The Express Tribune hi five - August 11

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Your Proofness: Mahim Maher Master Storyteller: Sundar Waqar Creativity Analysts: Amna Iqbal, Essa Malik, Jamal Khurshid, Samra Aamir, Anam Haleem, Umar Waqas

HISTORY OF FLYING

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

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Hi light

HISTORY OF FLYING Man has always dreamt of flying and throughout time has experimented with flight. From the mythological tale of Icarus to soaring the skies in hot air balloons and airplanes here are some of the successful experiments conducted by man to fulfill his dream of flying.

Icarus In Greek mythology, Icarus is the son of the master craftsman Daedalus who made two pairs of wings out of wax and feathers for himself and his son. Daedalus tried his wings first, but before taking off from the island, warned his son not to fly too close to the sun but to follow him. But Icarus soared through the sky curiously and came too close to the sun, which melted the wax.

He kept flapping his wings but soon realised that he had no feathers left and that he was only flapping his bare arms. He fell into the sea in the area which today bears his name, the Icarian Sea near Samos, Greece.

Hot air balloons and Zeppelin The hot air balloon is the oldest successful, human-carrying flight technology. In 1783, in France, the first, free-manned flight was performed in a hot air balloon. A hot air balloon consists of an envelope capable of containing heated air from an open flame in the passenger basket below. The heated air inside the envelope makes it float since it has a lower density than the relatively cold air outside the bag.

Hot air balloons that can be driven through the air rather than just being pushed along by the wind are known as airships. A zeppelin is a type of an airship pioneered by von Zeppelin in the early 20th century. The advantage of the design of zeppelins is that the aircraft can be much larger than other airships and thus, don’t have to rely on single pressure envelope to maintain their shape.

Though the first actual helicopter wasn’t built until the 1940s, it is believed that Leonardo da Vinci’s sketches from the late fifteenth century led to modern day flying machine. As with many of da Vinci’s ideas, he never actually built and tested it — but his notes and drawings mapped out exactly how the device would operate. Da Vinci scribbled next to his sketches of the machine: “If this instrument made with a screw be well made — that is to say, made of linen of which the pores are stopped up with starch and be turned swiftly, the said screw will make its spiral in the air and it will rise high”. Known as the ‘airscrew’, the device was designed to compress air to obtain flight — similar to today’s helicopters.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

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Hi light

Wright Brothers The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American brothers, inventors and aviation pioneers who were credited with inventing and building the world’s first successful airplane in 1903. From 1905 to 1907, the brothers developed their raf aft. t A Alt flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.

Although not the first to hers ers r w erre the th he ffirst to invent airbuild and fly experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were o si os sibl b e. e. T he b he bro ro otth her er fundacraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flightt p possible.

The brothers’ e-a axi x s co onttro r l,l, w hich hi ch e n bl na bled ed d tthe mental breakthrough was their invention of three-axis control, which enabled tai a n it ts eq e u lil br ui b iiu um. T hiis me h meth th hod d pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain its equilibrium.

This method rccra rc aft o off al a ind nds.. became and remains standard on fixed-wing aircraft alll ki kinds.

Man who flew Yves Rossy, a Swiss airline pilot by day and adventurer by night is the first man to fly in air. Rossy developed and built a system comprising a back pack with semi-rigid airplane-type fiber wings powered by four attached jet engines modified from large kerosene-fueled model aircraft engines. The 22-mile flight took him only 10 minutes and he had hoped to reach 125 MPH. He started by jumping out of a small, French plane and quickly flipped on the jet pack. From there he attempted to follow the route Louis Blériot took 99 years ago when he became the first man to cross the English Channel in a plane. The crazy part, he steered with his head. Once over his target, he simply parachuted down.

KIDS.NATIONALGEOGRAPHYIC.COM

What would you like to see in Hi Five? Send an email to hifive@tribune.com.pk and let us know!

Pakistan Air Force In 1933, the British colonial government of India established the subcontinent’s first Air Force station near Drigh Road, now called PAF Base Faisal. In 1934, this element of the Pakistan Air Royal Indian Air Force (RIAF) Force F-7P was extended to the North for fighter jet operations in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.

Later the RIAF contributed to the defeat of the Japanese invasion during World War II. The prefix ‘Royal’ was removed when Pakistan became independent and has since been called the Pakistan Air Force.

