Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine (ESEMAG) July-August 2015

July/August 2015 www.esemag.com

Optimizing biological nutrient removal Efficiency gains with digital asset management Rehabilitation of a 90-year old water reservoir

ES&E’s Annual Guide to Government, Associations and Academic Institutions

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Contents ISSN-0835-605X • July/August 2015 Vol. 28 No. 4 • Issued July 2015 Editor and Publisher STEVE DAVEY Email: steve@esemag.com Assistant Editor PETER DAVEY Email: peter@esemag.com Sales Director PENNY DAVEY Email: penny@esemag.com Sales Representative DENISE SIMPSON Email: denise@esemag.com Accounting SANDRA DAVEY Email: sandra@esemag.com Circulation Manager DARLANN PASSFIELD Email: darlann@esemag.com Design and Production EINAR RICE

Technical Advisory Board Archis Ambulkar, Jones and Henry Engineers Ltd. Gary Burrows, City of London Jim Bishop, Consulting Chemist, Ontario Patrick Coleman, Black & Veatch Bill DeAngelis, City of Toronto Mohammed Elenany, Urban Systems William Fernandes, Region of Peel Marie Meunier, John Meunier Inc., Québec Peter J. Paine, Environment Canada Tony Petrucci, Stantec, Markham

Environmental Science & Engineering is a bi-monthly business publication of Environmental Science & Engineering Publications Inc. An all Canadian publication, ES&E provides authoritative editorial coverage of Canada’s municipal and industrial environmental control systems and drinking water treatment and distribution.

Readers include consulting engineers, industrial plant managers and engineers, key municipal, provincial and federal environmental officials, water and wastewater plant operators and contractors.

Information contained in ES&E has been compiled from sources believed to be correct. ES&E cannot be responsible for the accuracy of articles or other editorial matter. Articles in this magazine are intended to provide information rather than give legal or other professional advice. Articles being submitted for review should be emailed to steve@esemag.com.

Canadian Publications Mail Sales Second Class Mail Product Agreement No. 40065446 Registration No. 7750 Undeliverable copies, advertising space orders, copy, artwork, proofs, etc., should be sent to: Environmental Science & Engineering, 220 Industrial Pkwy. S., Unit 30, Aurora, Ontario, Canada, L4G 3V6, Tel: (905)727-4666, Fax: (905) 841-7271, Web site: www.esemag.com

FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS

6

Bringing infrastructure awareness to the public

8

Mussels increasingly included in aquatic habitat assessments

Product Showcase. . . . . 54-56 Environmental News . . . 70-73 Professional Cards. . . . . 70-73 Ad Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

10 Pinpoint leak detection can recover non-revenue water 12 London evaluates a novel approach to FOG source diversion

Page 12

18 Kuala Lumpur rebuilds its biggest sewage treatment plant underground 20 Chlorine gas is an old public health ally 22 New vacuum pump priming systems cut energy and water use 26 Testimony in environmental claims – participant vs litigation experts 30 OCWA South Peel addresses centralized digital asset management

Page 38

32 Biological nutrient removal often requires an added carbon source 36 Implications of climate change on Ontario’s municipal infrastructure 38 New odour control system allows powdered yeast plant to re-open 42 Plastic cooling towers can help industrial water conservation

Page 44

44 Geographic information system used for mine site remediation 48 Short-term rehabilitation of a leaking 90-year old water reservoir 74 Travel Notes: Water and drought in the Golden State

ES&E’S ANNUAL GUIDE TO GOVERNMENT, ASSOCIATIONS AND ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS Associations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Government Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Colleges and Universities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Page 51

Smith & Loveless Inc. Above All Others.

TM

Editorial Comment by Peter Davey

Making it personal: Bringing infrastructure awareness to the public

A

t a recent business meeting I was asked whether I had heard of a certain garburator model. It was clear the gentleman was a big fan of using the sink instead of a green bin. He seemed upset when I explained that many of our readers would argue garburators take a toll on sewer systems and wastewater plants.

Having failed to reach a consensus on the sink, I was then lectured about the ridiculousness of Canada’s futile obsession with waste diversion. “Here we sort every little thing,” he said, while gesturing to a sheet of aluminum foil lining a breadbasket. “While in the States, it all goes into one bin. What’s the point?”

I felt frustrated that I hadn’t been able to convince this skeptic about the merits of campaigns that I wholeheartedly support. Diligently, I fill up my green bin with food waste, scold my friends for pouring bacon grease down the drain and wait for my apartment’s garbage chute to switch from organics to recycling.

Yet, how could I have succeeded in convincing this person when millions of dollars spent on public outreach and education already failed to do so? My grandfather and co-founder of ES&E, Tom Davey might have had a shot.

His wit and intelligence could outgun anyone looking for an oratory scrap.

Instead, tugging at purse strings rather than green heart strings might better sway opinion and behaviour.

However, when utilities are buried and the cost of their abuse is amortized over a long period of time, it can be difficult to effect change. The rise of garbage, such as flushable wipes, in sewer systems, has a large and expensive impact on wastewater. It is estimated that the price tag for cleaning garbage out of municipal sewage conveyance and treatment systems is $250 million a year in Canada. Robert Haller, chair of the Canadian Water and Wastewater Association, says that this number is on the low end.

6 | July/August 2015

Because this number isn’t listed on a household’s water bill, or beaches littered with tampons, wipes and condoms, people aren’t aware of the impact.

When a “fatberg”, a blockage of oil and grease the size of a double decker bus, was discovered in London, England, in 2013, many wrinkled their nose and shook their head in amazement that such a thing could grow in the sewers. But, I wonder how many people thought about the cost of breaking down and removing that congealed mass?

On the other side of the pond in London, Ontario, researchers from Western University teamed up with the City to analyze the cost of fats, oils and grease (FOG) and the efficacy of a pilot project to reduce FOG from residences. (See “London evaluates a novel approach to FOG source diversion” page 12).

The “Your Turn” pilot project distributed biodegradable cups to households and encouraged them to pour cooking oils, fats and grease into the cups rather than down the drain. Cup distribution was paired with educational information about the damage FOG can do to sewer systems. Co-author Barry Orr noted that the ability to take a tangible “no-cost” object from an outreach exhibit encouraged people to participate.

Results of the pilot project were positive, with 68% of participants responding that they used the cup every time FOG was created in their kitchens. Approximately the same percentage of participants said their awareness of FOG’s impact on sewer systems was improved.

Not only is there an immediate improvement to sewers as people stop disposing of FOG down the drain, how people view their sinks and toilets changes too. For participants in the “Your Turn” project, hopefully, the habit of flushing baby wipes and condoms down the toilet, changes with the habit of pouring cooking oil down the sink.

It is much more difficult to remove contaminants or debris from a sewage trunk line or water body, than it is to capture it before it enters. A daunting example is the issue of microplastics in the

Great Lakes, where they can be found in shorelines, sediment and even the stomachs of fish and fowl. The equipment necessary to remove tiny fragments of plastics, such as those found in facial scrubs and toothpaste, would be very expensive. However, it wouldn’t be necessary if people didn’t use those products in the first place, or if plastic trash didn’t make it into waterways.

The Toronto and Region Conservation Authority did an excellent job educating the public about the proliferation of plastics in water bodies around the world. At a packed public meeting in November, it was clear those in attendance left the event resolute to no longer use plastic-containing cosmetics and be vigilant in keeping garbage out of storm drains and water ways.

A light-hearted campaign called “I Don’t Flush” has gathered Canadian actors, politicians and comedians to spread the important message about keeping pharmaceuticals, personal hygiene products, garbage and FOG out of toilets. Created by the Ontario Clean Water Agency and the Clean Water Foundation, it has taken to YouTube and Twitter to educate people.

Too often it seems the public becomes aware of problems with services and infrastructure after a break, leak or tax hike. Municipalities and utilities should look at new and innovative ways to inform people about the benefits waste diversion campaigns offer, or the need to keep pharmaceuticals, FOG and garbage out of sinks and toilets. There has been plenty of coverage on the infrastructure deficit and cities’ crumbling infrastructure. There should be more and improved education on how consumers can reduce its wear and tear.

Peter Davey is the assistant editor of Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine. Email: peter@esemag.com

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Ecosystem

Mussels increasingly included in aquatic habitat assessments By Courtney Beneteau

Y

ou’ve probably heard of the zebra mussel, but have you ever heard of the purple wartyback, giant floater or round pigtoe? These are only a few of the interesting (and often fitting) names given to the 41 species of native freshwater mussels in Ontario, as opposed to the zebra mussel which is non-native.

Almost 70% of these freshwater mussels are showing signs of decline, and are, in fact, among the most endangered organisms in North America. This may be due in part to our ignorance of their very existence. If you’ve ever waded in a southwestern Ontario stream or river, chances are you’ve stepped on a freshwater mussel – and didn’t even know it!

What makes these organisms so fascinating is their unique life cycle.

Adult mussels dig themselves into the streambed and take in and exhale water through siphons. This is how they filter their food out of the water, and how they reproduce. When male mussels are sexually mature they exhale their sperm into the water column to be taken in by downstream females to fertilize their eggs. Eventually, the fertilized eggs mature into glochidia while still contained in the mother’s gills.

When conditions are favorable, the female mussel will release her glochidia into the water, where they attach themselves to the gills, fins and scales of nearby fish. This begins the parasitic phase of the mussel life cycle. The glochidia live on their “host” fish until they mature into microscopic juvenile mussels and drop off to start their sedentary life on the streambed.

Many species of mussel have evolved to grow on only one or two fish species.

Therefore, if the host fish population declines, so will the dependent mussel species.

In order to lure fish and increase the chances that her glochidia will attach to the correct fish, the females of many mussel species have developed enlarged and specially-coloured mantles (this is

8 | July/August 2015

Like other native freshwater mussels in Ontario, the wavy-rayed lamp mussel is threatened by pollution, siltation and invasive species such as zebra mussels.

the edge of the mussel where the two shells meet when closed). These specialized mantles can be bright orange, red or even resemble a fish or crawfish.

The female mussel will display and sys-

Many species of mussel have evolved to grow on only one or two fish species.

Therefore, if the host fish population declines, so will the dependent mussel species. tematically beat her mantle outside of the shell to attract fish. When a curious fish comes in to investigate, some mussels will actually clamp down on the snout of the fish to keep it close while releasing her glochidia.

These mussels are a very important part of aquatic ecosystems because they filter and clean the water and also provide food for fish, birds and mammals.

Increasingly, aquatic habitat assessments are including not only fish and benthic invertebrates as indicators of stream health, but freshwater mussels as well.

Freshwater mussels are considered “fish” according to the Fisheries Act (Canada) and, as such, warrant the same protection. Like fish, increased suspended sediment in the water column resulting from in-water work or work around watercourses, can have detrimental impacts to mussels, especially because of their limited mobility. Projects that have the potential to impact mussel species-at-risk require a permit from the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada) and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, depending on the status.

So next time you find yourself near a stream, river, lake or pond, think about the wealth of biodiversity camouflaged amidst the rocks.

Courtney Beneteau, M.Sc., is a Fisheries Biologist with Parsons.

For more information, Email: tisha.doucette@parsons.com

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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Water Supply

Pinpoint leak detection can recover non-revenue water

P

ipeline assessment and inspection is ideal for utilities that want to be proactive and find the best way to prioritize budgets for renewing systems and managing assets, while caring for the health and safety of workers and the public.

Many pipelines are in the rehabilitation phase of their lifespans and should be inspected to ensure efficient operation. Regular condition assessment and inspection programs help with efficiency and safety.

With the newest inspection and assessment technology, utilities can investigate pipe wall conditions, material validation, sediment issues, blockages, contamination and quality issues. Addressing these issues can lead to recovering non-revenue water (NRW). This is water that has been produced, yet is lost due to leaks, poor maintenance or theft before it reaches the consumer.

On average, 34% of water pumped globally ends up as NRW, according to the International Energy Agency. It has been estimated that this problem costs utilities upwards of $14 billion each year.

NRW can be broken down into the following categories: • Unauthorized consumption through theft.

• Losses through metering inaccuracies.

• Real losses from water leaks and main breaks.

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JD7 was first approached in 2005 to develop a camera system that could be

10 | July/August 2015

Leak detection systems are available that can be operated internally under live mains pressure. CCTV and acoustics data are transmitted back to the operator.

operated under live mains pressure and navigate through an existing hydrant into the tee piece position of a water main.

The inspection system creates a full dimensional survey while the water main remains in service.

This was the first time that a camera was inserted through a live fire hydrant, directly into a clean water system with no disruption. JD7 proceeded to develop

an inspection system capable of traveling 100 metres. This is now marketed as the Investigator and Investigator+.

The natural progression was to a tethered system for larger diameter mains over longer distances. This led to the development of the LDS1000.

This system can travel up to one kilometre in a water main and report back combined CCTV and acoustics data for leakage and verification purposes. In the future, the LDSl000 should be capable of surveying over five kilometres on a tethered system, while still allowing CCTV and acoustics to be transmitted live to the operator.

The Investigator Water has been in use on over 16,000 insertions into live water mains since 2006, with savings to water utility providers. Its proven track record has found a leak in 77% of insertions.

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Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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Wastewater Collection and Treatment

London evaluates a novel approach to FOG source diversion By Barry Orr, Miranda Gregorio and Roger Gurnett

I

n 2008, the City of London, Ontario commissioned a fats, oils and grease (FOG) inspection program.

While the initial focus had been on restaurants, a surprising number of FOG “hotspots” were also found in residential areas. The City’s “Your Turn” program was created to assist in the proper disposal of residential FOG and to increase public awareness of sewer systems and wastewater treatment.

An opportunity to reach residents at special events was identified. The City’s communications department and wastewater treatment operations set out to custom order a biodegradable takehome container (the “Your Turn” cup) that citizens could use to dispose of residential FOG generated in their kitchens.

An outreach opportunity for the “Your Turn” project was initiated and a letter was sent to the residents in two neighbourhoods, inviting them to participate in this pilot project. Representatives from the City then went door-todoor handing out cups and pamphlets.

Most residents were happy that this project was taking place in their neighbourhood and were pleased to help.

The first project occurred over a period of four months, from November 2013 to January 2014, and was followed by a survey. Results revealed that the project raised awareness, and that the majority of the people who completed the survey used the cups to dispose of their FOG waste. Seventy-eight per cent said that they put the entire kitchen FOG they produced in the cups. Seventy-two per cent said that they learned more about the problems caused by FOG. The increased awareness and consistent cup use appear to have decreased the amount of FOG found in the area’s sanitary sewers.

The second project took place from June 2014 to August 2014. Residents were also asked to complete a survey.

Results were positive and revealed that 68% of participants said they used the cup every time they generated FOG in their kitchens. Nearly 62% of people

12 | July/August 2015

“Your Turn” outreach station at a London apartment building.

disposed of their cups in the garbage.

Additionally, 68.2% said that their awareness of the damages of FOG was increased during the project.

Overall, 90% of people reported that they would use a similar cup on a regular basis. However, many respondents indicated that they would not be willing to purchase one. Those who would consider purchasing cups were not interested in paying more than $0.50 per cup.

In addition, residents of the neighbourhood targeted in the second project were given the option to drop off full cups at an “EnviroDepot” about eight kilometres away. Over 90 cups were received and taken to an anaerobic digester for testing and disposal.

Purpose of calculations Another aspect of the pilot project was to determine whether “Your Turn” cups are financially feasible, and if so, whether they could be implemented on a larger scale.

To do this, the following procedure was employed: • Major costs of treating FOG waste in London’s sewage system were iden-

tified.

• Research was performed to determine which (if any) of these costs could be quantified on a $/mass or $/volume basis.

• Easily quantifiable costs were quantified.

• Values were converted from a $/tonne basis to a $/cup basis; this value was weighed against the cost of purchasing the cups.

Ultimately, if the per-cup cost of treating FOG was close to or greater than the per-cup price, then the use of “Your Turn” cups would be a reasonable option to pursue in the future.

Major costs of treating FOG The largest cost of FOG treatment that was determined in this analysis is having the fats, oils and grease, that were skimmed from primary sedimentation tanks, hauled from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) to a Green Turtle Proceptor™. This is performed by a company that is contracted by the City. The next largest cost analyzed is having the FOG hauled from the Proceptor to the landfill.

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Wastewater Collection and Treatment The third cost in this analysis is the cost of sending full “Your Turn” cups to the landfill. The addition of kitchen FOG waste to the solid waste stream represents an additional burden on the municipal solid waste system.

There are two other major costs that could not be included, due to the difficulty of accurately estimating them. These are the costs of WWTP treatment, and cleaning FOG from sewers and pumping stations.

Assumptions Due to the broad definition, and variable nature of FOG, its density is difficult to precisely determine. The estimated density (0.85kg/l) used throughout this analysis is based on the densities of various food products that could be considered FOG (e.g., vegetable oils, lard, etc.) and documented values taken from municipal sewer lines. It was also assumed that residents dispose of cups when they are 75% full, on average.

For the purposes of this analysis, it was assumed that 100% of the FOG entering the wastewater treatment plants is removed in the primary treatment system. While it is known that some O&G is present in primary effluent, a method for calculating the cost of treating this has not been developed.

Cost of removing FOG from primary treatment Receipts from the company contracted to haul FOG from where it was stored, after being skimmed off the primary treatment tanks, to the Proceptor were examined from July

2013 to May 2014. Over this period, approximately $60,000 was paid out. By examining tickets from the City’s W12A landfill, it was determined that in the same period, 84.8 tonnes were taken from the Proceptor to the landfill. This translates to a cost of roughly $700 per tonne of FOG taken from the primary treatment system.

Using the assumed density of FOG, fill level of the cups (75%), and volume of one cup, it was concluded that the cost of removing FOG from the WWTP primaries and hauling it to the Proceptor is roughly $0.23 per cup. This means that each “Your Turn” cup saves the City $0.23 on hauling costs. The calculations are shown below:

Cost of removing FOG from the Proceptor Receipts were also acquired from the company contracted to haul FOG from the Proceptor to the landfill. Just over $6,400 was paid for this service, over the same period as above. Dividing this value by the same 84.8 tonnes of FOG deposited at the landfill gives a cost of just over $75 per tonne

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July/August 2015 | 13

removing FOG from the Proceptor

Wastewater Collection and Treatment

were also acquired from the company contracted to haul FOG from the Proceptor to the 0.85  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ 1  đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą 0.5đ??żđ??ż $75.00 $0.024 Just over of $6,400 paid forthe thissystem. service,With over the as above.asDividing thisĂ— Ă— Ă— in Ă—  75%  đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“ = FOGwas entering the same sameperiod assumptions FOG buildup sewers đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ??żđ??ż 1000  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?

Davey 6/29/2015 4:27 PM the same 84.8 tonnes of FOGofdeposited at the gives by a cost justcup over $75FOG per waste tendsPeter above, a savings $0.024 per cuplandfill is realized usingofthe to accumulate in sewer lines, eventually Deleted: FOG entering the system. With the same assumptions as above, a savings of $0.024 per cup instead of hauling the FOG from the Proceptor to the landfill. restricting the pipes enough to merit flushing. In addition, it ealized by using the cup instead of hauling the FOG from the Proceptor to the landfill. T h e Thebelow: calculations are shown below: can build up in pumping station wet wells, which then require ons are shown Biological treatment of FOG maintenance.

Sandra Davey costs 6/25/2015 2:53not PM specifically acincreased These were Deleted: C counted for in the financial analysis, because it is too difficult

$6,403.60 $75.51 = 84.8đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą

The cost of treating a compound in the WWTP secondary treatment system is closely tied to its B to quantify exactly how much FOG might cause a blockage. value. Therefore, in order to calculate the cost of treating FOG that enters the secondary treatmen Without knowing Currently, the amount FOG has responsible for a givsystem, its BOD5 must be determined. noof method been developed for this. $75.51 0.85  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ 1  đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą 0.5đ??żđ??ż $0.024 en cost, it cannot be established how much money would be Ă— Ă— Ă— Ă—  75%  đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“ = đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ??żđ??ż 1000  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? saved by the diversion of one “Your Turnâ€? cup of FOG. FOG buildup in sewers

Biogas Cost to landfill FOG waste tends to accumulate in sewer lines, way eventually restricting pipes enough to meri There is an additional to mitigate boththethe environAssuming a cost to the City of $75 per tonne of solidInwaste flushing. addition, it can build up in pumping station wet wells, which then require increased mental impact and cost of wastewater treatment associated g a cost toreceived the City of $75.00 per tonnefor of solid waste waste received (the fee charged for domestic (the fee charged domestic disposal) and maintenance.

These costs were not specifically accounted for in the financial analysis, because with FOG. disposing of the full cupsWithout at localknowing th sposal) andthe thepreviously previously stated stated assumptions regarding the properties of FOG and the assumptions regarding the tooproperties difficult toofquantify exactly This how involves much FOG might cause a blockage. was determined that using the “Your Turn� cups adds a financial burden of farms that use anaerobic digesters to produce biogas.

Since amount FOG responsible for a given cost, it cannot be established how much money would FOG and the cups, it was determined that using theof“Your er cup: the cups are fully biodegradable, there is no need to separate saved by the diversion of one “Your Turn� cup of FOG. Turn� cups adds a financial burden of $0.024 per cup: Sandra Davey 6/25/2015 2:54 PM the FOG from them.

Biogas produced in these digesters is Deleted: . generally burned to produce electricity. In this way, revenue $75.00 0.85  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ 1  đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą 0.5đ??żđ??ż $0.024 Ă— Ă— Ă— Ă—  75%  đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“Biogas = could possibly be generated through the production of elecđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ??żđ??ż 1000  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? tricity.

There is an additional way to mitigate both the environmental impact and cost of wastewater According toinvolves Cornerstone Renewables, thefarms com-that use Biological treatment of FOGtreatment associated with FOG. This disposing of the full which cups at is local pany receiving the full cups for digestion, one tonne of anaerobic digesters to produce biogas. Since the cups are fully biodegradable,FOG there is no nee The cost of treating a compound in the WWTP secondary l treatment of FOG in an anaerobic waste produces m3 of separate the FOG from them.

Biogas 1,200 produced in methane these digesters is generallydigester. burned to produc treatment system is closely tied to its BOD5 value. Therefore, electricity.

In the this way, could generated through Thisrevenue can then be possibly used to be generate 3,000 kWhtheofproduction electrical of electric order to calculate the cost of treating FOGsystem that enters of treating aincompound in the WWTP secondary treatment is closely tied to its BOD5 energy.

Sandra Davey 6/25/2015 2:54 PM secondary treatment system, its BOD must be determined. erefore, in order to calculate the cost of treating FOG5 that enters the secondary treatment According to Cornerstone Renewables, which theSubscript company receiving the fullofcups for digestion Formatted: ofiselectrical energy per tonne FOG, s BOD5 must be determined.

