Scar Of Absence |Memorial Project | Architecture Thesis |Farah AL-Refaae by F A R A H

SCAROF ABSENCE

MEMORI AL PROJECT arch. ASEEL ZOURI QAT I SRA UNI VERSI TY wi nter 2019

THES I SPROJ ECT

F I RS TS EMS TER,2 0 1 92 0 2 0 ENG. AS EELZOURI GAT BY: F ARAHALS MAI R

ACKNOW LEDGM ENT

Fa r a hAl s m a i r

THESIS ABSTRACT Thec hangest hemi ddl eeas tr egi onwasex pos edt o, r eﬂec t edheav i l y oni t sc ur r entc ul t ur al s t at e. Fr om pr ac t i c esoft heot t omanst o Pal es t i ni anl i t er at ur et owes t er nmedi a, t hi spr oj ec thi ghl i ght sc ul t ur al c hangesi nahi s t or i c al f r amewor k . Thi spr oj ec tﬁndst hec ommon gr oundt hemi ddl eeas ts har esi nt er msofc ul t ur al s i mi l ar i t i est o emphas i z et heuni t yoft hemi ddl eeas tr egi ons t r et c hi ngf r om Nor t h Af r i c a, t heAr abi anGul ft ot heLev ant .

Wear eonenat i onWear eoneL and.

INDEX PROJECT DEFINITION

INTRODUCTION

ARAB COUNTRIES

GENERAL FACTS

ARABIAN ISLAND THE ORIGIN OF ARABS

THE ARABS SECTIONS

GEOGRAPHY OF THE ARAB LAND

THE OTTOM AN EM PIRE

TIM ELINE EFFECTS

CULTURES OF RESISTANCE

M USEUM S 43

INTRODUCTION HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

THE EVOLUTION OF M USEUM S CONCEPT

TIM ELINE

INDEX M EM ORIAL ARCHITECTURE M EM ORIAL ARCHITECTURE OBJECTIVES

56 58

PROJECT OBJECTIVE

REASONS FOR ESTABLISHING THIS THE PROJECT PROJECT DIM ENTIONS

PROJECT JUSTIFICATIONS

67 69

BeneямБci ari es Enti ti es

USERS

USERS AIM S

DESIGNER AIM S

79 85

LA STORIA M USEUM

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

115

JEW ISH M USEUM BERLIN

143

INDEX SITE ANALYSIS SITE PROFILE

183

SITE CONTEXT

185

LOCATION

187

HISTORY OF THE SITE

189

SITE DATA

191

CLIM ATE

193

ACCESSIBILITY

197

STREETS DETAILES

199

SOLID & VOID

203

VIEW S SITE BOUNDRIES

205

SW OT ANALYSIS

209

PROGRAM

211

CONCEPT

229

207

IN TR O D U C TIO N

Cul t ur e,as har eds etoft r adi t i ons ,bel i ef

Thes ear mchai rexpl or er sconj ur edup

s ys t ems ,andbehavi or s ,i ss hapedbyhi s t or y ,

compet i ngi magesofades er tr egi on

r el i gi on,et hni ci dent i t y ,l anguage,and

popul at edbynomadsandcamel sand,of

nat i onal i t y ,amongot herf act or s .TheMi ddl e

cour s e,pyr ami ds ,butal s obr i mmi ngwi t hal l

Eas tcons i s t sofappr oxi mat el y22count r i es ,

mannerofs weetands avor yt r eat si n

wi t hmanydi ﬀer entr el i gi onsandavar i et y

bus t l i ngur banbaz aar s .Dur i ngt he20t h

ofet hni candl i ngui s t i cgr oups .Gi vent hi s

cent ur y ,s t or i esaboutt heMi ddl eEas thave

di ver s i t y ,wes houl dnotbes ur pr i s edt oﬁnd

t endedt of ocusonoi lweal t h,t er r i t or i al

amul t i t udeofdi ﬀer entcul t ur escoexi s t i ng

war s ,andr el i gi ousconﬂi ct s .Al loft hes edo

i nt her egi on.[1]

exi s t ,butt her ei smuchmor et ol i f ei nt hi s [ 1] ar ea.

St e r e o t y p e sa b o u tt h eMi d d l eEa s t Dur i ngt he19t hcent ur y ,t r ans l at i onsoft he Ar abi anNi ght sandar chaeol ogi caldi s cover i es i nEgyptdomi nat edt hei magi nat i onsofpeopl e i nt heWes twhohadnevervi s i t edt heMi ddl e Eas t .[1]

Acommont hr eadt hatr unst hr oughmany l i vesi st hei mpor t anceoff ami l yandt he val uest hatder i vef r om havi ngas t r ong ext endedf ami l y:r es pect , [ 1] honor ,andl oyal t y .

ReligionintheculturesoftheMiddleEast TheMi ddl eEas ti st hebi r t hpl ac eofJ udai s m, Chr i s t i ani t y , and I s l am, al l monot he i s t i cr e l i gi onst hatgr e wf r om t hes ame t r adi t i on. Eac hr e l i gi onus e dt het e x t sf r om e ar l i e rgr oups , and s ot he ys har emanyr ul e sandbe l i e f s . Al l t hr e es har eat r adi t i on ofpr ophe t s , f r om Adam andAbr aham t oS ol omonandJ os e ph. J e s usi ss i gni ﬁc antf orbot hChr i s t i ani t yandI s l am, andMus l i ms i naddi t i onf ol l owt het e ac hi ngsofMuhammad. Thepoorr e l at i onsbe t we e nI s r ae l andmos tofi t sAr ab ne i ghbor sar es ome t i me sde s c r i be di nt e r msofape r pe t ual r e l i gi ousc onﬂi c tbe t we e nJ e wsandMus l i ms . Thi sr e adi ng, howe v e r , i st oos i mpl i s t i c . Al t houghc ont r ol ov e ri mpor t ant hi s t or i c al s i t e sofJ udai s m, Chr i s t i ani t y , andI s l am i saf ac t ori n t hedi s agr e e me nt s , manyoft hede t ai l st hats t al l ne got i at i ons [ 1] hav et odowi t hc ont r ol ofl andandac c e s st owat e rr e s our c e s .

Manylanguages,threefamilies Themul t i pl i c i t yofl anguage ss pok e ni nt heMi ddl eEas tr e ﬂe c t s i t se t hni cdi v e r s i t y . Mos toft he s el anguage sc omef r om t hr e e [ 1] maj orl anguage" f ami l i e s " :

S e mi t i c( i nc l udi ngAr abi c , He br e w, andAr amai c ) I ndoEur ope an( Kur di s h, Pe r s i an, Ar me ni an) T ur k i c( T ur k i s h, Az e r i )

Ethnicdiversityatthecrossroadsofcivilizations S i t uat e dbe t we e nAf r i c a, As i a, andEur ope , t heMi ddl eEas thas be e nac r os s r oadsf ort r ade r s , t r av e l e r s , ande mpi r ebui l de r sf or t hous andsofy e ar s . Af r i c ans , Ce nt r al As i ans , andCe l t shav eal l adde dt ot hee t hni cmi x . Maj ore t hni cgr oupsi nt heMi ddl eEas t t odayi nc l udeAr abs , I r ani ans( al s ok nownasPe r s i ans ) , T ur ks , J e ws , Kur ds , Be r be r s , Ar me ni ans , Nubi ans , Az e r i s , andGr e e ks . Mos toft hec ount r i e si nt hi sr e gi onar emul t i e t hni c . Bute v e nas [ 1] di v e r s i t ye nhanc e st hec ul t ur al r i c hne s sofas oc i e t y .

Thi smus e um t e l l st hepar t soft heAr abs t or y , t hehi s t or yofi t s l and, andf r agme nt st heAr abc ount r i e sandt heaf t e r mat hof t heoc c upat i ononAr abc ul t ur e . I tdi s pl ay st heAr abr e s i s t anc e t hats hape dt obedi ďŹ&#x20AC;e r e ntt y pe sofne war tc e nt e r e don f r e e dom andr e s i s t anc e . I nt hi st he s i s , I wi l l r e pr e s e ntt he c ul t ur al pr oduc t i ont hatc ameoutf r om t heoc c upat i oni nt he Ar abl and.

Ar a bCount r i e s [ 2] Twe nt y t woAr abc ount r i e sar ege ogr aphi c al l ydi v i de dbe t we e nAs i aandAf r i c a.

Pal esti ne

Syri a

Tuni si a

Jordan

Lebanon

I raq

Kuwai t

Bahrai n

Oman

UAE

Pal esti ne

Morocco

Yemen

Al geri a

Egypt

Sudan

Somal i a

Mortani a

Comoros

Dj i bouti

Li bya

General Facts TheAr abL andi sl oc at e di nt hehe ar toft hewor l di n t hemos ti mpor t ants t r at e gi car e asoft hewor l d, e x t e ndi ngf r om t heAt l ant i cOc e ant ot heAr abi an Gul fandt heAr abi anS e ai nt hes out ht oT ur k e yand [ 3] t heMe di t e r r ane anS e ai nt henor t h. TOTALAREA[3] I tc ov e r sanar e aof13487814S qk m, 1. 4t i me st he s i z eoft heUni t e dS t at e s . Al mos t22%oft heAr ab l andi sl oc at e di nAs i aand78%i nAf r i c a. TheAr ab c oas ti s22, 828k i l ome t e r sandi se qual t o1. 15US c oas t s . Po pul a t i on[3] Thepopul at i onoft hel andwor l di sabout291mi l l i on pe opl e , ac c or di ngt oe s t i mat e si n2000. 73%ofAr absl i v ei nt heAf r i c anpar toft heAr ab wor l d, 36%oft heAr abpopul at i onr e s i de si nt heNi l e Bas i n( Egy ptandS udan) , and17%oft heAr ab popul at i onr e s i de si nt heF e r t i l eCr e s c e nt( L e banon, J or dan, I r aq, S y r i aandPal e s t i ne ) . 9

Na t u r a lr e s our c e s TheAr abl andhase nor mousnat ur al r e s our c e s , pr oduc i ng60%oft hewor l d' soi l pr oduc t i on, andhas [ 3] mor et hant wot hi r dsoft hewor l d' soi l r e s e r v e s .

AgeCa t e gor i e s [ 3] Thepopul at i onoft heAr abL andi sdi s t r i but e dac c or di ngt oagegr oupsasf ol l ows :

Expor t sa ndi mpor t s TheAr abwor l de x por t s$267. 58bi l l i on, whi l e i mpor t soft heAr abwor l damountt o$171. 06bi l l i on. TheGCCi mpor t sne ar l y49. 22%oft heAr abl and i mpor t s , andt heAr abMaghr e bUni oni mpor t s22%of t het ot al Ar abi mpor t s . [ 3] Thear abl el andi nt heAr abwor l dc ons t i t ut e s.

Fa r ml a nd Thear abl el andi nt heAr abwor l dc ons t i t ut e s3. 63% ofi t sar e a, 30%i si nt heNi l eBas i n, 44%i si nt heAr ab Maghr e bUni on, 22%i nt heF e r t i l eCr e s c e nt , andt he [ 3] r e s ti nt heAr abi anPe ni ns ul a. 10

Arabi an i sl and Hi stori calBackground

The O rigin of

A rabs

Narrators and l i neages agreed that Adam,peace be upon hi m the father ofhumans and the first ofthem,has mul ti pl i ed hi s sons and bui l t the l and after hi m unti lNoah came out ofhi s descendants, and after the famous flood event most ofthe peopl e di ed,but the rest ofthem di d not trace offspri ng,and thus became Noah second father The geneal ogi sts al so agreed that the nati ons ofthe worl d had descended from Noah' s descendants afterward,where he had three sons,Ham,Sam,and Japheth.Sam,the second son,was the father ofthe Arabs.:Arphochth,Loath,Eram,Asho,and Gal i m .[4]

T he A rabs Sections Most ofthe narrators and hi stori ans have agreed to di vi de the ori gi n ofthe Arabs i n terms ofol di nto two cl asses: the ol d Arabs,Arabi zed Arabs.The Arabs were di vi ded accordi ng to thei r geneal ogy,namel y: Al -Qahtani thei r ori gi n goes back to Yemen. Adnani tes The Adeni tes are a branch ofthe Qahtanithey took Arabi c and [4] l earned i t.

