Sustainable Markets for SHP in Developing Countries Dr. Drona Upadhyay IT Power
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
IT Power: a global sustainable energy consultancy company
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
IT Power SHP experience
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Presentation Outline Introduction - definitions World SHP Capacity Applications of SHP International SHP Markets Case studies Conclusions
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Introduction
Definitions of Small Hydro – No one definition – upper limit generally 10MW – up to 50MW in China
Low env. impact (ROR) Mini Hydro < 1 MW Micro Hydro < 100 kW Pico Hydro < 5 kW
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© IT Power
TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
World SHP Capacity 32,641 MW 228 MW 1,280 MW 2,096 MW
69.2% 0.5% 2.7% 4.4%
Asia Africa South America N & C America (excluding USA) Europe
10,723 MW
22.7%
Australasia-Oceania
198 MW
0.4%
Source: Int. J. Hydropower & Dams
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Applications of SHP Rural residential lighting, info & communication Rural industrial and agricultural Grid connection SHP - contributed more than any RE
© IT Power
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
International SHP Markets
EU - largest supplier of SHP turbines Domestic market constraints Growing energy needs in dev. countries EUREES study suggests India and China as short term market African and Latin American countries in medium and long term Power Sector Restructuring in DCs
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
China 17% of planet’s hydropower resource Installed over half of World Capacity Renewable Energy Promotion Law Wide range of domestic manufacturers Yunnan & Xinjiang - offer particular opportunities with huge potential
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
India Estimated SHP potential of 15,000 MW Only about 10% has been developed Favourable government policy Govt. actively encouraging private sector Well-established financing packages Recognition of usefulness of SHP in remote areas
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Brazil 88% of electricity from hydropower 18 million without reliable electricity PROFINA - to install 3300 MW by 2008 Govt. incentives - eg PRODEEM New emphasis on remote areas
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Uganda
Abundant hydro resource (2000 MW along Nile) 1% rural Uganda electrified Inventory identified 200 MW of non-Nile sites Power sector reform Financing a key concern Possibility of CDM funding G8 focus on Africa
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Conclusions - General Huge SHP resource in developing countries Rapidly increasing energy demand due to economic growth Favourable govt. policies for renewable energy development
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Conclusions - Countries China has massive potential but needs different approach Huge untapped market in India with big potential for intervention and govt. support Brazil - govt. incentives for SHP Massively under-electrified Uganda and Africa offer a significant potential
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Turbine Manufacturing Workshops In China
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
Micro hydro for electrification and milling
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005
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TNSHP ∇ Small Hydro Power Workshop ∇ Lausanne ∇ 2005