Eurofish Magazine 1 2009

February 1 / 2009

ISSN 1020-9956 February 1 / 2009 C 44346

seafood exposition 28 - 30 April 2009 Brussels Exhibition Centre Brussels, Belgium

EUROFISH Magazine

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Italy Aquaculture diversifies away from rainbow trout

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Estonia: Convenience products on the rise Faroe Islands: Ensuring sustainable fisheries Salmon: The effect of the financial crisis on markets FISH INFO network

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2009 C 44346 February 1 / 6 ISSN 1020-995

The fastest way to advertise in Eurofish Magazine Seafood Exposition Visit us at the European Hall 5 / Booth 639 Brussels 28. – 30. April 2009,

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In this Issue

Picture: Vello Laanemaa, laanemaa@kunstnik.ee

Biodiesel from fish waste – set to take off ?

Estonia – Strategic development plans for Estonia’s eight areas will contribute to the sustainability of the coastal fishery in particular by encouraging fishers to organise. The formation of associations that coordinate actions with local authorities should facilitate investments to modernise run-down ports and their facilities. Funding from the European Fisheries Fund will help to achieve the objectives laid out in the strategy plans for the fisheries areas which include the further development of processing and marketing of fish and seafood. The processing industry in Estonia produces a variety of smoked, canned, marinated and dried products based mainly on fish from the Baltic Sea, while value added products use imported raw material. The aquaculture sector in Estonia is dominated by rainbow trout and carp which is sold mainly from the fish farms to local consumers, put-and-take fishery operations and supermarkets.

Read more on page 28 Italy – Catches in the fisheries sector in Italy have tended to decline since 1984. The number of vessels in the fleet has also dropped due to decommissioning schemes that have been implemented since 1999, while of those that are left the majority are fifteen years old or more. Dr Francesco Saverio Abate, General Director of the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Policies in an interview with Eurofish says that the fishing sector is in a crisis caused by low production as well as weaker prices. Compounding this is the increase in prices of fuel that have reduced margins even further. The problems of the sector are being addressed in the operational programme that emphasises the rebuilding of fish stocks, and reducing their exploitation by further reductions in the fleet and limits to the fishing effort.

Read more from page 20 Fisheries management on the Faroe Islands – The Faroese fishing industry is an important component of the local economy. Fish and seafood are practically the Faroes Islands’ only export and the industry supports hundreds of jobs in this community of 48,000 people. The significance of the sector makes the proper stewardship of the resource vital and the Faroese are committed to the sustainability of their fish stocks. Management plans hinge on fishing effort rather than quotas and the limited number of days at sea is divided between the vessels in the fleet. In addition, other measure such as area closures and restrictions on the use of certain kinds of gear are also used to prevent over-exploitation of stocks.

Read more on page 40 Aquatic resources for biofuels – The debate on biofuels has until recently focused on fuels from corn, sugarcane, soya rapeseed, and other plants grown on land, but research has shown that it is possible to extract fuels from algae and fishwaste as well.

Algae offer several advantages over other crops not least because they require no irrigation. Algae are also a lot more productive than other crops yielding many times more fuel than an equivalent volume of soy bean or rapeseed. Fish waste is usually converted to fish oil, but it is also possible to process it into biodiesel, though the benefits of doing so will be determined by the relative prices of biodiesel and fish oil.

Fish waste is already being converted to biodiesel in a few countries and the number will only increase with the forecast growth in global aquaculture.

Read more on page 46

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

Eurofish around

Contents

Faroe Islands

40 Frozen logistics rely on networking

Italy

20 Fleet needs further restructuring Increased quality, traceability, and added value should characterise Italian fish and seafood

22 Interview with Luigi Giannini, Federpesca Italian products well known in Central and Eastern Europe

24 Movinox Processing machinery for Mediterranean species

26 Coopam farms 12% of the bass and bream in Italy High quality products for discerning customers

News

Aquaculture

Technology

54 AB SEAC upgrades the FPM-300 Filleting machine for twenty gram fish

56 Salmco Slicing ­machines appropriate for the meat industry

56 Inauen Several packaging machines on display at ESE

6 International News 14 North Atlantic Seafood Forum, 4-5 March 2009, Oslo Meeting the challenges of today to prosper tomorrow

16 European Seafood Exposition, 28-30 April 2009, Brussels Getting ready for seafood’s biggest event Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

46 Biofuels from aquatic resources Diesel from fish waste, biofuel from algae

Species

50 Part 5: Lobster from Canada Processing and lobster products

the world

Contents

Estonia

28 Fisheries and fish processing in Estonia Convenience products are on the rise

34 The aquaculture sector in Estonia Rainbow trout and carp dominate production

36 Fisheries research in Estonia Popularising sprats and herring from the Baltic

38 Sustainable development of fisheries in Estonia Developing strategies for fisheries areas

Cover picture courtesy Cooperativa Produttori Acquacoltori Maremmani

Trade + Markets

Fish Infonetwork News

Service

64 Member country news

62 Diary Dates

65 Projects

66 Imprint

66 List of Advertisers

58 Laksekonferansen 2008, Oslo The market for salmon in a time of uncertainty

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

[ international news ] USA: Retailers go in for seafood sustainability

Italy: Poland signs the Eurofish Agreement

The Food Marketing Institute, an association of over 1,500 retailers and wholesalers in the United States and outside, has adopted a new policy supporting sustainable seafood. The Institute urges its members to learn about the issues surrounding sustainable seafood and to educate company and store associates. In addition FMI encourages its members to consider sustainability in their sea-

On 12 January 2009, Mr. Kazimierz Florian Plocke, Secretary of State for Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland, signed the Eurofish Agreement at the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations in Rome. With the signature of the Agreement, which has to be ratified by the Polish Parliament, Poland has taken a decisive step towards becoming a member country of Eurofish.

The initiative of Poland to join Eurofish is a strong sign of recognition from a leading Central and Eastern European country with an important fisheries and aquaculture industry,

food procurement policies and to explore sustainability certification for seafood. FMI members have an annual sales volume of USD680bn and represent three quarters of all retail food store sales in the United States. The new policy developed from the work done by FMI’s Sustainable Seafood Working Group which is developing guidelines to help companies establish sustainable seafood programmes.

Picture: FAO/Giulio Napolitano

Chile: Neighbourhood plan to fight ISA

Poland signed the Eurofish Agreement at the FAO headquarters in Rome taking a definitive step towards becoming a member of Eurofish. Membership will be confirmed once the move is ratified by the Polish parliament. (From left, Lidia Kacalska-Bienkowska, Fisheries Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Poland; Wojciech Ostrowski, Permanent Representative of Poland to FAO; Kazimierz Florian Plocke, Secretary of State for Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland and Victor Hjort, Eurofish.) of the role that Eurofish plays as a regional organisation for the development and trade of fisheries and seafood in Europe.

The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Organisation for the Development of Fisheries in Eastern & Central Europe (Eurofish) was adopted on 23 May 2000 and became effective on 12 October 2001 when it was signed by five countries. The Director General of FAO is the Depositary of the Agreement. Currently the member countries of Eurofish are Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Romania, Spain and Turkey.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

The impact of ISA (infectious salmon anaemia) a disease that has bedevilled the Chilean salmon farming industry for months could result in a fifty percent fall in production in 2009, reports Intrafish. In a further effort to combat the problem the Directorate of Fisheries has defined fiftyeight neighbourhoods with the help of the industry association Salmon Chile. The idea behind creating the

neighbourhoods is to mount a coordinated campaign against the highly contagious virus that will contain the spread of the disease. There will be twenty-four neighbourhoods in Region 10 and thirty-four in Region 11. At a closed meeting members of Salmon Chile were informed of the new arrangements in the battle against ISA and were told the neighbourhoods in which they would operate.

Denmark: New study to highlight the potential of angling International studies have shown that angling is more than just a relaxing sport but often has significant social and economic consequences such as creating jobs and incomes both at a local level and nationally.

At the same time the income generated can be used to improve the aquatic environment benefitting thereby both the fish and the angler.

In Denmark a new study has been commissioned by Fishing Denmark, an organisation for the development and marketing of angling, and the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, that will analyse the potential of angling in Denmark. The study will provide an overview of the

possibilities offered by sustainable angling, the potential to create jobs, and the economic spin offs. It will also investigate and make concrete recommendations to strengthen angling, improve the environment, and promote commercial ventures. The Danish island of Fynen has attracted increasing numbers of Danes and foreign tourists who are interested in angling thanks to the project Seatrout Fynen that has made it among the most attractive destinations for anglers in Europe.

The new report which should be ready in mid 2010 will reveal the areas that have the most potential to attract tourists.

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Seafood Retailing in financial crisis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; what is happening? What is the outlook?

Consumer trends in the current economic downturn will be a key subject at the European Retail Seminar, which will be a centrepiece of the first day of NASF 2009. Which products are likely to gain and loose in a time of reduced disposable income? Experts have been invited from 6 market-leading international retail giants

to present the latest market information and look ahead to future trends. An unmissable event for all executives involved in processing and trading seafood in the European markets. Presentations will conclude with a Panel debate, allowing delegates to pose their own questions.

The NAS Forum is the largest seafood conference in the world, and a leading meeting place for the world of seafood industry. In 2008, 550 top-level executives from 25 countries and 250 companies attended the Forum events. This venue will provide you with new and invaluable insights into the world seafood markets and the premium seafood companies.

For full conference programme and registration â&#x20AC;&#x201C; go to www.nor-seafood.com

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[ international news ] Russia: Prodexpo charts the future of the Russian food industry

Brussels: Increase in North Sea cod TAC for 2009

The Prodexpo trade fair to be held 9-13 February 2009 in Moscow is dedicated to the food, beverages, and raw materials sector. This yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s show will be the sixteenth edition of the fair and is expected to confirm its position as one of the most important events in Russia for companies involved in the food and beverages industry. Backed by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and the local government of Moscow, Prodexpo has played a significant role in highlighting trends within the sector and encouraging the domestic industry. The fair attracts a number of international exhibitors, in 2008 almost 40% of the stands were put up by foreign companies.

The number of participants has increased steadily since the first

Cod TACs in the North Sea were increased 30% as a result of an agreement between the EU and Norway at the end of last year. The agreement also calls for the reduction and ultimate elimination of discards, and introduces measures such as area closures to protect juvenile fish, gear to prevent cod catches, and a ban on high-grading (discarding legally caught species of low value in favour of high value fish). World Wildlife Fund said that the increased TACs could be accepted only if industry sticks to the tough controls agreed to. Cod TACs in other EU waters were reduced, but the Icelandic ministry of fisheries has recently announced an increase in the Icelandic TAC from 130,000 to 160,000 tonnes. The decision was taken partly due to the

edition of the even 15 years ago and although growth in the number of foreign stands has not been as rapid, the number of Russian exhibitors has increased from 75 in 1994 to 1314 last year. Sixty foreign countries were represented at the fair last year and over forty-five thousand visitors, mainly from Moscow and other regions of Russia. The Russian market is still growing despite the recession. A study conducted by an Austrian consumer research organisation concluded that in 2008 Russians were joining the global trend away from home-made food and towards commercial products such as ready-made and easy-to-prepare items that saved time. Purveyors of ready meals and other convenience foods should take note.

Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

financial problems facing Iceland, but also because indications of cod stock sizes have been positive. Increases in cod quotas however is bad news for producers of farmed cod.

Coming on top of a economic recession that has already put pressure on prices, an increase in the availability of wild cod is the last thing the farmed cod industry needs. A major British buyer of seafood says that increases in cod quotas contradict the fact that cod is under threat and thereby denies farmed cod its major selling point, reports Intrafish. Cod producers agree and feel that more should be done to get buyers to focus on the other strengths of farmed cod, such as the freshness of the fish, uniform sizes, and the fact that it can be supplied through out the year.

Refuel in the Faroes, sheltered from the open sea

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[ international news ] Obituary Professor Ibrahim Okumus

Denmark: Fall in insurance gives exporters headache

Professor Ibrahim Okumus was one of the scientific pioneers of Turkish aquaculture and worked tirelessly to promote its sustainable development both at a national level, but especially internationally. One of his last projects was to help develop a roadmap for Turkish marine aquaculture site selection and zoning using an ecosystem approach to management. This road map is to help cage farmers move from inshore to sites offshore where there is less impact and less conflict with other sectors. He was a loyal and active member of EAS and was the programme co-chair of Aquaculture Europe 2007 in Istanbul. Several months before this important event, he was hospitalised, but came out quickly and got straight back to work to help make the conference a success. He was also active in many European initiatives and research projects. Despite his illness, Ibrahim put his candidature forward to be a member of the 2008-2010 EAS Board of Directors – such was Professor his commitment Ibrahim to aquaculture Okumus and to EAS. passed away on 5 Professor OkuDecember 2008. mus was educated at Çukurova Üniversitesi where he completed his masters degree in 1986 in the field of animal husbandry. Three years later he went on to the Humberside College in the UK graduating with a diploma in fisheries management in 1990.

Between 1990 and 1993 he studied at the University of Stirling in Scotland earning his Ph.D. He spent much of his career at the Karadeniz Technical University researching, teaching, and supervising students, as well as carrying out his administrative responsibilities in the fisheries department. He was also the coordinator of the Soccrates/Erasmus programme, a European student exchange facility, from 2004 to 2007. Professor Okumus moved to Rize University as dean becoming the pro-rector there in 2007.

Fish and seafood exporters in Denmark have been seriously affected by a fall in their credit insurance as a consequence of the financial crisis, reports Børsen, a Danish economic newspaper. The industry is confronting a loss in seafood exports that could reach EUR403m (DKK3bn) reckons the seafood processors’ association, Dansk Fisk.

The industry is calling for measures to be taken immediately to secure the EUR2.7bn (DKK20bn) worth of seafood exports that make Denmark the largest exporter of fish products in the EU. Credit insurance ensures

His vast knowledge of Turkish aquaculture made him highly sought-after as Turkey’s representative on a number of national and international institutions, councils, committees, and commissions. He was also an author, editor, or advisor on several journals such as the Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the Israeli Journal of Aquaculture, and the Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. He was a regular contributor to the Eurofish Magazine whenever there was an issue on Turkey.

In the course of his career Professor Okumus supervised eleven M.Sc and seven Ph.D students and worked on eighteen aquaculture projects, many of which related to local trout species. He was keenly aware of the environment and strove to reduce the impact of aquaculture on the surroundings. At the same time he saw the potential of fish farming and knew the importance of maintaining good relations between all the stakeholders. His loss will be greatly felt by all in the European aquaculture industry and beyond. Professor Okumus is survived by his wife Leyla Okumus and three daughters.

10 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

the seller is paid most of what he is owed even if the buyer is declared insolvent. It typically involves an excess of ten to twenty percent. It is companies in eastern European countries such as Romania and the Ukraine in particular for which credit insurance is no longer available. The lack of credit insurance is also putting Danish exporters’ working capital credit lines in jeopardy. The chairman of Dansk Fisk expects that politicians have begun negotiations and are working on a model that will ensure the continuation of the credit insurance.

UK: Largest UK fishery certified to MSC standard The Scottish Pelagic Sustainability Group’s (SPSG) mackerel fishery has been certified to the Marine Stewardship Council standard making it the biggest UK fishery to win certification to date. The fishery is Scotland’s most valuable, in 2007 it caught almost 100,000 tonnes of mackerel. Now that it is certified, smoked, fresh and frozen mackerel from the fishery will go on sale bearing the MSC logo of sustainability to show that the product can be traced back to the fishery. The mackerel

from the fishery was worth almost EUR72m (£80m), but the value increases several times after it goes through the processing industry.

The SPSG’s herring fishery was certified to the MS standard in July 2008.

Both fisheries can now address buyers seeking fish that has been certified as sustainable. The SPSG was in fact established to oversee the certification of North Sea herring and Western mackerel and includes all the organisations involved in the Scottish pelagic industry.

UK: New managing director for AEW Delford in the UK The Marel group, a leading provider of advanced processing solutions for the food industry, that incudes the brands Scanvaegt, Marel, AEW Delford, Dantech, and Carnitech has announced the appointment of a new managing director for AEW Delford in the UK. Roy Mercer will succeed Asgeir Asgeirsson who will now devote himself exclusively to his position as Marel Food Systems’ Director

of Product Development which he had been holding in parallel with the position at AEW Delford.

Since 2008 Roy Mercer has been Corporate Sales and Service Unit Management Adviser managing Marel Food Systems’ Sales and Service Units worldwide. Mr Mercer has a background in Scanvaegt, UK where he was general manager since 1988. He will start in his new position on 1 February 2009.

[ international news ] Italy: MSE Rimini opens its door for the 8th time The Mediterranean Seafood and Processing exhibition will be held from 14 to 17 February in Rimini, Italy for the eighth time. This year too the exhibition will offer an overview of the complete seafood sector with companies from all along the value chain displaying their goods and services. These include the catching sector, processing companies manufacturing fresh, frozen, and preserved products, as well as ready meals that just need to be placed in the oven or microwave briefly before they are consumed.

The processing equipment section of the exhibition will bring equipment manufacturers from all over Italy and other countries in the region to exhibit their machinery. Processing, gutting, skinning and curling machines will be on display as well as completely automated processing lines for large operations.

In 2008 over forty percent or 81 of the 192 companies exhibiting came from abroad while the rest were from Italy. Among the visitors to the exhibition will be several from

The MSE Seafood and Processing will be held in Rimini, Italy, 14-17 February.

the hotels, restaurant and catering segment. Fish and seafood is in increasing demanded when eating out. According to the FAO while about 400,000 tonnes are consumed at home, 200,000 tonnes are eaten away from the home.

Over 6,000 square meters of space was dedicated to the seafood and equipment exhibition in 2008, but the MSE is held simultaneously with three other events: the International Food Show which highlights food and trends for eat-

12 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

ing out and large scale distribution; the Pianeta Birra Beverage & Co, an exhibition dedicated to beer, beverages, snacks, furnishing and fittings for pubs and pizza parlours; and Oro Giallo, the international exhibition for olive oil.

In total these events drew 88,000 visitors of which 3,000 were from abroad in 2008.

This year the MSE will introduce an award for the best new product to be exhibited at the fair. Surveys carried out by the organisers on

exhibitors and visitors reveal that one of the main motivations to attend the event was to discover new products. To be eligible for the award the product should either have only recently been put on the market or be going on to the market in the near future.

Products using special technology during their manufacture or innovative packaging material will be considered for a special mention. By instituting the award the organisers hope to give the product a high profile and at the same time provide an incentive to firms that invest in research and development.

On 16 February the association Legapesca is organising a seminar on hygiene procedures for seafood and molluscs which will be addressed by speakers from different Italian and European Commission authorities involved in hygiene as well as the leaders of European shellfish producer associations.

More information on the MSE is available from www.medseafood. com

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events

North Atlantic Seafood Forum, 4-5 March 2009, Oslo

Meeting the challenges of today to prosper tomorrow International delegations from Ireland, UK, Germany and France will join Ministers and top seafood company executives in Oslo for what is billed as the world’s biggest seafood business conference. The North Atlantic Seafood Forum is to be opened by Helga Pedersen, Norwegian Minister of Fisheries, and will be chaired by Guus Pastoor, the president of the EU Fish Processors Association. Equal weight is being given to the three most important finfish sectors in the North Atlantic – salmon, whitefish and pelagics, in the conference programme.