The Pakistan Air Force is tasked with the aerial defence of Pakistan as well as providing air logistics support to the Pakistan Army and the Pakistan Navy. The PAF also provides strategic air transport and logistics capability to Pakistan. The PAF employs approximately 65,000 full-time personnel (including approximately 3,000 pilots) and, currently, operates 400 combat aircraft as well as various transport and training aircraft. The Pakistan Aeronautical Complex is a facility used to service, assemble and manufacture aircraft for the Pakistani Armed Forces. It is located at Kamra, in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

Activity

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Bookmark Instructions:

Supplies needed: - Chart Paper - Scissors - Glue - Pencils and Markers

Step 1: Cut out six small circles of chart paper.

Step 2: Use glue and paste the top of the circles together.

Step 3: After you are done pasting and you have a caterpillar ready, on the first circle make the eyes and lips of your caterpillar.

Step 4: Write something on the other five circles. Some ideas: — Real geniuses like to read!

— Ready, steady, READ!!!

— I’m a bookworm — Now which page was that?

Your bookmark is ready!!

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

World wide weird

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Get your weekly dose of the unusual and funny from across the globe!

Meet the new match-makers A blind couple is set to marry after being drawn together by their love struck guide dogs. Claire Johnson, 50, and Mark Gaffey, 52, first met during a two-week guide dog training course. Claire’s dog Venice struck up a friendship with fellow service dog Rodd, with the pair quickly becoming inseparable. Claire and Mark brought together

by Venice and Rodd’s romance, soon became romantically involved themselves and eleven months later the pair has decided to tie the knot. Mr Gaffey explained to the Telegraph: ‘During the training our two dogs, Rodd and Venice, seemed to know something we didn’t. ‘They were always playing together. The trainers said that they were the love and romance of the course, and they brought us together.’ The pair, from Hanford, got engaged during filming for ITV show Me and My Guide Dog, with Ms Johnson saying: ‘I suppose I can never say I will forget the day I got engaged. And it wouldn’t have happened if it wasn’t for our dogs. They will be walking us down the aisle and be ring bearers. This wedding is down to them.’ METRO.CO.UK

Water-skiing rodent Twiggy the water-skiing rodent has been wowing guests for years and recently appeared at Michigan’s Family Fun Zone. It has also starred in Hollywood films Dodgeball and Anchorman as a result of its wild adventures on the water. The squirrel manages to glide along by wearing special skis and holding a cable being pulled by a small remote-controlled speedboat. Its skills have landed it an audition on America’s Got Talent and the admiration of many. There have been four versions of Twiggy (the current one is female) performing since 1979. METRO.CO.UK

Books and Movies

by Faiza Rahman

Do fairies exist?

In the year 1920, a renowned Scottish doctor and writer penned a ground-breaking article to prove the existence of fairies. The writer was no other than Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of the Sherlock Holmes series. The article, published in the Christmas edition of an important magazine, left Britain shocked.

Doyle wrote about the Cottingley Fairies, who had appeared in photographs taken by two girls in 1917 in Cottingley, a village in West Yorkshire. Elsie Wright, 16, and Frances Griffiths, 9, had befriended a number of water-sprites and pixies and winged gnomes in the countryside, who appeared in a total of five photographs which were

Where’s my fur?

He may have one of the best names on the planet, but things haven’t always gone smoothly for the adorable bunny rabbit. Delta-Mouse began shedding his fur after he was born six weeks ago, leaving him with just a small amount of hair on his body and needing factor 50 to survive Britain’s July heatwave. Believing him just to be the smallest of the litter, his owners didn’t worry about his small size or initial lack of body hair. ‘I thought he was the smallest of the litter with a skin condition,’ explained owner Debbie Akin, 40. ‘I have grown up around rabbits and we have had several litters but I’ve never seen anything like Delta-Mouse. ‘I worried he wasn’t eating properly, but he was living and just looked a bit different, especially compared to the other rabbits.’ Delta-Mouse has since been diagnosed with pituitary dwarfism, a condition which was thought to only exist in dogs. The delicate rabbit requires his eyes to be bathed each morning to help him open them after they become stuck together overnight. And when out in the sun he has to be lathered in factor 50 sun cream to protect his sensitive skin. Hair has now regrown on most of his body, although he still has bald patches on his the back of his head and the top of his feet. ‘He’s thriving and very spritely,’ added Ms Akin from Horwich, Greater Manchester. ‘He’s super friendly and loves to sit on your shoulder. ‘He’s become quite a little celebrity, everyone wants to come round and see him and have their picture taken with him.’ DAILYMAIL.CO.UK

published along with Doyle’s article.

But while contact with fairies brought fame, skeptics posed great difficulty. The 1997 film by Paramount Pictures, FairyTale: A True Story, recounts the tale of Elsie and Frances’ friendship with fairies, their lives in the little cottage near Bradley and the difficulties that their family had to face as a result of their popularity in England.

