EQ Int'l Magazine by EQ Int'l Solar Media Group

Volume # 7 | Issue # 7 | July-August 2015 |

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July-August 2015

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SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES PV Technology Powers the World INNOVATIONS for PERC, HJT, CIGS, CdTe

SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES provides technology solutions for both crystalline and thin-film high-performance solar cell platforms. Our production equipment improves efficiencies and reduces manufacturing costs. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES is an established machine supplier with customers producing PERC, Heterojunction and CIGS & CdTe solar products. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIESâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; expertise includes vacuum thin-film coating (PECVD, sputtering, evaporation), surface engineering, wet-chemical processes and thermal processing.

PECVD Process

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Boot h No . 5.14 6 Call SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES _ tel: +49-6188-4400 _ mail: sales@singulus.de_ www.singulus.de India: SOLAR TECH GROUP _ Gopal Kapoor _ tel: +91-2266-923-263 _ gopal.kapoor@solartechgroup.com

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CONTEN T

VOLUME 7 Issue # 7

SOLAR ENERGY Looking East Towards The Land Of The Rising Sun: Lessons India Can Learn From China’s Experiences With Rapid Economic Growth RE Target Of 1,75,000 MW Should Be Taken As Mission For Energy Security Of Country - Shri Piyush Goyal

18 08 Adani Group To Set Up Solar Park In TN For Rs 4,536cr

Disclaimer,Limitations of Liability While every efforts has been made to ensure the high quality and accuracy of EQ international and all our authors research articles with the greatest of care and attention ,we make no warranty concerning its content,and the magazine is provided on an>> as is <<basis.EQ international contains advertising and third –party contents.EQ International is not liable for any third- party content or error,omission or inaccuracy in any advertising material ,nor is it responsible for the availability of external web sites or their contents The data and information presented in this magazine is provided for informational purpose only.neither EQ INTERNATINAL ,Its affiliates,Information providers nor content providers shall have any liability for investment decisions based up on or the results obtained from the information provided. Nothing contained in this magazine should be construed as a recommendation to buy or sale any securities. The facts and opinions stated in this magazine do not constitute an offer on the part of EQ International for the sale or purchase of any securities, nor any such offer intended or implied Restriction on use The material in this magazine is protected by international copyright and trademark laws. You may not modify,copy,reproduce,republish,post,transmit,or distribute any part of the magazine in any way.you may only use material for your personall,Non-Commercial use, provided you keep intact all copyright and other proprietary notices.If you want to use material for any non-personel,non commercial purpose,you need written permission from EQ International.

SunEdison Inaugurates 50-Megawatts Of Solar In Central India

ReNew Power Enters Into An Agreement With Hareon Solar , China

SOLAR OFF GRID & ROOFTOP From Sun To Water: Free Power Solution Against Expensive Diesel Pump

07 Exclusive Interview With Dr.Ing. Stefan Rinch, Singulus Technologies

SOLAR ENERGY JinkoSolar Becomes Global Top Financing Brand in PV Industry

Exclusive Interview

With Axel Riethm端ller, Teamtechnik Group

PFC To Set Ball Rolling On Tax-Free Bonds

14 Engie Becomes The French Leader In The Solar Industry By Acquiring A 95% Stake In Solairedirect

20 Exclusive Interview

With Hans Autenrieth, Centrotherm Photovoltaics AG

Energy Storage Enabling Technologies Revenue Is Expected To Total Nearly $75 Billion From 2015 To 2024

C ON TE NT

Cover

July-August 2015

CSUN is a NASDAQ listed world leading manufacturer of solar PV cells and modules, and closely connected to the renowned CEEG group, which has strategic partnership with KME and Dupont. As one of the Tier 1 solar PV module suppliers listed by Bloomberg, CSUN has extensive experience in the photovoltaic industry and is well known for outstanding innovation and product quality, which is underlined by the fabrication of the world record on silicon solar cell with a cell efficiency of 25% by CSUN R&D team. In the past CSUN has supplied renowned European PV module manufacturers with top quality

Eq Business & Financial News 7-19

SOLAR ENERGY 45 Swelect Energy Systems Ltd – 10 MW DCR PROJECT In Musiri Near Trichy 50 10 MW Solar Pv Project By Waaree Energies Limited

BALANCE OF SYSTEM 46 Standardization Of PV Wires And Cables

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 57 Performance Analysis Of Grid Connected Solar Power Projects Commissioned Under Phase – I Of JNNSM For The Period Of January 2014 To December 2014

cells, from 2007 CSUN started PV module supply and realized over 2.4GW shipment by 2014, currently CSUN has expanded its project business and strengthen its activities in financing and realizing photovoltaic system, cost effective solution under grid parity conditions.

SOLAR OFF GRID & ROOFTOP 24 On-Grid Case Study 44 Solar Hybrid Power Plant In India 62 Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co Ltd Successfully Commissioned 50 kWp Roof Top Power Plant

PV MANUFACTURING 42 Dupont™ Solamet® Photovoltaic Metallization Pastes Deliver Record Levels Of Power 52 Analysis Of Potential Induced Degradation Of Thin Film Solar Modules

SOLAR THERMAL 40 Sunoyester Technology

PRODUCTS REPORt 63-76

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

ReNew Power Enters Into An Agreement With Hareon Solar , China one of India’s largest clean energy companies,recently announced it is entering into anagreement with Hareon Solar, one of China’s largest solar energy companies, to develop a solar project of 72 MW capacity in the State of Andhra Pradesh.

“We are very pleased to partner with Hareon Solar in executing this project in Andhra Pradesh. By pairing Hareon’s high efficiency solar modules production with ReNew Power’s extensive experience in executing projects in India, we aim to significantly contribute to meeting India’s rapidly expanding energy requirementsin a sustainable manner.I firmly believe thatin the next decade, nations like India and China willlead the way on solar as the ultimate source of sustainable energy.” He said this while Speaking on the occasion

- Sumant Sinha, Chairman &CEO, ReNew Power ReNew Power today owns clean energy assets of more than 1,000 MW of commissioned and under-construction projects.

It is the first time thatHareon Solar is investing intoa solar project in India.Hareon Solar will also supply and install its crystalline silicon solar modules to this project, whichis being developed in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. The delivery, totaling 234,161 modules, will begin in August 2015 and is scheduled to be completed by December 2015. The generated power will be sold under a 25-year power purchase agreement (PPA)with the Southern Power Distribution Co. of Andhra PradeshLtd. (APSPDCL). The schedule for commissioning the project is March 2016.

Eyeing investments of up to US $200 billion, the Government is looking to more than double the share of renewable sources to over 15 per cent in India’s overall energy basket in about a decade.

We are very excited about our partnership with ReNew Power. This project is an important part of Hareon Solar’s strategic investments in the Indian solar market. We expect the India solar market to grow rapidly in the coming years, and we are committed to supporting India in its transition to clean renewable energy. ”

ReNew Power is aligned to thisvision of nation’s energy security and independence.

- Samuel Yang, Chairman and CEO of Hareon Solar

JinkoSolar Connects 34.56MW High Efficient Eagle Modules in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd. (“JinkoSolar” or the “Company”) (NYSE: JKS), a global leader in the solar PV industry, recently announced that its 34.56MW Eagle PID-FREE modules have been successfully connected in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh. These modules were deployed to three projects in Lalitpur, a district suffering from extreme weather

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conditions, and have proven their phenomenal ability against high temperature and humidity in summer and coldness in winter. In the hottest summer, Lalitpur’s temperature recorded 49°C, and the average relative humidity in rain season goes above 85%, posing a huge challenge to regular solar panels.

Jinko’s high efficient Eagle modules are designed to counter these harsh conditions. As the world’s first PID-FREE modules that have past severe test under the condition of 85°C/85%RH, Eagles are able to perform to the best at anywhere in India, providing a reliable and stable high-efficient power source for businesses and communities.

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

usiness conglomerate Adani Group has proposed to set up a solar park in Tamil Nadu tipped to be among the world’s largest at an outlay of Rs 4,536 crore.State-run TANGEDCO (Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation) and Adani Group signed an agreement recently in the presence of Chief Minster J Jayalalithaa. ”Adani Group has proposed to set up five solar power generation centres with a total capacity of 648 MW in Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu at an investment of Rs 4,536 crore”

- an official statement said

Adani Group To Set Up Solar Park In TN For Rs 4,536cr The Adani Group has signed a power purchase agreement with the Tamil Nadu government to set up a 200-MW solar power plant in Ramanathapuram at an investment of nearly Rs.1,400 crore, according to TANGEDCO officials. The group had been in discussion with the State government to set up a 1,000-MW solar plant in the State.

The power generated from the plant would be purchased at a price of Rs 7.01 per unit by the government.Adani Group MD Rajesh Adani while explaining about the project said it will be one of the world’s largest solar park and will be set up in Kamudhi, Ramanathapuram district. “I am very happy to be here. I hope the project is successful and I hope your partnership with Tamil Nadu will continue”.

- J .Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister TANGEDCO has already inked power purchase agreements with 31 private players to generate 436 MW of solar power.”The signing of MoU between Adani Group and with the other private players will attract investments of Rs 7,588 crore towards generation of 1,084 MW of solar energy in the state”, the statement further said. The Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation Limited (TANTRANSCO) engaged in developing electricity infrastructure, has undertaken a slew of projects including setting up of substations and power corridor at various places with an investment of Rs 691.51 crore, it said.Apart from signing of agreements for the existing projects, 107 private solar power players have registered with the TANDGEDCO for installation of 2,722.50 MW of solar power, of which load study has been undertaken for 1,132 MW.

Jinko Power Signs RMB 3 Billion Line of Credit Agreement with Ping An Bank Jinko Sola r Hol ding Co., Ltd. (“JinkoSolar” or the “Company”) (NYSE: JKS), a global leader in the solar PV industry, today announced that JinkoSolar Power Co., Ltd. (“Jinko Power”), a subsidiary of the Company, has signed a three-year RMB3 billion line of credit agreement with Ping An Bank Co., Ltd. (“PAB”). PAB’s financing will be used to support Jinko Power’s PV project developments. According to the terms of the agreement, the line of credit is RMB3 billion for three years. The first loan of

July-August 2015

RMB630 million has been withdrawn and will be used to support the development of PV solar power plant projects in Inner Mongolia, Guangdong province, and Zhejiang province. “As the PV power market in China continues to mature, we have seen an increasing number of commercial banks, following policy banks, entered solar downstream. As a leading player in the domestic market, JinkoSolar’s leading position and strength has been recognized by a growing number of financial institutions.” Mr. Xiande Li, Chairman of

JinkoSolar, commented, “This agreement, following our banking facility agreements with China Development Bank and China Minsheng Bank, is another credit facility that we have signed with a first-tier bank to finance our downstream projects. We believe this agreement once again reflects the vote of confidence from leading financial institutions in our brand as well as our project development potential. Strong financial support will effectively enhance our sustained development capability, and reinforce our leading position in the domestic PV downstream market.”

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

Energy Storage Enabling Technologies Revenue Is Expected To Total Nearly $75 Billion From 2015 To 2024 A recent report from Navigant Research analyzes the global market for energy storage enabling technologies across four distinct market segments: utilityscale storage, community storage, residential storage, and commercial storage, including global market forecasts through 2024.

“The grid-tied energy storage market is poised to take off, however, pricing remains inconsistent and economies of scale have yet to translate into accessible system costs for the end user. ESSs consist of a core storage technology as well as power conversion systems, software, and controls, and in addition to the hardware and software in an ESS, systems integration expertise is required to deliver a fully intelligent, bankable system to the customer.”

- Anissa Dehamna, principal research analyst with Navigant Research

roadly speaking, the three main components of the ESET value chain are hardware, software, and services, which together ensure the intelligence, durability, and profitability of energy storage systems (ESSs). Now that battery prices have responded to cost pressures, the rest of the balance of plant—or the ESET portion of system cost—is under more pressure to deliver more consistent pricing, which is expected to bring more transparency in overall ESS pricing, allowing the industry to scale further. According to Navigant Research, worldwide ESET revenue is expected to total nearly $75 billion from 2015 to 2024.

Waaree’s Order Book Surpasses 200 MW By The End Of First Quarter Waaree Energies Limited has announced that their order book stands in excess of 200 MW by the end of first quarter of the current financial year. Reputed domestic Developers and EPC companies have chosen Waaree Energies for its products and services. Solar sector is poised for an exponential growth in India and customers are keen to secure their business with established players like Waaree. “India needs economically viable and cleaner energy to keep pace with its growing economy. Our order book numbers demonstrates the faith reposed by the stakeholders on our capabilities. Waaree is geared up to exceed the expectations of our customers and make substantial contribution to India’s solar power growth plans.

- Mr. Arun Krishnan, AVP - National Sales (Modules) He said this while Speaking at the occasion.

July-August 2015

Systems integration services are expected to be the highest value piece of the ESET market, according to the report. Since this segment requires labor, labor prices are expected to buoy this portion of the market, and it is expected systems integration services will become more sophisticated as the market grows and customers become more perceptive, expecting more functionality from ESSs.

Hanwha Q CELLS to Supply 70 MW Solar Module to Adani Group. Hanwha Q CELLS Co., Ltd., a top-10 global photovoltaic manufacturer of high-quality, high-efficiency solar modules, has signed 70 megawatts supply contract with Ramnad Solar Power, a subsidiary of Adani Group of India. The module will be installed at Tamil Nadu province in the southern part of India and construction will commence in October 2015 and is scheduled for a completion by February 2016.”Hanwha Q CELLS is pleased to have partnered with Adani Group, one of India’s major energy companies” said Mr. M.Y. Kim, Sr. Vice President of Hanwha Q CELLS in India. Mr. Kim also added “Solar has received increased support from the government and India has now become one of the more interesting emerging markets.”

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

SunEdison Inaugurates 50-Megawatts Of Solar In Central India SunEdison, Inc.,the world’s largest renewable energy development company, recently announced the inauguration of the Dammakhedi 50-megawatt (MW) DC solar power plant in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Dammakhedi is the first solar power plant in the state to use single axis tracker technology to maximize energy production. The project created more than one thousand jobs during construction, and was completed two months ahead of schedule.

ammakhedi is connected to the Madhya Pradesh state grid, delivering power to the central government’s Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI). It is among the first projects to be commissioned under the second phase of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM), an ecologically sustainable growth initiative by the State and National Governments of India. Madhya Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Department (MPNRED) is the state nodal agency assigned to oversee the project on a local level, and Sterling and Wilson and Larson and Toubro assisted as the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors for the project. The plant was interconnected in December 2014.

“As continu India’s econo my es to g ac c e s s row, it will ne reliable to clean, cos ed te electric Gopala it y,” st f fective, and n , a S ted Pas unEdis “Solar hup a t h on g y Solar is enerated elec Asia- Pacific p tricit y more c is the id resident . from fo ost ef f e e a l so ctive built qu ssil fuels in India, s than energy g lution. ickly a nd ad d olar po en er at e later on itiona we r p d . techno The Dammak l capacit y ca lants can be logies h n e b di plan e easil to max c a se s t u se s imize e tudy in the late y added n e r S st s g u y nEdiso quickly n’s abil production, a olar a it y to d nd is a project nd ef ficiently eli . We lo s in the ok for w ver projects region reliable a rd as solar e lectricit we bring af fo to future rd y to the people able and of India - Pa s h .” u pa

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“The Madhya Pradesh government and the New and Renewable Energy Department have been proactive in promoting renewable energy in the state. We are happy with the outcome of this joint effort between the government of Madhya Pradesh and SunEdison. Our government, led by the Honourable Chief Minister Shivraj Singhji Chouhan, will continue to promote investments in the renewable energy space, which will contribute substantially to the Prime Minister’s ambitious plans to develop 100 gigawatts of solar power by 2022.”

- Manu Srivastava, IAS, Principal Secretary and Commissioner, New and Renewable Energy Department, Government of M.P., & MD of the M.P. Urja Vikas Nigam organization

Operation and maintenance of the solar power plant will be performed by SunEdison Services, which provides global 24/7 asset management, monitoring and reporting services.

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

& The Centre is presently working out details of the plan.The tender is part of Railways’ plan to procure 1000 mega watt of solar energy over the next five years.”We have fixed a target of procuring 1000 mega watt solar power in the whole Indian Railways. We are working on it. We are going to float a tender for at least 200 mega watts in next two moths. We have plenty of rooftops available in Indian Railways (to install the panels).”

- Manoj Kumar Sinha , Union Minister of State for Railways

Railways To Float Tenders To Procure Solar Energy Indian Railways will float tenders to procure at least 200 mega watt of solar energy in the next two months, a step which will promote use of nonconventional energy in its daily functioning.

he Ministry has commissioned one mega watt solar power plant - the largest such project in the country till now - at Katra Railway station in Jammu and Kashmir on March 30 this year.”This initiative was taken after Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s instructions during inauguration of the Udhampur-Katra section of Kashmir Rail Link Project,” a senior Northern Railway official said. Railways proposes to harness solar energy by utilising rooftop space through public private partnership (PPP) mode as per feasibility, the modalities of which are being worked out. According to the plan, Railways plans to install solar power plants of about 8.8 MW capacity at railway stations, railway office buildings and level crossing gates throughout the country under railway funding.These include provision of 10 KWp solar PV modules each at 200 stations under various Zonal Railways, provision of total 4.05 MWp Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) at roof top of 21 railway office buildings and provision of total 1.3 MWp capacity Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) plants at 2000 Level Crossing gates on Indian railways.

The generation of solar supply will help railways supply power at remote locations and save in diesel due to reduced running of diesel generators, officials said.Recently, the Railways rolled out a non-AC coach of Rewari-Sitapur passenger train lit by solar panels installed on its roof.

BHEL Commissions 10 MW Solar Power Plant In Karnataka State-run Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited has commissioned a 10 MW solar plant for Karnataka Power Corporation Limited in that state. Significantly, this is also the largest solar power plant commissioned for KPCL till date in Karnataka, BHEL said in a statement. The 10 MW Grid connected Solar PV plant near Shivanasamudram is the 3rd MW scale PV project commissioned by BHEL for KPCL and the second at the same location. Earlier, the company had commissioned a 5 MW solar power plant here for KPCL, besides a 3 MW solar power plant near Raichur, the statement added. BHEL’s scope of work included design,

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manufacture, supply, testing, erection and commissioning of the solar power plant. The SPV plants are built using Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic (C-SI PV) technology which is well proven and has the longest operational experience across the world. BHEL will also operate and maintain the solar power plant for a period of 3 years, it added. Cumulatively, BHEL has so far commissioned 70 MW of large rating solar power plants in the country. BHEL is one of the few leading players in the field of solar photovoltaics who have completed EPC capability backed by fully automated manufacturing line for solar cells and modules.