T

he North Atlantic Seafood Forum to be held in Oslo, Norway on 4 and 5 March promises again to be two days of inspiring discussion. The seafood sector today is going through wrenching changes, economies are in recession, fuel prices, though significantly lower today, hit unprecedented levels last summer triggering mass protests and calls for action from fishermen, the processing industry is tussling with fishermen over imports, and production from capture fisheries is falling ever further. Many of

these issues will be taken up at the conference and their impact analysed for the audience by leading experts. The session on the market and competition in the salmon sector will examine production of and markets for Norwegian salmon and will also consider the Chilean industry. Geir Isakson from Cermaq, Lars Liabø from Kontali Analyse and Merete Kristiansen of the Norwegian Seafood Export Council will be among the speakers at this session which will be moderated by Terje Martinussen, CEO of the Norwegian Seafood Export Council.

14 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

The quality of the speakers is one of the reasons the NAS forum in 2008 attracted five hundred and fifty top level executives from two hundred and fifty companies and twenty-five countries, a thirty percent increase in attendance over the year before. Attendance this year is expected to be similar.

What is it that convinces executives to take two or three days out of their busy schedules to attend a conference? That which distinguishes the NASF from other events is that long term issues that affect the entire seafood industry

The North Atlantic Seafood Forum promises a wealth of information on all sectors of the industry in the North Atlantic.

are comprehensively debated, says Jørgen Lund, director of the North Atlantic Seafood Forum, and the organiser of the event.

Retail seminar acts as magnet for the industry The reputation of the conference also plays a role, as well as the novelty of the programme.

We have not shirked from taking bold inititiatives in the past when organising the conference, says Jørgen Lund, and this year is no different. In 2009 the conference will for the first time feature a European retail seminar where speakers from six major retailers in the UK (Sainsbury`s & Marks & Spencer), France (Carrefour), Germany (Globus), the Netherlands (Ahold), and Sweden (ICA) will discuss consumer trends in the midst of an economic slowdown.

The retail seminar will be chaired

by Mike Parker, deputy CEO of the Foodvest group, and John Rutherford, the CEO of Seafish.

Considering the brutal competition for market share in the

[ events ] supermarket sector the mere fact that speakers from six retail chains have agreed to share a platform is fairly unprecedented.

And retailer typically are notoriously tight-lipped. Carrefour, says Bruno Correard, a consultant for the seafood sector and a former Carrefour employee, who is currently responsible for marketing the NASF conference in France, is certainly not known to be very communicative. However, a new CEO, and changes in branding strategies may be playing a role in making the group more informative than in the past. A number of highly current topics will be addressed at the retail seminar. How will the supermarkets respond to the recession? What products will gain and which will lose in a period of general belt-tightening?

What trends do the experts foresee for the future? These and other issues to be addressed at the retail seminar make it a must-attend event for company executives.

The session will conclude with a panel debate which will open the discussion to the floor and allow members of the audience to participate with their questions.

Corporate finance seminar draws major players Day two of the conference opens with the fisheries management summit which looks at the resource situation in the North Atlantic. Chaired by Leiv Gønnevet from SINTEF, speakers from Norway, Canada, and Iceland will consider what the future holds for the fisheries sector. A session devoted to whitefish will look at profitability in the sector and analyse the competition from other countries such as Vietnam. The post-lunch session will focus on pelagics and will be chaired by Iain MacSween from the Scottish Fishermen’s Organisation.

Running parallel to the sessions on pelagics and whitefish is the corporate finance seminar where the chief executives of the 15 biggest names in the Norwegian and Nordic seafood industry will discuss the financial crisis and other issues in a round table moderated

by Nordea Bank and ABG Sundal Collier. The seminar will deliver invaluable insights into premium seafood companies.

Fisheries ministers, country delegations to attend Registrations for the conference are strong despite the recession.

Or perhaps even because of it, as people come to hear about others doing even worse than themselves! Several fisheries ministers are expected, headed

by Helga Pedersen from Norway who opens the conference and several others from Europe and North America who will be in attendance. From China, France, UK, Germany and Ireland groups of industry representatives will attend the conference. The Irish delegates are doing a tour of the coast to visit Norwegian companies before returning to Oslo for the conference, while the French participants plan a seminar the day before the conference opens on 4 March. This is designed as a business to business meeting where key French and Norwegian executives can get together and discuss sensitive issues like quotas, market expectations, and the impact of the crisis. The event is being co-organised by Norway Trade Fairs and the Norwegian Seafood Export Council and will culminate in a reception in downtown Oslo.

The delegation from France will represent a cross section of the country; the Boulogne-sur-Mer region, the south of France around

the Cote d’Azure, Brittany, and not least, the area around Rungis, Europe’s biggest fish and seafood wholesale market. All the sectors of the French industry will be represented at the event, producers, distributors, caterers, traders, researchers and processors. France, with its 66 million inhabitants and a per capita consumption of fish and seafood of 36 kg is a very important market in Europe. Acknowledging this the organisers of the conference are providing simultaneous interpretation of the presentations into French.

A German group that represents the big wholesalers, retailers, logistics and research institutes is also expected. As the fourth largest importer of fish and seafood in Europe Germany is an important player on the market for seafood.

At the retail seminar Germany will be represented by Globus, a supermarket chain that offers a fresh fish counter at all its stores. Alexander Wever, a consultant for the fisheries sector, and NASF marketing representative for Germany, is optimistic about the industry.

People will continue to eat fish and they will consume as much as they did last year, he says. Per capita consumption in Germany has been rising slowly but steadily since 2002 to reach (provisonally) 16.4 kg per capita in 2007.

Workshop on innovation to catalyse network building Today innovation is a key driver of prosperity in much of the developed world. Globalisation has meant the migration of manufacturing from developed countries to nations where labour costs are a fraction. Today manufacturing accounts for barely twenty percent of the rich countries’ economies.

Studies from the Boston Consulting Group show that increases in

productivity in the US over the last few decades were largely due to innovation. For living standards to continue to rise, rich countries have to become “knowledge economies,” and fostering innovation is crucial. At the North Atlantic Seafood Forum innovation in the biomarine industry will be the focus of a technical workshop on the second day. Here participants will look at the interface between technology and business, investigating new ideas that will improve efficiency and profitability. Bringing together companies from different and distant sectors of the industry the organisers hope to spur developments in this field by facilitating the creation of alliances and synergies.

The Marelife Innovation Workshop will discuss case studies that have first been scrutinised for their uniqueness and commercial potential says Øystein Lie from Oslo Teknolpol, who is organising the workshop. And the Research Council of Norway, the Fishery and Aquaculture Industry Research Fund, and Innovation Norway will all be represented at the event.

The conference will however not be all work. The opportunity to meet, exchange contact details, and discuss new ideas is after all a vital part of this kind of meeting. Apart from the coffee breaks and lunches, the official conference reception and cocktail will provide the ideal atmosphere to further ones business or just relax and have a drink with colleagues.

The North Atlantic Seafood Forum is co-organised by ABG Sundal Collier, Nordea Bank, and the Norwegian Seafood Export Council and is sponsored by Grimsby Food Town, Foodvest of the UK and the port of Boulogne-sur-Mer in France.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

15

The European Seafood Exposition is the largest seafood trade show in the world.

European Seafood Exposition, 28-30 April 2009, Brussels

Getting ready for seafood’s biggest event

Organiser statistics show that 70 percent of the retail sector attended the last edition of the ESE. Whether the economic crisis has an impact on this year’s event remains to be seen.

Among the many highlights the winners of the Prix d’Elite will be selected at the event.

A

s the countdown begins for the European Seafood Exposition in Brussels this year buyers are looking forward to see the which products make it to

the final stage of the Prix d’Elite competition. The rules state that the product must have been introduced on to the market within the last 18 months. Expanding or

moving from one market to another does not qualify. For many producers the ESE is the ideal launching pad for a new product.

The concentration of exhibitors

and visitors at the Parc des Expositions give a product massive visibility even if it is not a Pris d’Elite finalist. Of course, if too many exhibitors have the same idea and launch new products, there is some risk that the novelty palls for some. The financial crisis and its impact on economies round the world may, however, limit the number of new products being launched this year as companies opt to stick with the tried and tested rather than splash out on something new.

Winners of the Prix d’Elite can expect to be promoted at the awards ceremony, in show advertising for 2009 and 2010 as well as on the ESE website. Trade journals (including this one) will typically write about the winners as well.

Awards are always given for best new retail and best new food service product; in addition the jury may give awards for originality, convenience, packaging, health and nutrition, or seafood product line. Eurofish Magazine will provide a comprehensive review of the show in its August edition.

List of exhibitors at the European Seafood Exposition / Seafood Processing Europe as of 22 January 2009 Company name

Booth

3X Technology A. Espersen A/S A.C.V. B.V. Abramczyk Sp.z o.o Activ International Adepta Adriatic Sea Aquarium & Equipment Srl AFASCO Afiex Afoheat Afos Ltd Agifish Agustson A/S

4-6127 5-329 6-1001-3 6-832 5-113 4-6123 4-6243 9-4059 9-4059 4-5817 4-6313 9-4059 5-429

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute

6-1126, 6-1127

Ammon International Inc. Anduronda Angel Lopez Soto SL /Procsa Angulas Aguinaga S.A. Anova Food BV Anvifish APIA AquaChile Aquapole ARBACOMMERCE d.o.o.

Arbi Dario Spa ARCOS Argenova SA Arheh Group - Arhehpez S.A. (In Argentina)

6-1201 6-1159 6-1142 6-1163 6-1023 9-4059 P-4629 6-812 7-1404 11-2140 6-1265 4-6123 5-229

AS Paljassaare Kalatstus Athena Seafoods Atka Atlanfish Ltd Atlantic Dawn Ltd Atlantic Fare Aucxis Trading Solutions cvba AUTOTHERM Ludwig Brümmendorf GmbH & Co KG Avure Technologies Baader, Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud. Baader GmbH + Co KG Germany Bakkafrost BAMR-ROLIZ Group

5-345 P-4409 6-939 9-4259 9-4259 9-4259 8-4739

Alco-Food-Machines Gmbh & Co Kg ALFOCAN, S.A. ALIF-Associacao da Industria Alimentar Pelo Frio Alimex Seafood A/S All- fish Handelsgesellschaft mbH Almarr Seafoods Ltd Alpha Bay SA Alpha Group Alupak AG Amanda Seafoods A/S American Pride Seafoods

16 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

4-5937 5-150 7-1701 5-429 5-620 9-4043 5-615 5-241 4-5822 P-4705 6-1227

7-1501

4-6206 4-6006 4-5943 5-129 P-4412

[ events ] Company name Bangladesh Export Promotion Bureau Bantry Bay Seafoods Ltd BC Salmon Marketing Council Beaver Street Fisheries, Inc. Bertus-Dekker Seafood BV BFG Marine Inc Bianfishco Biendong Seafood Bim/Irish Sea Fisheries Board Bloomsbury International Ltd Blue Max Seafoods Co., Ltd. Blue Star Seafood Co Ltd. China BLUE-IS INC Borgarplast Bornholms A/S British Columbia Seafood British Seafood Ltd Budenheim Altesa SL Bullmeat BV Bureau Veritas

By The Water Shellfish Inc C & O Milligan NI Ltd. Cabinplant International A/s Cadovimex Caladero Scotland Ltd Caladero Seafood SL Camanchaca S.A. Camara de Comercio de Vigo Camimex Canada Pavilion CAPPMA-China Aquatic Products Processing & Marketing Association Carolina Classics Catfish Inc Cartagena Shrimp Company Caseamex Caspian Tradition SA Castletownbere Fisheries Co-op Society Ltd. Cavial Import S.r.l.

Caviar et Prestige Caviar Galilee CCI International CCPIT-SSA CDH France Central Proteinaprima PT Certified Clam Corporation CFS Champion Seafoods Ltd Charlottetown Metal Products China Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Foodstuffs, Native Produce and Animal Byproducts Cipal Sa Cite Marine CL - FISH CO., LTD Claw Island Foods Cocci Luciano Codfarmers Congalsa Connemara Seafoods Ltd Consejo Federal de Inversiones Consorzio Uniprom Copromer Transports Corema Frozen Seafoods SA

Booth 7-1853 5-609 P-4527 6-1123 6-1015-2 6-915 9-4074 9-4059 9-4259 9-4029 6-1201 9-4359 7-1408 4-6127 5-429 P-4527 9-4029 6-1160 7-1410 9-4367 P-4527 9-4259 4-5915 9-4059 7-1549 7-1549 9-4137 4-5839 9-4059 P-4413, P-4509, P-4527 11-2261 6-1123 6-1363 9-4059 6-1057 9-4259 6-1357 9-4034 9-4024 5-501, 5-509, 5-611 11-2441 4-6123 11-2161 6-1337 4-6043 9-4029 4-6148 11-2401 5-713 9-4237 9-4074 6-1227 4-6325 P-4409 6-1215 9-4259 9-4165 11-2221, 11-2321, 11-2421 4-6255 6-830

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Cornelis Vrolijk/Jaczon

9-4153 6-1063, 6-959 9-4349 6-1337 4-6036

Europrom Ltd. Eurotrade Falfish FAO - Globefish Faquimex Faroe Seafood FAS 2000 Limited Fastnet (Highlands) Limited Fastnet Fish Limited Fastnet Mussels Ltd Federation of Icelandic Trade Fimex VN Fiorital Srl First Process A/S Fischereihafen-Betriebs­ gesellschaft mbH Fiskano bv Fiskkoer BV Five Star Fish Ltd Florida Bureau of Seafood Marketing FMC Foodtech c/o Frigoscandia Equipment Focus Seafoods International Fomaco Food Machinery Company A/S Food Empire Holdings Ltd

11-2124 6-1035 9-4036 6-1305 9-4059 5-129 9-4043 9-4043 9-4043 9-4259 6-839 9-4059 5-241 4-6027 9-4050, 9-4049 6-1001 6-1001 9-4029

Gallant Ocean Group Gambastar S.L. Gelazur Geneglace GeoEye George S Forman Holland BV Gewuerzmuehle Nesse Gmbh Glass GmbH & Co. Kg Global Aquaculture Alliance Godaco Golden Seafood Company Gottfried Friedrichs Kg Gmbh & Co Grant Ice Systems Grobest Group Groupe Adrien Groupe Export Agroalimentaire Québec-Canada Grupo Tamega Guangxi Nanning Baiyang Food Co. Ltd Hai Nam Co Ltd Halieutis SA Hallvard Leroy A/s Hampidjan HF Handtmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG Handy International Hanwa Co., LTD. HANWA EUROPE BV HB Grandi Heiploeg BV Hellenic Foreign Trade Board Hevico A/S Hiep Thanh Co., Ltd Holland Shellfish bv Hoshizaki Europe Bv Hottlet Frozen Foods Nv Hung Vuong Co., Ltd IAFI Iberica de Congelados SA (IBERCONSA) Ibro Mar Bv Iceland Pelagic Iceland Seafood International Icelandair Cargo Icelandic Export Center Ltd Icelandic Group Idi Corp.

Ifremer ILPRA SPA Incomfish Industrade Infofish

5-124 7-1549 6-823 4-6142 4-5828 6-1001-4 9-4049 4-6306 9-4062 9-4074 6-839 9-4050 4-5906 9-4329 5-613

Corpei Cosmos Foods Cozy Harbor Seafood Cozzini Inc CPF (Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited) Crab Kingdom Craemer Cretel NV Croatian Chamber of Economy Crustamar Sarl Crustimex Crustimex Seafood GmbH CS France CSB-System AG Dalian Bingshan Group Import & Export Co., Ltd Dalian Donglin Seafoods Co. Ltd Dalian Free Trade Zone Lianyang Foods Co Ltd Dalian Yonming Food Co. Ltd Dandong Grand Ocean Foods Co. Ltd

Danish Display

Danish Export Group Association Darel Co Inc Dayseaday Fresh - Dayseaday Frozen Del Mar Seafoods, Inc Delanchy Transports Delimed Delta Mossel BV Delta Seafoods Denholm Seafoods

5-625 7-1859 4-6101 4-6143 6-935 5-729 6-1027 P-4400 5-345 4-5801 4-6018 6-1318 7-1402 6-828 9-4046 5-144, 5-153, 5-252, 5-353, 5-355, 5-357 4-6011, 4-6015 6-1337 6-1101-1

7-1859 4-6255 5-130 6-824 5-129 5-145 5-329, Denmark 5-429 Desietra GmbH 9-4335 Deutsche See GmbH 9-4049 Dieckmann & Hansen GmbH 9-4333 Drader Manufacturing 4-5840 6-1001, Dutch Fish Marketing Board/Ned6-1015, erlands Visbureau 6-1101 E. Olafsson Ltd 6-839 East China Seas Holdings Corp Ltd 9-4070 East Coast Seafood Inc 6-1227 Eastern Fisheries, Inc. 6-1227 Eastern Sea Co. Ltd 9-4059 EBI Food Safety 4-5948 Ecodis Sarl 6-1148 Edge Manufacturing 4-6347 Egersund Group 4-6035 Egyptian Agribusiness Association 7-1949 Eimskip 4-6138 Emballage Technologies 4-5850 Embassy of Malaysia in The 9-4039 Netherlands, Agriculture Dep, Emborg Foods A/S 5-533 Emerald Mussels Ltd. 9-4259 Engelsviken Canning Denmark A/S 5-329 Errigal Fish Company Ltd. 9-4259 Escal Sa 5-553 European Commission, Directorate-General For Maritime Affairs 7-1511 and Fisheries

Food Export USA - Northeast

Food Partners Co SA Forever Frozen Seafoods Inc. Fortune Life Enterprise Corp.

Foster Packaging Frederiksvaerk Aaleexport A/S Fresh Catch Limited Freshwater Fish Market Corporation Friedrich Wilhelm Lubbert GmbH & Co Frigo Transports Italia Frigorificos Delfin, S. A. Frinova, S.A. Fripur S.A.

6-1123 4-6161 6-830 4-6039 9-4353 6-1227, 6-1327, 6-1329, 6-1337, 6-1341 5-132 6-1201 6-1201 4-6333 5-126 5-145, 5-245, 5-352 6-830 9-4049

4-6255 6-1115 5-229 6-848 7-1416, 7-1417, 7-1428, 7-1433, 7-1436, 7-1517, 7-1533, 7-1617, FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, 7-1633, Pesca Y Alimentacion 7-1717, 7-1733, 7-1817, 7-1833, 7-1917, 7-1933, 7-2021, 7-2029, 7-2039 Frosta AG 9-4049 Frozen Foods International Ltd 5-149 11-2201, FSUE National Fish Resources 11-2301 Future Seafood (Europe) 6-1309 Gadus nv 6-957 Galana Nv 5-745 Gallagher Bros (Fish Merchants) Ltd 9-4259

Innovation Norway Innovation PEI Inter Fresh Concepts BV International Lobster & Maguro LLC Interpral-Ulysse SAS Interseafish Bv Intertrade Sigurdsson & Partner GmbH Invertec Seafood Irish Seaspray Ltd Irtech S.A. Ishida Europe Limited Island Fishermen Cooperative Association Islenska umbodssalan Isobox

P-4527 4-6255 9-4064 9-4059 6-1068 5-601 4-6127 4-6251 6-1123 9-4161 9-4161 6-839 6-915 7-1911 5-429 9-4074 5-121 4-6205 5-451 9-4059 9-4066 6-1158 6-1225 6-839 6-1153 4-6127 6-839 6-943 9-4059 4-6123 4-5811 9-4059 4-6155 7-1953 5-213, 5-313, 5-413, 5-513 P-4509 4-5842 11-2144 5-541 6-1345 6-839 5-251 9-4259 4-6123 4-5951 P-4509 6-839 4-6217

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

17

[ events ] Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Isola Fish BV

6-1001-1 11-2141, 11-2241

Marr Pelagics USA LLC Marz Seafood A/S Maschinenfabrik Seydelmann KG Maurer-Atmos GmbH McAirlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH & Co. KG Mekong Lotus Co., Ltd MEKONGFISH CO Mer des Mascareignes Mes Technologies MEST Ltd. Minh Hai Jostoco Minnan Aquatic Development Co. Ltd. Modern Pack Hoppe GmbH Morubel Morubel Deutschland GmbH Multipond Benelux Bv Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH & Co KG Musholm Lax A/S MWV Myre Fiskemottak Naajaq Seafood A/S NACTIS Nama A/S Nantong Freezing Equipment Factory Naturland Zeichen GmbH Nautilus Food SA Neptunus BV Ness & Co GmbH, Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Network Foods Co Ltd Nevid Fish Export New Brunswick Department of Fisheries New Gabriel Europa Newfoundland and Labrador Seafood Nienstedt GmbH Nils Sperre AS Niverplast NOAA Fisheries Service NOCK Fleischereimaschinen GmbH Noordzee International B.V. Nor Seafoods AS Nordic Seafood A/S Nordic Supply System AS Nordlaks Produkter AS Nordland fylkeskommune Norfish Ltd Norfolkline Ltd North American Imex Northcoast Seafoods A/S Northern Pelagic Group LLC Northern Wind Inc Northseafood Holland BV Norvelita UAB Nova Scotia Seafood Novanam Limited Nowaco A/S NTACO NTPL Seafood Tomorrow (Taiwan) Ltd O H Fiskeeksport A/s O'Cathain Iasc Teo Oceanus, Lda

9-4043 5-429 4-6057 4-6115

Ogurvik Orbital Food Machinery Orca Ltd. Orion Seafood Group Canada OSO, Organic & Wild Madagascar Shrimps Pacific Andes Pacific Seafood Group Panapesca Spa PANGA MEKONG Co., Ltd Parlevliet En Van Der Plas Bv Pescafina S.A Pescafresca S.A. Pescanova Alimentacion Pescanova Polska Sp. zo.o.