Currently, no method has been developed for this. Based on the 3yield Currently, no method has been developed for tonne this. of FOG waste produces 1,200 m of methane in6/25/2015 an anaerobic digester. This can then be used Sandra Davey 2:56 PM the assumed properties of FOG and the cups, and a conservagenerate 3,000 kWh of electrical energy. Deleted: a tive estimate of the price of electricity, it has been calculated Sandra Davey 6/25/2015 2:56 PM dup in sewers thatelectrical a 500 ml cup of potential toBOD5 produce about Based on the yield of energy perFOG tonne of the FOG, the assumed properties of FOG and th Deleted: forhas conclusively determining the of FOG has notThe b $0.038 worthofoftheelectricity. calculation is shown below: cups, and a conservative estimate price of electricity, it has been calculated that a 500 ml c

andfill

te tends to accumulate in sewer lines, eventually restricting the pipes enough to merit Davey 6/29/2015 4:27 PM The calculation is shown belo FOG has the potential to produce about Peter $0.038 worth of electricity. n addition, it can build up in pumping station wet wells, which then require increased Deleted: 3,000đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜â„Ž $0.04 $120.00 ce. These costs were not specifically accounted for in the financial analysis, because it is Sandra Davey Ă— 6/25/2015 = 2:54 PM đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą Formatted:đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜â„Ž Subscript đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą ult to quantify exactly how much FOG might cause a blockage. Without knowing the f FOG responsible for a given cost, it cannot be established how much money would be $120.00 0.85  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ 1  đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą 0.5đ??żđ??ż $0.038 the diversion of one “Your Turnâ€? cup of FOG. Ă— Ă— Ă— Ă—  75%  đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“ = đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ??żđ??ż 1000  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?

Celebrating 2 Years!

5

In economic terms, a more significant savings for the City

In economic terms, a more significant savings for the City would be the diversion of FOG from would be the diversion of FOG from solid waste disposal sites waste disposal sites to the digesters. At a cost for solid waste disposal of $75 per tonne of FO n additionalToronto way to• Kitchener mitigate• Kingston both the environmental impact and cost wastewater • Cincinnati Edmonton • of Halifax to the digesters. a cost for solid disposal of $75per percup of FOG preventing it from the solid At waste system wouldwaste save the city $0.024 associated with FOG. This involves disposing of the full cups at local farms thatentering use tonne of FOG, preventing it fromInentering the solid wastecups from when compared with disposing of full cups in the landfill. total, diversion of FOG digesters to produce biogas. Since the cups are fullyLimited biodegradable, there is no need to XCG Consulting proudly system save athe city of $0.024 per cup of FOG, when landfill toburned anaerobic digesterswould could yield benefit over $0.06 per cup.  he FOG from them. Biogas produced in these digesters is generally to produce celebrates 25 years of innovative and compared with disposing of full cups in the landfill. In total, . In this way, revenue could possibly be practical generated through the production of electricity. environmental solutions in:

diversion of FOG cups from the landfill to anaerobic digesters

Municipalreceiving Infrastructure g to Cornerstone Renewables, which is the ƒcompany the full cups for digestion, one a benefit of over $0.06 per cup. could yield Sandra Davey 6/25/2015 3:10 PM OG waste produces 1,200 m3 of methane in anaerobic digester.

This can then be used to ƒ an Wastewater & Water Treatment Deleted: ( ,000 kWh of electrical energy.

Financial feasibility ƒ Water Resources Sandra Davey 6/25/2015 3:10 PM

The 500 ml cups used) in the pilot projects, at the price Deleted: the yield of electrical energy per tonne of properties of FOG and the they were purchased for, are not financially feasible without a conservative estimate of the price of electricity, it has been calculated that a 500 ml cup of ƒ Solid Waste Peter according Davey 6/29/2015 4:24assumptions PM digestion of full cups, to the used for he potential to produce about $0.038 worth of electricity.

The calculation is shown below: ƒ Remediation & Risk Assessment this analysis. The Deleted: cost ofmLthe cup outweighs the net savings 3,000đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜â„Ž $0.04 $120.00 Ă— ƒ Hazardous = Materials from the FOG it would divert from entering the wastewater đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜â„ŽManagement đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą treatment system. $120.00 0.85  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ 1  đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘ĄÂƒ Training 0.5đ??żđ??ż $0.038 However, there are large potential savings that have not Ă— Ă— Ă—& Operations Ă—  75%  đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“đ?‘“ = đ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ąđ?‘Ą đ??żđ??ż 1000  đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜đ?‘˜ đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘?đ?‘? yet been accounted for, as well as a few costs that must be addressed, before a proper business analysis of cup distribution ƒ

Site Assessment FOG, the assumed

www.xcg.com mic terms, a more significant savings for the City would be the diversion of FOG from solid posal sites to the digesters. At a cost for solid waste disposal of $75 per tonne of FOG, g it from entering the solid waste system would save the city $0.024 per cup of FOG, 14 | July/August 2015 pared with disposing of full cups in the landfill. In total, diversion of FOG cups from the anaerobic digesters could yield a benefit of over $0.06 per cup.

continued overleaf...

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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Savings from diversion

Costs of diversion

0.5L cups

1L cups

0.5L cups (with digestion)

1L cups (with digestion)

FOG to Proceptor

$0.226

$0.452

$0.226

$0.452

FOG from Proceptor

$0.024

$0.048

$0.024

$0.048

Power generation

$0.000

$0.000

$0.038

$0.077

Savings subtotal

$0.250

$0.500

$0.288

$0.577

Cup cost

$0.250

$0.350

$0.250

$0.350

Cost to landfill

$0.024

$0.048

$0.000

$0.000

Costs subtotal

$0.274

$0.398

$0.250

$0.350

-$0.024

$0.102

$0.038

$0.227

Net savings (per cup) Table 1. Summary of net benefits/costs (May 2015).

could be carried out. For instance, if the price of 500 ml cups could be reduced by roughly 11%, the City would breakeven. This could potentially be achieved by purchasing cups in larger quantities, and is especially feasible given the conservative estimates used in the report.

Savings can also be increased by switching to one-litre cups and/or disposing of full cups in a digester producing biogas used to generate electricity.

For example, disposing of one-litre cups in a digester can save the City over $0.20 per cup. A summary of the net savings from using 500 ml or one-litre cups, as well as a comparison of sending the full

cups to a digester or sending them to a landfill, can be seen in Table 1.

Costs associated with biological treatment of FOG and the effects of FOG throughout the sewage collection system were not taken into account in this analysis. Additionally, large capital costs associated with FOG treatment were omitted.

For example, the purchase, installation, and maintenance of the Proceptor was directly caused by the presence of FOG waste in the City’s sewage treatment system. These constitute a large set of costs, but could not be directly related, on a per-tonne basis, and so were not included in the costs of treating FOG. Had these

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Sewer overflow due in part to FOG.

costs been included, the savings associated with diverting FOG from the City’s sewage system would have dramatically increased.

This analysis also does not account for a number of other economic factors that require exploration if this type of project is to be implemented on a larger scale. Some of these factors include the costs of cup distribution and of raising awareness. Further research is required to determine a more accurate estimate of the net cost or savings associated with implementing large-scale “Your Turn” projects. However, preliminary investigation, into both the financial implications and the willingness of citizens to participate, is promising, and this approach to eliminating issues caused by improper residential fats, oils and grease disposal will be pursued further.

Barry Orr is with the City of London.

Miranda Gregorio and Roger Gurnett are with Western University.

Email: borr@london.ca

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Wastewater Treatment

Kuala Lumpur rebuilds its biggest sewage treatment plant underground

T

42

he densely populated Lembah Pantai district in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, is home to the City’s sewage treatment plant.

Built in 1958 on 17 hectares of land, it is the cause of ongoing odour complaints and is undersized for the population it now serves.

The City is planning to create a large park and leisure facilities, including sports arenas, playgrounds and community halls, in the district within the next few years. An upgraded and expanded wastewater facility is being built underground, freeing up valuable surface land. Designed to serve 1.5 milA clean solution: Kuala Lumpur’s biggest sewage treatment plant goes underlion people, the Pantai Two wastewater ground. In future, leisure facilities will be the outstanding features of this urban treatment plant will be almost twice as quarter. efficient as the old one and requires only BEWG and Endress+Hauser have tation basins, but is more demanding half the footprint.

Refurbishment of 25 sewage treat- cooperated in China for a long time, so in terms of process engineering. The ment plants is one of nine major infra- it seemed only natural to continue the wastewater subsequently runs through an anaerobic, an anoxic and an aerobic structure projects with which Malaysia partnership. basin, where ammonium, nitrate and aims for sustainable growth. While the phosphorus are efficiently removed. use of subterranean sewage treatment This is a stable process marked by high plants is well advanced in Europe and plant availability.

Japan, there is as yet no comparable Kuala Lumpur rebuilds the city’s biggest “In general, an underground sewage project in the Association of sewage Southtreatment East plant underground.

The investment project benefits the environment in more ways than one. treatment plant involves a higher level Asian Nations region. This is due to of technical skills in terms of process, (less strict) legislation, but also to the partnership,” continues Sunny Wang. “And we don’t regret Kuala Lumpur is turning greener. The densely populated give our best and place high and odour control,” excost.

The government aims“We to spend it. As early as in the bidding phase, construction Endress+Hauser’s Lembah Pantai district, where the city’s sewage treatment expectations on our partners.” engineers showed a very professional approach. They have plant occupies 17 hectares of land right in the center, is to been committed, patient and very responsive.” see large park and leisure facilities including sports arenas, plains Kien Hoong Lai, with Endress+ around €240 million on Pantai Two. Endress+Hauser is also familiar with the advanced A2O playgrounds and community halls in a few years’ time. Built process used in Pantai 2. It makes do without large in 1958, the sewage treatment plant today affects the Hauser Malaysia.

The water treatment Endress+Hauser is supplying all insedimentation basins, but it is more demanding in terms neighborhood with odor and – in spite of major extension of process engineering. The wastewater subsequently runs work – has for quite some time been unable to cope with and the strumentation for the new plant, includthrough an anaerobic, an anoxic and an aerobic basin,solids/biogas processes require the task. flourish again. Excavation work has been completed; where ammonium, nitrate and phosphorus are efficiently Wastewater cleaning is now literally going underground: underground civil engineering work is in progress. Slurry removed; a stable process marked by high plant availability. with very different specifithe sedimentation today open and exposed, will be instruments ing flow,basins,pressure, level, temperature placed in the ground, with the whole cleansing process then processing is also under construction, with Pantai 2 also designed to generate biogas and – using solar panels – Valuable network “In general, an underground sewage taking place below the surface of the earth. Designed to cations. and “Pantai Twopower.isTheour electric last stage will involve the construction treatment plant involves a higher level of technical skills in collect theliquid wastewater ofanalysis.

1.5 million people, the new of the leisure facilities. terms of process, construction and odor control,” explains technology is almost twice as efficient as the old plant and The ambitious project is on schedule, Kien Hoong Lai, Sales Manager Environmental for Endress+ needs only project half the space. in Malaysia,” says Sunny first Hauser Malaysia. The water treatment and the solids/biogas From a single source Endress+Hauser supplies the entire The refurbishment of 25 sewage treatment plants is one processes require instruments withwith very different instrumentation for Pantai 2 – flow, pressure, level, of nine major infrastructure projects with which Malaysia initial trial runs into the sedimentaWang, of the Chinese general contractemperature and liquid analysis. “Pantai 2 is our first project specifications. As full-range supplier, Endress+Hauser offers This public contract is important for BEWG, not least aims for sustainable growth. While subterranean sewage the entire spectrum from a single source and is able to bring in Malaysia,” says Sunny Wang, Sourcing and Logistics because two governments are involved. “We give our best treatment plants have been well advanced in Europe and tionthe project basins tor Beijing Enterprises Water Trading in valuable knowledge as early as during stage. expected Manager at the Chinese general contractor Beijing and therefore placesoon. high expectations on our partners,” Japan, there is as yet no comparable project in the ASEAN “Thanks to our good network, we’ve managed to clear a Enterprises Water Trading (BEWG). “This is why we looked says Sunny Wang. “Endress+Hauser delivers high-quality region. This is due to the (less strict) laws, but also to the number of obstacles for our customer, for example when it a globally operating supplier who isEndress+Hauser familiar with the measurement engineering and supports us with application cost: the government aims to spend around 240 million we for is also familiar with (BEWG).

“This is why looked for came to dealing with authorities or local suppliers,” stresses Malaysian market, a partner who stands for quality and experience and knowledge of the local market.” At present, euros on Pantai 2.

Hoong Lai. The ambitious project is right on schedule; both enterprises work side-by-side on the Ultimately, it’s not only the heavily polluted Sungai Klang used in PanFor engineers morefrominformation, a(which globally operating suppliercredibility.” who is fa- the advanced A2O process Kien the first trial runs into the sedimentation basins are BEWG and Endress+Hauser have cooperated in China for installation and commissioning of the plant. Sunny Wang: translates as the ‘River of Life’) which is to be expected soon. a long time. “So it seemed only natural to continue the “We’re already looking forward to our joint success!” revived soon, rather the whole of the neighborhood is to tai Two. It does not use large sedimenEmail: info@ca.endress.com miliar with the Malaysian market.” changes

Market: Southeast Asia

A city takes a deep breath Refurbishment of

25 sewage treatment

plants is one of nine major

infrastructure projects with

Sunny Wang, Sourcing and Logistics Manager, Beijing Enterprises Water Trading

which Malaysia aims for sustainable growth.

A clean solution: Kuala Lumpur’s biggest sewage treatment plant goes underground. In future, leisure facilities will be the outstanding features of this urban quarter.

Odor treatment unit

Fine screen

Grit chamber

18 | July/August 2015

Grease chamber

Sewage treatment process

Clarifier tank

UV disinfection

Discharge water

Sungai Klang river

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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Disinfection

Chlorine gas is an old public health ally

By Keith Thompson

a result of improper mixing of chemicals with other “inherently safer” forms of chlorine such as bleach.

The news media often reports “chlorine leaks” and “chlorine gas” in such a way as to give the impression that the problem was related to chlorine gas. In the late 1990s and into the 2000s, the Chlorine Gas Disinfection Association analyzed the incidents reported in the news that were related to “chlorine gas”.

The conclusion was that 60% - 65% of chlorine release incidents were associated with sodium or calcium hypochlorite.

Chlorine gas set-up. Photo courtesy Village of Montpelier, Ohio.

T

here is considerable debate regarding the safety of gas chlorine. As a result, many operations feel pressure to change to alternative forms of disinfection. Any effort to push water and wastewater treatment plants away from gas chlorine in the interest of safety or security is certainly cause for discussion. However, pure chlorine gas has the best safety record based on data reported by the

American Association of Poison Control Centers.

Approximately 90% of exposures to chlorine are caused by sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite, whereas less than 10% is due to chlorine gas, even though roughly two thirds of drinking water facilities use gas chlorine. Reports of chlorine gas leaks often have nothing to do with the release of pure chlorine gas from a cylinder, but instead occur as

Potential elimination There have also been rumours that some government regulatory agencies are planning to eliminate chlorine gas.

Much of this was escalated in the wake of news reports about chlorine gas or terrorist activity during the Iraq War. Chlorine imports were curtailed in the wake of insurgent bombs that used chlorine. In mid-2007, Iraq’s Deputy Health Minister, Dr. Adel Mohsin, stated early after these actions, that a cholera epidemic would be “very likely” in the capital without water testing and maintaining sufficient levels of chlorination. A few weeks later, a New York Times headline read: “Cholera epidemic infects 7,000 people in Iraq.”

Herb Kuehne, MBA, P.Eng., Senior Vice President & General Manager and Elia Edwards, M.A.Sc., P.Eng., Division Manager, Water of Associated Engineering’s Ontario operation are pleased to introduce the following staff to our management team.

www.ae.ca 20 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Disinfection The article warned that the epidemic could reach Baghdad within weeks.

Dr. Said Hakki, president of the Iraqi Red Crescent Society, said: “If the water has low chlorination, vibrio cholerae will go through the central supply and the disease will spread like fire in a haystack.” A few weeks later, another headline stated: “Cases of cholera reach Baghdad.” In the article, Dr. Ryadh Abdul Ameer, director of the Basra health ministry, said that some waterworks in his city were now entirely without chlorine because imports of chlorine dried up after insurgents used the chemical in bomb attacks.

Government officials should understand that eliminating gas chlorine at water facilities doesn’t truly eliminate gas chlorine since it is used to make bleach. Also, only 5% of the total supply of gas chlorine is actually used in water treatment.

Misinformation The Gas Chlorine Education Committee (GCEC) often receives questions that reveal misinformation being propa-

www.esemag.com

gated to influence gas chlorine users to make a change based on fear.

A chemical accident investigator reported a municipal water treatment company decided to switch from chlorine

Reports of chlorine gas leaks often have nothing to do with the release of pure chlorine gas from a cylinder, but instead occur as a result of improper mixing of chemicals with other “inherently safer” forms of chlorine such as bleach. gas disinfectant to liquid 12.5% sodium hypochlorite.

The company said part of the motivation for the switch was to avoid the OSHA Process Safety Management (29 CFR 1910.119) requirement for a process hazard analysis. It also believed the liquid would be safer than the chlorine gas.

Management decided that it could reuse a liquid fertilizer tank for the sodium hypochlorite, most likely to save costs. Upon the addition of sodium hypochlorite, the tank exploded and several employees were seriously injured.

The site supervisor died within 48 hours of the incident. The injured employees sued the trucking company as well as their employer.

Many surveys, including a recent one completed by the American Water Works Association, indicate that the majority of operations still use gas chlorine. Before making a change, water and waste treatment operations should consider such factors as water quality, operating costs, the risks associated with a different technology and the ease of operation.

Simply stated, it is always important to make an informed decision rather than one that is based on fear and inaccurate information.

Keith Thompson is with the Gas Chlorine Education Committee. For more information, visit www.chlorinegas.org

July/August 2015 | 21

Pumping Systems

New vacuum pump priming systems cut energy and water use By Jonathan Snook

A

typical vacuum priming system normally consists of one or two liquid ring vacuum pumps mounted on the top plate of a horizontal vacuum receiver tank, as well as pipes for feeding makeup water to the pumps. A simple control panel nearby will have a selector switch with basic on/off control buttons for both pumps.

Often, the complete system in a typical station has been leaking both sealing water and vacuum for years. Due to vacuum leaks, it has been running almost continually, wasting energy and water trying to maintain a vacuum set point.

The disadvantages of water-sealed

Vacuum priming systems are necessary, as water impeller pumps, while great for moving high volumes

Due to leaks, this vacuum priming system has had to run almost continously, resulting in severe corrosion.

of water, are unable to pump or move air. vacuum pump systems include high maintenance costs, as well as excessive use of motive energy. Also, the vacuum level can fluctuate considerably as the seasons change and sealing water temperature rises and falls. This directly affects the vacuum level. With this type of variable, it takes a very specialized maintenance team to set up these systems and keep them operating at peak performance.

Vacuum priming systems are necessary, as water impeller pumps, while great for moving high volumes of water, are unable to pump or move air. When the pump is running and moving tremendous volumes of water, everything is working as it should. However, when the pump is taken offline and stopped, the water drains away.

Consequently, they need to be filled 22 | July/August 2015

Figure 1. Duplex vacuum priming pump connects to two water pumps.

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Pumping Systems

Water impeller pumps are unable to move or pump air, and must be primed first.

with water (or other liquids) before they can be started again. A vacuum priming system is used to “pull” liquid into the water pump to allow it to start. Figure 1 shows a basic circuit with a duplex vac-

uum priming pump station connected to two water pumps. It creates a vacuum from the highest point in the impeller pump, right down to the level of the water reservoir. This removes air from the

water pump suction line, as well as from inside the water pump chamber. As air is removed, water from the reservoir is pulled up through the piping to fill the void that this air previously occupied.

A priming valve, which is mounted at the highest point on the water pump, is the connection point for the vacuum line running from the vacuum system to each of the water pumps.

There are several types of priming valves, but the most common contains a float that automatically shuts off the vacuum suction line. This prevents water from reaching the vacuum pumps.

Either a separate sensor, or a connection from the priming valve, indicates to the pump station operator that the pump is primed and, therefore, safe to start.

All of this sounds simple enough, but there are limitations to the height that a vacuum system can raise water.

This distance is one of the principles of vacuum theory. Atmospheric pressure on our planet is 1,013 mbar. For every metre of water depth, a pressure of 100 continued overleaf...

SEW-WaterGuide2013.pdf 1 10/9/2013 2:56:23 PM

Don’t just build back.

Build better.

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July/August 2015 | 23

Pumping Systems mbar is generated. Therefore, at a depth of 10 metres, the pressure is 1,000 mbar.

At sea level, a full 1,000 mbar of atmospheric pressure is available. Therefore, a pump station at sea level can pull wa-

ter up a distance of 10 metres. If the pumps are higher than that, the water will not reach them.

As a result, pumping stations in cities high above sea level must be closer to the

water source, as atmospheric pressure is lower and less “vacuum” is available.

The vertical distance, from the top of the water priming valve (and/or the vacuum pump) to the lowest level of the water to be raised, must be known in order to select a vacuum pump with sufficient vacuum depth capabilities. This important factor should be taken into account when pumping from a reservoir with fluctuating water levels, or when pumping seawater from a tidal basin to a desalination plant.

When selecting a suitable vacuum priming system, it is necessary to conU.S.F. S.F Fabrication’s Hatch Safety Grate System is available in a variety S.F. ariety of configurations sider not to meet virtually ually anySafety uall application.

The System system allows for routine maintenance of pumps .F Fabrication’s .F. Hatch Grate is available in a variety ariety of configurations only the height that you wish to raise the water, but also the speed and equipment when closed and may act as an additional barrier er when open. It allows meet virtually ually uall any application.

The systemngs allows for routine maintenance of pumps without exposing themselves to people to move freely lly around the hatch opening with which you wish to accomplish this. d equipment whenfall-through. closed and may act as an additional barrier er when open. It allows dangerous In an emergency, it is quite usual for without exposing ople to move freely lly around the hatch opening Allngs Hatch Safety ety Grates feature: themselves toseveral suction lines to be evacuated in • Tamp Tamper-res r istant 316 SS hinges res quick succession. Therefore, maximum ngerous fall-through. and nd hardw har are vacuum depth capability and evacua• Po Powder-coated aluminum grates to All Hatch Safety ety Grates feature: tion speed need to be known. A vacuresist corrosion res •• Hold Tamper-res Tamp r istant res 316 SS hinges um pump specialist can advise on this, old open devices to lock the grates as the capacity of evacuation reduces in in theirhardw full upright and nd har areand open position direct proportion to the vacuum depth.

Can be ret r rofitted into existing •• Ca Powder-coated Po aluminum grates to Every vacuum pump is supplied with access openings resist corrosion res operating curves that show pumping speed at various vacuum depths.

• Hold old open devices to lock the grates Our experienced team provides a quick turnaround on quotes, in their full upright and open positionModern vacuum priming systems drawings and deliveries. Call us today 1.800.668.4533 typically use an oil-lubricated rotary • Ca Can be ret r rofitted into existing or email us at sales@engineeredpump.com vane vacuum pump. It will have an opaccess openings erating vacuum level in excess of 29”Hg for evacuating water suction pipes to 1635 Industrial Ave. • Port Coquitlam, BC V3C 6M9 significant vertical depths. In addition, Phone: 604.552.7900 • Fax: 604.552.7901 the capacity of the pump can vary acsales@engineeredpump.com • www.engineeredpump.com r experienced team provides a quick turnaround on quotes, cording to the time frame required.

