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ELECTRICAL MIR R OR
EDITOR’S DESK Dear Readers! Editor
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India's power and electrical demand this year has jumped by a record 40,00045,000 MW per day as an intense heat wave sweeps through northern parts of the country, the economy expands, and electricity reaches millions of unelectrified homes. A massive addition in the generation capacity, integrating the country into one transmission grid and strengthening of the distribution system during eight years of the Modi government is ensuring the 23 to 23.5 hours of electricity supply. India's electricity demand was recorded at an all-time high of 2,10,792 megawatts, and 4,712 million units of electricity were consumed. India is the world's largest single frequency electricity grid The electrical and power sector is flourishing, and the industry linked and demonstrates its capabilities to the rest of the world. The energy business is clearly on the mend following the Covid-19 epidemic, and India's government is boosting growth across sectors. We attempted to cover issues linked to the sector in this edition of Electrical Mirror, such as Control Panels and Switchgears, Smart Grid and Smart Meters, Substation Automation, Capacitors, Thermal Cameras and more.
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ELECTRICAL MIR R OR
Guest Article
Cover Story Control Panels & Switchgear
84
32
Different Parameters, Features and Equipment of Switchgear
Ramani Mani Founder & Managing Director Modutec Ready Panels Private Limited
Industry Focus: Smart Metres & Smart Grids
Press Release Hitachi Energy
Smart Metres and Smart Grids: Advantage and Purpose
08,10
9th ELASIA
09
PFC
12,22
Industry Feature: Substation Automation
Hitachi 14 ABB
16,19
NTPC
16,21,30
Tata Power
40
48
Different Types of Substations and Substation Automation
56
Case Study of the Month
18,22
VARIOUS CASE STUDIES ON OPERATION AND CONTROL SCHEMES FOR GRID SUB-STATION Contd…
BPE 20 Mitsubishi 20 Greenko 24
Schneider Electric
60
Special Feature: Capacitors
Harting 26
The capacitor segment has seen relatively good growth
28
Havells 29
70
Special Theme: Thermal Camera
Product Info
Thermal Imaging and Cameras: Usage and Advantages
Flir 78 Wago 80 Sonel 82
Advertisement
86
Event Diary
88
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ELECTRICAL MIR R OR
Press Release
Hitachi Energy inaugurates first of its kind transformer components factory in India
Press Release
The new low environmental impact production for dry bushings in Vadodara reflects Hitachi Energy’s commitment to accelerate reliable power in the Indian grid
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Hitachi Energy India Ltd. today inaugurated its new transformer components factory in Vadodara, Gujarat. Located in its largest manufacturing location in India, this factory will produce dry bushings with the most reliable technology called ‘Resin Impregnated Paper’. This will be the first manufacturing facility in India producing Resin Impregnated Paper bushings up to 400kV voltage level. This dry technology improves the thermal, electrical and mechanical performance of transformer bushings, making them more resilient and reliable – critical in transformers deployed in the power grid. Strengthening India’s power grid − one of the largest operational synchronous grids in the world – is vital for the country as it aims to integrate a greater share of renewables in a step towards its carbon neutral ambitions. Resin Impregnated Paper bushings offer an improvement over traditional oil-based alternatives by preventing moisture ingress, oil leakage and reducing risks of fire in case of failure. This technology enables operators to make the grid safer while reducing downtime and maintenance costs. This is the first facility producing 400 kV Resin Impregnated Paper bushings in India, with a capacity to manufacture up to 1,000 units per annum of Resin Impregnated Paper bushings ranging from 72.5 kV to 400 kV, catering to a potential domestic market of 50 MUSD over the next five years*. The factory will produce AirRIP® flex bushings, a unique combination of Hitachi Energy’s best practices from pioneering bushing technologies with a modular and flexible design, covering almost every need and design specifications with just one product family. “Over 80 percent of our portfolio is manufactured locally, and we are continuously evaluating how best to add capabilities for new technologies,” said N Venu, Managing Director and CEO, Hitachi Energy India Ltd. “By localizing such manufacturing capabilities, we
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are opening up new avenues and creating even more customer value – all while advancing the energy system to be more sustainable, flexible and secure,” he added. “This future-ready manufacturing facility is designed to minimize environmental impact and conserve natural resources,” said Bruno Melles, Managing Director of Hitachi Energy’s Transformers business. “Our goal is to ensure that production operations in India aspire to the highest standards of sustainability, in line with our own carbon-neutrality goals,” he added. The factory operates on 100 percent fossil-free electricity. In January 2022, Hitachi Energy announced that it had achieved 100% fossil-free electricity in its own operations as the first-step target set out in its Sustainability 2030 plan. Helmut Bockshammer, Global Product Group Manager for Transformer Components and Service at Hitachi Energy said, “Broadening our portfolio available in India reflects our commitment and expectations from this important market.” He added, “We are leveraging the AirRIP® flex design and production platform to comply with local standards, benefit from our global capabilities and provide product support where it is needed – close to our customers.” EM
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9th ELASIA 2022 – Global Electrical Market ’THINK ABOUT ELECTRICITY – THINK ABOUT FUTURE” ELASIA 2022 returns for its 9th edition as the leading power, electrical, controls & Lighting exhibition in India. The exhibition happens at the Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) from 24 – 26 June 2022 Organised by Triune Exhibitors Pvt Ltd in association with the Electrical Consultants Association of India (ELCA) the 9th ELASIA- 2022 Exhibition will be the podium to compare the best in the world to the best in India. The show will constitute an ideal platform not just for maximum exposure of cutting-edge products & services to key Electrical, Electronics, Lightings & Power sector players and top decision-makers but also for the kind of highpowered face to face business meetings and contacts that will take an Organisation forward in leaps and strides The 3-day Exhibition will also include a one-day Technical Conference themed "Sustainability of Digital Solutions for Electrical Systems" which has been designed to allow Exhibitors to experience multilateral approach to Exhibitions. This event will help manufacturers, users and consultants a common platform to review the latest advances and futuristic trends, share operational experiences and discuss the requirements for smart grid systems. India has set off on an ambitious mission, a mission to have 100% Electrification of our Villages providing access to electricity to each household in the nation, generate more than 7600 billion units of power, Expansion & Integration of transmission grids to establish a National Grid system. All the human activity in this civilized world starts with electricity
for their livelihood and economic growth. In this regard, 24x7 Power for All is need of the hour. To provide 24 hours of power supply for all category of consumers and regulated hours to agriculture continuously is a big challenge before the state. The people living in remote locations have to join the mainstream of civilization through Power accessibility and availability. The state Government also join hands with the Centre in providing all necessary support, co-ordination and committed to make this joint initiative a success. Triune Exhibitors Pvt. Ltd (TEPL) was founded in 2000. TEPL’s core business is organizing Exhibitions and Conferences etc. The group acts as an interface between government, industry, media and academia. TEPL is amongst few Indian exhibition organizers with a commendable track record of having organised 50+ Exhibitions on various subjects like Machine Tools, Electricity, Plastics, Printing & Packaging, Food-pro & Hospitality etc. TEPL’s robust sales, marketing, information technology, and ground operations teams enable the company to add value to their B2B and B2C exhibitions, ensuring business growth and maximum ROI for their customers. The Electrical Consultant’s Association (ELCA) was founded and registered in 1990 at Bangalore by a group of dedicated consulting professionals actively involved in the field of electrical consultancy. They have several experienced and recognised consulting professionals as its members and many of its members have been associated with prestigious electrical projects in the public and private sectors. EM
Coal India’s supplies to power sector rise 14% amid surging demand It has raised its supplies to thermal power stations by 14.2 percent during the first half of April 2022 compared to the same period last year amid rising demand. CIL’s supplies have hit 1.64 million tonnes (MTs) per day during this period against 1.43 MTs in the same period in April 2021, the company said in a press release. It further added that the company had accelerated its production to 26.4 MTs during the first half of April’22 registering 27 percent year-on-year growth. The company is heading for its highest April production ever. Output expansion in volume terms was 5.7 MTs, it said. ||www.electricalmirror.net||
To tide over the intense demand, the company said that it has made available additional 8.75 MTs of coal to State and Central Gencos for lifting through rail-cum-road mode till May 31. Of this, 3.25 MT is the unlifted quantity of the earlier round of RCR offer and 5.5 MTs is the new offer, it said. The escalating power demand, driven up by the post-pandemic economic buoyancy and hotter than normal summer, seems to dwarf the upsurge in supplies, it said. With mercury levels rising above 41 degrees, the Ministry of Earth Sciences has categorized heatwave status in Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. EM || June 2022 ||
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Press Release
Hitachi Energy India Ltd. reports strong financial performance despite supply-side challenges in the quarter ended March 31, 2022 QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS • Orders up 23% YoY • Revenue rises 11% YoY • PAT grows 31% YoY
FULL YEAR HIGHLIGHTS • Robust export performance - 24% of total orders • Solid order backlog of INR 4,672.3 crore at year-end • 100% fossil free electricity in operations • Board recommends dividend of INR 3 per share (150%)
Press Release
Hitachi Energy India Ltd. announces results for January to March 2022 and for the financial period from January 2021 to March 2022. (INR crore)
Jan - Mar 2022
Jan – Mar 2021
Oct - Dec 2021
Jan 2021 - Mar 2022 (15 months)
Jan - Dec 2020 (12 months)
Orders
1043.6
848.90
931
4548.1
3217.67
Revenue
1142.1
1023.80
1137.6
4950.9
3438.9
PBT (before exceptional item)
70.7
53.70
47.5
240.7
171.8
PBT (after exceptional item)
70.7
53.70
83.4
276.6
136.28
PBT % before exceptional item
6.2%
5.20%
4.2%
4.9%
5.0%
PBT % after exceptional item
6.2%
5.20%
7.3%
5.6%
4.0%
PAT
51.7
39.40
61.7
203.34
99.8
PAT %
4.5%
3.80%
5.4%
4.1%
2.9%
Op EBITA**
77.1
75.90
89.5
344.1
194.5
Op EBITA %
6.8%
7.40%
7.9%
7.0%
5.7%
**The company evaluates the profitability based on Operational EBITA. Operational EBITA represents income from operations excluding: (i) amortization expense on intangibles, (ii) restructuring and restructuring-related expenses, (iii) non-operational pension cost, (iv) gains and losses from sale of businesses, acquisition-related expenses and certain non-operational items, as well as (v) foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in income from operations consisting of: (a) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives (foreign exchange, commodities, embedded derivatives), (b) unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables/payables (and related assets/liabilities).
“The continued shift from fossil fuels to electrification by India’s industrial sector towards a carbon-neutral future is encouraging and we also experienced solid demand from transmission utilities and industries,” said N Venu, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Hitachi Energy India Ltd. “The government’s climate conscious budget supports the focus on technologies that will help to accelerate the energy transition. While supply chain constraints and commodities pose short-term challenges, our long-term growth prospects remain intact,” he added.
Orders
In the quarter ending 31 March, we received orders worth INR 1,043.6 crore, up 22.9 percent YoY, driven across sectors – utilities and industries. The Company won major orders from public and
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private companies to strengthen state grids, integrate renewables and support digitalization. Industries, especially, steel and oil and gas, contributed towards orders for traditional power quality solutions, as well as evolving opportunities like digital substation enhancements. The continuing electrification of India’s railways generated demand for trackside power equipment. In Services, industries such as steel drove orders, from expanding their power infrastructure to lifecycle services – remote and on-site. The consultancy part of the business supported renewable and BESS studies from India and around the world, as well as technical customer training activities. From North America to Malaysia, increasing global demand for power quality technologies and grid integration projects helped to boost the order book with Exports contributing to over 24 percent ||www.electricalmirror.net||
NEW
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11 ELECTRICAL MIR R OR 2018/2/27 星期二 9:59:54
Press Release
of orders in the quarter. As of March 31, 2022, the order backlog stood at INR 4,672.3 crore, which is expected to result in sustained revenue in the coming months.
Press Release
Revenue
Revenue rose 11 percent YoY reaching INR 1,142 crore for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, as the company executed and delivered on domestic and global orders. Despite the ensuing third wave of Covid-19 at the start of the year, the Company executed utility projects to help prepare for high demand summer months. The Company also completed a transformer digitalization pilot (using CoreTec®, CoreSense™ and e-devices), with add-on solutions to upgrade all makes of transformers. As off-shore wind generation develops as a critical lever in the energy transition, the company introduced OceaniQ™ – innovative offshore portfolio of products, solutions, and services for reducing costs, increasing safety and improving efficiency for the offshore segment.
Operations
The quarter witnessed COVID-19-led restrictions in January, persistent semiconductor shortages and high commodity and raw material prices, resulting in margin pressure across the industry. However, the company remained selective on contracts, revisited long-term agreements with customers and suppliers and through intense collection efforts improved cash performance.
Profit
Profit before tax was INR 70.7 crore, up 31.7 percent YoY, despite high commodity and other supply challenges. Profit after tax was up 31.2 percent YoY to INR 51.7 crore. Through continued focus on efficiencies, Operational EBITA stood at INR 77.1 crore in the quarter.
Board outcome
Based on the Company’s performance and encouraging market outlook, the Board of Directors recommended a dividend of INR 3 per share (150 percent), subject to the approval of members at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. Following the recommendation of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, the Board of Directors, at its meeting held today, reappointed Mr. N Venu as Managing Director and CEO of the Company for a further period of five years commencing December 2, 2022. They also reappointed the independent directors – Akila Krishnakumar, Nishi Vasudeva and Mukesh Butani – for a second term of five years commencing December 24, 2022. The re-appointments are subject to the approval of the Shareholders. EM
PFC’s Euro Green Bonds are now listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange
Power Finance Corporation Ltd (PFC), the leading NBFC in power sector has successfully listed its maiden 300 Mn 1.841 % Euro green bonds on Luxembourg Stock Exchange, which is the largest green bond listing platform. The listing has been done under the co-operation agreement signed between India INX & Luxembourg Stock Exchange, which encompasses areas of mutual interest in Green bonds and ESG space. Mr. R.S. Dhillon, Chairman and Managing Director of PFC, rang 12
Supporting the vision of advancing a sustainable energy future for all, a Smart Electric Grid Lab was inaugurated to develop future talent at NIT Warangal. Our technologies and projects that are helping to accelerate the energy transition were recognized by India Smart Grid Forum (a public private partnership initiative of Ministry of Power, Government of India) in their Innovation Awards.
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the bell at the listing ceremony held in GIFT IFSC Gujarat on 1st June 2022 for PFC’s dual listed Euro Bond on Luxembourg Stock Exchange. The Euro Bond has been dual listed. The listing ceremony was attended by Mr Injeti Srinivas, IFSCA Chairman, Her Excellency Ms. Peggy Frantzen, Ambassador of the grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Mr Arnauld Delestienne, Director International Capital Market & Member of the Executive Committee, Luxembourg Stock Exchange, Mr V Balasubramaniam- Managing Director & CEO- India INX, in addition to other senior officials from IFSCA, PFC, India INX and Luxembourg Stock Exchange. PFC had issued its maiden 300 Mn 1.841 % Euro Green Bonds in September 2021, through which PFC forayed into the European markets for the first time. The listing on the prestigious Luxembourg stock exchange, would give PFC a further opportunity to enhance its visibility amongst the European investors and ease access to European markets for future issuances. During the ceremony, Chairman and Managing Director of PFC, Mr. R.S. Dhillon commented that “This listing on Luxembourg stock exchange would aid PFC in strengthening its presence in the European continent and help facilitate future financing to meet the green energy goals set out by the Govt. of India”. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Press Release
Hitachi and Hitachi Astemo Developed Thin-type Inverter Technology for EVs That is More Compact and Energy Efficient
Press Release
New structure with simplified wiring improves production efficiency and reduces CO2 emissions Hitachi, Ltd (TSE: 6501) and Hitachi Astemo, Ltd. have developed basic technology for a thin-type inverter that achieves both energy conservation and miniaturization as a power converter (inverter) for electric vehicles (EVs). This technology simplifies power wiring by integrating power semiconductors(1) that control power supply with printed circuit boards. Compared to conventional products, the thin-type inverter reduces energy loss when power semiconductors are switched by 30% and is approximately 50%(2) smaller. The new design eliminates the need for welding of power semiconductors and power wiring, and the number of components and assembly processes required are also reduced. As a result, throughout the lifecycle of the inverter, including the production process, CO2 emissions are reduced.
2. Mounting technology to reduce the number of components and processes required for assembly Hitachi and Hitachi Astemo will accelerate efforts to commercialize the thin-type inverter technology, and Hitachi will contribute to the realization of a carbon-neutral society by applying this technology to a wide range of applications, including not only EVs but also EV fast- charging systems and power transmission systems. The electrification of automobiles is rapidly advancing as the world aims towards a decarbonized society. Inverters are an essential component of EVs, converting DC power from the battery to AC power and controlling the rotation of the motor. Inverters are also important components for the effective use of energy, including fast-charging systems for EVs and power transmission systems for renewable energy. As the introduction of EVs and renewable energy increases in the future, inverters with conventional structures will require larger power semiconductors and peripheral components to control the power supply, which will increase energy loss and complicate the assembly process. Hitachi and Hitachi Astemo have been providing inverters for various applications to customers around the world and have now developed the basic technology for a thin-type inverter with a completely different structure. The features are as follows:
1. Technology to integrate power semiconductors and inverter circuit components with printed circuit boards
Inverters are composed of power semiconductors that turn large currents on and off, and circuit components that conduct large currents. Because power semiconductors generate heat when
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high current is applied, conventional structures require separate assembly of power semiconductors and inverter circuit components and their connection with wiring. As a result, the entire inverter structure is complex, making it difficult to reduce energy loss and the size of the inverter. Hitachi and Hitachi Astemo have now developed a basic technology that avoids the problem of heat generation by integrating the power semiconductors on a printed wiring substrate that incorporates the inverter circuit components. This technology simplifies the power wiring inside the inverter and reduces inductance(3), resulting in a 30% reduction in the energy loss generated when the power semiconductors switch on and off, and thus reducing heat generation. The size of the inverter is also successfully reduced by 50% compared to conventional products.