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

JinkoSolar Signs a US$62 Million plus RMB 50 Million Loan Agreement with The Export-Import Bank of China JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd. (â&#x20AC;&#x153;JinkoSolarâ&#x20AC;? or the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Companyâ&#x20AC;?) (NYSE: JKS), a global leader in the solar PV industry, today announced that it has signed a US$62 million plus RMB50 million loan agreement with The Export-Import Bank of China. (â&#x20AC;&#x153;TEIBCâ&#x20AC;?)

ccording to the terms of the agreement, the US$62 million loan will be used to support long-term fixed assets and midterm working capital for JinkoSolarâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s production facility in Malaysia, while the RMB 50 million loan will be used to support near-term working capital for the Malaysia facility. The Company has already drawn down the US$62 million loan.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;This agreement reflects the vote of confidence from TEIBC in our brand and our overseas expansion strategy. Our production facility in Malaysia has been performing well since it began operations in May and now it is nearly operating at full capacity after ramping up for the past two months. We have already started delivering previously secured orders. We look forward to taking advantage of our new overseas capacity to further strengthen our brand and enhance our competitiveness in the global PV market, and meanwhile improve our capabilities to deliver world-class products to our customers around the world.â&#x20AC;? - Mr. Kangping Chen, Chief Executive Officer of JinkoSolar

Total Sites of Installation > 1700 No.1 Off Grid\Roof top solar PV power solution provider of the year 2012 - 14 * Winner of Largest Roof top installation company for the year 2012 -14 * No.2 SPCU Manufacturer of the year 2012 - 2014 * No.2 Hybrid\Grid Sharing\Grid Tie Solar PV Power Solution provider of the year 2014* IMS accredited company (ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 18000) A Team of Expert Engineers with more than 30 years of experience in Power Electronics and Power Systems

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PROJECTS & SERVICES Industrial Rooftop

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

ENGIE Becomes The French Leader In The Solar Industry By Acquiring A 95% Stake In Solairedirect ENGIE has just acquired a 95% stake in Solairedirect with 100% voting rights in Solairedirect, a global leader of competitive solar. The merger between the two businesses allows ENGIE to bolster its position in the solar sector and makes it the market leader in France with a total gross installed capacity of 383 MW. This will also strengthen its global position, as Solairedirect is present in more than 15 countries, of which are already sites of ENGIE activities.

“We are very proud to be able to announce our cooperation with Solairedirect, a French company with an international reach. This is a crucial step forward in the implementation of our solar strategy. ENGIE has been committed to renewable energies for several years now. We already lead the French wind power market, and this deal makes us the country’s number 1 in solar power too. We intend to strengthen these positions around the world. By pooling the expertise of Solairedirect and ENGIE staff, we will be able to speed up our development in renewable energies, in line with our strategy to spearhead Europe’s energy transition and become the benchmark energy supplier on high-growth markets.”

-Gérard Mestrallet, ENGIE’s Chairman and CEO

He said this while Announcing the acquisition

“I’m very pleased with this project to merge with ENGIE, which is a strategic leap forward, placing competitive solar power at the very heart of the plans to become a world leader in the energy sector. The merger will provide Solairedirect with the financial resources and critical size it requires to speed up growth. Our mutually complementary activities across the world, our entrepreneurial spirit and our ongoing drive for innovation will give us a unique opportunity to build together a competitive world leader on the solar market.” -Thierry Lepercq, CEO at Solairedirect

The leader in the French solar sector Since it was founded in 2006, Solairedirect has been a French pioneer of the competitive solar industry, active in the development, construction, operation, maintenance and investment in utility-scale parks on four continents. Its innovative business model is based on an industrial approach to solar power generation, combined with a focus on cost reduction. Solairedirect developed 57 farms, generating a total capacity of 486 MW. It operates today a gross capacity of 224 MW in France, with the aim to develop a 125 MW capacity per year. In France, ENGIE runs 22 ground-based photovoltaic facilities with total installed power of 158,5 MW (end of June 2015). For example, it operates the Curbans plant, located at an altitude of 1,000 meters in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence region; this facility comprises 105,000 photovoltaic panels and produces enough electricity to meet the annual consumption needs of 10,500 households. ENGIE is leader in the French and Belgian wind power sector, number 1 in Europe for energy from biomass, and number 2 in France for hydropower. This latest deal positions the Group as France’s leading player on the solar energy market.

Bolstering the group’s worldwide positions Solairedirect was quick to build on its success in France by rolling out a selective international development strategy, favouring countries where the conditions are ripe for making solar energy competitive in comparison with other energy sources, including South Africa, India, Chile, the United States, Mexico and Thailand. The company has a portfolio of projects at the pre-construction phase amounting to more than 4.5 GW in the targeted regions, 434 MW of which are set to be built within the next 6 to 18 months.ENGIE has installed solar capacity of 201 MW across the world. One key project is the construction of the 100 MW concentrated solar power plant at Kathu in South Africa, and there are other projects at different development stages in Chile totalling more than 600 MW.

ENGIE is a key player in renewable energy both within and beyond Europe. It has leadership positions for renewables with 19 GW of installed capacity, which is 17% of its overall energy-generating capacity, and a further 27 GW construction EQunder July-August 2015 or development abroad.

In Europe, the Group intends to double its renewable electricity capacities between 2015 and 2025 to reach 16 GW.

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

Canadian JV Sarus Plans 500 MW Solar Park In Maharashtra Sarus Solar, a joint venture of three Canadian firms is planning to invest around Rs 6,500 crore to set up a 500 MW solar photo-voltaic farm in Maharashtra. Sarus Solar, a consortium of PV manufacturer Canadian Solar, EPC firm Guycan Solar and investment firm Mackie Research Capital Corporation, will set up the park in Shahpur in Thane district of the state.

he Canadian firm saw huge potential in the solar sector in India especially after the government announced its target of 100 GW capacity by 2020. We plan to set up solar parks of 500 MW each in the country. To begin with, we plan to set up our first one in Maharashtra with an investment of Rs 6,500 crore,” Sarus Solar Head of Operations (India) Arun Agarwal told PTI. Sarus Solar has also partnered with domestic firm Neelkanth Solar Energy to enter the Indian market for “ease in doing business” here, he said. He further said the firm has already bought 16 acres of land on lease for 25 years from Dhanashree Infratech.

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“We are now awaiting Maharashtra government’s approval for the project. We plan to supply the entire power generated to the state and we are working out on the possibilities of signing power purchase agreements with discoms,” he said. The EPC work of the project will be carried out by Guycan, while the panels and technology would be provided by Canadian Solar and Mackie Research will fund the project entirely. “We expect the project to be completed within 30 months from commissioning of the work. Once this project kicks of, we are planning to develop a similar 500 MW park in Jharkhand. We have already received an approval for setting up the project there.” Last year, the company had approached the Odisha government to set up a similar project in the state. However, due to certain issues pertaining to approval, the company had to scrapped the plan. “We had earlier decided to set up our first plant in Odisha. But due to the amendments in the land acquisition act, the project could not be taken forward as we were had sought land from the government,” Agarwal.The company, which will be initially be importing solar panels is also looking to set up a manufacturing unit in the country. “Initially we will be importing the panels. But going forward we will set a manufacturing unit here,” Agarwal added. Source:BS

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

PFC To Set Ball Rolling On Tax-Free Bonds

Less than a week after the government permitted seven companies to raise Rs 40,000 crore through tax-free bonds in FY16, Power Finance Corporation (PFC) could be the first to hit the market, say bond market sources.

FC is seeking bids for its Rs 300-crore tax-free bonds through private placement on Tuesday. The company has fixed the coupon rates for its 10-year bonds at 7.16%, 15year bonds at 7.39% and 20-year bonds at 7.45%,” said a bond arranger. Market participants indicated the pay-in date would be July 17.PFC has been allotted Rs1,000 crore of tax-free bonds in FY16 of which the company is raising Rs 300 crore on a private placement basis. According to the government notification, only 30% of the allotted amount could be raised through private placement, while the rest has to be done through public issue. Bond market experts believe the public issue of these bonds would start in August.

National Highways Authority of India, Indian Railway Finance Corporation, Housing and Urban Development Corporation, Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency, Rural Electrification Corporation and NTPC are the six other companies that have been allotted tax-free bonds this fiscal. NHAI has been allotted the largest amount of Rs 24,000 crore, while IRFC and Hudco have been permitted to raise Rs 6,000 crore and Rs 5,000 crore, respectively, through tax-free bonds.

“PFC is really gaining from this tax-free bond issue. Had PFC come to the market with its regular corporate bond, the coupon rate would have been close to 8.60% for its 10-year issue. Through this tax-free bond issuance, the company is saving at least 120 basis points” .

-Ajay Manglunia, senior vice-presidentfixed income at Edelweiss Securities

IREDA has been allowed Rs 2,000 crore, while PFC, REC and NTPC can raise Rs 1,000 crore each.REC could be the next to raise funds through tax-free bonds, a bond arranger said, indicating that other companies are likely to approach the market soon. Tax-free bonds made a comeback this fiscal after remaining absent in FY15. They were introduced in 2011-12 with an overall limit of Rs 30,000 crore to boost infrastructure spending. Source: Financialexpress

MP To Get Cheapest Solar Power In Country Madhya Pradesh will get cheapest solar power in the country at the rate of Rs 5.05 per unit on fixed rate for 25 years, a senior Energy Department official said. MP Power Management Company has opened the tenders for supply of 300 MW solar power on long term basis recently and has got minimum rate of Rs 5.05 per unit in it. It is lowest rate for supply of solar power till date in the country. At present, the state is getting solar power at the rate of Rs 6.50 to Rs 7 per unit as quoted in previous tenders.

-Sanjay Kumar Shukla, Managing Director, MP Power Management Company, Govt. of M. P. He told this to PTI recently

July-August 2015

For supply of 300 MW solar power on long term basis, 100 investors had submitted tenders for generation of 3744 MW solar power.Shukla apprised that decks have been cleared for supply of 300 MW power at lowest rate in the country for 25 years in the state.He said better atmosphere and transparent process will be made available to investors of solar power generation.Madhya Pradesh is considered as the best for solar power generation. The bid of Sky Power South East Asia Holding Ltd, Mauritius was found to be the lowest. Reliance Power, Adani Power, MK, Welspun, Sun Edison and two public sector companies Madhya Pradesh Power Generating Company and NHDC also participated in the bidding.On the basis of the tender, the state will get 300 MW solar power on fixed rate for 25 years.The supply will begin in next 12 to 18 months.

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July-August 2015

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

RE Target Of 1,75,000 MW Should Be Taken As Mission For Energy Security Of Country: Shri Piyush Goyal

hile addressing the workshop on Grid Connected Solar Rooftop at Vigyan Bhawan today, Shri Goyal further said that Government of India is soliciting ideas and constructive criticism on all the renewable power projects and no amount of negative response can deter Ministry from its dream of achieving this target. India will soon lead the league of pioneer countries of the world in the field of renewable energy. The Minister assured all participants that the intricacies of each and every Renewable energy plan is well thought of in advance for achieving energy security for the nation. The Minister also launched IREDA’s loan scheme for Rooftop Solar PV Power Projects on the occasion.

wil l heme The sc e loa ns a t id p rov e rest ra te t t he in to 10.7 5 % .9 9 f m o sys t e to t h e to r s a n d . eg a a g g r ve lo pe rs e t he d

Target of 175GW of Renewable Energy by 2022 which principally comprise 100GW of solar and out of this 40GW through Rooftop is very challenging and to achieve this needs everyone help. Highlighting the need of more capital required in RE sector , Shri Tripathy said that Ministry has got fund of Rs 5000 crore for rooftop which can be given in the form of interest subvention or 15 percent interest subsidy. He further stated that Ministry is also trying to get 2 billion dollars from World Bank and ADB towards rooftop projects which can be passed on to the banks to enable them to finance the projects on soft rates of interest to the agencies. Shri Tripathy also stated that the Ministry has got commitment of 1 million Euros from kfw and further negotiating with different agencies to get more capital for RE sector. He further told that according to small survey held by the Ministry, projects worth 1500 MW capacity can be placed on rooftops of government departments.

- Shri Upendra Tripathy, Secretary MNRE He said this in his welcome address, called upon the States/ Ministries /Departments to become partner in transition from MW to GW.

July-August 2015

India has great potential for solar rooftop projects which has not been exploited fully at present. He informed that Government of India has set a target of 100,000 MW grid connected Solar Power in the country and out of this 40,000 MW has to come from Solar Rooftop systems.

- Shri Pradeep Kumar Sinha, Cabinet Secretary To achieve this, Shri Sinha said “We need policy & regulatory interventions. Both Ministries of Power and New and Renewable Energy are working together in these directions. He further added that state regulators have to fix the tariff for RE power which goes to grid. This is important factor in popularising RE programme , Shri Sinha added. Elaborating the several steps being taken by Power Ministry to promote RE , Shri Sinha stated that amendments in the Electricity Act to introduce Renewable Generation obligation is proposed along with raising of Renewable Power Obligation in the tariff policy. In additions, stringent penalties for violations are being proposed. Highlighting importance of evacuation of RE power, Shri Sinha suggested to the States to socialised cost of transmission within State to improve renewable capacity.

It was emphasized in the workshop that the Distribution Companies should implement regulations relating to net-metering/feedin-tariff, grid connectivity and the metering arrangements and develop suitable and simple mechanism to promote the solar rooftops in the country. MNRE has provided the financial assistance of Rs.1cr. to each Ministry of the GOI to install minimum 1 MW solar plants on their roofs/lands and also in their associated Institutions. Some success cases, including Chandigarh Solar City and DMRC, were presented in the workshop. A review of Government of India’s Solar Energy Programmes and sessions on other renewable energy technologies and programmes, including Small Hydro Power, Biomass Power, Bagasse Cogeneration, SADP, Wind Power, RPOs/RECs, Improved Cook Stoves, HRD, Biogas and Biofuels was also undertaken by the Ministry. The Secretaries and other officials of GOI including DMRC and the State Governments participated in the Workshop.

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BUSINESS FINANCIAL

Juwi And Asia Green Capital Establish Joint Project Development Company ‘Aurora Partners Pte Ltd’ Joint-venture to jointly develop, finance and construct solar photovoltaic projects in South and South East Asia / The company’s Headquarters is in Singapore.

sia Green Capital Partners, a renewable energy developer and investment company, and juwi Renewable Energies Pte Ltd, a subsidiary of juwi AG which develops and constructs renewable energy projects globally, have formally established Aurora Partners Pte Ltd, a joint-venture, to jointly develop solar photovoltaic projects across South and South-east Asia. The focus of the new joint venture company will be to identify and codevelop solar photovoltaic projects across key growth markets in the region such as Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines. Aurora Partners will combine the global and Asian technical, project development and construction expertise of the juwi group, with the project development strength and financial resources of Asia Green Capital Partners to develop, finance, construct and operate world class solar photovoltaic power generation facilities across the region.

juwi is excited to partner with Asia Green Capital Partners in developing this solar platform across the region. India and South East Asia are one of the most exciting PV solar markets and long term potential is enormous. juwi continues to bring global technology innovation to the region that accelerates the growth of solar energy in Asia-Pacific. With Aurora Partners we add additional project funding options and different business models for development partners.”

- Amiram Roth-Deblon juwi Regional Director Asia-Pacific

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“juwi continues to work on innovative financing structures and different business models by aligning with the right partners to promote the vision to increase the adoption of renewable energy especially in energy deficit countries. Aurora Partners aims to partner with low cost finance options to achieve competitive advantage which will enable faster deployment of renewable energy projects in the region”

- Jigar Parekh, Senior Project Finance Manager (Asia Pacific) of the juwi group Mr. Amiram adds “The juwi group has been operating in Asia-Pacific since 2010 and has a strong presence in the region with over 400 MW of renewable energy projects completed or under construction across India, Malaysia, Thailand Philippines and Japan.”

“Asia Green Capital Partners is excited about collaborating with the juwi group in developing renewable energy projects in the region. Aurora Partners will enable Asia Green Capital Partners to leverage its financial strength and project development experience to develop high quality utility-scale solar photovoltaic projects at competitive costs and expand its existing portfolio of clean energy assets in the region.”

- Edgare Kerkwijk, Managing Director, Asia Green Capital Partners

Asia Green Capital Partners is a dedicated renewable energy project developer and investment firm with a development portfolio of over 350 MW in South East Asia and is committed to developing clean energy infrastructure assets in emerging economies in the region.

July-August 2015

INTERVIEW

INTERVIEW WITH Dr.ING. STEFAN RINCH utive Chief Exec

Officer,

EQ : “Make Prime Minis ter Na in India re views… ” Mission… ndra Modi Wha Does it excite t are your ISR : P you? rime toward s the in Minister Na re itiative of Aug in his In ndra Modi ha d hinte the init ust15, 2014 depen th ia d de for job tive is to focu at the major nce Day spe objecti creatio s on 25 ech ve b n an se sectors is the r d skill enhan ctors of the e ehind initiativ enewa cemen conom ble e, t. y quality because the energy. We One of thes e standa a in g it r ia e e to th tive als the en rds an is o aim viro dm is able nment. SING inimizing the s at high ULUS to supp im p act on TEC ort in a str ong an that goal wit HNOLOGIE h its so d reliab S lutio le pa compa nies in rtnership wit ns h India going fo rward.

IES

CHNOLOG

TE SINGULUS

Please explain briefly about your Group, its background, strengths ISR : Singulus Technologies was founded end of 1995 as a buyout of Leybold AG, Hanau, Germany, a large international company working in the area of vacuum coating equipment and vacuum process engineering. Starting from 1996 SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES became the key supplier of optical disc replication, mastering and molding systems and is today the world leader for DVD & Blu-ray production machines.2002 SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES started its business with highly sophisticated sputtering tools for the semiconductor industry and 2007 with the takeover of Stangl entered the business in the solar segment. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES is today a leading company for new innovative production and process solutions for high performance solar cells as well as CIGS thin-film solar modules. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES has established itself in the Photovoltaics market as a worldwide recognized machine supplier and technology partner enabling sustainable and chosen energy provision on the basis of renewable energies.

