La physique aujourd'hui - Astrophysique

9ff­] Egf\aYd] \] dY H`qkaim]

9kljgh`qkaim] ]l ;gffYakkYf[] \] d Mfan]jk Fglj] [gffYakkYf[] \m kqklŽe] kgdYaj] ]l \] d Mfan]jk Y dgf_l]ehk j]hgk­ kmj d Ykh][l naka% Zd] \] d]mjk eYfa^]klYlagfk&

9 K L J G H @ Q K A I M =

@=KK 2 DY im¯l] \]k h`glgfk ]plj¯e]k D]k jYqgfk _YeeY kgfl hjg\malk \Yfk d]k ]f\jgalk d]k hdmk ]plj¯e]k \] d mfan]jk 2 j­ka\mk \]k ]phdgkagfk \ ­lgad]k$ Ymlgmj \]k ljgmk fgajk _­Yflk$ Ym []flj] \ Ymlj]k _YdYpa]k$ ]l e¯e] \Yfk \]k gZb]lk ]f[gj] af[gffmk&&& D]mj ­f]j_a] ]kl hdmk \] eadd] eaddaYj\k \] ^gak []dd] \ mf h`glgf \] dmeaŽj] nakaZd]& D] jYqgf _YeeY$ ]f afl]jY_akkYfl Yn][ d Ylegkh`Žj]$ \gff] fYakkYf[] § mf] [Yk[Y\] \] hYjla[md]k$ ima ­e]ll]fl hYj ]^^]l ;`]j]fcgn! mf] dmeaŽj] nakaZd]$ Zd]ml­]$ \Yfk mf ­[dYaj ljŽk Zj]^&

<]hmak im]dim]k \­[]ffa]k$ \]mp j­ngdmlagfk k] kgfl hjg\mal]k 2 d ]phdgjYlagf khYlaYd] Y h]jeak \] hgkalagff]j$ Ym \]d§ \] d ­[jYf im] [gfklalm] fglj] Ylegkh`ÂŽj]$ \]k afkljme]flk \] hdmk ]f hdmk hj­[ak$ h]je]llYfl mf] nm] \] hdmk ]f hdmk hjg^gf\] \] d Mfan]jk& HYjYddÂŽd]e]fl § []dY$ \ Ymlj]k e]kkY_]jk JYqgfk P$ jYqgfk _YeeY$ jYqgfk [gkeaim]k$ f]mljafgk&&&! l­egafk \]k h`­fgeÂŽf]k d]k hdmk nagd]flk kgfl \­l][l­k ]l afl]jhj­l­k hgmj Y^% Ă&#x161; f]j fglj] [gehj­`]fkagf \] d Mfan]jk ]l \] kgf ­ngdmlagf kmj ), eaddaYj\k \ Yff­]k& Fglj] [gehj­`]fkagf \] d Mfan]jk ]kl dgaf \ ÂŻlj] [gehdÂŽl]$ eYak d]k im]dim]k ]p]ehd]k ­ng% im­k \Yfk []ll] ]phgkalagf n]md]fl addmklj]j d]k hjg_jÂŽk af[]kkYflk ]l kgmn]fl kh][lY[mdYaj]k im] h]je]l d af_­fagkal­ `meYaf] imYf\ ]dd] k Ydda] Ymp hjg_jÂŽk \] dY l][`fgdg_a]&

/HV WpOHVFRSHV GH +(66 HQUHJLVWUHQW O¡pFODLU &KHUHQNRY G¡XQH GXUpH GH TXHOTXHV PLOOLDUGLqPHV GH VHFRQGH DYHF TXHOTXHV FHQWDLQHV GH SKRWRQV EOHXV SDU P JUkFH j VHV JUDQGV PLURLUV HW VD Š FDPpUD ª UDSLGH

;]k \g[me]flk gfl ­l­ j­Ydak­k _j¨[] § d aehda[Ylagf ]l § dY ngdgfl­ \] lgml] dY [geemfYml­ \] d Ykljgh`qkaim]& Im] lgmk q kga]fl a[a j]e]j[a­k&

=p]ehd] 2 DY hj]eaÂŽj] [Yjlg_jYh`a] \ mf] kgmj[] \]k jYqgfk _YeeY$ \ mf] \aYeÂŽlj] \] (&-(Â&#x2021; k]eZdYZd] § dY dmf]!& Ad k Y_al \ mf j]kl] \] kmh]jfgnY$ JP B)/)+%+0,$ j­ka\m \] d ]phdgkagf \ mf] ­lgad] ad q Y )-(( Yfk&

&UpGLWV ,PDJHV 1$6$ (6$ (62 &1(6 &($ &156 2%630 'URLWV UpVHUYpV

9 K L J G H @ Q K A I M =