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Conventional inverters use many copper plate components called busbars(4) to supply large currents to power semiconductors, which must be connected by welding or other means. This required many parts and assembly processes, making it difficult to improve production efficiency. With the mounting technology, power semiconductors and circuit components are mounted on a compact, lightweight, thin printed wiring board, successfully eliminating the need for busbars. This has greatly simplified the production process, reducing the number of components and assembly steps. The technology reduces energy consumption in the production process and contributes to the reduction of CO2 emissions over the lifecycle of the inverter. (1) Semiconductors that can pass or stop a larger amount of power than ordinary semiconductors. Si (silicon) has been mainly used as a material, but the practical application of SiC (silicon carbide), which is high-performance and energy-saving, has been progressing. The structure of the newly developed product is based on Si power semiconductors, but it can also be applied to SiC. (2) Compared to Hitachi's conventional product (100kW class). (3) A value that determines the magnitude of voltage induced in the wiring of AC circuit. Large inductance leads to an increase in surge voltage and energy loss. (4) A conductor to carry a large current. The developed inverter will be exhibited at the Automotive Engineering Exposition 2022 to be held at Pacifico Yokohama from May 25, 2022. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Press Release
ABB acquires controlling interest in India’s Numocity
Press Release
• Numocity is a leading digital platform for EV charging in India • Acquisition strengthens ABB E-mobility’s position in Asia and Middle East
ABB today announced that its E-mobility division has agreed to acquire a controlling stake in Numocity, a leading digital platform for electric vehicle charging in India. ABB will increase its shareholding to a controlling majority of 72 percent and has the right to become sole owner by 2026. Financial terms of the transaction were not disclosed. The transaction is part of ABB E-mobility’s overall growth strategy and will significantly improve its position across India, as well as South East Asia and the Middle East – target regions for Numocity given increasing demand for charging solutions for two and three-wheelers, cars and light commercial vehicles. Founded in 2018 and based in Bangalore, India, Numocity is a market leader in India’s EV charging sector, offering a cloud-based digital platform that allows consumers and fleet operators to use a network of fixed chargers or battery swapping solutions on a “pay as you go” basis. The platform is also able to monitor the impact of energy use on the electricity grid. ABB already made an initial investment of
NTPC – FY22 Audited Results PAT up by 17.01% (Standalone) & 13.30% (Consolidated) The Country’s largest power generator- NTPC Ltd., with a present group installed capacity of 68,982 MW, declared the financial results for FY22 on 20 May 2022. NTPC Group generated 361 Billion Units and recorded highest ever annual generation in FY22 as compared to 314 Billion Units in FY21, an increase of ~15%. NTPC’s standalone gross generation in FY22 is 299 Billion Units as compared to 271 Billion Units in the corresponding previous year, registering an increase of ~10%. NTPC Coal stations achieved a Plant Load Factor of 70.74% as against the National Average of 58.76.% during the FY22. On standalone basis, Total Income of NTPC for FY22 was `120,042.43 crore as against corresponding previous year Total Income of ` 103,552.71 crore, registering an increase of 15.92%. PAT for FY22 was ` 16,111.42 crore as against
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seven percent as part of seed stage venture capital funding three years ago. Frank Muehlon, CEO of ABB E-mobility said: “We are delighted to expand our presence in the burgeoning Indian market, while also enlarging our offering in EV charging infrastructure. Zero-emission mobility will play a key role in the Indian government’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions, while the wider region is a hotbed of digital expertise.” Ravikiran Annaswamy, CEO of Numocity, added: “Our dedicated team is proud to be expanding its cooperation with ABB to offer secure, stable and seamless digital platforms for the monetization and management of EV energy infrastructure.” ABB is a world leader in EV charging solutions and the partner of choice for the world’s biggest electric vehicle OEMs and nationwide EV charging network operators, having sold more than 680,000 electric vehicle chargers across more than 85 markets; over 30,000 DC fast chargers and 650,000 AC chargers, including those sold through Chargedot. EM
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`13,769.52 crore in FY21, registering an increase of 17.01%. On consolidated basis, Total Income of the group for FY22 was `134,994.31 crore as against corresponding previous year Total Income of `115,546.83 crore, registering an increase of 16.83%. PAT of the group for FY22 was `16,960.29 crore as against corresponding previous year PAT of `14,969.40 crore, registering an increase of 13.30%. The Board of Directors of NTPC Ltd. have recommended a final dividend @ 30% of paid-up share capital i.e. ` 3.00 per equity share of face value of ` 10/- each for FY22, subject to the approval of the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting. The Company had paid an Interim Dividend @ 40% of paid-up share capital i.e. `4.00 per equity share in February 2022. This is the 29 th consecutive year of dividend payment by the Company. EM
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Press Release
Tata Motors and Tata Power Join Hands to Install 7 MWp Solar Rooftop Expansion Project in Pune
Press Release
• With the expansion, Tata Motors PV Pune manufacturing unit will now house India’s largest on-site solar project of 17 MWp • Project to generate 23 million units of electricity, mitigating 5.23 lakh tonnes of CO2; equivalent to planting 8.36 lakh trees over a lifetime
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Reaffirming Tata Group’s commitment towards sustainable manufacturing Tata Power and Tata Motors have joined hands for the development of a 7 MWp solar rooftop project at Tata Motors’ Passenger Vehicle Plant in Chikhali, Pune. This is the third phase of a joint 17 MWp on-site solar project developed by the two companies, of which a 10 MWp has been installed earlier. With this latest installation, the Tata Motors PV manufacturing unit, installed by Tata Power, will become home to India’s largest on-site solar project. Tata Motors and Tata Power have recently inked a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) for this solar project. A significant step towards building a resilient and sustainable future, the installation is collectively expected to generate 23 million units of electricity, mitigating 5.23 lakh tonnes of carbon dioxide. This will be equivalent to planting 8.36 lakh trees over a lifetime. Commenting on the project, Mr. Rajesh Khatri, Vice President, Operations, Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd., said, “Tata Motors has been working towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve Net Zero Emission goal. With fresh agreement to install an additional Roof Top solar plant of 7 MWp in our Pune plant in association with Tata Power, we will move closer to our goal of 100% Renewable Energy. Post commissioning of this capacity, we will become the largest onsite solar installation in India.” Tata Motors, as a signatory to the RE100, is committed to using 100 percent renewable energy in its operations and has taken
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many steps toward this objective by gradually increasing the proportion of renewable energy used in its operations. The company generated 92.39 million kWh of renewable electricity in FY22, accounting for almost 19.4% of total power usage. The company also plans to obtain renewable energy with greater rigour to reach its goal of procuring 100% renewable energy by 2030. Speaking on the project expansion, Mr. Gurinder Singh Sandhu, Chief – New Business Services, Tata Power said, "India's largest on-site solar project at Tata Motors' Pune plant is a testament to our shared goal of being green in our businesses. The project reinforces Tata Power's position as one of India's top renewable energy players, offering considerable value to its partners through its project execution capabilities and technical expertise." Tata Power comes with a successful background in executing multiple large solar rooftop solutions including the one of the world’s largest rooftop (16MW) at a single location at Radhasoami Satsang Beas (RSSB), Amritsar; 2.67MW at Cochin International Airport; one of the world’s largest solar-powered cricket stadium-Cricket Club of India (CCI) with 820.8 kWp capacity; unique installation of the solar vertical farm (120kW) at Dell Technologies at Bangalore and 1.4MW floating solar at Tata Chemicals, Nellore. In addition, Tata Power is carrying out an extensive pan-India residential rooftop program to make people aware of the benefits of savings through solar energy. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
Indian industries to accelerate energy efficiency investments within next 5 years to achieve Net-Zero targets: ABB survey
• A new survey commissioned by ABB highlights the current and future plans of Indian companies to invest in energy efficiency to achieve net-zero targets • 98% of respondents are either already investing or planning to invest in energy efficiency, while one-third of them plan to make improvements this year • Half of the respondents cited cost savings as the major reason for adopting energyefficient technologies
More key findings from India:
• 63% plan to achieve their respective Net Zero targets within 5 years • 90% say rising energy costs are at least a minor threat to their profitability, highlighting the need for energy efficiency • Approximately 23% of annual operating costs are
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attributable to energy usage • Major driving factors for energy efficiency investment were cost savings, corporate sustainability commitments, and increased competitiveness • Just under a third plan to make energy efficiency improvements this year (32%), with a further 61% planning to make them within the next 2 to 3 years • Production was the priority area of investment for half of those investing or planning to invest, in making their energy usage more efficient • 72% are upgrading equipment to best-in-class energy efficiency ratings to be more energy efficient • 94% expect their investment in energy efficiency to increase over the next 5 years The global survey was carried out as a part of the #energyefficiencymovement, a multi-stakeholder initiative launched by ABB in 2021. The interviews were conducted online by Sapio Research in February 2022, targeting 2,294 companies in 13 countries including India, ranging in size from 500 to 5,000 or more employees. 254 companies from India participated in the survey, out of which, 71% belonged to the manufacturing sector, 9% constituted the transportation and heavy industries, and the remaining belonged to the energy generation and light industries.
Press Release
According to the Energy Efficiency Investment Survey 2022 commissioned by ABB, 32% of the companies are planning to make energy efficiency improvements this year, and 7 in 10 companies are upgrading their equipment to best-in-class energy efficiency ratings. Half of those investing or planning their investments in energy efficiency cited production as their high-priority area for investment, followed by facilities, including building management, HVAC, and lighting. The Energy Efficiency Investment Survey 2022 comes in the wake of a recent UN report calling for concerted action from countries to cut greenhouse emissions at a faster rate. India announced its commitments to fight climate change at the Glasgow COP26 conference last year, pledging to cut its emissions to net-zero by 2070 while targeting to meet 50% of its energy needs from renewable sources by 2030. In alignment with this, one of the key findings of the survey reveals that Indian industries are increasing investments in energy efficiency in the next five years, as the crucial race towards Net Zero intensifies. “The results show that a large percentage of companies are confident of investing in energy-efficient technologies, setting India on the right track to fulfill its ‘Panchamrit’ promise around the five key commitments to fight climate change. This is excellent news for our environment, people, and industries. We are committed to making this a reality for our customers and partners in India and will continue to accelerate decarbonization by developing smart, energy-efficient solutions tailored to specific customer needs,” said Sanjeev Arora, President, Motion Business Area, ABB India.
Energy Efficiency Movement
ABB’s ‘Energy Efficiency Movement’ is consistent with the company’s Sustainability 2030 strategy, which commits to supporting ABB’s customers in decreasing their 2030 CO2 footprint by a collective 100 megatons annually, the equivalent of removing 30 million combustion cars from the roads each year. ABB India is playing an active role in leading this movement, by bringing stakeholders together and onboarding channel partners and customers. Companies are invited to join the movement and make a public pledge as a way of inspiring others to act. EM || June 2022 ||
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Press Release
BPE Deploys Flagship Product At Watco India; Propels Drinking Water Infrastructure
Press Release
BPE delivers a mini data center solution at WATCO India for the launch of Sujal mission
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India’s leading power manufacturing brand, Best Power Equipments (BPE) India, deployed the ‘Mini Data Centre Integrated Solution’ at WATCO India Pvt. Ltd. It is an all-in-one integrated system that allows sync between various IT Infrastructures management and automation systems. Empowered by this, WATCO launched the 1st Indian RO water project at Jagannath Dham Puri. Sujal - drink from tap mission to make Puri the first Indian city to get round-the-clock piped pure drinking water. While deploying their flagship innovation at WATCO India, a three-tier approach was incorporated by BPE covering aspects Remove, Raise and Reduce. This ideology removed the oversizing,
component-level specification process, unusable capacity, and complexity of decisions operating costs, consequently raising efficiency, power density deployment duration, and speed predictability. BPE also focused on reducing one-time engineering, on-site fabrication, and human error margin. Speaking on the project, Amitansu Satpathy, Managing Director – BPE, commented, “The whole team of BPE feels delighted to be a part of WATCO. This project has been a great experience for me personally and all the teams who worked around the clock to execute it. We were able to deploy this project cost effectively within a short duration of 10 days.” EM
Mitsubishi Corporation signs Participation Agreement with Sempra Infrastructure, TotalEnergies, Mitsui for Carbon Sequestration Project in Louisiana
Mitsubishi Corporation is pleased to announce that it has signed a participation agreement with Sempra Infrastructure, TotalEnergies and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. for the development of the proposed Hackberry Carbon Sequestration (HCS) project at the site in Southwest Louisiana. The project aims to capture, transport and sequestrate carbon dioxide (CO2), primary sourced from Cameron LNG, and the participation agreement provides the basis for the parties to potentially enter into a joint venture with Sempra Infrastructure for the HCS project. Last summer, the Hackberry Carbon Sequestration, LLC, which is owned by Sempra Infrastructure, filed an application for a Class VI injection well permit from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for permanent storage of up to 2 million tonnes per annum of CO2. As underpinned in both Roadmap to a Carbon Neutral Society and Midterm Corporate Strategy 2024, announced in October 2021 and May 2022 respectively, MC is placing greater emphasis on energy transformations (EX). By lowering the carbon footprint
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throughout the LNG value chain through CCS and other EX initiatives, MC hopes to spearhead future transformations and help societies to decarbonize by providing a stable supply of clean energies. "We are thrilled to participate in a business opportunity that could potentially lower the carbon intensity of LNG produced from the Cameron LNG Project, through which we will be able to provide additional value to our customers," said Masaru Saito, Senior Vice President and Division COO, North America Div., Mitsubishi Corporation. "CCS promises to play an important role in achieving net-zero emissions on a global scale, so we are excited about making this project happen and looking forward to expanding our CCS business portfolio." The development of the HCS project is subject to risks and uncertainties, including signing definitive agreements, securing all necessary permits, and reaching a final investment decision. EM
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NTPC’s Girl Empowerment Mission touches newer heights of success; empowers girls across different project locations in the country
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across 20 project locations. NTPC oversaw the enrolment of girl students between the age of 10-12 years from different locations such as Dadri, Korba, Farakka, Sipat, Singrauli, Kawas, Ramagundam, Simhadri and other project areas. These girl students have gotten exposed to not only academics but also yoga, self-defence, fine arts and much more. These girls have imbibed a creative mind set and also learnt the importance of team spirit. GEM ensures that the girl child grows into a well-rounded adult; with ample curiosity and quality communication and social skills. Additionally, it motivates the girl child to nurture their creativity, sharpen psychological, social and emotional growth, and makes learning a lively, engaging, and impactful experience. Since its inception, the company has laid focus on creating pioneering Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices that have had a permanent sustainable impact on the lives of the people. NTPC will continue to spearhead such initiatives and touch the lives of the marginalized people and ensure that they live their lives with dignity. EM
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Press Release
Girl Empowerment Mission (GEM), the flagship CSR initiative of NTPC Ltd in empowering young girls, to realise their dreams has achieved the newer heights of success. NTPC Ltd, India’s largest integrated energy company, has received widespread acclaim for supporting the upliftment of girls, with focus on girl child from the villages around NTPC projects. Further, it is planning to conduct its GEM initiative in about 35 project locations during this year. GEM programme has empowered girls from across the country and made them aware of basic education, health and self-defence. With this initiative, NTPC aims to help these girls break the glass ceiling and dispel the misconception about female foeticide in rural areas. The initiative has created a space for the children to showcase their talents and capabilities. As a responsible corporate citizen, NTPC started Girl Empowerment Mission (GEM) back in 2018 and contributed to the empowerment of unfortunate girls in the vicinity of its project locations. By 2019, Girl Empowerment Mission (GEM) benefitted 2300 girls
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Press Release
Press Release
PFC extends Financial Assistance for the establishment Trauma Centre in Siddharthnagar, UP under its CSR Initiative
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PFC, a Maharatna Company and India's leading NBFC in power sector, has signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) to provide Financial Assistance of Rs. 4 Cr for the establishment of Trauma Centre in the premises of Madhav Prasad Tripathi Medical Hospital (MPTMC) , Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh. The MoA was signed between PFC and MPTMC in the presence of Shri R.S. Dhillon, CMD, PFC. Shri Manoj Sharma, ED In-Charge (Commercial Division), Shri Rizwanur Rahman, Executive Director (CSR & PR), Dr. Salil Kumar Shrivastava, Principal-MPTMC, Shri
M. Prabhakar Das, Chief General Manager (CSR) and other Senior Officials of MPTMC and PFC were also present on this occasion. Located in Uttar Pradesh, Siddharthnagar has approach to 2 national highways i.e. NH 730 and NH 233. Around 4500 accidental cases reach Siddharthnagar Hospital per year out of which 3200 cases are of head and other serious injuries. MPTMC will act as the first point of treatment for most of the accident cases and also act as a first point of referral within a radius of 25 kms of Siddharthnagar. The establishment of Trauma Centre will also help in bridging the gap arising due to lack of medical equipment and resources which sometimes has led to unfortunate death of critical cases. The project will be implemented in a time-period of 1 year and will help in providing improved healthcare services in and around Siddharthnagar, UP. The objective behind extending financial assistance is to strengthen the quality and delivery of healthcare services among the local communities which is important to ensure accessibility, affordability and availability of healthcare services to all. PFC aims to improve health outcomes among rural/urban population with focus on overall healthcare. As India’s leading public sector enterprise and a responsible corporate, PFC is committed to ensure overall development of the society by extending financial support to various developmental initiatives in the areas of Health, Education and Skill Development. EM
Tata Power Solar Commissions 66 MW EPC Project for Vibrant Energy Tata Power Solar, one of India’s largest integrated solar companies and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tata Power, commissioned an EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) project of 66MW for Vibrant Energy. The project will produce 110,029 units of energy annually. The installation will lead to a reduction of carbon emissions of up to 9 lakh tonnes. The project is spread over 191 acres comprising 1,27,268 solar modules and has been completed within a record nine-month period. Tata Power Solar and Vibrant Energy share the vision of leading innovation-driven renewable energy solutions in the country. Tata Power Solar carved out a unique execution plan by deploying multiple teams to ensure smooth functioning and commissioning of the project at all levels. The team established a two-level Pooling Sub- Station the undulating terrain, and the hard rock land was earthed to ensure the structural stability of the entire EHV (Extra High Voltage) system. Materials were directly unloaded at the workplace to avoid delays caused due to multiple shifting and to enable immediate regularization. Along with this, insurance of modules was done
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before commissioning. Commenting on the project commissioning Dr. Praveer Sinha, CEO & MD, Tata Power, said, “We consider the commissioning of this large EPC project for Vibrant Energy to be a significant accomplishment since it demonstrates our best-in-class project execution capabilities. We are sure that this project would set a new standard for industry collaboration and contribute towards India's clean energy goals." Commenting on the partnership, Mr. Ashish Khanna, President Renewables, Tata Power, said, “We are proud of the partnership with Vibrant Energy, it showcases the industry's trust in us and our expertise of on-time project delivery. It also reinforces Tata Power Solar’s commitment to lead India’s transition towards a greener future through a strategic approach and operational excellence.” With the commissioning of this project, the company's total utilityscale solar project portfolio touches 9.7GWp. Speaking on the commissioning of the project, Mr. Srini Viswanathan, CEO, Vibrant Energy, said, “This project is a testament to our commitment towards decarbonization and sustainable development. We are honoured to partner with Tata Power Solar for EPC of 66 MW project that has been commissioned in a record 9-month period.” EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Press Release
Andhra Pradesh CM performs First Concrete Pour for World’s largest Integrated Renewable Energy Storage Project
Press Release
• • • •
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5,230 MW largest integrated renewable energy storage project at Kurnool, AP RE storage capacity of 10,800 MWh per day, which can integrate 6 GW of wind and solar capacity Project investment of over US$3.0 billion towards pumped storage, solar & wind capacity 15 million tonnes of CO2 avoided annually, equivalent to emissions from 3 million cars
Shri Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, today performed the “first concrete pour ceremony” of the world’s largest Integrated Renewable Energy Storage Project (IRESP); being implemented by Greenko Group, at Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh. The 5,230 MW Integrated Renewable Energy Storage Project will play a pivotal role in India attaining energy security and enable global energy transition. This is a first of its kind single location energy storage project with wind and solar capacities. This project is being implemented with an investment of over US$3.0 billion comprising Pumped Storage (10,800 MWh of daily storage), Solar (3000 MW) and Wind (550 MW). Noting that history is being created with the project, the Shri Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh said, “What Andhra Pradesh is showcasing (with the project) will be a triggering point for the entire country to follow in the days to come. The usage of fuel of fossil fuel would take a back seat
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and Renewable Energy front seat.” He also appreciated the Greenko Group for the initiation of setting up the world’s largest renewable energy storage facility. “The project envisages clean energy round the clock,” said the Chief Minister. “We offer an exclusive opportunity for people interested in green power and decarbonizing the economies. Our topography is such that we have the capacity of 33000 Mega Watt available in the state, and this project will show the country how green power can be generated,” Jagan Mohan Reddy said. Speaking on the occasion, Mr. Anil Chalamalasetty, Founder, CEO & MD, Greenko Group said: “It’s a moment of great pride for Greenko that we have pioneered to deliver, ahead of global ambition of a 24/7 dispatchable renewable energy solution, for industrial decarbonization and energy transition. This was achieved due to policy support at national level and the visionary leadership of Hon’ble Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Sri Jagan Mohan Reddy garu, who is transforming Andhra Pradesh into a sustainable manufacturing hub. Given the State’s favourable topography for PSPs; Andhra Pradesh is set to become an energy storage capital of India. This integrated solution is pivotal for the Nation to become energy independent and establishes it as a leader of decarbonized economies.” With this project, Greenko has pioneered the concept of storage contracts with central utilities and large industries. The project is scheduled to get commissioned by last quarter of 2023. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Press Release
HARTING is making Connectivity+ tangible at the HANNOVER MESSE 2022
Press Release
Philip Harting, CEO of the HARTING Technology Group, used a model to present the functionality of the Han-Modular® Domino modules to the attending trade fair audience.