T he D efunct A rabs The defunct Arabs are the Arabs who began and peri shed before the dawn ofI sl am,l eavi ng onl y the rui ns and news ofthei r ci vi l i zati ons.Hi stori ans i ncl ude the nomencl ature that appl i es to the Arab tri bes i ntended i n thi s cl ass,as these names are menti oned i n the name ofthe Arab Arabs i n the i ntroducti on to I bn Khal dun,ei ther because they are the ďŹ rst generati ons ofArabs or [4] an aďŹ&#x192; rmati on ofthe establ i shment ofArabi sm.

TheAr abAr abs The Arab Arabs are the QahtaniArabs who descend from the descendants ofQahtan as stated i n the Arabi c books,Qahtan i bn Abi ri bn Shal i kh i bn Arfakhshad i bn Sam i bn Noah,by agreement of most hi stori ans and l i neages as I bn Khal dun cal l s them Arabi zed Arabs;The Arabs and thei r tradi ti ons are generati onalprecedents; [4] that i s,they are i n a di ďŹ&#x20AC;erent state from thei r ancestors.

TheAr abi zedAr abs The Arabi zed Arabs are the thi rd cl asses ofthe Arab.They are descendants ofI sma' i li bn I brahi m peace be upon them and hi s Jurmi sh wi fe,Ra' l a bi nt Muddah i bn Amr al Jahrami ,They were cal l ed the Arabi zed Arabs for thei ri ntegrati on i nto the Arab Arabs, [4] and then took the Arabi cl anguage.

Arabs i nhabi ta l arge pl ot ofl and between twel ve and ďŹ fteen square ki l ometers.Thi s pl ot i ncl udes the l argest part ofWest Asi a and North Afri ca and i nhabi t thi s vast area at l east two hundred mi l l i on peopl e One thi rd i si n West Asi a and two thi rds i n Afri ca. A ab worl The Ar d occupi es an excel l ent geographi call ocati on,where three conti nents meet,namel y Europe,Asi a and Afri ca.The Arab worl di s surrounded by naturalborders on each si de,i n the north the Medi terranean Sea,the mountai ns ofTaurus and Zagros,the south ofthe tropi caldesert and the I ndi an Ocean,i n the east the Arabi an Gul fand from the west the Atl anti c Ocean. Si nce these borders make the Arab worl d al one regi onaldi sti ncti ve and that el i mi nated externalfactors and pol i ti caland economi c ambi ti ons on thi s uni t ful l y di vi ded the Arab worl di nto many countri es and States. There i s no doubt that the cul turaluni ty that shades the Arab country i s one ofthe most di sti ncti ve marks as the Arabi cl anguage i s the l anguage ofal lArabs i n the Arab worl d and that the I sl ami c rel i gi on i s the rel i gi on ofthe maj ori ty ofArabs,who make up more [4] than 90% ofthe popul ati on ofthe Arab worl d.

The Arab worl di ncl udes two Parts,one i n Asi a and the other i n Afri ca The Asi an pavi l i on i ncl udes the fol l owi ng:Ferti l e Crescent (I raq,Syri a,Jordan, Pal esti ne and Lebanon)Western Square (Ki ngdom ofSaudiArabi a,Yemen, Kuwai t,Qatar,Bahrai n,Uni ted Arab Emi rates and Oman The Afri can pavi l i on i ncl udes)Egypt,Sudan,Dj i bouti ,Mauri tani a,the Ki ngdom ofMorocco,Li bya,Tuni si a and Al geri a). Despi te the transfer ofpower center from Mecca and then Medi na to Baghdad and then Damascus and Cai ro I t found a common uni t between the Arab countri es based on the l anguage and I sl ami c rel i gi on,sex,l and and common hi story,where the strength ofthi s uni ti s the I sl ami c cul ture and spi ri tual uni ty and the l i nk ofrel i gi ous authori ty wi th the temporalpower as the cal i ph i s a rel i gi ous and pol i ti call eader as the pri nci pl es ofbrotherhood and equal i ty taken from the I sl ami c rel i gi on break down barri ers Among peopl e wi thout regard to col or or sex. Whatever the case,the Arab worl d was exposed to i nternaldi vi si ons after the col l apse ofthe Abbasi d cal i phate,whi ch l ed to the establ i shment ofI sl ami c states throughout the Arab worl d,but di d not separate from the I sl ami c cal i phate. At the begi nni ng ofthe si xteenth century,the Arab worl d was di vi ded i nto a number ofcountri es,the l argest ofwhi ch were the Maml uks and the state of BeniMureen i n Morocco and to a number ofi ndependent Emi rates such as the Sul tanate ofMuscat and Yemen. As wel las,the exi stence oftwo I sl ami c states,namel y the Ottoman Empi re i n the Bal kans and the Safavi d state i n [4] I ran and I raq. 20

The Ottoman Turks entered Asi a Mi nor i n the ďŹ rst thi rd of the thi rteenth century as a tri be and i n a submerged vi l l age i n the northwestern part ofthe Anatol i an Turks establ i shed thei r emi rate at the end ofthe thi rteenth century and because ofi ts l ocati on near the Byzanti ne l ands,the Ottoman Empi re oversees the commerci altransportati on l i ne l i nki ng Cons[anti nopl ei n the ci ty ofKonya. [4] (12171917).

Nat i onal Uni t y

EFFEC TS

Pal es t i ni ancul t ur epr oduct i onhi s t or i cal l y echoedands hapedanat i onali dent i t y s t r uggl i ngt os ur vi ve.Bot hPal es t i ni an r es i s t anceandi t scul t ur epr oduct i onhavea l onghi s t or y .Yet ,wi t ht hees t abl i s hmentof t hePal es t i nel i ber at i onor gani z at i on( PL O)i n 1964,muchPal es t i ni anar tbecomemor e s ys t emat i cal l yapl at f or mf ort henat i onal i s t r es i s t ancemovement .ThePL O’ s r evol ut i onar y1960sand1970sper i ods aw t hebi r t hofwhatmanynowcons i der hi ghl i ght sof” cl as s i cal ”Pal es t i ni anar t f or ms ,s uchasGhas s anKanaf ani ’ sl i t er at ur e, Mahmouddar wi s h’ spoems ,ands ul ei man [ 8] Mans our ’ spai nt i ngs .

These movements i n Pal esti ne cul tures ofresi stance are wi tness to the cl ose connecti on between art and pol i ti cs.Yet most mai nstream academi cl i terature on the Arab worl d’ s pol i ti calsystems and cul tures tends to pay scarce attenti on to the cul turepol i ti cs nexus. Wi th the popul ar upri si ng that erupted i n severalcountri es across the Mi ddl e East and North Afri ca from 2011 onwards,street protests i n the form ofordi nary peopl e’ s creati ve and chal l engi ng arti sti c expressi ons-coul d no l onger be l eft unnoti ced. From Tahri r square to GeziPark,publ i c spaces came to be i nhabi ted by graﬃ ti ,musi c,art, and performances,whi ch engendered and conveyed new aﬀecti ve and pol i ti calti es.Academi c and non-academi c wri ti ng i ncreasi ngl y emphasi zed the pervasi veness ofart and musi ci n streets,squares l , factori es,and nei ghborhoods where crowds gathered and protests assembl ed. for exampl e "i n 1964,much Pal esti ni an art became more systemati cal l y a pl atform for the nati onal i st resi stance movement", whi l ei nl ebanon smal lregugee bands grew to express thei r status through hi phop musi cl i ke kati ba 5 band. A case i n poi nt i s Tuni si an rap arti st ElGènèral .The mai nstream medi a cel ebrated hi m as the voi ce ofthe Tuni si an upri si ng and descri bed hi s song ”Rai s Lebl ed” whi ch di rectl y targeted former presi dent Zi ne El [8] Abdi ne Ben Al i ,as the ”anthem” ofthe revol uti on.

M useum s I ntroducti onH and Hi stori calBackground

IN TR O D U C TIO N

Whent hear chi t ect ur ei st hear tofdes i gni ng

I twasdevel opedovercent ur i esunt i li t

as pacef orcer t ai npur pos es ;t he

becameas epar at ebui l di ngwi t hs peci al

ar chi t ect ur aldes i gnoft hemus eum i st he

ar chi t ect ur alchar act er i s t i cs .Thi st hes i s

abi l i t yt ocr eat eas peci alandi ns pi r i ng

di s cus s est heevol ut i onoft hemus eum

envel op,whi chpr ovi desi t svi s i t or swi t h

ar chi t ect ur ef r om t heB.Ct i l lnow,i nor der

di ďŹ&#x20AC;er entexper i ences ,accor di ngt oi t s

t os t udyi t sevol vi ngci r cums t ances ,whi ch

cul t ur almes s age.I tbecamet hemai npl ace

hadmanagedi t sdes i gnconceptandt he

f orpr es er vi ngar t wor ks ,i nvent i ons ,and

newdes i gnt echnol ogi es ,whi chi saďŹ&#x20AC;ect i ng

humanachi evement s .Thear chi t ect ur al

[ 11] i t sdes i gnnowadays .

des i gnofmus eumshaspas s edt hr ough manys t agesf r om t heons etoft heconcept ofcr eat i ngas pacet opr es er vear t i f act s , unt i li tbecamenowt hemai ncul t ur aland educat i onalbeaconf orcommuni t i es ,whi ch madei tf r om t hemos ti mpor t antbui l di ng t ypes .

M useum s H istorical B ackground 1Ac c or di ngt ot heanc i entGr eekc i v i l i z at i onandmy t hol ogy , whi c hwasbas edonbel i ev i ngi nt heex i s t i ngofgods , t hewor d“ Mus e” r ef er st o“ TheGodofi ns pi r at i on”or“ Thepr ot ec t orofAr t s ” , andt hewor d“ Mous ei on”r ef er st o“ Thes eatofMus e” 2-Dur i ngt heRomaner a, t hewor dMus ewasr ef er r i ngt o“ Thepl ac esofmedi t at i onandphi l os ophi c al di s c us s i ons . "

Thewor dMus eum wasfir s tus edi nt he15t hc ent ur yi nEur opef ordes c r i bi ngLor enz ode’ Medi c i ’ swor k si nFl or enc e. Byt he17t h c ent ur y , i twasus edt odes c r i bet heEur opeanar t i s t swor kl i k eOl eWor m. I nEngl and, t hear tc ol l ec t i onc at al ogueofJ ohn Tr ades c anti nLambet hwast i t l edMus aeum Tr ades c ant i anum, whi c hwaspubl i s hedi n1656. Thepr oper t yc ol l ec t i onofTr ades c ant wasmov edt oEl i asAs hmol e, andt henhet r ans f er r edi tt oanewbui l di ngi nOx f or dUni v er s i t y , whi c hwasbui l tes pec i al l yt ohos t t hi sc ol l ec t i onuponAs hmol er eques tandnamedt heAs hmol eanMus eum. Af t ert hat , t hemus eum wasopenedt ot hepubl i ci n 1683, ac c or di ngl y , t heAs hmol eanmus eum wasc ons i der edt hefir s tol dmus eum bui l tont hemus eum c onc eptasnowaday sand al s ot hefir s tuni v er s i t ymus eum. [ 11]

M useum s H istorical B ackground Themus eum wasmov edt oanot herbui l di ngi nt heuni v er s i t y , andt heol dbui l di ngbec amea s c i enc emus eum. Subs equent l y , apar adi gm s hi f thasoc c ur r edi nt hec onc eptofmus eum, dur i ngt he19t hand20t hc ent ur ybec aus eoft her ev ol ut i onst ookpl ac ear oundt hewor l d, i n addi t i ont ot hewor l dwar s . Anewgener at i onofmus eumshasbeenemphas i z edaf t ert hi s t i me, byt hear c hi t ec t ur al pi oneer s . Ac c or di ngl y , t hedes i gnofamus eum bui l di nghas bec omeagr eatc hal l engef oranyar c hi t ec t , whi c hr eflec t st hei deol ogyoft hi ser a, and r emar k edasapr ogr es sf oranys c hool ofar c hi t ec t ur e. Att hi st i me, mus eumsar et hepl ac es f orpr es er v i nghi s t or y , appr ec i at i ngt hear t i s t i ci c ons , andr ec or di ngt hehumans c i enc e i nv ent s . Thev i s i t or sofmus eumsnowar ef r om ev er ypl ac e, di ffer entc ul t ur es , di ffer entages , andc omi ngf ordi ffer entpur pos es . [ 11]

Ac c or di ngt oI COM, t hemus eum i s“Anonpr oﬁt , per manenti ns t i t ut i oni nt hes er v i c eofs oc i et yandi t s dev el opment , opent ot hepubl i c , whi c hac qui r es , c ons er v es , r es ear c hes , c ommuni c at esandex hi bi t st he t angi bl eandi nt angi bl eher i t ageofhumani t yandi t senv i r onmentf ort hepur pos esofeduc at i on, s t udyand [ 11] enj oy ment”.

