Traditional Building Methods in Modern Architecture by Esther Kiruba

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE

Seminar Progress Conclusion An amalgamation of how these studies will help for future designs.

Step 04 Conclude with Design Inferences

Step 03 Analyse Thermal Comfort Levels and other Parameters

Case Studies Text Book, Online and in person studies of examples.

Analysis Taking the Researched Data and breaking them down to understand and quantify.

Step 02 Cite Examples with Traditional Methods

Data Collection

Step 01

Definitions, Facts and Statistics.

Define Traditional and Modern Architecture TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

http://home.sandiego.edu/~kaufmann/envi_mars495/envi_mars495_handout.html

What are Traditional Methods? Traditional Methods of Architecture include strategies and technologies that were used by our ancestors in different regions as different types based on a number of factors such as

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Site Orientation

Culture

Orientation, layout and location on site will all influence the amount of sun a building receives and therefore its year-round temperatures and comfort.

The very essence of every built form or built up environments is the manifestation of culture masked behind its layers of abstraction

02 Climate

Local Materials

Climate plays a very important role in architectural and building forms. Design has to be appropriate for the climate so as to create necessary internal comfort.

Locally available and appropriate materials directly influence the building construction techniques and methods used.

Architectural design and climate‐an overview M. A. O. Oyeniyi http://www.level.org.nz/passive-design/location-orientation-and-layout/

What is Modern Architecture? Modern architecture, or modernist architecture was based upon new and innovative technologies of construction and a rejection of ornament. Modern Architecture can be defined by

Industrialisation

Prototypes and Repetition

Innovative Technology

New Materials

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Modernism in architecture, British Institute of Architects

TRADITIONAL VS MODERN There is always the question of how Traditional and Modern Architecture spark an intense battle of which is better among traditionalists and modernists.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

https://www.archdaily.com/771154/the-manhattan-of-the-desert-shibam-yemens-ancient-skyscraper-city https://arcspace.com/feature/cctv-headquarters/

A Few Traditional Methods in Modern Architecture. 02

Passive Heating 04

Daylighting

Passive Cooling 03

Passive Ventilation 05

Local Building Materials TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Vernacular Traditions Contemporary Architecture Aiswarya Tipnis

A FUSION OF TRADITION & MODERN TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

The tactile qualities of Traditional Architecture inspire architects and designers to design buildings that marry traditional craftsmanship with modern forms and techniques. This also helps in reducing costs of the building and increasing thermal comfort of the building.

7 Buildings That Marry Traditional Materials With Modern Forms, Architzer Editors

A Few Architects who have successfully implemented the same

HASSAN FATHY

REVATHI KAMAT

SIRESH BHERI

successfully pioneered appropriate technology for building in Egypt, especially by working to reestablish the use of adobe and traditional.

successfully uses traditional building methods and materials especially in site level design to complete moder n buildings.

successfully completes construction on the site with most of the materials taken from the site itself and incorporates nature as part of the design.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Spaces inspired by Nature, Siresh Bheri

A Few Architects who have successfully implemented the same

CHARLES CORREA

LAURIE BAKER

SHANKAR N

successfully incorporated ancient architecture ver nacular, or traditional architecture in its essence only and every time he defined new type of vocabulary of built environment.

successfully incorporated the use of brick in varied ways so as to come about cost effective construction in moder n homes.

successfully incorporates traditional building materials like Stone in moder n structural components such as columns and beams.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

The architect changing lives in post-quake Nepal, Nonie Niesewand Vernacular Traditions Contemporary Architecture Aiswarya Tipnis

How and Why? 01

Construction Methods

Cultural Value 03

Spatial Planning TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Building Material 05

Thermal Comfort Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular, Mamun Rashid

Parameters to be analysed Thermal Comfor The Micro Climate including Temperature

Day Lightin The Internal Lighting and Shading.

Energy Consumption The total Energy consumed by the building.

Cos How expensive it is to construct the building.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Sustainable design: How to achieve thermal comfort, Eight Associates

Analysis (Quantitative)

Step 05 Conclude the study with inferences.

Step 04 Tabulate the results

Step 03 Step 02

Find out what kind of savings can be calculated because of the use of these methods.

Compare and analyse the Strategies and Methods employed

Step 01 List Down Data

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

http://www.level.org.nz/passive-design/location-orientation-and-layout/

Dandi Kutir Evaporative Cooling: Dandi Kutir at Gandhi Nagar reduces

the

ambient

temperature around the site by introducing a

moat all

around the building itself, which scales around the site and and across circulation pathways.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular, Mamun Rashid

Methods used by Charles Correa

The units are grouped in a

The application of the

the Indian village with its

concept of isotropy (similar

pathways and see ingly

to fractals) can be seen in

randomly placed buildings

Hindu temples on their

and its meeting points; in

façade by applying repeated

this instance the central

small infinitely scalable

water court.

consciously asymmetric manner to be analogous to

structures.