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Finally, after a two-year hiatus due to the pandemic, the HANNOVER MESSE has returned and opened its doors as an in-person event once again. The HARTING Technology Group is in attendance and hosting its traditional press conference in front of an audience of industry journalists, partners and trade fair visitors. “The 2022 HANNOVER MESSE is a very special event for HARTING,” said Philip Harting, CEO of the Technology Group, as he opened the press conference. “It is the first edition of the trade show since the return of in-person events – allowing us to meet with visitors face-to-face again at last. At the same time, it is celebrating its 75th anniversary, for which we express our congratulations. At the HARTING Technology Group, we celebrate this milestone with you, as we have attended ever since the very outset of the event in 1947.” The overarching motto of this year’s fair in Hanover is: “Let’s create the industry of tomorrow”. The Technology Group seized this as an opportunity to showcase some of its products and solutions on the topic of Connectivity+ at a trade fair for the very first time. For HARTING, Connectivity+ bridges the gap between social and technological megatrends, through to its own products and solutions. “We are shaping the connectivity of the future with solutions that provide innovative added value for our customers,” explained Dr Kurt D. Bettenhausen, Management Board Member for New Technologies and Development, as he outlined the concept. “Connectivity+ extends far beyond the electronic component itself. This means it is not about a single connector but about the approach as a whole.” This year, the spotlight is on a world first: the Han-Modular® Domino Modules, which represent a crucial building block in meeting the requirements of the industrial transformation. Following the press conference, the journalists present had the opportunity to take part in ‘PressSpeedDates’, in which experts were on hand to discuss the presented topics and tackled questions from industry reporters in one-on-one interviews. An overview of the HARTING Technology Group’s highlights (Location: Hall 11, Stand C 15):
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As the trade fair celebrates its anniversary, the Technology Group will be presenting innovations and products that bridge the gap between social and technological trends Modularisation: The world première of the Han-Modular® Domino Modules. Visitors to the Hannover Messe can experience the next generation of industrial connectors as the enabling technology of today’s industrial transformation and digitalisation for the first time at a trade show. These modules meet the ever-growing demands from industry for weight savings and ever tighter installation space. Optimised space utilisation combined with maximum flexibility for hybrid systems achieves weight reductions of up to 50%. This reduces the associated carbon footprint throughout the value chain, from the connectors’ production to their transport and subsequent use by customers. All for Energy: By leveraging savings potential through the targeted use of connector solutions, HARTING tackles the topics of energy efficiency and decarbonisation through its Han® HPR HPTC and Han-Eco® products. All for Ethernet: This is the place to go for trade fair visitors interested in industrial Ethernet infrastructure. The Technology Group is shining a light on new interfaces, a new M12 PushPull standard and single-pair Ethernet. All for PCB: HARTING provides answers to key questions: What benefits can digital services provide for a specific connector set-up using printed circuit boards? What role do product data and configurators play in this context? 3D MID: Customised 3D MID solutions for automotive engineering, industry and medical technology. However, new approaches in a sub-assembly standard for flexible use in wide-ranging situations plays a role at the HARTING trade fair stand. Digital services: News and developments regarding configurators and digital services, such as product configurators and smart data models. e-Mobility: Casting the spotlight on modern, standardised AC/ DC charging solutions – from charging sockets to components for flexible battery storage systems. You can find further details of the connector solutions and digital services listed here in our press kit at: https://www.harting.com/DE/en-gb/news/press-release EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
Presents
EV INDIA 2022 An Electric Motor Vehicle Show
07th-09th September, 2022
India Expo Centre, Greater Noida, NCR, U.P., India
India’s Biggest Electric Motor Vehicle Show E-CHARGE FORUM E-MOBILITY AWARDS
CONCURRENT EVENTS
COP26 EV RALLY EV pe CHARCHA
FOCUS INDUSTRIES v Electric Vehicles Manufacturers v Charging Infrastructure, Equipment & Solutions v Battery Manufacturers v Auto Component Manufacturers v Battery Management System/Battery Storage System v iOT Devices & Software v Raw Material v Allied Products & Accessories Supported by
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Press Release
Consumer-packaged goods, logistics, water and wastewater industrial automation improves IT integration with Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Automation Expert version 22.0
Press Release
World’s first software-centric industrial automation system delivers step-change advancements in operational flexibility, productivity, and ROI
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Beijing Jingkelun selected EcoStruxure Automation Expert to easily meet fluctuating market challenges
Schneider Electric, the leader in the digital transformation of energy management and automation, today announced version 22.0 of EcoStruxure™ Automation Expert, further enhancing the capabilities of the world’s first software-centric universal automation system. Consumer-packaged goods, logistics, water and wastewater operations now have next generation automation capabilities and unrivaled operational flexibility with EcoStruxure Automation Expert v22.0. including: • expanded libraries for segment functions and energy management devices • enhanced user experience (UX) in the build time tool • fortified built-in cybersecurity • support for additional engineering input formats, including DEXPI (ISO15926 based) and Excel • Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish language support and enhanced documentation Importantly, the solution also provides end to end digital
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continuity through close integration with AVEVA applications. EcoStruxure Automation Expert can connect to AVEVA Engineering and import plant design data for automated bulk engineering. It also enables scalable visualization for the enterprise control room by integration with AVEVA System Platform Decoupling automation software from hardware EcoStruxure Automation Expert provides increased flexibility and control by enabling automation software to be separated from the hardware, providing freedom for all enterprises to break their dependency on proprietary industrial automation. “EcoStruxure Automation Expert provides us with the digital thread through our operations that we need to become as efficient as possible,” said Quanjiang Wang, General Manager, Jingkelun. “By decoupling hardware and software, we can analyze, edit, or update systems effectively and provide our customers with the level of flexibility they need. EcoStruxure Automation Expert, with its open, vendor-agnostic approach, has changed the very nature of automation software.” Beijing Jingkelun, the high-tech business specializing in the ||www.electricalmirror.net||
users, and OEMs share a common automation software layer across their technology. This technological collaboration is driving the development of portable, interoperable, “plug and produce” automation solutions that industrial enterprises can easily integrate regardless of brand. Since its introduction in late 2020, EcoStruxure Automation Expert has received numerous recognitions and awards for innovation and product excellence. Most recently, EcoStruxure Automation Expert was the recipient of the 2022 Engineer’s Choice Award for Software: MES, MOM. “Our customers continue to call EcoStruxure Automation Expert a ‘game changer’ for industrial automation engineering and operation,” said Fabrice Jadot, Senior Vice President, Next Generation Automation, Schneider Electric. “Industrial flexibility and sustainability have never been more important, given today’s highly volatile market. With EcoStruxure Automation Expert, our industrial enterprise customers are driving towards 100% engineering efficiency, ready for 100% effectiveness, and now 100% future proof.” EcoStruxure Automation Expert v22.0 is the next in an ongoing series of updates and enhancements that Schneider Electric delivers to the market at least twice a year. Schneider Electric was recognized as the world’s most sustainable corporation in 2021 by Corporate Knights Global 100 Index. EM
Lloyd sponsors the 34th Junior Training Programme of Delhi Golf Club
Lloyd, a consumer durable brand owned by Havells India Ltd today announced the 5 years association with the Junior training programme (JTP) organised by the Delhi Golf Club. The programme is targeting children from the age groups of 8 and 17 years, is aimed at nurturing talented juniors.
The programme has been divided into four 10-day camps starting on May 16th, May 26th, June 05th, and June 15th, respectively. Around 150 children will be trained under the guidance of well-known A & B Category coaches, Jasjit Singh, Vikram Sethi, Gaurav Ghei, Ali Sher, every participating kid will be trained on the basics of the sport. Entry forms are available at the Delhi Golf Club office during office hours and is open to both members’ as well as non-members’ children. Speaking about the association, Alok Tickoo, Executive Vice President, Lloyd said “Havells has always been supportive of sports and promoting the young talent for future. We are delighted to associate with DGC for 5 years of sponsorship helping with the development of golf in the country. The ||www.electricalmirror.net||
platform recognises an opportunity for the underprivileged children to enhance their skills, talent for their bright future”.
Press Release
research, development, and construction of green intelligent cold chain storage, selected EcoStruxure Automation Expert to meet continuously fluctuating market challenges. The business wanted to react to market opportunities and changes in real-time while also decreasing commissioning and maintenance costs. They also wanted to leverage new technologies to advance service and capabilities and protect their installed base investments. With EcoStruxure Automation Expert, Beijing Jingkelun achieved: • 30% savings of commissioning time and ease of maintenance • holistic system management of heterogeneous systems through orchestration • locked access to function blocks source code • efficient “wrap and reuse” of automation objects Universal automation digital ecosystem In addition to providing digital continuity and seamless integration with complementary software, EcoStruxure Automation Expert also enables different entities, whether internal or external, to work together to create the best solution to solve specific market challenges. EcoStruxure Automation Expert is the world’s first universal automation solution and part of an ecosystem that works similarly to an app store for automation where vendors, end
Commenting on the association, Lt Gen. Balbir Singh Sandhu (Retd) Chairman Golf Operations, DGC said “We are committed to developing the sport of golf and providing all opportunities for talent development. We believe the association with Lloyd will help our initiative designed to introduce young girls and boys to playing golf which will help them evolve as leaders through sports”. Havells believes in touching many aspects of human life. And over the years we have embarked on the journey of social change through inclusive growth dedicated to the cause of the future generations. Owing to this vision, the sponsorship with DGC will provide a platform to around 25 children from underprivileged background. Over the years, JTP has produced players of the calibre of Shiv Kapoor and several others who have gone ahead and made India proud. EM
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Press Release
Press Release
On the eve of World Environment Day, NTPC reinforces its commitment towards environment through plantations and awareness drives
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NTPC Ltd, India’s largest integrated energy company is celebrating World Environment Day on 5th June across locations by reinforcing the theme of this year – #OnlyOneEarth through several programmes including plantations, pledge taking ceremony, and awareness drives. As part of the Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav ( AKAM), NTPC is undertaking several sustainable initiatives like the inauguration of Smart Township at Solapur, Maharashtra. During the CPSE ICONIC Week celebrations, NTPC is also organizing a massive tree plantation drive at its various power stations. In an endeavour to deliver sustainable and affordable energy, NTPC has declared Energy Compact Goals at the UN and become the first energy company in the world to do so. On the eve of World Environment Day, NTPC is reinforcing its commitment towards environment. Even though the power major has been actively exploring opportunities in green hydrogen, carbon capture, battery
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storage, electric mobility and waste-to-energy space, NTPC Green Energy Limited (NGEL) has been incorporated to drive clean energy initiatives of the company through a focused approach. By 2032, the company intends to have 60 GW capacity under its belt through Renewable Energy (RE) sources. In line with National Water Mission, NTPC has been committed to the optimization of water footprint through sustainable usage including its re-use through efficient Operations and Maintenance by conservation techniques like rainwater harvesting at all its establishments. Reinforcing its unwavering commitment, NTPC has signed the CEO Water Mandate, which is a highly collaborative partnership between UNGC and specialized organizations dealing with water issues. NTPC has modelled its sustainability initiatives through stateof-the-art technologies and process innovations to not only reduce ecological footprint but also bring positive gains for conservation, enhancement and restoration of biodiversity. In tune with this, the company has issued Renewed Biodiversity Policy 2022 to establish a comprehensive vision and guiding principle in this domain. NTPC was the first PSU to issue Biodiversity Policy in 2018 and became a member of the India Business & Biodiversity Initiative (IBBI) in the same year. NTPC has implemented the Circular Economy initiative through Reduce, Reuse and Recycle approach for all waste generated from its operations. The company has saved more than 4 crore of paper equivalent to approximately 5000 fully grown trees annually by going paperless. NTPC has been environmentally conscious while creating a habitat for migratory birds around its power stations. Further, NTPC has launched the use of treated sewage water from Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of municipal body for thermal power plants located within a 50 km radius of the STP. It has also initiated the co-firing in thermal plants through biomass pellets. NTPC has planted more than 37 million trees in & around its projects. In addition, the company has been adopting the “Miyawaki” technique to promote building forests, thereby helping retain groundwater & support local biodiversity. In order to restrict pollutants within permissible limits, NTPC is also installing Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) for 60 GW thermal power capacity. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Control Panels & Switchgear
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Different Parameters, Features and Equipment of Switchgear Switchgear is crucial in a power system since it is directly tied to the electrical supply's reliability. Make that the switchgear is in good working order, as this can cause problems with the system. Switchgear can be damaged by a mixture of water, dust, high humidity, and vibrations. There has been little progress in several technologies in recent years. Let's take a look at some of the most recent improvements in electrical switchgear. Circuit breakers, switches, switch fuse units, off-load isolators, HRC fuses, contactors, tiny circuit breakers, ELCBs, GFCIs, and other switching devices are all included in the phrase "switchgear." The integration of these switching devices with related control, measuring, protecting, and regulating equipment is also included. Electrical energy is generated, transmitted, distributed, and converted using switchgear devices and assemblies. Switchgear can carry, make, and break normal load currents in the same way as a switch does. It also has to clear the fault current, which requires the use of detecting devices such as current transformers, potential
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transformers, and other types of relays, depending on the application. There must also be provisions for metering, control, and data, with a plethora of devices being employed to achieve the switching function. Switchgear is made up of devices that switch and protect, such as switches, fuses, isolators, circuit breakers, protective relays, control panels, lightning arrestors, current transformers, potential transformers, auto reclosures, and other related equipment. The global LV and MV switchgear markets are expected to grow rapidly in the future years. The construction and industrial sectors will be expanded to drive the market: demand for LV and MV switchgears is being fueled by distribution in the power, real estate, industrial infrastructure, construction, and utilities sectors, and safety measures in electrical transmission will be taken to meet rising demand. The emergence of smart grid technology will be used to benefit the market: the advent of smart grid technology, together with the rapid trend of electrification in developing nations, is likely to drive the global LV market.
