also known as demand power) is comprised of (vectorial sum) both real & reactive power and is measured in units of volt-amps (VA) or kilovolt-amps (kVA). Power factor (PF) is the ratio of the real power to apparent power and represents how much real power electrical equipment uses. It is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used. Power factor is also equal to the cosine of the phase angle between the voltage & current Electrical loads demand more power than they consume. Induction motors convert at most 80% to 90% of the delivered power into useful work or electrical losses. The remaining power is used to establish an electromagnetic field in the motor. The field is alternately expanding and collapsing (once each cycle), so the power drawn into the field in one instant is returned to the electric supply system in the next instant. Therefore, the average power drawn by the field is zero, and reactive power does not register on a kilowatt-hour meter. The magnetizing current creates reactive power. Although it does no useful work, it circulates between the generator and the load and places a heavier drain on the power source as well as the transmission and distribution system. As a means of compensation for the burden of supplying extra current, many utilities establish a power factor penalty in their rate schedule. A minimum power factor, usually 0.85 to 0.95, is established. When a customer’s power factor drops below the minimum value, the utility collects a low power factor revenue premium on the customer’s bill. Another way some utilities collect a low power factor premium is to charge for kVA (apparent power) rather than kW (real power). With a diverse range of billing rate structures imposed by electrical utilities especially for large users, it is imperative to fully understand the billing method employed. Improving power factor : Adding capacitors is generally the most economical way to improve a facility’s power factor. While the current through an inductive load lags the voltage, current to a capacitor leads the voltage. Thus, capacitors serve as a leading reactive current generator to counter the lagging reactive current in a system. The expression “release of capacity” means that as power factor of the system is improved; the total current flow will be reduced. This permits additional loads to be added and served by the existing system. In the event that equipment, such as transformers, cables, and generators, may be thermally overloaded, improving power factor may ||www.electricalmirror.net||

be the most economical way to reduce current and eliminate the overload condition. Primarily, the cost-effectiveness of power factor correction depends on a utility’s power factor penalties. It is crucial to understand the utility’s rate structure to determine the return on investment to improve power factor. Maintaining a high power factor in a facility will yield direct savings. In addition to reducing power factor penalties imposed by some utilities, there may be other economic factors that, when considered in whole, may lead to the addition of power factor correction capacitors that provide a justifiable return on investment. Other savings, such as decreased distribution losses, improved voltage reduction, and increased facility current carrying capacity, are less obvious. Though real, often these reductions yield little in cost savings and are relatively small in comparison to the savings to be gained from reducing power factor penalties. Harmonic current considerations : This article intentionally assumes that a facility does not have significant harmonic currents present. However, some caution must be taken when applying capacitors in a circuit where harmonics are present. Although capacitors themselves do not generate harmonics, problems arise when capacitors for power factor correction improvement are applied to circuits with nonlinear loads that interject harmonic currents. Those capacitors may lower the resonant frequency of that circuit enough to create a resonant condition. Resonance is a special condition in which the inductive reactance is equal to the capacitive reactance. As resonance is approached, the magnitude of harmonic current in the system and capacitor becomes much larger than the harmonic current generated by the

nonlinear load. The current may be high enough to blow capacitor fuses, create other “nuisance” problems, or develop into a catastrophic event. A solution to this problem is to detune the circuit by changing the point where the capacitors are connected to the circuit, changing the amount of applied capacitance, or installing passive filter reactors to a capacitor bank, which obviously increases its cost. Use of an active harmonic filter may be another solution.

Capacitor bank considerations and associated costs : The selection of the type of capacitor banks and their location has an impact on the cost of capacitor banks. More difficult than determining the total capacitance required is deciding where the capacitance should be located. There are several factors to consider, including: Should one large capacitor bank be used, or is it better to add small capacitors at individual loads? Should fixed or automatically switched capacitors be employed? Well in general, since capacitors act as a kVAR generator, the most efficient place to install them is directly at an inductive load for which the power factor is being improved. ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 43

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Fixed capacitor location schemes include : Combining the required amount of capacitors at the main bus will eliminate the power factor penalty but will not reduce the losses in the facility. Capacitors placed at this location are the most susceptible to harmonic resonance. Distributing the capacitors to the motor control centers and subpanels proportional to average load. This will generally improve losses, although it is not an optimal solution. Distributing the capacitors using the motor sizes and the NEMA tables as a guide. This solution does not reflect the need for more released capacity, if this is a goal. Capacitors sized for small loads are often proportionally much more expensive than larger fixed capacitors, primarily because of installation costs. Capacitor switching options include: Switching a few of the capacitors with larger motors is an option. The capacitors may be physically installed either directly connected to the motor or through a contactor on the motor control center that is tied in with the motor control. If the motors are large enough to use capacitors of the same size as were being considered for the fixed capacitor scheme, little additional cost is incurred for installing them on the motors. Where the

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economy is lost is when the capacitors are placed on several small motors. There is relatively little difference in installation costs for large & small 480-V units. The second switching option is to consider an automatic power factor controller installed in the capacitor bank. This will switch large capacitor banks in small steps (25 through 50 is common) to follow the load. Automatic power factor capacitor banks should be installed at the motor control center rather than on the main bus, if optimal distribution loss is a goal. The economics of purchasing, installing, protecting, and controlling single large automatically switched capacitor banks can tilt the decision toward a main bus location, especially if the primary goal is to avoid power factor penalties. Reactors can be added to fixed or automatic power factor capacitor banks to prevent the risk of the harmful effects of harmonics (detuned filters). Conclusions The question of â&#x20AC;&#x153;will correcting power factor really reduce my electric billâ&#x20AC;? is not an easy question to answer. However, raising power factor is a proven way of increasing the efficient use of electricity by utilities and end-users. The application of capacitors

in the presence of harmonics must be done with care. Economic benefits for end-users may include reduced energy bills, lower cable and transformer losses, and improved voltage conditions, while utilities benefit from released system capacity. Capacitors are an effective, proven, and efficient means of improving PF.

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 45

Case Study of The Month

Various Case Studies on Operation and Control Schemes for Grid Sub-Station Contd. ... 1. Introduction : For the last few months, the response of the readers to the case studies on various incidents is overwhelming. Hence this month we are again choosing the write up on similar kind of studies for developing the synchronisation of practical observation to the theoretical concepts. The analysis of each incident being supported by actual observations had been described during the situation to add awareness amongst the operation, testing and commissioning engineers to know the cause of problems and be helpful for easy rectification of the problems. This can also help to develop economic schemes for the smooth running of the operation and control system in the Grid Sub-Station. 2.1 Frequent tripping of 400 KV Transmission Line: One of the 400 KV line was tripping on Rph-E fault with zone 1 indication at one end of the line and Zone2 on the other. Action Taken : 1. The line was patrolled thoroughly at each point. 2. As per the distance measured by the Distance Relay, the fault was searched at each cut point of the line.