TheEvol ut i on Of TheMuseum concept [ 11]

From theanci entti mesto the21stcenturywi l lbedi scussed.Through thi s study,themai ni deol ogi esf ormuseumsi n each er a wi l lbehi ghl i ghted, passi ng through theemer genceofmuseum conceptand thechanges happened dueto thechangesofworl d cul turef orm hi gh to publ i ccul ture and how i tcoul d beaďŹ&#x20AC;ected bythenew di gi taldesi gn technol ogi es.

Museum ofAnci entt i me( B.C) . Thei dea ofestabl i shi ng a museum orexpressi ng i tbacksto theB. C ti me. Themuseum wasan i mportantf eaturei n theanci entschool sand l i br ari es. Duri ng therul eofthePhar aoh Akhenaten ( 13351353 B. C)a bi gl i br arywas bui l tupon hi srequesti n TalElAmarna regi on,i twasf ul lofanti quesand preci ouscol l ecti ons[ 5] .

MuseumsofMedi evalf r om t he5-15cent ur y Thespread ofChri sti ani tyduri ng themedi evalti mesi n Europeemphasi zed new changesi n therel i gi ousi deol ogyand cul tureofthi ser a,whi ch gavethe church a greati mportanceto pri ncesand di pl omats.Theartcol l ecti ons weremai nl ypreserved i n pri nces’ spal acesori n thechurch saf es. Col l ecti onshad a greati mportancef oreconomi calpurposes,asi thad been used f orf undi ng armsduri ng thewar .

MuseumsofRenai ssancef r om 15t h17cent ur y. Thepri nces’ s,nobl es’ s,and merchants’ spassi on ofcol l ecti ng cl assi cal anti queshasi ncreased morethan bef oretheRenai ssanceperi od ( 14001650) ,and spread al lovertheEuropean countri es.

CONCLUSI ON Abr i e fhi s t or yoft hemus e umse v ol ut i ons t ar t i ngf r om t heanc i e ntt i me s( B. C)asapar tofs c hool s andl i br ar i e s . The n, t hemus e umsoft heMe di e v al t i me si nEur ope , whi c hwasapar toft henobl e ’ s pal ac e sorapar toft hec hur c hpos s e s s i ons . Af t e rt hat , t hei nc r e as eoft henobl e ’ spas s i onofc l as s i c al c ol l e c t i onsdur i ngt heRe nai s s anc epe r i od. Byt het i me , s omepal ac e swe r et r ans f e r r e di nt omus e ums i nt hel at e17t hc e nt ur y . I nt he18t hc e nt ur y , i twast hebe gi nni ngoft hepubl i cmus e ums , andt he s t udyoft hear c hi t e c t ur eofmus e ums , whi c hwasl ook i ngl i k epal ac e satt heﬁr s tandt ur ne dt ot he Ne oc l as s i c al ar c hi t e c t ur e . I nt he19t hc e nt ur y , i twast hes t ar tofs pr e adi ngt hemus e um c ul t ur eal l ov e rt hewor l d. Dur i ngt he20t h c e nt ur y , ne wf ac t or s , i nc l udi ngt heWor l dWar s , r e v ol ut i ons , ar c hi t e c t ur epi one e r shade mphas i z e d ne wt y pe sofmus e umsands omec hange si nt hemus e umsc ul t ur al ande duc at i onal r ol e . Duet ot he par adi gm s hi f tofdi gi t al de s i gnt e c hnol ogyi nt he21s tc e nt ur y , whi c haﬀe c t e dt hear c hi t e c t ’ s pe r s pe c t i v eoft heupc omi ngmus e um de s i gns , andt hene wt e c hnol ogyofv i s i t i ngmus e ums [ 11] v i r t ual l y .

Hi s t o r yo fMu s e u msTi me l i n e[12] Thi sabr i e fhi s t or yofmus e umst hr ought i me sandhowt hei de asandt he me sc hange d

Theﬁr s tEngl i s hmus e um c al l e dt he As hmol e an, atOx f or dUni v e r s i t y

1683

TheEar l i e s tMus e ums

L ouv r eope ne dast heﬁr s tgr e at nat i onal ar tmus e um.

1793

J os e phBonapar t ewor k e d t ok e e pS pani s hpai nt i ngs f r om goi ngt oF r anc e .

1 7 9 8 Me tBar onDomi ni que Vi v ant De non, hi s s c hol ar s hi pl e dt oc hoos i ng goodmus e um obj e c t , i nc l udi ngt heRos e t t aS t one .

Napol e onandNat i onal Gl or y

Napol e anagr e e dt o di s t r i but e1, 508pai nt i ngi n 22c i t i e s .

De f e atatWat e r l oo, t he pai nt i ngsandar tobj e c t s c ol l e c t e dbyNapol e onwe r e t ak e nbac kt ot her i ght f ul owne r s .

1819 1819

1800

Napol e onandNat i onal Gl or y

Memeor i alARCHI TECTURE[13] Al ong wi th resi denti alarchi tecture,memori alarchi tecturei n thehi storyof humani tyrepresentstheol destf orm ofarchi tectur alacti vi ty.An i nevi tabl e and of ten themosti mportantpartofthearchi tectureofanci ent ci vi l i zati ons,memori alarchi tecturehasbui l ta materi all i nkbetween the earthl yman and thedi vi neormythi calcul t.Throughouthi story,the memori alarchi tecturegai nsnew meani ngsand archi tectur alf eaturesthat areaccompani ed bysoci aland cul tur aldevel opment.Accor di ngl y,archi tects i nterestoff orthenew spati aland aestheti cconsi der ati onsofthememori al obj ectsgrew.Af terbi g warsuďŹ&#x20AC;eri ng i n thetwenti eth century,memori al s becamei mportantpl acesofnati onalmemory.Thequesti on i show to start rememberi ng thehorror?How to keep thememoryofsomethi ng wewoul d pref erto f or get?TheSecond Worl d Warwasthemostdevastati ng mi l i tary conďŹ&#x201A;i cti n thehi storyofhumani ty,i mmeasur abl ei n termsofhuman l osses and materi aldamage.Theexperi enceand thef ateofthepri sonersi n the concentr ati on campsareparti cul arl yterri fyi ng chapter ,and deal i ng wi th thegenoci deofcertai n ethni cand r aci algroupsi n Europe,theheavybur den and obl i gati on ofeach subsequentgener ati on.Preservi ng thememoryofthe commi tted cri mesthrough musi cal i zati on ofthehi stori caldocumentsand arti f acts,conservati on ofthespacesofhorror ,r ai si ng monumentalcompl ex ortr ansf erofknowl edgeto theyoungestgener ati onsduri ng theeducati onal process,i spri mari l ya mor ali ssue[ 5] .TheSecond Worl d Warcr af ted our sensi ti vi tyto theethi csofmemoryand dr amati cal l ychanged our understandi ng ofthemechani sm ofcol l ecti vememory.Recoveryof Hi stori calMemoryofWorl d WarI Ibecomesparti cul arl yprobl emati ctoday when wehavef ewerl i vi ng wi tnessesoftheepoch and i ncreasi ng theti me and emoti onaldi stance.Memori alcompl exesrepresentthemedi a and ways ofcommuni cati on,thehol dersofthecommon remembr ance,actual l y materi al i zed memory. 57

Memeor i alARCHI TECTURE Obj ect i ves[13]

Uni tepeopl ewi th si mi l arexperi ences

Hel p usunderstand thepast

Creati on ofarchi tectureofremembr anceProvi desaccessto communi ti esthatcan provi desoci alsupport.

Createand col l ecta vari etyofi nf ormati on,i mpressi ons,and knowl edgeto f urtherundertheeventsi n thepresent

M em eorial A rchitecture I ti ski nd ofrecogni ti on ofone' s pasthi storyand whi ch shoul d betaken f orwar df orgener ati onsto come.

The m ain objective of the project: The mai n obj ecti ve ofthe proj ect i s to present the Arab hi story and real i ty wi th the ai m ofcreati ng a basi c publ i c awareness about thi s hi story and thi s key i ssue,i n response to the fal si ďŹ cati on ofthe facts that are happeni ng and the l oss ofthe ri ch hi stori caland cul turali denti ty possessed by Arab l ands as a cradl e ofmany i mportant rel i gi ons and hi stori calevents.

Reasons forest abl i shi ng t he proj ect :

Document the true Arab story

Awaken the sense ofbel ongi ng i n the Arab ci ti zen and renew the spi ri t ofbel ongi ng

Confronti ng cul turaloccupati on

To honor and honor the Arab revol uti ons and resi stance agai nst the occupati on.

The need for a pl ace to teach ki ds the true Arabi c story.

The scarci ty ofmuseums, associ ati ons and centers that know the Arab cause fai rl y

Proj ectDi mensi ons:

Th e o r e t i c a l Di mensi on

So c i a l Di mensi on

Themus e um i sas y mbol oft hehi s t or yof t heAr abs t r uggl eandt heAr abc onďŹ&#x201A;i c t , andt hephi l os ophi c al v i s i onsoft hec ul t ur e s oft heAr abwor l d.

Ae s t h e t i c Di mensi on

Mus e um wor kst oi ns t i l l as e ns eof uni t y&be l ongi ngi nofAr ab nat i onal i t i e s

En v i r o n me n t a l Di mensi on

I nt e gr at ebui l di ngwi t hl ands c apei naway t hatae s t he t i c al l yc ompl i me nt st hebui l di ng &c onc e pt . 67

Mak i ngt hepr oj e c te nv i r onme nt al l y s us t ai nabl e-opt i mi z i ngand l e v e r agi nge x i s t i ngr e s our c e s .

Fu nc t i o n a l Di mensi on Pr ogr ammat i cf unc t i onr e ďŹ&#x201A;e c t st heAr ab nar r at i v e

The Proj ectJust i fi cat i on

S t r e ngt he nt her e gi onwi t hs uc hapr oj e c tt o i nc r e as ec ul t ur al ande duc at i onal awar e ne s s

Thene e df orAr abs oc i e t yf ors uc hpr oj e c t s .

L ac kofs oc i al andc ul t ur al pr oj e c t si nt heAr ab r e gi ont hats uppor tt heAr abc aus emai nl y .