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Cover Story
Control Panels & Switchgear
Switchgear Equipment's Evolution
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and break circuits without needing to be replaced, it has a wider range of applications than a fuse.
Switchgear equipment is primarily concerned with switching and interrupting currents under normal and abnormal operating Essential Features of Switchgear situations. The simplest type of switchgear is a tumbler switch Complete dependability: The requirement for reliable with an ordinary fuse, which was used to regulate and safeguard switchgear has become increasingly important as the trend lights and other equipment in homes, workplaces, and other of interconnection and the capacity of generating stations places.For higher-rated circuits, a high-rupturing capacity continues. This is understandable given that it was added to (H.R.C.) fuse in combination with a switch may be used to the power system to improve reliability. They must operate to control and safeguard the circuit. However, for two reasons, isolate the faulty segment from the remainder circuit when a such switchgear cannot be employed profitably on a high fault develops on any part of the power system. voltage system (33 kV). Operation that is quick: When a malfunction develops in Firstly, when a fuse blows, it takes some time to replace it any component of the electrical system, the switchgear must and consequently, there is an interruption of service to the respond rapidly to prevent short-circuit currents from damaging customers. generators, transformers, and other equipment. Second, the fuse is incapable of interrupting huge fault currents If the issue is not resolved soon, it is likely to propagate to caused by failures in the high voltage system. healthy sections, putting the system's shutdown at risk. Lines and other equipment operate at high voltages and carry Manual control is possible: Manual control must be available big currents as the power system evolves. When a system on switchgear. In the event that the electrical (or electronics) short circuit develops, a large current running through the control fails, the appropriate operation can be performed equipment can cause significant damage. manually. Automatic circuit breakers (or simply circuit breakers) are Switchgear Equipment employed to interrupt such high fault currents. A circuit breaker Switchgear is a broad term that refers to a variety of devices that is a type of switch that can open or close an electrical circuit switch and interrupt currents in both normal and pathological in both normal and abnormal circumstances. A circuit breaker situations. Switches, fuses, circuit breakers, relays, current may be advantageous even when a fuse is sufficient in terms transformers, and other components are included. of breaking capacity. Because a circuit breaker may both close
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Control Panels & Switchgear
Cover Story
Switches A switch is a gadget that allows you to easily open or close an electrical circuit. It can be utilised in both full- and no-load situations, however it cannot interrupt fault currents. When a switch's contacts are opened, an arc forms in the air between the contacts. This is especially true for high-voltage and high-current-capacity circuits. Fuses: A fuse is a small length of wire or thin strip that melts when an excessive amount of current is sent through it for an extended period of time. It is connected to the circuit to be protected in series. When there is a short circuit or an overload, the current flowing through the fuse element exceeds its rated capacity. As a result of the increased temperature, the fuse element melts (or blows out), disconnecting the circuit it protects.Breakers (Circuit Breakers) Circuit Breaker: A circuit breaker is a piece of equipment that may open or close a circuit in any state, including no load, full load, and fault. It is built in such a way that it can be operated manually (or remotely) in normal circumstances and
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automatically in fault situations. A relay circuit with a circuit breaker is utilised for the latter operation. Protective Relays: Protective relays are essential components of switchgear. A relay is a device that senses a fault and sends information to the circuit breaker to interrupt the circuit. When a failure occurs in the power system, a protective relay sends a signal to circuit breakers to disconnect the power system's elements. When a fault occurs, the relay contacts close and the circuit breaker's trip coil is energised, opening the circuit breaker's contacts. In the previous two decades, relaying technology has advanced at a breakneck pace. The most significant breakthrough has been owing to the development of numerical relays, which has been aided by the introduction of computer technology.
Switchgear Industry The global switchgear (SG) market is expected to grow over time as demand rises as a result of new consumption centres and the development of various renewable energy sources. The Government of India has been concentrating on improving ||www.electricalmirror.net||
equipment against transient over-voltages, switching impulses, and lightning impulses, as well as very fast transient over-voltages to some extent. Historically, surge suppressors were spark gaps with air insulation. In the past, lightning arrestors, surge capacitors, surge suppressing reactors, and series-gap thyrite resistors were utilised for this purpose. The metal oxide-based (ZnO) type and the C-R type of surge arrestors/ suppressors are the two most often utilised types of surge arrestors/ suppressors as a result of innovation in this field.
SEBs, and there has been a significant increase in infrastructure for rural electrification, resulting in a demand for more SGs. The Indian industry is improving its capabilities to R&D new creative goods, helping the worldwide SG market to reach $ 140 billion by 2024. Government instructions exist at various levels to replace outmoded redundant systems in industrial organisations in order to achieve operational safety and security.
Isolator / Disconnect Switch: Disconnectors (Isolators) are off-load devices that provide isolation of main plant items for repair or to isolate faulty equipment from other live equipment. Disconnectors with air insulation or open terminals are available in a variety of configurations for various purposes. Single break kinds are common at lower voltages, with 'rocker' or single end rotating post types being the most common.
Latest Trends in the Industry
According to current trends, there is a desire for compact, small, light-weight equipment that is of good quality, reliable, low-maintenance, and easy to use. Among today's top industry Instrument Tranformers: In switchgear systems, instrument participants, there has been a clear shift toward updated transformers (current transformers and voltage transformers) technology. In terms of product design, manufacturing, and are used to measure electrical characteristics for protection and testing facilities, Indian businesses are becoming increasingly metering. A current transformer is an instrument transformer competitive. The electrical machinery business makes some of in which the secondary current is largely proportionate to the the largest R&D investments in India's corporate sector. Today's primary current and differs in phase by nearly zero degrees manufacturers, such as Rajiv Group, recognise the value of (CT). A voltage transformer (VT) is an instrument transformer a diverse product offering. New and improved versions of in which the secondary voltage is nearly proportionate to the products have been introduced onto the market as a result main voltage and is phased differently by around zero degrees. of increased industry competition and continually changing Surge Arrestor: Surge Suppressors or arrestors also known consumer needs. To upgrade capabilities, many players are as Surge Arrestors, are critical components of switchgear forming strategic partnerships and partnering with technology and substation systems. These are used to protect substation providers. ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Sectionalisers and auto-reclosures: Auto reclosures and sectionalisers are used in medium voltage switchgear distribution networks up to 33 kV class. These devices are useful for restoring power to a system quickly and automatically after a temporary malfunction. The flaws could be caused by frequent lightning strikes, as well as regions where electricity lines pass through densely forested areas. Because of their significant advantages over conventional switchgear, these types of equipment are widely employed on the continents of America and Australia.
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Control Panels & Switchgear
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This industry desires and will adopt IoT connected devices that are communication and data logging compatible in the future. Although most utilities provide communication at the MV and HT levels, industry today need connectivity at the ultimate distribution level for proper monitoring and energy conservation. Furthermore, as more smart houses become available, we should expect to see a greater emphasis on high-end, tech-savvy electrical systems on all levels. There is clearly a tendency toward energy saving in last-line equipment and even in SG devices. LV and MV SGs are also showing a demand for more communication-capable equipment as well as remote monitoring and control. Legrand offers a variety of communication-capable and remote-monitoring SG to meet a variety of needs. Because of the increase in the residential and commercial sectors, LVSG has dominated the total SG market and has the greatest growth rate. Governments are proactively investing in urbanisation and rural development, as well as the renewal of existing T&Dn/ws, to expand the LV&MV SG market. In recent years, the power sector has experienced substantial expansion. Over the last five years, generation capacity has expanded by about 50%. During this time, T&D n/w has also grown significantly. As a result of this expansion, demand for power system equipment, such as SG, has increased. SG is the second largest segment in the Indian electrical equipment business, according to the
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IEEMA. The Smart Grid (SG) is a collection of devices that monitor, regulate, control, protect, and isolate electrical equipment across the grid.
Industry Outlook India is emerging as a prominent market for SG within the global SG landscape as a result of these changes on the consumption side. India has developed dramatically in recent years, owing to the global market's increasing tendency. Thanks to increased investment in infrastructure, telecommunications, and trains. All of the benefits will be directed to this market. Furthermore, as technology evolves from traditional breakers and starters to IoT-enabled smart communication linked breakers and starters, total buying behaviour and revenue are increasing dramatically. Now, load parameters are changing, such as the usage of LED lighting and higher-efficiency motors, necessitating the evolution of SGs to keep up with these changes. Increasing SG demand through replacing existing energy devices and equipment, as well as the SG linked with them. In India, the SG industry is well-established and continues to flourish. According to the IEEMA, SG accounts for nearly 18 percent of the overall electrical equipment industry in the country (LV 12.8 percent, MV&HV 5.3 percent). It is the second-largest, after cables (41 percent ). On a quarterby-quarter basis, growth in the MV&HV SG segment was on the decline. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Smart Metres & Smart Grids
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Smart Metres and Smart Grids: Advantage and Purpose A smart grid is an intelligent power grid that uses information and communication technologies to maximise the generation, distribution, and consumption of electricity on the grid. Smart grids, in essence, bring significant changes to the information systems that power them: new information flows from the electricity grid, new players such as decentralised renewable energy producers, new uses such as electric vehicles and connected homes, and new communication equipment such as smart meters, sensors, and remote control points.
and functions.
By introducing a bi-directional flow of information from utilities to consumers and vice versa, the smart grid concept increases the efficiency of electricity usage. The adoption of Advanced Metering Infrastructure could make this possible. The information about a consumer's electricity use is captured in real-time, and this data is gathered and analysed by a "smart metre" installed at the consumer's home. AMI is used to convey the analysed data to utilities. The advanced communication system, which comprises home area networks, neighborhood area One of the most significant components networks, and wide area networks, in the smart grid is the smart metre. is included in the AMI. The smart metre is a sophisticated Energy is now regarded a geopolitical, energy metre that collects data from economic, and strategic resource, end users' load devices, measures rather than just a natural resource. the customers' energy consumption, The globe is also waking up to the fact and then sends additional data to that unregulated energy usage has the utility company and/or system negative environmental consequences. operator. A smart metre employs a With this backdrop, organisations in number of sensors and control devices, the Energy & Utilities sector are facing as well as a specialised communication significant problems in keeping up infrastructure. This document discusses with the intricacies and challenges some of the smart meter's features of the industry.
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Smart Metres & Smart Grids
Industry Focus
Advantages of Smart Metres One of the most significant advantages of smart metres is that they have a good impact on the environment. Saving energy is now a practise available to every stakeholder in the energy industry because to various technologies such as big data analytics, IoT, and, in particular, smart metres.
the data on power use to better understand and analyse the performance of renewables in the energy industry, as well as develop data-driven conservation programmes.
Smart Metres Safety In terms of security, the switch to smart metres helps both For Consumers: Smart metres assist consumers in revising energy providers and consumers. their particular power use habits, promoting prudent and Anomalies should be detected, smart metres and IoT solutions responsible consumer behaviour. enable advanced energy management systems to offer Utilities: Utility companies design various tariffs, including homeowners with not just consumption data, but also to pricing incentives to encourage energy conservation, based monitor loads and detect any anomalies in the operation of electric equipment. This function aids in the prevention on data on energy usage. Producers of energy: Energy firms utilise data from several of local outages and enhances fire safety. sources, such as changing consumer demand, load, weather, and so on, to develop predictions and improve energy output. It aids in reducing waste and increasing the proportion of clean energy in total energy supply.
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Environmentalists: Researchers and environmentalists can use
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In the system, there is a balanced load. The usefulness of smart metering data for energy suppliers was already discussed in the benefits section. Energy companies construct incentive tariffs to unload the system during peak demand ||www.electricalmirror.net||
Many governments throughout the globe are promoting the adoption of smart grids because of its ability to regulate and mitigate global warming, as well as emergency resilience and energy independence situations. Smart grid technology is an advanced kind of analogue technology that uses two-way communication to govern the use of appliances. The widespread availability of Internet connectivity in most houses, on the other hand, has made the smart grid more viable to adopt. Ordinary users, operators, and automated devices can swiftly adapt to changes in smart grid condition systems thanks to smart grid devices that send information in a way that allows them to respond to changes in smart grid condition systems.
Disruption of power supply is a fairly regular problem these times and avert possible blackouts by combining data on days, with any breakdown in feeder or main distribution lines consumer demand and system load. resulting in a full blackout, putting the entire system out When used in conjunction with smart metres, IoT energy of commission and halting industry operations. Smart grid storage solutions enable houses to become more resilient systems, on the other hand, have the potential to safeguard and go entirely off-grid in the event of local energy supply the system on the spot by addressing crises since they can issues. Modern storage systems give homeowners complete automatically reroute power in the event of a fault current. control over their storage resources, as well as the ability Smart Grids not only provide a link between customers and to manage vital equipment and stored energy. utilities, but they also allow users to manage their power use in the same way that we manage our online banking Smart Grids A smart grid is an electrical network built on digital accounts from anywhere at any time. technology that uses two-way digital communication to What is the purpose of a Smart Grid? deliver electricity to users. This system enables for supply The Smart Grid represents a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to chain monitoring, analysis, control, and communication in usher in a new age of energy industry reliability, availability, order to enhance efficiency, lower energy consumption and and efficiency that will benefit both our economic and costs, and increase the energy supply chain's transparency and environmental well-being. Testing, technical advancements, dependability. The smart grid was created with the goal of customer education, the creation of standards and regulations, employing smart net metres to overcome the shortcomings and information exchange amongst projects will be crucial of traditional electrical networks. during the transition phase to ensure that the Smart Grid ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Enterprises, retail stores, hospitals, colleges, and global businesses all benefit from smart grid. For measuring power use at all sites, the complete smart grid system is automated. Grid architecture is often used in conjunction with energy management software to estimate energy use and costs for a given business. Electricity prices generally rise in tandem with demand. Smart grid energy management systems aim to limit consumption during high-cost, peak-demand times by providing users with information about current consumption and energy pricing.
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Industry Focus
environment. And it's a method to boost our energy system's A blackout, for example, might cause a ripple effect, national security by relying on more homegrown electricity resulting in a sequence of failures that can impair banking, that's more resilient to natural catastrophes and assault. communications, transportation, and security. This is Putting Customers in Charge especially dangerous during the winter, when households The Smart Grid is about providing you with the information may be without heat. Our electric power system will become and tools you need to make informed decisions about your more resilient as a result of a smarter grid, and it will energy consumption. Consider how you may control your be better equipped to deal with crises like severe storms, electricity if you currently handle your personal banking from earthquakes, big solar flares, and terrorist attacks. The Smart your home computer. A smarter grid will allow consumers Grid's two-way interactive capability will enable automated to participate at a never-before-seen degree. You won't rerouting when equipment malfunctions or outages occur. have to wait for your monthly bill to find out how much This will reduce outages and their consequences when they power you consume, for example. You can get a clear and do occur. When a power loss occurs, Smart Grid technology timely view of it using a smarter grid. You'll be able to will identify and isolate the outages, allowing them to be see how much power you use, when you use it, and how contained before they become widespread blackouts. much it costs thanks to "smart metres" and other methods.
Smart Metres & Smart Grids
benefits we foresee become a reality.
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Furthermore, the Smart Grid will make better use of customerowned power generators to provide power when utilities are unavailable. A community's health facility, police agency, traffic lights, phone system, and grocery store might all remain operational during an emergency by integrating these "distributed generation" resources. Furthermore, the Smart Grid is a means of dealing with an outdated energy infrastructure that requires upgrading or replacement. It's a means of addressing energy efficiency and raising consumer awareness of the link between power consumption and the
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When combined with real-time pricing, you'll be able to save money by using less electricity when it's most expensive. While the Smart Grid's potential benefits are typically discussed in terms of economics, national security, and renewable energy goals, the Smart Grid also has the potential to help you save money by assisting you in managing your electricity use and determining the best times to purchase electricity. You may save even more money by producing your own electricity.
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BATTERY INTERNAL RESISTANCE TESTER KM 930 FEATURES ● Use for Battery Internal Resistance Measurement, Battery Voltage Measurement, Temperature Measurement ● Resistance range : 0.000mΩ～3Ω ● Voltage Measuring range : 0.000V ~ 70V ● Temperature Measuring range : -10.0°C ~ 60.0°C ● USB interface : With micro USB interface ● Bluetooth connection ● Hold & Store Function ● Measurement Judgment Function ● Insulation Resistance : Above 20MΩ (500V Between circuit and case ) ● Safety regulations IEC 61010
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FEATURES — The Battery Quality Analyzer is designed for measuring the internal resistance, open- circuit voltage, and terminal temperature of secondary batteries, including Lead Storage Cells (Lead - Acid batteries), nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. — AC four-terminal method to measure the internal resistance by eliminating lead resistance and contact resistance to get the accurate results. — Multiple display to show the internal resistance, voltage and temperature or voltage, current and temperature of the battery simultaneously. — It has 99 sets of composite comparator function, which can be set at resistance and voltage values to get the reliable detection of battery deterioration. — Pin type lead, which can easily contact the battery electrodes supplied as standard to get more accurate 4-terminal measurement. — Clamp adaptor for DC current or AC current measurements.