Pescanova S.A. Pescargen SA Pescaviar S.L. Pesquera El Golfo Sa Pesquera Los Fiordos Ltda.

Pesquera San Jose Sa Peter Stette AS Phuong Dong Seafood Pieters Visbedrijf NV Pisces Fish Machinery AB Pittman Seafoods Nv Platvis Holland BV Plettenberg Bay Plunges Kooperatine Prekyba Polar Quality AS Polar Salmon Polar Seafood Denmark A/S Pomona PassionFroid Preferred Freezer Services Prestfjord Seafood PRG Export

6-839 4-5830 5-129 P-4527

Samherji HF Samskip SamVit- Faroe Islands Enterprise San Cayetano Solid SA Sandoy Seafood Sapmer ScanBelt A/S Scandinavian Fishing Year Book Scanimex Seafood BV Schafer Fisheries Inc Schroeder Maschinenbau KG

Istanbul Exporter Unions ITV Export - Industria Tecnica Valenciana J. Marr (Seafoods) Limited J.P. Klausen & Co. A/S Japofish SA JFK JFK Seafood Jiangxi Hengxing Food Co. Ltd Jon Asbjornsson hf JSC Kraitene Just Champion Enterprise Co Ltd JYY Fisheries Corp Kagerer & Co. GmbH Kaj Olesen A/S Kangamiut Seafood A/S Kanzow GmbH & Co. KG Kayama Enterprises Ltd KB Finest A/S KBM Aps Kennemervis Groep Killybegs Seafoods Ltd Kinjirushi Sales Co. Ltd Kocaman Balikcilik Kometos Oy Koninklijke Prins & Dingemanse Kratzenstein & Co GMBH, Ernst Kroma A/S Krustafish Krustagroup S.A.U Krustanord Kuhne & Heitz Holland BV Kyokuyo Co. Ltd. Laitram Machinery Land Young Foods Co., Ltd Landshandilin Landwirtschaftskammer Schleswig-Holstein Larsen Danish Seafood A/S Laschinger GmbH Launis Fiskekonserves A/S Le Lien Ltd Legrand Et Malo SA Lenk Seafood Services GMBH LG Fashion Corp - Food Division Lobster Fish Nv Lofoten Pelagiske AS Lotacor, S.A. Luceo Lucky Holder Frozen Food Co., Ltd Lund's Fisheries Inc. Lutz KG Lyons Seafoods Ltd Macduff Shellfish (Scotland Ltd) Mainstream Scotland Ltd Makimpex SAS Maran Seafood A/S Marder Trawling Inc Marea Altra BV Marel Food Systems Marfrío Sa Marine Foods BV Marine Harvest ASA Marine Products Export Development Authority Marine Stewardship Council Mariner Seafood International Marky's Caviar Marr Continental A/S

4-6309 9-4043 9-4237 6-844 5-129 5-129 9-4022 6-839 P-4406 6-1201 6-1201 9-4343 4-5810 5-429 6-818 P-4527 P-4705, P-4709 4-6318 9-4143 9-4259 7-2007 6-860 4-5802 6-1101-3 5-749 4-6067 7-1659 5-629 6-859 11-2110 9-4018 4-6261 6-1201 5-129 7-1649 5-429 5-639 5-329 7-1449 6-830 9-4361 7-1606 9-4331 P-4409 7-1959 4-5846 6-1201 6-1227 4-5816 5-717 9-4017 P-4427 5-624 5-429 6-1329 6-1001 4-6223, 4-6227 6-1243 5-624 5-545 7-1601 6-853 P-4527 6-1123 9-4043

OFIMER

18 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

4-5812 9-4059 9-4059 7-2051 4-6123 4-6027 9-4059 11-2120 4-5963 6-915 6-915 4-6165 4-6051 5-737 4-5826 P-4409 5-329 7-2011 4-5806 4-6345 5-741 6-865 6-1001-5 4-5800 11-2106 5-129 P-4509 6-851 P-4509 4-5815 5-120 4-5857 6-1219 4-6351 6-1101-2 P-4522 9-4237 4-5832 P-4409 P-4409 9-4259 4-5939 6-1329 5-429 6-1327 6-1227 6-1015-1 9-4363 P-4509 5-229 5-351 9-4059 6-1201 5-329 9-4259 7-1549 5-101, 5-104, 5-201, 5-301, 5-401

6-927

6-1259 6-1123 7-1411 9-4074 9-4253 6-1143 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 7-1400 6-1361 5-621 6-1165 P-4601 4-6341 9-4059 5-445 4-6130 5-614 6-1101-4 7-1549 5-345 P-4409 5-329 5-329 6-857 4-6323 P-4409 5-129 9-4029, Primo Group S.A. 9-4036 Procesados Pesqueros SL 7-2001 Prochile 11-2211 Proconcept 4-6123 Produits De La Mer 6-1039 Produmar 7-1549 Promens Dalvik ehf.

4-6001 6-801, Promo Solution Ltd 6-815, 6-901 Prompex - Commission for Export 7-1749, Promotion 7-1849 Providence Bay Fish Company Inc 6-1343 Qingdao Yilufa Group Co. Ltd 6-1047 Quick Frozen Foods International 6-840 Magazine Quoc Viet Co., Ltd 9-4074 QVD Food Co., Ltd 9-4074 Rahbekfisk A/S 5-429 Real Friend Frozen Foods Co., Ltd 6-1201 Reflex Systems 4-5836 Regal Springs Tilapia 7-1444 Regnoli Cesare & Figlio Srl 6-1271 Reich Klima-Raeuchertechnik 4-6301 Ricardo Fuentes E Hijos Salazón 11-2131 SAU Rivamar SRL 6-866 Rooney Fish 9-4259 Royal Greenland A/S P-4627 SAIGON-MEKONG 9-4074 Sairem 4-6047 Salica Alimentos Congelados SA 9-4159 Salm Invest Group SA 9-4321 Salmones Itata 11-2150 Salmones Multiexport Ltda 5-634 SalMus AS P-4409

Booth

11-2111 4-6127 5-129 4-5957 5-129 7-2051 4-5933 6-842 P-4711 6-1329 4-6305 9-4117, 9-4129, Scottish Development International 9-4217, 9-4227 Scottish Fishermen's Organisation 5-352 Sea Fresh USA, Inc 6-1227 Sea Minh Hai 9-4059 Sea Products International Ltd 9-4029 Seacold Seafoods (Singapore) 5-718 Pte Ltd Seadco SA 6-834 Seafood Action Center A/S 9-4137 Seafood Connection bv 11-2121 Seafood International 6-1359 Seafood International Traders 5-723 Nv/sa Seafood Line A/S 5-429 Seafood Marketing International 9-4247 Plc (SEAMARK) Seafood Processor 4-6317 Seafood Union 6-839 Sealpac International bv 4-6209 Sean Ward (Fish Exports) Ltd. 9-4259 Seaprodex Vietnam 9-4059 Seatek (UK) Ltd 9-4029 Seatrade International Co., Inc. 6-1341 Seatrade Reefer Chartering NV 4-6063 Sequid GmbH 4-5838 Setraco NV 5-529 ShanDong Oriental Ocean Sci9-4030 Tech. Co. Ltd Shellfish de la Mer Ltd 9-4259 Shenzhen Hongpu Investment & 9-4022 Development Co. Ltd. Shetland Catch 5-645 Shetland Salmon Farmers As5-651, sociation 5-655 Si2A 6-1027 Siam Canadian Foods Co., Ltd 6-808 Sirena A/S 5-429 Sirena Salmon Co A/S 5-429 Skagerak Group A/S 5-329 Skaginn 4-6127 Skalo SRL 5-112 Slothouber Seafood Bv 6-863 Smurfit Kappa 4-5927 SNG (Shin nihon Global) 5-751 SOCOP Intertrade GmbH P-4412 SOF-Odden Caviar ApS 5-735 Sofrimar Ltd. 9-4259 SOGDA Limited, Inc. 7-1859 Sogelco International Inc P-4527 Sojitz Europe plc 7-1401 Solidpack B.V. 4-6111 Somegel 6-1043 Southern United States Trade 6-1123 Association - SUSTA Southvina 9-4074 Sovintex Sa 6-1053 Spon Fish AS P-4409 Stalam SpA 4-6032 Stanpol Spólka z o.o P-4416

[ ese / spe exhibitor list ] Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Company name

Booth

Stapimex Steen FPM International nv Steriflow Barriquand Stork Food Systems Sudpack Europe AG Sunwell Technologies Inc Supernova Srl Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Taiwan Frozen Seafood Industries Assn Tan Hou Ocean Development Co., Ltd. Tavil Indebe SA Team Mare S.R.L. Ternäben Service GmbH TG Seafood Thai Union Frozen Products Public Co Ltd Thailand Department Of Export Promotion Thalassa Seafoods nv The Big Prawn Company The Blue Sea Food Co. The Icelandic Aquaculture Association The Kenmare Salmon Co Ltd The Omani Centre for Investment Promotion and Export Dev The Organic Smokehouse Thermo King Tin Thinh Co., Ltd Tomex Danmark A/ S Toppfiskur ehf Torry Harris America Inc Sucursal en Espana Trade Company Russian Traditions

9-4074 4-6201 4-6123 4-6227 4-5827 4-5917 5-345 P-4402

Vinh Hoan Corp.

Vision Seafoods Ltd Visscher Seafood Bv Vitafish S.A. Volta Belting Technology Ltd W Van Der Zwan & ZN BV W. Simpson Ltd Wanchese Fish Co. Inc. Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Neubrandenburg Western Marine Corp.

9-4040 9-4029 6-1001-2 9-4365 4-5847 9-4149 9-4029 6-1123

Whitecap International Seafood Wilhelm Fessmann GmbH Wisse Kramer BV WUSATA Xports Yanagiya Machinery Co Ltd Yang Sei Seafoods Co., Ltd Yantai Moon Co. Ltd. Yantai TedFoods Co., Ltd Yen Jing International Pty Ltd Yian Ling Corporation

5-429 4-5863 4-5905 7-1859 5-345 4-5911 9-4058 4-6215 P-4408 6-1201 6-1201

Ytterstad Export AS Zeus Seafood, Inc Zhejiang Taizhou Haierbao Aquatic Products Co Ltd Zhejiang Times International Exhibition & Service Co.,Ltd Zhoushan Cereals Oils & Foodstuffs Import & Export Ziegra Eismaschinen Gmbh

P-4409 7-1549

6-1201 6-1201

4-5969 6-1201

9-4026 11-2551 6-1152 4-6265

4-5814 4-6335 9-4339 5-129 7-2045 7-1801, 7-1901 6-1138 9-4029 9-4029 6-839 9-4259 11-2341 9-4029 4-6105 9-4059 5-329 6-839 7-1406

11-2160 4-6027, 4-6127, Trade Council Of Iceland 4-6134, 4-6138, 6-839 Tradimar 4-5843 Trans-Europe Seafood Sales BV 5-703 Transports Mesguen 4-6255 Trio Fish Processing Machinery AS 4-5901 Tri-Pack Plastics 4-6031 Triton 6-839 Triton Bv Mossel Handel 6-1311 Tropical Aquaculture Europe 6-858 Tsujino & Co., Ltd. 7-1459 Ucluelet Harbour Seafoods P-4527 Ulma Packaging 4-5851 UniFish A/S 5-329 UNIMA Europe 6-1253 United Seafood 5-129 USDA - Foreign Agricultural 6-1323 Service Valka ehf 4-6027 Varlet 4-6123 VC999 - Inauen Maschinen AG 4-5923 VEMAG Maschinenbau GmbH 4-6355 Verwijs Import & Export 6-836 Vesteralen Fiskeripark P-4409 Vestlax 5-129 Vette En Verhaart Bv 6-843 Vichiunai Europe N.V. 5-345 Viciunai 5-345 Videcart SA 4-5823 Viet Ha Co., Ltd 9-4059 VIET PHU FOODS & FISH CO., LTD 9-4059 Vietnam Association of Seafood 9-4059, Exporters and Producers 9-4074 VINAFISH CORP 9-4059

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

19

italy

Fleet needs further restructuring

Increased quality, traceability, and added value should characterise Italian fish and seafood Dr Francesco Saverio Abate, General Director of the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Policies shares his views on the issues facing the Italian seafood sector.

Eurofish: How would you assess the current situation in the fisheries sector?

Dr Francesco Saverio Abate: As in other countries the Italian fisheries sector has over the last years been hit by a situation of unprecedented crisis. Low income due to lower production, lower production prices and stagnating internal demand are weakening the fish enterprises significantly; in 2007 the gross sales production was at its lowest level since 2000.

In this context the surge of world oil prices followed by rising operational costs have aggravated the situation further and compromised the profit margins in the sector. The main production and profitability indicators demonstrate the loss suffered by operators as a consequence of the rising cost of fuel.

During 2008 the increased spending on fuel had heavy repercussions on the economic situation of the sector with stronger effects on those fleet segments (especially the trawlers), which have a high fuel consumption.

Eurofish: Which are the main priority areas for the development of the sector?

Dr. Abate: The objectives, which are set for the nearest future, con-

Dr Francesco Saverio Abate, General Director of the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Policies.

centrate on improving the conservation of the resources and the environment, especially by limiting the fishing effort. The development of the sector must in fact go through rebuilding the fish stocks, and by the reduction of the fleet. Italy has committed itself to these objectives by signing international and European agreements. The Operational Programme adopted by the Italian administration for implementing the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) defines these priorities and sets out how to pursue them in a coherent way. The adjustment of the fishing capacity will in the long term ensure improved economic perform-

20 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

ance and consequently the overall development of the sector.

Eurofish: What are the priorities for marine aquaculture?

Dr. Abate: The total output of farmed fish products in Italy in 2007 was about 72 000 tonnes. In the coming years it is planned to increase the production by 15% in accordance with the National EFF Operational Programme. Turnover is expected to increase by 25% in anticipation of greater added value in production as well as quality.

Among the new valuable species in fish farming should be mentioned

white seabream, sharpsnout seabream, yellowtail amberjack and meagre. Today the production of these species is marginal, but the development in the farming of these species can be foreseen, especially for white bream and meagre.

Furthermore, looking at the diversification of production, it should be recognised that aquaculture has derived substantial economic advantage from the introduction of alien species (e.g. rainbow trout, Philippine clam, Japanese oyster) and by putting neglected species into production.

While optimising and increasing the production of national species would have a number of advantages it should be recalled that the measures set out by Council Regulation EC 708/2007 must be implemented in order to avoid alterations of the eco-system and negative biological interaction with native populations, limiting the proliferation of invasive species and the impact on natural habitats.

One of the main threats is the competition on the market, especially within the European Union and the poor competiveness of the sector due to high internal production costs. Furthermore, the main farmed products are going through a phase of maturity; trout in particular is influenced by the competition from more valuable and moderately priced aquaculture products (salmon, sea bream and sea bass).

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Eurofish: Seabass and seabream prices have fallen on the world market. Where do you see the solution for producers?

Dr. Abate: The price collapse has penalised the country’s farms heavily during the past years. Only by focusing on quality and implementing traceability systems will it be possible to reverse the trend seen in prices and consumption levels. From this point of view Italian production has an advantage thanks to the undisputed quality and reliability of its farmed fish. In addition, the industry has restructured over the last years, which has made it possible to exploit existing synergies.

Eurofish: Rainbow trout represents a significant part of the inland aquaculture production in Italy.

What potential is there for diversification in this sector?

Dr. Abate: Trout production is about 50% of total fish production in Italy. This production segment is going through a period of declining production; weak domestic and external demand, growing international competition and, more recently, competition from other farmed products are the main threats against this type of fish farming. These challenges are being met at several levels.

The objective is to focus on higher quality and traceability of the product and on higher market penetration, also on the domestic market, where consumption is still limited. The average production price is picking up again slowly (from 3.00 €/kg in 2003 to 4.20 €/ kg in 2007); this increase is due to the greater attention paid by producers to marketing strategies in order to improve consumer perception of the product and to use new marketing channels such as large scale retail distribution.

Eurofish: What are the main constraints facing the Italian inland aquaculture industry? How does the legislative framework affect the development of the sector?

Dr. Abate: For inland fish farms, besides the already mentioned issues of competition and declining price trends, the farmers are subject to tight environmental protection rules that in a way prevent inland aquaculture from becoming more widespread. The administration’s objective in line with Operational EFF Programme is to develop a “sustainable and compatible aquaculture”. The Community Water Directive (EU 2000/60) which was recently implemented by bill 152/2006 has initiated a complex process of reorganising the instruments and the policies for the protection and management of water resources, aimed at preventing the deterioration of the ecological and chemical state of all surface water bodies and to achieve the quality state “good” for surface water bodies within the next 15 years. The legal framework is therefore directing production investments in aquaculture only to projects, which receive an appropriate environmental impact assessment, which take all related risks into account.

from abroad. Tuna, whether whole or semi-processed, is the most imported species by the processing industry. Ssemi-processed anchovies are also an important raw material for the salting and processing industry for fillets in oil. As for clams the lower supply of raw material, which still originates from the country’s fish industry, has caused a restructurng of the industry.

tions requirements, excellent quality and high added value. The trade between Italy and some of the EU countries is, as always, very intense. Spain, Germany and France are the main community countries for exports of fish, molluscs and crustaceans, although, there has been a visible decline in the value of exports over the last years. Exports of canned tuna to Greece are expanding strongly.

During the last year stagnating and sometimes declining demand has influenced the sector negatively; the dependence on foreign imports for the supply of raw material (as is the case with tuna) and competition from foreign products which are more competitive have called for changes in the strategic approaches in the whole sector. As it cannot compete with foreign products that have clearly lower prices, the country’s industry is orienting itself towards more demanding market segments that focus more on quality and which require products coming with services. High product quality is a feature of the tuna industry as well as of the more traditional branches of preserved seafood (salted anchovies, fillets of anchovies in oil, preserved clams and other seafood preserves).