July-August 2015

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INTERVIEW

Please enlighten our readers on the technology you propose for PV Manufacturing, its advantages ISR : For PV Singulus Technologies offers new production technologies and process solutions providing reduction of production costs and the increase of the level of efficiency. The batch & inline wet process system designs offer a wide range of different process applications. With respect to highest flexibility in configuration all systems are characterized by clear modular design and compact footprint. Furthermore vacuum sputtering & evaporation systems as well as selenization furnaces and RTP ovens for applications in CIGS & CdTe module production complete the product portfolio of SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES. All machine solutions fulfill current and future market and customer requirements of capacity, flexibility, and stability for mass production. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES provides solutions for single machines, but also for complete production lines for crystalline or thin-film production fabs. In addition also facility and equipment utilities, such as media supplies, chemical and gas supply systems, waste water treatment, etc. are provided to offer complete system integration for the customers.

Please explain the technology roadmap in detail of solar photovoltaics, especially in reference to the technology you propose to offer ISR : The roadmap published by the International Energy Agency (iea) in the 2014 edition announces the goal to reach a share of up to 16 % of global electricity in 2050. Besides other requirements the roadmap action plan asks the industry to reduce cost for the Photovoltaic (PV) through technology improvements. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES offers with its innovative equipment and processessolutions for the production of the upcoming cell concepts like PERC, PERL, PERT & Heterojunction as well as new improved CIGS and CdTe concepts.

Technology obsolescence… How do you ensure your buyers against this threat when they deploy your manufacturing line

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rs… e Wa Trad r change r a l o So ng cturi ence lobal he G ly to influ V Manufa T : EQ ike ar P orld is it l f Sol eHow scape o ia & the w to a s d nd s led an and e for In the la u s Taiw ing is ” dump China and ing duties d n a il s n a a e v ie r ig e t id e t w Subs inves coun s bet ISR : trade war ping and mvention in India” u f m ke c ries o ’s “anti-du “anti-cir g the “Ma V market ’s . in U S w U. he P s to ll as E , follo n in t as we We think situatio portunitie t in w p ”. n tions gy the ne ia great o depende e d t in y. n a g I e r r r e str o e n f f will o e much mnewable e m beco area of re the

As an Indian…I want to see a lot of manufacturing in India… Is this possible? What are the challenges or requirements from India? How can we challenge the Chinese or Taiwanese or Korean ISR : European equipment manufacturers have the longest history in the design of reliable and costeffective operatingcell production machines especially for the new PERC and Heterojunction cells.If India takes advantage of this technology provided by European companies the “Make in India” strategy could help to set up reliable and competitive solar cell production fabs in your beautifulcountry.

ISR : The fast development of technology is always a challenge. But investing in new production technology e.g. for PERC, Heterojunction cells ensures the investments for the coming years. We from SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES are ready to provide the technology for these requirements.

July-August 2015

INTERVIEW costs expected t are the m and a h iu d W e : -m Q E e short th in v p of solar long term hration tec ergy gene tive with n e e v ti a ti mpe ain altern dy cost-co logies. ISR : Cert day alrea o to n h c re a te s n nologie eneratio g l a company n h o ti rc n a conve ed rket rese a m e th t the leveliz om A study fr 9/2014 shows, tha h W m0 out 60 $/M Lazard fro in US are with ab h it w d pare V cost for P lly competitive com st will a o c re e y h d T a . e s lr a y source rg e n e r . e e oth creas further de

Please explain in detail the various solar PV technologies and its suitability applications wise (which PV technology suits which solar application and why) ISR : We try to give a short overview: the new PERC cell technology is perfect for countries with an existing crystalline cell production technology. With several upgrade steps the cell performance can be improved to above 21 %.

If a country is looking to set up new solar cell production fabs it is worth to discuss the investment in a new Heterojunction cell line providing efficiencies over 24 %.

If the cell/modules are planned for very hot regions the CIGS technology provides several advantages. Thin film solar panels are also easier for use in so called “Building integrated solutions”. But the investment in a turnkey CIGS production facility is higher compared to a crystalline fab.

The evergreen debate on thin film vs crystalline silicon and further bifurcations under these … Please enlighten our readers on the entire technology landscape ISR : Yes, it is an old and ongoing discussion. With low manufacturing cost modules based on crystalline solar cells offer excellent product stability. CIGS modules provide a good low light performance, a good light soaking effect and a reduced sensitivity to overheating. Such modules have a large tolerance to shading effects & low sun intensity. Thin film solar panels allow using the “Beauty and Power of Designed photovoltaics” for integration of PV in the building environment.

July-August 2015

8 Please enlighten us on how your equipment, technology & customers are performing in India & Worldwide ISR : Our systems are running stable and reliable at many production sites at several locations around the world for many years - also in India! » In addition research institutes around the world are working with equipment from SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES, such as SERIS in Singapore, FhG ISE & ISFH in Germany as well as the ARCI Institute in Balapur, India. » We offer wet processing systems and PECVD systems for PERC and already have equipment in operation for Heterojunction Cells. We also have more orders on hand for Heterojunction. For CIGS we are the market leader and will deliver this year several TENUIS II machines for the buffer layer deposition and large VISTARIS sputtering systems.

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INTERVIEW

Why should someone buy your PV Manufacturing Equipment. What’s the unique and foremost advantage SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES offers technologies for economical and resource-efficient production processes. We are the only company with core competencies in vacuum thin film coating technologies, wet-chemical processes, surface treatment and thermal processing technologies. For all processes and applications SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES uses its own know-how in R&D, design, automation and process engineering. SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES is one of the world’s leading drivers of PV innovations. We are investing in R&D and offer thelatest technology and equipment. This is why customers rely on SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES, because they know that weare offering such advanced and innovative technology and care about our customer base worldwide.

Besides the products itself, there are many other things that matter. We are serving our customers in all kind of aspects, like after-sale service, spare parts business, 24/7 hotline, etc...

We are there if the customers need support or have questions for us. It is also very important to provide newest technologies–customers do not like to change suppliers, unless a new technology comes to the market. In your country we serve optical production machines for DVD for many years. We give our customers security for the future for their investment.

What is your order book from India… What are your expectations from this market in recent future ISR : India plans to achieve 100 GW solar power capacities by 2022. The solar power target is part of the bigger plan to have 175 GW renewable energy capacity operational by 2022.The Indian government had already mentioned some of the regulatory measures it would take to reach the nearly impossible target of adding 12 GW capacity every year. »

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We are discussing several investment projects for India and we really hope that projects will be realized very soon. Therefore we look forward to continue further discussions during the coming Renewable Energy India Expo 2015 in September in Greater Noida, India.

July-August 2015

SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

On-Grid Case Study

M/s V V RAJAN - S Sriram Murali, SolarTown Energy India Pvt Ltd

Client Requirement •

“Having a printing press with load of 112KW load, Mr. JayaKrishnan pays an average of Rs.1,40,000 per month on electricity bills. He was in need of a solution to reduce his electricity bills and wanted to explore Solar as an option”.

Solution I.

Installed 36KW On-grid solar plant that utilizes full roof space.

II. Mounted 148 solar modules of each 240Wp from Rene Sola, Top tier manufacturer in the world. III. Installed 3 no’s of 11KW Inverters from SMA, Germany.

Our Approach • Utilization of the maximum available roof-top space to supply

32%

BASE LOAD

• Establish Tax benefit through accelerated tax depreciation • Reduce EB Bill and Diesel Consumption when coupled with 250KVA diesel Generator 24

July-August 2015

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SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

Customer Testinominal “Due to heavy electricity bills, I suffered a lot. The diesel price hike also became a big menace. Installing the OnGrid 36KW solar plant from SolarTown made me to reduce electricity bills.” -V. V. Rajan & Co

Solar Generation: (Month wise)

Environmental Facts

Payback

Savings in : CO2 – 0.016 tons H2O – 1.8 Gallons Coal – 36.5 Tons

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July-August 2015

INTERVIEW

Interview with

Axel Riethmüller 1 EQ : Please explain briefly about your Group, its background, strengths. AR : Based in Freiberg, Germany, teamtechnik Group has been making intelligent and reliable automation solutions for over 39 years. For the global photovoltaic industry the company has specialized on high-throughput stringer machines. These high-performance production tools are designed to combine reliable 24/7 production with unexcelled levels of string quality. teamtechnik Group sells stringer systems producing a total of over 15 GWp, and is therefore a global market leader in this segment. The company employs 900 people around the world and has subsidiaries in Germany, Poland, China and the USA.

Please enlighten our readers on the technology you propose for PV Manufacturing, its advantages.

AR : We have supplied over 500 STRINGER TT systems to date, which has made us the world’s market leader in just a few years. The processes, control systems and drive technology used in the stringer systems are all cutting-edge. The highoutput 50 MWp stringer system TT1800 achieves consistently high production levels of 1800 cycles per hour on a single track. The patented hold-down device separates the soldering process from the handling processes. This enables minimum breakage rates of 0.1 -0.3 % and the largest possible processing windows, for stable production. With our ability to supply a stringer every day, we can achieve extremely short delivery times.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi “Make in India” Mission, What are your views. Does it excite you?

AR : The attraction is definitely there and we can feel it also when we visit our customers and new potential customers. Since the announcement of “make in India” we were able to gain significant amount of orders to support this mission.

July-August 2015

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INTERVIEW

Executive Vice President Solar Technology Teamtechnik Group

The Global Solar Trade Wars… How is it likely to influence or change the landscape of Solar PV Manufacturing for India & the world

AR : We see the tendency that additional production capacities are set up in regions that have until last year not been known for module production. These investments were made to avoid any kind of antidumping. Additionally at the same time contract manufacturers are increasing their capacity to offer “antidumping- free” modules to their customers. Growth in India is generated by domestic demand which will be more sustainable.

Please explain the technology roadmap in detail of solar photovoltaics, especially in reference to the technology you propose to offer

AR : Crystaline PV will stay the majority of production capacity over the next years. At this time we see a big push towards the PERC technology. teamtechnik stringers are producing on this technology with great success. Upcoming technologies will be HJT- and BC-cells for which teamtechnik has already developed solutions. Right now the industry is in the transition from 3-bb to 4-bb cells. Even some customers are on the way to a production with 5-bb cells. All teamtechnik-stringers are well prepared for easy upgrades to deal with these developments.

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As an Indian I want to see a lot of manufacturing in India. Is this possible? What are the challenges or requirements from India ? How can we challenge the Chinese or Taiwanese or Korean.

AR : From our point of view it is very important that the interest rates reach a much lower level as this is the key driver for any kind of investment.

Technology obsolescence… How do you ensure your buyers against this threat when they deploy your manufacturing line

AR : Thanks to the modular design of teamtechnik stringers we offer a flexible system that can be upgraded according to new technical and material requirements.

July-August 2015

INTERVIEW

What are the expected costs of solar pv in the short-medium and long term

AR : We will see an ongoing cost reduction following the wellknown PV-learning curve (see: ITRPV2015, International Technology Roadmap for PhotoVoltaics)

AR : Fast decisions for financing at low costs might be the good driver to further develop the business environment.

Why should someone buy your PV Manufacturing Equipment… Whats the unique and foremost advantage.

AR : Teamtechnik offers the world’s fastest single-track-stringer with highest throughput in a proven design which helps our customers to keep the running costs at a very low level while the uptime is guaranteed. At the same time we have a local Indian partner called iNEtest Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. that covers all service activities and installations with an engineering team of experts that already made many installations of teamtechnik stringers in other regions like China or Middle East.

What are the key set of macro business environment such as infrastructure, business environment, finance, policy etc required in India.

Please enlighten us on how your equipment, technology and customers are performing in India & Worldwide.

AR : Thanks to the NSM with its very ambitious targets of installations in India, we see a lot of production from our customers for the domestic market. Our customers more and more visit us at international exhibitions like SNEC, Intersolar Europe, which is a prove that they are aiming for other markets.

What is your order book from India… What are your expectations from this market in recent future AR :

We already delivered more thanstringer capacity this year to India to our existing customers.

250 MW

We are currently in final negotiations with several new potential customers. Overall the forecast is very good and we are convinced that we will increase our market share in India drastically.

July-August 2015

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SOLAR ENERGY

JinkoSolar Becomes Global Top Financing Brand ing JinkoSolar Hold in PV Industry r” la So Co., Ltd. (“Jinko On July 28th, JinkoPower Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of JinkoSolar, signed a three-year RMB 3 billion line of credit agreement with Ping An Bank Co., Ltd. On the 16th of the same month, JinkoPower also reached $150 million loan agreement with Credit Suisse AG (“Credit Suisse”) and a number of financial institutions.

”) or the “Company bal (NYSE: JKS), a glo r la so leader in the y a PV industry, tod t it a th d ce announ 62 milS$ U a d has signe million lion plus RMB50 ith The nt w loan agreeme Bank of Export-Import China(“TEIBC”).

roceeds from the financing will be used to expand JinkoPower’s project portfolio in China and provides funds to expand capacity to 1.4GW. Credit Suisse acted as sole arranger and led the consortium of investors in the financing. An unavoidable problem for today’s global PV industry in both upstream manufacturing and downstream developing is the difficulty in financing. Banks and institutions always act as indifferent onlookers when it comes to investment in PV plants. Yet, Jinko never failed to get patronized by domestic and international financial institutions, why? First, Jinko’s more than expected performance, improving efficiency, unmatchable #1 profit margin and increasing project pipeline are making a great inspiration for the public. In Q2, 2015, Jinko hit its record in shipment of wafers, cells and modules. Its product’s efficiency has also taken a leap. The current most advanced production line can reach 280W for 60-cell poly module and the average power of commercialized modules is above 260W. In the pioneer project in Datong, China, Jinko has won 50MW order by guaranteeing 270W power for all modules supplied. Because of the Company’s leading technics in poly modules, it will undoubtedly retain its position as an industrial leader over the long run. Jinko’s products eclipsed their peers on market in all dimensions including efficiency, reliability and low cost, overwhelming its factories with orders. Considering that the soaring quantity of orders has already eaten deeply into the Company’s production capacity in the second half of the year, and a great growth is expected in Japanese market, Jinko’s profit margin will continue to stay second to none and project pipeling sufficient and healthy.

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Second, Jinko’s subsidiary JinkoPower as a rising star is already capable of developing, constructing, maintaining and managing GW-level power plants and has already formed a stable cash flow in its projects on-grid. JinkoPower also has over a thousand experts and talents specialized in development, EPC, O&M, commerce, purchasing, legal, market, financing, sales etc. The Company owns the most advanced remote control center for investors and banks to monitor the production and income status of their plants anywhere and anytime. Its parent company JinkoSolar’s strength, assets, first-ranking profit margin in the industry and high-efficient management are also important factors worth mentioning. By the end of Q1, 2015, JinkoPowerhas possessed near 700MW on-grid power plants. According to the Company’s plan, another 600800MW will also be connected in 2015, over 1000MW in total by the end of the year.

July-August 2015

SOLAR ENERGY

Looking East Towards The Land Of The Rising Sun: Lessons India Can Learn From China’s Experiences With Rapid Economic Growth

- Aditya Goel IIT, Varanasi, Executive Director Ornate Solar

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Analysing the rationale behind India’s public commitment to the achievement of 100 GW Solar Power by 2022, shows that India has much to learn from China and the trade-offs it made in its striving for rapid economic growth.

July-August 2015

s the Global industry steps out of the shadow of captivation that has been cast by the magnitude of the expression of India’s commitment towards Solar Power in the coming decade, we are beginning to see the first rays of light illuminate the path to India’s Solar future. The Government of India continues to work steadfastly towards defining the policy framework to facilitate the achievement of the envisioned 100 GW Solar Power addition by 2022, and with it the rationale for the publicly pledged affirmation of India’s resolve to become a Global leader in Renewable Energy begins to become clear.

The electricity sector in India has an installed capacity of 261 GW as of March 2015, which is the close to the Installed Capacity in China as of 2000. By 2013 the installed electricity capacity in China had increased to ~1245 GW, with approximately 70% of the contribution from Thermal power plants. Apart from the Environmental concerns that have arisen as a result of this reliance on thermal power, coal price spikes over the years have contributed to accumulated losses of CNY 100 bn ($17 billion) in the Top 5 Thermal Generation companies in China since 2008!

t the time China had to make its decision to meet the electricity demand fuelled by the increased focus on Manufacturing activities and improving standard of living of its population, Solar was neither as efficient, nor close to being competitive in pricing with thermal power generation alternatives. Hence, China had no option but to choose a Coal-centric scenario to ‘fuel’ its growth.

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SOLAR ENERGY

ndia, as we would all like to believe, is today placed in a scenario similar to that of China in 2000. Of the 1.4 billion people of the world who have no access to electricity in the world, India accounts for over 300 million. India also needs to increase it’s electricity production - in concomitance with China’s increase from 2000-2015 - to meet with the Government’s commitment to provide 24x7 power to all households and to realise Prime Minister Modi’s dream to Make India a Global destination for Manufacturing. However, with the drastic decrease in the cost of solar power over the last 15 years, India – unlike China – does have a viable alternative to a Coal-dependent future. Solar Power is today the only Source of energy today which is almost certain to get progressively cheaper as its deployment increases. Requiring no input resource unlike other competing sources of electricity generation – a future reliant on the Sun’s energy not only eases the pressure on our country’s import bill, but also provides a certain stability in the price of electricity generation as the cost of Solar continues to fall with rapid advances in technology and increasing economies of scale in the production of Silicon based cells & modules. In our ‘Digital Future’ it would presumably be reasonable to assume the availability of refined Silicon at progressively declining prices – in order to facilitate the growth of the Electronics & Semiconductor Industries. The same Silicon fortunately also accounts for 45% of the cost of Solar Panels. Therefore any reduction in the price of Silicon almost proportionately causes the cost of Solar power to fall, thereby making it more viable, and correspondingly fuelling its increased adoption worldwide. Similar to ‘Moore’s Law’ which is applied to the development of semi-conductors, is ‘Swanson’s Law’ in the Solar Industry - which observes that the price

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of solar PV Modules tends to drop 20 percent for every doubling of cumulative shipped volume. As of 2014, the Total Global installed capacity of Solar was 177 GW, with 38.7 GW having been added in 2014 alone. India’s contribution to this capacity addition in 2014 was a mere 1 GW. The installed global capacity is projected to increase to anywhere between 350 GW – 420 GW by the end of 2018, which means a doubling of the cumulative shipped volumes, and a concomitant 20% drop in the Module prices as per Swanson’s Law. Interestingly the contribution of the entire APAC to the installed Global capacity of ~400 GW in 2018 is less than 20% (80GW). If India was to be anywhere near successful in achieving the 100GW Solar Mission, Global PV prices would have halved by 2018!