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Smart Metres & Smart Grids
Industry Focus
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Developing and Putting the Smart Grid to the Test Millions of components and parts—controls, computers, electrical lines, and new technologies and equipment— will make up the Smart Grid. Before it can be completely operational, all of the technologies must be refined, equipment installed, and systems tested. And it won't happen all at once—the Smart Grid will develop over the next decade or two, piece by piece. When fully developed, the Smart Grid will most certainly bring the same level of change to the way we live, work, play, and learn as the Internet has already brought. A grid that heals itself Even the most sophisticated system of sensors and controls would not be able to prevent electrical wires from being blown down by strong winds. In the case of distribution system failure, a genuinely smart grid might at the very least be self-correcting and self-optimizing. Three key goals would be pursued by that restricted self-healing capabilities. The most basic would be constant monitoring and response. Electrical characteristics like as voltage and current would be monitored numerous times per second by sensors such as phasor measuring units (PMUs) and sent to control room operators. The data would be time-stamped, geo-located, and transmitted at subsecond
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intervals, allowing the grid to "tune" itself to an ideal condition at all times. Anticipation would be the second aim. The automatic system would be on the lookout for minor issues, such as an overheated transformer, that might lead to major disruptions. Computers would analyse the potential repercussions, discover and evaluate a variety of remedial steps, and provide the best options to human operators. According to GlobalData, a prominent data and analytics organisation, smart grid-enabled technologies such as smart metering, demand response, and vehicle-to-grid are seeing massive traction internationally. Several nations, notably the United States, China, and France, have developed policies and begun programmes to further smart grid development. India and Thailand are among the developing countries conducting pilot programmes to establish and reinforce the policy framework for smart grids. Car-to-Grid (V2G) infrastructure expansion is being aided by the rapid construction of electric vehicle charging stations in various nations. Smart grid technology is being developed in a number of nations because it provides various benefits, including more transparency and control over power usage, improved system dependability, and lower electricity pricing. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Substation Automation
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Different Types of Substations and Substation Automation substations. Substations are being built in various areas based on the availability of various resources, however these locations may not be near to load centres. The load centre may handle the real power utilisation. As a result, power transmission from the substation to load centre sites is critical. As a result, this function necessitates the For home and commercial use of high-capacity, long-distance distribution, a step-up transformer transmission networks. increases the voltage while lowering Power is generated reasonably the current, and a step-down efficiently at low voltage levels; yet, transformer reduces the voltage supplying power at high voltage while raising the current. The term levels is less costly. A number "substation" dates back to the days of switching and transformation when the distribution system was stations must be built between organised into a grid. Substations the producing station and the were once connected to only one client ends in order to maintain power station, which contained the high and low voltage levels. These generator, and were considered two stations are commonly referred to as electrical substations. subsidiary of that power station. The need for electrical power is Different Types of Electrical increasing quickly at the moment, Substation and power producing substations Step Up Substation: This sort of can meet it. Thermal, atomic, and substation receives its power from hydro-electric power producing a nearby power plant. It makes use substations are examples of of a big power transformer to boost distinct types of power generating the voltage level for transmission An electrical substation is a station within an electricity generating, transmission, and distribution system that uses transformers to change voltage from high to low or vice versa. Between the producing plant and the customer, electric power may pass through multiple substations and be adjusted in voltage in several steps.
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Industry Feature
Substations for Underground Distribution: Substation installation in urban areas necessitates a substantial amount of space, yet most cities lack the necessary space. To solve this problem, burying the substation reduces the amount of space required, allowing the surface area to be utilised for other purposes such as buildings, retail malls, and so on. The fundamental idea behind an underground substation is to provide the finest conventional substation while saving System Substation: A system station is a substation that space above ground. handles a large quantity of power transmission throughout Switchyard: The switchyard serves as a link between the station. These stations just provide no power transformers, transmission and generating, allowing for equal voltage whilst others also provide voltage exchange. Typically, these to be maintained. The main goal is to deliver the generated stations provide end-points for transmission lines that energy from the power plant to a neighbouring transmission originate from switchyards, as well as electrical energy for line or power grid at a specific voltage level. circuits that power transformer stations. They're crucial for Substation 11kV: The main objective of the 11kv substation long-term consistency. These stations are vital services that is to collect high-voltage energy from the generating station, are both expensive to create and maintain. then lower the voltage to a reasonable level for local
Substation Automation
to far-flung sites. A transmission bus to transmission lines can be used to transmit electricity in this substation. This substation may potentially cause a disruption in the incoming electricity to the generating facility. The received electricity can be used to deliver power to the plant's operating machinery. Circuit breakers for switch generation, as well as transmission circuits in and out of operation, are included in a substation.
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The substation for Customers: This sort of substation serves as the primary power source for a single commercial client. The business case, as well as technical needs, are heavily influenced by client requirements.
distribution and offer switching facilities. The isolator, lightning arrester, step-down transformer, CT metering, circuit breaker, and capacitor bank are all part of this substation.
Substations of the Distribution Type: Substations of the
Substation 220 kV: The 220kVA substation is the power
distribution type are located where main voltage distributions are stepped down to deliver voltages to customers via a distribution network. Any two phases will have a voltage of 400 volts, and any phase will have a voltage of 230 volts.
capacity of the step-down transformer in the substation, and it represents the maximum apparent power that a step-down transformer can give. This substation's received voltage level will be 220kV.
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Substation Automation
Industry Feature
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Substation 132 kV: The 132kV rating refers to the primary
Open systems: An open system is a computer system that
voltage of the step-down transformer, which is 132kV. These transformers are typically used at transmission substations where the voltage must be stepped down for increased distribution. Substation Automation in a Nutshell There are five stages of substation integration and automation. The power system equipment, such as transformers and circuit breakers, is at the lowest level. IED implementation, IED integration, and substation automation applications are the middle three tiers. In their substations, all electric companies have installed IEDs. The incorporation of IEDs is now the emphasis. After that, the attention will move to which automation applications should be installed at the substation. The utility enterprise is the highest level, and from the substation to the utility enterprise, there are many functional data pathways.
incorporates supplier-independent standards, allowing software to run on a variety of platforms and interact with other programmes on both local and distant systems. An open system is a method of developing a substation control system that relies on nonproprietary, open software and hardware interfaces. Future updates available from various providers at reduced costs can be implemented with relative simplicity and little risk using open systems.
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Functional Data Paths in Architecture: Operational data
to supervisory control and data acquisition systems, non-operational data to data warehouse, and remote access to IED are the three key functional data channels from the substation to the utility organisation. The most frequent data method is to send operational data (e.g., volts, amps) every 2 to 4 seconds to the utility's supervisory control and data acquisitionsystem. The utility's dispatchers need this ||www.electricalmirror.net||
circumstances. This enables substation operations workers to take prompt action as necessary to improve equipment dependability and longevity. This method is most commonly used on substation transformers and high-voltage electric supply circuit breakers to reduce maintenance costs, increase availability, and extend the usable life of these components. Functional Architecture of a Substation Integration and Automation System: Data Concentrator, SCADA interface,
information to monitor and regulate the electricity system. The transmission of non-operational data to the utility's data warehouse is the most difficult data channel.
and Router are three functional data channels from the substation to the utility enterprise, as well as the SCADA system and the data warehouse, in the functional architecture. The operational data flow to the SCADA system employs the SCADA system's current communication protocol. The non-operational data path to the data warehouse transports IED non-operational data from the substation automation (SA) system to the data warehouse, either via a data warehouse application pulling data from the SA system or via a data warehouse application pushing data from the SA system to the data warehouse based on an event trigger or time. A dial-in telephone or a network link is used for remote access to the substation. Technical Issues with Substation Integration and Automation System Responsibilities: The system must communicate with all of the substation's IEDs. Polling the IEDs for readings and event alerts is part of this. All IED data must be delivered to the utility organisation to populate the data warehouse or sent to a suitable place for substation data storage. Users and the data warehouse send data and control requests to the system, which it processes. By offering a generic interface to the IEDs, the system must segregate supplier proprietary functionality. In other words, regardless of the IED provider, there should be an uniform interface. The system should be upgraded to include a report-by-exception approach, in which status-point and analog-point changes are only reported when they exceed their substantial deadband.
New Substations vs. Existing Substations: The design of new substations offers the benefit of beginning from scratch. The new substation will normally include several IEDs for various tasks, and these IEDs will provide the majority of operating data for the SCADA system. Digital two-way communications will be connected with the IEDs. In most modern substations, there are no traditional remote terminal System Architecture: The sorts of data and control that the units (RTUs). IEDs, PLCs, and a digital communications-based system is anticipated to provide are determined by the integration network are used to handle RTU functionality. IEDs and devices that make up the system. This has to Equipment Condition Monitoring (ECM): This is a technique be handled substation by substation. The most important used by many electric utilities to keep their equipment in condition is that the analogue measurements be taken in good working order while reducing the frequency of outages. a fashion that accurately represents their values.
ECM automatically tracks equipment-operating parameters Level 1 Field Devices: Each electronic device (relay, metre, to detect the appearance of different abnormal operating PLC, and so on) contains internal memory that can store ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Substation Automation
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any or all of the following data: analogue values, status changes, sequence of events, and power quality. These data are usually kept in a FIFO (first in, first out) queue and vary in terms of the amount of events, etc. Level 2 Substation Data Concentrator: At data collection rates
All critical actions may be completed with just a few displays if the display hierarchy is well-designed. It's vital to reduce, if not eliminate, the necessity for typing. For all displays, a consistent appearance and feel should be developed. On graphical displays, a library of standard symbols should be utilised to depict substation power apparatus. In reality, this library should be developed and utilised in all substations, and it should be coordinated with other utility systems like the distribution SCADA system, energy management system, geographic information system (GIS), trouble call management system, and so on.
compatible with the utility's SCADA system, the substation data concentrator shall query each device (both electronic and non-electronic) for analogue values and status changes (e.g., status points every 2 sec, tie-line and generator analogues every 2 sec, and remaining analogue values every 2 to 10 sec). A local database should be maintained by the substation data concentrator. Data Warehouse: The corporate data warehouse allows users to access substation data while keeping the management Level 3 SCADA System/Data Warehouse: Through a communication link from the data concentrator, all data and operation functions of the substation behind a necessary for operational purposes should be transferred to firewall. The data warehouse requires both operational the SCADA system. All data necessary for non-operational and non-operational data. To determine the size of the purposes should be transmitted to the data warehouse data warehouse, the utility must first determine who the through a data concentrator communication connection. users of the substation automation system data are, the To enable a mainframe or client-server architecture of nature of their application, the type of data required, the data interchange between the system and corporate users frequency with which the data is required, and the frequency through the corporate WAN, a data warehouse is required with which each user's data must be updated. (wide area network). This design gives users with up-to-date information and eliminates the need for users to wait for access to the system via a single line of communication, such as a telephone dial-up modem.
Protocol Fundamentals: A communication protocol allows
two devices to communicate with each other. The same protocol (and version) must be implemented on all devices. Communication errors will occur if there are any protocol User Interface: To enable successful usage of the system discrepancies. Devices from various vendors must be able to with minimal misunderstanding, the user interface in the interact (interoperate) using an industry-standard protocol substation must be designed in an understandable manner. in the substation integration and automation architecture. EM 54
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C
ase Study of the Month
Er. P.K.Pattanaik, is presently working with OPTCL as General Manager, EHT (O&M) Circle Bhubaneswar - Odisha and associated with the Protection and Control schemes of Electrical systems. Having 29 years of technical experience on various HT and EHT voltage level in the field of transmission sector. Specialization on the development technoeconomical design of protection control schemes for system development and planning. At present involved with various on-going projects on GIS, SAS and updated Remote SCADA control stations of OPTCL. Published 105 technical papers in National and International arena and is a regular contributor to the National journals like Electrical Mirror, Electrical India, CBIP journal and IEEMA journal and author of many technical books. Also Awarded in various arena on National level. He is also the coordinator of a Nationwide Power Engineers’ Technical Group named “SPARK- Ignited to share” consisting of Senior Electrical Engineers from different parts of the country. ele.pkpattanaik@optcl.co.in
1. Introduction: For the last few months, the response of the readers to the case studies on various incidents is overwhelming. Hence this month we are again choosing the write up on similar kind of studies for developing the synchronization of practical observation to the theoretical concepts. The analysis of each incident being supported by actual observations had been described during the situation to add awareness amongst the operation, testing and commissioning engineers to know the cause of problems and be helpful for easy rectification of the problems. This can also help to develop economic schemes for the smooth running of the operation and control system in the Grid Sub-Station. 2.1. Damage of Porcelain Disc Insulator: In a typical 220KV EHT Line, it was observed with damage of porcelain disc insulator.
VARIOUS CASE STUDIES ON OPERATION AND CONTROL SCHEMES FOR GRID SUB-STATION Contd…
Fig 2.1.1.a. Damaged insulator string
Observations
1. During patrolling by line inspecting team, it was found with damage of suspension string insulator at two different places. (Ref Fig 2.1.1.a and Fig 2.1.1.b)
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Fig 2.1.1.b. Damaged insulator string
2. The intermittent discs were found damaged instead of starting or end disc.
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4. The tripping got reduced. 2.2. 33KV LIVE TANK CT Failure: At one of the 132/33KV station, it was found failure of 33KV LIVE TANK 2 Nos during the drizzle rain.
Observations:
1. These 33 KV CTs were fixed on the GANTRY MOUNTED BEAM near the Power Transformer of 63 MVA 132/33KV. 2. These CTs were of LIVE TANK with double groove PAD Clamp and provided with insulator stack on the body of the top tank. (Ref Fig 2.2.1.a) 3. On removal of the Top Cover, it was found with burning of the LIVE CONDUCTOR and insulation provided as like shown in the fig 2.2.2. 4. The connecting links were also found with U face instead of round hole for the connection to the studs. (As like Shown in Fig 2.2.1).
Technical Analysis
1. From the above observations, the cause of failure of the insulator discs are due to lightening effect across the discs. 2. During the case of Back Flashover and then with front flashover, the weak discs are supposed to be suffered with damage if minor cracks remain in the disc. 3. The lightening phenomenon could be explained below. a. Suppose lightning strikes on the tower point, then surge current should have to discharge immediately to ground through TFR (Tower footing resistance) without developing any voltage rise on the tower structure. b. But in the event of higher TFR and dis-continuity of earth wire etc... certain voltage is developed on the tower, more than the per phase voltage of the in service line conductor. So, it was observed with voltage across the insulator strings. c. If the potential difference becomes more that the BIL of the string, flashover results across the discs from Tower point to Line Conductor (Called BACK FLASH). So the surrounding air medium gets ionize, causing a conducting path across the insulator string. Now FRONT FLASH OVER does occur from line conductor to Tower cross arm. This time the line trips actuating the relay at sub-station. 4. Because of Two times flashover (BACK FLASH and then FRONT FLASH), the weak insulator disc may fail.
Rectification and action Taken
1. The Tower footing resistance was improvised by adding extra earth pit on the towers of the affected zone. 2. The combined TFR was measured and found within limit. 3. All earth terminal connection at the Tower top point was tightened regarding the connection of earth link. ||www.electricalmirror.net||
Fig 2.2.1.a CT with Insulator stack
Fig 2.2.1.b CT with Double groove Pad Clamp
Fig 2.2.2 Burning of Internal insulation
5. Both the fail CTs were investigated and found with similar nature of failure with oozing of the oil, burning of the internal insulation etc...
Technical Analysis:
1. The detail TANK design was investigated and found with some lacunae. a. This CT was having primary links with external studs in connection. b. Each Stud has insulator stack to separate direct touch from the main tank. c. Each link has U face groove instead of round hole, that has less contact surface. d. The final stud for connection of Double Groove Pad clamp and connecting jumper is not that strong to accept the tension of the conductors. 2. Moreover, the pattern of Double conductor connection with its supporting was putting tension on the pad clamp. 3. As CTR is of 1200-600-300/1 with multi ratio CT has more hardware connection due to primary link control. 4. Because of these above issues, the insulator stacks (As shown in white colour) used to suffer with certain stress and results with minor shrink and leakage of oil. 5. As these CTs are top Beam mounted, sometimes the physical inspection is neglected by the grid personnel. If left unattended, then leaking of oil may attract entry of || June 2022 ||
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3. On inquiry it was found that these strings are of very old of 30years of installation. But the failure was found only for particular zone of the line. 4. This particular zone was investigated properly, regarding the availability of Tower footing Resistance. 5. The TFR value was also measured and found with higher value and at some cases value was 90 Ohm and above. 6. The earth wire of the Tower was also checked and found with all intact, with few points only having single point earth strip on the tower tip. 7. The tripping of the line during the last monsoon session was verified and found with 8 times of tripping with 6 times AR (Auto Reclosed) and two times with Ph-Ph fault. 8. For the case of each AR, the line had been patrolled each time, but line in charges had reported of no abnormality. This information might not have been reported correctly by the team.
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Case Study
moisture into the tank with subsequent deterioration of oil condition. 6. Especially during the drizzle rain, entry of water shall be developing failure of the CT with burning of the internal insulation as like shown in the figure.