The main countries of origin of national imports are Spain, Denmark, the Netherlands and France. For the mostly imported fresh products Greece takes an important position with exports of fresh or refrigerated seabass and seabream. As for the most significant processed products, there has over the last two years been a steady growth of imports of canned prepared and preserved tuna (+10%) mainly from Spain and France.

Eurofish: How is the canning industry responding to competition from abroad?

Eurofish: Do you see any potential for developing export markets for Italian fish and seafood?

Dr. Abate: The seafood processing industry is not deeply integrated with the fishing industry. In fact only few species, anchovies, sardines and mackerel are the raw material of the country’s processing industry. Farmed products are more closely integrated, however they have only a marginal role and it applies only to fresh water species. In general the supply of raw material to the processing industry depends heavily on imports

Dr. Abate: Italy is a country that depends heavily on other countries to satisfy its demand for fish products; in 2007 external trade with fish products had a negative trade balance of 3.1 billion euro; the degree of self-sufficiency is 41%. In such conditions it is difficult to imagine a strong development of exports.

Only processed products and some farmed products represent an opportunity in this connection, which always have to live up to certifica

Eurofish: Do quality labels have a role in the seafood industry?

Dr. Abate: One of the aims of the Operational EFF Programme is to add value to the domestic production through the more widespread use of quality labels. The support in that direction given for developing the Producer Organisations will certainly very soon result in more labels for fish products adding to the already existing ones. The introduction of systems to certify production processes and products as well as of labelling concepts (EMAS, biological production) has already involved some leading enterprises in the country’s aquaculture sector. The administration has made a commitment to increase over the coming years investments directed at meeting the requirements related to food security, production quality and environmental sustainability of the enterprises, among others by providing incentives for the use of eco-labelling.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

21

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Interview with Luigi Giannini, Federpesca

Italian products well known in Central and Eastern Europe

The Italian capture fishery peaked in 1984 with 481,300 tonnes. Since then however it fell to 271,852 tonnes in 2002 which climbed pack to 316,841 tonnes in 2006. Since the peaks of 1984 and 1985 the overall trend has been declining. Various decommissioning schemes have reduced the fleet capacity since 1999 and in 2007 the number of vessels stood at 13,858.

The fleet is aging with 29% of the vessels between 15 and 26 years old and 45% more than twenty-six years old. Federpesca is one of the three cooperative associations that represents the fisheries and aquaculture sector in Italy. Luigi Giannini from Federpesca discussed some of the issues affecting the Italian fisheries sector with Eurofish. An excerpt from the interview.

Eurofish: How have recent economic events affected the Italian fishery sector?

Luigi Giannini: The fishing sector suffers from the large difference in market prices from the point where the fish is unloaded to the final consumer. Last year the sharp increase in fuel costs caused a major crisis in the Italian fishing fleet. In my opinion the Italian fishing sector would benfit greatly from the restructuring of that part of the fishing fleet, which is made up of older and less efficient vessels. In addition the fleet would gain from the adoption of a proper policy which would enable producers to bring their fish products straight to the consumer market, through, at the most, one broker.

Eurofish: The Italian fleet is accused by environmental groups of using banned drift nets. What is Federpesca’s position on the use of these nets and how does it discourage their use?

Giannini: Federpesca feels that the future of the fishing industry is bleak without a progressive, inclusive and shared sense of responsibility. So far, we do not agree at all and we are very disappointed about the fishing activity of some small drift-net boats. We hope that in the future scientists, administrative bodies, and governments make a better effort to demonstrate and explain to the concerned producers how their activity is damaging the environment – it is not enough to introduce restrictions based on pressure from public opinion and environmental lobbies Eurofish: How is the processing industry responding to the crisis?

Giannini: Just as in the fishing industry, the Italian processing industry is going through a severe crisis as well. Some of the older and larger processing companies have defaulted or have filed for bankruptcy. This does not however the fishermen, because the raw material is mainly imported

Luigi Giannini, Federpesca

from the Far East, South Africa and South America. The volumes and average sizes of the Italian fish products make them uninteresting for the processing sector. I really do not see many opportunities for the future of the Italian processing industry. Labour and transportation costs make the processing industry competitive only in countries which can rely on a massive fish production of hake, shrimps and cephalopods.

Eurofish: What role is the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) expected to play in the development of the industry?

Giannini: The EFF cannot modify the declining trend in the South Europe processing industry: even the reduction in investment costs, due to the EFF contribution, cannot compensate for the profitability of a processing industry which operates close to the fish production and which can rely on reduced labour costs as in Far East, South Africa and Latin America Eurofish: Do you see any potential in CEE markets for Italian fish and seafood products?

Giannini: On the side of Italian fish and seafood products, we do think there is a large opportunity on the European market – especially Central and Eastern Europe – because of the specificity and high quality of these product: clams, tuna and red shrimps are already well known and appreciated in those countries. My opinion is that good marketing could improve the penetration of such products on those markets with sure commercial results.

www.fischmagazin.de

Over 9,000 companies listed !

22 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

The Fish Business Net

Even the smallest components are built at the Movinox factory.

Customised parts that need replacement can be re-fabricated and shipped within days.

Movinox

Processing machinery for Mediterranean species

Movinox was established in the seventies on the Italian east coast in the town of Acquaviva Picena on the outskirts of San Benedetto del Tronto. The company manufactures a variety of equipment for the fish processing industry from simple trays to highly complex machines that automatically carry out a variety of tasks.

A

lthough traditionally a meat-eating country Italy has seen an increase in the per capita consumption of fish and seafood from 11.8 kg in 1961 to 25.1 kg in 2003, a growth rate of two percent per year. Production of seafood has not kept pace with the increase in consumption. It increased from 186,400 tonnes in 1960 to 481,300 tonnes in 1984 but the trend since then has been downward reaching 316,815 tonnes in 2006.

To compensate for the falling domestic production Italy has had to resort to importing ever increasing quantities of seafood, from 353,000 tonnes in 1976 to 970,100 tonnes in 2006. Aquaculture production has also increased substantially from 300 tonnes in 1950 to 180,900 tonnes in 2005.

Movinox, Vincenzo Mora decided to establish his company there, close to his customers. The company started manufacturing the relatively simple equipment that was required at the time, trays and cutting devices, that were robust yet easy to take apart and clean and most importantly were made entirely of stainless steel. This was something of a revolution at the time, but, says Mr Massimiliano Mora, we have never used anything other than stainless steel for our equipment. In those early days fish was primarily consumed fresh, and even today Italians still prefer fresh fish, but due to the constraints of a modern lifestyle with longer working hours, more people at work, and greater numbers of single people, there is less time available to purchase, prepare and finally cook seafood. As a result value-added products are becoming increasingly popular.

These could take the form of fresh skinless and boneless fillets, frozen fillets, or ready meals either fresh or frozen, where seafood is combined with other ingredients to give a complete meal.

Customised equipment

Mr Massimiliano Mora says that the company since its inception has never used anything other than stainless steel for its machinery.

Machines of stainless steel The Adriatic coast is one of the areas where the domestic fishery is concentrated. More than 70% of the fleet of some 15,000 vessels (2004) is artisanal bringing in

24 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

catches of anchovy, hake, shrimps sardines, shellfish, octopus, cuttlefish, and squid to Italian ports along the Adriatic Sea. The presence numerous fish processing companies that bought the fish to further process it was one of the reasons that the founder of

These changes in consumption patterns placed demands on the manufacturers of these products who in turn required more sophisticated and efficient equipment to cater to these new requirements. At Movinox from the first trays, skinning and filleting machines the company began designing and building machines that could bread and batter seafood, and then that could go on to cook the product and that did so with fewer and fewer people to

operate the machine. The glazing machine was another item that was used by processors who were freezing their products. By covering the product with a layer of ice the product was prtected during the freezing process. It is important that frozen seafood looks as good as the fresh version otherwise nobody will buy, it says Mr Mora. The frozen product has to look as natural as possible in fact in Italy frozen fish is often marketed packaged in tranparent cellophane or in cardboard cartons with a cellophane window that allows customers to ascertain for themselves the quality of the purchased product. The machines produced by Movinox are built to process the species found in the Mediterranean, including cephalopods such as octopus, squid, and cuttlefish and finfish like sea bream, sea bass and trout.

Our speciality is customisation, says Mr Mora. Each machine we build is different because each customer has different requirements. In order to fulfill the the customers specifications we will go to the factory and observe the operation, see how it is done, how it could be improved and then calculate whether a machine is needed at all. This is a service that the company provides to a customer.

The data from a company’s processing operation is first collected and analysed to study the feasibility of the project in the first place.

This process will take into account the shape of the final product, the volumes that are processed, the type of processing technique, and a number of other parameters. Following this the company will draw up the specifications, describe the operations, make preliminary drawings, and explain the features of the machine. All equipment is built in accordance with the principles of hygiene, and safety, and in conformity with the currently

valid legislation. The parts of the machine that come in contact with the raw material are easy to clean and to dis-assemble if necessary.

Wherever plastic is used that is in contact with the raw material or the final product it is food grade.

Movinox has its own technical and design departments that convert the data from a plant into technical plans and drawings. Virtually all the parts of the machine are made in house in the company’s own factory. Only the stainless steel is bought from outside.

Comprehensive service Apart from building the machines that company also offers a comprehensive service arrangement that covers all spare parts. Each of the components that is manufactured for a machine is given a number and spare parts for all the components are kept in stock ready to be shipped whenever necessary. If the machine is not a standard piece of equipment then the company can go back to the customer’s file and retrieve the drawings, find the number of the component that needs to be replaced, pull up a drawing of the component, manufacture it and ship it to the customer.

Many of the company’s clients are small and medium-sized companies in the fish processing sector, but it also has some big foodstuff manufacturers among its customers. For one of them the company

designed and built a complete line for the manufacture of frozen ready meals. This line would pick up, cook, and assemble and a pasta dish that combined pasta with a sauce, fish, spices, and seasoning and then package and freeze it.

Apart from fish processing equipment Movinox also makes machinery to process vegetables.

Interest in Asian market Until recently Movinx concentrated on selling its machines on the Italian market as that was where there was demand, however says Mr Mora, our machines are built so robustly that they last a long time and customers do not see any need to change them. More importantly the company has realised that in many other parts of the world there is an increasing demand for machines that can make companies work faster and more efficiently. In some of these countries such as in the Middle East and Asia the demand is not for the latest and most high-tech equipment that the company is producing for its home market, but rather for machines that the company used to build ten years ago. The knowledge and experience that the company built up all those years ago will now come in handy in other countries. As part of this strategy the company exhibited at the Dubai Seafood show last year and is also interested in Vietnam and India in Asia.

Movinox Company Fact File Movinox SRL Via A Gramsci 10 I 63030 Acquaviva Picena Italy Tel.: +39 07 35764522 Fax: +39 07 35764405 info@movinox.it www.movinox.it

Owner: Mr Vincenzo Mora CEO: Mr MassimilianoMora Products: Gutting, skinning, curling, glazing and other machines for the seafood and vegetable processing industries Markets: Italy, Latin America, Asia Employees: 41 Turnover: EUR5m

The class of smoking and cooking.

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l Universal systems ( NESS-UNIGAR ) for hot smoking, hot-air cooking, baking, roasting, cooking, drying and defrosting l Climatic cold smoke systems l Climatic maturing systems l Climatic storage rooms l Intensive cooling systems l Friction smoke generators l Sawdust smoke generator l Cooking kettles ( NESS-GARANT ) l Microprocessor controls for all systems l Complete turn key plants l Process control systems l Clean-steam generators l Condensation smoking process l Complete fish processing lines l NESS Circo-Dry-System® for drying of fish ( protected by European patent 1321042 )

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Within six hours of being harvested the fish is placed on ice in boxes and is ready for despatch.

Coopam farms 12% of the bass and bream in Italy

High quality products for discerning customers The consumption of fish and seafood in Italy more than doubled between 1961 when it was 11.8 kg per capita and 2003 when it grew to 25.1 kg per capita. Over roughly the same period capture fisheries touched a high of 481,300 tonnes in 1984 but have fallen significantly since then to 298,400 tonnes in 2005. The decline in capture production is compensated by imports and by aquaculture production which increased from 300 tonnes in 1950 to 180,900 tonnes in 2005.

F

ish farming in Italy can be classified into extensive, semi-intensive, or intensive, and the fish cultured include freshwater, euryhaline (tolerant of a wide range of salinities) species, and mussels. Ponds and raceways are used for the culture of freshwater fish, while sea cages are used in the south of the country and on the islands, the Adriatic coast has the greatest concentration of mussel and clam farms with intensive cultivation practices using long lines as well as extensive cultivation in lagoons.

In the north east the traditional practice of vallicoltura where fish are grown in the lagoons is flourishing.

Orbetello – a sign of quality Orbetello is a town on the west

26 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

coast of Italy in the province of Tuscany. Orbetello is also the name of the local lagoon which is used for the production of fish.

Aquaculture production in Italy in 1,000 USD 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Japanese carpet shell 126697 125704 130088 106215 258574 265872 Rainbow trout 115500 65810 128957 79297 83749 93593 European seabass 52674 40392 70587 55714 59365 70355 Mediterranean mussel 49518 56705 73528 42889 91874 64958 Gilthead seabream 37747 25145 59049 43167 49267 50068 Grooved carpet shell 16692 25136 European eel 13839 10045 13150 13758 11648 8893 Atlantic bluefin tuna 1300 6760 4680 9100 9799 8478 Sturgeons nei 3838 7937 6222 8827 8886 7527 Meagre 865 8454 1564 1482 Other 15505 4532 37839 7094 6931 5980 Total 416618 343895 524099 374515 598351 602343 Source: FAO

Among the producers is Coopam (Cooperativa Produttori Acquacoltori Maremmani) an association of privately owned fish farms that together with their partners have a production of approximately 2,000 tonnes of finfish.

Coopam’s role is to promote and trade exclusively fish farmed by associated and partner companies. In 2008 production comprised sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) 63%, sea bream (Sparus aurata) 29%, meagre (Argyrosomus regius) 8%, and fillets 1.26%.

According to Christian Guidi the cooperative produces about 12% of the seabass and sea bream that is farmed in Italy. Farming in Orbetello has a tradition that dates back to the Romans thanks to the nourishing water of the lagoon with its moderate temperature and salt content. Modern fish farming developed along the coast in the seventies and today production from Coopam has developed a reputation among its customers for reliability and quality. The cooperative, which was established in 1998, has always focused strictly on quality. In 1999 Coopam and its associated and partner farms adopted a protocol for the production and marketing of fish identified as Italian Fish from Orbetello, with the aim of guaranteeing quality standards through specific process and product analysis. In 2007 Coopam adopted a quality label “Orbetello,” that indicates the product conforms to certain minimum requirements.

Quality is ingrained into the entire production process from the hatchery to the harvest. At the hatchery broodstock are held

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in special ponds where they are fed naturally and encourage to spawn by manipulating temperature and light. The eggs are collected and hatched and the larvae moved to a nursery where they start on a diet of zooplankon before they are weaned on to dry feed. During the process Coopam production managers vist the hatchery on a regular basis to ensure that the strict sanitary procedures are being followed and that the facilities conform to hygienic requirements. Once the juveniles reach between 2 and 10 g they are moved to the nursery ponds and at 40 to 70 g they are transferred to ongrowing cages.

Each batch of juveniles is accompanied by a sanitary certificate and documentation showing that the fish have been vaccinated against diseases.

Feed and water scrutinised minutely All the parameters involved in the production are checked for quality including the feed and the water. Feed is certified GMO free and is only obtained from wellknown and reliable suppliers who can document the ingredients and their proportions in the feed and have proper quality control procedure in place. The feed may contain mainly fish meal, fishoil, corn meal and soy. To make quite sure that this is the case Coopam goes a step further and has the feed tested each month at certified laboratories to be quite satisfied that there are no GMO products, animal meal, or PCBâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s in the feed. Every three months the feed companies provide their reports on tests carried out on the raw materials.

Water quality is also of paramount importance for the welfare of the fish and ultimately the quality of the final product. Under inten-

The Coopam cooperative comprises a number of member farms and associates.

sive conditions any untoward fluctuations in water quality can have an immediate impact on the fish. To avoid this situation arising several parameters including oxygen content, suspended solids, temperature and salinity, are monitored on a daily basis by the production managers with the help of approved laboratories. Water quality in general is very good as it comes from deep underground at a constant salinity and temperature and the sites are located far away from any potential sources of industrial pollution. If additional aeration is needed this is provided either by mechnical means or by piping air into the water.

Six hours from harvest to despatch Once the fish has grown to to the desired size they are removed from the ponds and despatched to the customer within six hours of being harvested. In 2008 we delivered several kinds of products to our retail customers within 24 hours of receiving the order, says Mr Guidi.

These included chilled whole seabass up to 2 kg in size, seabream, meagre up to 6 kg, chilled seabass and meagre fillets, and sliced meagre. Over the last 10 years Coopam has invested significantly in the ability to customise the products in accordance with the clients needs. In its facilities fish can be

Coopam Company Fact File COO.P.A.M. (Cooperativa Produttori Acquacoltori Maremmani) Soc. Cooperative SS1 Aurelia Km 135 Loc. La Torba 58011 Capalbio (Gr) Italy Tel. +39 0564 893142 Fax +39 0564 893158 coopam@coopam.it www.coopam.it Chairman: Mr Christian Guidi Characterization: Coopam is an association of privately owned

fish farms including Cosa srl, Il Vigneto srl, Ittima srl Production: 2,000 tonnes Species: Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), sea bream (Sparus aurata), meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Products: Fresh fish, scaled, gutted, sliced, filleted fish Packaging: In polystyrene boxes on ice, modified atmosphere packages Markets: Italy Number of employees: 70 Processing plants: 4 Turnover: EUR11m

scaled, gutted, sliced, filleted and the high quality of the product can be extended several days by packaging in modified atmosphere. So far Coopam has only supplied the domestic Italian market where its products account for 2% of the total supply, but Mr Guidi is now looking at markets abroad as well. The cooperative sells directly or through distributors to all the domestic large-scale retailers. Associated farms sell also directly to traditional wholesalers operating in the southern-central area of Italy. In 2005

Application for PGI status pending In 2005 the cooperative started the certification procedure of PGI (Protection of Geographical Indication); this on-going process involves local administrations, associated and partner fish farms, as well as other local fisheries and aquaculture companies. If the status is achieved other farms operating elsewhere will not be able to capitalise on the name Orbetello.

Demand for aquaculture products is continung to grow and the associated fish farms are making investments to increase production by optimizing operational strategies. There are plans to increase production both by enlarging existing offshore fish farms and creating new ones in nearby areas.

Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

27

Estonia Salted or dried fish, fish preserves, smoked fish, and ready-to-eat foodstuffs are some of the products manufactured by the domestic processing industry.

Fisheries and fish processing in Estonia

Convenience products are on the rise

total Estonian catch by volume they are worth proportionately more than the Baltic Sea and inland water catches.

In 2007 the Estonian fishing fleet comprised sixty-eight vessels fishing on the Baltic Sea, six fishing on the high seas, as well as 386 boats for inland fishing and 879 coastal fishing vessels. The coastal fishing zone extends up to 12 nautical miles off the coast or up to the 20 m isobath and the average age of the vessels fishing this zone is seventeen years old. tic ocean where it targets high value species such as shrimp, redfish, Greenland halibut, ray, and

roundnose grenadier. Although the catches from deepsea fishing amount to only 15 percent of the

Import and exports value

of Fishery Products in Estonia 2004-2007 in € 80.000.000

60.000.000

40.000.000

Source: Statistics Estonia

T

he Baltic Sea is the primary fishing ground for the Estonian fleets. Both offshore vessels using trawls, and coastal vessels using traps, nets and longlines, fish in the Baltic Sea. The offshore fleet targets cod, bristling, and Baltic herring while the coastal fleet targets Baltic herring, perch, rainbow smelt and flounder among other species. In 2007 catches of Baltic herring amounted to 75 percent of the coastal fleet harvest while bristling dominated the offshore fleet catches with over 70 percent.