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24 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Pumping Systems Oil-lubricated pumps reduce the motive power required, which cuts energy costs. Also, as sealing water is no longer required, water consumption is eliminated as are issues with leaks. This avoids external rusting of the system.

A modern electronic control panel, with a graphical touch screen, enables operators to select the desired operating mode to suit anticipated needs. The system will automatically lead/lag or cascade the pumps on and off, balancing operating hours. Minimum run timers will prevent the motors from overheating.

Purge cycles will pump out vapour trapped in the system and prevent rusting of internal components and contamination of the lubricating oil. Visual and remote alarm systems are normally included within a basic system. An auto-drain system can automatically evacuate any moisture that may find its way back to the vacuum receiver vessel, even when the system is in full operation. In the event of a catastrophic failure of one of the vacuum priming flow valves, an electro-pneumatic valve

A modern vacuum priming system, with vacuum pumps mounted on a receiver tank.

will automatically isolate the vacuum circuit.

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July/August 2015 | 25

Legal Affairs

Testimony in environmental claims participant vs litigation experts By Tamara Farber

T

he Ontario Court of Appeal has recently discussed the drafting of expert reports and the nature of expert testimony (respectively in Moore v Getahun, 2015 ONCA 55 (CanLII) and Westerhof v Gee, 2015 ONCA 206 (CanLII)). Neither of these cases related to environmental claims, but both have implications relating to the rules under which experts might testify in environmental cases.

What constitutes an “expert” witness and to whom do the expert witness provisions in the Ontario Rules of Civil Procedure apply? Do they apply to anyone offering an expert opinion?

Often in environmental claims, more than one expert will testify at trial. For example, in a contaminated land case, the expert who carried out the remediation might testify, while an opposing expert might be called to give an opinion as to whether that remediation was carried out appropriately: • The first witness, a “participant” expert, a term used by the Court of Appeal in the Westerhof case, might provide trial testimony including opinions as to groundwater flow direction, the extent of contamination, hydraulic conductivity or the ability of contamination to move within subsurface conduits or fractures. Specific remedial method analysis might have been done to assess which method should have been used.

• The second witness, a litigation expert, might provide trial testimony offering different opinions from the first expert concerning groundwater flow, hydraulic conductivity, contaminant migration, whether the first expert’s analysis of the remedial options was flawed, or whether implementation of those options was flawed.

Are both experts subject to the same requirements under the Rules? The Ontario Court of Appeal says “no”. In the Westerhof case, the plaintiff was injured in a car accident. He was treated by a number of experts, including his family

26 | July/August 2015

doctor, a psychiatrist, a chiropractor, a neurologist and an orthopaedic surgeon.

Many of these witnesses were not considered to be “expert witnesses” by Westerhof’s lawyer for the purposes of trial and their evidence did not comply

In a contaminated land case, the expert who carried out the remediation might testify, while an opposing expert might be called to give an opinion as to whether that remediation was carried out appropriately. with Rule 53.03, which sets out specific requirements for the content of an expert report. The trial judge excluded much of this evidence as being expert evidence that was non-compliant with the Rules and dismissed the entire action.

Westerhof appealed to the Divisional Court. In dismissing the appeal, that Court noted that the “important distinc-

tion is not in the role or involvement of the witness, but in the type of evidence sought to be admitted. If it is opinion evidence, compliance with Rule 53.03 is required; if it is factual evidence, it is not.”1 The Divisional Court concluded that “evidence of diagnosis and prognosis were opinions because they involve inferences from observed facts and may turn out to be either right or wrong.

Thus, although a treating physician may give evidence of his or her diagnosis to explain the treatment provided, such evidence is not admissible for the truth of its contents. Rather, it is admissible only to understand the basis of the treatment provided.”2 This decision was then appealed to the Ontario Court of Appeal. The appeal raised the question whether Rule 53.03 applied only to experts described in Rule 4.1.01 and Form 53, i.e., those “engaged by or on behalf of a party to provide opinion evidence in relation to a proceeding”, or, whether it applied more broadly to all witnesses with special expertise who give opinion evidence. As the Court of Appeal stated, “this broader group of witnesses would include, for example, treating physicians who form opinions based on their participation

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Legal Affairs in the underlying events (referred to in these reasons as “participant experts”) rather than because they were engaged by a party to the litigation to form an opinion.”3 The Court of Appeal granted the appeal and ordered a new trial. Writing for a unanimous panel, Madam Justice Simmons disagreed with the Divisional Court’s conclusion that the type of evidence (fact or opinion) is the key factor in determining whether Rule 53.03 applies. Instead, she held that a witness with special skill, knowledge, training, or experience, who has not been engaged by or on behalf of a party to the litigation, may give opinion evidence for the truth of its contents without complying with Rule 53.03 if: • The opinion to be given is based on the witness’s observation of or participation in the events at issue; and, • The witness formed the opinion to be given as part of the ordinary exercise of his or her skill, knowledge, training and expertise, while observing or participating in such events.

Simmons J. A. termed these witnesses “participant experts”. The Court of Appeal was particularly influenced by the wording of Rule 4.1.01.This relates to “experts engaged by or on behalf of a party to provide [opinion] evidence in relation to a proceeding” in concluding that the rule was not intended to cover participant experts. A party does not “engage” an expert to provide opinion evidence in relation to a proceeding simply by calling the expert to testify about an opinion the expert has already formed4.

Similarly, the Court noted that the requirement in Rule 53.03(2.1)3 that an expert’s report set out “the instructions provided to the expert in relation to the proceeding” makes it clear that Rule 53.03 only applies to litigation experts.

A party does not provide instructions to a participant expert in relation to the proceeding because the expert has already formed their opinions5.

The Court was mindful of the potential for a participant expert to stray into opinion evidence falling outside of the opinions formed from their observations or participation. Those opinions would have to comply with Rule 53.03.

The analysis of the expert evidence continued overleaf... www.esemag.com

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July/August 2015 | 27

Legal Affairs in the Westerhof case is equally applicable in contaminated land or other environmental litigation cases. The nature of the expert evidence in contaminated land litigation is not distinctive, per se.

Whether medical, engineering, geotechnical or hydrogeological opinions are offered, the issue is when the opinion was formed. The “participant expert” formed the opinion at the time of the undertaking. The participant expert could testify, without a report, or a certification in advance attesting to the expert’s impartiality or duty to the court.

But, presumably, they would need some documents demonstrating their opinions were formed during their participation.

Consider, however, if litigation had been contemplated when the participant expert was engaged in a contaminated land case. Counsel might consider retaining a separate expert, if litigation is contemplated and counsel is engaged at this early stage. A peer review or advisory expert, at the time of the retainer of the participant expert, can then consider whether the opinions formed by the participating

expert might be called into question by a future opposing litigation expert.

There are obviously practical limiting factors to such an approach. The cost of retaining a peer reviewing expert

The analysis of the expert evidence in the Westerhof case is equally applicable in contaminated land or other environmental litigation cases. The nature of the expert evidence in contaminated land litigation is not distinctive, per se. at the time of the event might be prohibitive. The likelihood of litigation might be small. The relationship between the client and the participant expert might be strained by the involvement of a peer reviewer. Timing of decisions

made by the participant expert might be constrained by the peer reviewer. This could lead to delays and possible effects on migrating contamination.

Practically, a participant expert might never have to comply with the Rules. It makes sense to favour a decision to allow those experts to do what they were retained to do, which is to participate in the process. If they ever have to testify, their evidence would be admissible for the truth of the events and for the truth of the opinions that formed the basis for their actions and decisions.

There may still be room for nuances when litigation is contemplated early in the process. For now, however, the Court of Appeal has spoken.

Footnotes: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Canadian Ad 7 x 4.875_Layout 1 12/2/14 10:15 AM Page 1

2013 ONSC 2093 (CanLII) at para 21.

2015 ONCA 206 (CanLII) at para 58. supra, at para 6. supra, at para 82. supra, at para 83.

Tamara Farber is a partner with Miller Thomson LLP. Email: tfarber@millerthomson.com

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Asset Management

OCWA South Peel addresses centralized digital asset management By Nevin McKeown and John He

Aerial photo of G.E. Booth wastewater treatment facility in the Region of Peel.

H

ow long do you take to find as-built drawings, manuals or reports to effectively manage day-to-day operation and maintenance? Are physical contents totally separated from their digitalizing information? Or does digitalizing information not exist at all? How are you facing the challenges?

Document management and control is more and more critical and important in the water and wastewater industry. Every document can be appraised, sorted, and categorized into a digital asset management (DAM) system. Parity between digital and physical assets addresses the need to make better and faster decisions for daily operations and maintenance, which use the best information. Some digital assets are living, meaning they should be updated and modified fre-

30 | July/August 2015

quently, and some are static. Information may currently inhabit different ecosystems in different silos.

Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA) South Peel Facilities found the solution to be quite simple and easy to implement: 1. Digitize all drawings, manuals and reports, to handle old existing and ongoing contents.

2. Upload to open text server with Metatables and Metamethods.

3. All ongoing documents flow to the sparchive email system where they are appraised and uploaded with logical metadata to OCWA’s DAM system.

Sparchive is simply an intuitive “holding pen” for documents that are less than 10 megabytes in size.

4. Upload extremely large size files from physical storage, such as DVDs, flash drives, etc., to open text server.

Using metadata in DAM enables the linking of content for easy search when users are looking for the right information. The same systems that protect property rights can also be used to guard confidential information. DAM can also be used for the internal distribution of commercially sensitive information. It is much more than regular documentation management. Perhaps the most significant feature is that DAM provides a framework for the successful monetization of the engineering library.

Distribution and reporting from DAM is extended through web-based access and OCWA has developed online training for stakeholders. DAM opens up the opportunity to preview and distribute at desktops and laptops, and remotely from any smartphone, including BlackBerry and iPhone, or tablets such as an iPad or

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Asset Management Surface Pro. This access can be granted from anywhere, anytime. Access to original material (as-built drawings, manuals, reports, etc.) is crucial to innovation and creativity. It is important to remember that: • Assets should be visible and kept accessible.

• Every endeavour relies on prior work.

• Value added services deliver significant return on investment.

• DAM is a natural fit for engineering libraries in the water and wastewater industry.

The system architecture provides the following features: workflow management, storage management, archiving, publishing, distributing and reporting, version control, indexing and categorization, search, content editing, task and project management, resource management, user management and storage management.

DAM functions are backboned by third-party software for access control, security and configuration.

The deployment of digital access

management in OCWA South Peel, like any other major business decision, involved a cost–benefit analysis. To be more specific, DAM provides for the sensible exploitation and administration of a wide range of digital asset repository such as engineering drawings, manuals, reports, pictures, etc. OCWA’s DAM system provides a complete toolbox to the stakeholders including operators, skilled trades, engineers, managers, contractors, consultants and the client, to efficiently utilize and benefit from it.

The system’s indexing and categorization uses metadata generated at an early stage to create an index and catalogue

that can be used by the search engine.

It is also designed to store contents in folders according to the functional origination chart with metadata. The indexing is fairly simple, using a few key fields: file name, title, author and keywords.

A more sophisticated index will be developed for a large repository to integrate with Maximo computerized maintenance management system software. This will avoid the common problem of huge result sets with little relevance to the search criteria. The technique to return smaller and more relevant result sets, is to use concepts rather than keywords for search function. Search is an essential function and feature for digital asset management. Stakeholders can use the search engine to find content within the repository right away.

Managing digital assets is a new line of business for Ontario Clean Water Agency.

Nevin McKeown and John He are with the Ontario Clean Water Agency.

Email: nmckeown@ocwa.com, jhe@ocwa.com

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July/August 2015 | 31

Wastewater Treatment

Successful biological nutrient removal often requires a supplementary carbon source By Sara Arabi and Mehran Andalib

Beef processing facility’s wastewater anoxic reactor before (L) and after implementation of key operational changes (R).

D

ue to environmental concerns caused by excessive nutrient discharges, regulatory agencies are implementing stringent limitations on both point source and non-point source nutrient discharges. Upgrades to some wastewater treatment facilities to incorporate biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes are required to achieve the necessary nutrient load reductions.

In addition to controlling eutrophication in receiving water bodies and environmental benefits, BNR facilities have demonstrated economic and operational benefits. Their utilization is potentially more economic than conventional activated sludge treatment or physical/ chemical processes. Incorporation of an un-aerated zone ahead of the aerobic zone in BNR processes, results in a substantial reduction of aeration energy costs. Also, the aeration energy needs are reduced because most of the substrate removal and some stabilization of organics occur in the un-aerated zone.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) provides an economic benefit through the reduction or elimination of chemical addition for phosphorus removal. The BNR processes are also known to produce less waste activated sludge due to lower sludge yield. An additional benefit of BNR processes is that the denitrification process recovers approximately one-half of the

32 | July/August 2015

alkalinity consumed during autotrophic nitrification.

It has been shown that anaerobic and/ or anoxic zones placed ahead of aerobic zones in BNR processes act as biological selectors that discourage the growth of filamentous organisms, generally improve sludge settling properties and enhance process stability.

Carbon augmentation Performance of a BNR system is strongly affected by the characteristics of the wastewater influent to each zone of the processes. Neither biological nitrogen removal nor EBPR can be accomplished without sufficient biodegradable organic substrate. Carbon augmentation is needed when there is insufficient carbon available to achieve complete denitrification. This is normally the case when low levels of Total Nitrogen (TN), e.g., < 5 mg/L, are required in the treated effluent. For typical medium-strength municipal wastewater, readily biodegradable COD (rbCOD, which is typically 1.6 times BOD), TN and Total Phosphorus (TP) are 300, 40, and 7 mg/L, respectively.

Based on rbCOD/N of 5.8 and rbCOD/P of 25 required for denitrification and EBPR, theoretically 365 mg rbCOD/L is required to achieve TN of 5 mg/L and TP of 0.5 mg/L, respectively. This results in a shortfall of rbCOD, so addition of an external carbon source

is required. In a wastewater treatment facility, a considerable portion of influent rbCOD is utilized through aerobic respiration. This means just a portion of the 300 mg rbCOD/L is practically available for denitrification and EBPR processes.

The choice of a carbon source can have profound implications, not just on the efficacy of nutrient removal but also on plant and personnel safety, sludge yields, aeration adequacy, environmental sustainability, overall effluent quality and other factors. Recent studies also indicate that different carbon sources could have differing effects on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, even in the same treatment process.

Soluble and readily degradable substrates support the highest rate of denitrification. Methanol has been the most widely used external carbon source. But it often requires an adaption period of up to seven months before denitrification rates significantly increase, due to low growth rates of methylotrophs. The flammability, safety concerns and price fluctuations for methanol have limited its use for wastewater treatment.

Agriculturally derived carbon sources such as molasses, glycerol, corn syrup, sucrose and MicroC™, tend to have more predictable and less volatile price profiles.

Recently, glycerin has drawn significant attention as an alternative to alcohols

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Wastewater Treatment (methanol and ethanol) for denitrification application and acetate for enhanced biological phosphorus removal. It is safer, noncorrosive and nonflammable. Its price, biodegradability, high COD value and ability to promote nutrient removal behaviour are all advantages that make this supplemental carbon source a viable alternative. In addition, glycerin’s abundance in nature has led to microbial adaptations for its uptake and use as a source of carbon and energy.

Two case examples of the application of MicroC™ products for biological nutrient removal follow: 1. Beef processing facility A beef slaughter and processing plant recently completed an upgrade to its 0.5 MGD wastewater treatment facility to comply with its total maximum daily load limits. The upgrades included a dual train, four stage Bardenpho process.

Prior to the upgrade, the facility historically discharged >200 mg/L TN. Effective October 2013, its new permit required an annual TN average concentration of <8 mg/L and a daily maximum TN of 130 mg/L at a flow rate of 0.5 MGD. With very high nitrogen loading, peaks of up to 300 mg/L TN , and with low carbon/nitrogen ratios in the anoxic zones, the plant was designed to use supplemental carbon to facilitate denitrification to comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit limits. MicroC 2000 was chosen as the carbon source due to safety, low cost and high quality.

During commissioning, the facility experienced a number of challenges achieving denitrification, including incomplete denitrification with nitrite accumulation, debilitating thick brown foam/scum, and process instability and unequal performance in the parallel BNR treatment trains.

Environmental Operating Solutions Inc. (EOSi) conducted a detailed review of the plant operating data to focus on developing a cost-effective solution. The first step in the assessment was microbial analysis to determine the nature of the thick brown foam. It showed the presence of Thiothrix spp. in several foam samples. Further investigation indicated that the high COD utilization rate in www.esemag.com

the post anoxic reactor, combined with short hydraulic retention time and low concentration of available nitrogen for assimilation, resulted in excess brown foam and sludge bulking.

Data collection and observation of system response with static modeling and simulation analysis showed the presence of high dissolved oxygen (DO) in the anoxic zones, caused by excessive aeration from an oversized blower with limited turndown control. DO was also

being entrained within a manhole splitter box that divides flow from the anaerobic zone into the two pre-anoxic zones.

EOSi and plant personnel were able to develop an operating strategy which incorporated changes to achieve a more steady biological process and to reduce effluent TN from >200 mg N/L to less than 3 mg N/L. This brought the plant into compliance. Key operational changes included: continued overleaf...

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July/August 2015 | 33

Wastewater Treatment • Replacing the blower with one having better turndown control.

• Piping changes in the influent manholes to reduce DO entrainment.

• Revised carbon feed strategy as recommended by EOSi. Within weeks of implementing the process enhancements, DO concentrations were optimized throughout the process. Thick brown foam was virtually eliminated throughout the entire plant. The plant achieved full denitrification with an effluent of NOx (Nitrate+ Nitrite) <0.2 mg/L. Beyond achieving consistent compliance, the plant also was able to stabilize solids retention time (SRT) and clarifier performance.

2. Municipal wastewater treatment A 5 MGD municipal wastewater treatment facility employed two 5-stage biological reactor trains, two secondary clarifiers, primary clarifiers, tertiary denitrification filters, ditches (plug flow reactors) and solids processing equipment. It also included chemical storage and feed equipment. The facility was re-

Parameter BOD:TP TP removed (%)

Acetic Acid

Transition

MicroC2000

19 16 16 98.2% 98.7% 98.0%

Effluent TN (mg/L)

4.1 4.00 2.83

Effluent TP(mg/L)

0.17 0.17 0.21

Acetic Acid Feed (gpd)

290 210 0

MicroC 2000™ (gpd) lbs BOD (lb/d)

0 30 81 4267 4950 4167

Table 1: Performance comparison of EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) feeds.

quired to achieve enhanced nutrient removal objectives of 4 mg/L of TN and 0.3 mg/L of TP.

It utilized 20% acetic acid as a volatile fatty acid source for EBPR. In addition, the facility fed alum to the sec-

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Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Wastewater Treatment ondary clarifiers and had the option to feed alum to the influent of the Parkson Dynasand tertiary filters for final trimming of effluent orthophosphate.

At the time of the study, approximately 300 gpd of a 20% acetic acid solution was being fed to the anaerobic zone. This project investigated the replacement of the 20% acetic acid feed with MicroC 2000 to one of the biological reactors to compare its performance to acetic acid. The intent was to reduce chemical costs while achieving similar phosphorus removal.

Approach and results A study was conducted in the summer of 2012 whereby one train was converted from acetic acid to MicroC 2000. It was successful and the entire plant was converted to MicroC 2000 in August 2012. Final effluent TP is below permit objectives for all three scenarios and % TP removal is roughly equivalent. TN discharge was noticeably lower with MicroC 2000. It successfully displaced acetic acid for EBPR at this fa-

cility, resulting in a feed rate reduction of 220 gpd and an estimated savings of approximately 30%. (See Table 1) Conclusions Biological nutrient removal processes for wastewater treatment provide a cost-effective method to better meet the ever-changing nutrient discharge compliance limits. Optimization of BNR

We bring water back to life.

facilities may be required to successfully achieve the required level of nutrient reduction. Addition of carbon sources may be required for BNR optimization or to avoid costly plant upgrades.

Sara Arabi and Mehran Andalib are with Environmental Operating Solutions Inc. Email: sarabi@microc.com.

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July/August 2015 | 35

Infrastructure

Implications of climate change on Ontario’s municipal infrastructure By Jinliang Liu, Hong Liu and Joyce Arabian

C

limate change is an ongoing discussion in the scientific community, with efforts from scientists, policy makers and other players to accurately project future climate variables.

Models are continuously being updated in attempts to better fit historical data as well as to better represent regional climate patterns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) combines international scientific information to collaboratively improve climate change reporting. Its main activity is to prepare assessment reports about climate change.

Updated reports are typically published every five to seven years (IPCC, 2013). The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) was released in 2007. The latest, the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) was released in late 2014.

The goal of the IPCC’s reports is to provide updated research on the socio-economic aspects of climate change, as well as more detailed regional information. The reports are based on modelled data projecting changes in climate variables, including temperature and precipitation. AR5 is based on these newly improved models, with inputs from countries all over the world.

Understanding the differences between the AR5 and AR4 projections is critical for future municipal planning to adapt to the changing climate. Analyses in this study showed that

AR5 ensemble projections are statistically different from the AR4 ensemble projections of temperature and precipitation. The AR5 ensemble projections are consistently higher than AR4 ones.

In other words, the new model results under AR5, project warmer annual mean temperatures in the future than those under AR4, by a range from 0.7°C to 2.5°C. The range of per cent change in projected precipitation is from -1.5% to 15.4%. Larger differences in temperature are found near large water bodies, such as the Great Lakes.

Overall, with evidence that the AR5 projections are statistically significantly different from the AR4 ones, and more in line with historical observations, it is clear that there is a need to re-evaluate previous studies conducted using AR4 model results.

Jinliang Liu, Ph.D., is with the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change. Hong Liu, Ph.D., is with Dillon Consulting. Joyce Arabian is with the University of Toronto.

For more information, Email:hliu@dillon.ca

See the whole article and findings online at: www.esemag.com/IPCC-report

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Odour Control

New odour control system allows powdered yeast product plant to re-open By Martin Slepkov

When wastewater entered the treatment basin it released sodium selenite, a robust and heavy compound that smells like horseradish and rotten eggs.

L

allemand was founded in Montréal at the end of the 19th century and now develops, produces and markets enriched active/inactive yeast, bacteria and derivatives of micro-organisms for bakeries, wine, beer and other alcohol beverage producers. The company also supplies industries such as animal and human nutrition, pharmaceutical, other food manufacturers and the agriculture industry.

Today, Lallemand is a global leader in yeast and bacteria production, with 26 manufacturing sites throughout the world, employing over 2,800 people.

The company’s Bio-Ingredients Di-

38 | July/August 2015

vision was formed in 1984 to develop value-added products while optimizing the seasonally available extra capacity in the yeast fermentation plants, and to recover biomass from fermentation. Lallemand Bio-Ingredients purchased an out-of-commission powdered food ingredient facility located in Tara, Ontario.