Case Study
Solutions:
1. Matter was taken up with OEM regarding the design of the CT. 2. The CT was asked with single desired ratio of 1200/1 only with no CT Links. 3. The Insulator stacks were changed with better type. 4. The links are provided with Round Hole for proper gripping. 5. The Conductors were double supported to avoid extra tension to the final studs. 6. The problems were rectified. 2.3. Case of OPENING of Primary Link for CT: One 33 KV feeder was tripping on E/F relay frequently for the load current more than approximately 45 Amp. Line CTR = 200/1, Setting of E/F PSM= 0.1
Steps attempted
Load current was restricted to 30 amperes for measurement of secondary current in the Back up core. The currents are measured and tabulated as in the following Table-2.3
The carbonized opening between the link C6 and P2, due to loose contact and sparking, has developed an erroneous CTR. For correct connection of links, the CTR is 200/1 with equivalent resistance (R ohm). But opening of one link as shown in fig-A has resulted the rise of equivalent resistance (1.5 R ohm) Since I12R1 = I22R2 2002 x R = I22 1.5R and I2 = 163.3 So, new ratio becomes 163.3/1 instead of 200/1. The CT link was replaced by a new one. 2.4. Case of BLOWING OUT of Fuse of Breaker Control Circuit: At one Sub-Station it was found with blowing out of fuses (used for Closing + Trip Coil -2) of a 220 KV Breaker Control Circuit Analysis: Blowing out of any fuse is the indication of higher current flow on the fuse circuit than that of its rated value. This situation may result due to the following conditions. 1. Reduction of the impedance/resistance path of the operating coil circuit. 2. DC earth leakage and development of higher voltage across the operating system. 3. Earthing/ touching to body during DC earth leakage condition.
Observations: -
B ph. C51
153
O.K
E/F C71
38
Doubt?
C11+ C31
172
Doubt?
1. This observation was found both in the LOCAL and REMOTE Closing of the breaker. 2. Even on Hand tripping condition also. 3. Sparking of auxiliary contacts (63 AGX and 47TX) relays on breaker cubicle for testing of individual tripping of the breaker pole, while testing of pole discrepancies. 4. The pole discrepancy circuit seems to be incomplete as observed.
Rectifications:
Table-2.3 Phase / Wire No.
Current in m Amp.
Remarks
R ph. C11
184
Doubt?
Y ph. C31
151
O.K
C31+ C51
152
O.K
C11+ C51
176
Doubt?
Conclusion of the readings
From the readings of Back-up core as described in the table, it got concluded that “R” phase CT is associated with wrong CTR, may be due to saturation of core or wrong primary connection. The detail secondary circuit of R phase was checked and found O.K. But on physical verification it was found with the carbonized opening of one link on Primary side of the CT (Ref. Fig 2.3)
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Detail analysis
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1. The cables used for the remote closing and tripping of the breaker was checked and found in order. 2. While checking the LOCAL TNC switch, the fault was detected and the same was replaced by a good one and both LOCAL and REMOTE closing were checked and found OK. 3. Tripping operation at Local was checked by removal of the cable used for remote operation and found in order. 4. While checking the hand tripping from remote end the following defects were again observed. a. Auxiliary contact used for Y Phase Post Supervision purpose found burnt (63AGX) for trip coil-2 b. TSR of this Y phase was also found defective c. Remote TNC switch TRIP contact also found defective 5. Rectification of point (a): - Another parallel relay was ||www.electricalmirror.net||
replaced and NO contact was used for the supervision purpose. 6. Rectification of point (b): - Another relay was replaced from spare feeder. 7. Rectification of point (c): - Another spare contact was replaced. All the operation was checked again the Pole discrepancy on R Phase contact circuit was found defective and new contact and circuit was modified. 2.5. Frequent tripping of 400 KV Transmission Line: One of the 400 KV line was tripping on Rph-E fault with zone 1 indication at one end of the line and Zone2 on the other.
g. h.
Action Taken:
1. The line was patrolled thoroughly at each point. 2. As per the distance measured by the Distance Relay, the fault was searched at each cut point of the line. 3. But each time nothing was noticed remarkable. 4. So each time, the line was getting energized and loaded successfully. But tripping was occurring intermittently, especially during the wind flow time. 5. Now the faults and corresponding disturbance records from the relay were downloaded for detail study.
Observations:
On observation from the DR (Disturbance Record), it was found the followings a. Each time the similar kind of fault i.e Rph-Ground was resulting. b. The fault current was of approximately 4KA to 5 KA. c. The Zone indication was of Zone-1 at one end and Zone-2 at the other. d. The type of fault and fault current was same at the other end. e. On the observation of the indications, it was decided that the fault may be due to reduction of Rphase to earth clearance. As R phase conductor was on the TOP of the tower, the nearby earth conductor could be its structure (Cross arm) or the earth wire. f. The cross arm structure is being isolated by the use of Insulator stacks. So the crack and development of leakage path on the stack could be the reason of fault occurrence.
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i. j.
But if it would have the case, then the insulator stacks could have been damaged resulting the total failure of the line. Moreover, for each time the line is not tripping immediately just after closure. Line closure and load flow of required amount around 335MW was also occurring. So the apprehension of the crack of the insulator stack of this string was overruled. Then the clearance of top earth wire (OPGW cable) with this R phase was concentrated as the cause of the occurrence. So the total span from one end was thoroughly patrolled and found with SAG of this wire at one position and damage of few strands of the top R Phase Conductor. But this distance is less than that of the declared distance by the relay. The shutdown was availed and the top OPGW cable clearance and damage of the conductor was attended for correction of the fault.
Analysis: -
The reason of less distance calculation as obtained from the DR by the DP relay was analyzed. In actual condition the occurrence of the fault and distance calculation is done on the basis of REACTANCE calculation of the line conductor. But the availability of ARCHING RESISTANCE during the time of fault, disturbs the value of the reactance of the line and consequent upon which the distance calculation becomes different than that of the actual. In this case due to SAG on the line, during the wind flow, the clearance was becoming still lesser and the moment was occurring for which the ARCHING was resulting with flow of fault current and outage of the line at both ends as per the reactance measurement (Actual + Arching value). Hence the declaration of the value is becoming more than that of the actual. But in the DP relay such calculation setting as per the distance with consideration of arching are generally decided by certain empirical formulae and experience with back calculation from the observance. NOTE: - It may be noted that for the repeated case of conditional fault occurrence like TOP Phase-Earth fault, and successful charging thereafter, the COMMON Earth Conductor and its positioning has to be checked before searching for total line or actual distance as per the declaration by the DP relay. EM
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Capacitors
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The capacitor segment has seen relatively good growth Introduction Power factor correction is the method to reduce the lagging power factor in inductive loads by fixing a high value capacitor across the phase and neutral close to the load. When the Voltage and Current are in phase with each other in an AC circuit, the energy from the source is fully converted into another form to drive the load and in this case power factor is in unity. When the power factor drops, the system becomes less efficient. As a rule a drop from unity to 0.9 in the power factor increases the current requirement to 15% or more. A power factor of 0.7% increases the power requirement to around 40%. This is much severe in the case of inductive loads such as Motors, Refrigerators and Inverters etc. In these inductive loads, current “lags” the voltage leading to “lagging power factor”. But opposite condition occurs if current “leads” the voltage. This is called “leading power factor”. Power factor correction is the method to reduce the lagging power factor in inductive loads by fixing a high
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value capacitor across the phase and neutral close to the load. These capacitors have leading power factor so that it will neutralize the lagging power factor of the load. Power factor correction has the following advantages: 1. Load becomes more efficient 2. Prevents wastage of energy though heat 3. Maintains voltage stability Being a cheaper product when compared to other components, and with the increasing need for energy efficiency, the demand for capacitors is rising rapidly. According to an Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers’ Association (IEEMA) report, the Indian capacitor market registered a growth of 17.3 per cent during the first quarter of FY 2018-2019. Despite the wide application of capacitors, the Indian capacitor industry has very few manufacturers in the organised sector. One of the major concerns in the recent past has been the rising cost of materials, coupled with the falling market price for the finished product. Prices of
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imported capacitors are lower when compared to what is available in the domestic market. Although the capacitor segment has seen relatively good growth, year on year, the actual volume of capacitors necessary to bring down the transmission and distribution losses is much below the required level. However, manufacturers are always on the lookout for new materials or variants of older materials that can be incorporated into passive components. Here’s a quick look at what’s new in the capacitor industry and the latest trends being followed globally. Current global trends Demand for ultra-capacitors: Experts believe that electrochemical double layered super capacitors (EDLC), also known as ultra-capacitors, will be in demand through the current year. Ultra-capacitors offer a very efficient, high energy solution, with high performance across a wide range of temperatures and a long lifespan with little to no maintenance. “Worldwide, efforts are being made to improve EDLCs for their high energy density. These innovative capacitors are used in transportation, grid scale energy storage, wind turbines, server memory, consumer electronics applications, etc,” shares SK Jain, managing director, Sumitron Exports Pvt. Ltd. Higher capacitance value: According to A Bali, vice president, Deki Electronics Ltd, the current trend is towards smaller sizes in the high frequency environment along with the use of high capacitance value items. “A large capacitance means that more charge can be stored. Electrolytic capacitors are capable of providing the highest capacitance values of any type of capacitor. There are two types of electrolytic capacitors in common use—aluminium and tantalum,” he adds. Low equivalent series resistance: Moving along with the current trend towards lower voltage and higher current circuits, designers are now specifying capacitors with minimal ESR. Higher levels of functionality in today’s designs mean that despite the fall in voltage levels, circuit power levels should not drop. In simple words, a lower voltage means higher current levels. Thus, there is an increased demand on the power management circuit to deliver energy during periods of high current. Therefore, capacitors or capacitor banks that are used in the power management circuit need to exhibit low ESR characteristics. Multiple SMT electrolytic capacitors: With surface mount technology (SMT) picking up fast, capacitors for surface mount devices (SMD) are used in vast quantities. There are different types of SMD capacitors, ranging from the
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ceramic variety to the tantalum and electrolytic type. SMT low ESR type electrolytic capacitors are more in demand as they offer a combined solution of high capacitance, to supply energy during high speed load stepping, and low ESR to reduce the output filter ripple (noise) voltage. Where liquid electrolytic capacitors offer high values of capacitance and low ESR that tends to be lower in cost, solid electrolytic capacitors feature reduced ESR, very high ripple current ratings and reduced size at a higher cost. Miniaturisation of capacitors: Miniaturisation is another new trend that is catching on. Miniaturisation of multi-layer ceramic chip capacitors has not only brought about reductions in product sizes, but also contributes to the efficient use of resources and saves energy in manufacturing, secondary materials, transport and customer processes. It has allowed customers to reduce storage space by about 80 per cent. Multi-layer ceramic capacitors: Increased adoption among design engineers across many industries has pushed multilayer ceramic capacitors into the mainstream in the past few years. Certain variants have even replaced tantalum type of capacitors. Faced with the miniaturisation trend, manufacturers are keen to develop smaller yet more efficient products. Shares Aloysius Ang, field application engineer, Murata Electronics (India) Pvt Ltd, “Multi-layer ceramic capacitors of 0201 size are going to be in the mainstream, led by demand from mobile phones and other portable markets. These capacitors are now being used in netbooks, e-book readers, gaming devices and other touch panel applications.” Global technological innovations Technological advancements are taking place worldwide to make capacitors more efficient. For the fast supply of electrical energy, SuperCaps are being used. A SuperCap combines the advantage of conventional capacitors as fast suppliers of electricity with that of batteries as notable energy reservoirs. These capacitors take advantage of the charge stored in the electrochemical double layer and provide extremely high capacities of more than 1000 Farads. Explains C Satish, managing director, Filcon Electronics Pvt Ltd, “SuperCap modules are developed as a replacement to conventional batteries in a large number of applications. Their energy density is typically hundreds of times greater than conventional electrolytic capacitors. They also have a much higher power density than batteries or fuel cells.” Harmonics flow to capacitors causes overloading and possibly even premature failure in the production line. There is ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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R&D efforts are geared towards improving the electrical characteristics covering capacity density per unit volume, frequency response, DC bias voltage and loss coefficient. Increasing the reliability of capacitors is also a priority, especially among suppliers targeting automotive and industrial applications that demand rigorous operating attributes both in the temperature range and in voltage. Where does India stand? Despite its shortcomings, the Indian capacitor market— unlike the world capacitor market—is expected to grow by 10 to 15 per cent, annually. Domestic manufacturing lags far behind demand, as a result of which India has to import almost 60-65 per cent of its requirements for capacitors from China, who is the world leader in capacitor manufacturing and a small quantity comes from Taiwan, Korea and Japan. While the manufacturing sector in India needs a big fillip, it is important for manufacturers to follow the many new trends that have emerged in the global markets. India needs to attract more investment in this sector. “India needs to adopt a two-prong action plan—one is to increase R&D efforts to match international quality, and the second is to increase production volumes to meet the demand at lower prices,” shares S K Jain. Adding to this, C Satish feels, “For India to compete with the global players, it is essential that domestic manufacturers pay more attention to price and quality. This can only happen by automating production lines and moving ahead with volume production.” A major concern in the recent past has been increasing input material costs coupled with increasing price levels. According to Vikram Desai, managing director, Desai Electronics Pvt Ltd, “Worldwide DC plastic films capacitor market is expected
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also a risk of resonance with any of the harmonics present in the system. In such a case, it can damage not only the capacitor but also other equipment in the line. It is, therefore, important to provide properly designed harmonics filters after carrying out an analysis of proper harmonics with different load conditions, eliminating the possibility of resonance, checking transformer fault levels, impedances, etc. Thus, these filters block the harmonics and improve the power factor. Moving ahead in innovation, Deki has been in the forefront of introducing new products into the Indian market. Informs a Bali, “Lighting being the main area of focus, Deki introduced its PES series and patented polyester self-healing (PSH) series. PES is a unique six film design, which helps to achieve better minimum breakdown with similar or smaller sized capacitors. PSH is yet another unique patented design that has an inductive construction with self-healing properties.” A wide variety of materials with dielectric properties that enhance energy density, frequency response, equivalent series resistance (ESR), equivalent series inductance (ESL) and temperature range are registering huge growth. EIA Class 2 dielectrics are being used in various temperatures and tolerance ranges, allowing manufacturers to produce capacitors for particular purposes. Multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) are an excellent example of such passive components that have enjoyed robust growth, through the use of a wide variety of dielectric materials and by making improvements in device design. There are many engineered dielectric materials that have been used in MLCC devices, which allow an array of devices to be built to meet specific design requirements.