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Er P. K. Pattanaik, is presently working with OPTCL as Asst. General Manager (Elect) in E & MR Division, BhubaneswarOdisha and associated with the Protection and Control schemes of Electrical systems. He is having 24 years of technical experience in Designing, Testing and Commissioning of Protection Control and operational Schemes, project Implementation, co-ordination, operations & maintenance of Electrical Equipments at various LT/ HT/ EHT level Grid Sub- Stations. He has also published around 70 technical papers in different national/international seminars/journals. ele.pkpattanaik@optcl.co.in

3. But each time nothing was noticed remarkable. 4. So each time, the line was getting energized and loaded successfully. But tripping was occurring intermittently, especially during the wind flow time. 5. Now the faults and corresponding disturbance records from the relay were downloaded for detail study. Observations:On observation from the DR (Disturbance Record), it was found the followings a. Each time the similar kind of fault i.e Rph-Ground was resulting. b. The fault current was of approximately 4KA to 5 KA. c. The Zone indication was of Zone-1 at one end and Zone-2 at the other. d. The type of fault and fault current was same at the other end. e. On the observation of the indications, it was decided that the fault may be due to reduction of Rphase to earth clearance. As R phase conductor

was on the TOP of the tower, the nearby earth conductor could be its structure (Cross arm) or the earth wire. f. The cross arm structure is being isolated by the use of Insulator stacks. So the crack and development of leakage path on the stack could be the reason of fault occurrence. But if it would have the case, then the insulator stacks could have been damaged resulting the total failure of the line. Moreover for each time the line is not tripping immediately just after closure. Line closure and load flow of required amount around 335MW was also occurring. So the apprehension of the crack of the insulator stack of this string was overruled. g. Then the clearance of top earth wire (OPGW cable) with this R phase was concentrated as the cause of the occurrence. h. So the total span from one end was thoroughly patrolled and found with SAG of this wire at one position and damage of few strands of the top R phase Conductor. i. But this distance is less than that of the declared

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distance by the relay. j. The shutdown was availed and the top OPGW cable clearance and damage of the conductor was attended for correction of the fault. Analysis:The reason of less distance calculation as obtained from the DR by the DP relay was analyzed. In actual condition the occurrence of the fault and distance calculation is done on the basis of REACTANCE calculation of the line conductor. But the availability of ARCHING RESISTANCE during the time of fault, disturbs the value of the reactance of the line and consequent upon which the distance calculation becomes different than that of the actual. In this case due to SAG on the line, during the wind flow, the clearance was becoming still lesser and the moment was occurring for which the ARCHING was resulting with flow of fault current and outage of the line at both ends as per the reactance measurement ( Actual + Arching value). Hence the declaration of the value is becoming more than that of the actual. But in the DP relay such calculation setting as per the distance with consideration of arching are generally decided by certain empirical formulae and experience with back calculation from the observance. NOTE: - It may be noted that for the repeated case of conditional fault occurrence like TOP PhaseEarth fault, and successful charging thereafter, the COMMON Earth Conductor and its positioning has to be checked before searching for total line or actual distance as per the declaration by the DP relay. 2.2 Frequent tripping of 220 KV Transmission Line: One of the 220 KV line was tripping on Bph-Rph fault with zone 1 indication at both end. This incident was occurring during 4 to 5 PM for the month of May. Action Taken: 1. The line was patrolled thoroughly at each point. 2. As per the distance measured by the Distance Relay, the fault was searched at each cut point of the line. 3. But each time nothing was noticed remarkable. 4. So each time, the line was getting energized and loaded successfully. But tripping was occurring intermittently, especially during the wind flow time. Observations with Analysis: a. Each time the similar kind of fault i.e Bph-Rph was resulting. b. The Zone indication was of Zone-1 at both end. c. The type of fault was same at the other end but fault current was different. d. On the observation and analysis of the indications, it was decided that the fault may be due to reduction of Bph to Rph clearance. e. In this system, Bph conductor was on the ||www.electricalmirror.net||

BOTTOM of the tower and R phase conductor on the TOP with Y phase at the middle. So the possibility of reduction of clearance with its own R phase conductor can be overruled. f. The situation of reduction of the clearance with other Transmission line could be condition of the reason of such occurrence. g. So this type of condition on the Line was patrolled and on physical checking it was found with the situation of CROSSING of 132 KV transmission line. h. The clearance of the 220KV and 132 KV line was found less of approximately of 1.1 mtr due to sag of the 220 KV line. i. Moreover during the month of May, the temperature on the heated conductor at around 4 to 5 PM could be maximum with summer contingency current on the line. j. The span of this affected line was also found more, because of these reasons, the line had suffered with maximum SAG with minimum clearance with CROSSING 132 KV line. k. During this month, in the afternoon, the situation of speedy wind flow usually results. So for such condition the clearance could be again less for resulting the arcing path and fault on the line. l. Each time the amount of fault current and distance of fault was resulting different with certain erratic value. It was due to the development of arching on the line due to wind flow and reduction of clearance. But each time the amount of arching and possible reduction of clearance may not be uniform. Action Taken: 1. The affected 220 KV line was investigated for possible rectification and attempt was done with special design of lower cross arm for increase of the clearance at the cross over of the line with 132 KV line. 2. Positioning of the conductor on the 132 KV line

was changed with top conductor being B phase to maintain similar conductor at the point of cross over to reduce the amount of fault current. 3. Then the system was charged successfully with no such fault occurrence on this line. 2.3 Recording of Power by idle charged 220 Kv line: One of the 220 KV line was idle charged for feeding power to a steel industry at one end with open at the other end. But at the end of the month it was observed with recording of energy on the energy meter with consumption of power on B phase only. Observations with Analysis: a. The advance of energy consumption was obtained on the current on B phase conductor. b. So the current reading with energized line was recorded and found with value of 42 Amp on B-phase and on Neutral. The power consumption on this phase was of 5 Mwatt with total 3 phase consumption being 5 Mwatt. c. The current and power recording by other phases were of ZERO (negligible) in comparison. d. The line was open at the other end, so the consumption on the particular phase was surprising. e. So the total line was thoroughly patrolled and found with touching of the bottom conductor to the FLY ASH DEPOSITORY MOUNTAIN inside the premises of an Industry. f. Smoke was evolving on this mountain with red hot of the fly ash. g. The reason of non-tripping of the line was analyzed and concluded as follows. i. The depository fly ash was acting as the load for the bottom B-phase line with respect to earth and consumption was being 40-42 ampere as recorded. ii. So according to this unbalance load on this phase the power was becoming as 5 Mwatt (220 KV/â&#x2C6;&#x161;3)x I x cos Ă&#x2DC; = 127x 42 x 0.95= 5.067 Mwatt. ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 47

