The Express Tribune hi five - September 21

e n u b i tr THE

EXPR

ESS

T

NE R IB U

, SEP

TEM

BER

21, 20

14

rk ternet wo How the in PAGE 2-3 Running orpurgo’s Michael M E4 Wild PAG

rgery Goldfish su 5 PAGE

e ethoscop Make a st PAGE 8

The World at Your Fingertips Your Proofness: Sarah Munir Master Storyteller: Nudrat Kamal Creativity Analysts: Jamal Khurshid, Essa Malik, Samra Aamir, Talha Ahmed Khan, Munira Abbas, Omer Asim and Umar Waqas

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

Hi light

2

The World at Your Fingertips Seventy-seven years ago, a famous writer H G Wells predicted the internet decades before anyone had ever heard of such a thing. In an essay, he talked about a super encyclopaedia of knowledge which would “pull the mind of the world together.” Today, the internet has really become a super encyclopaedia of all the world’s information. It contains billions of times as much information as was held in all the libraries during the world in the time of the ancient Romans.

For those of us who have grown up with the internet, it is hard to imagine how truly revolutionary it is. The world before the internet was entirely different. If you had to send a letter to a friend living abroad, you had to wait months before your friend actually received the letter.

If you had to dig out information for your school project, you had to visit a library and sift through dozens of books. There was no such thing as online gaming, where players from all over the world play a video game together. Now all of this is just a click away.

A timeline of the internet The Internet is very young compared to other technologies that we have grown up with. It is only 45 years old, whereas the telephone, for example, has been around for 138 years. But in these four and a half decades, the internet has grown in leaps and bounds. Here are some of the important developments in the history of the internet: The first network of computers is invented. It is called Arpanet and it has only two computers, both in America.

1969

The world’s first email is sent.

1971

The Arpanet connects computers oceans apart.

For the first time, a computer in England is linked to it.

1973

The first online versions of two newspapers are uploaded. It takes two hours to download a daily edition.

1981

The first emoticon is invented, to be used after a joke.

1982

How does the internet work?

We know how the internet works in a very basic way. There is a WiFi modem which allows us to access the internet through our computers, iPads and smartphones. Beyond that, we tend to imagine that the internet is a magical space somewhere above us where all this information is stored. But how does the internet actually work? To understand the internet, we can look at it as an intricate spider web, with interconnected threads, only a million times more complex and covering the whole world. It is a gigantic collection of millions of computers, smartphones, laptops and iPads. All of these devices can be one of two types: servers and clients. The devices which provide service are called servers. For example, when you visit Google, your computer forms a link to a bunch of computers which provide the service of Google. These computers are servers. The other types of devices that just use the internet, like our own computers or phones are called clients. Information travels between servers and clients through the internet’s weblike connections.

What would you like to see in Hi Five? Send an email to hifive@tribune.com.pk and let us know!

A switch is made from Arpanet to the internet, which can host many more computers. By this year, there are almost 20,000 computers connected to the internet.

1987

The internet’s first chatting system is invented.

1988

IMDb, the world’s biggest TV and film database is created.

1990

The world’s first webpage is created.

1991

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

Hi light

3

How do websites work?

Let’s imagine that a friend calls you up right now and asks you to check out a really cool website. You type in the name of the website into your internet browser, and no matter where in the world you are, the webpage magically opens. In the couple of seconds it takes for the website to load, several things happen.

First your web browser connects to a server and requests a webpage that is contained in that server. Then the server sends the requested page back to your browser.

There are billions of devices connected to the internet, so how does specific information reach a specific device? Each device has its own address, which is called the IP address. Much like we need to know someone’s house address if we want to go visit, information on the internet also needs the IP address of the device it is being sent to. When our browser opens a website, it gives our IP address to the server and the server sends the webpage back to that address.

Being safe on the Internet The internet is an exciting place. You can befriend people halfway around the world, find out anything you want to know, and some across people who are interested in the same things you are, no matter how unusual those things may be. But just like anything else, the internet has its flip side as well. It is, therefore, important to be safe and responsible while using the internet. Here are a few tips for internet safety: 1. Never give out personal information (phone numbers, home addresses, etc) on any social networking websites such as Facebook or Twitter.

2. Never share your password with anyone except your parents, not even with your best friends.

3. Never agree to meet in real life someone you met on the internet.

4. Don’t respond to mean emails or messages. Tell a responsible adult if the person keeps sending you such emails.

5. Before posting pictures of yourself online, always check with your parents.

6. Sit with your parents and go over the privacy settings of your online profiles on social networking sites.

7. It’s easy to be rude on the internet because most of the time you don’t know the person. Don’t be rude or mean, or say anything which you wouldn’t say to a person’s face.

8. Don’t install or download software before checking with your parents. Many softwares can be harmful to your devices.

The world’s first weblog (now known as the blog) is created.

1994

Online stores Amazon and eBay are established.