The film shows how the two village girls, despite being so young, braved much criticism and skepticism from some important people in England.

But, is it possible that the skeptics were right, and that Elsie and Frances were just a bit too clever?

You will have to watch the movie and do some research on the Cottingley Fairies to find out!

Do you have a favourite book that was made into a movie?

Send an email about it to Faiza at hifive@tribune.com.pk

Under my umbrella As we suddenly find ourselves reaching for the umbrellas over sun block, this savvy tree frog had a similar idea — snapped sheltering for 30 minutes under a leaf in Jember, Indonesia. The smart amphibian was snapped by photographer Penkdix Palme, who was surprised to see the animal with the leaf above his head. ‘I love to photograph frogs so when it started to rain I rushed outside to look for them,’ said the 27-year-old.

‘I couldn’t believe it when I saw one hugging the leaf and using it like an umbrella.’ The photographer managed to capture the frog battling against the elements with his tiny cover. DAILYMAIL.CO.UK

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

Did you know?

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s n i g i r O d r o W Aeroplane or Airplane?

Aeroplane, originally a French word with a different meaning, is the [older spelling] of airplanes. The oldest recorded uses of the spelling airplane are British. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, airplane became the standard American term (replacing aeroplane) after it was adopted by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in 1916.

Although A. Lloyd James recommended its adoption by the BBC in 1928, it has until recently been no more than an occasional form in British English. The prefixes aero — and air — both mean air, with the first coming from the Ancient Greek word aer. Thus, the prefix aero appears in aeronautics, aerostatics, aerodynamics, aeronautical engineering, and so on, while the second air occurs in aircraft, airport, airliner, airmail etc. In Canada, airplane is more common than aeroplane, although aeroplane is not unknown, especially in parts of French Canada (where it is, however, used only in English — the French term is avion, and the French word aeroplane designates 19th-century flying machines).

How to Say ‘Airplane’ in many different languages Azerbaijaini Bulgarian Catalan Croatian Czech Danish Dutch Filipino Finnish German Haitian Indonesian Italian Malay Norwegian Polish Swahili Swedish

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Teyyara Camonem Avio Avion Letadlo Flyvemaskine Vliegtuig Eruplano Lentokone Flugzeug Avyon Pesawat Terbang Aereo Kapal Terbang Fly Samolot Ndege Flygplan

Cool facts A “jiffy” is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second.

The youngest pope ever was 11 years old.

The average chocolate bar has 8 insects’ legs melted into it.

The shortest war in history was between Zanzibar and England in 1896. Zanzibar surrendered after 38 minutes.

A polar bears skin is black. Its fur is actually clear, but like snow it appears white.

A shrimp’s heart is in its head.

Pearls melt in vinegar.

Nepal is the only country that doesn’t have a rectangular flag. Switzerland is the only country with a square flag.

The tool doctors wrap around a patient’s arm to measure blood pressure is called a sphygmomanometer.

Most household dust is made of dead skin cells.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

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Fun & games

Crossword

How carefully did you read this week’s issue of HiFive? If you think you are upto the task, try to solve our special crossword. The answers are all over HiFive! Put on your thinking caps, it is time to put the old noggin to work!

Across 1. The farthest destination for a human spaceflight mission has been the -------------.

6. Icarus soared through the sky curiously and came too close to the ---------which melted the wax on his wings.

8. Although not the first to build and fly experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to ----------— aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.

9. As with many of da Vinci’s ideas, he never actually -------— and tested it.

11. Yves Rossy, a Swiss airline pilot by day and adventurer by night is the first man to ------------— in air.

14. Louis Blériot took 99 years ago when he became the first man to cross the English Channel in a --------------.

16. -----------— melt in vinegar.

17. The Wright brothers are credited with inventing and building the world’s first successful --------------.

18. A ----------— is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second.

19. The first manned ------------— was launched by the Soviet Union.

Down 2. The hot air balloon is the ----------— successful human-carrying flight technology.

3. The average ------------— bar has 8 insects’ legs melted into it.

4. Hot air balloons that can be driven through the air rather than just being pushed along by the wind are known as -------------.

5. Yves Rossy started by jumping out of a small, French plane and quickly flipped on the ----------— pack.

7.

Known as the “airscrew”, the device was designed to compress air to obtain flight — similar to today’s --------------.

9. In 1783, in France, the first free manned flight was performed in a hot air -------------.

10. A polar bears skin is -------------.

12. A shrimp’s heart is in its ------------.

13. Daedalus made two pairs of wings out of ------— and feathers for himself and his son.

15. Leonardo da Vinci’s sketches from the late fifteenth century led to modern day ----------— machine.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, AUGUST 11, 2013

Comic!

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