If these predictions were to hold true, Solar power which is already nearing economic competitiveness with other means of power generation, would be amongst the cheapest forms of Energy by 2018, and India well on its way to achieving it’s ambitious commitment to become a Global leader in Renewable Energy. There are of course still plenty of unanswered questions, but there is also the conviction and belief that the answers to these questions will unravel themselves as we walk along the path. When conviction and belief, was enough to lead our nation to Independence, there should be no reason to believe that it cannot lead us now from proverbial ‘Darkness’ to ‘Light’ as we ride into the sunrise of India’s power revolution.

July-August 2015

INTERVIEW

Please explain briefly about your Group, its background, strengths

HA : centrotherm has been developing and realizing innovative thermal solutions for over 50 years. We are a globally operating technology group, offering production solutions for the photovoltaic, semiconductor and microelectronic industries. A record track in Photovoltaics of more than 50 installed turnkey lines worldwide and over 2,000 PV manufacturing systems in the field underlines our pioneer role and our leadership. Our customers worldwide appreciate our production systems’ process stability, scalability and availability in mass production. Above and beyond this, our work is distinguished by the fact that we create high-end process technology solutions. These are tailored to the requirements of our customers. Upgradeability of our systems to state-of-the-art processes and local service & spare parts supply round out our portfolio.

Please explain the technology roadmap in detail of solar photovoltaics National expansion targets, support programs for feed-in tariffs, “local content” regulations, or, especially in reference to the technology you propose to offer

HA : These political influence factors drive the end markets and thus are a chance for us a technology and production systems provider to benefit from new capacities being added by the solar manufacturers. Along with building up new capacities these manufacturers are considering the next step from standard solar cells to PERC or n-type bifacial solar cells. As mentioned before, we are prepared for this market with our process and systems portfolio.

July-August 2015

Interview with HANS AUTENRIETH , f the Boa rd S pea ker o fficer (CSO) sO Ch ief Sa le lta ics AG P hotovo m r e th o tr Cen

Prime Minister Narendra Modi “Make in India” Mission, What are your views , Does it excite you?

HA : We are very excited with the “Make in India” mission of Prime Minister Modi. Manufacturing is critical for the development of nation as it has a multiplier effect on the economy and it is good to see the attention given. For long, India was portrayed as a services provider and this mission is needed to ensure attention and focus on manufacturing is not lost. This mission complements the increase in National Solar Mission championed by Minister Goyal and cabinet for PV installation target to 100GW by 2022. The recent announcements of support for this goal from the industry at RE-Invest and subsequent announcements augur a bright future for solar PV in India. This strong end market is critical to encourage manufacturing for local consumption. With the mission focus; we do anticipate the country developing a good manufacturing base to supply for this industry. This mission gives centrotherm a chance to participate as a provider of technology and solutions to solar PV manufacturing.

As an Indian…I want to see a lot of manufacturing in India…Is this possible? What are the challenges or requirements from India? How can we challenge the Chinese or Taiwanese or Korean?

HA : The success of solar PV manufacturing in India is going to depend on the quality and price of the modules manufactured. It is important that manufacturer or supplier of solar cells and modules have long term plans to serve the market. There should be no compromises on quality in manufacturing as cost of electricity generated by solar is based on anticipated lifetime of modules up to 25 years. The demand for lower price should not come at the cost of quality as it undermines the entire sector.The cost of capital is the other well-known constraint and a major challenge. The GOI move to extend the modified SIPS program by including solar PV is a good encouragement for the manufacturing industry. Indian manufacturers need to plan for a larger scale of operations to get material costs under check. The final challenge is to select the right equipment, material and technology to run the factory safely and produce the highest quality cells and modules at lowest cost.

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INTERVIEW EQ : T h likely t e Global Sola o influ r Trade enc Solar P W V Man e or change ars…How is ufactu the lan r in dscap it g for In HA : Im p d o ia r t & the w e of and pu the sec n orld it to iv r e and tarif variety of politi in consequen fs exert a sig nifican c influe conten ce on th te t n and im regulations d ce factors suc e landscape. ffect on oes. In port tar But als h a s fe iffs oa ed 20 particip ants. T can result in 14, we have s in tariffs or lo negativ cal he anti e China e n h ow p -du ee an order to d Taiwan, wil mping measu ffects for som unitive l ha res em av from C oid import an ve effect on th , especially a arket gainst hina an d punit e P V lan iv d set up new pr Taiwan modu e tariffs on so dscape. In odu lar le capacit ies esp ction capacit manufacturer products s pla e ie c s ia o is also ll in the fo y to other As r relocate exis n to ia c ting n us c due to the am for these play ountries. India bitious ers not goal of 100 GW only .

Please enlighten our readers on the technology you propose for PV Manufacturing, its advantages

HA : In our point of view manufacturers should make the next step from the standard cell to the production of highly efficient PERC and n-type bifacial solar cells when considering upgrading or expanding their fabs. These new cell concepts offer significant potential to improve efficiency, and consequently energy yield, compared with widely utilized standard p-type cells. centrotherm offers process solutions and manufacturing tools for both PERC and n-type solar cells. Currently, we offer a solution for AlOx/SiNx stacked deposition for PERC solar cells. Compared to other PECVD systems, centrotherm customers are able to start mono and multi PERC cell manufacturing the easiest, cheapest and fastest way – based on a well proven platform and process know-how.

Every centrotherm PECVD tool can be upgraded and new equipment is available within a delivery time of less than 3 months. The centrotherm c.PLASMA tool for AlOx guarantees a high uptime of the system of over 97%, a low maintenance and high process flexibility. Inline systems cannot deliver these benefits also in terms of CAPEX. N-type solar cells are increasingly getting into the focus of solar cell manufacturers as they have a higher efficiency potential and show no light induced degradation. Compared to conventional p-type cells bifacial n-type solar cells can have an up to 30% higher energy yield. centrotherm is engaged in a cooperative BISON alliance with the International Solar Energy Research Center (ISC) in Constance/Germany. With regard to BISON technology (Bifacial Solar Cell on N-type) centrotherm delivers system packages for mass production. This package includes the centrotherm c.DIFF low-pressure diffusion furnace for the emitter formation with phosphorus (p-tpye) or boron (n-tpye). The low pressure process is not only superior to atmospheric diffusion with regard to homogeneity and throughput, but also presents further advantages in terms of higher process flexibility. This enables cell manufacturers to achieve significant cost reductions, while increasing the efficiency of the solar cells at the same time.

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What is your order book from India…What are your expectations from this market in recent future

HA : We only publish our orders by region and not by country. But let me give you a picture of our engagement and market position in India instead. We have been active in India since 1984 supplying furnaces to semiconductor and research laboratories. We started to supply furnaces for solar PV manufacturing to India from 1999. We started centrotherm photovoltaics India pvt Ltd in 2011 and remain committed to India market as we strongly believe in the development of end market which would lead to local manufacturing. Our customer factories continue to be the benchmark for efficiency, productivity and cost. The commitment of Ministry and Government through National Solar Mission for PV deployment and “Make in India” augurs well for the manufacturing industry. We are eager and ready to do our part to support this mission.

July-August 2015

INTERVIEW EQ : P equipm lease enligh ten us ent, te perfor chnology a on how you nd ming in r India & customers HA : O a re W ur cus o r ldwide tomers in sup plyin in In

dia co g sola turnke ntin rP y at full lines in India V. centrothe ue to be the capacit rm has leader a n d all y s India, even a . centrother of them are installed thr m has e s som c e u lines. A r r ently r e com a very nd s un p in Taiw o it is for th etitors failed good reputa ning e tion in a w A n s it , ia w h n hich is th quality the be region as w eir installed cells. ell n centro in the therm chmark for t , especially Ta he hig was an and is iwan PV ind hest active a ve ustr to exp ndor of first y from the b participant ansion e c and im hoice, when ginning pleme it com n es t ing ne conce w cell pts.

Technology obsolescence : How do you ensure your buyers against this threat when they deploy your manufacturing line? Why should someone buy your PV Manufacturing Equipment Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the unique and foremost advantage?

HA : This is a very important issue for any investor. While the crystalline Si is now well established; there are some differences among the choices available. There are three major differentiators from centrotherm. First, we championed the cluster approach to solar PV manufacturing. The industry debated about cluster vs inline approach as solar PV manufacturing gathered momentum worldwide. We firmly believed and offered only the cluster approach, where the wafers are moved from one station to another for processing, very similar to semiconductor manufacturing. This enables introduction of new process steps or sequences for future. In the inline approach, the wafers are sequentially moved from one tool to another fully automated and inline. The inline approach has failed as it limits any upgrade choices without a major reorientation. The cluster approach from centrotherm enables customer to evaluate and add new technology as appropriate. Second, the standard solution we offer like POCl3 for diffusion furnaces, direct CVD for anti-reflective coating in our approach that have been proven to provide higher efficiency. These furnaces we supply are expected to run in volume production 24/7 with minimal downtime. We manufacture our machines in Germany offering the highest safety standards (CE marking) and quality of workmanship. We continue to win orders as the industry adopts to this standard solution. Third, we have our internal R&D and joint development with Institutes like ISC, Konstanz to develop new technology. This has resulted in us offering solution for higher efficiency like PERC and bifacial. We have recently offered a solution for LID reduction in mono PERC cells with our new offering that can be used to upgrade existing lines. Our customers are assured of a path to upgrade their existing technology.

34Â

July-August 2015

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Hitesh Doshi CMD - Waaree Energies Ltd.

K Subramanyam Former CEO Tata BP Solar

Rabindra Kumar Satpathy - CEO-Renewable Power Emami Power Ltd

Shaji John Chief Solar Initiatives, L&T

Shivanand Nimbargi MD & CEO Green Infra Limited Ravi Khanna - CEO Solar Power Business Aditya Birla Group

EQ International Magazine

Sunil Jaini Chief Exe. Off. & Exe. Director Hero Future Energies Pvt Ltd.

Editorial Advisory Board

Rajesh Bhat Managing Director juwi India Renewable Energies Pvt Ltd

Gaurav Sood Managing Director Solairedirect Energy India Pvt Ltd Pashupathy Gopalan Managing Director MEMCSunEdison

Himamsu Popuri CEO Nuevosol Energy Pvt. Ltd. Inderpreet Wadhwa CEO Azure Power Gyanesh Chaudhary Managing Director Vikram Solar Private Limited

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Arturo Herrero CSO Jinko Solar

July-August 2015

35Â

SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

FROM SUN TO WATER: FREE POWER SOLUTION AGAINST EXPENSIVE DIESEL PUMP

- Milind Arbatti, Sr. Manager- Applicaton & Business Development, ROTOMAG MOTORS &amp; CONTROLS PVT. LTD

Solar Pump vs. Diesel Pump: Investment vs. Returns

r. Mahadeo Patil, a medium scale entrepreneurial farmer located in the western ghats of Maharashtra gave us an absolute insight about how logical and innovative steps in his farming operations can prove his capability to adopt a Solar Pump. Having invested on his own, without any dependence on government aid or subsidy; he could realize his investment in no time and continues to get benefited with free & reliable solar power. Mr. Patil owns his 7 acres of ancestral land in Shirval village located near the bank of Nira River on the western ghat region of Maharashtra. Mr. Patil and his family have been cultivating a portion of their land with conventional farming techniques since years. Blessed with a nearby water lake to one portion of their land, they were operating that part for cultivation of tomatoes, carrots, onions, cucumbers and seasonal green vegetables. The entire farm has been operational using intelligently managed drip irrigation system. However cultivating the entire farm was an issue due to expensive diesel pump costs and lack of electricity direct to their field as the nearest point of gird connection was almost 2 kilometres away from the farm. Pulling in electricity grid till the farm was a very expensive affair; moreover it was an absolute unreliable source of power as a typical scenario in the country in terms of power cuts, unreliable power quality and night time operation. Having approached with our legendary product; our Surface Pumps MBP series, we could convince Mr. Patil that Rotomag can completely eliminate his water scarcity problems against expensive diesel pump or pulling in power till his field. Without waiting for any time-

July-August 2015

Mr. Mahadeo Patil Entrepreneurial Farmer Western Ghats, Maharashtra

consuming process like the government subsidy or bank loan Mr. Patil decided to invest on his own into a 3 HP pump as he immediately realized the economics of having water reaching his fields in less than 2 weeks and the next crop can plan in the availability of assured water. Less than 15 days, Rotomag commissioned the entire 3 HP solar pump system for Mr. Patil. Elated by the fact that he is getting water in the month of March, just a couple of months ahead of scorching heat and draught Mr. Patil started his field work activities. Less than six months after the date of installation one day our

headquarters received a call from Mr. Patil say “Thank you very much sir, my first draught season is over, by next year my investment will be completely justified....mera paisa vasul ho jaayega!” Just in that season Mr. Patel could make a handsome margin of about 60,000-70,000 rupees per acre. With three acres of non-productive land during draught season; his investment was completely justified. Detailed economics of the project and pragmatic return on investment has been explained as below.

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SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

INVESTMENTS: 3 HP Pump Set for a Medium Scale Farmer Case I: Electricity Pole from State Electricity Board

Basic investment for an agricultural farm requires about 10 -15 poles ( covering approximately 1.5 to 2 kilometres) erection and commissioning work to bring power in the fields. The above calculation is on the basis of 10 poles erection for a standard 3 HP agricultural pumps. Item Specifications

Quantity

Cost/Unit (INR.)

Total Cost (INR.)

Electricity Poles

15000

150000

415 V Transformer Cost

50000

Overheads and Profit

40000

Net Cost ( INR.)

240000

Issues:

vailability of grid power; in spite of subsidized electricity cost is a major issue in rural areas. During peak summer seasons the availability of electricity is as bad as 3-4 days/week; only at night time where irrigation can be a problem.

Due to the same reason farmers are unable to cultivate their land in this period in spite of having availability of water. If water can be made available in this time period, the farmers can yield fast crop growing in 2/3 cycle periods.

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July-August 2015

37Â

SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID Case II: DG Pump Sets Diesel Engine assisted pump set is another popular solution as a low investment option.

Item Specifications DG Pump Set

Specifications

Cost/Unit (INR.)

Total Cost (INR.)

2.2 KW DG+3HP Pump

25000

5000

Overheads and Profit

5000

Net Cost ( INR.)

30000

Issues:

lthough the investment for such pump sets is low in comparison with the grid connection, operational expenditures and maintenance associated with Diesel Generator are high to a great deal. Most importantly this is not a cost effective solution considering the ever-escalating fuel prices. Average Diesel consumption per pump-set is about 1 liters/Hour of operation ( As per the standard data typical diesel consumption for a small size diesel engine is 250gms/HP/Hr). On and average, a diesel pump in the farm operates 6-7 hours/day which accounts to 6-7 liters of diesel per day. Moreover; DG pump set maintenance issues, fuel logistics cost add to further O&M costs.

Case III: Solar PV Based Pump Set Table below depicts a basic investment for 3 Hp solar pump considering prevailing market prices of equipments and balance of systems (BOS).

Item Specifications

Specifications

Quantity

Cost/Unit (INR.)

Total Cost (INR.)

3 HP Surface Pump

Rotomag MBP 90

62000

Solar PV Modules

2700 Wp Modules

2700

121500

BOS

70000

Profits & Overheads

40000

Net Cost ( INR.)

293500

During peak conditions a standard solar pump can operate between 6-8 hours with 3-4 hours of maximum throughput. This can be averaged as 6 hours of consistent delivery head especially during the entire year. (Standard calculation of 300 sunny days for Indian solar irradiation scenario)

38Â

July-August 2015

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SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID Calculation: Return on Investment

lthough electricity is offered to the farmer at heavily subsidized rates in most of the states, practical availability of the power at required condition raises a point of great concern to the farmers especially in remote areas. Making power available at night is not a practicality because of access to the farm and endangered situations like wild animals, snakes, night creatures etc. In spite of offering power tariff subsidy, practical available power to the farmers

in extreme conditions varies from 4-8 hours during the entire day. Even if at night supply when evaporation rates are lesser than during the day it is very challenging for the farmers to carry out any operations. Even with certain temporary market correction and volatilities; the Petroleum industry certainly forecasting an exponential increment in the crude oil prices. The impact coming straight from the diesel prices to the farmers is even higher

as they need to access the diesel from the fuel station to their diesel pump sets. Taking into consideration all these practical aspects the realistic return of investment of a Solar Powered DC pump has been calculated against new utility power and diesel pump set as below:

** : Diesel costing is based on present market average of INR. 60.0/Lit as end cost to farmer. ++: Electricity cost is calculated on the basis of domestic tariff of INR.6.20/Unit. From the present calculation on a practical basis any investment for the farmers assuring returns within three fiscal years brings in a great viability of for their prosperity. Considering realistic is-

sues of uninterrupted power supply for most important time of the year a simple calculated return of investment of about one year against new electricity connection or three years of operational cost of

a diesel pump, DC Solar pumps are definitely capable to gear up the challenged and needy farmers for autonomy towards electricity.

CONCLUSION: From the overall picture of electricity availability and escalating fossil fuel prices against ability to cultivate agricultural land as captive power generation; solar power pumps certainly project a very positive prospect of investment. Moreover considering into account the benefit of land cultivation especially in draught conditions, one can have direct benefits of higher crop yields in remote areas of the country. With one success story of Mr. Patil having portrayed on a practical basis, we continue to get more such farmers. Rotomag continuously thrives to get more innovations, satisfaction and confidence in our farmers in order to get many of such success stories on our dashboard.

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July-August 2015

39Â

solar thermal

SUNOYESTER TECHNOLOGY

l design Industria ded with roun edges

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The SunOyster is a new concentrating solar technology. The bi-axially tracking SunOyster uses parabolic mirrors and a disruptive receiver technology to cogenerate electricity and heat with an unrivalled efficiency of up to 75%. There are four patents pending for the SunOyster.