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to be flat or may even shrink by 5 per cent over next 5 years, provided the world economy does not shrink further. The demand for plastic film capacitors has now flattened out with deliveries matching the demand. The availability of raw material, especially metallised films, has improved with shortening of delivery times. There is a pressure to increase the prices, in light of the devaluation of the rupee.” There has been an upward trend in the Indian prices due to low volume production and increased manufacturing input costs. Hence, major EMS companies in India are generally procuring capacitors from foreign suppliers through their Indian distributors. However, when it comes to quality, domestic companies are doing far better than various other leading countries. Adds A Bali, “Today, cheap film capacitors are flooding the country but the discerning purchaser knows that buying from a domestic player is a much better option, even if the price is 10 to 15 per cent more as there is the assurance of quality, flexibility and service.” India not only has the manufacturing capability but it also has global technology available within the country. “But electronics manufacturers are not using the latest capacitors—the capacitor sizes being used in India were in vogue 10 years ago. Indian manufacturers are still commonly using capacitor sizes of 0603, 0805, etc, which are usually more costly. Local manufacturers should speed up the progress to MLCC usage downsizing into 0402 size or smaller,” informs Aloysius Ang. India’s power sector is growing at a healthy rate and with the increase in the megawatts of electricity generated capacitors play a very important role in improving power utilisation. It is well known that India’s transmission and distribution losses are very high. Indian manufacturers must invest in the latest technology to cut these losses and meet the rising demand for capacitors in the country. What’s on offer in India? Desai Electronics Pvt Ltd is among the leading manufacturers of plastic film capacitors. Its product range covers interference suppression—Class X2 with UL approval and Y2 capacitors, plain (inductive and non-inductive) and metallised (polyester and polypropylene) capacitors. Informs Vikram Desai, “Although the worldwide market for plastic film capacitors would remain flat, the sale of plastic film capacitors in India has increased owing to the demand from the lighting industry (CFL and LED).” The application areas for plastic film capacitors constitute lighting (CFL and ballast), fan regulators and dimmers, energy meters, automobiles, instrumentation,
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LED lamps and drivers, power electronics, telecom, etc. Sumitron Exports Pvt Ltd, a major distributor of capacitors, is a supplier for NIC Components Corporation. NIC in association with Nippon Industries Co Ltd is a designer, manufacturer and worldwide supplier of passive components. NIC offers 175 product series which include aluminium and tantalum E-caps, ceramic capacitors, DC film capacitors, thick and thin film resistive products and a growing line of power inductors, chip inductors and ferrite chip beads. “As technological upgradation is happening on the high energy density front, with low ESR that remains stable over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies, we have to offer technologically advanced capacitors; we are able to do this through our principal, NIC,” adds SK Jain. Moving with the trend, Sumitron offers all types of technologically advanced ESR capacitors including film capacitors, tantalums, aluminium electrolytic capacitors, solid polymer aluminium electrolytic capacitors and multi-layer ceramic chip capacitors. Filcon Electronics Pvt. Ltd. is yet another key player in this segment. The company manufactures metallised polyester, metallised polypropylene and polypropylene film and foils capacitors of high stability and close tolerance. It also offers mixed dielectric capacitors for railway signalling and defence applications in round and box-type variants. “The capacitors manufactured by us have various applications including wave-traps and diesel locomotives. We have automatic lines for winding and testing; hence, our products meet international standards, with assured in-time delivery and competitive prices,” informs C Satish. Deki Electronics Ltd, one of the largest manufacturers of DC plastic film capacitors, has been highly focused on developing new products and has filed a patent for one such product. Its wide range of capacitors include the Ultima range of safe fan regulator capacitors, mixed dielectric capacitor plain polypropylene and plain polyester film (PEP) capacitors for high stability and switching in CFL ballasts; polyester extra strength (PES) capacitors which give better minimum breakdown voltage in reduced sizes, and inductive self-healing capacitors. With over 20 years’ experience, Power Palazzo Pvt Ltd has been supplying high quality active and passive components for the electronics and semiconductor industry. The company offers a complete range of superior quality electrolytic capacitors under the brand name Aishi to satisfy various customer needs by continually investing in R&D and manufacturing facilities. ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Murata Electronics Singapore (Pte) Ltd, a subsidiary of Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd, Japan, one of the largest MLCC manufacturer in the world, offers wide range of capacitor line-up in both low and high voltage that include consumer grade and automotive grade MLCC. It also manufactures disc lead type capacitors, aluminium polymer capacitors and EDLC. Says Aloysium Ang, “Murata offers high capacitance value (above 1µF) capacitors from 4-50 V, which can be used at a maximum temperature of 85°C. The miniaturisation and large capacitance of these capacitors makes them ideal for the decoupling and smoothing applications of mobile devices.” India making super capacitors for strategic use India has developed super capacitors using indigenous materials for strategic use in defence and space sectors as an import substitute and to overcome energy deficiencies in critical equipment, a senior official said. "We have developed super capacitors of different voltage for specific use in defence and space equipment as they store more energy than ordinary capacitors and discharge faster than batteries," Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) director Arun Sachdeva told IANS here. The state-run C-MET, under the department of electronics and information technology, (DeitY) has developed the super capacitors under a pilot project at its Thrissur laboratory in Kerala and given them for trials to state-run defence and space agencies in the country as a power source for diverse applications. "Once we complete testing in trials and standardise them for strategic use, we will transfer the technology to the private sector for volume production under our supervision, as they can also be used for industrial and consumer needs," Sachdeva said at electronics’ summit here recently. As super capacitors use electrostatic double-layer capacitance instead of the conventional solid dielectric of ordinary capacitors, they are used in applications that require rapid charge or discharge rather than long-term compact energy storage. "Besides defence equipment like battle tanks, radar-mounted vehicles and artillery guns, super capacitors can be used in space applications like satellites and launchers, as energy supply is critical for their operations," Sachdeva asserted. Super capacitors or ultra capacitors are also used in high-end cars, luxury buses, high-speed trains, heavy-lifting cranes and speedy elevators in tall skyscrapers as regenerative
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braking, short-term energy storage. As an autonomous scientific society, C-MET is mandated to attain self-sufficiency in electronic materials, components and devices for catering to the country's strategic and industrial applications with indigenous resources. "There is a huge market potential for super capacitors in the country as they can store 10-100 times more energy per unit than electrolytic capacitors and bridge the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries, Sachdeva noted. The centre, which has two more labs at Hyderabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra, had invested around Rs.2 crore-Rs.5 crore ($295,000-$738,000) to set up the facility for developing super capacitors of different voltage per unit volume or mass. "In the absence of a fab (fabrication plant) to make silicon wafers, we have to import them in the form of chips for making super capacitors, using graphene-based electrodes with raw materials like carbon aerogel," Sachdeva admitted. As storage device with fast charging ability, superior low temperature performance, long service, cycle life and reliability, super capacitors have the potential to replace traditional batteries and capacitors in a wide range of electronic applications for defence, space, automotive and renewable energy. According to a joint market study by the New Delhi-based Electronics Industries Association of India (Elcina) in partnership with the Mumbai-based multi-country market research firm IMRB, the super capacitor market worldwide is estimated to reach $8.3 billion by 2025, growing at 30 percent over the next 10 years. "Super capacitor technology has not yet been commercialised in India and is not yet common in use due to high costs initially and low-energy density. Only C-MET is working on indigenous production of carbon aerogel-based super capacitors," Elcina president Vikram Desai told IANS on the margins of 'Electronics India Week', a three-day summit held here last week. When super capacitors are developed for use across industrial and consumer verticals and produced in volumes, they will become affordable by its makers and end-users spanning transportation, wind energy, solar energy, consumer electronics and strategic sectors like defence and space. The total addressable market for super capacitors in India is 1.3 billion units by 2020. In defence applications, the ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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market size is projected to be Rs.20 crore-Rs.50 crore over the next four years. Tata Motors has been testing super capacitors for hybrid electrical vehicles, while three private firms - Spel and Chheda Electrical at Pune and Aartech Solonics at Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh are involved in developing them in the private sector. What’s on offer in India? Desai Electronics Pvt Ltd is among the leading manufacturers of plastic film capacitors. Its product range covers interference suppression—Class X2 with UL approval and Y2 capacitors, plain (inductive and non-inductive) and metallised (polyester and polypropylene) capacitors. Informs Vikram Desai, “Although the worldwide market for plastic film capacitors would remain flat, the sale of plastic film capacitors in India has increased owing to the demand from the lighting industry (CFL and LED).” The application areas for plastic film capacitors constitute lighting (CFL and ballast), fan regulators and dimmers, energy meters, automobiles, instrumentation, LED lamps and drivers, power electronics, telecom, etc. Sumitron Exports Pvt Ltd, a major distributor of capacitors, is a supplier for NIC Components Corporation. NIC in association with Nippon Industries Co Ltd is a designer, manufacturer and worldwide supplier of passive components. NIC offers 175 product series which include aluminium and tantalum E-caps, ceramic capacitors, DC film capacitors, thick and thin film resistive products and a growing line of power inductors, chip inductors and ferrite chip beads. “As technological upgradation is happening on the high energy density front, with low ESR that remains stable over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies, we have to offer technologically advanced capacitors; we are able to
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do this through our principal, NIC,” adds SK Jain. Moving with the trend, Sumitron offers all types of technologically advanced ESR capacitors including film capacitors, tantalums, aluminium electrolytic capacitors, solid polymer aluminium electrolytic capacitors and multi-layer ceramic chip capacitors. Filcon Electronics Pvt Ltd is yet another key player in this segment. The companies manufactures metallised polyester, metallised polypropylene and polypropylene film and foil capacitors of high stability and close tolerance. It also offers mixed dielectric capacitors for railway signalling and defence applications in round and box-type variants. “The capacitors manufactured by us have various applications including wave-traps and diesel locomotives. We have automatic lines for winding and testing; hence, our products meet international standards, with assured in-time delivery and competitive prices,” informs C Satish. Deki Electronics Ltd, one of the largest manufacturers of DC plastic film capacitors, has been highly focused on developing new products and has filed a patent for one such product. Its wide range of capacitors include the Ultima range of safe fan regulator capacitors, mixed dielectric capacitor plain polypropylene and plain polyester film (PEP) capacitors for high stability and switching in CFL ballasts; polyester extra strength (PES) capacitors which give better minimum breakdown voltage in reduced sizes, and inductive self-healing capacitors. With over 20 years’ experience, Power Palazzo Pvt Ltd has been supplying high quality active and passive components for the electronics and semiconductor industry. The company offers a complete range of superior quality electrolytic capacitors under the brand name Aishi to satisfy various customer needs by continually investing in R&D and manufacturing facilities. Murata Electronics Singapore (Pte) Ltd, a subsidiary of Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd, Japan, one of the largest MLCC manufacturer in the world, offers wide range of capacitor line-up in both low and high voltage that include consumer grade and automotive grade MLCC. It also manufactures disc lead type capacitors, aluminium polymer capacitors and EDLC. Says Aloysium Ang, “Murata offers high capacitance value (above 1µF) capacitors from 4-50 V, which can be used at a maximum temperature of 85°C. The miniaturisation and large capacitance of these capacitors makes them ideal for the decoupling and smoothing applications of mobile devices.” EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Thermal Imaging and Cameras: Usage and Advantages The greatest thermal-imaging cameras give you a whole new perspective on the world. This is because they let you to reliably view, measure, and capture temperature variations from a safe distance. There is an invisible universe of heat radiation beyond the visible spectrum. Aside from artistic infrared film images, these instruments – also called as infrared thermal imagers – have typically been reserved for military and professional budgets. The phrase "electrical thermography" refers to the usage of thermal imaging cameras in the electrical sector. Electrical equipment is now at the heart of production and is critical to every corporate function. Businesses like factories and power plants might be slowed down if their electrical equipment fails. Faulty electrical equipment has also been known to create fires, which can cause significant structural damage and put people's lives in danger. Thermal cameras may be used to detect any power outages or electrical machinery failures. Regular thermal surveys can be carried out with thermal cameras as part of electrical equipment maintenance. Thermal or infrared (IR) cameras operate by translating outgoing radiation levels into a two-dimensional image that highlights contrasting energy
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levels. Typically, electrical problems will show a spike in temperature, which is used to diagnose most electrical defects. Thermal cameras provide a number of benefits for detecting electrical defects, including the fact that they are rapid and non-contact, which means that the equipment may continue to operate while the thermal survey is being conducted. The thermal photos will show the present state of the equipment as well as the temperature distribution. In order to analyse the thermal picture produced by the thermal camera, the person doing the thermal survey on the electrical equipment should have some understanding of infrared or physics and have had some training on camera operation. Originally developed for military use during the Korean War, thermal imaging cameras have migrated into other fields and have found many uses. Firefighters use them to see through smoke, find people and localize hotspots of fires. Law enforcement uses the technology to manage surveillance activities, locate and apprehend suspects, investigate crime scenes and conduct search and rescue operations. Power line maintenance technicians locate overheating joints and parts to eliminate potential failures. Where thermal insulation
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becomes faulty, building construction technicians can see heat leaks to improve the efficiencies of cooling or heating. Physiological activities, such as fever, in human beings and other warm-blooded animals can also be monitored with thermo graphic imaging. They are also common tools used by home inspectors.
Thermal Camera
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• We can spot any potential defects early by monitoring temperatures and thermal patterns as part of a preventative maintenance check. The tests actively decrease risk and eventually save our clients time and money in the long run by discovering flaws before they arise, therefore thermal imaging is an important element of these plans. • It's apparent how crucial these routine inspections are, but did you know that certain firms are forced to conduct thermography testing to fulfil their insurance company's requirements? If thermal imaging tests are scheduled, we recommend speaking with your insurance broker to learn how your premium may be affected or reduced. • The fact that thermography is a non-destructive defect testing tool is one of its many advantages. This implies that the tests won't disrupt the power supply and may be done while the equipment is operating normally. As a consequence, there will be no downtime for your organisation while preventative maintenance checks are
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Using a Thermal Imager To use, a competent technician or electrician points the thermal imager towards the problem equipment and scans the surrounding area for hot spots. The imager creates a live image of the heat radiated by the equipment and records a thermal image with a brief push of the trigger. When the inspection is over, the technician may save the photos to a computer, smartphone, or tablet computer for further analysis, reporting, and trends in the future. Although the imagers are simple to operate, they are most effective when used by a competent technician who is familiar with electrical measurement and the equipment under inspection. The following three elements are particularly crucial. The first point is loading To detect faults with a thermal imager, the electrical equipment being inspected must be at or above 40% nominal load. If at all practicable, maximum load conditions should be used. The second point is about safety Personal protection equipment is required when standing in front of an open, live electrical panel (PPE). This might include the following, depending on the scenario and the incident energy level (bolted fault current) of the equipment being scanned: • • • •
flame-resistant clothing leather-over-rubber gloves leather work boots arc-flash-rated face shield, hard hat, and hearing protection or a full flash suit
Emissivity is the third point to consider The ability of an item to emit infrared radiation, or heat, is referred to as emissivity. This has an impact on how effectively a thermal imager can precisely determine the surface temperature of an item. Infrared radiation is emitted in a variety of ways by various materials. Every item and substance has an emissivity value that ranges from 0 to 1.0. The higher the emissivity, the better for thermal imagers to report accurate temperatures. Objects with a high emissivity produce a lot of heat and are typically not highly reflected. Low emissivity materials do not emit heat energy well and are generally rather reflective. If you're not careful, this might lead to misunderstanding and inaccurate analysis. A thermal imager can only properly determine an object's surface temperature if the material's || June 2022 ||
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WHERE OTHER MATERIALS FAIL, EARTHING SPECIALISTS RELY UPON MARCONITE
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Thermal Camera
emissivity is reasonably high or the imager's emissivity level is set near to the object's emissivity. The emissivity of most painted items is around 0.90–0.98. Emissivities are also high in ceramic, rubber, and most electrical tape and conductor insulation. However, aluminum buses, as well as copper and some types of stainless steel, are highly reflective. The good news is that most electrical inspection thermal imaging is a comparison, or qualitative, procedure. Precise temperature measurement is rarely required. Instead, seek a location that is hotter than equivalent equipment under unanticipated load levels.
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Where to use Thermal Imaging Electrical system troubleshooting: Check for hot areas if you're having breaker troubles or load performance concerns. Take another thermal scan once you've finished your fixes. The hot area you initially saw should have vanished if the repair was completed. It's vital to remember that not all electrical hotspots are caused by faulty wiring. It's best to have a competent electrician do the thermal scan or be there while it's being done for a proper diagnosis. When troubleshooting, there are a few things to look at. Unbalance in three phases: All electrical panels and other high-load connection points, such as drives, disconnects, and controllers, should be thermally imaged. Wherever you find greater temperatures, follow that circuit and look at the branches and loads that are connected to it. Check for temperature variations by comparing all three electrical phases side by side. A circuit or leg that is colder
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than usual might indicate a faulty component. Warmer phases will emerge if they are strongly loaded. It's possible that hot conductors are inadequate or overloaded. An imbalanced load, an overload, a poor connection, and harmonics, on the other hand, can all produce a similar pattern, thus electrical or power quality measures should be used to detect the problem. Wiring and connections: Under similar loads, look for connections that have higher temperatures than other similar connections. They may suggest a corroded, loose, or overtightened connection with higher resistance. Connectionrelated hot spots are normally hottest near the point of resistance, although not always, and cool as you move away from it. The current is diverted away from the high-resistance connection in some situations, resulting in a chilly component. Broken or undersized wires, as well as poor insulation, may be discovered. Fuses: On a thermal scan, if a fuse seems hot, it may be at or near its current capacity. However, not all issues are fiery. A blown fuse, for example, results in a temperature that is lower than normal. Centers for motor control: Open each compartment and measure the relative temperatures of essential components such as bus bars, controllers, starters, contactors, relays, fuses, breakers, disconnects, feeders, and transformers to assess a motor control centre under load. Incorporate the instructions for evaluating connections and fuses, as well as diagnosing phase imbalance, that were previously discussed. Measure the load at the time of each scan, so that you can properly evaluate
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your measurements against normal operating conditions. Transformers: Use a thermal imager to inspect high- and low-voltage external bushing connections, cooling tubes, cooling fans and pumps, as well as the surfaces of important transformers, for oil-filled transformers. (Dry transformer coil temperatures are so much higher than ambient that thermal imaging is difficult to spot abnormalities.) Incorporate the linkages and imbalances recommendations. The cooling tubes should be warm to the touch. Oil flow is likely to be hindered if one or more tubes are relatively chilly. Keep in mind that, like an electric motor, a transformer has a minimum working temperature (usually 40°C) that signifies the maximum permitted temperature rise over ambient.
What to Look for When Purchasing a Thermal Imaging Camera? A thermal imaging camera's quality and cost are determined by a variety of factors. The detector resolution and heat sensitivity are the two most essential elements. The number of pixels in a detector is described by its resolution. 160 x 120, 320 x 240, and 640 x 480 pixels are the most frequent resolutions. A 76,800-pixel picture is produced by a 320 x 240 detector. There are 76,800 temperature data points since each pixel has a temperature associated with it. Images with higher resolutions are also noticeably crisper. The camera's thermal sensitivity refers to the smallest temperature change it can detect. With a sensitivity of 0.05°, the camera can tell the difference between two surfaces using just light. The temperature range of the thermal imaging camera is another crucial thing to consider. The range specifies the
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minimum and highest temperatures that the camera can detect (typically, -4°F to 2200°F). Most cameras may be adjusted to acquire the optimal thermal picture for analysis in four ways: focus, emissivity setting changes, reflective temperature setting changes, and thermal tuning. When choosing a thermal imaging camera, each of these factors must be taken into account. The lens of a thermal imaging camera, like that of a regular camera, must be focussed to improve image clarity. The lens of most cameras can be twisted to focus them. More sophisticated cameras have a push-button focus. When both are at the same temperature, emissivity is the amount of radiation released by an item in comparison to a perfect emitter of radiation. When obtaining temperature readings or comparing the temperatures of two distinct objects, adjusting the emissivity is critical. Not all cameras enable the user to enter the temperature of the reflected surface. The reflective temperature option allows the user to correct for the temperature of the surrounding items reflected on the object. Reflective temperature, like emissivity, is crucial for obtaining temperature readings or comparing the temperatures of two things. Not all cameras enable the user to enter the temperature of the reflected surface. While in manual viewing mode, thermal tuning the camera entails altering the width or temperature range that the camera views. The user may modify the span to a desired range in manual mode, and the camera will always display that temperature range. When used to bring out temperature variations in the thing being examined, the manual mode is optimal. EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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Automation Control System for Digitization of Energy Distribution Networks Whether inside or outside the control cabinet, WAGO Controllers provide automation right where you need it – even under harsh conditions. Engineer, control and visualize your projects even more easily and conveniently with the PFC200 Controllers. Thanks to CODESYSbased runtime environment and real-time-capable Linux® operating system, the PFC200 Controller is the efficient control solution for decentralized automation applications.