. Thepr oj e c ti sat our i s m pr omot e r

Benefi ci ari es Ent i t i es

I s the muni ci pal i ty ofthe Jordani an capi talAmman, whi ch i s responsi bl e for the provi si on ofpubl i c servi ces to ci ti zens i n the ci ty i n vari ous ďŹ el ds such as l i censi ng,hygi ene and numberi ng,as wel las i n the cul tural ,touri sm, sports and programs for chi l dren and others .

Supreme authori ty for cul turalheri tage preservati on an supervi si on ofal lacti vi ti es rel ated to cul ture.

The Mi ni stry,i n cooperati on wi th the pri vate sector and i n coordi nati on wi th the rel evant oďŹ&#x192; ci alauthori ti es, ai ms to encourage and devel op touri sm and devel op touri sm resources and i nvestment to i ncrease thei r contri buti on to support the nati onaleconomy and spread understandi ng among peopl es.

Benefi ci ari es Ent i t i esAi ms

Devel opi ng the l ocal Jordani an cul ture

Promoti ng touri sm for cul turaland economi c purposes.

Spreadi ng cul ture and educati ng the communi ty Provi di ng communi cati on between Jordani an and i nternati onalcul ture.

Expand the establ i shment ofcul turalcenters such as exhi bi ti ons,theaters and museums that contri bute to the advancement of soci ety.

Users

They are empl oyees ofadmi ni strati ve functi ons whether i n the Center after i ts establ i shment or i n the departments ofthe Secretari at or i n the Mi ni stry

A pri vate sector group has agreed wi th the Secretari at to contri bute to the proj ect for economi c beneďŹ t.

They are hi ghl evelpeopl e from the cul ture ofsci ence and ai m to spread thei r knowl edge and may be to achi eve materi alreturn.

Users

To keep the Arabi an case and the true hi story.

To tel lthe true story and resi st medi a mi si nformati on.

Know the facts and publ i sh them.

USERS Ai ms:

Educate the communi ty wi th the true story ofArab l ands Supporti ng the sense ofArab bel ongi ng Di ssemi nati ng the story to Arab and i nternati onal communi ti es Provi di ng educati onalpl aces for Arab chi l dren

USERS Ai ms:

Devel opi ng ski l l s and uti l i zi ng them i n communi ty devel opment Keepi ng abreast ofwhat i s happeni ng i n the Arab soci ety i n al lďŹ el ds Devel op i deas rel ated to cul ture and soci ali ssues for Arab soci eti es

Provi di ng the admi ni strati ve servi ces requi red i n the proj ect through the avai l abi l i ty ofoďŹ&#x192; ces Supervi se techni calmatters i n the proj ect through moni tori ng,securi ty and mai ntenance.

USERS Ai ms:

Fi nanci alsupport to the cul turaland soci almovement through the provi si on ofcapi tal Publ i c rel ati ons wi th vari ous i nternati onaland l ocalbodi es through l i ai son and rel ati ons oďŹ&#x192; ces. Keep the proj ect wi thi ni ts budget Compl eti on ofthe proj ect wi thi n the shortest possi bl e ti me

Desi gnerAi ms: Supporti ng the Arab cause i nl i ght ofthe current ci rcumstances and cul turalattacks Desi gni ng a pl ace that reďŹ&#x201A;ects Arab cul ture and i s proud ofi ts nati onal i sm Desi gni ng a touri st bui l di ng for vi si tors from al lover the worl d Provi de a space that i ncl udes al lthe requi red acti vi ti es accordi ng to the program ofthe proj ect Smooth i n connecti ng spaces to achi eve al lgoal s Taki ng i nto account the generalbudget ofthe proj ect The desi gn ofa uni que bui l di ng i s the ďŹ rst ofi ts ki nd. Harmony between the functi onaland aestheti c sol uti on i n the proj ect Get the most out ofbui l tup spaces.

Defi ni ng cri t eri at hrough t he obj ect i ves oft he benefi ci ari es: Cul t ural Supporting the Arab cultural movement and i n Jordan i n parti cul ar st andard

Symbol i c Promoting nationalbelonging by i ntroduci ng the i mportance ofcul ture st andard

Economi c Encourage the private and public sectors to undertake such proj ects. st andard

Pol i t i cal st andard

Soci al st andard

Cl ari fy pol i ti calhi story

Make a uni que attracti on i n the Si t e proposed l ocati on st andard

Hol di ng courses and educati onalvi si ts to exhi bi ti ons

Suggested Sites

Site Selection Jordan- M adaba Theban area is located in M adaba, accessible from M adaba Street, close to the D ead Sea. The project can be a tourist attraction.

Site Selection Corridor Abdoun Jordan Connecting the airport road and Abdoun and city centre. The plot is located in the Corridor Abdoun area, w hich is the new gatew ay to Am m an from the airport or the south It helps to introduce foreigners ntrodu com ing to Arabian Issue.

Site Selection

Airport Road-Jordan

Am m an N ew Gate.

LA STORIA M USEUM C A SE

P R O F IL E

TheMus e um c ont ai nsani nt e r ac t i v eanduni que e x pe r i e nc e , andani ndi r e c te duc at i onl s t y l ef ort he c ul t ur al e v e nt sandc ul t ur al e x pe r i e nc eoft hear e a.

LA STORIA M USEUM D E S C R IP T IO N

LaSt or i amus eum whi c hi sknownasTal eofJor danMus eum i sl oc at edi nMadabanearMountNeboand c ont ai nsmanyModel st el l i ngt hes t or i esandt al esofol dt i mes . Themus eum ov er l ooksAmmanwes t er nar eas , Sal tMount ai n, DeadSea, Jer i c hoandJer us al em Mount ai n. Tal eofJor danMus eum knownasLaSt or i awasf oundedi n2013andt hei deac amet os uppor tc oexi s t enc e bet weenr el i gi onsasi tc ont ai nsmodel st el l i ngt hepr ophet s ' s t or i ess uc hasbui l di ngofNoah' sAr ks t or y , and t hel i f eoft hePr ophetMos esandPr ophetJohnt heBapt i s tandJes uspeac ebeuponhi mi naddi t i ont ot he model sandc ut out sofGr andMos queandt heDomeoft heRoc kandt heHol yMos queandot her s . Themus eum al s odi s pl ay shandi c r af t sus edbyouranc es t or sl i k eF as hi onher i t agei nJor dan, Pal es t i neand Chec hny a, andanot hers ec t i onwi t hf or mt ak enbyt heSham l anesofs mal ls hopsandhous es . Themodel sar e [ 14] di s pl ay edwi t hs oundandl i ghteďŹ&#x20AC;ec t smaki ngi tc l os et or eal i t y . Themus eum i ss i mi l art ot hes t or yoft hec ul t ur alandher i t ages equenc eoft hear eawher et hes c ul pt ur ess how ev ent ss t ar t i ngf r om t heer aoft hePr ophetNoah, aswel lasdr es sf oral lt hepr ovi nc esoft heKi ngdom, Pal es t i ne, Chec hny a, Dr uz e, Ar meni ansandSy r i acandt heher i t aget ool st hatt heyus edandahous ewi t hal l i t s Bedoui nandher i t agec ont ent . Andi magest hathi ghl i ghtt heev ol ut i onoft hear medf or c esov ert heCi r c as s i ans , y ear sTheal s oc ont ai ns unus nuanc i enther i t ageexhi bi t st hats howt hevi s i t oranc i enthandi -c r af t sus edbyt hegr andpar ent saswel las [ 15] handi c r af t ss uc hasAr abes queandt r adi t i onalc r af t.

LA STORIA M USEUM L O

C A T IO N

Madabai sananc i e ntt owni n J or dan, s out hwe s toft hec api t al Amman. I t ’ sk nownf ori t s 6t hc e nt ur ymos ai cmapoft he Hol yL andi nt heGr e e kOr t hodox Chur c hofS t . Ge or ge . The MadabaAr c hae ol ogi c al Par k pr e s e r v e st hemos ai c r i c hChur c h oft heVi r gi nMar yandar t i f ac t s f r om t heHe l l e ni s t i c , Roman, By z ant i neandI s l ami ce r as . MadabaMap

J or danMap Themus e um i sl oc at e di nJ or dan, anAr abnat i onont he e as tbankoft heJ or danRi v e r , i sde ﬁne dbyanc i e nt monume nt s , nat ur er e s e r v e sands e as i der e s or t s . I t ’ shome t ot hef ame dar c hae ol ogi c al s i t eofPe t r a, t heNabat e an c api t al dat i ngt oar ound300B. C. S e ti nanar r owv al l e y wi t ht ombs , t e mpl e sandmonume nt sc ar v e di nt ot he s ur r oundi ngpi nks ands t onec l i ﬀs , Pe t r ae ar nsi t s ni c k name , t he" Ros eCi t y . "

S O L ID

V O ID

SOLID 90% VOID 10%

A C C E S S IB IT Y

Thes i t ei sl oc at e di nNe bo mount ai n. andhasonemai n e nt r anc ef r om Mai ns t r e e t. AL QUDSs t. , whi t h10m wi dt h.

ALQUDS-ST

100

LA STORIA M USEUM L A N D

TREE OF LI FE CENTER MAZAYEN NEBO RESTAURANT TELAL NEBO RESTURANT MOSAI C HOUSE ART & MOSAI CS NEBO MOUNTAN

101

M A R K

PANORAMA NEBO RESTAURANT

SITECONTOURLINES

208

S IT E

P LA N

M AIN ENT. FRO M ALQ UD S ST

BUI LDI NG AREA

102

SITECONTOURLINES

208

LA STORIA M USEUM

P LA N S

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

M USEUM CINEM A CAFATERIA ADM INISTRATION RECEPTION

PAZAAR OFFICES

THE BUILDING IS DEVIDED INTO TO PARTS

103

STORGE

FIRST

FLOOR PLAN

SHOTS

RESTURANT

KITCHEN WC OFFICES EXTERNAL STAIR

The second f l oori ncl udesa restur ant.where i ti s compl etl yi sol ated f rom f i rst f l oor .

104

LA STORIA M USEUM GROUND FLOOR : CIRCULATION

P LA N S M AIN ENT.

I ti snoti ceabl e thatthe styl e ofci rcul ati on i si n 1di recti on,to i l l ustr ate the conceptofthe museum,based on the i dea ofpresenti ng the chronol ogy ofthe eventsofrel i gi ous sequence i n the regi on & then char acter and l i f e ofthe rur aland the bedouni n. The I dea f rom separ ati ng the museum f rom the pazaar;i sto or gani ze the tr ack & preventcongesti on.

Oppossi te the museum exi t, there i sent.ofpazaar;to gui d the vi si tormovement. VISITORS M OVEM ENT

105

SH O TS

M AIN ENT.

CINEM A CAFATERIA

OUTDOOR SPACES WC

PAZAAR

106

LA STORIA M USEUM

P LA N S

Z O N IN G The real ati on i sweak between the two parts, and the goali sto separ ate them, due the speci f i c f uncti on and the obj ecti ve ofthe or gani azati on ofthe movement

SEM I PUBLIC 10% PUBLIC 65% SEM I PRIVATE 20% PRIVATE 5% 107

Z O N IN G

Begi nni ng wi th the chronol ogy of events and rel i gi onssi nce the second creati on of the human ti me ofnoah.

TowerofBabyl on.

Mesha stel e

TowerofBabyl on.

Mosesand the Tabl ets

The executi on ofj hon on the mountai nsof makawar .

The i sl ami c hol y si tes i n mecca and j erusal em and the ri tual sofHaj j . 108

LA STORIA M USEUM

P LA N S

Z O N IN G

Dressofal lthe provi ncesofthe ki ngdom , pal esti ne,chechnya, cri cassi ans,Druze, Armeni ans, Syri ac and the heri tage tool sthey used .

Tool s,Cl othi ng and i magesthathi ghl i ght the evol uti on ofthe armed f orcesoverthe years.