In 2014, it began to convert the Tara plant to dry food and feed yeast by upgrading the facility’s existing equipment. Recruiting staff that had been employed at the plant two years earlier and using local contractors, an engineering team from the Quebec facility brought the once dormant production plant back to life.

Yeast products are made in various forms, including powder, liquid and paste. Functions of inactive yeast and yeast extracts include water-binding, emulsifying, and adding nutritional value such as vitamins D and B-complex. It is a high quality protein that is also used as a taste enhancement. Manufacturing such a product is done with strict quality compliance for safety and consistency and testing is conducted throughout production, meeting Halal and Kosher certifications.

Drying yeast products is very tedious and the byproduct can be rather odorous. Receiving liquid yeast via tanker trucks from the Montréal facility, the

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Odour Control raw material is pumped into a gas box dryer. Gas from the drying process is exhausted to atmosphere. Separated wastewater flows to a 530 m3 treatment basin across the street, at a rate of 12 to 15 litres per minute when the plant is in full operation.

As the plant began operation, the surrounding community began to experience odours and expressed their concerns. One issue was that the plant’s odour control system burner did not have sufficient capacity to treat the drying process’s 18,000 cfm exhaust stream. So, Lallemand made plans to increase the burner’s capacity by installing additional ports to improve its efficiency. This would also increase exhaust retention time, allowing the retrofitted oxidation equipment more time to achieve its goals.

However, it was soon apparent that the wastewater treatment basin was the major odour source and not the dryer exhaust stack discharge. When wastewater entered the treatment basin, it released aerosolized sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃).

www.esemag.com

As the plant began operation, the surrounding community began to experience odours and expressed their concerns.

This inorganic compound is robust, very heavy and smells like horseradish and rotten eggs. It can travel long distances, following low lying ground.

By early December 2014, working in partnership with the Municipality of Tara and the local office of the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Lallemand Bio-Ingredients agreed to shut down all production until the problem could be effectively resolved.

With help from an Owen Sound, Ontario-based engineering firm specializing in environmental analysis and solutions, a plan was developed to cover the 41 m wide x 19 m oval shaped water basin by constructing a 1.2 m concrete retaining wall with a rigid 9 metre canvas dome.

This would trap the aerosolized sodium selenite for treatment by a custom engineered odour abatement technology. continued overleaf...

July/August 2015 | 39

Odour Control To avoid having to renovate the current wastewater treatment building to accommodate a chemical scrubber or media absorption device as well as air handling infrastructure, Lallemand chose Odorox® atmospheric hydroxyl generating technology from Hydroxyl Environmental Inc. It has proven to be successful with other wastewater treatment plant applications in Ontario for treating hydrogen sulfide. Since the electron potential of atmospheric hydroxyls exceeds that of Na₂SeO₃, this was an odour problem Odorox could also solve.

Odorox hydroxyl generators have been independently tested and scientifically verified. They produce the same steady state levels of atmospheric hydroxyl radicals and other oxidants as the sun’s rays in our atmosphere. These oxidants react with volatile organic compounds, water vapour and other chemicals in the air to generate the same mixture of organic byproducts produced in nature.

These byproducts continue to be oxidized until they yield O2, CO2, H2O,

Hydroxyl generators are housed in a shed adjacent to the treatment basin.

etc., as found in nature. The technology can be used in occupied spaces as proven through recent independent, FDA compliant toxicology studies, which showed animals exposed to Odorox treated air were no different than unexposed animals.

Based on the economical odour abatement solution that Hydroxyl En-

vironmental offered and the research the client had done investigating the technology, it agreed to move forward with Odorox equipment. All that was needed to accommodate the hydroxyl generators was a concrete pad for an aluminum storage shed, and the retrofit of two simple static ventilation screens.

The shed was assembled adjacent to the

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40 | July/August 2015

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Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Odour Control R.V. Anderson Associates Limited appoints new President and Vice President

Shawn N. Scott, P.Eng. President & CEO Shawn Scott, P.Eng. was appointed as the President & CEO of R.V. Anderson Associates Limited by the firm’s Board of Directors in April 2015.

Through the past 24 years of service, Shawn has developed a proven record of operational leadership, strategy development, customer service, team building, financial management, and relationship management.

Generators blow hydroxyl rich air into the basin enclosure.

dome and 9 metres from the current wastewater treatment building, where a 120v dedicated 20 amp service was made available to power the generators, and a single Odorox automation control panel was mounted.

Sitting within the shed on separate elevated aluminum platforms, two MVP14™ hydroxyl generators, each with its own 1,400 cfm blower package, draw clean outdoor air through the static ventilation screens and then blow hydroxyl-rich air through a 35.5 cm cut-out within the dome and shed walls.

The 4,757 m3 domed structure created the perfect retention vehicle to allow generated hydroxyl ions to break robust Na₂SeO₃ molecular bonds, thus neutralizing the odour.

Mounted close to the exhaust vent within the dome is a Draeger Polytron 7000 oxidant sensor, which is used by the Odorox controller to adjust hydroxyl production from the generators. This unit measures oxidant concentration and compares it to pre-set limits within the controller. If the hydroxyl oxidant production is measured below the setpoint, it is assumed that the generated hydroxyls are being consumed in reactions with odorous compounds and the device receives a signal to maintain hydroxyl production.

Once the measured oxidant level is above a set-point, hydroxyl production is stopped. This results in energy www.esemag.com

As Vice President of Regional Operations for the past six years, Shawn provided corporate oversight and leadership for RVA’s eight Canadian branch offices. Through this role, he has been involved in many of the firm’s marquee projects. RVA’s culture of ownership and service excellence will continue under his direction.

savings and optic life extension over an “always-on” configuration. This automation feature and the ease at which the Odorox system could be connected to Lallemand’s internal network was another factor in the company’s decision to move forward. Hydroxyl production levels and other system status data are monitored through a web application. This allows engineers and maintenance staff to follow in real time the environmental conditions in the basin dome from their smartphones, or home computers.

In March 2015, Lallemand Bio-Ingredients received approval from the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change to restart production. The company is continuing to work with residents of Tara as part of their commitment to eliminating all lingering fugitive odour concerns.

Martin Slepkov is with Hydroxyl Environmental Inc. Email: mslepkov@sympatico.ca, or visit www.hydroxylenvironmental.com Odorox and MVP14 are registered trademarks of HGI Industry, Boynton Beach, Florida

Vincent L. Nazareth, P.Eng. Vice President Vincent Nazareth P.Eng. was appointed as a Vice President of R.V. Anderson Associates Limited by the firm’s Board of Directors in April 2015.

Over the past 28 years with RVA, Vincent has developed an extensive wastewater portfolio, with special expertise in biosolids.

He became the firm’s Manager of Municipal Wastewater in 2002 and a Principal of firm in 2006.

His experience includes many of the firm’s key wastewater projects, both in Canada and overseas. In his new role, he will be focussing on international ventures, as well as expanding our domestic wastewater capabilities. Internally, he will also provide corporate leadership for critical areas related to human resources and information technology.

toronto niagara ottawa sudbury london moncton fredericton st. john’s mumbai www.rvanderson.com

Environmental Science Engineering July/August 2015 | 41 2.125” x 10” July 2015

Water Conservation

Plastic cooling towers can help industrial water conservation efforts

E

vaporative cooling towers are popular because they provide a cost-effective cooling technology for industrial processes.

However, with severe drought conditions throughout western United States and Canada, the issue of reducing cooling tower water usage, by possibly millions of litres per year for a single unit, is now of great importance.

Unfortunately, techniques used to reduce water requirements involve alkaline and high pH water treatment chemistries that can rapidly destroy galvanized metal cooling towers. So, to improve water conservation, facility engineers are faced with the prospect of replacing these cooling towers at an accelerated rate of every five to eight years on average.

This is opening the door for more engineered plastic cooling tower applications that are impervious to very high (and low) pH water, as well as other chemicals. Such units can withstand the rigours of decades of service in the harshest industrial or environmental conditions.

Cooling tower water usage For each facility, a certain amount of water loss is expected due to the nature of the evaporative process that puts the “cooling” in cooling towers. Drift, water in the form of fine mist lost into the atmosphere, is also considered unavoidable. Water lost to both evaporation and drift must be replaced on an ongoing basis for the system to remain at full efficiency. Avoidable water loss, however, is another matter.

Hard water used in cooling towers contains calcium and magnesium salts.

The evaporative process leaves these solids behind in the water in increasing concentrations. Left undiluted, they cause scaling on equipment surfaces. Even a small amount of scale in the system decreases the efficiency of heat transfer, resulting in decreased productivity in industrial processes. In severe cases, scale can completely plug heat exchangers and piping.

42 | July/August 2015

When combined, sophisticated water chemistries and engineered plastic cooling towers are an extremely effective solution to water conservation.

To protect against this, some water is removed and replaced with fresh makeup water. Water drained from cooling equipment is called “blowdown” or “bleed” water. The same terms apply

Water lost to both evaporation and drift must be replaced on an ongoing basis for the system to remain at full efficiency.

Avoidable water loss, however, is another matter. to any unintentional water loss due to leaks, overflow, etc. This is water loss that can potentially be prevented or, at a minimum, greatly reduced. There-

fore, water conservation efforts are primarily focused on achieving so-called “zero blowdown” to greatly reduce the amount of makeup water required.

Achieving “zero blowdown” The primary method of reducing blowdown involves using chemical additives to impede scaling. These chemicals extend the solubility of minerals, so higher concentrations can exist in the water without causing scale or corrosion.

More advanced techniques include using treated “soft” water (no calcium or magnesium salts) through the cooling tower. SofTek, from ProChemTech, can reduce water blowdown use by 33% - 40%. Using 100% softened water, it is an alkaline chemistry with cooling pH levels ranging from 8.5 to 9.5. This exceeds the 8.2 level at which aggressive “white rust” becomes a major corrosion issue for galvanized metals. Although this can be managed with a white rust inhibitor, the corrosive na-

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Water Conservation Issues impeding water conservation efforts Although sophisticated water chemistries and engineered plastic cooling towers combined are an extremely effective solution to water conservation, Timothy Keister, of ProChemTech, says there are two systemic problems that his company has identified standing in the way of specifying such solutions.

“The first problem is that government contracts for water treatment go to the low bid. There is no consideration of water conservation in government bidding practices. The other systemic problem is that the major building management firms are also interested primarily in the lowest priced bid, because they have to pay for it.

Their tenants pay for the water used”.

Keister believes the better solution would be to establish water conservation requirements and award jobs giving due consideration to the importance of water conservation, not just price.

ture of the water can still wreak havoc on traditional galvanized metal towers.

Engineered plastic towers In a recent application, ProChemTech was asked to redesign the furnace cooling system for Anchor Hocking Glassware. Cooling is critical for glass plants where furnaces are used to melt glass at 2200 degrees. Without water running through the system, the cooling jackets on the furnaces could build up steam and explode.

When the plant’s air coil fluid cooler became so corroded it needed to be replaced, the company requested a plastic tower from Delta Cooling.

In the new system, the plastic cooling tower discharges cold water into a cold well inside the plant. Cool water is then pumped through a stainless steel plateand-frame heat exchanger before it is returned to the tower.

Furnace cooling water is recirculated by a closed loop system which is cooled by the heat exchanger, retaining the closed loop design provided by the fluid cooler.

The plant’s air coil fluid cooler became so corroded it needed to be replaced.

CASE STUDY “Chicken Processor”

SOLUTION ISSUE: P rogressive Ontario based

chicken processing company expands capacity while surrounded by a rapidly growing urban retail, office and residential population base.

PROBLEM: Birds dressed on conveying systems through stunning, Halal/Kosher, hot water scalding, de-feathering, evisceration and chilling processes create extensive fugitive odors. Community odor complaints escalate, leading to extensive pressure from the Ministry of the Environment. www.esemag.com

SOLUTION: A fter years of installed

exhaust air dispersion, misting and masking, enzymes, electronic purifiers, ozone generators, and air scrubbing technologies fail to resolve the problem, an engineered system of Odorox® atmospheric hydroxyl generating units became the successful solution.

OUTCOME: Odor complaints stop and clearance is received by the MOECC. Producer continues to expand production while in harmony with the surrounding community.

For more information, visit www.deltacooling.com

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Site Remediation

Geographic information system technology used for abandoned mine site remediation By Brian Kerr

Ontario government cleanup of the abandoned Deloro Mine and refining facilities that operated on a 200-hectare property for almost 100 years.

A

geographic information system (GIS) analyzes spatial data used in land information management. Data are collected by earth-orbiting satellites, air- and sea-borne sensors, and groundbased instruments, then processed and interpreted using computers and software programs.

Software captures and manages the geographic features and integrates attribute or descriptive information about such features in one single relational database environment. GIS is not just an improved, digital version of the traditional paper map.

It involves collecting and analyzing spatial and other data as they relate to specific geographic entities, rather than

44 | July/August 2015

simply displaying them on a map.

Data related to a property might include the lot area, address, ownerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name, type of house, number, age and gender of occupants, school support, assessment value, type of soil, and so on. Intelligent use of these data makes GIS a very powerful technology for engineering and planning.

The global positioning system (GPS) has improved acquisition of positional data. These improvements in time, cost and methodology augment the integration of positional data with attribute data. The combination of GIS and GPS delivers spatial data that are often presented in two and three dimensional files for decision-making.

GPS is a faster option for integrating

relatively far-flung project components into an overall project control network than using total station (TS) measurement for lengthy control traverses. It provides accurate connections without the need for line of sight observations between control stations, avoiding the need for cutting long bush lines for traversing. It also provides the ability to set control stations in safer locations than might have been dictated by network geometry established by TS traversing.

Geomatics professionals can be found in most businesses providing design and land information management services. Using GIS applications and GPS technology, measurement can be expected at the centimetre and sub-cen-

Environmental Science &â&#x20AC;&#x2C6;Engineering Magazine

Site Remediation timetre level of accuracy. On many projects, this level of accuracy is within the levels expected. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) may be used in the preparation of a GIS product, with layers of topographic data, forest cover, or spatial details of a settlement, and other data sets. When combined with GPS, data can be streamed to a remote base for real-time analysis.

With the implementation of GIS, professional land surveyors are able to present information to a project team, clients and regulators in a straightforward way. They can also answer questions and solve problems by looking at the data through a method that is comprehensive and easily shared.

Layers of information brought together from scientists, surveyors and engineers support the life cycle of a project, while also allowing integration of data from different spectrums within the geomatics professional’s office.

Combining that information in one understandable image translates into mitigating costs and environmental impacts on projects.

A GIS was created to assist in the restoration of the contaminated Moira River shoreline.

Applications of a GIS with GPS technology often include environmental and natural resources applications.

Such was the application of GIS for the

cleanup of the Deloro Mine and refining facilities that operated on a 200-hectare property for almost 100 years, uncontinued overleaf...

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Site Remediation

The design requirements dictated the need for a 3D representation of the substrata and centimetre precision achievable by total station measurements.

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46 | July/August 2015

til 1989. The site is contaminated with arsenic, heavy metals and low-level radioactive waste. In 2011, a multi-year cleanup project was initiated by the Ontario government.

In 2011 and 2012, a GIS was created in AutoCad software by McIntosh Perry Surveying Inc. to assist in the restoration of 0.8 kilometres of the shoreline of the Moira River, where it flows through the abandoned mine site near Deloro, Ontario. Since then, the company has continued to build and integrate the GIS database for the areas of the site beyond the Moira River project.

At the mine site, the river was found to contain contaminants at significantly higher than acceptable limits. An extensive geologic analysis of the west bank within the Deloro site revealed varying depths of soil underlain by bedrock. To prevent contaminants from leaching into the river, it was determined that the soils would have to be removed and replaced with clean, uncontaminated materials.

No information existed about the exact length of the riverbank to be remediated, the amount of soil to be removed and replaced, or the amount of exposed bedrock. So, McIntosh Perry was commissioned to compile a detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of

the riverbank, including a topographic survey, so that design engineers could develop the remediation plan.

Among others, design criteria called for detailed and precise measurements of the amount of soil to be removed for remediation, depths to bedrock,

The cleanup plan includes construction of two engineered covers and one engineered containment cell.

Rainfall and snowmelt is directed away from the engineered covers to keep water from penetrating contaminated material. and test-hole locations. These design requirements dictated the need for a 3D representation of the sub-strata and centimetre precision achievable by total station measurements.

TS measurements allowed the creation of a local database for the riverbank project. Since the design information required a high level of accuracy

Environmental Science &â&#x20AC;&#x2C6;Engineering Magazine

Site Remediation (sub-centimetre), TS was most applicable for that portion of the survey.

The design information database was integrated into the overall site control, with centimetre-plus accuracy achievable with GPS positioning equipment.

Elevations were taken by conventional TS methods at all visible breaklines, including changes in surface materials (exposed bedrock, soil and vegetated areas) and the shoreline along the bank.

Survey data were then integrated with the pre-existing geodetic control network using real time kinematic (RTK) GPS measurements.

Previously-sampled test-hole elevations were added to the GIS data and a digital terrain model of the riverbank was created. This allowed design engineers to calculate the volumes of soil to be removed and replaced, and to design the bank stabilization measures and barriers necessary to capture and prevent silt run-off into the river.

The GIS database built by the surveyors was exported to the design engineers for their use in developing the

A detailed 3D model of the riverbank provided data for engineers to design a remediation plan.

remediation design. The GIS, together with the remediation design, became the base for the creation of the construction drawings. Removal of the contaminated soils, laying of replacement materials, slope stabilization and waterway protection measures were initiated in 2013 and completed in 2015.

The cleanup plan includes construction of two engineered covers and one engineered containment cell. Rainfall and snowmelt is directed away from the engineered covers to keep water from pen-

etrating contaminated material. Ongoing operation of an arsenic treatment plant will continue pumping and treating contaminated groundwater for many years after the engineered covers are built.

Eventually, the site will be a closed and controlled hazardous waste facility. It will not accept waste from outside sources.

Brian Kerr, O.L.S., C.L.S. is with McIntosh Perry.

Email:b.kerr@mcintoshperry.com

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July/August 2015 | 47

Water Supply

Surprise leaks lead to short-term rehab of a 90 year-old water reservoir By Mark Bruder and Matthew McGrath

T

he Peterborough Utilities Commission (PUC) in Ontario treats raw water from the Otonabee River for distribution to over 80,000 customers. It wholly owns and manages its infrastructure and utilizes multiple water storage tanks and on-site reservoirs at the water treatment plant. Total water storage capacity is 45,000 m³. At the plant, average operation flow is 55 million litres per day (MLD), with a rated capacity of 104 MLD. One particular reservoir at the plant is a 50 m x 50 m x 5 m deep buried concrete tank that was constructed in the 1920s. It consists of a chlorine contact tank (CCT#1) and a clear-well (CW#3), separated by a central dividing wall. The reservoir also contains internal chambers for influent and effluent flow. There is also cast-in-place bypass piping that was constructed in the mid 1990s for emergency situations. This reservoir accounts for roughly 10% of PUC’s total water storage capacity.

In 2013, PUC retained R.V. Anderson Associates Limited (RVA) to provide consulting engineering services and to produce contract documents for a new 36 m x 36 m x 5 m deep reservoir at the water treatment plant. This reservoir would consist of a CCT#2, a CW#4, and associated connection chambers. It was to be situated south of the existing reservoir, and positioned to minimize disturbance of existing structures.

In early October 2014, while the base slab of the new reservoir was under construction, the 1920s reservoir had a leak event that partially flooded the new construction site. Water was flowing through the southern berm that backfilled the existing reservoir at an elevation corresponding to the underside of the floor slab.

PUC undertook immediate action to empty the reservoir so that RVA could complete a visual condition assessment.

The primary focus was to evaluate the structural integrity of the reservoir and provide repair recommendations to

48 | July/August 2015

During construction of a new reservoir, a leak from the existing 1920s reservoir flooded the construction site.

Diagram of the water reservoir built in the 1920s.

recommission it as soon as possible.

CCT#1 and CW#3 were emptied while the influent and effluent chambers remained in use under emergency bypass operations.

Condition assessment The leak was thought to have originated from some of the 320 linear metres of small to large cracks (<1 mm to 25 mm) scattered across the floor slab.

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Water Supply When the reservoir was in operation, and varying liquid levels were present in the CCT#1 and CW#3, water leaked through the floor cracks. It travelled laterally, creating an interconnected network of voids underneath the slab. Fortunately, the reservoir had been built on native silty clay which provided some resistance against erosion when subjected to leaking water. Once the excavation for the new reservoir was complete, the water found a path through the southern berm and was no longer contained by the silty clay.

The majority of cracks were found to be in the floor slab and were parallel to column grid lines. They ran from wall to wall in both directions and at regular intervals. Many of the cracks coincided with construction joints that were not properly prepared and likely did not include a waterstop. Some of the floor cracks were diagonal to the grid which indicated concrete shrinkage during construction.

Deterioration of the concrete walls and columns was present throughout the reservoir, probably due to the combined effects of concrete segregation during construction and chemical attack throughout its extended lifespan.

Segregation allowed chlorinated water to attack the concrete which reduced its strength and further accelerated deterioration. Several columns had previously been repaired by the installation of concrete jackets around their bases. This was probably done as a result of heavy segregation during construction.

Water was also found to be leaking into the reservoir from the influent and effluent chambers via the slab-wall interface, due to the absence of a waterstop in the joint. Although these leaks were not a water quality or safety concern, they resulted in 100 mm of standing water across the CCT#1 and CW#3.

In addition, a thin layer of alum residue was present across the floor and within cracks. This made it challenging to identify the size and location of cracks during the visual condition assessment.

Despite the noted deficiencies, the reservoir was deemed to be in repairable condition. Some of the deficiencies required immediate, short-term repairs prior to recommissioning. Others were considered to be long-term repairs that www.esemag.com

could be postponed until after the new reservoir was commissioned.

Short-term repair plan Due to the presence of voids underneath the floor slab, the structural integrity of the reservoir could be reduced.

Therefore, short-term repairs included sealing floor cracks with polyurethane injection and filling voids with con-

crete grout. This would strengthen the foundations, improve stability, help to reduce leakage, and permit temporary recommissioning of the reservoir.

Due to the extremely cold temperatures in January and February 2015, sub-contractors were constantly exposed to blistering winds and temperatures well below -20ÂşC. This was coupled with the continued overleaf...

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www.WEFTEC.org July/August 2015 | 49

Water Supply

Pressurized water leaking from influent chamber interfered with construction efforts.

threat of frazzle ice in the Otonabee River blocking up the raw water intake and reducing flows into the plant. Thus, it was critical to rapidly complete the shortterm repairs while maintaining operation of the water treatment plant and ensuring the health and safety of the workforce.

This was accomplished with confined space procedures, constant communication between all parties, and strong qualcv ADD JULY 2015.ai 1 2015-07-16 8:06:13 AM ity assurance coordination.

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Injecting cracks in the floor of the reservoir.