1995

Social networking websites are invented.

1999

Wikipedia, an online encyclopaedia in which anyone can contribute, is invented.

2001

Facebook is created.

Youtube is created.

Twitter is invented.

2004

2005

2006

Radio and television programmes can be streamed online.

2007

There are almost three billion internet users in the world today (around 40% of the world’s population).

Since 1969, internet usage has increased from two users to three billion users.

2014

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

Activity

4

Q: What do you call an alligator wearing a vest?

A: An Investigator

What does a hungry ghost want?

Ice scream.

Q: What do you call a sleeping bull?

A: A bull-dozer.

What do monsters call human beings?

Breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Teacher: Could you please pay a little attention?

Student: I’m paying as little attention as I can.

What did one maths book say to the other?

Boy, do I have problems.

Why can’t fishermen be generous?

Because their business makes them sell fish.

What did one ghost say to the other ghost?

Do you believe in people?

Q: Why did the frog say meow?

A: He was learning a foreign language.

Q. Where did the school kittens go for their field trip?

A. To the mew-seum.

Books and Movies The book Running Wild, written

by Michael Morpurgo, is an epic jungle adventure tale of a young boy and his friend, Oona the elephant. When the book starts, nine-year-old Will and his mother have just arrived in Indonesia. But this isn’t some exotic holiday. They have come here to start their lives all over again, to build a new life without Will’s father, who has passed away. Things seem to be going well until one fateful day at the beach.

A tsunami suddenly hits the beach and Oona, frightened by the oncoming water, starts running with Will on her back.

But even when they have left the tsunami behind, Oona still

runs, going deep into a jungle.

With nothing but the clothes he is wearing and a water bottle, Will must learn to survive the dangers of the jungle. There are wonders and amazing things here, but also scary animals and hunters. As Will and Oona become friends and Will discovers the jungle, he must thwart the plans of evil man Mr Anthony who wants to burn down the jungle to o grow palm m oil trees so that he e can make money. Read Running ning Wild and experience Will’s exciting xciting jungle adventure on the back ack of an elephant.

Do you have a favourite book or movie you would like us to review?

Write to us at hifive@tribune.com.pk and tell us all about it.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

Get your weekly dose of the unusual and funny news from across the globe!

Foam monster Londoners were in for a bit of a fright when a sinister white mass appeared out of nowhere over River Lea, getting bigger and bigger until it had formed a wall across the water. Piles of foam up to 10ft high poured over the river at Lea Bridge Road, near Hackney Marsh. When caught by the wind, segments of the strange substance were lifted into the air and blown up to half-a-mile away across the surrounding area.

The foam is thought to have been caused by detergent getting into the river but the Environment Agency said it had been unable to find the source of the pollution. Onlooker Francesco D’Orazio said, “There’s a big white foam moloch floating on the River Lea – straight out of a JJ Abrams flick.” An Environment Agency spokesman said, “Dissolved oxygen elsewhere on the River Lea suggests pollution has moved downstream and is leaving the river system.” METRO.CO.UK

Goldfish brain surgery George is a very special goldfish – special because he has just undergone surgery to remove a tumour from his brain. Because of a tumour which was hanging off his head, George had been suffering for a long time, being unable to eat or swim properly. That was until Dr Tristan Rich, a hero veterinarian, took on his case. The goldfish was admitted to the Lort Smith Animal Hospital in North Melbourne, Australia, where Dr Rich said he would either put the fish to sleep or try performing a complicated surgery on him. George’s owner decided to opt for the surgery. The 10-year-old goldfish was put under general anaesthesia for 45 minutes while the tumour was removed. The anaesthesia was put in the water in which George was being kept. “It’s a very fiddly procedure, and you have to be very careful about blood loss,” Dr Rich, who has performed 10 operations on fish before, told a local newspaper. “George is now doing great; he spent a few days in the tank, and is now swimming happily in the pond.” METRO.CO.UK

World wide weird

5

Oompa Loompa skydivers

Fans of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory were in for a treat when 40 daredevils took the Roald Dahl classic to new heights. To celebrate the publication anniversary of the book, the first ever Marvellous Oompa Loompa Skydive was held in Peterborough. The skydivers dressed as Oompa Loompas (the short, orange people with green hair who help run Willy Wonka’s Chocolate Factory) and jumped from a height of 13,000 feet. The skydive was part of Roald Dahl’s Marvellous Children’s Charity, a charity event which raised £20,000 for sick children. Jodi Betts, a nurse whose role at Cambridge’s Addenbrokes Hospital is funded by the late author’s charity, was the first to fall 13,000ft down to the Sibson airfield in Peterborough. “It was thrilling to give something back and also very scary – but nothing compared to the challenges faced by sick children every day,” she said. METRO.CO.UK