July-August 2015

(Design patent)

unOyster mirrors track the sun bi-axially all day from East to West. The back mirror can be elevated in order to minimize shadows in winter. The standard model of the SunOyster, the SO 16, has two 8 m² surface semi-parabolic mirrors. The glass mirrors with 50x concentration and standard focal length are a proven technology and characterized by high reflectivity. Regarding the installation, the whole structure is light enough for most rooftops and even tilted roofs. On the ground, it can simply be installed on steel anchors without any concrete foundation. The automatic control system – equipped with a back-up battery – closes down the mirrors in a secure position in case of stormy winds or hail (“Oystering”). The heart of the SunOyster is a hybrid receiver which combines the best of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and Concentrated Photovoltaics (CPV) technology: The 4m long receiver is protected by an evacuated borosilicate glass tube. Inside the tube, special glass lenses concentrate the light a second time to 1,000 suns. CPV cells with a cell efficiency of up to 44% convert the sunlight directly into electricity. The cells are actively cooled by a heat transfer fluid. This fluid, either water or water with glycol, can reach temperatures up to 170 °C.

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solar thermal

er, w o P r e t s y O n Su ncy ie ic f f E t s o C & Hea t

ased on its electrical system efficiency of up to 30% and an electrical power output of approx. 5 kW p, the SunOyster would reach – for example in the German city of Munich with an annual Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) of 1,000 kWh/m² – an energy generation of up to 5,000 kWh electricity p.a. At the same time, the receiver also generates with 45% efficiency up to 7.5 kW thermal power and roughly 7,500 kWh heat energy p.a. In the locations of the world with the best DNI, this yield rises to 15,000 kWh of electricity and to 22,500 kWh of heat p.a. The machine is sold in batches of at least 20 machines at an ex-works price of 5,000 Euro p.p. – including support structure and inverter. With two thirds of this allocated to electricity, the price for one kW peak of the SunOyster is only 670 €. This results in Lifecycle Costs of Electricity (LCOE) – again in Munich – of 4.2 €€Ct and heat costs of 2.1 €Ct per kWh. In the top locations the SunOyster reaches LCOE of only 1.4 €Ct and heat costs of 0.7 €Ct/ kWh (assumptions in each case: transport and installation 1,000 € p.p., maintenance 500 € p.p. every five years, 25 years life time, no financing costs).

Heat

Elecricity

30%

15 % Optical losses

Direct Normal Incidence (DNI)

The SunOyster is ideal for solar power plants where the CPV electricity is directly fed into the grid and where the heat can be used e.g. for co-powering fossil power plants, for ORC machines such as the CraftEngine™ or for desalination.

Commercial applications on roofs, yards or carports: SunOysters can cover the electricity and heat demand of e.g. food, textile, chemical or metal industry. Or the cogenerated heat can power thermal chillers of hotels, office buildings, supermarkets or cold storages.

45%

100%

SunOyster ns Appl ica tio

10 % Thermal losses

In the future, the SunOyster will also be sold to residential applications. The annual energy generation of one SunOyster can cover the complete average heat and energy demand of a German family in a well-insulated house – in the top locations with lower consumption it can power even a small village.

Model of receiver with concentrator cells

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July-August 2015

PV MANUFACTURING

DUPONT™ SOLAMET® PHOTOVOLTAIC METALLIZATION PASTES DELIVER RECORD LEVELS OF POWER

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Dupont and solartech energy corp. work together to maximize perc eff iciency with new solamet® pv76x front side silver pastes.

New power output record set in production at Solartech

Solamet® paste system achieves 19.6% total efficiency with multi-crystalline PERC solar cells

Solartech sees new business opportunities for its high-efficiency ‘Sapphire’ solar panels

First front side silver pastes developed for PERC technology

SUMMARY :

ncreasing the power output of solar energy systems is a key focus across the solar industry. A collaboration between solar cell and panel manufacturer Solartech and DuPont on the development of new Solamet® pastes for their leading-edge passivated emitter rear cell (PERC) technology has optimized the efficiency of Solartech’s solar cells, and has helped set a new power output record for Solartech panels.

July-August 2015

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PV MANUFACTURING

“The collaboration between Solartech and DuPont has helped to open up new opportunities for us in the market and enables our customers to achieve higher financial returns.” CHALLENGE :

or Solartech, a Taiwan-based leader in the global solar industry, increasing the efficiency with which solar cells and panels convert sunlight to electricity is an ongoing focus. Customers expect high-quality, reliable solar solutions, based on the latest technologies – like passivated emitter rear cell (PERC) designs – to help drive the continued success of solar. Solartech wanted to improve the efficiency of solar cells that utilize PERC technology, which incorporate an extra dielectric layer that captures more light and increases energy yield, in order to reach new levels of power output and open up new business opportunities.

PROJECT LOCATION Taiwan

SOLUTION :

uPont and Solartech have worked together to optimize the efficiency of Solamet® pastes in Solartech’s innovative solar cell designs since 2005. The focus for this latest endeavor was to improve the efficiency of PERC cells, using the new DuPont™ Solamet® PV76x series of front side silver pastes. PERC is increasingly regarded as a promising and fast-growing technology to increase power output as solar energy systems continue to evolve. Solamet® PV76x photovoltaic metallizations are a new series of front side silver pastes that have been shown to increase the efficiency of PERC solar cells by more than 0.15 percent. These new pastes mark an industry milestone: DuPont is the first to develop front side silver pastes specifically for PERC technology that have been demonstrated in production to deliver significant efficiency gains for both multi- and mono-crystalline silicon PERC solar cells. For this project, Solartech incorporated Solamet® PV76x front side silver paste as part of a complete system, together with Solamet® PV36x aluminum paste and PV56x tabbing silver.

PROJECT DETAILS Project

Optimize power output from PERC solar cells

Milestone reached Enabled record-setting 19.6% conversion efficiency for multi-crystalline PERC cells Benefits

Boosted power output, new business opportunities, and increased ROI for system owners

Taiwan

New DuPont™ Solamet® PV76x metallization pastes

RESULTS :

n tests conducted by Solartech, they were able to achieve 19.6 percent total efficiency with multi-crystalline PERC solar cells made using the Solamet® system of pastes. The high cell efficiency, together with a four bus-bar design and low light induced degradation (LID) levels, have enabled the development of Solartech’s 60-cell ‘Sapphire’ solar panel with power of 286 watts – the highest power output reported for this type of solar panel. For Solartech, these efficiency gains represent significant business potential. “The collaboration between Solartech and DuPont has helped maximize the power output of our high-powered Sapphire solar panels, which opens up new opportunities for us in the market and enables our customers to achieve higher financial returns,” said Kong-Hsin Liu, chairman of Solartech Energy Corp. The introduction of Solamet® PV76x pastes is the latest in a series of precedents for DuPont innovation with PERC technology. DuPont was the first in the industry to introduce local back surface field aluminum pastes and rear-side tabbing pastes for industrial PERC solar cells with Solamet® PV36x series aluminum pastes, and Solamet® PV56x series rear-side tabbing pastes, respectively.

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July-August 2015

SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT IN INDIA - Jigar H Joshi Summer Intern (Startling Solar Pvt Ltd,Mumbai) M.Tech-Solar Energy (Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,Gandhinagar)

s I am a student of M.Tech Energy Systems and Technology ( focused on Solar Energy),I was having theoretical knowledge of solar systems but while installing the same thing it was a different experience. During this experience, I got knowledge about installation problems, integration difficulties, design considerations that should be taken while designing. Besides technological experiences, I realised about the difficulties faced by people in rural area. There were problems regarding electricity, drinking water, no good roads. For me it was a great experience ,I would like to thank our companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s M.D. Mr Anuj Nigam(Startling Solar Pvt Ltd) for giving me the opportunity. I am also thankful to the whole Startling Solar team for guiding me and helping me.

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July-August 2015

n India power scarcity is a big problem in rural areas as well as in urban areas. So besides investment opportunity sector ,solar sector is helpful to fulfil energy demand in these areas.

have recently completed my first solar hybrid project installation in a rural area. The site location for this solar hybrid plant is Shellar village, Karjat district, Mumbai, Maharshtra. This location faces huge power fluctuations and daily power cut for around 6-7 hours. The solar hybrid power plant installation that we took up is for an old age home. After doing successful installation, I was eager to see its energy output.During my observation of energy output, I found out that system generates sufficient energy to compensate the load requirement besides when there is cloudy weather. The solar system was generating around 4-5 kW when the weather was cloudy. This system has a battery backup and diesel generator is also available as backup with grid tie configuration. Energy source preferences are in this sequence (1)PV array (2) battery (3) grid (4) diesel generator.

his solar plant has a capacity of 22kWp and is designed to accomplish full load of this old age home. Solar panels have the capacity of 250Wp from WAAREE, the inverter is of 20KVA 3 phase capacity from N e o Wa t t ( C o n s u l ) , and the batteries are from Luminous with 150AH and 12V capacity. All the components are integrated according to plant designing.

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SOLAR ENERGY

SWELECT ENERGY SYSTEMS LTD

10 MW DCR PROJECT In Musiri Near Trichy

WELECT Energy Systems Ltd., has recently commissioned its 10 MW SPV Farm near Musiri Taluk, Trichy District, Tamil Nadu. It is the state’s first VGF (Viability Gap Funding) Project under the JNNSM Phase 2 and also the only DCR (Domestic Content Requirement) project in Tamil Nadu. The highlight of this project is that more than 55% of the installed SPV modules were manufactured in SWELECT owned module manufacturing facility at Bangalore (HHV Solar Technologies Ltd) with the SPV Cells manufactured in India with 100% DCR compliance. The SPV modules used are high efficiency 240, 245, 250 and 255 Wp multi crys-

talline panels with IEC certification and 750 kW high efficiency TMEiC central inverters have been used. This has enabled SWELECT to be in line with the ‘Make in India’ program as well as the upcoming DCR programs. SWELECT has installed over 1700 Roof top installations for Process Industries, IT campuses, University campuses, Banks, ATM sites and many other corporate customers. SWELECT has been ranked as No. 1 Rooftop Solar company (source: Soft Disk awards 2012, 13, 14) for three consecutive years. It is currently in the process of developing a 20 MW SPV Farm.

SWELECT is one of the few Indian companies in Solar Photovoltaic market with complete backward integration covering• • • • • • • •

Manufacturing of High Quality SPV modules (40 MW currently and is being expanded to manufacture Modules up to 100 MW for Indian and overseas markets) Standalone / Off-Grid Inverters up to 10 KW Grid Tie On-Grid Inverters Module Mounting Systems (MMS) Array Combiner / Array Junction Boxes Design of High power Solar Parks and Operation & Maintenance Leaders in Roof Top SPV Energy Systems Modular and High Power SPV parks

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15 MW Modular Energy Park Vellakovil Tamil Nadu

July-August 2015

BALANCE OF SYSTEM

STANDARDIZATION

OF PV WIRES AND CABLES - Brinder Gandhii, LEONI Cable Solutions (India) Private Limited

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Starting at the end of last century the worldwide interest in renewable energy was encouraging the PV industry to grow significantly and this growth around the world was irresistible. At that time the construction of PV systems was an expensive and long term investment and the investors did not know how to estimate the quality of modules, and customers were asking for the expected lifetime of PV modules and PV installations. There was a strong need for a third party assessment of safety and quality.

July-August 2015

n 2001 the TUV Rheinland in Germany started testing PV modules and noticed many problems because of the cables, since no dedicated standard tests for these cables existed, the TUV Rheinland created their own standard. This was the birth of 2Pfg 1169:2004 which was based on IEC 60245-4:1994 (Rubber insulated cables – Rated voltage up to and including 450/750V Part 4: Cords and flexible cables) After numerous wiring failures the PV experts recognized, that the requirements of the PV wires were much higher and requirements of the first Pfg 1169:2004 had been too low. In 2006 a new experts group (German National Committee Working Group 411.2.3) started to work on a new version of the “ Requirements for photovoltaic cables”. In the first part of the work, it was a joined group of module and cable experts. The focus was on the period of use of PV wires. The result of this work was published by TUV as TUV 2 Pfg 1169/2007:08 Solar cables have to withstand a wide range of environmental conditions – and continue to do so over a long period. High temperatures, UV radiation, rain, humidity, dirt and attack by moss and microbes are all a serious challenge to solar cables. Cables tested in accordance with EN, TÜV and UL requirements (120°C; 20,000 hours) can be used at environmental temperatures of –40°C to +90°C. They should therefore achieve the target service life of 25 years. Apart from temperature, UV radiation is the other significant factor. Trials have shown that untreated material (free of any colour additive) will lose more than 50% of its performance capacity within less than six months. In order to avoid this deterioration, fine soot particles are added to the plastics (leading

to a black colouring in the sheath). These particles absorb the UV radiation and convert it into heat. Optimum UV resistance can therefore only be achieved by using black solar cables with enough black carbon content. In 2011 the German National Committee for PV wires and cables started to work out a revision of VDE-AR-E 2283-4 “Requirements for cables for PV systems”. The target was now to apply this draft as a new work item to CENELEC TC20, The main topics were • Increasing the system voltage • Adapting test procedures to the new voltage level The result of this work is the EN50618 which has been published as a new European Standard EN 50618 published in December 2014, this standard specifies cables for use in Photovoltaic (PV) Systems, in particular for installation at Direct Current (DC) side, with a nominal DC voltage up to 1.5kV between conductors as well as between conductor and earth. These cables are suitable for permanent outdoor use for many years under variable demanding conditions. Relatively stringent requirements are set for these products in line with the expected harsh usage conditions. EN 50618 requires cables to be low smoke halogen free, flexible tin coated copper conductors, single core power cable with crosslinked insulation and sheath. The testing requirements in EN 50618 are more stringent, the most important change is that all the test are done on material taken from finished cable ensuring that the product to be installed is passing all the testing requirements. Cables are required to be tested

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BALANCE OF SYSTEM

Figure 1: Wiring Failures Caused By Ozone And High Temperatures

at Voltage of 11KV AC 50Hz. An IEC standard for Solar DC Cables based on EN50618 is also in preparation. To meet the stringent requirements insulation and sheath in modern solar cables consist of cross-linked polymers. Two different processes can be used for cross-linking – a choice between electron beam cross-linking and chemical cross-linking. Chemical cross-linking is a process that cannot be stopped once it has started. As a result, chemically cross-linked cables suffer from the same phenomenon as old car tyres. They can harden and become porous. By contrast, electron beam cross-linked cables are irradiated with beta rays. This improves the synthetic material. Once the cables have passed the electron beam, the cross-linking process is complete. These cables remain soft and elastic throughout their whole service life. Energy delivered from a Solar PV system is not only dependent on the efficiency of the module but also on other system components like DC Cables, Connectors and Junction Boxes. While designing the solar farm, engineers have to factor the losses from modules to the inverters to calculate the over-all performance ratio of the farm. Low quality solar cables and connectors will lead to small increases in resistance and result in higher losses of

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energy (I2Rt). The loss of energy already harvested, when calculated over a twenty five year life represents a substantial loss and would affect the profitability of the project. To determine the thermal ageing effect, the Arrhenius equation is a simple and accurate formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates. It is used to model many thermally-induced processes/reactions. A useful generalization supported by the Arrhenius equation is that the reaction rate doubles for every 10 degree Celsius increase in temperature. To determine the long-term temperature stability of an insulation material, the different ageing times corresponding to different temperatures are measured and recorded in the ArrheniusDiagram (shown below). A straight line is drawn to connect the various recorded points. By extending the straight line until it intersects the 20,000 hours axis, it is possible to determine the service life or the temperature index. A 10° C shift in temperature will increase or decrease the process by a factor of two. The temperature index as per IEC 60216 defines the ageing temperature (in °C), at which the material still has elongation at break of 50% after 20,000 hours. EN 50618 / TUV rates cable at 120°C @ 20000hrs with working temperature of -40°C to

90°C for solar DC cables resulting in the life expectancy of cables at 90°C to be >25 years. A high quality Solar DC Cable is expected to perform for the complete lifetime of the installation which is about twenty five years. The cost of replacing a defective installed cable is very high. The replacement costs increase when factoring in manpower used for removal, reinstallation and testing of the system. In addition, there are losses in power output and revenue generation. The cost of these cables and connectors is very small in the total cost. Since the differential cost of the high quality cables is insignificant, it makes sense to invest with higher initial cost and reduce the “total cost of ownership” of a PV plant. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link – which is why LEONI offers high quality electron beam cross-linked BETAflam® solar cables. These quality cables are produced in Switzerland and fulfil all the requirements: long service life, excellent weather resistance and security of investment for the operator of the facility. LEONI started electron beam crosslinking in 1984 and supplied beta beam irradiated cables for solar application in the 90’s. These are still performing in installations in Europe.

July-August 2015

BALANCE OF SYSTEM

LEONI produces and develops compounds for insulation and jacket materials in-house. With capacity improvements over a period of time, it today has the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest beta beam cross linking facility contributing to the highest production of solar DC cables. LEONI first launched UL/TUV dual approved cables in 2005 and invented 1,000 VAC UL and 1,500VDC TUV ca-

bles which will be used for solar installations. LEONI can supply the complete system from junction boxes for module manufacturing to cable systems and connectors for Solar PV installations from its production facilities all over the world. To support our customers for fast installations of PV power plants LEONI has stocks available in India, Europe and USA.

LEONI BETAflam Solar products meet the highest requirements for solar PV system providing the same high expectations that are demanded from the solar modules - which are longevity and high weather resistance. We offer BETAflam Solar DC cables, TRAFOflex UV cable, SOLARpower Alu-ATA cables, BETAsolar Junction Box and BETAsolar PV connectors.

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SOLAR ENERGY

10 MW SOLAR PV PROJECT BY WAAREE ENERGIES LIMITED

aaree Energies Ltd. commissioned a 10 MW solar power plant for Sharda Construction and Corporation Pvt Ltd (SCCPL) a construction major based in Maharashtra. The project was allotted to Sharda Construction under the Domestic Content Requirement (DCR) category of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission’s Phase 2, Batch 1. The EPC contract was awarded to Mumbai based Waaree Energies Ltd. The project which is located on 57 acre land in Latur, Maharashtra was executed in less than 90 days.

Technical Snapshot Of The Project ENGINEERING CHALLENGES :

he site had undulations with some extreme slopes and a catchment area at the bottom of the slope. Engineers had to figure out a way to ensure that the layout is such that there is no shadow of structures on the nearby modules. They also had to ensure that the structures could withstand the environmental extremes of the outdoor. The plant performance has been as per expectation.