109

Z O N IN G

The l i f e ofJor dani an Badi a, through the a tentofhai rand pl ayi ng the machi ne Rababa, and some i ndustri es, and the l i f e of the Jor dani an countrysi de.

110

LA STORIA M USEUM

P LA N S

Anci enthandi cr af tsused by gr andparents,al ong wi th handi cr af tssuch asar abesque, tr adi ti onalcr af ts,agri cul ture and the al kuttab ,the vi si torcan see them pr acti ci ng thi sl i f e ,through a tourofthe vi l l age corrri dors.

111

Z O N IN G

Whi ch i ncl udesa workshop to achi eve the l ar gest mosai ci n the worl d.i thas created j obsf or41 peopl e where the pai ni ng are sol d mosai c PazaarQueen Rani a parti ci pated i n the work of the l ongestpl ate mosai ci n worl d wi th 5 mi l l i on pi eces.

112

LA STORIA M USEUM

113

P R O G R A M

Mai nEnt . 2. 4% ThePe r c e nt ageofe ac hz onewas c al c l at e dbydi v i di ng t hear e aofe ac hz one, TheGoal oft he pr oj e c ti spr i mar i l yat our i s tat t r ac t i on, s oi tgav eagr e atat t e nt i ont ot hede s i gn oft hee x hi bi t i on, t her e s t ur ant andt hepaz aar.

Gal l e r y 37%

Re s t ur ant 31. 9%

Gal l e r yCont ai n Re l i gi ousHal l Hi s t or y Be doui nl i f ehal l Rur al l i f eGal l e r y Hi r e t ageofhandc r af t Baz ar 25. 9%

114

Re c e pt i on 2. 3% Admi ni s t r at i on 0. 5%

115

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM 116

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM C A SE

P R O F IL E

118

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM W H Y

C H O O SE

T H IS

119

P R O JEC T

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM D E S C R IP T IO N

120

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM C O N C EP T

MASTERPLANGRI DI IFLATSI TE

MASTERPLANUSI NGTHESI TE COUNTOURSI ISL OPEDSI TE

TRANSFORMI NGLI NESWI TH I NTERACTEDCONTOURSPOI NTS

MOVI NG -EXPANDI NGDOWNTHE TERRACES 121

C O N C EP T

TELLI NGTHESTORY OFTHE CUL TURE LANDSCAPE, EVERYTERRACE CONSECATEDTONATI VEPLANTI NG FROM TOPTOBOTTOM .

PHASE1: HI LLTOPTERRACE

MASTERPLAN ALL OWSFORTHE FUTURE EXPANTI ON 122

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM L O C A T IO N

TheWe s tBanki sal andl oc k e d t e r r i t or yne art heMe di t e r r ane an c oas tofWe s t e r nAs i a, bor de r e d byJ or dant ot hee as tandbyt he Gr e e nL i nes e par at i ngi tand I s r ae l ont hes out h, we s tand nor t h. TheWe s tBankal s o c ont ai nsas i gni ﬁc ants e c t i onof t hewe s t e r nDe adS e as hor e . WES TBANK

PAL ES TI NEMAP Pal e s t i ne , oﬃc i al l yt heS t at eofPal e s t i ne , i sadej ur e s ov e r e i gns t at ei nWe s t e r nAs i ac l ai mi ngt heWe s tBank andGaz aS t r i pwi t hEas tJ e r us al e m ast hede s i gnat e d c api t al , al t houghi t sadmi ni s t r at i v ec e nt e ri sc ur r e nt l y l oc at e di nRamal l ah.

123

Bi r z e i t-WES TBANK

L O C A T IO N

HUBWI THAWORL DWI DECONNECTI ONS

ALQUDS-ST

HUBWI THAREGI ONL ACONNECTI ONS

124

125

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM Thes t onebui l di ng, l oc at e dont heout s k i r t soft he We s tBankuni v e r s i t yt ownofBi r z e i t , hope st ot e l l t hes t or yoft hePal e s t i ni anpe opl eandwhatt he y c ons i de rt obet heNak ba, ordi s as t e r , whe nt hous andsofPal e s t i ni answe r edi s pl ac e daf t e rt hec r e at i onoft heS t at eofI s r ae l i n1948. Al l ar c hi t e c t ur ei spol i t i c al , par t i c ul ar l yt hePal e s t i ni anMus e um. I ti snoc oi nc i de nc et hatt hene w Pal e s t i ni anMus e um atBi r z e i t , ne arRamal l ahi n t hec e nt r eoft heWe s tBank , ope ne di t sdoor si n mi dMay , whe nPal e s t i ni ansar oundt hewor l d c omme mor at et heNak ba. Thet e r m, ‘ c at as t r ophe ’ i nAr abi c , i sus e dt or e f e rt ot hedi s pl ac e me ntof mor et han700, 000Pal e s t i ni anAr absf r om t he i r home si n1948whe nt heS t at eofI s r ae l wasc r e at -

Neighborhood

THEMUSEUM I SSURROUNDEDBYEDUCA TI ONALBUI LDI NGSWHI CHI NHANCEHI S FUNCTI ON, LI KE BI RZEI TUNI VERSI TY BI RZEI TSCHOOLS BARAEM AL YASMEENNURSERY

126

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM S IT E

P LA N THESI TEHAVEASEPARATEDENTRANCEANDEXI T FROM A8M WI DTHSTREET. ENT

TERRACES WALKI NGAREAS

EXI T

PARKI NGZONE .

S O L ID

V O ID

CARS CI RCULATI ON LI NE

Thes i t ei sdeﬁnedbyagr i c ul t ur alt er r ac esf or medof dr y s t onewal l s( s anas i l )er ec t edbyl oc alvi l l ager st o adaptt het er r ai nf orc ul t i vat i on. Sel ec t edt hr oughan i nt er nat i onalc ompet i t i on, t hedes i gnt ak esi t sc ues f r om t hi ss et t i ngandi sﬁr ml yembeddedwi t hi ni t .

128

Anac c es sr oadl eadst ot het opoft hehi l lwher e appr oac hi ngvi s i t or sgl i mps evi ewsoutoft heot her s i deoft hebui l di ng, ac r os st hi sc har ac t er i s t i c l ands c apeandt ot heMedi t er r anean40km t ot he wes t .

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM LA N D SC A P E ThePal es t i ni anl ands c apehast he‘ wor k ed’ qual i t yofac i t y ; ev er yel ementofi thasbeent ouc hedandt el l sa s t or yofi nt er v ent i on, pr oduc t i on, c ul t ur e, envi r onmentandc ommer c e. Li k ei nt hec i t y , t het er r ac edl ands c ape hasi t shi s t or yembeddedwi t hi ni t . Theappr oac ht ot hePal es t i ni anMus eum dr awsont hi shi s t or yoft he t er r ac edl ands c ape, embeddi ngt hemus eum i nt oi t si mmedi at es i t eanddr awi ngf r om t hi ss i t et ot el lal ar ger s t or yofadi v er s ec ul t ur e. Thes i t ei sf or medt hr oughas er i esofc as c adi ngt er r ac es , c r eat edbyﬁel ds t onewal l s whi c ht r ac et hepr evi ousagr i c ul t ur alt er r ac esoft hear ea. Thet hemeoft hel ands c ape–f r om t hec ul t ur alt ot he nat i v el ands c ape–unf ol dsac r os st het er r ac es : t hemor ec ul t ur edanddomes t i c at edt er r ac esar ec l os et ot he bui l di ng, andt hepl ant i ngc hangesgr adual l yasonemov esdownt het er r ac est ot hewes t .

MUL TI BALETYPESOF PLANTI NG

OUTDOORSTAGE

129

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM EM B ED D ED

LA N D SC A P E

Thec as c adeoft er r ac est el l savar i et yofs t or i es : c i t r usbr oughti nt hr ought r ader out es , nat i v ear omat i cher bs , a r i c handvar i edl ands c apewi t hc onnec t i onst ot heeas tandwes t . Ter r ac et hemesi nc l ude: Cul t ur all ands c apesandt hemesr el at i ngt oc ul t ur eandhi s t or y Agr i c ul t ur alher i t age Rel at i ons hi pofpl ant st ot r ader out esandc ommer c e Nat ur all ands c apesandt hemesr el at i ngt owi l der nes sandnat i v epl ant s , s c r ubl ands , gr as sl ands Nat ur e&c ul t ur e: i nc or por at i onofnat i v epl ant si nt odomes t i c at edagr i c ul t ur eandf ood/ medi c i ne

S O L ID

130

V O ID

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM LEED

C E R T IF IE D

G R EEN

B U IL D IN G

Vi s i t or swi l lbeabl et oexper i enc ePal es t i ne’ sﬁr s tener gy eﬃc i entgr eenbui l di ng. St r i vi ngf oraLeader s hi pi n Ener gyandEnvi r onment alDes i gn( LEED)s i l v err at i ng, t hePal es t i ni anMus eum wi l lwor kwi t ht hePal es t i ne Gr eenBui l di ngCounc i lt oas s ur et hati ti mpl ement sandadher est ogr eenbui l di ngdes i gngui del i ness etby LEED. Engi neerBadawi Qawas mi , af oundi ngmemberoft heCounc i l , poi nt edoutt hatt heMus eum’ sbui l di ngwi l lbea modelf orenvi r onment als us t ai nabi l i t yont hePal es t i ni anl ev el . “ Wewi l lus et heMus eum’ sbui l di ngasan educ at i onalc as es t udyt odel i v ert r ai ni ngwor ks hopst oengi neer s , c ont r ac t or s , uni v er s i t ys t udent sandot her

Ac c or di ngt oQawas mi , “ t heMus eum ai mst oc r eat eaheal t hyenvi r onment t hati si dealf orbot hvi s i t or sands t affbyi nt r oduc i ngmet hodsandpr oc edur es t or educ et her at esoft oxi cs ubs t anc est hatexi s ti nvar i oust y pesofpai nt , c ar pet sandc onc r et e, whi c hvapor i z ei nc er t ai nt emper at ur esandaffec t br eat hi ngandt her ef or eheal t h. ”TheMus eum al s oenc our agess t affand vi s i t or st ous ebi c y c l est ogett ot hebui l di ng. Wheel c hai rac c es s i bi l i t yhasbeen i nt egr at edi nt ot hebui l di ng’ sdes i gn.