Staging of repair efforts was necessary, since crack injection required removal of all standing water. Floor cracks had to be sealed to keep the grout within the voids. Although local standing water could be cleared with squeegees, pressurized water leaking from the influent chamber necessitated the construction of sandbag walls wrapped with watertight polyethylene sheets. Once contained, this water was then pumped to a

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sump inside the reservoir.

Potable water dive A potable water dive in the influent and effluent chambers was completed to help locate and repair (on the positive pressure side) any cracks through which water was leaking into the reservoir.

This was done primarily to help reduce dewatering efforts inside the reservoir prior to crack injection.

The patching material was hydraulic cement, a one-component, cement-based, NSF certified, fast-setting waterstop mortar. The procedure involved wedging hand-sized balls of cement into large cracks. The high density of the cement would inhibit washout and its hydraulic properties initiate curing immediately upon contact with water.

Plant operators arranged a fourhour window each day where the flow through the influent and effluent chambers would be stopped for the safety of the diver. Diving and logistical operations were contained in a small truck parked nearby. Clean surfaces were laid out across the ground and all equipment was disinfected prior to the dive. The thick neoprene diving suit consisted of lifelines, a safety harness, and audio/ video recording equipment. The diver also brought along a ruler for measuring crack widths, and a ribbon to track flows through the floor slab or wall-slab interface.

Despite the repair efforts by the dive team over two days, cracks inside the influent and effluent chambers were not fully sealed by the hydraulic cement.

This was due to large flows at the crack

Environmental Science &â&#x20AC;&#x2C6;Engineering Magazine

Water Supply

Preparing for potable water dive in effluent chamber.

interface and visual impairment of the diver during patching, as the water became murky upon first contact with the hydraulic cement. Ultimately, in the short-term, patching these cracks was purely to reduce dewatering efforts in the CCT#1 and CW#3. It was not critical to recommissioning the reservoir.

Crack injection Crack injection was completed with a hydrophilic and flexible polyurethane resin that is NSF certified and suitable for potable water applications. Typically, over 60 linear metres of cracks were repaired each day, using the condition assessment report as a baseline for crack locations and lengths.

The crack injection procedure began by drilling staggered holes at 150 mm centres on either side of the crack, and at

Pressure grouting through hole in slab.

30 degrees from vertical, until the drill bit passed through the base of the crack.

Then, plastic packers were hammered into the holes, followed by flushing debris from the crack with pressurized water at 2000 psi. Finally, polyurethane was injected through the packer until the white liquid became visible. The crack sealed as the polyurethane reacted with water, expanded and hardened.

On average, a crack required 0.5 litres of polyurethane per linear metre to be adequately sealed. If more than 0.5 litres flowed through a packer, then it was likely that a void was present beneath the slab at that location. Over 160 m of floor cracks were repaired in CCT#1 and another 160 m in CW#3.

Roughly 40 m of very small and previously unobserved cracks were discovered and sealed during grouting.

COMPLETE

Grouting of voids Grouting the voids underneath the floor slab was completed in the winter months. This necessitated a heated and ventilated on-site batching plant and a water source line. The grouting apparatus was small enough to fit through the hatches in CCT#1 and CW#3. It included a grout return line to prevent freezing. Valves for throttling the flow, a magnetic flow meter and an electronic pressure transducer were key elements to ensure quality control.

The basic grouting procedure included: drilling 25 mm diameter holes through the floor slab at a regular spacing of 2.5 m; pumping grout under minimal pressure into one hole; tracking from which adjacent hole, if any, grout emerged after it had travelled lateralcontinued overleaf...

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July/August 2015 | 51

Water Supply ly through a void and filled it up; and, plugging holes with wood dowels once clean grout emerged.

Each hole was filled systematically and volumes of pumped grout were recorded. Grout refusal at any hole indicated a lack of voids at that specific location.

The primary focus during the grouting operation was to prevent the floor slab from heaving while the grout was being pumped. The floor is a two-way slab on grade with a 5 m span and a thickness of 225 mm. As-built drawings and historical construction photos indicated that only minimal “temperature” reinforcement exists within the slab.

This means that there is virtually no upward bending capacity in the slab.

Pressure was limited to 5 kPa, which is equal to the weight of the slab. This pressure constraint posed significant challenges for the sub-contractor to accurately measure low pressures and to utilize a grout mix with sufficient fluidity to be pumped an average distance of 2.5 m under 5 kPa. Throughout the grouting operation,

Injecting grout into ceiling cracks.

the sub-contractor would continually

read and throttle the flow rate and pressure as required, to prevent the floor from heaving and cracking. A safe flow rate and uplift pressure had been calculated and validated in the field prior to initiating full mobilization. With the grout return line, the volume of wasted grout was minimized and the risk of over-pressurizing the slab was significantly reduced.

The recommended grout mix consisted of 120 litres of water, 80 kg of Portland cement, and 5 kg of Bentonite. The target Marsh Funnel time was 35 to 45 seconds, the target specific gravity was 1.4, and the target compressive strength at 28 days was 5 MPa. These properties ensured a dense yet fluid grout that was able to displace water and flow under low pressures. Field testing included Marsh Cone tests, Mud Balance tests, and taking multiple grout cubes to ensure that the targeted properties were achieved.

Ultimately, the majority of voids were located and filled by “chasing” them, like a detective following clues.

Over a period of three weeks, a total of

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52 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Sustainable Ecosystems

Water Supply

Soil retaining system helps urban trees reach maturity

14 m³ of grout was used, with 11 m³ di- the new reservoir is nearing completion. will continue to successfully service the rectly pumped into voids and 3 m³ used Although not all of the leaks were needs of PUC and the citizens of Peterfor quality control, pressure line loss eliminated, structural stability has been borough for at least another 30 years.

Byof Eric Keshavarzi tests, or waste at the end each day. restored to the old reservoir and there is no longer a threat of lost time on the Mark Bruder, P.Eng., and Long-term repair planand sus- new construction site due to flooding. It Matthew McGrath, EIT, are with reen infrastructure The scope of work completed R.V. Anderson Associates Limited. tainability goals are to of date in- is anticipated that, after long-term reis considered short-term, as additional Email: mbruder@rvanderson.com creasing importance, and pairs are completed, the 1920s reservoir long-term repairs are them required to further achieving requires techextend the lifespan the 1920s resernical knowledge andoftraining in varied Canadian Water and Wastewater Association voir.

Long-term repairs will betrees completfields.

Integration of soil and into ed once the substantially new reservoirimproves is in service urban areas susand the old is completely detainability andreservoir helps alleviate some of our commissioned dewatered.

At that most pressing and ecological challenges. point, a finalair visual condition These include and water quality,assessrising ment of the entire reservoir, including temperatures, flooding and erosion from the the influent and effluent dailyinteriors rainfall of events. chambers, will beLands, undertaken.

The West Don in Toronto, OnSome long-term that repairs include tario, is a community is people forehabilitating deteriorated walls and cused, family friendly, environmentally columns. will include sustainableThis and work beautifully designedhigh for pressure water blasting,

by Installation of Silva Cells in Mill Street. living. It has a Stage 1 LEEDfollowed ND GOLD finishing withunder a suitable patching repair certification the pilot program es- development is new. In fact, the West Don soil. The structure has 92% void space mortar andbycementitious waterproofing. tablished the U.S. Green Building Lands streets are the first in a Toronto and is a stable surface for the installation Some columns will be jacketed with subdivision to be designed with this sys- of vehicle loaded-pavements.

Council. concrete to ensure that chlorinated water tem installed under parking lay-bys and One notable sustainable component, When properly installed, they can can no longer attack the segregated con- sidewalks. utilized in the design of the area’s streets, achieve an AASHTO H-20 load rating. crete or the exposedsystem reinforcing is a soil retaining calledsteel.

Silva Mill Street was the first subdivision Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code

G

National Water and Wastewater Conference

Cells™. Typical urban trees in the city Conclusions seven years. core die after approximately Due to the quick thinking of the PeterHowever, Silva Cells help extend their borough Commission, and the life spans,Utilities thus promoting the growth of collective experience of the operators, mature street trees. contractors Althoughand thethe Cityconsultant, of Torontothe hadshortpreterm rehabilitation successviously used Silvaefforts Cells were as part of a ful.

The old reservoir pilot was program recommisstormwater management in sioned and is currently in operation The Queensway, their use as part ofwhile site

street in Toronto beCanadian designedAssociation to include for Water loading can also be achieved through apin conjunction withtothe Quality’s this soil retaining system. Asonthe lead National Symposium Water Research propriate design. This is the required load engineering consultant, R.V.Anderson rating for structures such as underground Associates coordinated all plans and spec- vaults, covers and grates in areas of trafifications with the landscape architect. fic including sidewalks and parking lots.

About Silva Cells The cell structure transfers the force to a Silva Cells are a plastic/fiberglass base layer below the structure. www.cwwawatergo.com structure of columns and beams that supSoil within the cells remains at low #watergo2015 port paving above un-compacted planting compaction rates, thereby creating ideal

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www.densona.com Toronto • Edmonton Denso North America Inc. 90 Ironside Cres. Unit 12 Toronto, ON M1X 1M3 Tel: 416.291.3435 Fax: 416.291.0898

July/August Magazine 2015 | 53 Environmental Science & Engineering

Product & Service Showcase Cloth media filter

The new Aqua MegaDisk™ cloth media filter features 30% larger diameter disks than the original AquaDisk filter and is capable of treating up to 24 MGD in a single unit. This filter operates in 80% less space than sand filters with comparable hydraulic capacity and is an ideal solution for deep-bed sand filter retrofits.

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UltraFiltration membranes

The Aqua UltraFiltration™ system featuring Aqua MultiBore® membranes combines membrane strength with high permeability which provides exceptional effluent quality, meeting the most stringent requirements. This external system is ideal for reverse osmosis pre-treatment plants and drinking and industrial water, and tertiary wastewater and reuse applications that require low effluent suspended solids or phosphorus.

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ACG Technology

Online education

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That’s why we offer dynamic and collaborative environmental studies that are affordable and online, including: • Environmental Policy & Management • Environmental Sustainability • Global Environmental Management

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Laboratory testing

The Canadian Council of Independent Laboratories (CCIL) represents the independent, private-sector testing industry in Canada. The more than 330 member facilities across the country play a vital role in ensuring the quality and safety of water, air, soil, food, crops, roads, buildings, and more.

T: 613-746-3919 www.ccil.com

Canadian Council of Independent Laboratories

Prevent corrosion

To address hydraulic fittings failure due to corrosion, Denso introduces grey Colour Tape. A petrolatum/wax tape with a built in primer and UV stabilizer, this tape can easily be applied to fittings on vehicles and equipment to prevent corrosion and enable simple disconnection. Colour Tape does not harden and can easily be removed for access.

T: 416-559-7459, F: 416-291-0898 E: stuart@densona-ca.com www.densona-ca.com

Denso

Double-membrane gasholders

GTI is now the exclusive distributor of VSO Biogas Technologies’ double-membrane gasholders in Canada and the United States. These innovative gasholders safely store and regulate biogas generated from anaerobic digestion. Use collected biogas to produce heat and electricity, tapping into a renewable energy source that helps lower operational costs and protect the environment.

T: 855-484-4630, F: 506-452-6625 E: covers@gticovers.com www.gticovers.com

Geomembrane Technologies

Containerized bioreactors

TILT is one of the lowest cost wastewater treatment systems available on the market. Extremely compact, reliable and robust, it is easily transportable anywhere - ship by rail, truck and cargo ship. With a central control panel and fully automatic, it offers easy operation and has low maintenance, capital and operating costs. Assembly and start up are simple.

T: 905-660-9775, F: 905-660-9744 E: info@h2flow.com www.h2flowTILT.com

H2Flow Equipment

Remote monitoring data logger

The HOBO RX3000 is Onset’s next-generation remote data logging station that provides instant access to site-specific environmental data anywhere, anytime via the internet.

Onset’s web-based data logging systems enable real-time, remote access to your data via cellular, Wi-Fi, or Ethernet communications. They can be configured with a wide range of external sensors for measuring weather conditions outdoors, and energy, power and environmental conditions indoors.

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Hoskin Scientific

Granular media

Sorbtive Media, an engineered, granular media, is designed to capture high levels of phosphorus, by adsorbing dissolved phosphorus.

It can be applied to many stormwater treatment systems, including pervious pavement systems, to enhance the overall treatment capability.

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Imbrium Systems

54 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Product & Service Showcase Phosphorus removal system

Meet phosphorus requirements as low as 0.3 mg/L with Nelson Environmental’s opTPhos complete phosphorus removal system with disk filter. It is a user-friendly, small footprint, low backwash tertiary filter for small or large flows, and is ideal for post-lagoon applications.

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Nelson Environmental

Filtration systems

Orival filtration systems can meet the needs of most water applications where TSS must be reduced.

Filters, pre-filters, manifolds, valves and controls can all be supplied as a designed system.

Orival filters are automatic self-cleaning for labour free operation and can be supplied with hydraulically or electrically driven self-cleaning mechanisms.

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Orival, Inc.

Biodiesel test kits

Fame Check™ test kits are designed to quantify the amount of biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. This c o nv e n i e n t , easy-to-use test method converts the methyl esters in biodiesel blends into free fatty acids, then titrates the resulting acids. It works on all types of biodiesel regardless of source and provides quantitative results from 0-10V%.

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Standard injection packages

Packaged MBR

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ProMinent Fluid Controls

Smith & Loveless

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Metering pump

Coming soon to Canada, ProMinent’s Gamma X is the only pump that can be programmed with your smart phone using Bluetooth technology. Thanks to new technologies, the Gamma X knows what’s happening before it even happens, and it comes with ProMinent’s world-famous reliability and service.

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Retrofit program

Change your “old” inefficient drives to “new” highly efficient drives. SWAPP is a comprehensive assessment program designed to deliver vital information to our clients who are considering optimizing, improving, or replacing their drive system. It also educates our clients on the advancement potential and emerging technologies related to their drive systems.

The TITAN MBR™ packaged membrane bioreactor system economically delivers high quality effluent for up to 3 MGD (131 lps) per tank, allowing for water reuse. Fully submerged in the aeration zone, Smith & Loveless flat-plate membranes maintain high permeability and flux rates, experience less wear and tear, and can be cleaned in place.

Above grade pumping

Smith & Loveless wet well mounted pump stations provide a packaged stormwater and wastewater pumping solution that is simple, safe and economical. All pumps, valves and controls are housed above grade and outside of the wet well, resulting in significant operator safety, ease of operation and life cycle cost advantages.

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Smith & Loveless

Roll-under spill pan

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Trans Environmental Systems’ Truck Spill-Barrow™ was designed for easy, one person, temporary positioning under low hose connection points such as tanker truck drain hose fittings, and hose connection manifolds at liquid transfer sites. The large 60” by 30” pan holds 40 gallons, yet can be safely rolled out from under any release source.

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July/August 2015 | 55

Product & Service Showcase Disposable groundwater filter

The unique, open pleat geometry and 600 cm2 surface area of Waterra’s High Turbidity FHT-45 offers the most surface area available in a capsule-type filter today.

High quality polyethersulphone 0.45 micron filter media provides maximum exposure and excellent particle retention above the target micron size range, while ensuring that you will not lose filtration media to blinding.

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Waterra Pumps

High performance automation

The portable, electrically operated Hydrolift-2 actuator is perfect for purging and sampling 2” diameter monitoring wells, up to 150 to 200 feet deep, and is the ideal choice for the

frequent user of Waterra’s inertial pumping system with moderate to extreme pumping requirements (standard, high and low flows).

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Waterra Pumps

Power and endurance

The PowerPump-2 is the most powerful pump actuator manufactured by Waterra. Powered by a Honda GX100, 3 horsepower, 4 stroke, gasoline motor, it generates a 6” stroke and can operate both Waterra’s standard and high flow systems to their maximum effective depths. It is an excellent choice for those with extreme pumping requirements.

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Waterra Pumps

SCENTROiD Future of Sensory Technology

Odour Management Conference & Technology Showcase September 14th -15th, 2015 Ontario Science Center 770 Don Mills Rd, Toronto, ON, Canada - M3C 1T3

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Strong case for meter

Waterra’s new ReelCase WS-2 is a high quality meter and a rugged, hard case combined into a single unit. It incorporates a pop-out TapeTrack™, reel brake, probe holder and folding support leg into the removable lid of a high quality hard case. Perfect for storage, transportation and operation — your meter will now have the best protection possible.

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56 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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ES&E’s Annual Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions Associations..........................................58 Government Agencies.........................62 Colleges and Universities....................68

ES&E’s Guide To Associations ABORIGINAL WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO PO Box 340 41C Duke St Dryden ON P8N 2Z1 Sarah Campbell saracampbell@knet.ca T: 807-387-3740 F: 807-223-2572 www.awwao.org

AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION 420 Fort Duquesne Blvd z One Gateway Ctr, 3Rd Fl Pittsburgh PA 15222-1435 Stephanie Glyptis sglyptis@awma.org T: 412-232-3444 F: 412-232-3450 www.awma.org

ALBERTA ONSITE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION 18303-60 Ave., Edmonton AB T6M 1T7 Chic Shaw dhshaw@aowma.com T: 877-489-7477 F: 780-486-7414 www.aowma.com

ALBERTA WATER & WASTEWATER OPERATORS ASSOCIATION 10806 - 119 St., Edmonton AB T5H 3P2 Dan Rites drites@awwoa.ca T: 780-454-7745 F: 780-454-7748 www.awwoa.ab.ca

AMERICAN CONCRETE PIPE ASSOCIATION 350-8445 Freeport Parkway Irving TX 75063-2595 Matt Childs mchilds@concrete-pipe.org T: 972-506-7216 F: 972-506-7682 www.concrete-pipe.org

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS

Fl23 - 120 Wall St New York NY 10005-4020 June Wispelwey junew@aiche.org T: 203-702-7660 F: 203-755-5177 www.aiche.org

AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION

700-2345 Grand Blvd Kansas City MO 64108-2625 Peter King pking@apwa.net T: 816-472-6100 F: 816-472-1610 www.apwa.net

58 | July/August 2015

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS

ATLANTIC CANADA WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

AUDITING ASSOCIATION OF CANADA

1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston VA 20191 Robert D Stevens board@asce.org T: 703-295-6300 www.asce.org

6666 W Quincy Ave., Denver CO 80235-3098 David Lafrance dlafrance@awwa.org T: 303-794-7711 www.awwa.org

ASSOCIATED ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSORS OF CANADA INC. PO Box 490 Fenelon Falls ON K0M 1N0 Erik Luzak erik@aesac.ca T: 877-512-3722 www.aesac.ca

PO Box 28141 Dartmouth NS B2W 6E2 Clara Shea contact@acwwa.ca T: 902-434-6002 F: 902-435-7796 www.acwwa.ca 9 Forest Rd Whitby ON L1N 3J6 Todd Hall admin@audtingcanada.com T: 905-404-9511 www.auditingcanada.com

BLOOM CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABILITY 213-1540 Cornwall Rd Oakville ON L6J 7W5 Jeannie Freeborn jfreeborn@bloomcentre.com T: 905-842-1115 F: 905-842-1119 www.bloomcentre.com

ASSOCIATION OF CONSULTING ENGINEERING COMPANIES CANADA

BRITISH COLUMBIA GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

ASSOCIATION OF MUNICIPALITIES OF ONTARIO

BRITISH COLUMBIA WATER & WASTE ASSOCIATION

ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS

CANADIAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ACCREDITATION INC.

ASSOCIATION OF POWER PRODUCERS OF ONTARIO

CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCERS

420-130 Albert St Ottawa ON K1P 5G4 Randi Goddard rgoddard@acec.ca T: 613-236-0569 F: 613-236-6193 www.acec.ca

801-200 University Ave Toronto ON M5H 3C6 Pat Vanini pvanini@amo.on.ca T: 416-971-9856 F: 416-971-6191 www.amo.on.ca

1043 McNicoll Ave Toronto ON M1W 3W6 Blain Martin blain@aols.org T: 416-491-9020 F: 416-491-2576 www.aols.org

1602-25 Adelaide St E Toronto ON M5C 3A1 David Butters david.butters@appro.org T: 416-322-6549 F: 416-481-5785 www.appro.org

1334 Riverside Rd Abbotsford BC V2S 8J2 Debbie Lamont secretary@bcgwa.org T: 604-530-8934 F: 604-630-8846 www.bcgwa.org

620-1090 West Pender St Vancouver BC V6E 2N7 Tanya McQueen tmcqueen@bcwwa.org T: 604-433-7824 F: 604-433-9859 www.bcwwa.org

310-1565 Carling Ave Ottawa ON K1Z 8R1 Charles Brimley cbrimley@cala.ca T: 613-233-5300 F: 613-233-5501 www.cala.ca

2100-350 - 7 Ave SW Calgary AB T2P 3N9 Jeff Gaulin jeff.gaulin@capp.ca T: 403-267-1100 F: 403-261-4622 www.capp.ca

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RECYCLING INDUSTRIES 1906-130 Albert St., Ottawa ON K1P 5G4 Tracy Shaw tracy@cari-acir.org T: 613-728-6946 F: 705-835-6196 www.cari-acir.org

CANADIAN ASSOCIATION ON WATER QUALITY

PO Box 5050 Stn LCD 1, 867 Lakeshore Rd Burlington ON L7R 4A6 Dr Chris Marvin chris.marvin@ec.gc.ca T: 289-780-0378 www.cawq.ca

CANADIAN BROWNFIELDS NETWORK 2800-14th Ave Suite 210, Markham ON L3R 0E4 Diane Gaunt info@canadianbrownfieldsnetwork.ca T: 416-491-2886 F: 416-491-1670 www.canadianbrownfieldsnetwork.ca

CANADIAN CENTRE FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY 135 Hunter St East, Hamilton ON L8N 1M5 Eleanor Westwood clientservices@ccohs.ca T: 905-572-2981 F: 905-572-4500 www.ccohs.ca

CANADIAN CONCRETE PIPE & PRECAST ASSOCIATION 200-447 Frederick St., Kitchener ON N2H 2P4 Gerry Mulhern gerry.mulhern@ccppa.ca T: 519-489-4488 F: 519-578-6060 www.ccppa.ca

CANADIAN COPPER & BRASS DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

210-65 Overlea Blvd., Toronto ON M4H 1P1 Stephen Knapp aknapp@coppercanada.ca T: 416-391-5599 F: 416-391-3823 www.coppercanada.ca

CANADIAN COUNCIL OF INDEPENDENT LABORATORIES (CCIL)

PO Box 41027, Ottawa ON K1G 5K9 Francine Fortier-ThéBerge ccil@magma.ca T: 613-746-3919 F: 613-746-4324 www.ccil.com The Canadian Council of Independent Laboratories (CCIL) represents the independent, private-sector testing industry in Canada. The more than 330 member facilities across the country play a vital role in ensuring the quality and safety of water, air, soil, food, crops, roads, buildings, and more.

CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL CERTIFICATION APPROVALS BOARD

200-308 11th Ave SE., Calgary AB T2G 0Y2 Victor Nowicki geobacnb@nbnet.nb.ca T: 403-233-7484 F: 403-264-6240 www.cecab.org

CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD 6B1-11 Laurier St., Place Du Portage III

www.esemag.com

16 Northumberland St Toronto ON M6H 1P7 Susan Antler santler@compost.org T: 416-535-0240 F: 416-536-9892 www.compost.org

CANADIAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION

4877 Sherbrooke St W Montreal QC H3Z 1G9 Doug Salloum doug.salloum@csce.ca T: 514-933-2634 www.csce.ca

129-215 Spadina Ave Toronto ON M5T 2C7 Marcus Paul info@weconserve.ca T: 416-533-1635 www.weconserve.ca

CONSULTING ENGINEERS OF ONTARIO

CANADIAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto ON M9W 1R3 Gianluca Arcari gianluca.arcari@csagroup.org T: 416-747-4000 www.csa.ca

2A-652 Bishop St N Cambridge ON N3H 4V6 Ray Wilcock rjwilcock@cscpi.ca T: 519-650-8080 F: 519-650-8081 www.cspi.ca

11-1010 Polytek St., Ottawa ON K1J 9H9 Robert Haller rhaller@cwwa.ca T: 613-747-0524 F: 613-747-0523 www.cwwa.ca

200 University Ave W Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Dr Simon Courtenay scourtenay@cwn-rce.ca T: 519-888-4567 www.cwn-rce.ca

CSA GROUP

CANADIAN WATER QUALITY ASSOCIATION

504-295 The West Mall Toronto ON M9C 4Z4 Kevin Wong k.wong@cwqa.com T: 416-695-3068 F: 416-695-2945 www.cwqa.com

CANADIAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION

320-176 Gloucester St., Ottawa ON K2P 0A6 Rick Ross executivedirector@cwra.org T: 613-237-9363 F: 613-594-5190 www.cwra.org

CANADIAN WIND ENERGY ASSOCIATION 710-1600 Carling Ave., Ottawa ON K1Z 1G3 Lejla Latifovic lejlalatifovic@canwea.ca T: 613-234-8716 F: 613-234-5642 www.canwea.ca

CHEMISTRY INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION OF CANADA

805-350 Sparks St Ottawa ON K1R 7S8 Nancy Marchi nmarchi@canadianchemistry.ca T: 613-237-6215 F: 613-237-4061 www.canadianchemistry.ca

405-10 Four Seasons Pl Toronto ON M9B 6H7 Barry Steinberg bsteinberg@ceo.on.ca T: 416-620-1400 F: 416-620-5803 www.ceo.on.ca

CORRUGATED STEEL PIPE INSTITUTE

CANADIAN WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

CANADIAN WATER NETWORK (UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO)

CONSERVATION COUNCIL OF ONTARIO

Peter King pking@apwa.net T: 202-408-9541 F: 202-408-9542 www.cpwa.net

CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING

Associations

COMPOST COUNCIL OF CANADA

Gatineau QC K1A 1G6 Begonia Lojk begonia.lojk@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca T: 819-956-0383 F: 819-956-5740 www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca

178 Rexdale Blvd, Toronto ON M9W 1R3 Gianluca Arcari gianluca.arcari@csagroup.org T: 416-747-4000 www.csagroup.org

DUCTILE IRON PIPE RESEARCH ASSOCIATION PO Box 19206 Golden CO 80402 Jon R Runge info@dipra.org T: 205-718-4218 www.dipra.org

EARTH ENERGY SOCIETY OF CANADA

7885 Jocktrail Rd, RR1 Richmond ON K0A 2Z0 Bill Eggertson eggertson@earthenergy.ca T: 613-222-6920 F: 613-822-4987 www.earthenergy.ca

ECO CANADA

200-308 - 11th Ave SE, Calgary AB T2G 0Y2 Michael Kerford info@eco.ca T: 403-233-0748 F: 403-269-9544 www.eco.ca

GEORGIAN BAY ASSOCIATION 18 Fenwick Ave, Toronto ON M4K 3H3 Bob Duncanson rduncanson@georgianbay.ca T: 416-219-4248

www.georgianbay.ca

INTERNATIONAL OZONE ASSOCIATION

PO Box 97075 c/o Southern Nevada Water Authority Las Vegas NV 89193 info3zone@ioa-pag.org T: 480-529-3787 F: 480-533-3080 www.ioa-pag-org

July/August 2015 | 59

Associations

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SCIENCES 413-4246 Albert St., Regina SK S4S 3R9 Gordon Huang gordon.huang@uregina.ca T: 306-337-2306 F: 306-337-2305 www.iseis.org

ONTARIO ASSOCIATION OF CERTIFIED ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

MUNICIPAL ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION 22-1525 Cornwall Rd Oakville ON L6J 0B2 John C Simmonds john.simmonds@municipalengineers.on.ca T: 289-291-6472 F: 289-291-6477 www.municipalengineers.on.ca

8575 Grovemont Circle Gaithersburg MD 20877 Glen Fellman glenn@nebb.org T: 301-977-3698 F: 301-977-9589 www.nebb.org

60 | July/August 2015

PO Box 2336 198 Sophia St Peterborough ON K9J 7Y8 Denis Orendt info@oowa.org T: 855-905-6692 F: 705-742-7907 www.oowa.org

PO Box 10308, Thunder Bay ON P7B 6T8 Kristen Oliver admin@noma.on.ca T: 807-683-6662 www.noma.on.ca

PO Box 28142 Darmouth NS B2W 6E2 Clara Shea contact@mpwwa.ca T: 902-434-8874 F: 902-434-8859 www.mpwwa.ca

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCING BUREAU

ONTARIO ONSITE WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO MUNICIPAL ASSOCIATION

MARITIME PROVINCES WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

48 Front Street E, Strathroy ON N7G 1Y6 KC Craig Stainton executivedirector@ogwa.ca T: 519-245-7194 F: 519-245-7196 www.ogwa.ca

2593 Tenth Concession, Collingwood ON L9Y 3Y9 Ed Houghton ehoughton@omwa.org T: 705-443-8472 www.omwa.org

201-4817 49th St., Yellowknife NT X1A 3S7 Jennifer Spencer info@ntwwa.com T: 867-873-4325 F: 867-669-2167 www.ntwwa.com

PO Box 1600 215-9 Saskatchewan Ave W Portage La Prairie MB R1N 3P1 Iva Last mwwa@mymts.net T: 204-239-6868 F: 204-239-6872 www.mwwa.net

ONTARIO GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

ONTARIO MUNICIPAL WATER ASSOCIATION

NORTHERN TERRITORIES WATER & WASTE ASSOCIATION

MANITOBA WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

1816 Jefferson Place NW Washington DC 20036-2505 Ken Kirk kkirk@nacwa.org T: 202-833-2672 F: 888-267-9505 www.nacwa.org

PO Box 1412 Stn Main, North Bay ON P1B 8K6 Phillip Penna oen@oen.ca T: 705-840-2888 F: 705-840-5862 www.oen.ca

700-12011 Tejon St., Westminster CO 80234 Dave Waddell dave.waddell@kingcounty.gov T: 877-292-1403 F: 303-458-0002 www.nahmma.org

100-62 Albert St., Winnipeg MB R3B 1E9 Margo Shaw mshaw@meia.mb.ca T: 204-783-7090 F: 204-783-6501 www.meia.mb.ca

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CLEAN WATER AGENCIES

ONTARIO ENVIRONMENT NETWORK

NORTH AMERICAN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

MANITOBA ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION

ONTARIO ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION

410-215 Spadina Ave., Toronto ON M5T 2C7 Alex Gill agill@oneia.ca T: 416-531-7884 F: 416-665-2032 www.oneia.ca

207-90 O’Leary Ave., St. John’s NL A1B 2C7 Ted Lomond ted@neia.org T: 709-237-8390 www.neia.org

8459-F US 42 #245 Florence KY 41042 Deborah Martinez deb.martinez@iuva.org T: 202-587-2749 F: 202-318-4561 www.iuva.org

100-127 Wyndham St N Guelph ON N1H 4E9 Ben Bennett ben@municipalwaste.ca T: 519-823-1990 F: 519-823-0084 www.municipalwaste.ca

601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville OH 43081 Kevin McCray kmccray@ngwa.org T: 614-898-7791 F: 614-898-7786 www.ngwa.org

NEWFOUNDLAND & LABRADOR ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION

INTERNATIONAL ULTRAVIOLET ASSOCIATION

MUNICIPAL WASTE ASSOCIATION

NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

404-10 Four Seasons Place, Etobicoke ON M9B 6H7 David Thomson dthomson@oacett.org T: 416-621-9621 F: 416-621-8694 www.oacett.org

ONTARIO ASSOCIATION OF SEWAGE INDUSTRY SERVICES

PO Box 184 , Bethany ON L0A 1A0 Mark Brosowski vicepresident@oasisontario.on.ca T: 877-202-0082 www.oasisontario.on.ca

ONTARIO BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSOCIATION PO Box 265, Campbellville ON L0P 1B0 Cameron Gray cgray@proactivewatersolutions.com T: 416-708-1263 www.obpaonline.com

PO Box 28009, Barrie ON L4N 7W1 Kelly Madden opcea@opcea.com T: 705-725-0917 F: 705-725-1068 www.opcea.com Our association is a non-profit organization dedicated to assisting member companies in the promotion of their equipment and services to the pollution control market sector of Ontario. Originally founded in 1970, the OPCEA has since grown to over 180 member companies whose fields encompass a broad spectrum of equipment and services for the air and water pollution control marketplace.

ONTARIO PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION 22-1525 Cornwall Rd., Oakville ON L6J 0B2 Terry Hardy info@opwa.ca T: 647-726-0167 F: 289-291-6477 www.opwa.ca

ONTARIO COALITION FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Darla Campbell executivedirector@on-csi.ca T: 416-562-9082 www.on-csi.ca

ONTARIO RURAL WASTEWATER CENTRE

ONTARIO CONCRETE PIPE ASSOCIATION Fl2-447 Frederick St., Kitchener ON N2H 2P4 Gerrard Mulhern gerry.mulhern@ocpa.com T: 519-489-4488 F: 519-578-6060 www.ocpa.com

ONTARIO POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT ASSOCIATION (OPCEA)

University Of Guelph School Of Engineering Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Katherine Rentsch krentsch@uoguelph.ca T: 519-8242-4120 F: 519-836-0227 www.orwc.uoguelph.ca

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

Associations

ONTARIO SEWER & WATERMAIN CONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATION

PULP & PAPER TECHNICAL ASSOCIATION OF CANADA

WATER & WASTEWATER EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC.

ONTARIO SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS

RESEAU ENVIRONNEMENT

WATER ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO

ONTARIO WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

SASKATCHEWAN ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY & MANAGERS ASSOCIATION

300-5045 Orbitor Dr Unit 12 Mississauga ON L4W 4Y4 Giovanni Cautillo giovanni.cautillo@oswca.org T: 905-629-7766 F: 905-629-0587 www.oswca.org

502-4950 Yonge St., Toronto ON M2N 6K1 Sandra Perruzza sperruzza@ospe.on.ca T: 416-223-9961 F: 416-223-9963 www.ospe.on.ca

3-2005 Clark Blvd., Brampton ON L6T 5P8 Rob Cook rcook@owma.org T: 905-791-9500 F: 905-791-9514 www.owma.org

ONTARIO WATERPOWER ASSOCIATION 264-380 Armour Rd., Peterborough ON K9H 7L7 Melanie Boyd mboyd@owa.ca T: 866-743-1500 www.owa.ca

ONTARIO WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION 100-922 The East Mall Dr., Toronto ON M9B 6K1 Laura Libralesso llibralesso@owwa.ca T: 416-231-1555 F: 416-231-1556 www.owwa.ca

ONTARIO WATERWORKS EQUIPMENT ASSOCIATION

www.owwea.ca The Ontario Water Works Equipment Association (OWWEA) is an organization that represents its membership within the waterworks industry of Ontario.

Membership consists of manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, agents and contractors dedicated to serving the Ontario municipal market.

PLASTICS PIPE INSTITUTE

825-105 Decker Court, Irving TX 75062 Tony Radosewski tonyr@plasticpipe.org T: 469-499-1044 F: 469-499-1063 www.plasticpipe.org

1070-740 Notre-Dame St W Montreal QC H3C 3X6 Greg Hay ghay@paptac.ca T: 514-392-0265 F: 514-392-0369 www.paptac.ca

304-540 Fort Evans Rd Leesburg VA 20176-3379 Vanessa Leiby vanessa@wwema.org T: 703-444-1777 www.wwema.org

750-255 Boul. Cremazie Est Montreal QC H2M 1L5 Maelle Beurier eau@reseau-environnement.com T: 514-270-7110 F: 514-874-1272 www.reseau-environnement.com

PO Box 176 Milton ON L9T 4N9 Julie Vincent julie.vincent@weao.org T: 416-410-6933 F: 416-410-1626 www.weao.org

WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 601 Wythe St Alexandria VA 22314-1994 Eileen Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Neill eoneill@wef.org T: 800-666-0206 F: 703-684-2492 www.wef.org

PO Box 22009 RPO Wildwood Saskatoon SK S7H 5P1 Al Shpyth ashpyth@ecometrix.ca T: 844-801-6233 www.seima.sk.ca

SASKATCHEWAN ONSITE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

449 Haviland Crescent, Saskatoon SK S7L 5B3 Travis Wolfe twolfe@sowma.ca T: 306-988-2102 F: 855-420-6336 www.sowma.ca

SASKATCHEWAN WATER & WASTEWATER ASSOCIATION

PO Box 7831 Stn Main, Saskatoon SK S7K 4R5 Kelly Kish glokel@sasktel.net T: 306-668-1278 www.swwa.ca

WATER FOR PEOPLE - CANADA

SOLAR & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOCIETY OF CANADA INC. 1700 Des Broussailles Terrace Ottawa ON K1C 5S9 Bill To president@sesci.org T: 613-824-1710 www.sesci.org

WATER SUPPLY ASSOCIATION OF B.C.

SOLID WASTE ASSOCIATION OF NORTH AMERICA

PO Box 22022 Penticton BC V2A 8L1 Toby Pike pike@sekid.ca T: 250-497-5407 www.wsabc.ca

650-1100 Wayne Ave Silver Spring MD 20910 Sara Bixby sbixby@swana.org T: 800-467-9262 F: 301-589-7068 www.swana.org

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ONTARIO

STEEL TANK INSTITUTE/STEEL PLATE FABRICATORS ASSOCIATION

PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

THE GREEN BUILDING INITIATIVE

101-40 Sheppard Ave W., Toronto ON M2N 6K9 Gerard McDonald gmcdonald@peo.on.ca T: 416-224-1100 www.peo.on.ca

102-211 Columbia St Vancouver BC V6A 2R5 Jeannette Austin info@pwabc.ca T: 877-356-0699 www.pwabc.ca

www.esemag.com

944 Donata Ct., Lake Zurich IL 60047 Noel Zak nzak@steeltank.com T: 847-550-3833 www.steeltank.com 150-5410 SW Macadam Portland OR 97239 Vicki Worden info@thegbi.org T: 503-274-0448 www.thegbi.org

400-245 Consumers Rd Toronto ON M2J 1R3 Joan Conyers jconyers@waterforpeople.org T: 416-499-4042 F: 416-499-4687 www.waterforpeople.org Water For People-Canada is a charitable nonprofit international humanitarian organization dedicated to the development and delivery of clean, safe water and sanitation solutions in developing nations. It is the Canadian equivalent of the U.S. based charity, Water For People. Canadian water industry professionals established it in 1995,to support and promote the mission of Water For People in Canada among the public and the water community.

WESTERN CANADA ONSITE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF B.C. PO Box 342 110-174 Wilson St Victoria BC V9A 7N7 Garth Millan gmillan@wcowma-bc.com T: 250-218-8045 F: 250-381-6667 www.wcowma-bc.com

WESTERN CANADA WATER

PO Box 1708 240 River Ave Cochrane AB T4C 1B6 Audrey Arisman aarisman@wcwwa.ca T: 877-283-2003 F: 877-283-2007 www.wcwwa.ca

July/August 2015 | 61

Government

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

ES&E’s Guide to Provincial and Federal Government Environmental Agencies Alberta Ministry of Environment & Parks Main Floor,Great West Life Bldg,9920–108 St,Edmonton,AB T5K 2M4 Tel:1-877-944-0313 Information Centre Main Floor,Great West Life Bldg,9920-108 St,Edmonton,AB T5K 2M4 Tel:1-877-310-3773 24-hour Environmental Hotline Tel:1-800-222-6514

Regional Offices:

Peace Region Floor 3-Provincial Bldg,9261-96 Ave, Peace River,AB T8S 1T4 Tel:780-624-7133 Lower Athabasca Region Floor 2-Provincial Bldg, 9303 Beaverhill Rd,Lac La Biche,AB T0A 2C0 Tel:780-623-5240 Red Deer/North Saskatchewan Region Twin Atria Bldg,4999-98 Ave,Suite 111, Edmonton,AB T6B 2X3 Tel:780-427-7617 South Saskatchewan Region 303 Deerfoot Square Bldg,2938-11 St NE,Calgary,AB T2E 7L7 Tel:403-297-7602

Local Offices:

Camrose Tel:780-679-1274 Edson Tel:780-723-8363 Fort McMurray Tel:780-743-7472 Grand Prairie Tel:780-538-5260 High Level Tel:780-926-5263 Lac La Biche Tel:780-623-5394 Lethbridge Tel:403-381-5322 Medicine Hat Tel:403-529-3151 Red Deer Tel:403-340-7052 Rocky Mountain House Tel:403-845-8272 Sherwood Park Tel:780-464-7955 Slave Lake Tel:780-849-7282 Spruce Grove Tel:780-960-8600

British Columbia Ministry of Environment Head Office 1150 McKenzie Ave,Victoria,BC V8W 9V7

62 | July/August 2015

Tel:250-952-5102 Environmental Emergencies (Toll Free) 1-800-663-3456 Report Pollution 1-877-952-7277 (RAPP) Environmental Appeal Board PO Box 9425,Stn Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V8W 9V1 Tel:250-387-3464 Environmental Assessment Office PO Box 9426,Stn Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V9W 9V1 Tel:250-387-9408 Parks & Conservation Service Division PO Box 9339 Stn. Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V8W 9M1 Environmental Protection Division PO Box 9339 Stn. Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V8W 9M1 Tel:250-387-1288 Environmental Stewardship Division Floor 2-10470 - 152nd St,Surrey,BC V3R 0Y3 Tel:604-582-5200 Strategic Policy Division PO Box 9335 Stn. Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V8W 9M1 Tel:250-387-9666 Water Stewardship Program PO Box 9340 Stn. Prov Govt,Victoria,BC V8W 9M1 Tel:250-952-6790

Regional Offices:

Lower Mainland Region Surrey 10428-153rd St,Surrey,BC V3R 1E1 Tel:604-586-4400 Northern Region - Prince George & Omineca Peace, Smithers Prince George 325-1011 - 4th Ave,Prince George,BC V2L 3H9 Tel:250- 565-6135 Smithers 3726 Alfred Ave,Smithers,BC V0J 2N0 Tel:250-847-7334 Kootenay Region - Cranbrook & East Kootenay, Nelson & West Kootenay,Okanagan & Boundary - Penticton Cranbrook 205 Industrial Rd,Cranbrook,BC V1C 7G5 Tel:250-489-8540 Nelson 401-333 Victoria St,Nelson,BC V1L 4K3 Tel:250-354-6333 Penticton 102 Industrial Pl,Penticton,BC V2A 7C8 Tel:250-490-8200 Thompson Cariboo Region - Williams Lake, Kamloops William’s Lake 300-640 Borland St,Williams Lake,BC V2G 4T1 Tel:250-398-4530

Kamloops 1259 Dalhousie Dr,Kamloops,BC V2C 5Z5 Tel:250-371-6200 Vancouver Island Region Nanaimo Nanaimo 2080A Labieux Rd,Nanaimo,BC V9T 6J9 Tel:250-751-3100

Manitoba Ministry of Environment Conservation & Water Stewardship Public Information & Inquiries 200 Saulteaux Cres,PO Box 22,Winnipeg,MB R3J 3W3 Tel:1-800-214-6497 Clean Environment Commission 305-155 Carlton St,Winnipeg,MB R3C 3H8 Tel:204-945-0594 Conservation Agreements Board c/o Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corp 200-1555 St.James St,Winnipeg,MB R3H 1B5 Tel:204-784-4350 Pollution Prevention Branch 1007 Century St,Winnipeg,MB R3H 0W4 Tel:204-945-7084 Water Services Board 2010 Currie Blvd,PO Box 22080,Brandon,MB R7A 6Y9 Tel:204-726-6076 Round Table for Sustainable Development (MRT) 160-123 Main St,Winnipeg,MB R3C 1A5 Tel:204-945-1869 Manitoba Water Council 200 Saulteaux Cres/PO Box 38,Winnipeg,MB R3J 3W3 Environmental Emergency 24 hour Service Tel:204-945-4888

Regional Offices:

Central Region 160-123 Main St,Winnipeg,MB R3C 1A5 Tel:204-945-7100 75-7th Ave/PO Box 6000,Gimli,MB R0C 1B0 Tel:204-642-6070 Eastern Region Provincial Highway #502/PO Box 4000,Lac du Bonnet,MB R0E 1A0 Tel:204-345-1431 Northwest Region 3rd St & Ross Ave/PO Box 2550,The Pas,MB R9A 1M4 Tel:204-623-8215 Western Region 1129 Queens Ave/PO Box 13,Brandon,MB R7A 1L9 Tel:204-726-6441 Northeast Region 59 Elizabeth Dr/PO Box 28,Thompson,MB R8N 1X4 Tel:204-677-6648

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

New Brunswick Ministry of Environment Head Office Marysville Pl,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-453-2690 Environmental Emergency 24 Hour Service Tel:1-800-565-1633 Air Quality Section Marysville Pl,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-457-4844 Assessment & Planning Appeal Board City Centre,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-453-2126 Climate Change Secretariat Marysville Pl,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-457-4844 Drinking Water Source Protection Marysville Pl,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-457-4846 Policy & Planning Divison Marysville Pl,PO Box 6000,Fredericton,NB E3B 5H1 Tel:506-453-3700

Regional Offices:

Region 1 – Bathurst 159 Main St,Room 202,PO Box 5001,Bathurst,NB E2A 3Z9 Tel:506-547-2092 Region 2 – Miramichi 316 Dalton Ave,Miramichi,NB E1V 3N9 Tel:506-778-6032 Region 3 – Moncton 355 Dieppe Blvd,PO Box 5001,Moncton,NB E1C 8R3 Tel:506-856-2374 Region 4 – Saint John 8 Castle St,PO Box 5001,Saint John,NB E2L 4Y9 Tel:506-658-2558 Region 5 – Fredericton Analytical Services Lab,12 McGloin St,Fredericton,NB E3A 5T8 Tel:506-444-5149 Region 6 – Grand Falls 65 Broadway Blvd,PO Box 5001,Grand Falls,NB E3Z 1G1 Tel:506-473-7744