He used a modular grid but at the same time he is also following organic planning of village to break the rigidity of grid.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

https://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/gutschow/india/India%20Student%20Analysis.pdf

Organo Design Strategy: Organo at Moinabad u s e s a n U n d e rg ro u n d Wind Chamber which helps in reducing the temperature

degree celcius.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular, Mamun Rashid

Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre Cultural Value: Kanak Tribe Tribute in the form of the building.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular, Mamun Rashid

Modernist Space Spatial Planning: The grid of the column layout in a Mru dwelling

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular, Mamun Rashid

Methods used by Hassan Fathy Minimal Windows

Jaali

Light Coloured Walls

Breeze Pathways

Domes Wind Tower

Thicker Walls Open Internal Spaces

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

http://www.archidatum.com/articles/hassan-fathy-and-the-architecture-for-the-poor-the-controversy-of-success/

Planning

Compact settlement

Non Obstructed Ventilation

Close Proximity

North South Orientation

Courtyards

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Design Principles in the Hot and Arid climate of Iran, The Case of Kashan, Mohammad Reza

Methods used by Hassan Fathy

Wind Towers 02

Domes and Vaults

Lattices 04

Courtyard 05

Local Building Materials

Local Building Technique https://www.architectureindevelopment.org/project.php?id=30 TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

http://www.archidatum.com/articles/hassan-fathy-and-the-architecture-for-the-poor-the-controversy-of-success/

Traditional Methods 05 Advantages LOW

MAINTENA NCE

04 NATURAL BUILDING MATERIALS

03 ENERGY EFFICIENT

02 COSTEFFECTIVE

01 ECO FRIENDLY

structures like stone boundaries can endure a thousand years or more with very minimal or almost no maintenance.

Traditional architecture is essentially different from modern architecture in terms of the materials and are durable

employs energy-efficient materials than modern architecture. It is generally considered more durable than modern architecture

the craftsmanship involved does not need hi-tech equipment to process and install as in the case of modern architecture design. Also, this type of architecture helps in preserving the sense of cultural heritage in a specific region

adapting architecture to local climatic codes serves a great deal in cutting down carbon footprint. This also includes building houses more durable to withstand extreme weather conditions like storms, earthquakes, landslides, etc.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

https://foyr.com/learn/traditional-architecture-v-s-modern-architecture/

Modern Methods Advantages

05 FENESTRATION

Another aspect of modern architecture is large inlets for air and light. The modern architecture styles will have large window frames enabling panoramic views and natural ambient lights.

ENVIRONMENTCONSCIOUS

03 SMARTER TECHNOLOGIES

02 MULTIUTILITARIAN

even modern architecture tends to use materials that are energy-efficient and low-maintenance. Certain modern architecture designs include usage of unconventional energy sources like solar power, rainwater harvesting etc.

Since modern architecture designs are a blend of curved and straight lines, it lets space be modified as and when required. The relative simplicity of an open floor plan in a modern architecture design lets space be easily adjusted with the help of movable furniture or storage spaces.

01 CONTEMPORARY SOLUTION

greatly focuses on interplay between man and environment in a given space. It thoughtfully includes plants and greenery to add calmness and freshness within the living spaces.

modern architecture designs are a conscious effort to present relevant and practical architectural solutions. It emphasizes on the use of innovation for a modern and sustainable lifestyle.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

https://foyr.com/learn/traditional-architecture-v-s-modern-architecture/

Inferences Method Used

Working Mechanism

Wind towers

"catching" air and cooling it as it passes down the shaft.

Rainwater Collection Pond

The water is passed through the roots of two plants -- Phragmites Australis and Typha Latifoli -- for purification the material is sourced within a local radius and of this, 95 per cent are extracted or harvested on site Sensors detect the illumination levels from the courtyard and trigger the deployment of efficient electric lighting

Local usage of material Courtyards Mushrabiyah

controls the passage of air current to reduce temperature, as it reduces the reflected heat and solar radiation and allows air to pass through freely.

Nubian Vault

the African technique which uses no scaffolding and made made with the locally available mud.

Underground Wind Chamber

Earth as a giant, ever-lasting heat sink.

Evaporative Cooling

ambient temperature around the site/ building is reduced by the water evaporating and the prevalence breeze over it.

Adobe Construction

building walls with longer time lag to decrease heat flow inside the building

Domes and Vaults

the principle of convection is used to make the hot air move upward and out of the building. Being inspired by vernacular architecture either through form, spatial planning or even philosophies.

Imitating from the Past

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Savings Cooled by up to Provides Upto

8˚ Celsius

30% savings in water

60% savings in Cost

88% savings in Energy Consumption Upto 4% savings in Energy Consumption & 6% of the HVAC Load 30% less expensive than an iron roof Upto

house tries to maintain the temperature at

20˚-24˚ Celcius. reducing the temperature by 4˚ Celcius. reduce energy consumption by 6% to 19% increase air movement inside the building The cultural and traditional values are retained.

Modernity in tradition: Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular (Rapoport, 2005, Oliver, 2003) Green Architecture In India: Combining Modern Technology With Traditional Methods By Raj Jadhav

Conclusion Traditional Methods offer a rich repertoire of architectural knowledge not only in the field of design, innovations, and sustainable techniques but also local solutions honed by culture and social logic, thereby adding a deeper meaning to the architecture Indeed modern architecture that is often considered as radically innovative, when inspired by traditional or vernacular forms and when used in conjunction with Traditional Building Methods can help increase efficiency, cost effective, energy savings and help increase the thermal comfort of the place.

TRADITIONAL BUILDING METHODS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE Esther Kiruba Jeba Kumar 19171NB002

Thank You!