131

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

I mpl ement i nggr eenbui l di ngdes i gngui del i nesi nPal es t i nepos esc er t ai nc hal l enges . “ Thegl obalenvi r onment al s t andar dsar eaddi t i onalr equi r ement sf orPal es t i ni anc ont r ac t or sandwor k er swhoar eac c us t omedol dway sof c ons t r uc t i onands i t emai nt enanc e. Thenews pec i ﬁc at i ons , i nmanyc as es , ar enotc onvi nc i ngori nc ompr ehens i bl et o c ont r ac t or sandc ons t r uc t i onwor k er s , ”s ai dQawas mi . ThePal es t i neGr eenBui l di ngCounc i lobl i gesc ont r ac t or st o oper at ei nal i mi t edar eaont hec ons t r uc t i ons i t et oav oi denvi r onment aldamaget hatmi ghtoc c urt ot hel and s ur r oundi ngt hebui l di ngdur i ngc ons t r uc t i on. Qawas mi not edt hat“ t hes i t ewi l lbes ur r oundedwi t has pec i alf enc et hat pr ev ent st heer os i onofs oi lf r om t hec ons t r uc t i onar ea, t her ebymi t i gat i ngt heenvi r onment ali mpac toft he c ons t r uc t i onpr oc es sont headj ac entar ea. Awas hi ngs t at i onf ort r uc kswi l lbec r eat edons i t et or educ et he t r ans mi s s i onofdus tandmudt ot hes ur r oundi ngs t r eet sandnei ghbor hoods . ”

S O L ID

132

V O ID

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM M A STER

P LA N

C IR C U L A T IIO N

‘ I ts eemedobvi oust hatt hemus eum s houl d bepl ac edont het opoft hehi l l . Notj us tf or vi s i bi l i t y , buts y mbol i c al l y , l i k et heI s r ael i s et t l ement st hatc r ownnear byhi l l t ops . But t her ewasanot her , mor ei mpor t ant , r eas on: t hes l opef ac eswes tand, t hr oughagapi n t hehi l l s , y ouc ans eet hes unr eﬂec t i ngoﬀ t heMedi t er r aneanonas unnyday . Wet ook hatbor r owedvi ewac r os sI s r ael , t o EXI T t c onnec twi t ht hes eat hatPal es t i ni ansc an’ t r eac handr emi ndt hem t heyar ea Medi t er r aneanpeopl e, notades er tpeopl e, ast heI s r ael i nar r at i v ewoul dhav ei t . ’

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM GROUNDFL OOR FUNCTI ON ENTRANC E RECEPTI O N

CAFE TERRACE

MAI N GALLERY

SHOP

GALLERY

ADMI NI STRATI ON

SCREENI NG ROOM

S O L ID

V O ID GROUNDFL OORCI RCULATI ON VI SI TORSCI RCULATI ON

Thegr oundï¬&#x201A;oor , c ompr i s i ngent r anc e r ec ept i on, mus eum admi ni s t r at i on, gal l er i es , s c r eeni ngr oom andc af eopens outdi r ec t l yt ot hegar densati t snor t her n end, whi l eov er l ooki ngas t one amphi t heat r ebel owi tatt hes out her nend.

134

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM LO W E R

G R O U N D

F LO O R

WORKSHOP CLASSROOMS PHOTOGRAPHI CARCHI VE

VI SI TORSCI RCULATI ON

ADMI NI STRATI ON SCREENI NG ROOM MAI N GALLERY

WORKSHOP CLASSROOMS PHOTOGRAPHI C ARCHI VE

135

I nt hel owergr oundoort her ei sa publ i cEduc at i onandRes ear c h Cent r ewi t hc l as s r ooms , wor ks hopsandadmi ni s t r at i v e s pac es . Theeduc at i onc ent r e opensoutt oac uts t one amphi t eat r et ot hewes t .

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM C O N S T R U C T IO N

P H A SES

Phas e1( c ompl et ed2016)c ons i s t sofabui l tar eaof 3, 500SQM. I ti nc l udesac l i mat ec ont r ol l edgal l er ys pac e, anamphi t heat r e, ac af et er i awi t hout doors eat i ng, a l i br ar y , c l as s r ooms , s t or age, agi f ts hopandadmi ni s t r at i v e s pac es ; al ls etwi t hi n4hec t ar esofpl annedgar dens . Dur i ngPhas e2 TheMus eum wi l lexpandt oat ot alof10, 000SQM.

T R IA N G U L A R

C U R T A IN

W A LLS

Thewes tf aç ade’ smas onr yi sc r ank edupwar dsi nt wopl ac es , expos i ngt r i angul arc ur t ai n wal l swi t hmet alﬁnswhos es i z esandl oc at i onsar ec ar ef ul l yc al c ul at edt opr ot ec tt he i nt er i orf r om s ol argl ar eandheatgai nwhi l emaxi mi s i ngnat ur all i ght–oneofanumber ofmeas ur est hathav eear nedt hebui l di ngi t sLEEDGol dc er t i ﬁc at i on. I nt er nal l yt he Mus eum’ sc onc r et es t r uc t ur ei sr oughr ender edandwhi t epai nt ed.

136

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

137

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM C O N S T R U C T IO N

P H A SES

T R IA N G U L A R

C U R T A IN

W A LLS

Thegar deni st hemedt or angef r om agr i c ul t ur alc r opsatt heout erc onfinest omor er efinedpl ant i ngsnear ert hebui l di ngs , andi si nt endedt os uppl yt hec af éwi t ht y pi c alPal es t i ni anpr oduc e. Rai nwat erf r om t het er r ac eandamphi t heat r ei shar v es t ed f orus ei nt hei r r i gat i onandflus hs y s t ems , andwas t ewat eri st r eat edal s of orus ei ni r r i gat i on. 138

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

Del i v er i ngPal es t i ne’ sfir s tgr eenbui l di ng( c er t i fiedLEEDSi l v er )c amewi t hi t sownuni quec hal l enges , t hemos t obvi ousofwhi c hwast her equi r ementt oi ns ul at et hebui l di ngenv el ope. Ther ei snot r adi t i onofdr y fixs t one c l addi ngi nt hec ount r y , wher eus i ngs t oneasaf or m ofper manentf ac ades hut t er i ngoni ns i t uc onc r et es t r uc t ur es i st henor m. ThePal es t i ni anMus eum i st houghtt obeonl yt hes ec ondbui l di ng, af t ert heYas s erAr af atMemor i al Mus eum i nRamal l ah, wi t hs t onec l addi ngs t oodofft hes t r uc t ur e. Thebui l di ngc ont r ac t or , pr opr i et orofa 50y ear ol d, f ami l y ownedbus i nes sf r om Nabl usi nt heWes tBank, t ol dme: ‘ Wehav ei nv ent edanewc r af ther e. Now ot herbui l der swantt ot ak eonourmas ons . ’

141

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

Thez i gz aggi ngf or msoft heMus eum’ sar c hi t ec t ur eandhi l l s i degar densar ei ns pi r edbyt hes ur r oundi ngagr i c ul t ur alt er r ac es , s t r es s i ngt hel i nkwi t ht hel andands y mbol i s i ngr es i s t anc et ot heWes tBank’ smi l i t ar yoc c upat i on. Pal es t i ni anl i mes t one, quar r i edl oc al l ynearBet hl ehem, i sus edf orbot h f aç adec l addi ngandext er i orpavi ng, uni f y i ngt hes c heme.

142

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM I nt er nal l yt heMus eum’ sc onc r et es t r uc t ur ei s r oughr ender edandwhi t epai nt ed. I ns i de, t hebui l di ngi sanex er c i s ei nl i ght nes sand s t r engt h. Thes andy hueds t oneﬂoor spr ovi dea s ens eofs ol i di t yandk eept hes pac esc ool , whi l e c onc r et ewal l spr ovi det her malmas s , al s ohel pi ng t omodul at ei nt er i ort emper at ur es . Dr amat i cc ei l i ng l i nesec hot hec onc r et er oof ’ sf ol dedgeomet r i es ands oart o16f eeti nt hemai ngal l er y , maki ngi t f eell ar gert hani t s5, 000s quar ef eet .

139

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM

140

THE PALESTINIAN M USEUM P R O G R A M

12M2

1 ENTERANCE ON 2 RECEPTI CUL TURALFUNCTI ON

3 MAI NGAL L ERY L ERY 4 GAL 5 S CREENI NGROOM 6 CAFE 7 TERRACE 8 S HOP

CUL TURALFUNCTI ON

12M2 10M2

10M2 117M2

117M2

52M2 7M2

12M2 12M2 107M2 107M2 6M2 6M2 47M2

9 ADMI NI S TRATI ON HOP 10 WORKS

EDUCATI ONAL

32M2

11 CL AS SROOMS

EDUCATI ONAL

CARCHI VE 12 PHOTOGRAPHI

EDUCATI ONAL

29M2 15M2

47M2 32M2

29M2 15M2

350M2 141

Mai nEnt . 2. 4%

Gal l e r y 37%

142

Re c e pt i on 2. 3% Admi ni s t r at i on 0. 5%

Re s t ur ant 31. 9%

143

JEW ISH

M USEUM BARLIN 144

JEW ISH M USEUM C A SE

P R O F IL E

146

JEW ISH

M USEUM

Be r l i nMap

Ge r manyMap Ge r manyi soďŹ&#x192;c i al l yt heF e de r al Re publ i cofGe r many . I ti s af e de r al , de moc r at i cr e publ i c , l oc at e di nc e nt r al we s t e r n Eur ope . I tc ons i s t sof16s t at e sc ov e r i nganar e aof 357, 021s quar ek i l ome t e r s , andi sc har ac t e r i z e dbyi t smi l d s e as onal c l i mat e . Ge r manyi st hemos tpopul ousEur ope an c ount r ywi t hmor et han82mi l l i onpe opl e , andi ti sal s o oneoft hes t r onge s tandmos tpowe r f ul Eur ope anUni on c ount r i e s . 99

L O C A T IO N

Be r l i ni st hef e de r al c api t al oft he F e de r al Re publ i cofGe r many , and oneoft hes i x t e e ns t at e sof Ge r many . I ti sal s ot hel ar ge s tc i t y i nGe r manyi nt e r msof popul at i on, wi t hapopul at i onof about3. 6mi l l i on. Be r l i ni soneof t het hr e e" c i t ys t at e s "oft he F e de r al Re publ i cofGe r many , and t hi sde s i gnat i onc ome sf r om t he f ac tt hatc i t yl i mi t sar et hes ame ass t at ebor de r s .

JEW ISH

M USEUM

ALQUDS-ST

100

JEW ISH

M USEUM

H IS T O R IC A L

C O N TE X T

149

JEW ISH C U LT U R A L

M USEUM C O N TE X T

150

JEW ISH

M USEUM

DANI EL LI BESKI ND 151

A R C H IT E C T

JEW ISH

M USEUM

152

DANI EL LI BESKI ND PART 1 DANEI L LEBESKI ND 151

152

JEW ISH

M USEUM

FO R M

155

JEW ISH

M USEUM

156

JEW ISH

M USEUM

FO R M

157

JEW ISH S IT E

M USEUM

P LA N

158

JEW ISH

M USEUM

THEDI STORTED STAROFDAVI D

159

160

JEW ISH

M USEUM

163

JEW ISH

M USEUM

164

JEW ISH

M USEUM

163

JEW ISH

M USEUM

L A Y E R S COURTYARD

LEVEL 2: PERM ANENT EXHI BI TI ON

CAFE

LEVEL 1 : PERM ANENT EXHI BI TI ON GROUND LEVEL : M EM ORY CARD LOW ER LEVEL : UNDER GROUND AXES ENTRANCE

LOBBY

166

JEW ISH

M USEUM

L A Y E R S

LOW ER LEVEL : UNDERGROUND AXI S

GARDEN OF EXI LE HOLOCOUST TOW ER

LAYERI NG CENTRE

167

JEW ISH

M USEUM

C I R C U L A T I O

LI BESKI NDCREATSAPROMENADETHATFOLL OWSTHE “ ZI GZAG”FORMATI ONOFTHEBUI LDI NGFORVI SI TORSTO WLKTHROUGHANDEXPERI ENCETHESPACESWI THI N. I NORDERTOMOVEFROM ONESI DEOFTHEMUSEUM TO THEOTHER. VI SI TORSMUSTCROSSONEOFTHE60BRI DGESTHATOPEN I NTOTHI SVOI D.

168

JEW ISH EM O BIM EN T

CAUTI OUS FEARFUL

M USEUM EM O TIO N AL

TI RESOME RELENTLESS

SUFFOCATI NG CONFI NED

Thi sbui l di ngi saboutemot i onalembodi mentasmuc hasi ti sphy i c al . embi di ment . Thebui l di ngphy s i c al l yexpr es s est hehi s t or yof t hej ewi s hpeopl ei nBer l i n, andass uc h, t hes pat i als equenc eat t empt st or ec r eat es omeoft heemot i onsvi t alt ounder s t andi ng t hi sc ompl i c at edhi s t or y . Dec enti nt ot hegr oundpr ov ok esf ear , l ongpas s agest hr oughoutt hebui l di ngi nv ok ec onf us i on, c onďŹ ned nar ows pac esf eeli s ol at edanddepr i vat i ng, s l ant edwal l sands har p c or ner sexpr es sananger , andmos tofal lanexpr es s i onofhope t hatt hevi ewerexper i enc esi nt hos es ac r edmomentofVoi d was hedwi t hs of tl i ght .