Case Study of The Month

iii. The setting of the relay for earth fault was of Directional unit ( 67N), that did not actuate due the limit of unbalance current drawal with no un-balance on voltage value. iv. The DP relay actuation was also within the limit of setting range for which did not actuate. h. The total load survey data was downloaded from the energy meter for detail study. i. It was found with the rise of this current gradual on the basis of day by day. This might due to the gradual deposit of the fly ash. j. On inquiry with the working staff of the ash

handling section it was obtained with this statement that they were depositing from one side of the mountain. The line was passing on the opposite slanting age of the mountain as like shown in fig 2.3. So on gradual deposition from the top and gradual rise of the level at this slanting age, the clearance between the fly ash and conductor had been reduced. Day had been arrived; the conductor has touched the ash causing the current flow to it. As deposition depth being more the current drawal had become less to the limit of 40 to 42 Ampere. Action Taken: The ash depository mountain was removed to maintain proper clearance with the bottom conductor and strictly was advised not to deposit further ash on this mountain. Then the current became almost zero as like on the other phases. 2.4 Frequent tripping of 220 KV Transmission Line: One of the 220 KV line was tripping erratic indications as follows 1. Sometimes on over load on the particular phase

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

of B phase with no actuation of DP relay 2. Sometimes with actuation of DP relay on Bph-Earth. 3. Sometimes both the DP and OC relay. Observations with Analysis: a. All the DR ( Disturbance Record) were down loaded for the study from DP relay and OC relay. b. All tripping was causing the sudden rise of B phase current. c. Some faults for which only OC is actuating, Over load is resulting with no appreciate drop of voltage on its phase. d. The faults for which both DP and OC are coming, along with current rise, the voltage is also dropping to certain value, resulting the result of crossing the limit of setting and causing the tripping of both relays. e. So no such conclusion could be made from the reading of the values. f. So it was decided for the thorough patrolling of the line. g. On detail checking of the line, it was found with the similar problems as described in the case of situation 2.1. h. The clearance of the 220KV and 132 KV line was found less of approximately of 1.1 mtr due to sag of the 220 KV line. The positioning of the line conductor was such that the top conductor of 132 KV and bottom conductor of 220 Kv line was of same phase of B phase. i. Moreover during the month of May, the temperature on the heated conductor at around 4 to 5 PM could be maximum with summer

contingency current on the line. The span of this affected line was also found more, because of these reasons, the line had suffered with maximum SAG with minimum clearance with CROSSING 132 KV line. k. During this month, in the afternoon, the situation of speedy wind flow usually results. So for such condition the clearance could be again less for resulting the arcing path and fault on the line. l. Each time the amount of current becomes more due the potential difference of 220 KV and 132 KV system and sudden arching on the line due to reduction of clearance. m. As the reduction of clearance and development of arching was not uniform, the potential availability on the affected system was also not becoming uniform. n. So actuation of relays was also not becoming same. (Note if touching to 132 KV line the PD across the affected fault loop could be (220-132)/ â&#x2C6;&#x161;3= 51 KV in place of 220/â&#x2C6;&#x161;3= 127 KV. o. But if not touching only arching is resulting, the current may rise but not the considerable drop of the voltage. So the DP may not come, but due to rise of current beyond the setting limit, the OC relay may pick up. Action Taken: 1. The affected 220 KV line was investigated for possible rectification and attempt was done with special design of lower cross arm for increase of the clearance at the cross over of the line with 132 KV line, maintaining the proper clearance between the lines. j.

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 49

Special

Theme

ISGF AMI Rollout Strategy for India I. India is estimated to install 130 million smart meters by 2021 but progress could be stalled by significant infrastructural development and capacity building issues. In countries such as Italy, Sweden, Australia, Canada and UK etc., where smart meters have been deployed, the prime motive was to improve the frequency of meter reading as costs were very high. In India, C.P. Jain, chairman of Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers’ Association (IEEMA) meter division, boasts that the directions are there for reading all the meters at least once a month and hence, the meter reading costs are not so high as in the other countries mentioned “The metering technology available in India is quite advanced and in fact as per the regulations of March 2006, only advanced digital meters with communication are to be used for all tariff-metering applications. Presently, the meters being used in India are already smart with lot of smart features built in especially for prevention of theft of electricity and are suitable for advance functions like AMR and Prepayment.” According to recent industry reports, distribution utilities globally are expected to spend US$ 378 billion in smart grid technologies by 2030 where India is estimated to install 130 million smart meters by 2021. Sweden-based analyst firm Berg Insight says that penetration rates for smart metering technology will grow to around 50% in Europe and North America, and to over 75% in the 50

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

Asia- Pacific region from just around 15% to 25%, respectively, today. And by 2020, it estimates that penetration rates for smart meters are expected to approach 100% in most developed countries, with massive rollouts also taking place in new smart meter territories such as Latin America, India and the Middle East. Unlike developed countries however, India has not introduced smart metering in a large scale until now, said Suman Ghorai, senior manager in Energy and Utility practice of Price water house Coopers, India. The ministry of power unveiled 8smart grid pilot projects last year which are set to be rolled out shortly. The ministry is also going to finalize these eight projects of worth 500 crores on smart grid implementation, which uses a combination of smart metering and various technologies to improve the efficiency and reliability power system for sustainable growth. To initiate this process, 14 utilities, which manages the power distribution across India will be invited to submit the proposal for the eight pilot projects. The selected proposals will receive funding of around 50- 60

crore. The pilots will focus on addressing three key issues: • Reduction of AT & C losses, • Peak load management, and • Integration of wind & solar energy into the grid. The pilots are expected to be completed within 12 to 18 months. It is proposed that 50% of the total project cost will be borne by the Ministry of Power and the remaining 50% by selected utilities. Initial steps of smart metering in India is so far encouraging with the market for electricity meter both for static and electromagnetic witnessing rapid expansion of 32% between 2008-09 and 2010-2011, said Prima Madan of consultancy firm Emergent Ventures. This growth rate, she said can be largely attributed to government mandates and policies. Madan noted that the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) guidelines, which have mandated the use of static meters, have seen the Indian energy meter market shift largely to static meters from earlier