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Sponsor Size Site Location Scheme Substation Voltage PPA Module Inverter

Sharda Construction and Corporation Pvt Ltd 10 MW AC Latur, Maharashtra JNNSM Phase II, Batch I – DCR Category Panchincholi, Latur 33 kV SECI WS 295 Wp Poly-Si TMEIC 750kW Toshiba

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July-August 2015

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PV MANUFACTURING

Analysis Of Potential Induced Degradation Of Thin Film Solar Modules N. Srimathy, B. Jaeckel, R. Prathap UL ( Underwriters Laboratories)

ver the last few decades, there have been numerous reports of degradation of PV modules caused by high voltage stress. This, in turn, generally affects the Energy Yield (EY) and the Return of Investment (RoI) of the PV installation. This paper reviews briefly, findings from the past and reports on the effect of high voltage stress on thin film modules, in particular a-Si/µ-Si modules with TCO front side electrode. The experimental results also show that new modules are not always free of TCO corrosion and to secure the investment or/and make the PV installation bankable, it is important to prove the modules’ resistance against high voltage induced degradation.

INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

July-August 2015

To properly stress PV modules with high voltage and prove their resistance, it is important to understand the underlying degradation processes and to define the correct test sequence. UL has developed different test protocols to test c-Si [1], [2], [3] and thin film PV modules with respect to their susceptibility for high voltage degradation. This article will particularly address the case for thin film modules. Most thin film modules use a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) for the front side electrode. From observations in the past, this is one of the weak points of thin film modules, especially if not properly sealed against moisture ingress. In this article, we will focus on the moisture and high voltage induced degradation mode,

odule qualification tests such as IEC 61215 [4] and IEC 61646 [5] for c-Si and thinfilm modules respectively, have shortcomings in their ability to evaluate some degradation mechanisms that modules could experience. A test to measure a module’s ability to withstand a continuous system voltage bias is not included in the present module qualification standard as it was deemed too stressful several years ago [7]. This unfortunate omission has significantly cost the industry in terms of effort and expenditure. Based on the numerous published and unpublished reports of

which could potentially be a dominating failure mode, given India’s tropical climatic conditions. Remark: Marketing the statement and the promise that modules from a Brand are PID or TCO corrosion resistant is good, but not enough. Using results from recently installed a-Si/µ-Si modules, this article will reveal that the problem of TCO is still present. UL provides several bankability and quality services to address the different degradation modes and together with the client and the knowledge of the installation site, a well-defined test procedure can be determined and executed swiftly within our laboratories in India or around the world.

PV module degradation, several modes can be identified which are dependent on location and module technology [8], [9], [10]. Each solar cell technology shows its own behavior with respect to high system voltages in PV power plant arrays [7], [11], [12]. Additionally, the trend towards higher system voltages (1500V) is increasing the voltage induced stress to all PV components, It has been found that most PV-cell technologies are only prone to system voltage stress in one polarity. Proper grounding is a possibility to avoid a degradation phenomenon. But the PV inverter development trend

is moving towards transformerless setups, due to cost reductions and efficiency gains. This will eventually lead to the need to test PVtechnologies in the future to both polarities, to ensure no or low system potential induced degradation rates. Besides hard grounding, there are other possibilities to prevent or slow down PID. These are outlined and discussed in figure [2], [3]. The following gives a brief summary on how the high voltage qualiﬁcation tests have evolved over time. Over the past years, several test setups have been developed for the different PV module technologies. The

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PV MANUFACTURING

main difference is the application of the high potential to the cells, where typically two approaches are used. 1) By humidity in a climatic chamber (biased Damp-heat (DH)) 2) By conductive foil, typically Al-foil Both these setups have advantages and disadvantages. For p-type crystalline Silicon technologies, the following conditions are mainly used: 1) Bias DH: 60°C or 85°C / 85 %, -Usyst (typically -1000V) 2) 25°C (room temperature (RT)), Al-foil front contact, -Usyst (typically -1000V) These test conditions are included in the most recent IEC 62804 draft (summer 2014) [6]. As mentioned, these parameters focus mainly on crystalline modules. But several learnings can be gathered from the achievements of crystalline Silicon module testing. As recently

published [11], it is important to control humidity and the start of the high voltage stress very carefully to achieve reproducible results. This is independent of the solar cell technology and also applies to thin film module PID tests. Together with the results published in [7], this can be used as a guide on how to test thin film modules with respect to their susceptibility against high voltage stress. To choose the right test, it is important to know and understand the underlying degradation mode. If for example, moisture is needed to trigger a reaction, as it is for TCO corrosion, only the first method can be applied. For Sodium ion migration due to electric fields, both methods can be used, but will result in different stress levels due to different homogeneity of the applied potential. UL favors method 2) in these cases, with the conductive foil front side electrode to ensure worst case testing, as it represents rain or dew/moisture condensation events in the field during

day time. In the past, a lot of thin film companies either stated that they did not have problems with respect to high voltage stress or released new installations instructions to allow for transformer less inverters, which means that the strings are on a floating potential and the modules on at least one side of the module string will be exposed to a hazardous high potential. Not all modules are well protected as shown in the example on the left side in Figure 1. The so called “bar-graph” TCO corrosion can be easily seen. To investigate today’s modules, UL performed tests on a-Si/µ-Si Tandem junction thin film modules to demonstrate that the failure can easily be reproduced in the laboratory and that some of today’s modules are still sensitive to this kind of non-reversible high voltage induced degradation. The results are shown and discussed in the next secion.

Figure 1: left: image from module out of the field that shows TCO (bar-graph) corrosion and right: corrosion of front electrode (TCO) due to accelerated aging (PID) test in the lab for 100hours.

EXPERIMENT DESIGN

his section will display the experimental results from thin film a-Si/µSi modules achieved by a series of tests to look into the output power trend, occurrence of shunts and safety in terms of protection against electric shock. In the past, most tests were performed on new, out-of-the-box PV modules. In some rare cases, studies were done on modules taken out of an existing installation as is the case with this study. The main objective is to demonstrate on noneffected modules, that all modules of this

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type are susceptible to the observed visual defects (similar to those shown in Figure 1 on the left side). This kind of test has the advantage of a one-by-one comparison. The obtained results show the relevance of that kind of testing and the obvious similarities of the outcome. Due to the fact that the modules were not new, some aspects had to be checked in advance to get a better understanding of the status of the modules. The following steps were taken:

1. Initial characterization 2. Light soaking (to see if the mod ules are in a stabilized state), including characterization 3. PID testing in several steps with intermediate characteriza tion. Each characterization step usually included a Flash test for performance verification, Electroluminescence (EL) images and insulation resistance tests for safety verification.

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PV MANUFACTURING Light soaking was performed in accordance with IEC 61646 [5] and PID testing was done in a standard damp heat chamber with a temperature setting of 85°C and a relative humidity of 85%. Voltage stress level was set to system voltage (-1000V). Within the PID test steps, the module’s output power was measured without any stabilization steps.

RESULTS This section will show the experimental results based on the individual characterization techniques.

VISUAL INSPECTION Before and after each test step, the modules were visually inspected. Besides some bubble formation and light glass

corrosion, the modules started to show severe TCO corrosion (see Figure 1 right image). This accurately reproduced the findings out of the field and proved the approach to look into TCO corrosion with a damp heat experiment, with an applied high potential between modules active circuitry and the surrounding climate chamber. The image shown in Figure 1 was observed after just 100hours of testing. Further testing increased the affected area.

Flash Testing – Module Performance The Flash testing results are shown in Figure 2 as a function of PID test time. First an incre ase in output power is observed and after approx. 200hours the power started to degrade for modules

1 and 3. Module 2 shows a somewhat different behavior. This will be discussed and explained later. Here it is important to understand that the modules were in a light soaked/stabilized stage in the beginning of the experiment (0 hours).Then two competing effects occurred: 1. TCO corrosion (see Figure 1 right) and 2. Stabler Wronski effect. The second effect will occur at elevated temperatures (typically above 60°C with a significant rate) and will lead to an increase in output power in the beginning of the experiment in the range of 15-25% dependent on solar cell junction design. The TCO corrosion will lead to a power reduction, proportional to the affected area. This is the dominant factor for longer test durations.

Figure 2: Module’s power output during the PID test

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PV MANUFACTURING

EL IMAGING

L images were taken to look into the homogeneity of the module. Bright areas represent active areas with an intact solar cell whereas dark areas ether represent non-active regions like contact scribing, shunts (darks spots) or corroded/degraded/damages absorber areas. Figure 3 shows exemplarily, the same module before and after 100hours of PID testing with obvious findings visible. 1. Top: Dark area around module’s junction box significantly increased 2. Edges of the module got generally darker 3. The number of larger dark spots increased significantly. Note: the tiny dark spots in the left images are not visible due to contrast adjustments.

Figure 3: Electroluminescence images: left: before PID test (0hours) and right after 100hours of PID test

RESULTS OF INSULATION

he insulation resistance of the module was investigated with a dry-high-pot and a wet-leakage current test. Figure 4 plots the trend of the wetleakage resistance as a function of the experimental step. In the first step (light soaking), the modules slightly dry-out and then on resistance, slightly increases. After the first 50hours of damp heat penetration, the highest reduction of resistance is visible but the trend towards lower values continues. IEC 61646 [5] sets, for this kind of module, a lower limit of 40Mohm*m² (for the used modules the lower limit is ~30MOhm). From a normative point of view, the modules still pass the test. But a reduction of a factor of 3 is significant and points towards problems with the edge insulation system that might be caused by bad material, problems in production processes or/and module handling.

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Figure 4: Wet-leakage resistance measured before and after the individual Damp-heat/ PID of three equivalent samples.

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PV MANUFACTURING

DISCUSSION

hile the modules in the insulation resistance display similar behavior, they show a different trend in power loss during the PID test. One module started to degrade much earlier and also did not show the same power increase due to the annealing (high temperature state of a-Si material Stabler-Wronski effect) caused by the 85°C during the damp-heat PID test. To better understand this behav-

ior, the corroded area of each module was measured and plotted for each sample, (Figure 5) after 400hours of PID-test. The left axis represents the corroded area in arbitrary units and the right axis (crosses with line) the measured power loss with respect to the start of the PID test (0hours). Sample #2 that displayed the slightly odd behavior showed much more TCO corrosion and therefore lost much more active area. The higher corrosion rate quickly compensated the power increase due to the Stabler-

Wronski effect. It is therefore concluded that it is very helpful to collect different data points at different stages of the test. Here the combination of visual inspection and Flash-test helped to better understand the power degradation of the module. The collected EL images gave additional insight due to their higher spatial resolution and the possibility to make shunts visible. The darkened area in the EL images also correlated well with the visually observed TCO corrosion.

Figure 5: Powerloss (red) and corroded area (blue) after 400hours of damp heat PID test at -1000V.

SUMMARY his article is a reminder of the importance of high quality project due diligence. This includes the verification of module quality shipped and installed at a specific location. Depending on known failure modules of a certain solar cell technology and the installation location’s weather, a suitable test protocol should be defined and executed. Root cause failure analysis and finally the replacement of thousands of modules is much more costly compared to upfront testing. Based on years of testing and research expertise, UL is equipped to define the protocols for quality assurance. Additionally, advice for root cause failure analysis can be given and tests for the analysis can be performed within UL’s laboratories in India and around the globe. PID is still a major problem in today’s PV modules, nearly independent of the technology. Both c-Si and thin film modules, can exhibit dramatic power losses due to high voltage stress.

July-August 2015

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

Performance Analysis Of Grid Connected Solar Power Projects Commissioned Under Phase – I Of JNNSM For The Period Of January 2014 To December 2014

1 A

Total Grid connected solar power Projects installed capacity under various schemes till date (18.05.2015) is as under:

MNRE Projects

State Schemes

REC

CPSUs

Total

1243

1932.5

582.62

119.51

3877.63

Total Grid connected solar power Projects State wise installed capacity under various schemes till date (18.05.2015) is as under: State/UT

Total MNRE Projects MW

State Policy MW

REC Scheme MW

CPSUs MW

Total Commissioned capacity till 18.05.2015 (MW)

Andhra Pradesh

94.75

105.01

37.7

247.46

Arunachal Pradesh

0.025

Chhattisgarh

0.5

3.1

7.6

Gujarat

974.05

1000.05

Haryana

7.8

12.8

Jharkhand

Karnataka

64.22

78.22

Kerala

0.025

Sr. No.

Madhya Pradesh

185.25

232.55

80.78

563.58

Maharashtra

184.43

121.32

362.75

Odisha

5.42

4.5

31.92

Punjab

10.5

176.25

7.52

194.27

Rajasthan

789.1

193

1047.1

Tamil Nadu

33.82

98.16

147.98

Telangana

39.35

23.4

62.75

Tripura

Uttar Pradesh

43.75

15.51

71.26

Uttarakhand

West Bengal

2.05

5.16

7.21

Andaman & Nicobar

0.1

5.1

Delhi

0.335

2.99

2.14

5.465

Lakshadweep

0.75

Puducherry

0.025

Chandigarh

4.5

Others

0.79

Total

1243

1932.5

582.62

119.51

3877.63

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July-August 2015

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

Month wise Average net exported solar power (Kwh/MW) and CUF (%) for Phase-I

S.no

Month (Jan 2014- Dec 2014)

Average Net Exported Solar Power, kWh/MW Phase-I, Batch-I

CUF (%) PhaseI, Batch-I

Average Net Exported Solar Power, kWh/MW Phase-I, Batch-II

CUF (%) Phase-I, Batch-II

January

87095

11.71

133579

17.95

Feb

97007

14.44

138929

20.67

March

122674

16.49

167663

22.54

April

125562

17.44

170424

23.67

May

158218

21.27

168351

22.63

June

117373

16.3

163306

22.68

July

95749

12.87

148093

19.9

August

103912

13.97

152380

20.48

September

113361

15.74

154815

21.5

October

108104

14.53

154058

20.71

November

88797

12.33

143274

19.9

December

86048

11.57

137534

18.49

Average

108658

14.89

152700

20.92

REMARKS:

t has been observed that solar power generation under Batch-I have lot of variation from CUF11.57 % to 21.27 % and maximum CUF is during month of May 2014. Average CUF is 14.89 % and Average Solar power generation is 108658 KWh/MW. This variation is due to the fact that projects are installed in thirteen States ( State wise analysis is also done and given below)

58Â

July-August 2015

nder Batch-II, there is no such variation of CUF. Minimum CUF is 17.95 % in the month of January. Average CUF is 20.92 % and Average Solar power generation is 152700 KWh/MW. Under Batch II, maximum solar power projects have been installed in the state of Rajasthan and show CUF of more than 20 %.

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

3 A

State wise Average net exported solar power(Kwh/MW) and CUF(%) for Phase-I, Batch-I& Batch-II

Phase-I, Batch-I

S.no

State

Average Net Exported Solar Power, kWh/MW (period jan 2014-Dec 2014)

Average CUF (%) (period jan 2014Dec 2014

Crystalline Technology

Thin Film Technology

Crystalline Technology

Thin Film Technology

Andhra Pradesh

129903

144233

17.81

19.78

C.G.

137320

18.99

Haryana

101848

106745

13.99

14.63

Jharkhand

110982

114033

15.22

15.64

Karnataka

127914

17.59

M.P.

133832

109886

18.36

15.67

Maharashtra

129286

17.73

Odisha

100310

130779

13.77

17.94

Punjab

121610

116941

16.67

16.01

Rajasthan

152198

129752

20.85

17.78

Tamilnadu

122968

124139

16.87

17.01

U.P.

127731

89512

17.49

12.27

Uttarakhand

114400

113906

15.67

15.61

Average

123869

117992.6

16.23

REMARKS:

oth technologies have been used in Batch I.

n MP, Rajasthan and UP, CUF of Crystalline Technology is more than thin film but in A.P., Odisha CUF of thin film is more than Crystalline Technology.

verall CUF of Crystalline Technology is more than thin film technology.

d verage power generation per MW of all above states with Crystalline Technology is more in comparison to thin film technology.

verage % CUF for the stated period of a project with crystalline technology comes to

17.00

verage % CUF for the stated period of a project with thin film technology comes to

16.23

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UF more than 20 % is in the state of Rajasthan.

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT B S.no

State

Phase-I, Batch-II

Average Net Exported Solar Power, Average CUF (%) (period jan kWh/MW (period jan 2014-Dec 2014) 2014- Dec 2014 “Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

“Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

Rajasthan

152958

158360

20.96

21.7

Maharashtra

111052

15.25

A.P.

155414

21.31

Average

152958

141608

20.96

19.42

REMARKS:

hin film is producing more power per MW in the state of Rajasthan. No other comparison can be made because projects with same technology are not available in other states.

T 4 A

Technology wise Average net exported solar power(Kwh/MW) and CUF(%) for Phase-I, Batch-I & Batch-II

Batch-I Phase-I

S.no

Month

Average Net Exported Solar Power (kWh/MW)

Avg CUF %

For Year 2014

“Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

“Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

January

16.95

14.62

127865

110302

Feb

19.19

16.59

131038

114035

March

21.72

18.7

164415

141144

April

21.67

18.78

158121

137383

May

21.77

18.15

162891

137102

June

21.51

17.67

154686

129269

July

18.13

14.79

139026

111735

August

19.08

15.2

143172

115038

September

18.71

16.43

136356

123972

October

18.28

16.06

138763

121185

November

18.64

14.47

135383

105755

December

16.76

13.98

126150

105655

Average

19.36

16.28

143155

121047

REMARKS: 60

n Batch II, Average CUF is 20 % because maximum solar power projects have been installed in the state of Rajasthan

July-August 2015

verall in Phase I, Average power generation per MW with crystalline technology is higher than thin film.

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

Batch-II Phase-I

S.no

Month

Average Net Exported Solar Power (kWh/MW)

Avg CUF %

For Year 2014

“Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

“Crystalline Technology”

Thin Film Technology

January

17.55

18.95

131583

142758

Feb

21.56

21.41

145827

146255

March

23.51

23.23

176018

174177

April

24.54

24.49

177696

178228

May

23.38

23.54

175054

175930

June

23.06

23.61

171400

175054

July

20.49

20.75

153674

155686

August

21.36

21.26

159495

160182

September

22.29

22.37

162353

161630

October

21.41

164937

160808

November

21.25

20.63

153956

149055

December

20.02

18.99

150064

142718

Average

21.75

21.72

160171

160206

REMARKS:

verage power generation per MW with both technologies is nearly same because maximum projects are in Rajasthan

n month of January, power generation per MW with thin film is higher than crystalline technology.