20.000.000

The deep sea fishing fleet with six vessels is active in the Atlan28 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

0 2004

2005 Import Value

2006 Export Value

2007 Balance €

Stocks in international waters to which Estonia has access such as the north-east Atlantic, and the north-west Atlantic are assessed by international fisheries organisations such as ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Seas). These assessments have become increasingly gloomy over the years as the stock position has deteriorated and as a result the quota allocated to Estonia has been reduced particularly in the north-east Atlantic where Estonian quotas for redfish, roundnose grenadier, dogfish, and blue ling have been cut back between 2005 and 2008 while in the north-west Atlantic quotas of Greenland halibut have been

estonia

Countries of origin

Countries of destination

of Estonian seafood imports (value) in 2007 3% Spain

17% Finland

2% Lithuania 4% Latvia 3% France

5% United States of America

19% Russian Federation

6% Sweden

6% Norway

13% Denmark

10% Canada 12% Lithuania 11% Latvia

10% Sweden

6% Germany 8% Switzerland

Source: Statistics Estonia

10% Russian Federation

18% Ukraine 9% Netherlands 10% Denmark

15% Finland

reduced. On the other hand Estonia’s mackerel quotas in the north-east Atlantic and shrimp quotas in the north-west Atlantic have both increased.

compared with the year before.

The offshore fishery in the Baltic Sea is regulated by quotas while the coastal and inland fisheries are regulated by gear. The Ministry of Environment is responsible for the fishing restrictions.

In 2008 Estonian quotas in the Baltic Sea for Baltic herring increased slightly over the previous year for the fourth year in a row, but have still not reached the 2002 level. There was no change in the bristling quota compared with 2007, while both the cod and salmon quotas in 2008 declined

2006 Export Value

Picture: Vello Laanemaa, laanemaa@kunstnik.ee

Some Baltic Sea quotas increase, others decline in 2008

The Baltic Sea is the primary fishing ground for the Estonian fleets.

The inland water fishery takes place mainly on Lake Peipsi (including Lakes Lämmi and Pihkva) and Lake Võrtsjärv. The fishery is the smallest of all the fisheries in terms of volumes, but yields are important because of the high value the fish command.

The main species are pike-perch, bream, perch, pike, eel, roach and lamprey. A variety of gear is

2007 Balance €

80.000.000

60.000.000

40.000.000

20.000.000

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

29

Source: Statistics Estonia

3% Netherlands

of Estonian seafood exports (value) in 2007

estonia

Fish consumption by type in Estonia in 2006 Structure of Estonian food industry in 2007 7% Fish and fish products

11% Salted fish 2% Fish fillets 3% Gourmet fish

2% Prepared animal feeds

15% Bakery products

8% Others

7% Smoked fish

5% Fish fingers 3% Crab fingers 2% Others

used to catch the fish including nets, traps, pound nets and demersal seines.

Trade, processing, and consumer trends Estonia’s external trade in fish and seafood comprises imports of fillets and chilled fish and exports of fillets. Estonia still has a

positive trade balance in fisheries but this has been seriously eroded over the past years with a decline in the value of exports and an increase in that of imports. Fish and seafood is also the most important food item to be exported from Estonia althought the sector itself is dwarfed by the dairy, beverages, and meat branches of the food industry

18% Meat and meat products

29% Dairy products

Source: Statistics Estonia

Source: Statistics Estonia

59% Fresh, chilled and frozen seafood

8% Canned fish

21% Beverages

Imports In 2007 Estonia imported fish products for an estimated value of more than EUR68 million. Finland (17%), Denmark (13%), Lithuania (12%), Latvia (11%) and Sweden (10%) were the main suppliers to Estonia in terms of value. Norway and Russia, the two key suppliers in terms of volume, provide

mainly chilled fish and fish fillets. The Netherlands and Sweden ship frozen fish while Lithuania and Latvia are the most important canned fish suppliers.

Exports In 2007 Estonia exported fishery products for EUR63 million.

In terms of export value, Russia

80.000.000

60.000.000

40.000.000

20.000.000

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0 2004 80.000.000

60.000.000

40.000.000 30 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009 20.000.000

2005 Import Value

2006 Export Value

2007 Balance €

ranks first with almost 20% of the total export value, followed

by Ukraine 18%, Finland 15% and Denmark 10%. The majority of Estonian seafood processing businesses have 60-90% of their output directed to export markets, meaning that a significant part of imported seafood is processed in Estonia and then re-exported, mainly to Russia and the Ukraine.

The fish trade is one of the few sectors of the economy with a positive foreign trade balance and fish until a couple of years ago had the largest share of food exports.

Net trade balance The net trade balance for fishery products in 2007 for Estonia is more than 5 million euros. However, the positive balance in terms

Smooth as a mirror ...

Straight output ready for inspection Minimal gaping on softer fish

Estonia's deep-sea catch quotas Unit NAFO Redfish Squid (Illex) Greenland halibut Rajiformes Shrimp (in zone 3L) NEAFC Redfish Mackerel Roundnose grenadier Black scabbard Dogfish Blue ling Greenland halibut

2005

2006

2007

2008

tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes

1571 128 380 546 144

1571 128 371 546 245

1571 128 321 546 245

1571 128 321 546 278

tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes tonnes

344 115 77 17 10 10 -

284 119 77 17 10 5 8

210 135 67 17 4 4 6

210 124 67 17 2 3 6

Source: European Commission

Fishing from the Baltic Sea in 2007 Species Per ch Eel Pike Goldfish Brisling Pike-perch Bream Flounder Burbot Salmon Sea trout Common whitefish Rainbow smelt Silver bream Baltic herring Roach Ide Codfish Garfish Baltic vimba Other Total

Coastal fishing 776.8 6.1 13.7 56.6 0.1 315.9 3.1 5.5 17.1 30.8 480.90 38.8 6464.6 62.9 9.2 0.8 109.5 35.3 108.2 8558.4

Deep-sea fishing 51007.1 19 0.3 68.6 19643.5 945 2.2 71685.7

Total 776.8 6.1 13.7 56.6 51007.2 334.9 3.1 5.8 17.1 30.8 549.5 38.8 26108.1 62.9 9.2 945.8 109.5 35.3 110.4 80242.3

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estonia

of value has decreased drastically over the last 4 years because imports have been increasing more than exports, and particularly because exports registered a sharp decline in 2007. Frozen fish is the main commodity in terms of volume both for imports and exports in 2006. However in terms of value, fish fillets are the main commodity accounting for more than 25% of the total import value and 32% of the total export value.

As seen from the tables the final figures from 2006 according to Statistic Estonia and the Custom Office of Estonia do not match. One possible explanation is that the amount of fish traded with Finland is not usually registered by the Estonian Customs Office, since several Estonian fish processors are EstonianFinnish joint ventures and the raw material of Finnish origin (rainbow fish, Baltic herring) is sometimes considered as ‘domestic’ fish.

Fish processing The food industry is one of the most important branches of Estonia’s industry amounting to 16.7% of the manufacturing industry in

European markets, while other products are exported to western markets. Ready-to-eat products are supplied to both the eastern and western markets and a large proportion of the product range is also present on the domestic market.

A fresh fish counter at a Maxima supermarket in Tallinn. Consumption of fish and seafood has fallen substantially since 1995 due to an increase in prices and changes in the range of products.

Estonia. Sales of food products and beverages in 2007 reached 1,077 million euros. The biggest branches in Estonian food industry are dairy, beverages and meat industry with the dairy industry forming 29% of the total food industry in 2007, followed by the beverage industry with 21% and meat industry with 18%. Fish and fish products represent only 7.2% of the total food production.

Estonia has a substantial fish processing industry, mostly based near the Baltic fisheries operations.

Freezing, producing salted/dried fish, fish preserves and ready-toeat foodstuffs are the main activities of the fish processing companies. The primary raw material for the Estonian fish processing industry is local Baltic Sea fish species such as Baltic herring and sprat. The filleting activity is based on freshwater species perch and pike-perch. Value-added tertiary products are mainly produced from imported raw material.

Canned fish continues to be marketed to the Eastern and Central

Fishing from Estonian inland waters in 2007 Species Perch Eel Pike Ruffe Pike-perch Crucian carp Bream Tench Burbot Silver bream Houting Lamprey Ide Roach Other Total

Lake Peipus / Lämmijärv 345.3 0 113.3 15.8 899.6 0 395.6 0.6 33.5 0 2 0.6 202.4 0.9 2009.6

Lake Võrtsjärv 17.1 21.4 57 129.1 28.2 0.8 105.2 0.4 3.8 1.1

0 43.2 407.3

Narva River and Reservoir 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.3 5.1 3.3 0 0.1 49.5 0.3 3.5 0 63.9

Emajõgi River 0.2 0 1.1 0.5 0 34.7 0.4 0

0.3 3.1 0.2 40.5

Other inland waters 2.1 2.6 3.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 4.9 2.6 0 0.1 0.2 12.5 0.2 15.9 0.5 46.5

Total inland waters 365.3 24 176.1 145.3 928.9 1.5 545.5 7.3 37.3 1.3 2.2 62 1.4 268.1 1.6 2567.8

Source: Ministry of Agriculture

32 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

Fish processing production (excluding canned fish) in Estonia has decreased by 16% over the last 8 years, which is a contributing factor to the declining share of fish processing within the Estonian processing and food industry.

In 2006, 2,256 people were employed in the fish processing industry. The sector is characterized by seasonal employment, high level of staff turnover, difficult working conditions coupled with low wages, and ageing staff.

Market for aquaculture products The Estonian aquaculture production is sold mainly from the fish farms to local consumers, put-and-take fishery operations and supermarkets. According to sector representatives up to a third of the trout production is sold to angling companies for recreational purposes.

The supermarket chains are the main channel for live or fresh fish.

However due to the seasonality of production, the limited species mix and the low volumes of Estonian aquaculture, imports from Norway, Denmark and Finland, and more recently even Chile, dominate the market.

Exports of Estonian aquaculture products are scarce. They are mostly made up of eel, with the majority of the production (40 tonnes) exported to the Netherlands; in addition some crayfish is exported to Finland and large trout to Russia and Latvia.

estonia

Consumer trends According to the study “Eating habits and buying preferences of residents”, conducted by the Estonian Institute of Economic Research, Estonian consumers (73%) prefer domestic food products.

The study shows that the consumers would like to find information on the packaging about the raw material, country of origin and the producer. Consumers also rated freshness (96%), taste (93%) and quality (92%) as very important product attributes together with price and the use of ingredients.

According to the study 76% of Estonian consumers changed their buying habits in 2007 due to the rise in the prices of food products.

Fish consumption in Estonia has varied greatly over the past decades. From consumption levels of around 23 kg per capita in 1995 it decreased to around 16 kg in 1998 and has been estimated at around 14 kg per capita in 2005. Consumption of fish products in Estonia has therefore been decreasing from close to the EU average of almost 24 kg per capita and can now be considered rather modest for a coastal country.

Increasing demand for convenience products The reasons for the decreased consumption are the rise in the price of fish and the change in the fish product range. Cheaper species (sprat, Baltic herring) are increasingly being replaced by the more expensive salmon or trout. Fresh, chilled, and frozen fish form the bulk of fish consumed in Estonia as well as salted, canned, and smoked fish. Baltic herring is considered to be the ‘national fish’ and it is included in several traditional Estonian meals. Other popular species include Atlantic herring, Baltic sprat, salmon, rainbow trout, cod, eel, redfish and pike.

Consumer surveys by the Estonian Institute of Economic Research have shown that more than one half (57%) of Estonia’s inhabitants eat fish and fishery products at least once a week, and nearly one-fourth (26%) eat fishery products at least once every

two weeks. Only 1% of Estonia’s inhabitants do not eat any fish or fishery products. Inhabitants of larger cities, wealthier and older people eat fish more frequently than others. Current consumer demand is increasingly turning to processed value-added products.

Opportunities exist for new market products, the best prospects being in fish and seafood and convenience foods, and products of well-known brands offered in supermarkets.

Sebastian Rodriguez, Eurofish

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33

Trout can be cultivated in flow-through-ponds or using re-circulation systems.

large rainbow trout. Trout is reared in flow-through-ponds on river or spring water or using recirculation system with the latest equipment.

The aquaculture sector in Estonia

Rainbow trout and carp dominate production

Fish farming in Estonia originates from the Central European tradition of pond fish culture. Common carp and rainbow trout were introduced to the country at the end of the nineteenth century.

A

quaculture is distributed throughout the country thanks to the widespread availability of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and ponds.

Some 10 fish farms raise rainbow trout (around 600 tonnes), 5 fish farms raise common carp (around 27 tonnes), 3 fish farms produce crayfish (a few hundred kilos) and just one fish farm produces eel (around 45 tonnes). In 2006, the total number of aquaculture companies was 26. In addition to producers of commercial fish, 58 Estonian enterprises are engaged in fish farming as stated in the commercial register. These include owners of small ponds and recreational fishing tourism undertakings.

The main activities of aquaculture in Estonia are commercial fish farming, fish farming for restocking in natural waters and crayfish farming.

Closure of power plant fish production facilities limits volumes In Estonia, water temperature is a limiting factor for fish farming.

During the Soviet period heated effluent waters of electric power plants were successfully used to prolong the growth period. At the beginning of the 1990s the proportion of carp produced in heated waters reached 85 percent of total production. The collapse of the socialist system caused decline in fish farming production, mainly because the large production units utilizing heated waters from electric power stations were gradually closed down.

Aquaculture production has decreased from a peak production of almost 1,300 tonnes in 1989 to 783 tonnes produced in 2007. Production quantities have also decreased

34 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

as a result of the land and ownership reform, low investment level in the first years after regaining independence and, as mentioned, the closure of the production facilities linked to electric power stations. In 2007 production failed to meet domestic demand, as the need for domestic consumption and processing of salmonids exceeded 2,000 tonnes. In 2006, the aquaculture production value was approximately EUR 2.6 million.

Main species rainbow trout and carp Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the main farmed fish in Estonia. Most of the farms are adapted for production of both restocking and table fish. Hatcheries and rearing units are situated mostly in the northern part of Estonia and use spring and/or river water. Trout farms produce mainly

Rainbow trout eggs or juveniles are imported from Finland, Denmark, Sweden or the Russian Federation.

There are no local broodstocks or breeding programmes. When buying the fertilized eggs or fry, the fish farmers are looking for late maturing female fish, which either are not mature at weight 2–3 kg or have not developed eggs at this size. Thus, Estonian farmers mostly import all-female trout stocks selected for their late maturation characteristics.

The extensive carp (Cyprinus carpio) farming takes place in earthen ponds. Pellets and cereals are used for supplementary feeding. The climate of Estonia is somewhat hard for carp culture and farms are located mostly in the southern region of the country. The young stages are produced in a single farm – Ilmatsalu, providing larvae or older stocking carp for other farms for further raising. The total reported production was almost 80 tonnes in 2006 and only 27 tonnes in 2007. The table-size carp produced in ponds is typically 3 years old and weighs 0.5–1 kg. Carp is marketed mostly in Estonia and is not processed. Carp farming in most cases is less profitable than trout farming.

New species: eel and crayfish Glass eels (Anguilla anguilla)were regularly stocked into the Estonian lakes during the Soviet period.

Since then, and after the catches declined as the stocking almost ceased, there were no fishing al-

estonia

ternatives for the fishermen. Eel is cultivated by one company (AS Triton) using a recirculation system The company has built up two facilities - one for glass eels and another for market size eels - these together produce 80 tonnes of fish per annum. All sales are currently going through an Estonian export company to the Netherlands, where the eels are smoked and marketed. Eel production has increased 3 times in the last 5 years.

Crayfish (Astacus astacus) is the only freshwater decapods species in Estonia. According to data from 1993-2006 the noble crayfish is present in 256 lakes or streams.

The best crayfish region is the island Saaremaa, in which two crayfish farms are located. The third and largest crayfish farm is located close to Kaarepere in eastern Estonia. Utilization of crayfish is a long-standing Swedish tradition, and the market perspective for this species is good.

Aquaculture production

restocking, releasing 30,000 trout juveniles per year.

in Estonia in tonnes (2000-2007) Perch European eel Pike Grey trout Crayfish Carp Crucian carp Tench Rainbow trout Other fish Total

2000 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 313 0 360

2001 0 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.3 51.7 0.3 0.9 411.8 0 466.6

2002 0 12.5 0.5 0 2.6 52.6 0.4 0.8 286.7 0 356.1

2003 0 15 0.7 0 1 51 0.1 0.7 304.1 0 372.6

2004 0 7 0.8 0 0.2 47.4 0.6 0.6 394.3 0 450.9

2005 0 39.8 0.6 0 2.3 43.9 0.7 0.8 451 15 554.1

2006 0.3 40 0.7 0 0.8 79.7 1.1 0.8 520.2 59 702.6

2007 0.7 45 0.3 0 9.4 27.6 0.6 0.6 618 75.1 783.6

Source: Statistical Office of Estonia 2008

perch (Stizostedion lucioperca), perch (Perca fluviatilis), tench (Tinca tinca) and sturgeon offer a completely new outlook since 2001. These species are also reared as a complement to other species using polyculture techniques.

However new approaches are testing some of these species as monocultures in small pilot plants.

Other minor new species

Fish farming for restocking

Commercial farming of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus), pike-

The only state owned fish farm in Estonia is PĂľlula Fish Rearing Center, which is situated in North-

ern Estonia, near Rakvere and was built during 1995-1998. Its main task is production of salmon juveniles (200,000 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 300,000 per year) for stocking in the rivers, flowing into the Gulf of Finland. Salmon is an endangered and rare species in Estonia due to loss of spawning sites after dam construction on the rivers and also overfishing. In 2006 21,000 salmon juveniles were released in the Estonian mainland and 9,000 two-year old smolts on the island of Saaremaa.  OU Ongu Noorkalaskasvandus fish farm is a state financed hatchery for production of sea trout juveniles for

Fishing tourism Fishing tourism is based on rainbow trout and carp. About twenty­ five registered fishing tourism farms provide pond angling facilities. The demand for put and take fishery is nowadays strong, as natural water bodies have lost a lot of their fish resources due to over fishing and pollution.

There are three types of recreational fishing facilities in Estonia at present. Those exclusively engaged in recreational fishing tourism. They consist mainly of ponds dedicated to rainbow trout fishing and are usually located in accessible areas; Former Soviet fish farms, which engage in both fishing tourism and breeding of juveniles for sale to other recreational farms; Recreational fishing tourism farms, which also provide accommodation services, and grilling or smoking of fish caught on the spot. The number of such farms is larger in southern Estonia, where fishing tourism farms are located in areas of scenic beauty.

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35

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Fisheries research in Estonia

Popularising sprats and herring from the Baltic

Estoniaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s coastline is more than a thousand kilometers long and fishing is an important activity. Estonian fishermen fish for pelagic species along the coast in the Baltic Sea. Some fish species, like Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) and Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus balticus) are traditionally targeted species, but they are still underutilized as human food.

B

altic sprat and Baltic herring have been used mostly in low priced fish products (canned fish in sauces and marinades) that were consumed widely during the Soviet period. Salted or smoked specialties made from those species are popular in the Baltic region, but are not well known to the rest of the world. Research in fishing, fish technology, and fish quality has been concentrated on the more expensive, bigger fish species e.g. cod, salmon, and trout etc, neglecting the smaller sized species. The Competence Center for Food and Fermentation Technology (CCFFT) together with the Estonian Agricultural Ministries Fisheries Department is filling the void in fish research and has started a feasibility study on Baltic herring and Baltic sprat.