169

EXPOSED BELI TTLEI NG

HOPEFUL AL ONE

JEW ISH EM O BIM EN T

DECENT

M USEUM PH YSICAL

L ONGPASSAGE

COMPRESSI ON

Oneoft hemos tc r i t i c alf ac t or sdr i v ei ngt hef or m oft hi si s mus eum i st her el at i ons hi pbet weenbui l di ngandper s on. Thi smus eum i smadeupofas er i esofc ont r ol eds equenc es t hatpl aywi t hs pat i alc ompr es s i onandexpans i on. Al ongt he z i gz agof' j ewi s hnes s ' t hepas s ageI Ss i z edt ot hehuman s c al e. Thats ai d, i tdoes n; ' tmak et hes pac ec omf or t abl e; t he s pac ei sc ooli nt er mper at ur e, t hel i ght sar ebr i ghtandt he wal l sar eas t er i l ewhi t e, al i t t l er eďŹ&#x201A;ec t i v ei nquai l t y . I ns t ead onef eel sunwel c ome, andr us hesahead. Ev ent ual l yaper s on ent er sav oi d, ani n-bet weent hel i nesexper i enc e. Her et he s pac ei ss ec t i onal l yexpans i v ewi t hc ol dc onc r et ewal l sr i s i ng 60f eetabov ey ourunourhead. Att het op, l i ghtwas hesi nt o t hec hamber . Onef eel ss mal li nt hi st y peofs pac e, buti tal s o al l owst her ec ogni t i ont hatt her ei smor et ot hi swor l dt han t hei ndi vi dual . Al t houghnev erexpl i c i t l ydec r eedbyt hear c hi t ec tormus eum, t hes ev oi dshav eagodl i nes sandgi v et he 170

EXPANSTI ON

WASHEDLI GHT

JEW ISH

M USEUM

PLAN S LAYO U T

L OWERGROUNDLEVEL

SECOND LEVEL

GROUNDLEVEL

171

THI RD LEVEL

JEW ISH

M USEUM

172

JEW ISH

M USEUM

CO N STRU CTIO N

173

JEW ISH

M USEUM

Thebui dl i ngi smadeupofar ei nf oc r edc onc r et e s t r uc t ur e. Duet ot heus eofc as ti npl ac ec onc r et e, andaf ac ademonot onous l yc oov er edi n z i nc , t hebui l di nghasas ens eofgr avi t aswi t hi n t hes i t e, s t er ot oni ci nqual i t y . Zi nci st hemat er i al t hatc l adsal loft heexpans i onbui l di ngI ti samat er i alt hathasal ongt r adi t i oni nt hear c hi t ec t ur al hi s t or yofBer l i nOv ert i met hi sunt r eat edal l oyof t i t ani um, andz i ncwi l loxi di z ec aus i ngac hange c ol ormor ebl uei nt onet hr ought heexpos ur et o l i ghtandt ot heweat her

174

JEW ISH

M USEUM

FACAD ES

Thenar r ows l i t sofapat ur esal ongt hef ac adeoft hebui l di ngf ol l ow apr ec i s emat r i xder i v edbyLi bes ki ndf r om pl ot t i ngt headdr es s es ofpr omi nentGer manandJ ewi s hc i t i z ensf r om pr e-warBer l i n. He c onnec t st hes epoi nt st of or m an" i r r at i onalandi nvi s i bl e"c l us t er ofl i nesTher andomes soft hes eapat ur eshel pst ohi det hei nt er i or pur pos eoft hebui l di nganddoesnotc l ear l yhel pt odel i neat ei t s s c al eors t ur c t ur eI ns t eadt heyi nv ok eac ur i ous t yandexpr es st he t es t ament . ofs c ar r i ngt hebui l di ngr epr es ent s

175

JEW ISH

M USEUM

176

JEW ISH

M USEUM

A M OUNM ENT FOR A PEOPLE

A SCAR THROUGH

177

HI STORY

JEW ISH

M USEUM

PRO GRAM CIRCULATIO N

EXH IBITIO N SPACES VO ID AD M IN ISTRATIO N

SPACE

LIBRARY M ECH N ICAL SPACE

LO W ER GRO UN D

FIRST FLO O R 178

JEW ISH

M USEUM

CIRCULATIO N EXH IBITIO N SPACES VO ID AD M IN ISTRATIO N LIBRARY M ECH N ICAL SPACE

SECO N D

FLO O R

TH IRD 179

FLO O R

JEW ISH

M USEUM

180

181

184

CONTEXT

J ORDAN, MADABA[18] J ORDAN TI MEL I NE[16]

J ORDAN

1946 TheUni t e dNat i onsr e c ogni z e s J or danasani nde pe nde nt s ov e r e i gnk i ngdom

1948 1957 Br i t i s ht r oopsc ompl e t et he i r wi t hdr awal f r om J or dan.

1967

30. 5852°N, 36. 2384°Ev 1989 F i r s tge ne r al e l e c t i ons i nc e 1967, c ont e s t e donl yby i nde pe nde ntc andi dat e s be c aus eoft he1963banon pol i t i c al par t i e s

MADABA

1994 1999 F e br uar y-Ki ngHus s e i ndi e s , hi se l de s ts onCr ownPr i nc e Abdul l ahs uc c e e dst ot he t hr one .

2002

31. 7193°N, 35. 7932°E

2004 F e br uar y-Ki ngAbdul l ahand S y r i anPr e s i de ntBas har al As s adl aunc ht heWahdah Dam pr oj e c tatac e r e monyon t heRi v e rY ar muk .

2014

SI TE

2018 J une-S t r e e tpr ot e s t sagai ns t t axhi k e sandot he rme as ur e s be i ngi nt r oduc e daspar tofan aus t e r i t ypr ogr amme.

31. 5590°N, 35. 4732°E

185

186

LOCATION Di s t anc e sandt r av e l t i me sbe t we e nt hes i t eandot he rl oc at i onsofi mpor t anc e L AS TORI AMUS EUM

S I TE

DEADS EAPANORAMA QUEENAL I AAI RPORT

QUEENAL I AAI RPORT 1h24mi n

Ma' i nHotS pr i ngs DEADS EAPANORAMA 39mi n

3mi n

39mi n

5mi n

1h44mi n

15mi n

186

L AS TORI AMUS EUM 52mi n Ma' i nHotS pr i ngs

HI S T ORYOFTHES I TE

J us t30k mf r om Amman, al ongwi t ht he5, 000y e ar ol dKi ngs ´Hi ghway , i soneoft hemos tme mor abl e pl ac e si nt heHol yL and. Af t e rpas s i ngt hr oughas t r i ngofanc i e nts i t e s , t heﬁr s tc i t yy our e ac hi sMadaba, k nownast he“ Ci t yofMos ai c s . " Thet ownofMadabawasonc eaMoabi t ebor de rc i t y , me nt i one di nt heBi bl ei nNumbe r s21: 30andJ os hua 13: 9. Dur i ngi t sr ul ebyt heRomanandBy z ant i nee mpi r e sf r om t he2ndt ot he7t hc e nt ur i e s , t hec i t y f or me dpar toft hePr ov i nc i aAr abi as e tupbyt heRomanEmpe r orT r aj ant or e pl ac et heNabat ae an k i ngdom ofPe t r a.

MADABA OL DMAP

187

ADM INISTRATIVE Di s t r i c tS out hS hunai sl oc at e dt ot hewe s toft hegov e r nor at eof Bal qaandi ti saboutt hi r t yk i l ome t e r sandi sbounde dont hewe s t oft heJ or danRi v e ront hee as toft hec api t al gov e r nor at eof Madabagov e r nor at eands pe ndAi r aandMahe sandf r om t he nor t ht oDe i rAl l aDi s t r i c tf r om t hes out hofKar ak .

Ther e gi onhass e v e r al r e gul at i ons uc has: S I TE

Comme r c i al T our i s m

191

T our i s mi nJ or dan

I t smaj ort our i s tat t r ac t i onsi nc l udev i s i t i nghi s t or i c al s i t e s , l i k et hewor l dwi def amousPe t r a( UNES CO Wor l dHe r i t ageS i t es i nc e1985, andoneofNe wS e v e nWonde r soft heWor l d) , t heJ or danRi v e r , Mount Ne bo, Madaba, nume r ousme di e v al mos que sandc hur c he s , anduns poi l e dnat ur al l oc at i ons( asWadi Rum andJ or dan' snor t he r nmount ai nousr e gi oni nge ne r al ) , aswe l l asobs e r v i ngc ul t ur al andr e l i gi ouss i t e sand t r adi t i ons . J or danal s ooďŹ&#x20AC;e r she al t ht our i s m, whi c hi sf oc us e di nt heDe adS e aar e a, e duc at i ont our i s m, hi k i ng, s nor k e l i ngands c ubadi v i ngi nAqaba' sc or al r e e f s , popc ul t ur et our i s m ands hoppi ngt our i s mi nJ or dan' s c i t i e s . Mor et hanhal foft heappr ox i mat e4. 8mi l l i onAr abt our i s t si n2009, mai nl yf r om t heGCC, s ai dt he y pl ant os pe ndt he i rhol i day si nJ or dan.

J or dani si nv e s t i nghe av i l yi ni t st our i s ti nf r as t r uc t ur ei nt he f or m ofl ux ur yhot e l s , s pas , r e s or t s , andmas s i v er e al e s t at e pr oj e c t s , asThe" Abdal i Ur banRe ge ne r at i on"Pr oj e c tandt he " Mar s aZay e d"i nAqaba. L ux ur yr e s i de nt i al hous i ngl i k e S anay aAmmanandt heL i v i ngWal l ar eat t r ac t i ngaďŹ&#x201E;ue nt Pe r s i anGul fv ac at i one r st obuypr ope r t yi nJ or dan.

192

CLIM ATE J or dan’ swe at he rt r ul yc ons i s t sof4s e as ons : Aut umn, wi nt e r , s pr i ng, ands umme r . Mos t ofJ or dan’ st our i s tat t r ac t i onsl i ei nt hemount ai nhe i ght sPl at e au, s t r i pwhi c hr unsal ong t hewe s t e r ne dgeoft hec ount r y , andt heJ or danVal l e y , whi c hl i e sne x tt ot heDe adS e a; t hel owe s tpoi ntont hes ur f ac eofe ar t h.

MADABACL I MATES UMMARY TheMadabal i e son751m abov es e al e v e l Thec l i mat ehe r ei smi l d, andge ne r al l ywar m andt e mpe r at e . Ther ai ni nMadabaf al l smos t l yi nt hewi nt e r , wi t hr e l at i v e l yl i t t l er ai ni n t hes umme r . TheKöppe nGe i ge rc l i mat ec l as s i ﬁc at i oni sCs a. Theav e r ageannual t e mpe r at ur ei nMadabai s16. 40833333333333. Ther ai nf al l he r ei sar ound346pe ry e ar .

MADABACL I MATEGRAPH/ /WEATHERBYMONTH

193

Cl i mat eChar t s

MADABAAVERAGETEMPERATURE Atanav e r aget e mpe r at ur eof23. 5, Augus ti st hehot t e s tmont hoft hey e ar . At7. 7onav e r age , J anuar yi s t hec ol de s tmont hoft hey e ar .