Newfoundland/ Labrador Ministry of Environment Environment & Conservation Head Office: Floor 4,West Block,Confederation Bldg,PO Box 8700,St.John’s,NL A1B 4J6 Tel:709-729-5783 Office of Climate Change, Energy Efficiency & Emissions Trading Floor 5-West Block,Confederation Bldg,PO Box 8700,St.John’s,NL A1B 4J6 Tel:709-729-1210 Environmental Spill Emergencies (24 hr service) Tel:709-772-2083

www.esemag.com

Regional Offices:

Clarenville 2 Masonic Terrace,Clarenville,NL A5A 1M3 Tel:709-466-4060 Corner Brook Floor 9,Sir Richard Squires Bldg,84 Mount Bernard Ave,PO Box 2006,Corner Brook,NL A2H 5G2 Tel:709-637-2542 Gander McCurdy Complex,Floor3-1Markham Pl,Gander,NL A1V 1W7 Tel:709-256-1420 Grand Falls-Windsor Provincial Bldg,3 Cromer Ave,Grand Falls-

Key Government Web Sites: Government of Canada www.canada.ca Environment Canada www.ec.gc.ca Health Canada www.hc-sc.gc.ca Natural Resources Canada www.nrcan.gc.ca National Research Council of Canada www.nrc-cnc.gc.ca Alberta www.alberta.ca British Columbia www2.gov.bc.ca Manitoba www.gov.mb.ca New Brunswick www2.gnb.ca Newfound & Labrador www.gov.nl.ca Nova Scotia www.novascotia.ca Ontario www.ontario.ca Prince Edward Island www.gov.pe.ca Quebec www.gouv.qc.ca Saskatchewan www.gov.sk.ca Yukon Territory www.gov.yk.ca

Government

Windsor,NL A2A 1W9 Tel:709-292-4220 Happy Valley-Goose Bay 2 Tenth St,Happy Valley-Goose Bay,NL A0P 1E0 Tel:709-896-7981 St John’s 5 Mews Place,St.John’s,NL A1B 4M9 Tel:709-729-3699

Northwest Territories & Nunavut Government of the Northwest Territories Ministry of Environment 600-5102 - 50th Ave,PO Box 1320,Yellowknife,NT X1A 2L9 Tel:867-873-7645 24-Hour Spill Report Line Tel:867-920-8130

Regional Offices:

Dehcho Region Floor 2,Milton Bldg,PO Box 240,Fort Simpson,NT X0E 0N0 Tel:867-695-7450

Local Office: Fort Laird Tel:867-770-4300

Inuvik Region

PO Box 2749,Shell Lake,NT X0E 0T0 Tel:867-678-6650 Local Offices Aklavik Tel:867-978-2248 Fort McPherson Tel:867-952-2200 Paulatuk Tel: 867-580-3021 Tsiigehtchic Tel:867-953-3605 Tuktoyaktuk Tel:867-977-2350 Ulukhaktok Tel: 867-396-4505

North Slave Region

3083 Bretzlaff Dr,PO Box 2668,Yellowknife,NT X1A 2P9 Tel:867-873-7184 Local Office Tlicho Tel:867-392-6511

Sahtu Region

PO Box 130,Norman Wells,NT X0E 0V0 Tel:867-587-3500 Local Offices Deline Tel:867-589-3421 Fort Good Hope Tel:867-598-2271 Tulita Tel:867-588-3441

July/August 2015 | 63

Government

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

South Slave Region

Sweetgrass Bldg,PO Box 900,Fort Smith,NT X0E 0P0 Tel:867-872-6400 Local Offices Fort Providence Tel:867-699-3002 Fort Resolution Tel:867-394-4596 Hay River Tel:867-875-5550 Lutsel K’e Tel:867-370-3141 Government of Nunavut Ministry of Environment Inuksugait Plaza/PO Box 1000 Station 700,Iqaluit,NU X0A 0H0 Tel:867-975-7700 Emergency 24 Hr Numbers: Headquarters:867-979-6262, 800-693-1666 Kitikmeot:867-983-2542 Kivalliq:867-645-3625 Qikiqtaaluk:888-624-4043 Emergency Management PO Box 1000 Stn 700,Iqaluit,NU X0A 0H0 Tel:867-975-5403 Nunavut Impact Review Board 29 Mitik St/PO Box 1360,Cambridge Bay,NU X0B 0C0 Tel:866-233-3033

Conservation Offices: Baffin Region: Arctic Bay Tel:867-439-9945 Cape Dorset Tel:867-897-8932 Clyde River Tel:867-924-6235 Grise Fiord Tel:867-980-4164 Hall Beach Tel:867-928-8507 Igloolik Tel:867-934-8999 Iqaluit Tel:867-979-7800 Kimmirut Tel:867-939-2004 Pangnirtung Tel:867-473-8937 Pond Inlet Tel:867-899-8819 Qikqtarjuaq Tel:867-927-8966 Resolute Tel:867-252-3879 Sanikiluaq Tel:867-266-8098 Kivalliq Region: Arviat Tel:867-857-2976 Baker Lake Tel:867-793-2944 Chesterfield Inlet Tel:867-898-9130 Coral Harbour Tel:867-925-8823 Rankin Inlet

64 | July/August 2015

Western

Tel:867-645-8084 Repulse Bay Tel:867-462-4002 Whale Cove Tel:867-896-9187 Kitikmeot Region: Cambridge Bay Tel:867-983-4164 Gjoa Haven Tel:867-360-7605 Kugluktuk Tel:867-982-7450

Bridgewater, Kentville, King, Annapolis & Yarmouth 136 Exhibition St,Kentville,NS B4N 4E5 Tel:902-679-6086 Digby, Yarmouth & Shelbourne Counties 55 Starrs Rd,Unit 5,Yarmouth,NS B5A 2T2 Tel:902-742-8985 Lunenburg & Queens Counties 60 Logan Rd,Bridgewater,NS B4V 3J8 Tel:902-543-4685

Ontario

Nova Scotia Ministry of the Environment 1903 Barrington St,Suite 2085,PO Box 442,Halifax NS B3J 2P8 1894 Barrington St,Suite 1800,PO Box 442,Halifax,NS B3J 2P8 Tel:902-424-3600 Emergency After Hours Tel:800-565-1633 Environmental Monitoring & Compliance Tel:877-936-8476 or 902-424-2547

Regional Offices:

Central HRM, East Hants, West Hants Suite 115-30 Damascus Rd,Bedford Commons,Bedford,NS B4A 0C1 Tel:902-424-7773

Eastern

CBRM, Victoria County, Northern Inverness Suite 2-1030 Upper Prince St,Sydney,NS B1P 5P6 Tel:902-563-2100 Port Hawkesbury & Sydney Suite 2-1030 Upper Prince St,Sydney,NS B1P 5P6 Tel:902-563-2100 Richmond County, Southern Inverness, Mulgrave, Auld’s Cove Suite 12-218 MacSween St,Port Hawkesbury,NS B9A 2J9 Tel:902-625-0791 Sydney Suite 2-1030 Upper Prince St,Sydney,NS B1P 5P6 Tel:902-563-2100

Northern

Amherst, Antigonish, Truro, Pictou 36 Inglis Pl,PO Box 824,Truro,NS B2N 4B4 Tel:902-893-5880 Antigonish & Guyborough Counties Suite 205,155 Main St,Antigonish,NS B2G 2B6 Tel:902-863-7389 Colchester County 36 Inglis Pl,PO Box 824,Truro,NS B2N 4B4 Tel:902-893-5880 Cumberland County 71 E Victoria St,Amherst,NS B4H 1X7 Tel:902-667-6205 Pictou County 20 Pumphouse Rd,RR 3,New Glasgow,NS B2H 5C6 Tel:902-396-4194

Ministry of Environment & Climate Change Floor 11-77 Wellesley St W,Toronto,ON M7A 2T5 Tel:416-314-6338 Public Information Centre Floor 2-Macdonald Block,900 Bay St,Toronto,ON M7A 1N3 Tel:416-325-4000, 800-565-4923 Corporate Management Division Floor 14-35 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1P5 Tel:416-314-6426 Advisory Council on Drinking Water Quality & Testing Standards Floor 3-40 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1M2 Tel:416-212-7779 Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA) Floor 17-1 Yonge St,Toronto,ON M5E 1E5 Tel:416-775-0500, 800-667-6292 Pesticides Advisory Committee Floor 7-40 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1M2 Tel:416-314-9230 Walkerton Clean Water Centre 20 Ontario Rd,PO Box 160,Walkerton,ON N0G 2V0 Tel:519-881-2003, 866-515-0550 Drinking Water Management Division Floor 14-135 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1P5 Tel:416-314-4475 Environmental Programs Division Floor 14-135 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1P5 Tel:416-326-7203 Environmental Sciences & Standards Division Floor 14-135 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1P5 Tel:416-314-6358 Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch West Wing,Floor 1-125 Resources Rd,Toronto,ON M9P 3V6 Tel:416-235-6300 Laboratory Services Branch 125 Resources Rd,Toronto,ON M9P 3V6 Tel:416-235-5743 Standards Development Branch Floor 7-40 St.Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1M2 Tel:416-327-5519 Climate Change & Environmental Policy Division Floor 11-77 Wellesley St W,Toronto,ON

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions M7A 2T5 Tel:416-314-6338 Operations Division Floor 8-135 St Clair Ave W,Toronto,ON M4V 1P5 Tel:416-314-6378 Environmental Commissioner of Ontario (ECO) 605-1075 Bay St,Toronto,ON M5S 2B1 Tel:416-325-3377, 800-701-6454

District Offices: Central Region:

Floor 8-5775 Yonge St,Place Nouveau,Toronto,ON M2M 4J1 Tel:416-326-6700, 800-810-8048 Halton-Peel District Office 300-4145 North Service Rd,Burlington,ON L7L 6A3 Tel:905-319-3847, 800-335-5906 York-Durham District Office Floor 5-230 Westney Rd S,Ajax,ON L1S 7J5 Tel:905-427-5600, 800-376-4547 Toronto District Office Floor 9-5775 Yonge St, Place Nouveau,Toronto,ON M2M 4J1 Tel:416-326-6700 Barrie District Office 1201-54 Cedar Pointe Dr,Barrie,ON L4N 5R7 Tel:705-739-6441, 800-890-8511

West Central Region:

Hamilton Regional & District Office Floor 12-119 King St W,Hamilton,ON L8P 4Y7 Tel:905-521-7640, 800-668-4557 Guelph District Office Floor 4-1 Stone Rd W,Guelph,ON N1G 4Y2 Tel:519-826-4255,800-265-8658 Niagara District Office 15-301 St.Paul St E,Floor 9,St Catharines,ON L2R 7R4 Tel:905-704-3900, 800-263-1035

Eastern Region:

Kingston Regional & District Office Unit 3-1259 Gardiners Rd,PO Box 22032,Kingston,ON K7M 8S5 Tel:613-549-4000, 800-267-0974 Belleville Area Office 345 College St E,Belleville,ON K8N 5S7 Tel:613-962-9208, 800-860-2763 Cornwall Area Office Floor 1-113 Amelia St,Cornwall,ON K6H 3P1 Tel:613-933-7402, 800-860-2760 Ottawa District Office 2430 Don Reid Dr,Ottawa,ON K1H 1E1 Tel:613-521-3450, 800-860-2195 Peterborough District Office Floor 2-300 Water St,Robinson Pl.,South Tower,Peterborough,ON K9J 8M5 Tel:705-755-4300, 800-558-0595 (within 705, 613 & 905)

Northern Region:

Thunder Bay Regional & District Office 331-435 James St S,Thunder Bay,ON P7E 6S7 Tel:807-475-1205, 800-875-7772 (within 807 & 705) Kenora Area Office 808 Robertson St,Kenora,ON P9N 1X9

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Tel:807-468-2718, 888-367-7622 (within area) North Bay Area Office 16&17-191 Booth Rd,North Bay,ON P1A 4K3 Tel:705-497-6865, 800-609-5553 (within area) Sault Ste. Marie Area Office 110-70 Foster Dr,Sault Ste Marie,ON P6A 6V4 Tel:705-942-6354 Sudbury District Office 1201-199 Larch St,Sudbury,ON P3E 5P9 Tel:705-564-3237, 800-890-8516 (within 705) Timmins District Office Government Complex,5520 - Hwy #101 E,Bag 3080,South Porcupine,ON P0N 1H0 Tel:705-235-1500, 800-380-6615

Southwestern Region:

London & District Office 733 Exeter Rd,London,ON N6E 1L3 Tel:519-873-5000, 800-265-7672 Owen Sound District Office Floor 3,101-17th St E,Owen Sound,ON N4K 0A5 Tel:519-371-2901, 800-265-3783 Sarnia District Office 1094 London Rd,Sarnia,ON N7S 1P1 Tel:519-336-4030, 800-387-7784 Windsor Area Office 620-4510 Rhodes Dr,Windsor,ON N8W 5K5 Tel:519-948-1464, 800-387-8826

Prince Edward Island Ministry of the Environment Floor 4,Jones Bldg 11 Kent St,PO Box 2000,Charlottetown,PE C1A 7N8 Tel:902-368-5028, 866-368-5044 Ministry of the Environment Floor 4,Shaw Building South,95 Rochford St,PO Box 2000,Charlottetown,PE C1A 7N8 Tel:902-368-5024 Environmental Emergencies Tel:1-800-565-1633

Quebec Ministere du Developpement durable, de l’Environnement, et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques Èdifice Marie-Guyart,675,boul ReneLevesque Est,30e etage,Quebec,QC G1R 5V7 Tel:418-521-3911 Ministere du Developpement durable, de l’Environnement, et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques 141, avenue du President-Kennedy,8e etage,Montreal,QC H2X 1Y4 Tel:514-864-8500 Riding of Viau 3750,boul Cremazie Est,bureau 402,Montreal,QC H2A 1B6 Tel:514-728-2474 Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement (BAPE)/Environmental Public Hearing Board Edifice Lomer-Gouin, 575 rue Saint-Amable, bureau 2.10, Quebec,QC G1R 6A6 Tel:418-643-7447

Government

Kativik Environmental Quality Commission (KEQC) & Kativik Environmental Advisory Committee (KEAC) CP 930,Kuujjuaq,QC J0M 1C0 Tel:819-964-2961 Societe des etablissements en plein air du Quebec (SEPAQ) Place de la Cite,Tour Cominar,2640,boul Laurier,13 etage Quebec, QC G1V 5C2 Tel:418-890-6527 Societe quebecoise de recuperation et de recyclage (RECYC-QUEBEC) - Head Office 300,rue Saint-Paul,bureau 411,Quebec, QC G1K 7R1 Tel:418-643-0394 (RECYC-QUEBEC) - Monteal Office 141 President-Kennedy Ave, Floor 8,Montreal,QC H2X 1Y4 Tel:514-352-5002 Analyse et expertise regionales et du centre de controle environnemental du Quebec/Regional Analysis & Expertise Edifice Marie-Guyart,675,boul ReneLevesque est,30e etage,Quebec,QC G1R 5V7 Tel:418-521-3861 Bureau des changements climatiques/ Climate Change 675,boul Rene-Levesque est,6e etage,Quebec,QC G1R 5V7 Tel:418-521-3868 Direction generale des changements climatiques, de l’air et des relations intergouvernementales 675,boul Rene-Levesque est,30e etage,Quebec,QC G1R 5V7 Tel:418-521-3861 Centre de controle environnemental du Quebec Ediface Marie-Guyart,675 boul ReneLevesque est,30e etage,Quebec,QC G1R 5V7 Tel:418-521-3861 De l’ecologie et du developpement durable Tel:418-521-3861 Services a la gestion & au milieu terrestre/ Administrative Services & Earth Environment Tel:418-521-3861 Centre d’expertise en analyse environnemental du Quebec (CEAEQ) #E-2-220,2700,rue Einstein,Sainte-Foy,QC G1P 3W8 Tel:418-643-1301 Centre d’expertise hydrique du Quebec Tel:418-521-3866

Addresses du Ministere en Region: Bas-Saint-Laurent & Gaspesie-Iles-de-laMadeleine:

Rimouski 212,ave Belzile,Rimouski,QC G5L 3C3 Tel:418-727-3511 Sainte-Anne-des-Monts 124,1re ave O,Sainte-Anne-des-Monts,QC G4V 1C5 Tel:418-763-3301 Iles-de-la-Madeleine

July/August 2015 | 65

Government

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

125 chemin du Park,Suite #104,Cap-auxMeules,QC G4T 1B3 Tel:418-986-6116 Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean: Saguenay 3950,boul Harvey,4e etage,Saguenay,QC G7X 8L6 Tel:418-695-7883

Capitale-Nationale & Chaudiere-Appalaches:

Quebec 1175,boul Lebourgneuf,bureau 100,Quebec,QC G2K 0B7 Tel:418-644-8844 Sainte-Marie 675,route Cameron,bureau 200,SainteMarie,QC G6E 3V7 Tel:418-386-8000 Montmagny 116,rue Saint-Jean-Baptiste O,bureau C,Montmagny,QC G5V 3B9 Tel:418-248-0984

Mauricie & Centre-du-Quebec:

Trois-Rivieres 100,rue Laviolette,bureau 102,TroisRivieres,QC G9A 5S9 Tel:819-371-6581 Nicolet 1579,boul Louis-Frechette,Nicolet,QC J3T 2A5 Tel:819-293-4122 Victoriaville 62,rue St-Jean-Baptiste,S-02,Victoriaville,QC G6P 4E3 Tel:819-752-4530

Estrie & Monteregie:

Sherbrooke 770,rue Goretti,Sherbrooke,QC J1E 3H4 Tel:819-820-3882 Longueuil 201,Place Charles-Le Moyne,2e etage,Longueuil,QC J4K 2T5 Tel:450-928-7607 Bromont 101,rue du Ciel,bureau 1.08,Bromont,QC J2L 2X4 Tel:450-534-5424 Salaberry-de-Valleyfield 900,rue Leger,Salaberry-de-Valleyfield,QC J6S 5A3 Tel:450-370-3085

Montreal,Laval,Lanaudiere & Laurentides:

Montreal 5199,rue Sherbrooke E,bureau 3860,Montreal,QC H1T 3X9 Tel:514-873-3636 Laval 850,boul Vanier,Laval,QC H7C 2M7 Tel:450-661-2008 Repentigny 100,boul Industriel,Repentigny,QC J6A 4X6 Tel:450-654-4355 Sainte-Therese 300,rue Sicard,bureau 80,Sainte-Therese,QC J7E 3X5 Tel:450-433-2220

66 | July/August 2015

Joliette 1160,rue Notre Dame,Joliette,QC J6E 3K4 Tel:450-752-6860

Outaouais:

Gatineau 170,rue de l’Hotel-de-Ville,bureau 7.340,Gatineau,QC J8X 4C2 Tel:819-772-3434

Abitibi-Temiscamingue & Nord-du-Quebec:

Rouyn-Noranda 180,boul Rideau,1er etage,RouynNoranda,QC J9X 1N9 Tel:819-763-3333

Cote-Nord:

Sept-Iles 818,boul Laure,Sept-Iles,QC G4R 1Y8 Tel:418-964-8888 Baie-Comeau 20,boul Comeau,Baie-Comeau,QC G4Z 3A8 Tel:418-294-8888

Saskatchewan Ministry of the Environment 3211 Albert St,Regina,SK S4S 5W6 Tel-800-567-4224, 306-787-2584 Environmental Emergency 24 hour Service 1-800-667-5799 Environmental Assessment Floor 4-3211 Albert St,Regina,SK S4S 5W6 Tel:306-787-7603 Environmental Protection 112 Research Dr,Saskatoon,SK S7K 2H6 Tel:306-933-6542 Environmental Support Division Floor 5-3211 Albert St,Regina,SK S4S 5W6 Tel:306-787-5737 SaskWater - Head Office 200-111 Fairford St E,Moose Jaw,SK S6H 1C8 Tel:888-230-1111 SaskWater - Saskatoon 103-2103 Airport Dr,Saskatoon,SK S7L 6W2 Tel:306-933-1118 SaskWater - Prince Albert 800 Central Ave (McIntosh Mall),Prince Albert,SK S6V 6G1 Tel:306-953-2250

Field Offices: Assiniboia Tel:306-642-7242 Beauval Tel:306-288-4710 Big River Tel:306-469-2520 Buffalo Narrows Tel:306-235-1740 Candle Lake Tel:306-929-8400 Chitek Lake 306-984-2343 Creighton Tel:306-688-8812 Christopher Lake Tel:306-982-6250 Dorintosh Tel:306-236-7680

Duck Mountain Tel:306-542-5500 Estevan Tel:306-637-4600 Fort Qu’Appelle Tel:306-332-3215 Greenwater Lake Tel:306-278-3515 Hudson Bay Tel:306-865-4400 Humboldt Tel:306-682-6726 Kindersley Tel:306-463-5458 La Ronge Tel:306-425-4234 Leader Tel:306-628-3100 Lloydminster Tel:306-825-6430 Loon Lake Tel:306-837-2410 Maple Creek Tel:306-662-5434 Meadow Lake Tel:306-236-7557 Melfort Tel:306-752-6214 Melville Tel:306-728-7480 Moose Jaw Tel:306-694-3659 Moose Mountain Tel:306-577-2600 Nipawin Tel:306-862-1790 North Battleford Tel:306-446-7416 Outlook Tel:306-867-5560 Pierceland Tel:306-839-6250 Pinehouse Tel:306-884-2060 Preeceville Tel:306-547-5660 Prince Albert Tel:306-953-2322 Regina Tel:306-787-2080 Rowan’s Ravine Tel:306-725-5200 Saskatoon Tel:306-933-6240 Shaunavon Tel:306-297-5433 Southend Tel:306-758-6255 Spiritwood Tel:306-883-8501 Stony Rapids Tel:306-439-2062 Swift Current Tel:306-778-8205 Wadena Tel:306-338-6254 Weyburn Tel:306-848-2344 Yorkton Tel:306-786-1463

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Guide to Government Agencies, Associations and Academic Institutions

Yukon Territories Environment Yukon 10 Burns Rd,PO Box 2703,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2C6 Tel:867-667-5652 24 Hour Yukon Spill Report Centre Tel:867-667-7244 - Collect calls accepted Tel:867-667-5683 - Regular Business Hours Climate Change Secretariat Tel:867-456-5544, 800-661-0408 Ext 5544 Environmental Programs Branch 10 Burns Rd/PO Box 2703,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2C6 Tel:867-667-5683, 800-661-0408 Ext 5683 Water Resources Branch 10 Burns Rd,PO Box 2703,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2C6 Tel:867-667-3171 Yukon Fish & Wildlife Management Board PO Box 31104,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 5P7 Tel:867-667-5715, 800-661-0408 Ext 5715

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Climate Change Secretariat 205 Rogers St,PO Box 2703,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2C6 Tel:867-456-5544 Conservation Services Branch 10 Burns Rd,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 4Y9 Tel:867-667-8005 Yukon Parks Branch Bldg 1271,9029 Quartz Rd,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 4P9 Tel:867-667-5648 or 800-661-0408 Ext 5648 Yukon Environmental & Socio-Economic Assessment Board (YESAB) 200-309 Strickland St,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2J9 Tel:866-322-4040

Government

Haines Junction PO Box 2126,Haines Junction,YT Y0B 1L0 Tel:867-634-4040 Mayo PO Box 297,Mayo,YT Y0B 1M0 Tel:867-996-4040 Teslin PO Box 137,Teslin,YT Y0A 1B0 Tel:867-390-4040 Watson Lake PO Box 294,Watson Lake,YT Y0A 1C0 Tel:867-536-4040 Whitehorse 203-309 Strickland St,Whitehorse,YT Y1A 2J9 Tel:867-456-3200

Regional Offices:

Dawson City Bag 6050,Dawson City,YT Y0B 1G0 Tel:867-993-4040

July/August 2015 | 67

ES&E’s at a Glance Guide to Colleges and Universities The following institutions offer diploma and degree programs in these areas: Environmental Biology, Environmental Control, Environmental Technician, Environmental Engineering/Technology, Environmental Health and Science, Environmental Studies, Environmental Toxicology, Environmental Health Engineering.