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electromechanical meters. With a maturing status of metering in the country and growing government interest and support, she believes that adoption of smart metering technologies is emerging to be the most relevant next step - a move that is highly anticipated to help reduce India’s peak power deficit which reaches 12-15% in major cities. “Reduction in commercial losses is one of the principal advantages of using smart metering, particularly of relevance for India, which arguably has the highest AT & C losses in the world at about 28%),” said Madan. Government initiatives Certain government initiatives are leading the way towards metering smartly in the country. The India Smart Grid Task Force (ISGTF) an inter-ministerial group initiated by the Ministry of Power, has been serving as a government focal point for all activities related to smart grid. Under the ISGTF, in March 2011, a Smart Meter Task Group was formed to discuss the development of cost-effective metering solutions that can be applied within the Indian context. The ISGTF plans to come up with 12 smart grid pilots in the country by next year, with specific inclusion of smart meters. These it envisages as a stepping stone to a large-scale rollout in the following years based on the learning of the pilots. Issues Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. plans to start prepaid metering for 10 cities in Maharashtra. Though there are some progress in smart metering across utilities at pilot level, PwC’s Ghorai noted that there are however significant infrastructural development and capacity building issues which need to be addressed before planning a large-scale implementation of the project. “Our recent studies show that few utilities have initiated Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) through GSM and through Infra-Red (IR), however, in spite of more than 50% consumers are having such smart technology most of the meters are read manually. Thus the benefits of such a huge investment are not realized. Therefore, there is a need for quick feasibility

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study to understand the technical and managerial issues and need to develop a plan to address those issues before deployment of smart meters.” Ghorai added that another significant issue in smart metering is the quality of HT and LT infrastructure. Though there are some improvements in urban power distribution system due to implementation of APDRP/R-APDER projects, where there are substantial infrastructure developments in metering and HT/LT system through AMR & IR static metering and ABC cabling, utilization of benefits is yet to be realized, said Ghorai. This, he said, is due to lack of knowledge sharing and communication between employees; absence of associated infrastructure for meter data analysis and necessary action for pilferage reduction; Insufficient regulatory focus and policy on smart metering; and lack of system modification to enable the benefits of existing intellectual meter; lack of consumer awareness on Smart Grid concepts, such as how they will be benefited through Smart metering. According to Ghorai, unless the above issues are addressed properly, large-scale investment for smart metering will be an additional burden without realizing the benefits of revenue enhancement. The policy makers and regulators have to implement a robust incentive

model framework to attract more and more private investments assuring the rate of return. What’s next ? It is expected that implementation of smart meters will touch every aspect of the power sector value chain and will bring value to the entire country but there are certainly barriers to smart meter implementation. Emergent Ventures’ Madan has suggested some of the potential steps forward should include first developing a robust policy and regulatory framework; developing an institutional structure to ensure effective implementation in a way which brings together all stakeholders and ensure appropriate allocation of responsibility; identifying the right meter specifications; and building technological capacity and expertise since smart meters manufactured in the country rely heavily on imported components. Madan noted that development of domestic capacity to produce meter components can go a long way in reducing per meter costs for the country. Madan also emphasized the importance of training the needed manpower and enhancing their skill set as well as the design of effective demand side management programmes based on meters in a way which ensures adoption of energy efficiency measures across consumer segments. Lastly, Madan stressed the need to conduct pilots. “It is widely felt that conducting pilots and testing the waters in terms of technology, consumer segments, etc. is important before a large-scale rollout. Though smart meters do form part of the currently planned 12 smart grid pilots under the ISGTF, inclusion of right DSM components in these pilots is required.” PwC’s Ghorai, meanwhile, suggests for a collaborative approach through vendor partnership. He also said an economics of scale needs to be work out before the roll out of this technology. “Till then the existing metering system ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 51

Special

Theme should be strengthened commercial loss reduction and focus should be given on metering efficiency, utilization of existing data for theft & pilferage protection, accurate energy accounting & auditing and revisiting the accountability of the personnel / feeder managers responsible for improvement of the metering operational efficiency,” he said II. ISGF Advanced Metering Infrastructure Rollout Model The Ministry of Power (MoP) mandated Central Electricity Authority (CEA) to prepare the functional requirements and technical specifications for indigenous smart meters. CEA released the first edition of the Smart Meter Specifications in June 2013. However, the distribution companies implementing 14 smart grid pilot projects issued different specifications in different states. This issue was brought to the attention of MoP by India Smart Grid Forum (ISGF). MoP requested the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for formulating a national standard for smart meters. Subsequently, BIS assigned this task to the Technical Committee under Electro Technical Division (ETD- 13) to prepare the standards for smart meters. In August 2015, BIS published the new Smart Meter Standard, IS 16444: AC Static Direct Connected Watt-hour Smart Meter – Class 1 and 2 Specification covering single phase energy meters; three phase energy meters; single phase energy meters with Net Metering facility and; three phase energy meters with Net Metering facility. Another standard IS 15959 : Data Exchange for Electricity Meter Reading, Tariff and Load Control, Companion Specification has been revised and published as IS 15959: Part 2-Smart Meter in March 2016. MoP has recently announced the Government’s vision to rollout smart metering on fast track for customers with a monthly consumption of 500kWh and above in Phase-1 by December 2017 and for