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July-August 2015

SOLAR ROOFTOP & OFF GRID

Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co Ltd Successfully Commissioned 50 kWp Roof Top Power Plant

Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co Ltd (E&E Division, Power Infrastructure & Renewable Energy vertical) is pleased to announce the successful commissioning of state-of-the-art 50kWp solar roof top installation in Pune. This plant issuccessfullygenerating power and is located in the heart of the city.

he project is unique in nature for special innovative elevated structures with string inverters being used. The modules are of reputed MNRE Indian make, while the Invertersare of European make. Features of Solar Power Plant :» » » » » »

July-August 2015

Polycrystalline solar Modules. 100 % Safety measure- DC Disconnect, Lightening Arrestor, SPD etc. String Inverters – 3 Nos Expected generation - approx. 71,000 kWh/ year. Considerable lowering of grid utility bills. Remote monitoring of power plant.

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PR DUCTS ET Solar Group (ET Solar), a leading renewable energy equipment provider, announces that it has launched new generation AC Modules at PV Japan 2015.

In cooperation with Northern Electric and Power (NEP), a company dedicated to providing state-of-the-art solar inverter products.

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T Solar has developed new generation AC Modules that are fully integrated with the NEP’s BDM-300 micro inverters. With only 25mm in thickness, this micro inverter is currently considered to be the thinnest product in its class around the world. ET Solar’s AC Module system offers up to 25% more power yield than conventional PV systems utilizing string or central inverters, minimizing system shading loss due to trees and other obstructions on or near residential and commercial roofs, while reducing up to 50% of the PV system design and installation cost. “Japan added around 10GW of new PV capacity in 2014, making it the second largest PV market in the world, and we are fully confident of the market prospects and are devoted to providing superior solar products and service in Japan,” Patrick Guo, Vice President of ET Solar, commented. “With NEP’s cutting-edge technologies and industry-leading solar inverters, our new generation AC modules will play a very meaningful role in the Japanese PV market.” “We are very excited to work with ET Solar. ET Solar is a global leading solar module manufacturer. Particularly, ET Solar is a pioneer and the largest AC module supplier of the past several years globally. ET Solar has gained a lot of precious experience on AC modules and has a lot of AC module customers. By working together, I believe that we can offer our customers in Japan top quality and the most secure products.” -Dr. Jing Wang, CEO of NEP “Japan’s residential market is huge and still growing. Micro inverters do not have uninterrupted high DC voltage, while other inverters have uninterrupted high DC voltage on roofs all the time. Safety is always our first concern. NEP’s micro inverter has been certified and can be sold throughout Japan. Together with ET Solar we can serve our customers better.” -Mr. Nakamura, CEO of NEP Japan

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS Fluke displays New 500 Series Battery Analyzers at Intersolar North America Conference

luke Corporation, the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s leading supplier of handheld digital multimeters and other test and measurement equipment, displayed its new 500 Series Battery Analyzers at Intersolar North America Conference in San Francisco. Batteries are the mainstay of solar power storage systems and require regular testing to ensure their reliability. The new Fluke 500 Series Battery Analyzers simplify the workflow of testing stationary batteries and battery banks through an intuitive user interface that provides quick guided test setups, ensuring technicians are capturing the correct data while visual and audio feedback cues reduce the risk of errors. The Fluke 500 Series is ideal for testing and maintaining battery storage systems wherever solar power is in use.

The rugged, compact 500 Series Battery Analyzers perform all key measurements, including battery resistance, DC and AC voltage, DC and AC current (Fluke BT521 model only), ripple voltage, frequency and battery temperature (BT521 only). 500 Series Battery Analyzers have been specifically designed for measurements on stationary batteries, including GEL, AGM (absorbed glass MAT), lithium-ion and wet-cell lead-acid batteries. The 500 Series intelligent test probes streamline the testing process by displaying measurement results on their integrated LCD displays, eliminating the need for technicians to stop and look at the mainframe. Technicians can capture voltage readings and temperature logging automatically or via the integrated Save button, simplifying and speeding up the test process.

The probes feature infrared temperature measurement (BT521 only), tri-color LED for pass/fail/ warning indications and audio feedback. The analyzers include a convenient magnetic hanging strap with shoulder strap and an innovative carrying harness that reduces fatigue while measuring long battery strings. They also include simple, yet powerful, reporting and analysis tools that manage large volumes of data to produce analysis graphics and data tables on a PC or create quick email format reports with CSV files

Eguana Exhibits AC Battery at Intersolar North America

E 64Â

guana Technologies Inc a technology leader in power conversion and control systems for distributed, grid edge energy storage systems, has showcase its residential energy storage AC Battery at the Intersolar North America Conference at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. The AC Battery is a pre-integrated and fully certified energy storage system which requires only a grid connection and a dispatch signal to provide a fully functional and durable energy storage installation to the consumer.

July-August 2015

The AC Battery provides maximum flexibility for system aggregators which want to deploy it as part of new solar storage installations or as a retrofit to solar PV installations already in place.

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PR DUCTS

Ecoprogetti during Intersolar North America has discovered solutions and equipment for PV module assembly Every year the photovoltaic industry is making important steps to improve the efficiency, products, integration and reliability. Also we at Ecoprogetti follow this trend with a continuous evolution of our products. From one side we design new solutions to make the production process more simple and reliable, and from the other side we study and develop concepts in order to work with the latest technologies available on the market. Solutions have been developed to permit 4/5 bus bar soldering, lamination design studied for architectural modules

and long pulse simulators using LED’s as light source to test high efficiency cells in an optimal way. A key word in Ecoprogetti’s philosophy has always been flexibility, and the last months we have been pushing this limit even further by producing equipment and accessories able to work with customized sizes of modules. In particular we have given focus to special kits to handle a fully automatic soldering of cut solar cells in the standard stringer machines

for modules of small dimension and at the same time we have also developed a LED based simulator to test modules with length up to 3.4 meters.

Trina Announces Launch of Trinaswitch in North America

T Trinaswitch is the only smart module on the market with upgradeable functionality such as string flexibility and advanced optimization performance features. Trinaswitch modules are NEC 2014 690.12 compliant. They meet the 2014 NEC Rapid Shutdown safety standards which is now required in more than 24 states. By 2017, nearly all US states will be required to meet this standard.

rina Solar a global leader in photovoltaic modules, solutions, and services, today announced the North America launch of Trinaswitch, the next generation of smart solar modules. This module provides innovative new technology built into the junction box, allowing a more seamless integration for safety and compliance. “Trinaswitch is a continuation of Trina Solar’s product strategy in adding smart functionality to solar photovoltaic modules to reduce the balance of system cost, boost system safety and ultimately reduce costs to end users,” said Jing Tian, Trina Solar’s Head of Global Marketing. Trinaswitch smart modules are constantly monitoring PV module parameters such as over voltage, over temperature and over current. The smart module will enter PV-Safe mode if a safety hazard is detected and reported to the Cloud Connect. The Cloud Connect will decide whether there is a local threat that can be avoided by shutting down a single module, or if there is a potential system safety hazard and PV-Safe mode is needed for the entire system.

“The gold standard for PV safety is a module-level control device that can detect, interrupt and annunciate faults, and automatically be shut down to a safe level when needed.”

-Matthew Paiss, Fire Captain, San Jose Fire Department

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July-August 2015

PR DUCTS LG Launches Enhanced NeON™ 2 Solar Panel In United States

y nics toda o r t c le E LG d tha t its e c n u o n an tive a nd a v o n in t mos r power la o s t n efficie G ver, the L e m e t s y s il il l be ava w , 2 N O Ne U nited e h t in le ab Aug ust. Sta tes in

emonstrated here in advance of the Intersolar North America trade show, the LG NeON 2 is equipped with newly developed LG “Cello” technology. The innovative Cello technology consists of 12 thin wires instead of three busbars, which offers significantly improved performance and reliability even over the original NeON™ high-performance solar panel. For its “groundbreaking idea and technological innovation,” the LG NeON 2 was recognized last month with the Intersolar Europe Photovoltaics Award. Also new from LG Solar this fall in the United States is the “Mono X® NeON 72,” the all-new series of 72-cell solar modules, ideally suited for commercial installations. In addition to traditional rooftop installations, leading applications will include carports and space-constrained ground mounts. Two models will be available, designed to deliver high-efficiency output of up to 360 and 365 watts respectively, in a giant 77- by 39-inch panel. This new series builds on the success of LG’s award-winning 60-cell Mono X NeON that uses LG’s N-Type double-sided cell structure that allows the light reflected from the rear of the module to be reabsorbed, also generating additional power.

Cello Technology Advances Solar Performance with NeON 2

Neon 2 Means Seamless Installation And More Efficient Performance

The flagship LG NeON 2 produces superior power performance with less hassle, creating new standards of quality within the solar power market. Cello — which stands for Cell Connection, Electrically, Low Loss, Low Stress and Optical Absorption Enhancement — utilizes circular-shaped wires to scatter light more effectively for better absorption, while reducing the electrical loss by spreading the current with 12 cell busbars. “The LG NeON 2 combines a new level of performance and flexibility for both home and business owners seeking to gain energy independence,” said Ellen Kim, senior vice president of LG Electronics USA’s Energy Solutions business. “With this latest breakthrough product, LG continues to stay one step ahead in the industry, exemplifying the kind of innovation required to help alleviate today’s environmental challenges.”The NeON 2 is ideal for homeowners who want to maximize the energy production potential within a limited rooftop space. The 320W NeON 2 boasts 6.4 kWp capacity with 20 modules (60 cells) while the capacity of a 285W p-type Mono with the same number of modules generates only 5.7 kWp and the capacity of a 255W p-type Poly with the same number of modules generates only 5.1kWp.

LG’s highly efficient panel allows for seamless installation in a module array on the roof regardless of its surrounding environment. Due to the special benefits it provides, the NeON 2 is suitable for installation in large-scale systems as its 60 cells can achieve higher power output than some 72-cell modules. “Balance of System” features have been incorporated into the NeON 2 to reduce the total number of strings, based on its higher efficiency and lower voltage. As a result of the improved temperature coefficient of the LG NeON 2, it can generate more electricity on a sunny day and even performs more efficiently on cloudy days. Whereas conventional p-type modules suffer from Light Induced Degradation (LID), the NeON 2 modules use n-type Multi-Wire Busbar (MWB) cells for increased performance and reliability. As a result, the annual degradation has been reduced by a maximum of 2 percent in the first year and not more than 0.6 percent in the following 24 years. This means that users will receive at least 83.6 percent of the initial output after 25 years, as opposed to 81.2 percent from previous generations. Moreover, given the NeON 2’s improved firmness, which is a result of a reinforced frame design, LG has extended the product warranty to 12 full years.

July-August 2015

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PR DUCTS Locus Energy Launches PVIQ Excel Datalink at Intersolar North America

Locus Energy ®, a solar monitoring and data analytics platform provider for the distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) market, today announced the launch of PVIQ Excel Datalink, a software tool that provides direct access to performance data within Excel® spreadsheets. The new tool allows asset owners and operators to easily analyze large datasets and to help ensure that solar PV assets are performing optimally. Excel Datalink is the newest element of Locus’ PVIQ Suite ®, a set of optimization tools that provides fleet managers with a much-needed means of evaluating performance of solar PV assets and identifying specific performance drivers. PVIQ Excel Datalink allows users to automate the analysis and presentation of key performance data directly in Microsoft Excel. By making data queries directly from a spreadsheet workbook, fleet owners and operators can dramatically reduce the time required to prepare periodic performance reports. With PVIQ Excel Datalink, users can draw data from a wide range of

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performance models, augmenting users’ ability to accurately analyze PV assets. “With the launch of PVIQ Excel Datalink, customers will be able to significantly reduce the amount of valuable hours used for sifting through and analyzing complex data, as we have now automated that process,” said Michael Herzig, CEO of Locus Energy. “We are excited to offer this very flexible tool, as it will allow users to increase efficiency and reduce costs, as we have seen with one of our key partners, SOLV.” Locus has been working with SOLV® (System Operations Live View), a division of Swinerton Renewable Energy, a solar PV O&M provider that manages utility-scale and commercial fleets, to integrate the PVIQ Excel Datalink and other elements of the PVIQ Suite. Locus Energy’s analytic tools have simplified reporting and managing operations for SOLV, reducing operating costs and increasing production. Since introducing Locus’ data analytics software one year

ago, SOLV has reported saving close to 60 hours per quarter per 20-megawatt plant by using Locus’ customized PVIQ Excel Datalink to help ensure that solar PV assets are working properly. The time-savings have allowed SOLV to devote additional resources to optimizing plant performance and performing preventive maintenance. In addition to reducing time in the field, PVIQ Excel Datalink has also helped SOLV reduce the number of hours devoted to routine reporting by 40 percent, and the time allotted to the management of performance guarantees by 20 percent. “Since we have integrated PVIQ Excel Datalink into our systems, our analytics team has been able to easily develop detailed customized reports on a wide range of operating factors,” said George Hershman, VP and Division Manager for Swinerton Renewable Energy. “This has not only significantly reduced the amount of time required to manually compile data, but we are also no longer bound by standard data reports.”

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS Yingli unveils new 1,500 V utility-scale solar panel

New Panel Improves System Performance and Reduces Balanceof-System Costs in PV Power Plants

ingli Green Energy one of the world’s leading solar panel manufacturers, today announced that it is one of the first PV manufacturers to develop a framed utility-scale solar panel designed for a maximum system voltage of 1500 Volts (V). This new product has been displayed at the Intersolar North America trade show in San Francisco, Designed specifically for use in utility-scale PV power plants, the new panel improves system performance and reduces balance-of-system costs. Compatible with most tracking and mounting systems, it is among the first 1500V solar panels to include an aluminum frame. An extra layer of protective coating on the solar cells ensures high resistance to Potential Induced Degradation (PID). “Due to its 1500V maximum system voltage, our new utility-scale panel drives balance-of-system savings by decreasing the required number of home run cables, combiner boxes, and fuses. The higher maximum system voltage also improves performance by reducing resistive losses, thus increasing system-level energy yield,” commented Dr. Dengyuan Song, Chief Technology Officer of Yingli Green Energy.

“This new utility-scale panel was developed in direct response to our partners’ requests for 1500V solar PV solutions, which we expect will soon become industry-standard. “We are proud to be among the first PV manufacturers that are able to meet this demand.” - Mr. Liansheng Miao, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Yingli Green Energy.

July-August 2015

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PR DUCTS

Eaton Showcased Expanded Range of Power Management Solutions for Solar and Energy Storage Systems at Intersolar North America

“Eaton’s solutions and expert engineering services are helping customers across the globe meet the energy demands of tomorrow.”“Our expertise helps customers establish renewable energy systems with the flexibility, reliability and scalability to anticipate growth, while optimizing power generation and return on investment.”

ower management company Eaton has showcase an expanded range of electrical balance of system (BOS) solutions for utility, commercial, and OEM solar customers at Intersolar North America 2015, at the Moscone Center in San Francisco, California. Eaton will also deliver a presentation on deploying utilityscale solar and energy storage systems at the event, and is in contention with NRG Renew to win the annual Intersolar North America Award for its work on the solar installation at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino Convention Center in Las Vegas.

- John Vernacchia, global segment manager for renewable energy at Eaton.

Eaton has showcase an expanded portfolio of electrical BOS solutions for solar and energy storage applications at the show, including: »

Power Xpert Solar 1500- and 1670-kilowatt (kW) inverters, which enable a skid-less inverter station design to reduce equipment requirements and installation costs Power Xpert grid-connect energy storage inverter that is designed to increase electrical resiliency in utility-scale applications, and work seamlessly with a wide variety of battery chemistries to store and transmit power when needed Eaton’s Cooper Power series high-efficiency transformers with overcurrent protection devices, for transformers up to 38 kilovolts (kV), which are designed to dramatically reduce maintenance and downtime Smart VFI underground distribution switchgear is designed to easily integrate into grid-tie

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generation systems »

Power Xpert Solar 1000 volts (v) direct current (DC) breaker recombiner tested by Underwriter Laboratories (UL) and certified to meet UL 1741 standards for safe and reliable operation in grid-tied applications

Eaton’s Crouse-Hinds series aluminum string circuit capable combiners and wire harnesses use proprietary interconnection technology to allow for multiple options to support disconnecting means, surge protection, monitoring and other custom requirements

Eaton’s Bussmann series Blade and bolt-on 1000v DC NH PV Fuses specifically designed for protecting and isolating array combiners/recombiners, disconnects and inverters

An extensive range of PVGard solar circuit breakers and switch solutions up to 1500v DC designed to help customers reduce design, installation, maintenance and inventory costs while saving space, enhancing safety and reliability, and maximizing energy harvest

Additionally, Eaton has showcase the capabilities of its Electrical Engineering Services and Systems Division, one of the largest and most experienced team of power system engineers in the industry. The expert team provides a comprehensive portfolio of services tailored for every stage of a power system’s life cycle, whether design, build or support.

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS

KACO new energy Debuts 1500 KVA Inverter Optimized with Ampt

KACO new energy, one of the world’s largest solar inverter manufacturers with more than 8 gigawatts (GW) of photovoltaic (PV) inverters in the field, today announced its new blueplanet 1500 TL3 with Ampt Mode®. Used in combination with Ampt String Optimizers, the blueplanet 1500 TL3 achieves a 50 percent increase in rated output power, thereby lowering the specific cost of a system inverter solution by 33 percent.

he blueplanet 1500 TL3 with Ampt Mode is a 1500 kVA transformerless solar inverter with protection class IP 54/NEMA 3R for outdoor use. The inverter is also available as part of a 3000 kVA integrated power station (IPS). The IPS 3000 TR3 with Ampt Mode includes inverters, medium voltage transformers and SCADA equipment mounting – as well as optional equipment, such as auxiliary power for tracker motors, and external DC and AC disconnects that are mounted together on a single base plate (or “skid”) to create a ready-to-use utilityscale solution. Both the blueplanet 1500 TL inverter and the IPS 3000 TR3 station are deployed with DC String Optimizers from Ampt LLC. “By partnering with Ampt, KACO new energy has created a solution with the lowest installed cost and smallest balance-ofsystem (BOS) requirements available in the market today,” said Bill Reaugh, senior director of product management at KACO

new energy. “PV systems cost less when designed using the blueplanet 1500 TL3 along with Ampt String Optimizers. Both inverter and electrical BOS costs are reduced.” Inverter costs are reduced because Ampt String Optimizers put MPP tracking as well as voltage and current output limits on each string of PV modules. This enables KACO new energy’s blueplanet 1500 TL3 inverters to operate with a higher and narrower input voltage range. This optimized input range allows each inverter to deliver 50 percent more power. Increasing the rated output power lowers the inverter cost per watt. Electrical BOS costs are lower because of the voltage and current output limits of Ampt String Optimizers. This feature allows up to two times the number of PV modules per string compared to conventional systems. This reduces the number of strings and combiner boxes as well as the associated labor by 50 percent. In utility-scale systems, the medium voltage AC network costs are reduced due to a smaller number of PV power stations. Increasing the size of a standard PV “block” from 2 MVA to 3 MVA reduces the number of medium voltage AC connections by 33 percent on a given PV project. “PV systems using the blueplanet 1500 TL3 inverter with Ampt String Optimizers benefit from higher resolution MPPT to produce more energy than conventional systems, because the DC optimizers place MPP tracking at the string level,” said Evan Vogel, vice president of sales and marketing at Ampt. “This increased energy, combined with lower cost, provides the lowest levelized cost of energy and the best possible return on PV investments.” Both KACO new energy and Ampt are founding members of the HDPV Alliance, a commercially-focused network of companies working together to improve PV system return on investment. HDPV, or High Definition PV, uses defined standards, tested compatibility and shared best practices to enable members across the PV value chain to deliver products and services that improve the economics of PV systems using DC optimizers.