Research aim and main emphasis of study The seas and oceans of the world have been continuously over fished and many popular fish species stocks e.g. cod and haddock are running out. Previously underused, not overexploited and rapidly growing fish species are becoming more attractive to environmentally conscious consumers and fish product manufacturers. Baltic herring and

The Competence Center of Food and Fermentation Technology develops and applies modern scientific methods to improve food quality, functionality, and shelf life.

Baltic sprat are species that have great potential, but the variation in their composition, inconsistent quality and, technological properties need to be promoted to a wider audience. Baltic herring and Baltic sprat are fatty fish and the fat content is dependent upon the catching season. Lipids of marine origin are a special interest to human nutrition as they contain essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the Baltic herring and Baltic sprat project the emphasis is on fish biology related nutritional composition; technological solutions for utilization of small fish species for production of high quality food; the development of new fish products; and feasibility studies of herring and sprat products.

36 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

Research methods and cooperation The Baltic herring and Baltic sprat study has been initiated as a cooperation project between CCFFT, Estonian Marine Institute, the Fisheries Department at the Estonian Agricultural Ministry and Estonian fish manufacturers. Different partners have been engaged to use the most advanced analytical methods and up to date data for maximizing the outcomes of the research project. CCFFT and the Estonian Marine Institute are studying the composition, quality and biological parameters of Baltic herring and Baltic sprat and will suggest nethods to develop and optimize technologies to better utilize the catch. Data analysis

on the subject of fish catching and quality of raw material will be obtained from the Estonian Agricultural Ministry and from fish product manufacturers. State of the art of technologies used for small fish species will be critically analyzed.

Competence Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies The Competence Center of Food and Fermentation Technology was founded on 12 July 2004 by Tallinn University of Technology and six partner companies.

CCFFT develops and applies modern scientific methods to improve food quality, functionality, and shelf life, taking into account detailed molecular/physiological properties of raw materials, additives, starters etc. During the first four-year period CCFFT has created a modern laboratory and a pilot processing infrastructure which is to be applied to research and development in food and fermentation processes. CCFFT research projects are co-funded

by Enterprise Estonia, the EU and by customer partners. This gives clients from Estonia and abroad a unique opportunity to do exhaustive research and development studies with distributed costs.

Areas of R&D, synergy between food and fermentation research CCFFT offers extensive knowledge both in food and in fermentation science. The laboratory base of the CCFFT is state-of-the-art for carrying out research in food and fermentation technology. The computer controlled systems of the institute allow enable even the most complex cultivation procedures, gastro-intestinal tract simulations, spray drying, ice cream making etc as well as physical and

One of the projects being pursued at the Competence Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies in Estonia seeks to improve the utilisation of Baltic herring and sprat by charting and promoting the nutritional composition of the fish.

chemical analysis of food and bio products. Methods and knowhow from food and fermentation science create a synergy and a flow of ideas for solving complex problems arising in different research projects.

Research results and outcomes The research project on Baltic herring and Baltic sprat has several important outcomes. Perhaps the most important of them is charting and advertising the nutritional composition and value of Baltic sprat and Baltic herring to consumers. Manufacturers might use the research data to choose the best technological solutions to improve the quality and develop new products. The problems arousing with utilization (storage, freezing etc.) of Baltic herring and sprat will be discussed and possible solutions will be suggested.

Public sector and manufacturers will get competent scientific information for making long term investment decisions. With this project manufacturers, public sector and scientists have created a valuable network to find objective methods to solve the prob-

lems limiting the consumption of these nutritious species as human food.

Future research in the area The Baltic herring and Baltic sprat project started by describing the basic issues, from seasonal variations of the species composition, quality, and technological peculiarities. However, to launch a successful research effort focusing on the sustainable utilization of stocks of these valuable species as human food the habits and opinions of consumers have to be taken into account. It would be necessary to continue this study using consumer focus groups and consumer preference studies of Baltic herring and Baltic sprat products. Another important area of interest is the role and potential of small and micro fish-manufacturers on the market.

For further information please contact: Loreida Timberg, Competence Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies E-Mail: loreida@hot.ee

estonia

Sustainable development of fisheries in Estonia

Developing strategies for fisheries areas

Priority axis 4.1 “Sustainable development of fisheries” established by the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) is of major significance for the Estonian fisheries sector, in particular for coastal fishermen. Its primary importance comes from the fact that this action supports the joint activities of fishermen and the development of strategies for fisheries areas.

Before the implementation of this action the majority of Estonian coastal fishermen were not organised and did not belong to any associations or strong unions. Over the last decade the strategic plans for development of coastal fishing were compiled for only one area.

I

n 2008 approximately 1,300 commercial fishing permits were issued to Estonian coastal fishermen. Including support staff the total number of coastal fishermen is now approximately 2,200.

As a rule the holders of commercial fishing permits represent sole proprietors. Such proprietors do not receive their entire income from fishing and their income is insufficient for making investments in the infrastructure which is crucial for fisheries.

Ports in need of renovation In the meantime almost all the small ports used for landing the fish are in private hands and the infrastructure at these ports does not comply with modern requirements and needs renovation. They lack sorting lines and refrigerating facilities; in several cases the hoists and other equipment are obsolete and the quays in need of modernisation. This in turn causes fluctuation in the availability of fish on the mar-

38 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

ket, and reduces the quality and price of fish. Former experience has shown that expensive investments, such as renovation and reconstruction of small ports, requires joint efforts on behalf of fishers associations and also involves local governments.

Joint activities also address the problems associated with the landing of small quantities of fish.

Processing industries typically do not care to purchase small volumes and the prices the fisherman can expect is low. This problem is overcome by jointly selling the fish. In summer 2008 non-profit associations were established in all eight major fishing areas in Estonia; the associations in, for example, the Peipsi and Pärnu areas have remarkably high numbers of members (approximately 50% of the fishermen from these areas participate in the association).

The benefits of having a strategy Jana Maasik, Adviser to the Bureau of Fisheries Development, Estonian Ministry of Agriculture.

Today it is possible to say that the the fishermen’s “fear of strategy” has been obliterated and this has been possible due to train-

ing programmes for the fisheries sector that have lasted for several months and also thanks to the measures for the sustainable development of fisheries that have been published as a manual.

Strategy is no longer seen as a pile of paper required by bureaucrats and compiled for formal purposes only.

Despite the country’s small size, there are differences between all eight areas currently subject to strategy-making. They differ both in terms of existing problems and

with the following priority axes: - reconstruction of landing sites and improvement of conditions for landing fish; - processing and direct marketing of fishery or aquaculture products; - development of fisheries-related tourism and reviving coastal villages; - diversification of activities; - training activities, promotion and improvement of professional skills, employee adaptability and access to employment.

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The different fisheries areas all have their own characteristics and problems which need to be taken into account when developing a strategy.

future development perspectives.

The strategy aims at providing an analysis of the present situation, establishing a vision and setting real objectives. The development of a strategy “forces” the finding of solutions to problems that have existed for a long time and it also allows the allocation of time and money in a more expedient manner in the future.

EFF funding to help achieve objectives During 2009-2013 support amounting to about EUR23 million (EEK360 million) will be allocated for achieving the objectives set for fisheries areas. Plans will link regional strategic objectives

It is to be hoped that priority axis 4.1 will help to preserve the lifestyle and traditions characteristic of coastal people. At the same time, the goals involve significant modernisation of the working conditions of fishermen by 2013 and the introduction of more knowledge-based management principles to coastal fishing. The hope is that the cooperation arising from this action enables the fisheries sector to expand and reduce risks and develop new products with high value added.

Jana Maasik, Adviser to the Bureau of Fisheries Development.

Estonian Ministry of Agriculture

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Faroe Islands

Frozen logistics rely on networking A nation of just 48,000 people the Faroe Islands form an archipelago of 18 islands in the North Atlantic 300 km from the Shetland Islands, 450 km from Iceland, 675 km from Norway, and about 1,500 km from Denmark.

Politically the Faroe Islands are a self-governing community within the Kingdom of Denmark.

Faroe Islands

The Faroes are an archipelago of eighteen mountainous islands, home to just over 48,000 people. Fisheries is the mainstay of the economy with exports of fisheries related products amounting to 97% of all exports.

fishing fleet in terms of value are, cod, saithe, and haddock among the demersal species and monkfish and Greenland halibut among the flat fish species. By volumes blue whiting, cod, herring, saithe and capelin are the most significant (2007).

C

ertain areas of government are administered by the Faroese themselves, called Special Matters, where the Faroese parliament has legislative authority and the Faroese government has executive power.

These cover among others economic, financial, and cultural issues. In other areas, termed Joint Matters, the rules are administered by the Danish government following legislation passed by the Danish parliament.

Fisheries vital for the economy A look at the distribution of the gross domestic product on the Faroe Islands from 2006 shows that agriculture and fisheries amounted to 17% of the economy, in comparison to Denmark where this sector contributed about 6%.

Fisheries and aquaculture are a vital part of the Faroese economy – exports of fish and seafood amounted to no less than 94% of the value of exports in 2007. The

Saltfish is exported to countries in southern Europe, where it is highly appreciated.

sector provides people with jobs and contributes to global food security by providing markets around the world with high quality fish and seafood. The importance of the sector has given the Faroese a vested interest in its

long term survival, ensuring that fisheries are sustainable and that the impact on the environment is kept to a minimum. The waters surrounding the Faroes are rich in fish resources. The most important species for the Faroese

The fleet fishes both within the 200 mile exclusive economic zone but also has reciprocal agreements with other countries that enable it to fish in other zones and international waters.

In 2007 the total Faroese catch was 582,000 tonnes of which 40% or 231,000 tonnes was harvested in Faroese fishing areas. More than 60% of the cod was caught in other fishing zones such as the Barents Sea and East Greenland as cod catches in Faroese waters have been falling for the last few years. In general however the percentage of the total catch from Faroese waters has risen significantly. In the decade 1990 to 1999 on average only 24% of the catch was from Faroese waters, while from 2001 to 2007 it had gone up to 42%.

Effort-based management system The health of the fishery sector is closely tied to the abundance

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

41

Faroe Islands

Total catch in live weight by species, fishing zones and year in t 2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Blue Whiting (=Poutassou)

258334

204524

326593

316868

267447

320592

312005

Saithe (=Pollock =Coalfish)

50584

57086

50851

52694

75970

73047

67044

Atlantic Herring

34516

34663

28369

50106

71878

71840

63332

Atlantic Cod

39762

55726

58029

45941

35754

30754

28141

Capelin

28907

54059

50468

33078

19752

31610

19059

Haddock

17082

27428

30053

26887

24722

21413

16834

9572

7058

6264

3440

7055

12576

14339

22790

20356

12299

14203

10310

12082

14124

0

0

0

0

6703

10829

7163

Northern Prawn

17731

13116

14083

9314

7184

4066

7060

Queen Scallop

4053

2366

3659

4055

4512

5237

4970

Ling

2859

3447

3341

4514

4387

5040

4359

Monk (=Anglerfish)

2314

1901

2753

3723

5001

5201

4010

Tusk (=Cusk)

3056

2307

2368

3150

3059

4025

3638

Argentines Atlantic Mackerel Atlantic redfishes nei

Sandeels (=Sandlances)

0

18549

5168

3476

0

0

2448

Blue Ling

1752

1132

2519

1543

1729

2051

2080

Greenland Halibut

4390

3020

3244

2894

1790

1661

2051

44

66

1675

0

2125

1538

1901

European sprat Whiting

1434

1044

709

1326

1816

1888

1807

Roundnose Grenadier

100

179

521

529

494

955

852

Black scabbardfish (A. carbo)

407

1364

1496

973

648

768

719

Gadiformes n.e.i.

948

1246

941

684

2728

304

717

Lemon Sole

729

1221

1131

907

661

778

648

Atlantic Halibut

247

394

382

497

513

463

405

0

458

693

3867

3476

1312

385

European Plaice

327

456

465

468

421

408

362

Atlantic Wolffish (=Catfish)

272

253

440

433

364

362

282

Dogfish sharks n.e.i.

622

322

248

333

251

310

260

Wolffishes (=Catfishes) n.e.i.

99

78

159

175

283

267

260

Skates n.e.i.

79

26

100

292

298

268

202

Whelk

0

0

0

133

391

494

180

Marine crabs n.e.i

2

0

12

0

0

89

102

Atlantic Horse Mackerel

Other

14696

12145

11955

12884

3534

626

394

Total

517708

525990

620988

599387

565256

622854

582133

Statistics Faroe Islands

of stocks. In Faroese waters the Ministry of Fisheries is responsible for the management of fish stocks and it is also responsible for Faroese fisheries in other waters. The management system in the early 90s was founded on a system of quotas, however this was discarded some years later in favour of an effort-based system that limits the number of

days at sea. In addition, restrictions are placed on the use of certain types of equipment and areas can be closed off to fisheries if it is considered necessary.

The number of fishing days in a fishing year (1 September to 31 August) is set by law. The legislation is proposed by the fisheries minister on the recommendation of the Faroese

42 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

Fisheries Laboratory, and the Fishing Days Committee which comprises representatives from the fisheries sector. The Faroese Fisheries Laboratory makes its recommendations on the basis of stock assessments that look at stock sizes and fishing mortality. The Fishing Days Committee must also present its estimate of the number of fishing days will

allow the sustainable exploitation of the resource.

Limited fishing days split between vessels Vessels in the Faroese fishing fleet are divided by gear type and size into groups. These are, for example, pair trawlers; long liners over110 t; coastal vessels larger than 40 t using long lines; coastal vessels larger than 40 t using trawls; coastal vessels between 15 t and 40 t; and coastal jiggers less than 15 t. Between 2005 and 2007 the number of steel trawlers registered a net increase of one from 69 to 70 but the total tonnage went up from 48,000 to 74,000 tonnes.

The number of fishing days is allocated to the groups which then divide them among the individual vessels. A vessel may trade unused fishing days within a group provided it has used at least 60% of its fishing days in the previous fishing year. Transfers between groups are restricted in order to prevent any single group from increasing its fishing efficiency.

This management system takes into account the mixed species groundfish fisheries that are prevalent in Faroese waters.

The advantage of the fishing days system is that there is no requirement for the catch to stay under a fixed quota. The entire catch is legitimate and has a value, which in turn prevents the practise of discarding. A fisher has no incentive to misreport the catch or land it under a false name. This allows for accurate catch data which is important for the stock assessment.

However, the fishing day system does have the disadvantage that it cannot shield specific species from exploitation and that it does not take developments in

Faroe Islands

fishing technology into account which enable greater fishing efficiencies. To compensate for the latter the number of fishing days has gradually been reduced by 20% since the introduction of the system.

Faroese fresh fish catches by species and year in DKK 1.000 2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Cod

395605

501808

535987

562632

389519

340222

263095

291386

Saithe

171482

223144

246896

159095

139896

248494

313982

289890

Haddock

225169

211377

264608

190315

177159

198704

201311

178353

Monk Fish

79800

71771

57147

57758

77757

120530

135992

108023

Other Species, Total

29134

52553

58065

48040

44907

35527

65477

71518

Ling

28624

38513

28462

32041

33484

40661

58820

48417

Greater Silver Smelt

18547

31769

30189

17143

6046

16697

37379

45181

Greenland Halibut

80451

64935

42536

41879

41208

28309

20104

27590

A number of other measures are also used to manage the stocks. Measures such as the use of sorting grids to prevent unwanted bycatch, area closures in case young fish amount to a certain percentage of the total catch, and the prevention of the use of certain fishing gears in certain areas.

In the case of cod, saithe and haddock if young fish amount to more than 30% of a single haul the vessel is obliged by law to report it immediately to the authorities who decide whether to close off the area.

Tusk

17774

21007

14352

11804

10901

12880

24837

22937

Ocean Perch

54314

56866

34065

23955

39583

26366

53036

21046

Blue Ling

13661

14621

10911

19413

13559

15863

21944

20736

Halibut

Protecting the marine environment is a priority for fisheries administrators and reasearch is directed at developing gear that reduces the environmental impace of fisheries. Trawls that use rollers on the underside are not only less damaging to the seabed compared to conventional trawls, but also save on fuel. Special grids used when trawling for blue whiting has been shown to reduce the bycatch of cod and saithe and are now mandatory for all vessels fishing for blue whiting around the Faroe Islands.

Liver Other Demersal Fish

Technical measures also used in stock management

14623

11656

12924

11360

18302

19181

19929

18362

Shellfish Total

4344

2937

2698

6150

10268

10961

18568

17992

Lemon Sole

6805

14406

25830

22116

19386

13883

15840

15665

Whiting

13384

10622

6042

3479

9067

14196

15859

15587

Black Scabbard Fish

977

5195

19491

22349

17415

9500

14176

14596

Other Shellfish

173

23

16

3867

5187

7668

15052

14173

Grenadier

205

576

1527

3942

3131

4620

9033

8124

Roe, Milt, Liver Etc.

3004

18802

17482

4541

4169

6081

5469

5863

Plaice

4123

4778

7619

7066

7901

6915

6144

5218

Roe And Milt

2896

17717

16902

4541

3892

4140

3131

3900

Lobster

4171

2914

2681

2282

5080

3292

3516

3819

Piked Dogfish

3623.

7180.

4357

2950

4106

3211

3702

2636

Catfish

2283

2545

2124

4664

3630

3070

3166

2339

107

1084

579

0

276

1940

2338

1963

861

731

415

711

838

1586

1243

1615

Grey Skate

477

343

148

601

2678

2716

2447

1383

Other, Other Species

1093

458

1763

1396

1160

890

791

701

Other Shark Species

234

167

130

251

106

308

388

277

Other Flat Fish

144

123

69

378

193

234

239

227

Orange Roughy

4027

7205

606

7

12939

298

5

0

425

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Salmon Flat Species, Total

186426

168015

146275

141160

167427

191770

200697

176470

Demersal Species, Total

923161

1081239

1143865

1008112

817639

902044

957298

892310

1146071

1323547

1368387

1208005

1044411

1146384

1247511

1164155

Total

Statistics Faroe Islands

Aquaculture focused on salmon, trout

cent cod farming industry. Production of salmon and trout has been highly volatile the last few years due to the restructuring in the industry and the incidence of disease.

The Faroe Islands also boast an aquaculture sector that is focused mainly on salmon and trout though there is also a nas-

The industry can trace its history back to the 80s when companies owned about sixty farming licenses. The 90s saw a phase of

rapid consolidation and today there are just six companys dotted around the islands. Today all these companies are vertically integrated and control the entire production process from smolt to on-growing, harvesting, and sales. Production climbed steadily from 2000 to peak at 58,000 tonnes in 2003, but then infectious salmon

anaemia (ISA), a highly contagious disease, struck and production slumped over the next three years reaching a low of under 15,000 tonnes in 2006.

Stringent measures were introduced to bring the disease under control and production in 2007 climbed to 24,000 tonnes of fish. Cod farming is thought to have good potential on the

Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

43

Faroe Islands

Harvest of salmon and trout in tonnes (gutted weight) Salmon

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

28292

43917

36863

50737

33600

15549

10724

18283

Trout

1005

2501

8362

7666

3819

3370

4122

5751

Total

29297

46418

45225

58403

37419

18919

14846

24034 Statistics Faroe Islands

Faroes thanks to the favourable environmental conditions as well as the availability of high quality brood stock from two distinct populations. Although, there are still teething problems associated with the production of juveniles the results from the ongrowing in sea cages have been encouraging. The mean weight from 20 months growth at sea is 4,100 grams. The cod farming programme currently involves one public research institution, the Aquaculture

Research Station of the Faroes, and two private companies.