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

customers with monthly consumption of 200kWh and above in Phase-2 by December 2019. This goal is reiterated in the UDAY program and in the Tariff Policy announced by MoP. In view of the massive investment required for smart metering or Advance Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to cover about 50 million customers in next 4 years ISGF presents an innovative financing and implementation model in this paper. III. Ami Rollout Framework on Leasing & Services Model Considering huge capital investment required for the rollout of millions of smart meters and the present financial health of the electricity distribution companies (Discoms), it is proposed to undertake the AMI rollout on ‘Leasing’ and ‘Service Model’ as explained below: Meter Procurement on Leasing Model It is proposed to engage a nodal agency who will issue tender for procurement of smart meters as per BIS Standards (IS 16444 and IS 15959 – Part 1 and 2). The rates will be finalised on annual basis. Manufacturers with BIS-certified smart meters may be empanelled with rates of meter and different communication devices which the Discoms can choose based on their unique requirements. The cost of the smart meters and cost of the communication devices/Network Interface Cards (NIC) to be specified separately. Once manufacturers are empanelled, capacities declared and rates finalized (valid for a specified duration), each Discom can buy from these empanelled organisations provided they have the capacity to supply according to the rollout schedule of the Discom. Since the quantity of the meters to be installed is in tens of millions and the capital expense will be large, neither the meter manufacturer nor the Discom will be able to fund the program. Hence

in the interest of faster roll out, it is proposed to have a financial intermediary (a bank, PFC or other financial institutions) who will buy meters and communication devices from the manufacturers and lease it to the Discoms against a monthly rent for a period of ten years. AMI Implementation and Maintenance on Services Model AMI involves expertise in three distinct domains, namely, metering, telecommunication and information technology (including both software & hardware). Experience from around the world shows that no one agency could master these distinct components of AMI. Early-mover utilities tried to invest and own all these systems and have seen mixed results. All successful AMI projects have a strong system integrator playing the major role either as a prime contractor or as a utility’s consultant (like a Master Systems Integrator) who tests and approves each sub-components of the AMI system and ensures its interoperability and integration with other utility applications.

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ISGF proposes to appoint a Metering Services Agency (MSA) who will be responsible (along with their sub-contractors and associates) for a variety of functions related to implementation of AMI and its maintenance. Typical scope of services of a MSA would include: 1. Testing & certification of the meter and communication devices to be procured by the Discom for the defined scope of AMI in a given area/town with chosen communication technology/technologies 2. Taking delivery of meters and communication devices from the Discom and installing them at customer premise; and return of old meter to the Discom 3. Establishing and maintaining the last mile communication connectivity for smart meters for a period of at least 10 years 4. Selecting the appropriate communication technology for providing a Wide Area Network/ backhaul network 5. Leasing of bandwidth (wherever required) and maintaining for 10 years 6. Sizing of software and hardware of HES, MDMS and associated IT systems, and providing O&M services for at least 10 years. The MDMS, HES and associated IT systems to be housed at Discom premises or hosted in a sovereign public cloud 7. Integrating, testing &commissioning of the entire AMI system and creation of middleware (if required) and integration of MDMS with middleware 8. Integration of MDMS with other systems such as billing, collection, connection/disconnection, OMS etc. 9. Ensuring availability of complete AMI system at mutually agreed Service Level Agreements (SLAs)

The proposed AMI Rollout framework is described below:

Roll-Out Philosophy The new Meter Standards (IS 16444: AC Static Direct Connected Watt-hour Smart Meter â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Class 1 and 2 Specification and IS 15959 - Data Exchange for Electricity Meter Reading, Tariff and Load Control â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Companion Specifications pertaining to smart metering have been issued by BIS. All new meters should conform to these standards. The electricity consumer statistics in India are : ||www.electricalmirror.net||

In order to facilitate large scale deployment of smart meters,

Total no. of electricity connections 250 million in India (approx.) Total no. of unmetered connections (approx.)

25 million

Households without electricity connection

54 million

Commercial and other establishments expected to be connected to electric grid by 2020

25-30 million

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 53

Special

Theme • All feasible communication technologies may be allowed to operate in order to encourage innovation in view of the fact that the communication technologies advance much faster compared to other electrical technologies • IPv6 shall be made mandatory as this is in line with the IPv6 roadmap of the Ministry of Communications & IT, which states that: o All new service provider-owned Consumer Premises Equipment (CPE) deployed after June 30, 2014 to be IPv6 ready o Replacement/upgradation of 25% of CPEs by Dec- 2014 o Replacement/upgradation of 50% of CPEs by Dec- 2015 o Replacement/upgradation of 75% of CPEs by Dec- 2016 o Replacement/upgradation of 100% of CPEs by Dec-2017 • MoP may advise all Discoms to strictly abide by the new BIS meter standards. Hence, all meters procured by Discoms may be IS 16444 and IS 15959 compliant • A neutral agency may be appointed to assess the efficacy of the various communication technologies deployed in successful AMI projects around the world and in pilot projects in India and prepare a technology selection guide and roadmap for smart meter deployments in the country • Neutral agencies may be engaged for customer awareness and engagement programs related to smart metering and smart grids • Discoms to deploy smart meter on such feeders that have a large number of customers with monthly consumption greater than 500 kWh. Subsequently, customers with monthly consumption lesser than 500 kWh may be deployed. Deployment to be done on feeder-wise and NOT customer-wise so that the last mile communication network can be established and maintained at reasonable cost • As per IS 16444, the communication module has to be a part of the smart meter (either in-built or pluggable units). Hence retrofitting will not be possible. This was a decision taken by the technical committee at BIS as the stakeholders cited the following concerns if the communication module is retrofitted on existing meters:

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

o Theft of communication module o Increased points of failure o The unsuccessful use case of AMR in R-APDRP (where meter manufacturers were blaming the MODEM makers who in turn blamed the telecom network operators for poor bandwidth and vice versa) Sending engineers and technicians to customer premises again and again to check and rectify the meter-modem-bandwidth issues is several times more expensive than the cost of new meter and communication device. Hence retrofitting communication modules on already-installed meters should not be practiced. IV. Cost Estimate Discoms and Metering Services Agencies could opt for Sovereign Public Cloud as a service

which will provide scalability on demand and reduce overall costs of owning and managing captive IT infrastructure. Adoption of public cloud will convert hardware and software Capex to Opex which will help utility to streamline their cash-flows and also helps with business continuity. Discoms could consider cloud providers offering sovereign secured public cloud services complying with ISO: 27018 security and privacy standards. With the explosion of metering data over years, Discoms can look at advanced metering analytics on cloud for decision support systems to remove capacity constraints. This is the recommended robust and scalable model for long term business continuity with optimal costs. Discoms with existing DC/DR could also look at hybrid cloud models which allow seamless migration of virtual machines between on-Premise DC and Public Cloud and can plan for the metering data storage and analysis on cloud to win over capacity constraints. Depending on the SLA, geographical conditions and other requirements of the Discoms, it is feasible to undertake AMI implementation on LEASING and SERVICES MODEL at approximate cost of INR 69/meter/month (16% RoI on capital cost for ten years). In the calculation presented in this model, ISGF have not considered cost of 3 phase meters as in case of 3 phase smart meters, only the cost of meter will vary and rest all components (including communication devices) will remain same. As the 3 phase customers are higher income groups and are much less in numbers as compared to single phase customers, Discoms may recover the marginal cost of the 3 phase meter (over and above Rs 69/month/ customer) from the 3 phase customers. Following cost has been considered for the modelling exercise (for a customer base of 1 million): ||www.electricalmirror.net||