Beating the odds Until Quincy Symonds was two and a half years old, she had spent more time at the hospital than she had at home. Suffering from a rare adrenal insufficiency condition (in which not enough of the hormone cortisone is produced), Quincy needs medication three times a day and wears a note on her arm about the medical care she needs. But Quincy doesn’t let her illness be the most important thing about her. When she was four years old, she discovered surfing. Now six years of age, Quincy has become the best surfer of her age in the world. “I don’t feel scared in the ocean,” she says. “They call me the Flying Squirrel.” Quincy’s raw talent in the ocean surprised her parents. “The very first time I saw her out in the ocean, she changed, she became a complete person,” her mother Kim Symonds said. “To say that about a 4- or 5-year-old might sound very strange, but I watched it happen.” MIC.COM

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

6 Did You Know?

Does reading in dim light really damage your eyes?

For all of us who have attempted to secretly read books after bedtime, or have refused to put away a really engrossing story just because there isn’t sufficient lighting around us, there are always parents who point out that reading in dim light will damage our eyes. Well good news, everyone. Science has proved again that sometimes parents can be wrong. The only damage reading in a dimly lit setting will do, compared to reading with lots of light, is that your eyes will become tired.

This extra strain on your eyes will go away simply by resting your eyes. This shouldn’t be very surprising since people have been reading by candlelight for centuries without them having eyesight problems. In fact, the opposite has happened, with myopia (weak eyesight) being on the rise even with our bright light sources. Still, this myth is so common that even doctors and teachers believe it, despite the fact that there is no scientific evidence supporting it. The reason why reading in low light is said to cause myopia is because you have to focus harder on the words on the page, which is done by lengthening your eye muscles more than usual. Optometrists (eye doctors) recommend taking a few minutes’ break in between reading in which you look at something at a distance instead of focusing on something up close. However, it should be kept in mind that people who read a lot or who focus on things with their eyes for extended periods of time (especially people who use the computer a lot or do a lot of sewing) do have a higher chance of getting myopia (also called nearsightedness).

How to say ‘banana’ in different languages Afrikaans Albanian Basque Catalan Czech Dutch French Icelandic Igbo Latin Persian Spanish Yoruba

: : : : : : : : : : : : :

Piesang Banane Platano Plàtan Banán Banaan Banane Banani Unere Ariera Moz Plátano Ogede

Cool facts The average person eats 35 tonnes of food during their lifetime.

There are more stars in the sky than grains of sand on the earth.

A group of frogs is called an army.

Most robberies occur on Tuesdays.

Koalas sleep for 22 hours a day.

Staying awake for two weeks straight can kill you.

To have your picture taken by the very first camera in the world you would have had to sit still for eight hours.

A candle’s flame is round and blue in zero gravity (in space).

A bumblebee will take a nap if you put one in the freezer.

It’s possible for pigeons to get suntans.

Octopuses decorate the place in which they live by placing shells and remnants of their meals outside their dens.

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

7

Artwork

Notable Entries for the Liberty Books Cards Competition

Alima Hasan Winner

Rehman Khan

Tahira Owais Zubairi

Ammar Siddiqui Winner

Hadia Imtiaz

Madiha Imtiaz

THE EXPRESS TRIBUNE, SEPTEMBER 21, 2014

Make a stethoscope 2

Stethoscopes are used to listen to a person’s heart. We can make a very basic stethoscope easily.

You will need: • Kitchen tissue paper roll tube • Scotch tape • Small funnel

1

What to do: 1. First, try using just the kitchen roll tube. Place it on a friend’s chest and listen. Can you hear their heart beating?

2. Next, tape the funnel into one end of the kitchen roll. Listen to a friend’s chest again, does it sound clearer?

Make a prediction – what do you think would happen to your heart rate if you did some star jumps? Hint – will the heart have to beat faster?

Trying counting the number of beats before and after some exercise. Can you record this data on a chart?

What is happening: Stethoscopes used by doctors consist of a chest piece, rubber tubes and earpieces. The chest piece consists of a diaphragm and bell which amplify the sound of the beating heart so the doctor can hear it clearly. Similarly, the funnel amplifies the heartbeat so that it’s easier to hear.

SOURCE: SCIENCE-SPARKS.COM

Fun-filled Story Time On Saturday, September 13, Liberty Books launched a new and exciting activity for young book lovers. In collaboration with Drama Mama, a popular parenting blog, Liberty Books held the first of a series of fun-filled story telling sessions called Saturday Stories. The theme this week was farming. Four books related to farms were read: Click Clack Moo, The Cow That Laid an Egg, Farmyard Beat and The Very Busy Spider. Children were given music shakers which they played in time to the story and rhymes that were presented.

The event was a success as children of all ages had lots of fun listening to the funny and exciting stories. Saturday Stories will continue until November 1, with a new theme every alternate week. Visit the BBQ Tonight branch of Liberty Books and join in the fun.

PHOTOS: LIBERTY BOOK