High quality processed products Fish is processed either on board the modern factory trawlers on in shore-based processing facilities.

Either way the outcome is a very high quality product as processing factories comply fully with all EU directives on food safety and hygiene. Fish is processed as fresh, or into fresh or frozen fillets and

44 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

portions. There is also a salting industry that salts fish for export to southern Europe where it is highly regarded. Smoked, canned, and cooked products are also made by the processing industry.

Some of the processing companies such as Faroe Seafood are huge with a staff of 1,000 people and exports of 36,000 metric tonnes of fish. The company buys 38% of the total Faroese catch and is probably the biggest producers of frozen saithe por-

tions in Europe and is on track to become the biggest producer of fresh saithe portions. In addition to saithe Faroe Seafood also processes cod, haddock, redfish and halibut at its eight processing plants. Nothing however beats the freshness of fish that is processed on board. Within four hours of being taken out of the water the fish is processed and frozen. Species processed on board freezer trawlers include cod, haddock, saithe, Greenland halibut, and shrimp.

us: Please visit s ssel ESE Bru ril 2009 28 - 30 Ap th 329 Hall 5, Boo

aqua c u lt u r e

Experiments on algae being carried out at the University of Arizona.

Biofuels from aquatic resources

Diesel from fish waste, biofuel from algae

The rising crude oil price is driving forward the search for alternative energy sources. Fuels from renewable raw materials, biodiesel from rapeseed, and ethanol from corn or sugar cane, would be possible solutions but this usage has led to worldwide scarcity and thus higher prices for a lot of foods. Aquatic resources have so far been given little mention in this tense debate, although microalgae and fish waste could supply high-quality fuels.

N

o matter what price the market analysts declared to be the “magic“ limit – the oil price topped it! At the beginning of 2008 the price for a barrel of crude oil overshot the 100 dollar mark and just a few months later it was dangerously close to 150 dollars. Rarely before had we been so insistently reminded that supplies of mineral oil are not inexhaustible and that we have to start looking for other energy sources. Particularly high hopes were set on biofuels from renewable agricultural raw materials which were seen as one way of closing at least part of the energy gap. Biodiesel from rape-

seed and ethanol from corn, soy or sugar cane – for a lot of people that was the solution… particularly since production of biofuels would be a way of solving several problems at the same time. Farmers would be able to use their land more effectively and would have a secure source of income; industrial nations would reduce their dependence on the oil-exporting states. On top of that, biofuels would also contribute towards combating climate change. The EU backs renewable energies, too, and in 2007 stipulated that biofuels should have a share of 10% at fuel stations by 2020. If the CO2 emissions are to be reduced by

46 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

20% by the year 2020, said EU Agricultural Commissioner Mariann Fischer Boel, “there’s no getting round biodiesel and ethanol”. But this is an ambitious goal, given the fact that currently only 2-3% of the fuels used worldwide come from renewable agricultural resources.

On your plate or in your tank?

At the same time as oil prices rose, however, the prices demanded for a lot of foods also increased drastically. For consumers in western countries this was perhaps a necessary shock because it makes it clear that the foods that are often

sold cheaply (or even at a loss) in the shops do have a real value. In poorer countries, however, the price rise threatened the lives of millions of people because rice, soy and wheat were often no longer affordable for them. In a lot of places there were protests and demonstrations, in some countries unrest. The OECD made a rather sober statement that the development of biofuel production was leading to considerable tension on raw material markets without creating any significant advantages for the environment.

The German NGO ‘Foodwatch’ believes that biofuels do not benefit the climate but only the farmers, and Peter Brabeck-Lemanthe, at that time the manager of the food empire Nestlé, thinks that this strategy is ecological madness because rain forests are being burnt down to further the production of ethanol. Every hectare of arable land can only be used for one purpose per season and so a dispute has arisen about how some of the raw materials should be used: as food for the growing world population, as feed for farm animals, or as biofuel for car tanks?

In the meantime the excitement around biofuels has died down noticeably. At German fuel stations biodiesel sometimes even cost more than diesel from mineral oil in summer 2008. And so people suddenly started taking note of sceptical opinions that remind us that biofuels have an overall disappointing environmental balance. A large share of the energy that can be produced from them had to go into the production of the plants. Energy was required for ploughing, sowing

and harvesting, for drying and storing and for distilling the agricultural raw materials to biofuel.

Apart from that, the economic potential of this renewable energy was limited: even if the whole of the corn harvest in the USA went into fuel production it would not cover more than 12% of current petrol needs!

Aquatic sector overlooked so far So is that the end for biofuels?

No way! – Particularly because a highly productive raw material segment has so far been largely overlooked. Tony Piccolo pointed this out in a paper that is based on his MBA thesis. Under the heading “Aquatic Biofuels – New Options for Bioenergy” he points to the huge potential of aquatic resources as a raw material for biofuels. In his opinion the use of fish waste or, even better, microalgae could be particularly lucrative.

Why planktonic algae in particular? With the help of sunlight, autotrophic algae produce energyrich compounds from carbon dioxide and water. These are an ideal raw material for biofuel. The green protozoa are extremely productive, they grow and reproduce quickly, contain a large amount of vegetable oils and can be cultivated with relatively little effort.

The spectrum of possible production methods for microalgae is extraordinarily broad. It ranges from simple brackish ponds to technically sophisticated bioreactors in which ideal conditions for specific algal species are created and constantly maintained. One of the advantages of some microalgae species over agricultural plants is the fact that they grow in salt water and do not have to be watered with valuable freshwater.

For comparison: about 900 litres of water are necessary to produce

It is possible to produce about one litre of biodiesel from one kilogram of fish slaughter waste.

just one kilogram of feed corn!

Apart from that, microalgae can absorb a lot of nutrients from the water and utilise these highly efficiently, thereby making an important contribution to keeping our waters clean. A lot of algal species could even be grown in waste water ponds that would otherwise not come under consideration for any other applications. In contrast to agricultural products algae do not contain sulphur, either, so that when the biofuels are burned later on no sulphur dioxide would be released.

Microalgae unusually productive Due to their high productivity microalgae enable an amazingly high yield on a relatively small area. Piccolo calculates that from the algae that are produced on an area the size of two garages the same quantity of biofuel can be produced as from soy beans that grow on an area the size of a foot-

ball field. The biofuel yield, in relation to hectare of production area was 33 times higher for microalgae than for rapeseed and 88 times higher than for soy. In open waste water ponds it was even possible to produce 100 tonnes algae per year and hectare. A higher yield was only possible in light reactors which are among the most productive systems that there are.

Mostly they consist of long, translucent plastic tubes that lie flat on the ground and in which the water with the algae culture circulates.

Sensors monitor all parameters within the system that are decisive for the growth of the algae (e.g. temperature, pH value, nutrient content) so that the conditions in the reactor can be maintained at a constant level at all times. Due to the high investment and running costs these bioreactors are only really feasible for financially strong producer countries, however.

Piccolo gives numerous examples of intensive research that is

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

47

aqua c u lt u r e

The production of fish biofuel is not all that complicated. First the waste has to be pressed and treated with hot water at a temperature of 90°C to extract the oil it contains. Afterwards the waste is mixed with methanol (c. 9%) and caustic soda to separate the glycerine from the biodiesel. After the fuel has been subsequently cleaned by adding manganese it is utilisable in ships’ engines and other combustion engines. The by-product glycerine can be sold to the cosmetics industry which produces soap from it, and the remaining wastes can be further processed to fishmeal which is not, however, as high-quality.

An open pond used for the cultivation of algae.

already taking place in various regions of the world on the use of microalgae for biofuels. This was particularly true for the USA which wants to reduce its strong dependence on oil imports. For this reason research in this area was specially funded, too. There have already been some remarkable achievements. One team of researchers from the University of Texas has discovered bluegreen algae (Cyanobacteria) for example that do not only excrete glucose and saccharose but also a soft almost jelly like cellulose which can easily be broken down. All three substances would be good for the production of biofuel. Because it grows easily in salt water and strong sunshine it could be produced in large quantities in irrigated desert regions. Under laboratory conditions the company US Sustainable Energy in Texas has already produced the first biofuels.

For the test they used about 10 kg of an algal species with an oil content of about 5%. In the state of Minnesota, Xcel Energy is supporting an algal biodiesel project which is run by the university and the Metropolitan Council.

In North Dakota and California,

too, intensive research is being carried out in this area. The scientists in Florida seem to be one step ahead because there the company PetroAlgae hopes to begin commercial production of algae based fuel in 2009. In Arizona, PetroSun BioFuels Refining recently signed a joint venture that is to lead to the construction of an algal biodiesel factory in Coolidge. PetroSun will supply 54 gallons of algal oil to the factory which will then produce biodiesel from it. The first delivery is to be in the third quarter of 2008. Scientists at the Old Dominion University (Virginia) have launched a project that is to use the algal growth from the municipal sewage plant for the production of biodiesel. It is hoped that up to 70,000 gallons of biodiesel will be produced from the algal mass yearly. That is about 265,000 litres.

The topic meets with great interest in New Zealand and the Netherlands, too. The Dutch company AlgaeLink claims to have developed a new technique for extracting algal oil without the need of chemicals, drying or oil presses.

The patent is pending and the

48 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

new technique apparently only needs 26 kilowatts to produce about 12,000 gallons of algal oil per hour. Yield is said to be 50% of the initial algal mash.

One litre diesel from 1 kg fish waste After algae, the second big raw material source that Piccolo has identified is fish waste which is often produced in large quantities and high quality in aquaculture.

Such wastes are mostly used for the production of fishmeal and fish oil but they could also be used for the production of biofuels. For which option one decides depends partly on the market prices for diesel and fishmeal. High-quality fishmeal costs over 1,000 dollars per tonne at the moment on the world market but meal from fish waste is of a considerably lower quality and accordingly cheaper.

The diesel price varies from country to country and is sometimes even subsidized for agriculture and fisheries. In spite of this it can be worthwhile to produce biodiesel from fish waste instead of fish oil. It is possible to produce about one litre of biodiesel from one kilogram of fish slaughter waste.

Fish diesel already in use in Honduras The production of biodiesel from fish waste is also already being carried out in practice, as Piccolo mentions in his thesis. The first company to do this was Agifish, one of the leading pangasius producers in Vietnam. A lot of slaughter waste is produced during the course of processing and Agifish wanted to make profitable use of it. For that reason they founded a joint venture with two local cooling firms and the Raffinerie Saigon Petro which is to produce 30,000 t biodiesel annually from the fish waste. It is estimated that a production of 800,000 t of pangasius in the Mekong region leads to at least 100,000 t slaughter waste per year. The company is to be based in the province An Giang.

Already now the Honduran company Aquafinca St Peter Fish, one of the biggest tilapia exporters in the world, produces 11,000 litres of biodiesel per day from tilapia waste. Aquafinca claims to be the market leader for transforming fish oil to biodiesel. The biodiesel they produce is used to produce

electricity for the company and also for their vehicle fleet which includes ten trucks and eight buses for transporting the 1,500 employees. Aquafinca operates tilapia farms in the El Cajon reservoir and in Lake Yojoa. The company exports about 25,000 t tilapia every year, mainly to the USA. Fuels based on aquatic resources are not, however, likely to be sufficient to cover the huge – and increasing – energy requirements of mankind. But they could contribute towards solving the problem, particularly because in contrast to fuels from agricultural raw materials they have several advantages. The production of algae fuel and fish diesel does not compete with food production

A plant for the conversion of fish waste into biodiesel.

and does not push up the prices for rice, wheat and soy. Aquatic resources have a neutral carbon

dioxide balance and thus have only a marginal influence on the environment and climate. That

makes them a real alternative for energy supply in many parts of mk the world.

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

49

[ species ]

Part 5: Lobster from Canada

Processing and lobster products

The ability of the lobster to survive for a fairly long time outside of water combined with the network of worldwide flight connections make it possible today to offer these crustaceans live almost anywhere in the world. However, live dispatch accounts for only about half of the market and it looks as if new products might soon outrank live lobsters.

They offer consumers greater convenience and give processors more scope for value adding.

F

resh live lobster that is not cooked until just before it is served is still the classic method of preparation and for some gourmets the only conceivable way to enjoy this special delicacyâ&#x20AC;Ś particularly since restaurant guests are often permitted to select their own individual lobster themselves before it is taken to the kitchen to be prepared. However, live storage of lobsters is not only very time-consuming but also cost-intensive for the restaurants. The storage tank takes up a lot of space and requires con50 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

Lobster sorting grades Lobster sorting grades are not standardised with the added difficulty that the same names are often used for different size groups. The following sorting systems are frequently used, with the first table being the most common Sorting grade Canners

Weight in g 170-454

Chicks (Chix)

455-500

Eights Quarters Halves Selects Deuces Sm. Jumbos Med. Jumbos Large Jumbos

501-570 571-680 681-800 801-900 901-1135 1136-1475 1476-2270 2271+

Whole cooked lobsters are frequently frozen in plastic sleeves with brine or in net bags to prevent the legs or claws from breaking off.

siderable care and maintenance.

The lobsters have to be constantly controlled so that any weaker ones can be removed in time.

And lobsters have to be ordered regularly so that there will be sufficient choice for the guests. (Who wants to be compelled to take the only remaining lobster that other guests have rejected?) Added to this is the pressure that this procedure puts on the kitchen staff, who have to serve the selected lobster, perfectly cooked, as quickly as possible. Naturally, there are restaurants that do not shy from this challenge, but increasing time and cost pressure is forcing more and more catering establishments to make use of products with a higher convenience grade. General market developments have their impact on lobster, too. The number and quality of processed lobster products have increased strongly. Nearly half of the Ca-

[ lobster ] nadian lobster catch is today no longer marketed live but undergoes some sort of processing.

Canned lobster: hot and cold packs The first lobster product to come onto the market was canned lobster. That was in the middle of the 19th century. However, this product was not introduced for convenience reasons but because the lobster fishermen were looking for a suitable method to preserve their catches which spoiled easily.

They wanted to be able to transport them beyond the regions in which they were caught. Canned lobster meat is today still a popular product that is sold in nearly every North American supermarket for comparatively moderate prices because the producers can make use of inexpensive raw materials and preferably process lobsters with slight blemishes. These lobsters are called canners. The most frequent canned products are lobster meat in its own juice or in brine. The traditional canned product is heated in an autoclave to preserve it and is called ‘hot pack’. A rather unusual product, the ‘cold pack’, was also recently introduced to the market. Whereas in the hot pack the lobster meat is cooked by the heat in the auto-

About half of the Canadian lobster catches is marketed live.

Smaller sizes of around 500 g are currently most popular in Europe.

clave it remains raw in the cold pack because the can is not heated after it is closed but frozen. Strictly speaking, it is thus not a canned product in the usual sense but a frozen product in a can.

Pasteurised lobster meat Another product that is available on the market is a kind of semipreserve: vacuum packed, pasteurised lobster meat. This product is often only offered regionally during the fishing season. It has a shelf-life of about four months.

Lobster tails are particularly popular. They are often produced raw with shell …

The North Americans mainly use the lobster meat from cans and pasteurised products for lobster sandwiches, seafood salads, lobster cocktails and lobster mayonnaise or stew, chowder and other soups. Some of these dishes are also available as canned products themselves. There is a wide variety of canned products based on lobster. Whereas in Europe lobster is considered to be an exclusive product for special occasions it has been ‘democratised’ in North America where it is considered quite normal to eat sandwiches

with lobster salad or lobster pâté, or enjoy delicate lobster rolls as a snack in between meals when out and about. Even pet food producers make use of lobster: there are various canned products in the shops – mainly for cats – that contain a share of lobster meat.

Chix particularly popular in Europe With a processing capacity of nearly 5 tonnes per day the company H & H Fisheries is one of the smaller enterprises in the

… and IQF frozen for individual removal. Due to its size this is an ideal product for caterers.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

51

[ species ] from different body parts and have different meat qualities. The tail meat is considered to be particularly valuable. This is available in four sizes, individually packed and IQF: 56 -85 g, 85 -113 g, 113 - 170 g and 170+ g. The claws are packed in pairs or marketed together with the knuckles in a 250 g pack. The fourth product is pure leg meat which is particularly suited to use in soups, chowder, appetizers, etc.

High-pressure technology (hyperbaric treatment) enables the raw meat to be removed practically intact and completely from the lobster shell.

Canadian lobster industry. It offers both live lobster (the lobsters are sorted in 50 g steps) and pure lobster meat (raw or cooked). The lobster meat is mainly marketed frozen but also sold fresh on the local market (minimum shelf-life 10 days under appropriate cooling). The product range comprises nearly all the standard products from whole lobsters and parts (claws, tails) to mixed and broken meat. Cooking and removal of the shell gives the company the chance to make good used of large lobsters for which it is otherwise difficult to find buyers. At present, for example, the European market prefers chix weighing about 450 g, compared to the lobsters weighing 2 to 3 lb (c. 900-1,400 g) that used to be popular. After cooking (a task which demands a lot of experience to cook the lobsters to just the right point) they are split open and the meat is removed.

The brine is not added until just before freezing. Customers can choose the exact composition of

the final product, brine share, and packaging type.

Hyperbaric treatment: top quality raw lobster meat

perbaric treatment, is used by Clearwater, one of the biggest lobster suppliers in the world, for producing lobster meat. By exerting immense pressure on the water body in which the lobster is contained the lobsters are killed in just fractions of a second.

At the same time the huge pressure destroys the protein bridges which connect the muscle meat to the shell so that after hyperbaric treatment the meat can be removed from the tail, claws, knuckles and legs and is still intact and undamaged. The inner walls are absolutely clean afterwards with no meat remains stuck to them. All protuberances and even the reddish coloured membrane on the surface of the muscle remain undamaged. In this way it is possible to obtain attractive raw lobster meat pieces which can be vacuum packed and shock frozen immediately after removal.

A very modern method, called high pressure processing or hy-

Clearwater currently offers four product forms that are produced

The product range of the US company Claw Island comprises several products on the basis of cooked and shock frozen lobster. In contrast to a lot of other companies Claw Island processes the lobsters immediately after the catch. This means that the raw materials are frozen at a stage of maximum freshness which is said to be noticeable in the productâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pure flavour and lighter colouring. Cooked products are ready to eat immediately after thawing.

The product range includes whole and half lobsters, claws, tails, and pure lobster meat (fresh, frozen or pasteurised). The company Cozy Harbor (USA) has a similar portfolio of fresh and frozen products.

52 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

Products that have been subject to hyperbaric treatment offer the processor a number of advantages. Whilst the meat yield from whole lobsters varies between 25 and 30% depending on the quality of the lobster, hyperbaric treatment produces 100% pure meat.

This enables full cost control of product usage. Unpleasant surprises like those occasionally experienced with softshell lobsters are ruled out. Apart from that, the expense of storing the live lobsters is avoided. The work load for preparing the lobster is noticeably lower and there is practically no waste or cooking smells in the kitchen. The frozen products have a shelf-life of 24 months if kept in the freezer. In contrast to cooked frozen lobster meat the cook can choose the preparation method for the raw product and select cooking time himself, i.e. he can influence the quality of the dish as he wishes. The use of pure raw meat also allows the preparation of excellent sauces.

Fishery Products International (FPI), another Canadian company, in the meantime offers similar lobster products under the name Hyperfresh Hyperbaric Lobster Meat.

Live lobster, canned lobster and frozen products In addition to live and canned lobster, frozen products are the third

[ lobster ] most important product segment for lobster marketing. The frozen sector is characterised by a particularly high innovation rate and disproportionate growth rate. The standard range of the Canadian lobster industry currently comprises the following products: 1. Live lobster: packed in plastic coated cartons or polystyrene boxes, cooled with gel cushions, the individual lobster sizes are mostly in the range of 454 to 2,270 g.