ITEMS

Unit Cost (INR)

Quantity

Capital cost per meter

1250

1 Million

Communication Module

1000

1 Million

DCU

50000

5000

Meter Box & Installation 1000 Charges

1 Million

DCU & COMMS Installation, 5000 Testing and Commissioning Charges

5000

Computer hardware and 50000000 software and networking equipment

Lump sum

Head End and Operating 40000000 System software and MDMS

Lump sum

System Itegration

50000000

Lump sum

Misc

10000000

Lump sum

sovereign secured public cloud infrastructure for AMI deployment to reduce CAPEX further. There could be innovative business models where in third party players might step in to offer a variety of services which could absorb the entire AMI cost - the smart meters could evolve as a smart hubs that could offer several other services to the customers. ISGF believes that market forces and innovation will evolve in this direction at a fast pace once we unleash this revolution â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 300 million smart meters in India in next 5-7 years ! Notes:

1. One million smart meters polling sending data at 15 minutes interval (96 times in 24 hours) with 1.5kb/ per poll generates 5GB data per month which needs to be retained for at least 7 years as per guidelines of the Govt. This is base raw data and will need further storage and computing power for analytics which will run in to Petabytes over the years and Discoms would find it impossible to handle it with in their own data centres; hence ISGF recommends sovereign public cloud. 2. Smart Hub is customer premise equipment that is connected to the electricity network and the telecom network which could act as a smart meter (or collect the meter data and send to the Discom) as well as offer telephony, internet, IP TV and several other services to the customer.

INR/METER/MONTH

V. Conclusion From our studies and analysis, ISGF have reason to believe that it is possible to undertake AMI rollout on the suggested framework at a cost of INR 69/ month per customer. It suggest splitting this amount between Discoms and the customers. Discoms obviously stand to gain from accurate meter data, avoided meter reading expenses, human errors and fraud, faster detection of outages and restoration etc. Hence, Discoms should bear 50% of the cost â&#x20AC;&#x201C; say INR 35/customer/month. For customers there are several benefits in terms of availability of energy consumption data that can help save energy, options to save money by shifting certain consumption to non-peak hours at lower tariff slabs (possible with ToU tariff), reduced billing errors, faster restoration of outages, remote monitoring and control of smart appliances etc. A customer with monthly consumption of 500 kWh pays average INR 2000 or more per month today and an increase of INR 34/month should not upset their monthly budgets. Once large scale deployments starts, the prices of equipment and systems are expected to come down so that by the time ISGF approaches customers with monthly consumption below 200 kWh, the cost indicated here may be nearly half. It is recommended for Discoms to consider adopting ||www.electricalmirror.net||

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 55

Sustainable environment Potable water Sanitation 24x7 clean energy Mobility: EVs/HEVs Connected / Autonomous vehicles Urban mobility Traffic control rooms Smart parking Digital India

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

e-Governance Green/ Smart buildings Urban planning Safety, security and surveillance Disaster management Smart health Smart education Make in India Smart aerotropolis Geographical information systems (GIS)

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The following table contains the detailed financial model : ASSUMPTIONS Total Number of customers PART A : Meter Finance Company A METER 1 Capital cost per meter (with) communication 2 Communication Module 3 Per Meter Cost (with communications module) 4 DCU 5 Total Cost

1000000

6 Paid Amount @16% ROI PART B : Services 7 Meter Box & Installation Charges 8 DCU & COMMS Installation Charges 9 10 11 12 13 14

Computer hardware and software and networking equipment

Additional racks, servers and storage, operating systems, database, UPS etc., This will be housed in the Data Centre and Or Centre of the Discoms

Head End and Operating System Software MDMS System Integration Misc Cost

15 Paid Amount @ 16% ROI PART C : Operation & Maintenance 16 Maintenance Charges Per Meter Per Month including bandwidth 17 Contingency

Unit Cost 1250 1000 2250 50000 -

Quantity 1 million 1 million 1 million 5000 1 million

Cost / Meter Cost / Meter Meter Nos. Meter

Cost for 1000000 customers 1250000000 1000000000 2250000000 250000000 2250000000

33.33

Meter / Month

1000 5000

1 million 5000

Meter DCU & COMMS

1000000000 25000000

50000000

20000000

20000000 50000000 10000000 1175

1 1 1 1

LS LS LS Meter

20000000 50000000 10000000 -

15.67

Meter / Month

15 5

1 1

Meter / Month Meter / Month

69.00

Meter / Month

TOTAL COST TO UTILITY Total Cost Per Meter Per Month

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 57

Guest Article

Remote Monitoring of Power & Energy Data

The Indian Power sector scenario remains gloomy, surrounded by the dark clouds. Although Power reforms started about a decade back, the achievements are only dismal. Financial health of most of the State Electricity Boards (SEBs) remains critical, mainly due to the uncontrolled use of low efficiency, Power wasting Equipment and Appliances, back breaking heavy subsidies for agricultural and some other sectors, and power thefts and pilferage resulting in heavy loss of revenue for the State Electricity Boards (SEBs) and other Utilities. Power Quality Power quality is often defined as the Electrical network's or the Grid's ability to supply a clean and stable Power Supply. In other words, Power Quality ideally creates a perfect Power Supply that is always available, has a Pure Noise-free Sinusoidal Wave Shape, and is always within Voltage and Frequency tolerances. Power Quality is simply the interaction of Electrical Power with Electrical Equipment. If Electrical Equipment operates correctly and reliably without being damaged or stressed, we would say that the Electrical Power is of good quality. For quality performance of various power system devices it is necessary to understand the problems due to Harmonics deeply and take further remedial measures for improvement and better performance. Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) play key role in creation of professionally qualified energy managers and auditors with expertise in energy management, project management , financing and implementation of energy efficiency projects as well as policy analysis. It is a Law to force firms to make more profit and not an Act to control and monitor Energy Consumption of Industry. Under the BEE’s PAT Scheme (Perform, Achieves & Trade) for few sectors it is mandated to compulsorily improve their Energy Efficiency by adopting all the available measures including replacement of their old Equipments 58