What Makes the PFC200 Controller Successful • • • • •
Programming according to IEC 61131-3 Can be combined with high-level languages PLC and IT functions all in one device Multiple interfaces, functions and application areas High cybersecurity standards (SSL, SSH, OpenVPN and firewall) • Runtime system for CODESYS V2 and V3 • Remote access via mobile communications
Fast and Cost-Effective Operation of Machines and Systems
In addition to the well-established CODESYS V2 runtime system, the PFC200 Controller also features the CODESYS V3-based e!RUNTIME system. As such, this controller perfectly supports the transition to CODESYS V3. Using this convenient and simple runtime system along with the integrated web visualization application, you can quickly and efficiently execute even complex automation tasks. 80
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The PFC200 Controller satisfies the requirements of traditional engineering disciplines, such as mechanical engineering, while tackling the toughest technical demands of newer fields including power supply and the on/offshore industries.
Easy Familiarization, Easy Switchover from Other Programming Languages
Incorporating the well-established CODESYS industrial standard makes startup even faster. Besides standardized IEC 61131 programming languages (IL, LL, FBD, ST, FC and CFC), ambitious users can also write their projects in C/C++, PHP or shell scripts. Programs and libraries created in any type of programming language are compatible with CODESYS applications.
Embedded Linux
Embedded Linux is available for users who are ready to take complete control and prefer directly using a lean and secure operating system. This real-time Linux® software provides a wide range of advantages, including the flexibility of using open-source code that adapts the source code to a user's specific needs at any time. In addition to being highly stable, this robust operating system also offers ongoing optimization through the active open-source community, keeping you both current and ready to adapt to what’s next – especially when it comes to security.
Large Memory, Fast Processor and Numerous Communication Interfaces
The features are impressive: Despite its compact size, WAGO programmable logical controller (PLC) carries all the vital interfaces and even includes two RJ-45 and RS-232/RS-485 ports ||www.electricalmirror.net||
Fast Fieldbus Configuration
The CANopen, PROFIBUS DP and MODBUS TCP/UDP/RTU protocols provide a flexible connection to fieldbus systems and external input/output devices. Fieldbus systems can be configured directly in WAGO's easy-to-use e!COCKPIT development environment. The ETHERNET interfaces also support all common protocols such as DHCP, DNS, NTP, FTP and HTTP. A secure connection is provided via SSH, HTTPS and FTPS.
product cycles in production, production must be networked and become more flexible and agile. Software is required to support factories in meeting new production requirements. However, the preparations for development, testing, delivery and distribution are anything but easy, especially on embedded platforms: Installing and configuring the programs is often laborious, which takes time and slows the digital transformation in companies.
Telecontrol Protocols
The PFC200 XTR variants can also be used as telecontrollers. In addition to the IEC 60870-5-101, 103, -104, IEC 61850 and IEC 61400-25 telecontrol protocols, they also support the DNP3 communication standard. Even the interfaces are compelling: The controller is available in two versions with different numbers of communication interfaces – either two ETHERNET connections and an RS-232/RS-485 interface or two ETHERNET connections, RS-232/RS-485, CAN, CANopen and PROFIBUS DP slave interfaces. For more information, email us at marketing.india@wago. com or visit www.wago.com/in/power-engineering EM
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– depending on the version you select. For ultimate in versatility, the ETHERNET interfaces can be configured independently, meaning two separate networks can be configured with the PLC. The two ETHERNET ports can function as an ETHERNET switch to create a line topology. The SD card slot provides additional functionality, such as allowing large image files to be stored on an SD card for Web visualization. The rugged plastic PLC housing accommodates a 600 MHz Cortex A8 processor, flanked by 256 MB RAM for exceptionally fast operating speeds. The large, dynamically distributable 80 MB of program and data memory also provides reserves for complex control tasks.
Interference-Free and Secure Connection via OpenVPN and IPsec
The controller connects to the mobile network via encrypted Virtual Private Network (VPN) access and supports both OpenVPN and IPsec protocols. A VPN tunnel connects the controller to the network via GPRS and transmits all encrypted data via SSL and TLS, perfectly protecting data from unauthorized access. The VPN can also be configured using the Web-Based Management on the controller.
Use Applications More Quickly with Docker
Docker container technology speeds up software development, testing and deployment, since its handling is based on the behavior of apps. WAGO’s line of PFC200 Controllers now makes it possible to exploit these advantages on an embedded platform. In order to be able to react cost-efficiently to ever shorter ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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THERMAL IMAGER DIAGNOSTICS IN POWER INDUSTRY The heating season is now on, so it's time for energy audits. When it's cold outside, the heating system is on duty - and then the spots where the most heat escapes are revealed. This is a perfect moment for assessing thermal isolation performance - and it's best done with the use of a thermal camera. This method eliminates any flaws to be overlooked provided there is free access to the controlled area. It is good if the examined building has been heated for some time, and thus their temperatures are even and stable. Thermal imaging of a new, recently commissioned facility, whose walls may have increased humidity, is most often performed in order to detect various types of defects and leaks arising at the construction stage, and then request the contractor to correct them. However, with regard to the assessment of the thermal insulation of such a building, it is best to wait at least a few months.
switchgear is heavily loaded in winter. The most favorable conditions for thermovision examinations are present from November to February. It is not worth waiting for stronger frosts - these are usually associated with high pressure, strong sunlight and large temperature fluctuations throughout the day. SONEL S.A. introduced a new series of inexpensive, functional thermal imagers, prepared for preventive checks of power networks.
Within electrical networks, thermography is most often used to find overheating elements and preventive checks. An overloaded phase or a damaged device can be detected quickly thanks to thermal radiation. The essence of the inspection is a comparative analysis of the temperatures of similar objects. For this purpose, a relatively simple tool is enough, without overly extensive functions. These are the In addition to construction facilities, thermovision testing of Sonel KT-165, KT-250 and KT-320 cameras. Their parameters electrical switching stations is performed. Such inspections can are optimal for electric components, which allowed to ensure be carried out all year round, preferably during the maximum a reasonable price level. load of the switchgear. For companies or manufacturing When looking for inefficient protection, we don't need to plants which use cooling, the best period is summer. On the know exactly which element is problematic. It's enough to other hand, in case of plants where heating is needed, the know that a particular protection overheats as a whole. That 82
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is why we have adjusted the IR matrix sizes to the needs, keeping prices attractive. We offer cameras with a resolution of 160x120 pixels (KT-165), 256x192 pixels (KT-250) and 320x240 pixels (KT-320). Thanks to them, we can easily identify the overheating part of the transformer, insulator, protection or other element of the network.
in the field - even in strong or low light conditions. The measurement results are saved on the SD card in JPG format. We can easily send them to a computer via USB cable, as well as wirelessly via a Wi-Fi interface. Further and more extensive analysis will be carried out using free software: Sonel ThermoAnalyze 2 for PC or Sonel KT Mobile for mobile devices. The whole system is complemented by a solid and handy housing, as well as low weight, allowing one-handed operation. The lithium-ion battery enables for at least 4 hours of continuous operation.
All mentioned models have a built-in 5 Mpix visible light camera. Thanks to it, we can combine infrared and visible image in several modes, which makes it easier to recognize an overheating element. The range of the measured temperature has also been adapted to the needs of electrical testing and Thanks to the latest technologies and solutions, Sonel KT ranges from -20°C to +350°C. After all, an overheating thermal imagers guarantee flexibility and a full picture of the situation. These devices are ideal tools for both novice insulator will not reach 1700°C. Sonel KT-165, KT-250 and KT-320 cameras have embedded users and professional thermographers. They allow for basic sets, but also necessary tools for image analysis and thorough preventive checks, and the functionality tailored correction/measurement. In order to achieve proper results, to the electrician's needs has allowed a decent price level.
Inspectors increasingly require an actual calibration certificate to perform tests using a thermal imager and make a measurement report. Check your thermal imager. Is it ready for performing inspections? Does it have an actual calibration certificate, which confirms metrological efficiency and constitutes an objective evidence of the correctness of the measurements taken?
For every thermal imagers SONEL S.A. offers an accredited The thermogram is displayed on a clear 3.5-inch screen calibration certificate FOR FREE. EM with adjustable brightness level, which allows you to work
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it's necessary to set the appropriate emissivity factor, distance, relative humidity, and ambient temperature. In this way we are able to determine the minimum or maximum temperature of the tested object. Thanks to the temperature alarm, we can quickly locate all elements whose temperature is higher or lower than the allowable level. It is also possible to choose one of six color palettes - this will facilitate the interpretation of the analyzed images.
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Guest Article
Ramani Mani Founder & Managing Director Modutec Ready Panels Private Limited Bengaluru, India.
Certification – Route to Exports COSMA is the Control Panel & Switchgear Manufacturers’ Association in India. About a month ago, I was given the opportunity, by COSMA, to talk about “Three Steps to Simplify & Scale your Business”. I gave this talk online over 3 consecutive Sundays. All the three videos are on the Modutec Ready Panels YouTube channel. Do check them out, like and share if you found value in them. I mention here, that the 3 foundational pillars for any business are:
• Strategy – magnetic & profitable • Systems – simple & sustainable • Team – committed & competent Today, as I was wondering as to what stops Indian Panel Builders from looking at Exports seriously. It was then that it struck me, that the above 3 Pillars held significance for a Nation like India as well. The Strategy has to be to empower manufacturing where it is most productive, as in India and sell where the value perception is high, which is overseas! And for this the System has to empower Panel Builders to shift gears from thinking short term to medium and long term. The System should not permit a typical “Jugaad” way of selling such safe, reliable & trust based product solutions but bring in a system to authenticate & validate this. Thus the Team too builds. This develops a culture that would enhance Brand India as well! IEC 61439 -1-2, Edition 3 is the latest standard that brings the Switchgear & the Switchboard 84
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manufacturer together, in a kind of joint Type Testing to validate the performance of the complete package over 12 Tests, with conditions attached. Now, what this does is that it builds trust between the Panel Builder the Specifier and the End User. With such a certificate, one can demonstrate that they possess certain knowledge, skills and competences and prove that they meet the specific set of standards or requirements. Accreditation is always awarded by an independent third party, such as a Laboratory or a Certifying Body.
The key benefits of Accreditation are:
1-Improves Electrical Distribution outcomes and mitigates risks. 2-Identifies strengths and gaps in your programs and processes. 3-Promotes communication and staff empowerment across organizations. 4-Fosters a culture of quality and safety. 5-Can decrease risks and liability costs. In Countries like Australia, it is illegal to supply a Panel without the IEC 61439 certificate compliance. Also in sensitive industry and marketplace areas where a failure could have serious consequences, such as negatively affecting the health and welfare of the people or person using that product, Certification empowers. For a layman, Product certification lets you know that a product is safe and reliable. It's a benchmark
for product quality, a guidepost leading you to reliable manufacturers. Reputable companies work to minimize and eliminate risk. Product certification demonstrates their commitment to quality and safety. Certification is typically displayed as a document, stating that as a professional, you've been trained, educated and are prepared to meet a specific set of criteria for your role. Intertek ASTA is recognized globally and ensures that all accredited certification bodies follow the same processes, no matter where the certification body is based. Certifications matter because they validate your knowledge to a degree. Earning a new certification or an advanced certification in a particular area of expertise can help in advancing one’s positioning, visionary approach and exports potential. Just to take the example of two visionary companies, Connectwell & RR Kabel. From small beginnings, both Founders Mr. Vijay Saheta and Mr. Shree Gopal Kabra respectively, will tell you passionately, as to how Certifications were the building blocks on which they built their Company Brand image and consequent profitable growth. So, this appeal goes out to Panel Builders, nationally, “Up your sight, look at the long term, get 3rd party certified, garner trust, differentiation and upgrade your business. Build your brand, scale your business profitably & to wherever people see value in what you offer.” www.modutec.net EM ||www.electricalmirror.net||
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9th EL Asia Expo 2022 ..................................................
25
MultiPower Earthing Solutions Pvt. Ltd. .......................
23
Altanova India Private Limited ...................................
IBC
Neo Tele-Tronix Pvt. Ltd. ...............................................
77
Automation Expo 2022 ..................................................
69
Nextgen Equipments Pvt. Ltd. .......................................
87
EV India 2022 ................................................................
27
OSH India Chennai ........................................................
65
FLIR Systems India Pvt. Ltd. ......................................... IFC
OSH India Mumbai ........................................................
47
Gloster Cables Limited ..................................................
35
Phoenix Contact (India) Pvt. Ltd. ................................. P-03
H D Wire (P) Ltd ..........................................................
13
Renewable Energy India Expo 2022 .............................
75
Hitachi Energy India Ltd. ..............................................
BC
Rohitra India Pvt. Ltd. ..................................................
17
Inter-Tech .......................................................................
73
RR Kabel Limited .......................................................... P-05
IFSEC Expo 2022 ...........................................................
67
Security & Fire Expo India ...........................................
31
JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd. ........................................ P-01
Sonel Instruments India Pvt. Ltd. .................................
90
Kusam Electrical .............................................................
45
The Smarter E India .....................................................
51
Maxwell Scientific Corporation ......................................
39
Vishay Components India Pvt. Ltd. ...............................
11
Modutec Ready Panels Pvt. Ltd. ....................................
15
Wire India Expo 2022 ...................................................
89
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EVENT DIARY 24-26 June 2022
10-11 June 2022
BIEC - Bangalore International Exhibition Centre https://www.elasiaexpo.com/
BIEC - Bangalore International Exhibition Centre https://www.automationindiaexpo.com/
Informa Markets in India (formerly UBM India) is India's leading exhibition organizer, dedicated to help specialist markets and customer communities, domestically and around the world to trade, innovate and grow through exhibitions, digital content & services, and conferences & seminars.
9th ELASIA- 2022 Exhibition will be the podium to compare the best in the world to the best in India. The show will constitute an ideal platform not just for maximum exposure of cutting-edge products & services to key Electrical, Electronics, Lightings & Power sector players and top decision-makers but also for the kind of high-powered face-to- face business meetings and contacts that will take an organisation forward in leaps and strides.
IED Communications Ltd is not only the owner of Industrial Automation monthly, but is also the organiser of India’s biggest and Asia’s 2nd largest exhibition for the automation industry – Automation Expo (www.automationindiaexpo.com). Together with the magazine, the organisation has been in the business of promoting the automation industry in India for over nearly 4 decades now and has played a pivotal role in the evolution of the industry in India, first through the Industrial Automation magazine and later the exhibition.
Every year, we hosts over 25 large scale exhibitions, 40 conferences, along with industry awards and trainings across the country; thereby enabling trade across multiple industry verticals.
7-9 Sept 2022
India Expo Centre, Greater Noida www.evindiaexpo.in
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16-19 Aug 2022
Hitex, Hyderabad www.renewx.in
23-25 Nov 2022 Mumbai, India www.wire-india.com
24-25 Nov 2022
BOMBAY EXHIBITION CENTRE, GOREGAON(E)
https://www.oshindia.com/mumbai/
EV India 2021 Expo is an International Electric Motor Vehicle Show will provides the opportunity and platform to electric vehicle manufacturers to showcase their latest Products , technology and equipment ,Smart and NextGen transport ,electric passengers cars , scooter , motorcycle , cycles , buses etc to meet and network with the trade industry as well as end users with the main aim to find out new business and protection of the environment . EV India Expo is the best public interactive platform for resources sharing, product purchase and brand display for the people and industry.
Wire India aims in bringing the economic development of India to higher summit and its objective has increased the importance of the show in all over the world. The participants are availed with incredible business opportunities which aid the exhibitors to establish their brand and advertise it to the worldwide market. Advanced range of products are demonstrated which has pulled the attention and investment of the foreign delegates as well.
South Asia’s largest occupational safety & health event, OSH India Expo brings together internationally renowned exhibitors, consultants, business experts and key government officials on an industry platform. The show facilitates exchanges of global best practices and seeks solutions for challenges in upholding workplace safety and health. The show witness safety professionals from across India.
1st-3rd December 2022 Pragati Maidan, New Delhi https://www.ifsec.events/india/
7th–9th December, 2022 Gandhinagar, Gujarat
https://www.thesmartere.in/en/intersolar-india
27-29 March, 2023 Pragati Maidan, New Delhi
Over 40 years of experience and innovation, IFSEC Global has become the pre-eminent authority on the global security and fire industry. Its relationship and collaboration with leading industry associations, government bodies, research partners, training providers and education specialists allows UBM to create a series of events and an online community that caters for the entire security and fire buying chain.
Intersolar is the world’s leading exhibition & conference series for the solar industry. As part of this event series, Intersolar India in Gujarat is India’s most pioneering exhibition and conference for India’s solar industry. It takes place annually and has a focus on the areas of photovoltaics, PV production and solar thermal technologies. Since 2019, Intersolar India is held under the umbrella of The smarter E India – India’s innovation hub for the new energy world.
The Smart Cities India expo is a reflection of India’s emerging modernization and development landscape. The expo is the ultimate platform to accelerate nation building, open key discourses on the growth of India’s digital economy and enable entrepreneurship as a driving force for socio-economic development. The event attracts a large turnout of qualified visitors & delegates from government departments as well as private organisations.
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https://www.smartcitiesindia.com/
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