KACO new energy’s blueplanet 1500 TL3 inverters are compatible with HDPV Alliance standards.

July-August 2015

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PR DUCTS S:Flex introduces its 12-kit PV mounting package for pitched roofs

S:Flex, Inc., a US-based manufacturer of racking solutions for photovoltaic rooftop and ground mount systems and trading partner for wholesalers and installers, now offers its new, costeffective, mounting package for framed PV modules called the 12-Kit.

he S:Flex 12-Kit includes all components required for 12 framed photovoltaic modules in portrait, conveniently packaged in a secure compact box. This allows for a hasslefree installation of all common module array combinations on pitched roofs. Pre-assembled parts such as universal height-adjustable Module Clamps - with the patented ‘click-technology’ – and rail sizes for modules up to a width of 40.3”, reduce the time on the roof. Furthermore, every S:Flex 12-Kit contains the innovative, tool-free, UL-certified Bonding Splice. It allows for one, quick and easy step to integrate mechanical and electrical splicing between rails. The pre-assembled Bonding Splice simply slides into the rails. No additional expensive bonding

jumpers or grounding lugs are required. It can be used for all roof types including composite shingles, roof tiles or corrugated metal sheets on various roof substructures like wooden trusses or steel beams. Each S:Flex 12-Kit is perfectly adapted for location-specific wind, snow, and seismic load requirements. Pre-stamped letters are available and meet or exceed IBC 2012 standards and are compliant with all current codes and standards. The pre-packaged, S:Flex 12-Kits are readily available at S:Flex and at their distribution partners. Orders placed before 12 PM will leave the same day. The shorter rails ensure compact package size, extremely low shipping costs and easy storage

HiQ Solar Announces New TrueString 208V Inverter, and New TrueString Ballast Mounting Solution

ollowing enthusiastic customer acceptance of the award-winning TrueString 480V 3-phase PV inverter, HiQ Solar today announces an additional model serving the needs of the commercial 208V market, the TrueString TS208-5k75. The new member of the TrueString™ family has the same class-leading features, small size and rugged NEMA6 packaging, with an output power of 5.75 kWac at 208V. It offers the same ability as the 480V TrueString to comply with the NEC 2014 Rapid Shut Down requirement simply and easily through under-array mounting. Because of its rugged enclosure and avoidance of electrolytic capacitors internally, the new product is also ideal for tough solar installations in high altitude, desert or salt environments. It will ship in Q4 this year.

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Today HiQ Solar also announces a new solution for costeffectively ballastmounting TrueString inverters under arrays of PV modules for the ultimate in space - ef ficiency and NEC 2014 Rapid Shut Down compliance. Available as a kit for easy on-site assembly, the MNTTS1-01 contains recycled rubber roof protection pads with smooth edges that eliminate the risk of roof damage.

“We’ve had a lot of requests for a 208V version, and we’ve responded.” -Dr. Lutz Henckels, CEO, HiQ Solar.

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS

ABB highlights comprehensive solar portfolio at Intersolar North America

ABB demonstrates the industry’s broadest solar value proposition with the largest product portfolio, while launching new rapid shutdown devices for inverters, WiFi logger cards and solar pump drives.

ABB, the solar industry’s leading technology solutions provider, is unveiling new solar technologies and best practices at Intersolar North America 2015. rom sun to socket, ABB has one of the most comprehensive offerings in the solar industry. Products on display included the industry leading string inverters for the commercial and residential markets as well as its central inverters for utility scale projects. ABB also showcased a full line of low voltage components, electric vehicle charging products, substations and transformers, and enterprise software for accurately forecasting sun patterns and collecting data, as well as the latest in microgrids and energy storage. Featured technologies at Intersolar NA include: »»

Rapid Shutdown Devices for String Inverters – The ABB Rapid Shutdown box is a low-cost, NEC 2014 compliant accessory that simplifies the code compliance of residential solar. The box can mount directly to the PV panel mounting rail.

July-August 2015

»»

WiFi Logger Card – ABB is introducing its new VSN300 WiFi Logger Card for PV system management, monitoring and control.

»»

Solar Pump Drives – ABB is introducing a new ACS355 Solar Pump Drive, using ABB solar inverter technology, to the US market. These pumps use solar power to pump water throughout a sunny day and are ideal for remote-access farmland, providing a dependable water supply.

»»

ABB Low Voltage Products – ABB’s Low Voltage Products business, along with Thomas & Betts, is offering a full line of solar converter protection and solar farm connection products, including new technology in circuit breaker and lightning protection solutions.

»»

ABB has partnered with Intersolar North America for the last several years, and we are pleased to again play a major role in this important industry event,” said Bob Stojanovic, director of solar power solutions in North America for ABB. “This year we’re demonstrating for solar distributors, installers, developers and operators what is now possible across the board – ‘from Sun to Socket’ – and what is proven for making operational decisions, forecasts and reliable grid connections.”

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PR DUCTS

CyboEnergy Shows Time-Based Grid Power Injection with Groundbreaking On/Off-Grid CyboInverters at Intersolar CyboEnergy, Inc., the developer of the world’s first solar power Mini-Inverter that possesses the key merits of both central inverters and microinverters, show case gridflexible renewable power generation system at Intersolar in San Francisco, California.

“The grid load supply and demand challenges can be mitigated by utilizing energy storage to level the ‘belly’ and ‘arch.’ At Intersolar, we are showing a simple solution to allow grid-tie inverters to pull power from batteries and send AC to the grid during peak hours.” - Dr. George Cheng, CEO, CYBO ENERGY

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he system includes two daisy-chained On/Off-Grid CyboInverters that can operate in either on-grid or off-grid mode. CyboEnergy is also showing a time-based grid power injection capability of the system, where energy stored in batteries can be sent to the grid during peak power hours to help grid stability. The rapid growth of solar energy deployment causes major challenges to grid stability known in the industry as “The Duck Curve.” On an average day, the grid can run into the risk of over-generation from 11am to 5pm, and then the need to ramp generation quickly from 5pm to 8pm as solar drops off. These curves produce a “belly” appearance and then ramp up to an “arch” similar to the neck of a sitting duck, hence the industry moniker “The Duck Curve.” According to the study by California Independent System Operator (ISO), if California meets the 33% renewable energy goal for grid power by 2020, power plants must be able to ramp up 13,000MW of generation within 3 hours in late afternoon to meet the demand. This will be a huge challenge to the current infrastructure.

The unique multiple input channel design of the CyboInverter product family offers seamless integration of renewable energy sources including: solar, wind, fuelcell, hydro, and batteries. CyboEnergy’s technologies will be useful in integrating battery storage in residential, commercial, and microgrid applications, implementing on-demand grid power injection, demandresponse pricing, and power arbitrage. CyboEnergy is working with industry leaders and utility companies to implement demand-based power injection functions where a large number of on-grid and on/off-grid CyboInverters can send power to the grid based on commands from the grid dispatch center.

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS Bonfiglioli Receives UL-Certification For Inverters with Ampt Mode® Bonfiglioli Vectron GmbH today announced that it has received UL1741/ IEEE1547/IEEE1547.A compliance certification from ETL/Intertek for its RPS inverters with Ampt Mode® for the North American solar market.

The turnkey inverter solution is now available in output powers ranging from 500 kVA to 3,500 kVA for 1000 volt DC systems – making it the industry’s largest power station to meet UL 1741 standards.

“We are pleased to achieve UL certification to meet the demands of our customers installing systems where this is a requirement.“With this certification, our North American customers are able to realize lower cost systems with better performance.” - Robert Lenke, Head of Product Management, Bonfiglioli’s Renewables Business Unit

July-August 2015

he Ampt Mode variant of Bonfiglioli inverters refers to a higher and narrower input voltage operating range that makes it possible for the RPS inverters to deliver up to 25 percent more power than the same inverter without Ampt Mode, depending on plant conditions. Getting more power from the inverter lowers its cost per watt. Bonfiglioli RPS inverters with Ampt Mode are deployed with Ampt String Optimizers – which are DC power converters that put voltage and current limits, as well as multiple maximum power point trackers (MPPT), on each string. This optimized system has twice the number of modules per string and half the number of combiners and cabling to save on electrical balance-of-system costs. The solution also has four maximum power point trackers (MPPT) per string, which is a 100x increase in resolution over conventional systems, to improve photovoltaic (PV) plant performance. Bonfiglioli has been designing and developing innovative and reliable power transmission and control solutions for over 50 years, and is a worldwide leader in commercial and utility-scale PV solar inverter solutions with over 2.5 GW installed.

“This is an important milestone for Ampt and our partnership with Bonfiglioli. “It’s a pleasure working with a world class company like Bonfiglioli to deliver differentiated value to our customers.” - Levent Gun, CEO Ampt.

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PR DUCTS

SMA Offers Unmatched Choice for Batteries SMA Solar Technology AG (SMA) is the only inverter manufacturer to collaborate with nearly all of the world’s leading manufacturers of stationary battery-storage systems. SMA inverters are thus qualified for use with various battery technologies, thereby helping create sustainable technical solutions to integrate batteries into PV systems of all output capacities.

he expansion of photovoltaic applications with storage systems is an area that is making great strides entering the global photovoltaic markets,” said Volker Wachenfeld, Executive Vice President of SMA’s Off-Grid and Storage business unit. “As an inverter manufacturer and PV system solutions provider, from residentialscale systems to power plants, we are working to ensure that our inverters are compatible with every battery technology available now and with those of the future. This gives customers the certainty that, with SMA inverters, they’ll

always have the battery best suited to their applications, both today and tomorrow. This diversity in terms of supported battery-storage systems is thus far unmatched,” continued Wachenfeld. “For PV system operators, integrating optimally suited batteries into their PV systems means even greater reliability, the ability to make more accurate calculations and offers more flexible access to self-generated solar power, and therefore greater independence from rising energy costs.”

SMA is working with the biggest and most innovative battery manufacturers worldwide. GNB Industrial Power/ Exide Technologies GmbH and Hoppecke, both offering storage solutions of any kind, including large storage systems for control energy applications, as well as BAE Batterien are among the lead-acid battery manufacturers. Samsung SDI, LG-Chem, Sony, Saft and BYD are on the list of major Li-ion cell and battery manufacturers. SMA is also working with start-ups and successful Li-ion battery system manufacturers including AKASOL, ads-tec, BMZ – The Innovation Group, Liacon, Leclanché, ECC-Schletter, Hoppecke and Super-B. In the field of high-temperature battery technology, Fiamm, with its sodium-nickel chloride battery (ZEBRA battery), is a leading player and an SMA partner, alongside Gildemeister energy storage GmbH with the CellCube, a market leader in vanadium redox flow batteries. SMA also partners with battery manufacturer Aquion, who has brought their safe and environmentally friendly Aqueous Hybrid Ion (AHI) technology to full series-production. This means SMA offers users a degree of choice never before seen when it comes to using the right battery.

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In addition to the batteries made by the manufacturers listed above, the Sunny Island battery inverter can be used with every lead-acid battery available worldwide thanks to its integrated Battery Management System (BMS). Furthermore, as a result of the standard interface between battery and inverter, SMA is open to collaborating with other battery manufacturers

July-August 2015

PR DUCTS Suntech Solar Cell Efficiency Climbs To A New High

Wuxi Suntech, a subsidiary of Shunfeng International Clean Energy, Ltd. , has achieved a new round of efficiency breakthroughs for its silicon solar cells.

he Hypro modules that use these solar cells, together with Sunways inverters, will contribute significantly to the optimized and integrated EPC solar solutions that SFCE is rolling out around the world. Tested by the National Center of Supervision and Inspection on Solar Photovoltaic Products Quality, the conversion efficiencies of Suntech’s monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar cells have reached yields as high as 20.82% and 19.11% respectively, positioning Suntech as a leader in the global photovoltaic industry. These advances come only two months after Suntech first introduced its high-efficiency HyPro monocrystalline silicon cells, which at the time had a 20.5% efficiency yield. Suntech’s HyPro is available in 60 cell and 72 cell modules with 290W and 330W output power respectively, which represent an average of 20W power increase, or 7.4% and 6.5% respectively, above the industry standards, thus marking Suntech’s HyPro module as one of the most superior panels in the solar market.

As part of the SFCE group, Suntech and other subsidiaries are in the unique position to achieve even greater output in electricity generation through leveraging technological synergies. The group’s EPC solution, led by Suntech’s fellow SFCE subsidiary SAG, offers clients a one-stop shop for EPC needs, connecting up-stream PV manufacturing and down-stream solar services and plant development, creating comprehensive and integrated solar solutions. Coupling Suntech’s new high-efficiency modules with Sunways’s inverters delivers 3% more electricity generation. Moreover, SFCE’s EPC solutions deliver additional output yields of over 20% when used alongside Sunways’ Smart Linkage Tracker, and an additional 3% from the use of meteocontrol’s O&M systems. Through the full integration and synergy of SFCE’s comprehensive solar technologies spanning the entire solar value chain, the group can increase EPC customers’ investment returns by 3%.

July-August 2015

As a subsidiary of SFCE, Suntech makes use of its robust financial backing and resiliency to strengthen product quality and reduce costs all while injecting capital into R&D. Suntech provides world-class anti-PID products that boast high performance yields with enhanced low-light performance, and is devoted to reducing the generation costs of modules. Meanwhile, under its strong management team, Suntech is strengthening relationships in key markets, sourcing valuable partnerships and expanding its project portfolios as a means to enhance its presence and generate more value to its clients.

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CONFERENCE & EVENTS

Solar 2015

Asia-

POWER-GEN Asia 2015

Date: 24-25 Aug 2015 Place: Shanghai, China Organiser: Aiexpo Tel.: +86 21 36411819 Email: info@aiexpo.com.cn Web.: www.asiasolar.net

Date: 01-03Sep2015 Place: Bangkok, Thailand Organiser: Pennwell Tel.: +44 1992 656610 Email: exhibitpga@pennwell.com Web.: www.powergenasia.com

2015 Asia Pacific Resilience Innovation Summit & Expo

Intersolar South America 2015

Date: 24-26 Aug 2015 Place: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA Organiser: Techconnect Tel.: +1 512 6978849 Email: wenning@techconnect.org Web.: islandsconnect.com

Date: 01-03Sep2015 Place: SĂŁo Paulo, Brazil Organiser: Intersolar Tel.: +49 7231 58598-207 Email: engelhard@solarpromotion.com Web.: www.intersolar.net.br

Solar Asia 2015

Date: 09-11Sep2015 Place: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Organiser: Wesexpo Tel.: +86 10 65262861 Email: vanessa_wong@wesexpo.com.cn Web.: www.ecobuildsea.com

Solar Asia 2015

Date: 14-17Sep2015 Place: Anaheim, California, USA Organiser: SPI Tel.: +1 703 7389460 Email: info@solarpowerinternational.com Web.: www.solarpowerinternational.com

SEMICON Taiwan 2015 Power Purchase Agreement 2015 Date: 24-27 Aug 2015 Place: Johannesburg, South Africa Organiser: Infocus International Tel.: +65 6325 0274 Email: reanne@infocusinternational.com Web.: www.infocusinternational.com/ppa

ESER Expo 2015

Date: 26-28 Aug 2015 Place: Shenzhen, China Organiser: ESER Tel.: +86 755 83165556 Email: eserexpo@eserexpo.com Web.: www.eserexpo.com

Power & Energy Africa - Tanzania 2015 Date: 27-29 Aug 2015 Place: Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Organiser: EXPOGROUP Tel.: +971 50 6285684 Email: response@expogr.com Web.: www.expogr.com/tanzania/powerenergy/

Date: 02-04Sep2015 Place: Taipei, Taiwan Organiser: SEMI Tel.: +886 3 5601777-101 Email: ali@semi.org Web.: www.semicontaiwan.org

PV Expo Osaka

Date: 02-04Sep2015 Place: Osaka, Japan Organiser: Reedexpo Tel.: +81 3 33498519 Email: pr-eng.wsew@reedexpo.co.jp Web.: www.pvexpo-kansai.jp

Mostra Convegno Expocomfort Asia 2015 Date: 02-04Sep2015 Place: Singapore, Singapore Organiser: Reedexpo Tel.: +65 6780 4658 Email: mce-asia@reedexpo.com.sg Web.: www.mcexpocomfort-asia.com

Renewable Energy Myanmar 2015 Date: 17-19Sep2015 Place: Yangon, Myanmar Organiser: UBM Tel.: +603 2176 8788 Email: vicky.tan@ubm.com Web.: www.renewableenergymyanmar.com

The Green EXPO 2015

Date: 23-25Sep2015 Place: Mexico City, Mexico Organiser: UBM Tel.: +301 4935500 Email: tessler@ejkrause.com Web.: www.thegreenexpo.com.mx

Renewable Energy India Expo 2015 Date: 23-25Sep2015 Place: Greater Noida, India Organiser: UBM Tel.: +91 9871 726762 Email: Rajneesh.khattar@ubm.com Web.: www.renewableenergyindiaexpo.com

For Listing of your Event : Conference and events are listed free-of-charge, so please feel free to get in touch to tell us about your event. We would also be happy to provide you with free copies of magazine for distribution at your events.(while stock last). Please send your conference information to : Mr. Gourav Garg at gourav.garg@EQmag.net

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