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

with New and Energy Efficient Equipments. For quality performance of various power system devices it is necessary to understand the problems due to harmonics deeply and take further remedial measures for improvement and better performance. It can thus be concluded that energy accounting and audit is very essential for reducing the T&D loss within optimum permissible limits, for which target are to be fixed and concerned efforts are to be mad to plug the leakages in the T & D system so that revenue collection of State Electricity Boards as well as Utilities increases which in turn will give a face-lift to them and improve their financial health. MECO introduce Multifunction Power & Energy Monitor, Model“MFM-96AF” Microcontroller based with MODBUS RTU Protocol is indigenously designed, tooled and manufactured by R & D Department of MECO and Competitively Priced. “MFM-96AF” TRMS with Super Bright Red LED Displays having Inbuilt Memory to store CTR, PTR, Inst. Address, Password & Energy Reset facility. It has Simultaneous Display for Voltage, Current, Active Power, Reactive Power, Apparent Power, Frequency, Power Factor, THD, Maximum Demand, Active Energy, Reactive Energy & Apparent Energy (Import / Export - 4 Quadrant operations). TRMS Measurement, 3P3W / 3P4W (User Selectable) CTR, PTR, Instruments address, Password Protected, Energy Reset & Auto / Manual Scroll Display (Programmable) are key features of “MFM-96AF”. THD for Voltage & Current, Run Hours, On hours, Phase Angle & Phasor Angle Measurement, Auto / Manual Scroll Display are additional Key features. With System Integration “MFM-96AF” is Ideal to acquire data though GPS / GPRS and monitor time to time Energy consumption of several location like Bank’s Branches, Commercial and Industrial Premises, Departmental

Stores, Malls, Hospitals, Schools / College / University Campus, Gymkhana etc. which is also useful for Building Management System, PLC’s / SCADA, Energy Audit, QC Testing, Remote Monitoring System etc. “MFM-96AF” having RS-485 Port with MODBUS Protocol & Power Master Software to store parameters on the PC can be grouped into table or graph for Analysis & Management of Electrical System. The User-friendly software shows on PC Real time value, Tabular representation, Graphical display of Measured, Stored values, History trends, Alarms for Max./ Min. values etc. These values can be converted to Excel format for further data processing & import into other software platforms.

Article By Haren Shah (Senior Marketing Executive) Hand phone # 09820093232 Landline # 022-27673328 Email: haren.shah@mecoinst.com & harenvshah@yahoo.com ||www.electricalmirror.net||

||www.electricalmirror.net||

ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 59

Product Info

Matrix SARVAM UCS –Unified Communication Server for Modern Enterprises

Today’s dynamic businesses require a smart and Unified Communication solution for seamless collaboration and connection between mobile workforce and in-office employees. Flexible device usage and round-the-clock connectivity is the need of the hour for mobile workforce. Increasing competition, flexible work places and timings increases the need for a more collaborative communication solution. With Collaboration and Mobility as the key aspects of business communications, the term “Unified Communication” has been evolved. Matrix SARVAM UCS is an enterprise-grade, Unified Communication solution that offers Collaboration, Communication, Messaging and Mobility. Matrix SARVAM UCS brings diverse users from multiple locations on a common platform for real-time collaboration and communication. The in-office employees can reach the mobile workforce on their smartphones/ Windows PC/ tablet by dialing only one extension number. Businesses are also at an advantage since the expense of getting devices for their employees is eliminated. Furthermore, the solution can be easily interfaced with the legacy networks such as POTS, ISDN, T1/E1/PRI and GSM/3G. Matrix SARVAM is designed for interoperability, to help enterprises evolve from what

they have got today, with the agility that is required for Android/iOS devices or Windows PC. to address tomorrow's communication requirements. Benefits : Key Features : 1) Improves Business Collaboration 1) Unified Messaging : Presence Sharing, Instant 2) Promotes Business Continuity and Networking Messaging, Conferencing and email to SMS. 3) Seamless Connectivity Irrespective of the Caller’s 2) Mobility : Convenience to connect from offices, Geographical Location between appointments, on business toursICON or MEDIA 4) Convenience in the Communication Procedure while working from home. Higher ROI and Lower TCO 375-G,5)IIIrd Floor, 3) Conferencing : Three-party conferences of 20 Pocket -II, Delhi - 110091 groups, 21 participants for a single conference For Further Information, please contact: and 62 participants in audio conference. Tel : +91 11 6510 4350, Telecom@MatrixComSec.com Fax : +91 11 22753088 Scalability : Scalable&up to 200 Users A4) Outlook of the Construction Infrastructure Industry +91 9662544402 Email : subscribe@constructionmirror.com 5) Unified UC Clients : Connectivity with Analog, www.MatrixTeleSol.com Digital, Proprietary, SIP/IP Phones or Applications Web : www.constructionmirror.com

CONSTRUCTION MIRROR

Trust built on performance List Price of KLJ Group ‘s Cable Compounds wef 01.12.2016 PVC Compounds Material

Grade

Application

Basic Price ( INR ) Ex Factory

GP Insulation

KLJ -22

Type A IS 5831

87.75

GP Sheathing

KLJ-05 H

ST-2 IS 5831

72.75

RDSO

KLJ-12B I

RDSO Type A

82.75

RDSO

KLJ-21NDLF

RDSO Type ST-1

72.75

LT XLPE

KLJ XL 01/02 SC

LT XLPE INS

116.5

LT XLPE ABC

KLJ XL 01/02 (ABC)

LT XLPE ABC

118.5

MV XLPE

KLJ XL 11/22 /02

11 /22 KV INSULATION

121.50

MV XLPE

KLJ XL 33 KV/02

333KV INSULATION

127.50

XLPE Compounds

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 61

Product Info

Imaging Multimeter with Infrared Guided Measurement (IGM)!

FLIR DM284 Imaging Multimeter with IGM is a professional, all-in-one True RMS digital multimeter with built-in 160x 120 FLIR thermal imager that can show you exactly where an electrical problem is to speed up trouble shooting.The DM284 visually guides you to the precise location of an electrical problem and helping you to pinpoint hot spots faster and more efficiently. IGM enables you to scan panels, connectors, and wires without requiring any direct contact — so you can do your job from a safe distance. Once you find an issue with IGM, the DM284 can verify and confirm findings

with advanced contact measurement features to help solve the most complex electrical issues. Ideal for field electronics, commercial electric, light industrial, field service and HVAC work. Key Features : • Pinpoint problems quickly and safely with IGM. • 18 Functions DMM including True RMS, VFD mode, LoZ, NCV, and more. • Includes high-quality test probes and a Type K thermocouple input. • Simple user interface and various thermal color

IR260 - Compact noncontact IR Thermometer IR267 - Mini IR Thermometer + Type K

Key Features : Specification IR Temperature Range

IR260

IR267

-20°C to 400°C

IR: -50°C to 600°C Ambient: -20°C to 70°C Type K: -50°C to 1000°C

+2% of reading or 2°C

Distance to Target

12:01

Emissivity

0.1 to 1.00 (adjustable) 0.05 to 1.00 (adjustable)

Built-In Laser Pointer

Yes

Adjustable emissivity for better accuracy

Yes

Programmable high/low alarm alerts

Yes

Product Warranty

1 Year

For more details call us on : +91-11-4560 3555 or write to us at flirindia@flir.com.hk

IR267

CONSTRUCTION MIRROR A Outlook of the Construction & Infrastructure Industry

FLIR DM284

Extech infrared thermometers provide non-contact, point-and- shoot temperature measurements ensuring safety and accuracy on the job. It is an ideal tool for maintenance professional for various industrial application.