2. Whole lobster, cooked, frozen in brine (popsicle pack): after cooking the lobster is packed in a (plastic) bag, filled up with brine, sealed and frozen. Freezing in brine results in a thick shell of ice forming around the product which prevents mechanical damages to the lobster.

3. Whole lobster, cooked, frozen: the lobsters are cooked and frozen, and subsequently vacuumed packed with just a small amount of brine or individually wrapped in waxed paper.

4. Whole lobster, blanched, frozen and vacuum packed: the lobsters are cooked for only two minutes and then immediately frozen. The cooking process is completed later on by the end user. The advantage: the product has its fresh cooked flavour when served.

5. Whole lobster, cooked or blanched, frozen, vacuum skin packed (shrink packaging): a special technology gives this product a shelf-life of 24 months.

6. Whole lobster, cooked (baby boil): small lobsters (200-400 g) are cooked in a mould, frozen and subsequently sealed in a plastic tray.

7. Raw lobster tails, frozen: unpeeled tails are IQF frozen and packed individually in bags or in layers in cartons.

opening without the use of tools. Frozen. Available in packs for food service and individual consumers.

By-products for the lobster industry

Mixed lobster meat, such as here TCKL (tails, claws, knuckles, legs), is suitable for a lot of lobster dishes and is relatively inexpensive.

8. Lobster meat in cans, cooked, frozen (cold pack): the lobster is cooked, peeled and the meat packed in brine in cans and frozen (can sizes 320 g, 900 g, 2.2 kg).

9. Lobster meat in cans, cooked, preserved in autoclave (hot pack): the lobster meat is removed from the shell after cooking and layered in cans which are then sealed. The meat is preserved in the autoclave as in conventional canning (can sizes 70 g, 142 g, 280 g).

10. Lobster meat, cooked, vacuum packed and frozen: after cooking, the lobster meat is removed from the shell by hand, vacuum packed and frozen. The products range from pure meat from tails, claws or tail/ claw mix to inexpensive leg meat, minced meat (e.g. for salads) and broken meat.

Composition and size of individual packs as required by customers.

11. Raw lobster meat, high-pressure (hyperbaric) treatment, individually vacuum packed, frozen: after special high-pressure treatment the raw meat can be removed intact and undamaged from the shell. A very convincing product in appear-

ance and flavour which can be used in a variety of ways. Tails, claws and also leg and knuckle meat, also mixed, are available.

12. Minced body meat: body meat is removed from the shell, packed in plastic bags or under vacuum, and frozen.

13. Lobster paste in cans: contains lobster liver and/ or roe, mixed with various meat shares, cooked and preserved in cans (can size 112 g).

14. Lobster liver and roe, mixed: liver and roe are removed by hand from the cooked lobsters, vacuum packed and frozen.

15. Cocktail claws, pre-cut (easyopen): cooked lobster claws are indented to enable easy

Numerous producers have developed a variety of products around lobster to make preparation, serving and consumption easier and more attractive. The current product range includes everything from special cooking utensils, cutlery, tongs and hooks for the removal of the leg meat, to serviettes and plates. A relatively new idea comes from Seven Seas Products and The Lobster Guys who have launched various spice mixtures for adding to the cooking water. The spice mixtures which contain various herbs and natural sea salt in a kind of tea bag are simply hung into the water in which the lobster is poached. The following are at present available under the brand name ‘Seasoned

by Land and Sea’: House Blend, Cajun Style, Italian Blend, Lemon Pepper Blend, Salt & Peppercorn Blend, and Greek style. According to the producer the spice mixtures give dishes a “consistent restaurant quality”, and can also be used for other crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps.

mk

Ice Pack XL

Dip and Chill Instant Ice replacement Please visit us: Seafood Processing Europe 2009 Stand 4-5842

Transport Cooling inside the box (no more leaking melt water)

Tel: +31(0)252 340687 info@interfreshconcepts.com

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

53

technology

AB SEAC upgrades the FPM-300

Filleting machine for twenty gram fish

T

he Swedish manufacturer of processing equipment SEAC AB has launched a new filleting machine for very small fish, the FPM-300, which can process fish down to 45 to 50 pieces per kilo in size and even smaller. The company has historical links to Arenco-KM AB, a company that used to be one of the leading manufacturers of processing machinery and the FPM-300 is modelled on the the Arenco SFD-300. This machine goes back to the 50s and 60s and was originally designed to fillet sardines. This versatile and hardy machine is ideal for small and medium-sized companies. It can easily be moved from one

place to another, and is simple to handle, operate and maintain. If the size of the fish changes the machine can be quickly and painlessly adapted to the new size with a change in the infeed table. Altogether, over 1,000 machines have been sold all around the world and even today they can be found in processing factories, despite the fact that neither the table nor the frame are made of stainless steel.

Several adaptions for small fish The FPM-300 combines the durability of the SFD-300 with a number

of adaptations to reflect the needs of a modern-day processing operation. Today the FPM-300 is completely built of stainless steel and other food grade materials and is specially fitted with new parts and devices to enable it to handle very small fish. These include a new infeed table for smaller varieties of fish; redesigned infeed chutes for each species; remodelled components such as longer shafts and new guides to enable the processing of small fish; a stainless steel plate is now fitted to the plastic table; and finally, improvements in the material used in the machine,

for example, the main table is now in plastic rather than aluminium.

The FPM-300 is able to fillet 250 fish per minute and can process fish from with sizes from 28/30 to 45/50 fish per kilo using the special infeed table designed for very small fish. With a change in parts fish sizes of up to 6/8 pieces per kilo can be filleted. The small fish will be processed into butterfly fillets skin on, as with such small sizes it is not practicable to produce single fillets skin off, this must be done manually. However, with the bigger fish a special “single fillet device” can be attached to the machine.

New whitefish species tested

The FPM-300 is fitted with a new infeed tray specially designed for small species of fish

54 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

Speeds are up to ten times faster than manual filling and reach 250 fish a minute with four operators.

Early versions of the machine were first seen in operation in Croatia where it is used to fillet the smaller sardines fished in the Adriatic Sea. The experience gained there was used to further develop the machine to fillet small fresh water fish, vendace, in northern Sweden. Here too the machine successfully produced high yields and neat fillets.

The next challenge was anchovy, which was again tested in Croatia, and now a machine has been successfully installed at a processing plant in Peru for this species. Other species including red mullet and horse mackerel have also been tested and the results have been good. However the most promising species are small whitefish like western school sillago (Sillago bassensis) that are exported to Japan and today are manually filleted in the Far East and China.

it us: Please vis ls E Brusse ESE / SP pril 2009 28 - 30 A oth 6155 Hall 4, Bo

SALMCO Technik GmbH ¡ Hamburg ¡ Germany Tel.: +49 40 713 14 72 ¡ E-Mail: info@salmco.com ¡ Internet: www.salmco.com

technology

Salmco

Inauen

Slicing ­machines Several packaging machines on appropriate for the meat industry display at ESE

T

he Hamburg-based producer of salmon slicing machines for fresh and smoked fish as well as turnkey solutions for the processing industry, Salmco Technik GmbH, celebrates its twentyfifth anniversary this year.

In January the company achieved a break through that enabled a Swiss customer using an SM-5290

machine with a capacity of about one tonne per shift to cut smoked chicken breast into perfect slices.

What is notable is that the slices can be can be cut along the length or the width of the meat.

Salmco’s slicing machines can thus be used not only for a variety of fish species, but also for meat products.

V

C-999 is the brand name for a range of packaging machinery manufactured by the Swiss company Inauen, that has been supplying the market for the last thirty-five years. The range includes complete packaging solutions: rollstock thermoformers, tray sealers, vacuum chamber machines and conveyorized chamber machines for small and medium-

The VC-999 series of rollstock thermoformers can be deployed wherever large numbers of identical packages are needed. The machines are extremely efficient, creating the packages online from one type of film that can be either rigid or soft and sealing the package with another film on top.

The design is modular enabling various adaptations depending on the customer’s requirements and the machine can The RS Compact, a compact rollstock thermoformer requires only 2.5 sq. m of space, yet can be used for MAP, skin packaging, or sealing

sized businesses but also for all industrial production needs.

At the European Seafood Exposition the company will display a new modified atmosphere packaging solution based on biopackaging. All the material used in the packaging is biodegradeable and made from renewable resources.

The trays and film are made of PLA (polylactic acid), a corn-based product, while the pads and labels are made from a cellulose-based biodegradeable product. None of the components differ in appearance from conventional non-biodegradeable products.

56 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

also be integrated with dosing, weighing, printing, and labelling equipment.

Inauen will display its RS420 and RS Compact machines at the ESE in April.

The tray sealer TS1300 will also be on display at the VC-999 stand at the ESE. This versatile machine for small and mdium sized businesses can seal pre-made trays with or without modified atmosphere. The trays are placed on the conveyor manually or using an automatic denester and leave the machine after the sealing cycle again on a conveyor. The TS series extends from small machines to fully automated inline equipment for industrial operations.

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trad e + m a r k e t s

Laksekonferansen 2008, Oslo

The market for salmon in a time of uncertainty

Salmon exporters hope that the financial crisis will not have an impact on their sales in Russia.

reason for the increased Chilean production was the accelerated harvest of salmon and various biological changes which will be reflected in lower production levels in 2009.

On 27-28 November 2008 Norway organized a national mariculture conference in Oslo where highly topical issues such as the recent difficulties in specific markets, the impact of the financial crisis on the salmon industry, and future production and trade, were discussed. Industry analysts forecast the fol-

T

he salmon industry is the major growth area in the farmed fish sector in Europe and one that has been forecast by industry experts to be one of the most solid in the light of the present economic and financial uncertainty.

lowing changes in the main producer countries in 2009:

in the overall supply for 2009 is expected to be -5% to 0% depending on the extent of reduction in

Overall decline in production forecast for 2009 In the past several years global farmed salmon supply enjoyed good and stable growth due to increases in production from Norway and Chile. However, growth 58 Eurofish Magazine 1â&#x20AC;&#x2030;/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2009

Chilean output. In 2008, the main growth was attributed to Norway (7%) and Chile (6%). But, the

World production of farmed salmon in 1,000 tonnes Norway Chile UK Canada Faeroe Islands Australia Ireland USA Others Total

2003 507 281 146 90 56 14 16 16 5 1131

2004 537 343 139 87 38 15 12 14 3 1188

2005 573 379 119 103 16 16 12 10 3 1247

2006 600 370 125 115 13 16 15 10 3 1270

2007 725 355 140 110 20 20 15 12 3 1400

2008 775 375 145 110 25 20 15 12 3 1480

2009* 865 250 152 110 38 20 15 12 3 1465

Source: FAO (*analyst estimates)

- Norway will raise its salmon output by about 10-12%. The main reasons for the increase are good growth of fish with higher average weight, less disease in fish, continuing good market demand, and lower competition form Chile; - Chilean salmon production will be highly uncertain with a decline by approximately 30% to 40% due to various challenges including fish diseases, algal blooms, water temperature, and production and labour crisis;

- The UK will remain relatively stable with production at 0-5% because of biological issues such as the spread of sea lice; - Faeroe Islands will most probably increase its production up to 40% due to the good demand from the EU and small production volumes in this self-governing autonomous region of Denmark; - Production in Canada, Ireland and the USA will remain flat at 0-2% as the slower growth rates in the past years have reduced further growth accordingly.

Record production in Norway in 2008 Representing half the world’s salmon production, Norway delivered 775,000 tonnes of salmon in 2008. The most important reasons for the stable growth have been control of the biological production process (automatic feed systems, innovative techniques in farms, genetic breeding programmes), improved immunization, treatment of disease, and a highly efficient global marketing programme.

“Consumer demand for Norwegian salmon is high in spite of

Example: Russian market In October 2008 Russian analysts noted a slowdown in the trade activity on the Moscow market which is typically very active in the last quarter of the year. As a consequence of the financial crisis at the beginning of October 2008 many Russian fish companies faced problems obtaining credits for their wholesale purchases. Representatives from retail chains admitted to the same problem. After being denied capital by the banks, the retail chains in turn delayed payment for goods received. As a result, product shelves in some stores became significantly emptier.

After an active injection of money by the Russian Central Bank at the end of October, banks started to issue credits but at higher annual interest rates (from 15% to 18-25%). This has created additional pressure upon the rise of fish prices.

In the present situation many Russian companies have had to close unprofitable product lines and reduce other costs. In particular, importing companies started to import salmon in small quantities in order to avoid storing products in warehouses. Most companies stopped working with payment in installments and switched to 100% advance payment.

Source: Fishnet Magazine “Overview of the fresh and frozen fish market in Moscow”, October 2008, www.fishnet.ru

the financial turmoil in 2008 and the prospect of reduced spending power in many of Norway’s most important seafood markets.

The total production of Atlantic salmon from Norway has never been higher and at the same time the average price for fresh salmon has been good throughout 2008”, says Paul Aandahl, market analyst in the Norwegian Seafood Export Council.

Norwegian exports of salmon also hit a record figures in 2008 reaching 722 500 tonnes (round tonne equivalents) which is 22 000 tonnes more than in 2007.

The value of salmon exports amounted to NOK 18 billion. The main markets for the Norwegian salmon were the European Union (481,000 tonnes), eastern Europe (71,000 tonnes) and Asia (64,000 tonnes). In Europe, France is by

far the largest market for Norwegian salmon, followed by Poland which overtook Denmark for the first time. The reason Denmark lost its position as the second largest European importer of Norwegian salmon was that local smokehouses had been transferred to Poland for cost efficiency. In eastern Europe, the Russian Federation keeps its leading position followed by the Ukraine.

Chile, the world’s second largest producer The second largest producer of salmon in the world is currently facing various problems which will result in drastically reduced production in 2009. The current harvest volumes are mainly affected by poor growth rates, early harvest in 2008 (species less than 2 kg), diseases, and issues such as changes in water temperature and algal blooms. However, it is evident that in addition to these difficulties, there are other significant problems in Chile relating, in particular, to labour and institutions.

The national salmon industry was criticised for being unsustainable a few years ago. Due to labour issues and its impact on the environment several non-governmen-

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

59

trad e + m a r k e t s

tal institutions and trade unions set up new bodies to monitor the industry.

Salmon farms were criticized for their heavy use of antibiotics and for the large amount of fish feeds and fish faeces that ended up in the waters below the offshore pens depleting the oxygen needed by marine species in the surrounding ocean. It has also been linked to toxic “red tide” algal outbreaks. Processing establishments have been put under the microscope beecause of labour complaints about occupational health problems.

One of the characteristics of the present crisis is the fact that sanitary issues have been handled separately from environmental questions. Present solutions elaborated by industry experts include voluntary measures to improve the health situation including more efforts into research and development.

Should production in Chile be shifted?

Concerning production, there have been many suggestions to move a large part of the industry from the Region of Los Lagos (where nearly 90% of the salmon industry is currently located) to the Region Aysen and Region Magallanes to obtain more space, deeper waters, better possibilities for zoning and less disease. However, opponents of the idea point out the problems with this approach, such as longer distances, limited infrastructure and services, limited availability of local labor and necessity for a new production structure which includes platforms, feed systems, transportation of people and other. Both Norwegian and Chilean fish experts opine that the movement of production to another region will

Global growth in salmon production in 2009 is projected to stem almost exclusively from Norway.

not solve but only postpone the existing problems.

At the conference Bjørn Hersoug outlined three long-term development scenarios: - “Business as usual” which implies a short downturn (2-3 years) and then adjustment and continued growth; - “Permanent crisis” which results in new disease problems and low productivity in the farming operations; - “A new regime” which is based on slower growth, stricter regulations and more effective monitoring and control.

Although Chile has managed to get through several difficult crises before, there will be no quick solution for the present state of the Chilean salmon industry, where 40% of the invested capital is foreign (mainly from Norway, the Netherlands, Japan and Spain). According to conservative estimates, the production drop in 2009 will be at least 30% getting down to 250,000 tonnes or lower from 357 000 tonnes in 2008.

60 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2009

Chile exports salmon to more than 100 countries in the world and 70% of all salmon exports are valueadded products. In 2008, the USA was the largest market for Chilean salmon (140,000 tonnes), followed by the EU (53,000 tonnes), Brazil (40,000 tonnes), Asia (30,000 tonnes) and East-Europe (8,000 tonnes).

Impact of the financial crisis on salmon prices The effect of the crisis in world financial markets on the fish industry in general and salmon industry in particular has been reflected in the following main issues: credit tightening, customer behavior, and future demand and price development.

The difficulties faced by banks and the severe tightening in credit markets are leading to 1. reduced flexibility in the equity and financial markets, 2. tighter conditions for issuance of letters of credit, 3. increased risk of losses on company accounts and 4. higher unpredictability (exchange rates, cost of raw materials, and interest costs).

Those issues have a strong effect on international trade and many fish companies have already started to change their purchasing strategies by making smaller and more frequent orders rather than signing long-term contacts and holding large inventories, and are limiting the development of new brands or closing some product lines.

Demand for salmon may not be affected by the crisis The financial crisis obviously influences consumer behavior in many sectors. The first reaction of shoppers to the economic slowdown is to exhibit a certain degree of restrictions on their shopping, especially in the luxury life style and segments such as restaurant visits, holidays and luxury items.

However, the food industry has traditionally been less exposed to fluctuations in the economic and financial developments.

Consumer food preferences are usually less affected in a period

of decline, unless they are luxury grocery products.

This raises the question, will fish products, and in particular, salmon be considered a luxury? Most industry experts agree that reduction in demand for salmon is unlikely. Salmon will be relatively more protected during a recession compared to other fish species due to its popularity, health and nutritional values and a high degree of recognition in various markets.

Though the crisis could have a certain effect on the positive growth in the salmon industry in Russia, Poland and Ukraine, consumer behavior is not always predictable. For example, demand for “ready-to-eat” convenience food should be less because it is more expensive compared to usual “home-made food”. However, research conducted by GfK Austria shows that “Russians continue to consume goods that save their time and money. Consumption of ready-to-eat food or products which require minimum preparation and can save people’s time significantly increased in 2008”.

One Russian importer said that “Moscow will continue to eat expensive fish as always regardless of anything.” Since salmon is not an exotic or very expensive species and is highly popular among different consumer groups, its position seems to be more protected compared to other more vulnerable fish species and decline in consumer demand is unlikely.

Prices in 2009 will also depend on production in Chile During the financial crisis, cost reduction in several segments of the global salmon industry such as raw material costs, fuel and transportation, reductions or at

least no increases in labor cost are possible and for that reason production costs in 2009 could be lower.

All those factors should lead to an increased supply and thus downward pressure on prices; however, considerable reductions in Chilean production can change the situation. Norwegian production is expected to have increase at 10-12% in 2009, but Chilean production is expected to fall leading to considerable drop in the global supply.

The forecast for salmon prices in 2009 is therefore somewhat higher than the present level taking into account that Norway will stand for nearly all the growth in global salmon production next year.

According to Paul Aandahl, the average export price of fresh Norwegian salmon in 2008 was NOK 26.95 per kg, which is NOK 0.5 higher than in 2007. At the same time, the export volume increased by 22,000 tonnes in the same year. In the last four weeks of 2008 (weeks 44-47), one could see a positive price development by 8%, whereas volume records decreased by 0.7%.

Average prices in January 2009 were slightly up, by about 1% in NOK. In addition, Norwegian exporters have also been experiencing a weakening of the national currency compared to EURO and USD. The outlook for the next year looks quite solid and the market price for salmon in 2009 is expected to be moderately higher since global demand is expected to grow by 4-5% whereas global supply is projected to decrease by 0-5%.

However, 2010 is going to be more difficult for producers if the situation in Chile does not stabilise.

Katia Tribilustova, Eurofish

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