Alberta

Concordia University College of Alberta..................... Edmonton Keyano College......................................................................... Fort McMurray King’s University College..................................................... Edmonton Lakeland College...................................................................... Vermillion, Lloydminster Lethbridge College.................................................................. Lethbridge Medicine Hat College............................................................. Medicine Hat Mount Royal University......................................................... Calgary Northern Alberta Institute of Technology.................... Edmonton SAIT Polytechnic...................................................................... Calgary Southern Alberta Institute of Technology................... Calgary University of Alberta............................................................... Edmonton University of Calgary.............................................................. Calgary University of Lethbridge....................................................... Lethbridge

British Columbia

British Columbia Institute of Technology.................... Burnaby Camosun College..................................................................... Victoria College of New Caledonia .................................................. Prince George Douglas College....................................................................... New Westminster Kwantlen Polytechnic University..................................... Surrey Okanagan College................................................................... Kelowna Royal Roads University......................................................... Victoria Simon Fraser University....................................................... Vancouver Thompson Rivers University............................................. Kamloops Trinity Western University.................................................... Langley University of British Columbia.......................................... Vancouver, Okanagan University of Northern British Columbia..................... Prince George University of Victoria.............................................................. Victoria

Manitoba

Assiniboine College................................................................ Brandon Brandon University................................................................. Brandon Red River College.................................................................... Winnipeg University of Manitoba.......................................................... Winnipeg University of Winnipeg.......................................................... Winnipeg

New Brunswick

Mount Allison University...................................................... Sackville New Brunswick Community College............................. Various St. Thomas University............................................................ Fredericton Université de Moncton.......................................................... Moncton University of New Brunswick............................................. Fredericton

Newfoundland

College of the North Atlantic.............................................. Various Memorial University of Newfoundland.......................... St. John’s

Nova Scotia

Acadia University..................................................................... Wolfville Cape Breton University......................................................... Sydney Dalhousie University.............................................................. Halifax Nova Scotia Community College..................................... Various Saint Mary’s University......................................................... Halifax St. Francis Xavier University.............................................. Antigonish University of King’s College............................................... Halifax

Nunavut

Nunavut Arctic College................................................... Various

Ontario

Algonquin College................................................................... Ottawa Brock University....................................................................... St. Catharines Cambrian College.................................................................... Sudbury Canadore College.................................................................... North Bay

68 | July/August 2015

Carleton University.................................................................. Ottawa Centennial College.................................................................. Toronto Collège Boreal........................................................................... Sudbury Conestoga College.................................................................. Kitchener Confederation College........................................................... Thunder Bay Durham College........................................................................ Oshawa Fleming College........................................................................ Lindsay Georgian College...................................................................... Barrie Humber College........................................................................ Toronto La Cite Collegiate..................................................................... Ottawa Lakehead University............................................................... Thunder Bay Laurentian University............................................................. Sudbury Loyalist College......................................................................... Belleville McMaster University............................................................... Hamilton Mohawk College........................................................................ Hamilton Niagara College Canada (Niagara-on-the-Lake)...... Niagara Nipissing University................................................................ North Bay Northern College...................................................................... Various Queen’s University.................................................................. Kingston Redeemer University College............................................ Ancaster Royal Military College............................................................ Kingston Ryerson University.................................................................. Toronto Sault College.............................................................................. Sault Ste. Marie Seneca College.......................................................................... Toronto Sheridan College...................................................................... Brampton St. Lawrence College.............................................................. Cornwall Trent University......................................................................... Peterborough University of Guelph............................................................... Guelph University of Ontario Institute of Technology........... Oshawa University of Ottawa............................................................... Ottawa University of Toronto.............................................................. Toronto University of Waterloo........................................................... Waterloo University of Windsor............................................................. Windsor Western University (University of Western Ontario)..................................... London Wilfrid Laurier University..................................................... Waterloo York University.......................................................................... Toronto

Prince Edward Island

Holland College......................................................................... Charlottetown University of Prince Edward Island................................ Charlottetown

Québec

Bishop’s University................................................................. Sherbrooke Concordia University.............................................................. Montréal École Polytechnique de Montréal.................................... Montréal McGill University...................................................................... Montréal Université de Montréal.......................................................... Montréal Université de Sherbrooke.................................................... Sherbrooke Université du Québec............................................................ Various Université Laval......................................................................... Québec City

Saskatchewan

First Nations University of Canada................................. Regina Luther College........................................................................... Regina University of Regina............................................................... Regina University of Saskatchewan............................................... Saskatoon Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology.................................. Various Saskatchewan Polytechnic ................................................ Various Northlands College................................................................. La Ronge

United States

American Public University System............................... Charles Town

Yukon

Yukon College............................................................................ Whitehorse

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

Trust.

It flows from experience & commitment.

Coming from Ontario, land of freshwater, perhaps our dedication to water quality and innovation shouldn’t be surprising. The Ontario Clean Water Agency has earned a world-class reputation in the operation of clean water and wastewater facilities.

Collaboration flows through everything we do. If you’d like to discuss your municipality’s needs, whatever the size, wherever you are, we look forward to talking with you.

For sales enquiries call 1-855-358-1488 or visit www.ocwa.com.

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July/August 2015 | 69

ES&E NEWS Re-start authorized for Mount Polley mine

The Mount Polley Mine in British Columbia has been given a restricted Now available in Canada! go-ahead to re-start operations, nearly Tier 1 Hydro-Pneumatic Surge and one year since a disastrous tailings pond Pressure Control Systems in both breach spilled millions of cubic metres Bladder and Air over Water Solutions of water and slurry. Under these conditions, the mine will operate at roughly half the rate of normal operations. An existing open pit on the mine site will be used instead of the tailings pond.

According to Minister of Energy and AIR RELEASE/VACUUM BREAK Mines Bill Bennett, this “restricted perVALVES FOR SEWAGE & WATER mit to re-start operations” is the first of “ANTI-SURGE /ANTI-SHOCK” three steps for the Mount Polley Mine 10-YEAR WARRANTY • ALL STAINLESS Corporation to continue operation. “[It] RGX RBX does not include the ability to discharge Reliant WQA water off site,” said Bennett.

QUALITY AERATOR for Lagoons and Aquaculture quality aerator for lagoons and aquaculture WQA WATERwater The second step will be a conditionwater quality aerator for lagoons and aquaculture al permit to treat and discharge water, • Course & fine bubble aeration needed by the early fall. Lastly, a longLarge Air Bubble Mixing Technology • Tames sludge buildup ✓ Coarse & fine bubble aeration term plan for water treatment and dis✓ Tames sludge buildup • Handles ✓upEliminates to 5 acres perstratification unit • Eliminates thermal stratification thermal Ideal mixingby for:June 30, Innovative, air burst driven mixing charge must be submitted ✓ Eliminates seasonal turnover • Efficient✓- Only Up to 15moves lbs O2/hr • Eliminates seasonal turnover Anoxic Basins Most 4 hp 9 MGDenergy-efficient mixing 2016.

If either of the last two ✓ Handles up to 5 No acresin-basin per unit Aeration Basinssteps are moving parts Coarse & fine bubble • Low maintenance &toSimple!

• Onlyaeration 4 hp moves 9 MGD ✓ Efficient: Up 15 lbs O /hr Sludge Mixing Easy installation ✓ Low maintenance & Simple! not completed, the mine will not be perames sludge buildup Drinking water storage tank mixing HYDRO-LOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL INC. liminates thermal stratification mitted to operate long-term.

Sewage pump station grease 762 Upper St. James St., Suite 250, Hamilton, ON L9C 3A2 • Ph: 905-777-9494 • Fax: 905-777-8678 liminates seasonal turnover info@hydrologic.ca www.hydrologic.ca HYDRO-PULSE cap busting The Mount Polley& odor Minecontrol Corporation Only 4 hp moves 9 MGD BUBBLETRON Industrial Applications Large Bubble Mixing Technology estimates it will take about 30 days beHandles up to 5 acres per unit Large Air Bubble Mixing Technology Food processing applications, liquor blending fficient: Up to 15 lbs O2/hr fore can begin production. & a it wide range of mixing applications“I know Ideal mixing for: IDEAL Innovative, air burst driven mixing MIXING FOR: ow maintenance & Simple!

Anoxic Basins Most energy-efficient mixing the re-start of the mine is welcome news • Innovative, air-burst driven mixing • Anoxic, Aeration & Swing Tanks Aeration Basins No in-basin moving parts HYDRO-LOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL INC. Sludge Mixing • Drinking water storage tanks Easy installation ENVIRONMENTAL HYDRO-LOGIC INC. for the communities of Likely, Williams •762 Energy-efficient, upSuite to 50% power Technology Upper St. James St., 250,less Hamilton, ON L9C 3A2 • Ph: 905-777-9494 • Fax: 905-777-8678 Drinking water storage tank mixing t. James St., Suite•250, Hamilton, ON L9C 3A2 • Ph: 905-777-9494 • Fax: 905-777-8678 Sludge Tanks • Channel Mixing Applications Sewage pump station grease Lake, 100 Mile House and the families info@hydrologic.ca www.hydrologic.ca • No in-basin moving parts •Ideal Sewage pump grease cap busting & odorcap control busting & odor control info@hydrologic.ca www.hydrologic.ca mixing for:station that depend on the jobs the mine proIndustrial Applications • Industrial and Food Processing Applications. . . and more! • Easy installation Anoxic Basins Food processing applications, liquor blending vides,” said Bennett. & a wide range of mixing applications Aeration Basins Sludge Mixing Inspectors with the Ministry of EnerHYDRO-LOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL INC. rinking water storage tank mixing 762 Upper St. James St., Suite 250, Hamilton, ON L9C 3A2 • Ph: 905-777-9494 • Fax: 905-777-8678 gy and Mines will be onsite during the Sewage pump station grease T: 905-777-9494 • F: 905-777-8678 • info@hydrologic.ca • www.hydrologic.ca info@hydrologic.ca www.hydrologic.ca cap busting & odor control initial start-up period and will conduct 762 Applications Upper St. James Street, Suite 250, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L9C 3A2 Industrial regular site inspections once the mine ssing applications, liquor blending wide range of mixing applications is operating.

Additionally, permit conditions reFive decades of excellence MENTAL INC. quire the company to provide weekly 905-777-9494 • in Fax: 905-777-8678 infrastructure reports, detailing water management drologic.ca planning & engineering and water quality results. If necessary, ministry inspectors have full authority to issue stop work orders for any area of the mine found to be in non-compliance.

Reliant

BUBBLETRON

2

RON

HYDRO-LOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL INC.

What does electric vehicle use mean for utilities?

A series of reports released by Pollution Probe and partner utility companies presents a strategic approach to enabling electric vehicle technology in ten Canadian cities. According to Max Cananzi, president and CEO of Horizon Utilities, the increase in electric 70 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

ES&E NEWS vehicles on the road means a greater demand for electricity and for charging stations.

While the report found that current patterns of EV charging are within Horizon Utility’s generation capacity, increasing EV battery sizes and unknown effects of load swings from charging times, might exceed capacity if nothing is done.

“The report lays out a proactive strategy to ensure that Horizon Utilities continues to be in a position ready to handle the adoption of these new vehicles,” said Cananzi.

The Hamilton and St. Catharines report is broken down into the development of a strategic approach to handling electric vehicle use in the cities; market research on electric vehicle adoption; and an assessment of the electricity distribution system. www.pollutionprobe.org

Mining company ordered to pay $30,000

Markham, ON 905-747-8506 Vancouver, BC 604-251-5722 Edmonton, AB 780-455-4300

The Iron Ore Company of Canada WeKnowWater@BV.com was ordered to pay $30,000 in NewConsulting • Engineering • Construction • Operation www.bv.com foundland and Labrador Provincial Court after pleading guilty to offences under the Fisheries Act. In October 2012, the company failed Black&Veatch_ND.14_ProCard_TP.indd 1 2014-11-12 to notify an inspector of having deposited effluent into fish-bearing water Specialists in a comprehensive range of Municipal, Environmental, Structural, Building, Water Resources, Transportation without authorization. Effluent was and Municipal Engineering deposited into Luce Lake in Labrador Collingwood Bracebridge Orillia Barrie City. Regulations authorize deposits of Email: info@cctatham.com Web: www.cctatham.com effluent so long as conditions stipulated in the regulation are respected.

In this case, the company failed to comply with the condition imposing a limit on the concentration of total susWe retrofit Transfer Stations pended solids in effluent entering water frequented by fish. The company also by providing Baling & Bagging Greey EnWaste™ failed to provide a written report to an Equipment to Guarantee unit of Greey CTS Inc. inspector within 30 days of the unauDiversion of all Organic thorized release.

As a result of this conviction, the Waste from Landfill. email: greey.enwaste@rogers.com www.greeyenwaste.ca company’s name will be added to the Environmental Offenders Registry.

Continuous Clean Energy Power Plant

Plastics Pipe Institute award winners The Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. (PPI) recently announced recipients of awards through its yearly recognition program honoring significant industry contribucontinued overleaf... www.esemag.com

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ES&E NEWS

INTERPROVINCIAL CORROSION CONTROL Leaders in the Cathodic Protection Industry…Since 1957 CORROSION CONTROL PRODUCTS Burlington, Ontario Canada Regional Offices: Montreal, Calgary Lewiston, New York, USA

Tel: 905-634-7751 • Fax: 905-333-4313 www.Rustrol.com

tions and professional achievements.

Three individual members and six member-company projects were acknowledged for exceptional service and significant accomplishments involving the use of various types of plastics in pipe infrastructure.

PPI Projects of the Year award categories included: building and construction; conduit division; corrugated plastic pipe division; energy piping systems; and the municipal and industrial division.

In addition to the PPI Projects of the Year, the association also cited members who have contributed their time and expertise to the advancement and technical documentation of thermoplastic pipe.

To read more about the award winners, visit: www.esemag.com/ppi-awards

Phosphorus reductions needed for Lake Erie Since the 1990s, Lake Erie has been experiencing increasing algal growth, resulting in increased impairment of water quality. To combat this growing threat, the Canadian and U.S. governments are working with others to manage phosphorus concentrations and loadings in Lake Erie, to reduce algal growth.

According to Environment Canada, developing phosphorus reduction targets is a key commitment of the 2012 Canada United States Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.

The targets being proposed for Lake Erie are the result of the science delivered by the federal government’s $16 million Great Lakes Nutrient Initiative, and the work of a binational subcommittee of federal agencies and other partners. nutrientsbinational.net/intro

WEF announces new stormwater institute The Water Environment Federation (WEF) has established a new institute to address the growing issue of stormwater and urban runoff.

Stormwater is the only growing source of water pollution in many watersheds throughout North America.

As urban areas grow and more severe weather occurs, stormwater manage72 | July/August 2015

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

ES&E NEWS ment will only increase in importance.

The institute will serve as a center for excellence and a resource for stormwater practitioners and regulator communities. It will be housed within WEF to make use of the organization’s resources, connections and experience.

Many existing stormwater initiatives within WEF will be brought under the umbrella of the institute, and new programs in key areas such as green infrastructure training will be developed.

The institute will have a strong initial focus on the development of technical tools, professional training, and networking opportunities for stormwater practitioners worldwide. www.wefstormwaterinstitute.org

public health.

“We’ve been ‘managing chemicals’ for decades now but they are still turning up in the lakes. Prevention, not management, is what we need.”

CELA said an important area to focus on is getting chemicals of concern out of consumer products. “Discharg-

es via the use of consumer products, whether it is home cleaning products or flame retardants added to upholstery, has become an increasingly large source of toxic chemicals in the Great Lakes,” said John Jackson of the Citizens’ Network on Waste Management. www.cela.ca

Engineers and Environmental Consultants 1-800-265-9662 www.rjburnside.com

Keeping toxics out of the Great Lakes Work to get toxics out of the Great RJBurnside-JulyAug2014.indd 1 2014-06-20 12:10 PM Lakes is moving so slowly that it may take more than a century to even list all the chemicals of concern, according to the Canadian Environmental Law Association (CELA).

“Toxic chemicals in the Great Lakes continue to be problem. After three years of work, the implementation Science Engineering Ad - 2015 “A leader Environmental in providing innovative team for the Great Lakes Water QualiRV ANDERSON-ProCard_MJ.15_TP.indd 1 5/7/15 8:14 AM 4.75” x 1.5” ty Agreement (GLWQA) Annex 3, are automation solutions to our customers” recommending listing just a handful of We offer a complete range of products & services in the areas of: System Integration chemicals, including PCBs and mercury • Process Instrumentation • Control Panels • Chemical Packages • Programmable Logic Controllers which have been problems for decades.

Celebrating • HMI/SCADA • Computer/Network Services • Service Our research has found that there are Summa Engineering Limited 6423 Northam Drive, Mississauga, ON L4V 1J2 more than 500 known chemicals of conT: 905-678-3388 • F: 905-678-0444 • E: info@summaeng.com • www.summaeng.com of Customer Service cern in the lakes,” says Fe de Leon, researcher with CELA. Meanwhile, rather than embracing the zero discharge approach set out in the GLWQA, the Canadian government is planning to stick with the Chemicals Management Plan approach of setting “safe limits” and controlling risks for discharges.

According to CELA, this approach is outdated, as growing evidence shows that there is no safe limit for many of the more serious chemicals.

“Science is advancing rapidly, and fields, such as green chemistry and engineering, alternatives assessment and materials substitution, are showing that the old ways of ‘managing chemicals’ need to be re-examined,” said Lin Kaatz Chary, author of the report, and an expert in environmental health policy and 14132 summalogoPMS 467.pdf

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July/August 2015 | 73

Advertiser INDEX

Company

Page

ACG Technology.................................... 75 American Public University.................. 25 Associated Engineering........................ 20 AWI........................................................ 15

Travel Notes

Water and drought in the Golden State

By Peter Davey

Canadian Council of Independent Laboratories (CCIL)............................... 33 Canadian Safety.................................... 16 Canadian Water and Wastewater Association....................... 53 CompreVac............................................ 50 Denso ................................................... 53 Endress + Hauser................................... 7 Engineered Pump................................. 24 Envirocan ............................................ 75 Envirogate............................................. 57 Greatario .............................................. 36 H2Flow ................................................. 34 Halliday Products.................................. 28 Hoskin Scientific............................. 21, 39 Huber Technology................................. 51 Hydroxyl................................................ 43 Imbrium Systems.................................. 45 Kemira................................................... 40 Kusters Water....................................... 35 Mantech ............................................... 46 Master Meter ......................................... 3 MONITARIO............................................ 17 MSU Mississauga................................. 19 Odour Management Conference & Technology Showcase...................... 56 Ontario Clean Water Agency................ 69 Osprey Scientific................................... 34 Parsons................................................. 24 Pro Aqua................................................. 9 ProMinent................................................ 2 RV Anderson......................................... 41 Sentrimax.............................................. 37 SEW-Eurodrive...................................... 23 Smith & Loveless.................................... 5 Spill Management................................. 29 Stantec.................................................. 23 Sulzer.................................................... 76 University of British Columbia............. 27 USF Fabrication..................................... 24 Waterra Pumps................... 13, 31, 47, 52 WEFTEC................................................. 49 Western Canada Water......................... 67 XCG Consulting..................................... 14 Xylem Water Solutions......................... 11

74 | July/August 2015

Sacramento River water intake under construction.

S

ix miles from the Sacramento River, California, Woodland Davis Clean Water Agency (WDCWA) is constructing a new water treatment plant with the aim of ending the dependence on groundwater for the communities of Woodland and Davis. The facility is the culmination of two decades of planning by clean water agencies and was awarded to CH2M Hill in October 2013.

Facing increasingly strict state and federal water quality and wastewater discharge regulations and deteriorating groundwater supplies, the plant will treat approximately 30 MGD of water piped from the Sacramento River, using a conventional sand-ballasted clarifier, followed by ozone and filtration. Two four million gallon tanks will provide storage capacity for treated water.

This will allow the communities to reduce their dependence on groundwater and treated water will be pumped into the aquifers, replenishing them and creating a reservoir for future needs.

Nitrate and hexavalent chromate contamination has deteriorated groundwater in the area and regulations on the substances have tightened. Water from the Sacramento River, while experiencing high turbidity during storm events, is clean and easy to treat.

While the facility is using tried and true technology without any difficult restrictions, it is located within a state that has been experiencing a severe drought for four years. On January 17, 2014, California Governor Jerry Brown proclaimed a State of Emergency due to severe drought conditions. Since then, successive regulations have restricted water use in the state.

Recently, the government reported that residential water use declined 28.9% in May compared to the same period in 2014. This, the government said, is the result of a 25% mandatory water conservation regulation adopted earlier in the month.

Signs reading “Recycled Water. Do Not Drink” are common on the grounds of condominiums, shopping complexes and public gardens and parks. According to the state government, outdoor water use accounts for 50% of residential use.

While restrictions may still be in place, water from the Woodland Davis facility is scheduled to reach customers

by May 2016.

The facility is already embracing water conservation, using effluent from a nearby wastewater treatment plant to aid in dust control and other construction uses.

Have you visited an interesting facility or project while traveling?

We want to hear about it! Send your article idea to peter@esemag.com Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

CAPTURE, CUT, REMOVE Pump Station Pump stations are uniquely vulnerable to clogging with rag balls and wipes. That’s why many Canadian utilities install Muffin Monster® and Channel Monster® grinders. Monsters are wipes ready and keep pumps running efficiently.

Headworks Take out all the wipes and stringy debris at your inlet works with JWC’s Finescreen Monster® or Bandscreen Monster® system.

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Sludge JWC’s family of powerful Muffin Monster sludge grinders ensure your dewatering system runs efficiently day after day. Three sizes are available - 10K, 30K or 40K Muffin Monsters. With three choices of hardened steel cutters – 7, 11 or 13 tooth cutters.

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Our solutions provide many ways to boost reliability and cut your energy costs. With our extensive knowledge and experience, we can identify the networks and systems where they will benefit you most. And we secure those benefits not only through our equipment, but also through our extensive service and support network.

For more information visit www.sulzer.com