Basic Accuracy

IR260

palettes to choose from: Iron, Rainbow & Greyscale. • Drop-tested and IP rated for splash and water resistance with 10-year warranty.

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

ICON MEDIA 375-G, IIIrd Floor, Pocket -II, Delhi - 110091 Tel : +91 11 6510 4350, Fax : +91 11 22753088 Email : subscribe@constructionmirror.com Web : www.constructionmirror.com

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 63

3rd Smart Cities India 2017 Expo ....................................................................................................................................................

Aeron Composite Pvt. Ltd. ................................................................................................................................................................

Central Power Research Institute ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 CWST Expo 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 Energy Storage India Expo ................................................................................................................................................................ 63 Flir Systems India Pvt. Ltd. ................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Gew Trafotech Pvt. Ltd. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Green-Watt Techno Solutions Pvt. Ltd. .............................................................................................................................................. IFG Heatflex Cables Private Limited ....................................................................................................................................................... IBC HPL Electric & Power Ltd. ................................................................................................................................................................. 01 Intelec Exhibition 2017 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 59 KLJ Polymers & Chemical India ........................................................................................................................................................ 61 Laser Technologies ............................................................................................................................................................................ 31 Meco Meters Private Limited ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 Life Style Expo-2016. ........................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Middle East Electricity Expo 2017 ....................................................................................................................................................... BC Mtekpro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. ................................................................................................................................................... IFC, 23 Next Gen Equipment Pvt. Ltd. ........................................................................................................................................................... 65 Ramelex Pvt. Ltd. .............................................................................................................................................................................. 21 Scope T & M Pvt. Ltd. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 03 Solar Today Expo ................................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Sonel Instruments India Pvt. Ltd. ...................................................................................................................................................... 68 Trinity Touch Pvt. Ltd. ........................................................................................................................................................................ 45 Usha Capacitors. Ltd. ......................................................................................................................................................................... 55 Vishay Components India Pvt. Ltd. ...................................................................................................................................................... 09

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 65

EVENT DIARY

Month/Date : 23 - 25 January 2016 Location : Greater Noida Web : ieema.org/event/intelect-2017 About Event INTELECT 2017 is the first fully integrated intelligent electricity exhibition in India. This Exhibition cum Conference is specially designed to demonstrate the New & Intelligent digital solutions, from source to socket, to manage the flow of electricity smartly. Its focus is towards the Convergence of electrical operation technology and Automation Devices with Information & Communication Technology.

Month/Date : 14 - 16 February 2017 Location : DUBAI WORLD TRADE CENTRE, UAE Web : www.middleeastelectricity.com About Event Dubai is the region’s commercial and tourism centre and connected to all international markets. Dubai is also the regional trading hub and gateway to the rest of the Middle East. Dubai’s diversity means that visitors can enjoy a whole range of different experiences. From the beautiful undulating desert sands to the bustling downtown areas, from the tranquil sea and pristine beaches to parks and gardens, Dubai is a city of adventure, contrast, discovery and surprise.

Month/Date : 07 - 11 March 2017 Location : Las Vegas, USA Phone : +1 414.298.4167 Web : www.conexpoconagg.com About Event CHEMTECH has connected the Chemical Process Industry in India with a constant focus on innovation and technology. What started as a simple idea of trade fair has continued to revolutionise the chemical industry today. CHEMTECH World Expo is recognised as the 2nd largest global event for the chemicals processing industry.

Month/Date : 16 - 18 March 2017 Location : BEC, Mumbai, India Web : www.cwstexpo.com About Event The Coil Winding and Transformer Industry is growing strength by strength, every day. The transformer Industry in India is well versed and matured enough into reliable supplier of all types of transformers and can meet country’s demand and exports market for sub-transmission system.

Month/Date : 7 - 9, April 2017 ICON MEDIA Location : BIEC, Bangaluru, India Phone : +91-22-65777990 375-G, IIIrd Floor, Web : www.solartodayexpo.com About Event Pocket -II, Delhi - 110091 LED India Expo 2017 is a concurrent show happening together. Both the shows will host leading +91from11LED 6510 4350, players in solar energy Tel sector: and industry that will include manufacturers, suppliers, contractors, consultants from India and many other countries. Fax : +91 11 22753088

Month/Date : 11 - 13 January 2017 Location : Nehru Centre, Mumbai, India Web : www.esiexpo.in About Event Deliberations at Energy Storage India demonstrated a wider consensus that Energy Storage is the Game A Outlook of the Changing Technology that will help India leapfrog Its Energy Infrastructure within theConstruction next decade.& Infrastructure Industry Leading ESS companies of the world - AES & Panasonic unveiled huge interest in the Indian Market with their participation at Energy Storage India. Exciting times ahead for Energy Storage in India!!

CONSTRUCTION MIRROR

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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ELECTRICAL MIR ROR || DECEMBER 2016 67

DECEMBER 2016 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR

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PRODUCT RANGE

AN ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004 & CE CERTIFIED & ROHS COMPLIANT

HEATFLEX CABLES PRIVATE LIMITED Regd. Office: SK-42, Sindhora Kalan, Delhi-110052 Phone: 011-23645428, Fax: 011-23643428 E-mail: heatflexcables@ymail.com, sales@uniquecables.co.in Website: www.uniquecables.co.in Works: H-1464, DSIIDC Narela Industrial Area, Delhi-110040

|| JANUARY 2016

RNI Regd. No. DELENG/2011/39089 . Postal Regd. No. DL(E)-20/5393/2015-17. Posted at Krishna Nagar P. O. Delhi - 110051 on 14th/ 15th of every month. English . Monthly . Date of Publication 5th of Every Month.