194

CLIM ATE THI SI S THE MONTHLY TOTAL OF SUNHOURS

195

Cl i mat eChar t s

AVERAGEMONTHL YPRECI PI T ATI ONOVERTHEYEAR RAI NF AL L , S NOW

196

ACCESSIBILITY MADABAHI GHWAY

1H24MI N

MADABAHI GHWAY

J ORDANVAL L EYHWY

14MI N

J or danv al l e yHwy

197

ACCESSIBILITY SURROUNDI NGSSTREETS

J ORDANVAL L EYHWY F OOTWAY

S UB S TREET MAI N S TREET MAAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ENS TREET

198

ACCESSIBILITY SURROUNDI NGSSTREETS

J ORDANVAL L EYHWY F OOTWAY

S UB S TREET MAI N S TREET MAAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ENS TREET

198

ACCESSIBILITYSTREETSDETAILES J ORDANVALLEYSTREET

MADABAHI GHWAY

J ORDANVALLEYSTREET 12M WI DTH

J ORDANVALLEYSTREETSECTI ON 199

ACCESSIBILITYSTREETSDETAILES MA’ I N STREET

MA’ I NSTREET 17M WI DTH

200

CURRENT CONTEXT SOLI D&VOI D

10% SOLI D 90% VOI D

203

S I TEF EATURES Thes i t ehaspanor ami cv i e wsoft hel owe s tpoi ntont hee ar t handi st heDe adS e a, i n addi t i ont obe i ngc l os et ot hev ar i oust our i s tpl ac e si nMadabaandt heDe adS e a, whi c hc ons t i t ut e sanaddi t i ont ot her e gi on. Thes i t eov e r l ooksoc c upi e dPal e s t i ne , whe r et hemus e um wi l l bedi r e c t e d. T oc onﬁr mt hepr oj e c t ’ sme s s ageandmai ngoal i nde f e ndi ngAr abl ands .

204

SITEBOUNDRIES

207

SITECONTOURLINES

208

SITEZONING

207

SITESWOTANALYSIS Thes i t ee nj oy spanor ami cv i e wsoft heDe ad S e ai naddi t i ont ot hepr e s e nc eofs e r v i c e si n s uppor toft hemus e um' sf unc t i oni nt hede ad s e ac ompl e x

TheMadabar e gi oni soneoft hemos t i mpor t antt our i s tde s t i nat i onsf oral l t our i s t si n J or dan, whi c hi nc r e as e st heoppor t uni t i e sf or t hepr oj e c t

Thes i t ei sf arf r om t hec e nt e roft hec api t al , Amman

Thepr ox i mi t yt ot heDe adS e aandt he mount ai nousl ands c apec ane x pos et hes i t et o nat ur al haz ar ds

208

PROGRAM M AIN ZONES FRAM W ORK

BAZAR

W ORKSHOPS

LIBRARY

EDUCATION KIDS ZONE

EXHIBITION

M ULTIUSE

& GALLERY

211

ADM INIST RATION

CIRCULATION ZONE

ACTIVITES

M AIN ZONES FRAM W ORK M EM ORIAL M USEUM

BAZAR BAZAR HALL

W ORKSHOP

ADM INISTR TION

W ORKSHOPS

GI FT SHOPS ART AREA FOOD

POOTH

REST AREA STORGE

GALLERY

SERI ES OF GALLERI ES

GALLERY HALL

LIBRARY

OFFI CES

ARCHI VE

W. C

READI NG AREA

M EETI NG ROOM

LI BRARY HALL

STUFF ROOM

M ULTIUSE GRAFFI TI SPACE FOLKLORE AREA M EDI TATI ON AREA

W .C

TEACHERS ROOM

SERVICES

OUTDOOR FUNCTIONS

STORGE

STAGES

W. C

LANDSCAPE REST AREAS

REST AREAS

ALQUDS-ST

212

PROGRM M AIN ZONES FRAM W ORK

GAL LER Y

TMEDI ON ATI

BAZ AAR

S OP SH RK WO

RE ST UR AN T

Y R A BR LI

ST AG ES

TI FI AF GR

GA T HA HERI NG LL

APH R G O PHOT

213

ZONING ZONI NG AS A M U SEUM PLANNI NG TOOL, I N THE PRACTI CE OR DE SI GNI NG THE ZONI NG CAN BE ARRANGED AS :

zone wi th envi ronmentalcontrol s and securi ty desi gned for the preservati on of col l ecti on

zone whi ch meant for staff al one wi th envi ronmental control s and securi ty.

zone i n whi ch the fi ni sh and durabi l i ty & envi ronment created for human comforts.

zone i n whi ch the fi ni sh and durabi l i ty & envi ronment created for the staff al one

214

PROGRM ZONING PUBLI C NON CO. AREA

PUBLI C COLLECTI ON AREA NON PUBLI C

NON

AREA

PUBL

I C CO.

AREA

215

PROGRM

wi den corri dors beyond the typi cal 8-9 feet currentl y i n use .

CIRCULATION ZONE

Keepc or r i dor sac ons i s t entwi dt h. Cor r i dor s t hatexpandandc ont r ac tc r eatbot t l enec ks Br eakupc or r i dorl engt hs . Thi swi l lr educ e t r avl et i meandal s odi s c our ageki def r om r unni ngt hr oghhal l st y pi c al89f eetc ur r ent l yi n us e

corri dors shoul d be abl e to easi l y handl e two-way traffi c.

c ons i derr oundi ngorangl i ngc or ner s s ot her ei sas i ghtl i net ot he i nt er s ec t i ngc or r i dor .

216

PROGRAM CIRCULATION ZONE

Bl i ndc or ner sc anbeahaz ar d. peopl ewhowal kataf as tpac eort ur n c or ner squi c kl ydonots eet he3t r aï¬&#x192;ci nt hei nt er s ec t i nghal l wayThi s c anl eadt oc onges t i on, bumpi ng, c ol l i s i ons , andal t er c at i ons4.

217

PROGRAM

EXHI BI TI ONS & DI SPLAY SPACEREQUI REMENTExhi bi t eofdi s pl ay s Spac ess houl dr ei nf or c eandpr omot et heaudi enc e' sengagementwi t ht hec ol l ec t i onc onc l udi ngac c es s or yus es . Whi l ewhi l ewal ki ng t hr oughamus eum, we' l lof t enenc ount er s t unni nganddi s pl ay st hatar emeantt os how ac er t ai nar t i f c atorpi ec eofar t wor ki nt he mos tat t r ac t i v ewaypos s i bl e. Thes evi s ual l y s t i mul at -i ngdi s pl ayof t eni nv ok eaweand wonderc hi l dr enandadul t sal i k eMus eum exhi bi t sar es etupandar r angedt obebot h. at t r ac t i v eandeduc at i or elDes i gni ngamus eum exhi bi t , t her ef or et ak esgooddealofc ar ef ul pl anni ngandhar dwor k. Theexhi bi t si na mus eum ar et y pi c al l ys etups ot hatt hey pl ac edanddi s pl ay edasnat ur al l yaspos s i bl e. Theymus tal s obedes i gnedwi t hamus eum' s avai l abl ear es pac eSomeexhi bi t sar edes i gnedt obeper manentďŹ xt ur esi namus eum. whi l eot her sar eonl yt empor ar y . Somemay bedes i gnedt oal l owhands oni nt er ac t i on. whi l eot her smus tbepr ot ec t edf r om c ur i ous mus eum goer s 218

PROGRAM EXHIBITIONS & DISPLAY Di s pl ayCas e ADi s pl ayCas el sACabi netWi t hOneOr Of t enMor eTr ans par entGl as s( OrPl as t i c . Nor mal l yAc r y l i cFoSt r engt h)Si desAnd/ Or Top. Us edToDi s pl ayObj ec t sForVi ewi ng, A Di s pl ayCas eMayBeFr ees t andi ngOnThe Fl oor . OrBui l t I n. Bui l t I nDi s pl ay sMayBe Mount edOnTheWal l . MayAc tAsRoom Par t i t ons . OrMayBeHangi ngFr omTheCei l i ng ShowsOf t enTheAr r angementCanBeSt agger edWhi c hPr oduc esACer t ai nMy s t er yAnd ADes i r eOnThePar tOfTheVi s i t orToPeek Ar oundCor ner sToSeeWhatI sNext . Cas es ThatAr eaAr r angedToNar r owTheEnt r anc e ABi t , SoThanTheHal lI ns i deThenOpenOut . Pr ovi deACer t ai nAmountOfI nt er es t

219

PROGRAM

EXHI BI TI ONS & DI SPLAY

ConeOfVi s i on TheConeOfVi s i onI sTheVi s ualRegi onDi s pl ay edByADr awi ngThatRel at esToAPer s on' sNor malVi s i on Wi t houtHi s / HerPer i pher alVi s i on. I nANut s hel l . TheConeOfVi s i onI sTheAr eaOfSi ght -Ort heAngl eOf Si ght . ForExampl e. I fAPer s onWant edToSeeTheEnt i r eAr tDi s pl ay . Us ual l yAConeofVi s i onI s6oDegr eesI sRequi r ed

220

PROGRAM NATURAL LIGHTING

Thebul di ngs houl dbeor i ent edi ns uc hwayi t get snat ur albeneďŹ t sf oral ls eas onCont r ol i ng nat ur all i ghtgl ar eov ert hedi s pl ay sAv oi ddr as t i cc hangei nhumi di t yandt empr et uer

I nt heexhi bi tgal l er yc ont ai nadoorus edby t hepubl i ct oent erandexi tt hemus eum , do notputar t i f eatneart hedoori nor dert oav oi d ext r emec hangei nt empr et ur eandhumi di t y

221

PROGRAM NATURAL LIGHTING Nat ur alLi ght i ngI sAc hi ev edThr oughTheUs e OfAt r i umsAndCutOutSpac es . Es pe-c i al l yBy NonhLi ght i ng. ShowsThePl anAndSec t i onOf Var i ousNat ur alLi ght i ngAr r angement s

222

PROGRAM AVARGENO. OFPEOPLE USI NGTHESPACE

SQUAREMETER REQUI RED

FUNCTI ON

WORKSHOP

20*4. 2

100*4s qm

DESI GNAREA

20*4. 2

80s qm

STORAGE

5*9. 3

20s qm 500s qm

TOTAL

225

PROGRAM AVARGENO. OFPEOPLE USI NGTHESPACE

SQUAREMETER REQUI RED

FUNCTI ON

CLASSROOMS

20*2. 8

60*4s qm

KI DSSHOPS

12*2. 8

40s qm

STORGEFORSHOPS

5*2. 8

15s qm

KI DSVI DEOROOM

20*2. 8

50s qm

TOTAL

345s qm

226

CONCEPT

D A DE

A SE

ALLTHESPACESI NTHESI TEWI LLHAVEASPECI AL VI EW, THESI TECHARACERI ZEDWI THMOUNTAI N NATURE. DI RECTEDTOTHEPALESTI NI ANLANDS.

EW I V UNI T

PART

PART PART

SUP. ENT

ENT THESI TEHASONEMAI NSTREET . WI CHLI NK THESI TEWI THTHEPANORAMADEADSEA ANDCREATSTHEMAI NENTRANCE

THI SI STHEONL YNEI GHBOR, whi s hwi l li nhanc et hemus eum Func t i on, byi t sown s pac es . t oc r eatnewt our i s tPoi nt.

229

CONCEPT Memor i al i z at i onasar epr es ent at i onofr emember i ngpas texper i enc esbr i dget her el at i onbet weenmemor y andar c hi t ec t ur e. Memor i alar c hi t ec t ur epr ovi dest hes t agei nwhi c hi tbr i ngspeopl et oget hert ouni t ei ndi vi dualmemor i esi nt oac ol l ec t i v ememor y . Al t houghweputi nl i t er at ur et hought st hatot her wi s el os tt ot i me. memor i alar c hi t ec t ur ehast heabi l i t yt ot r ans f or m wor dsandt hought s ; c apt ur eemot i onsandper s ev er i ngmemor i esi nt ot angi bl eandbui l dabl ef or ms . Memor i alar c hi t ec t ur ehasanabi l i t yt oc r eat eas pec i alr el at i ons hi pwi t hs pac e. I thasanabi l i t yt oc ommuni c at ewi t hus er swi t h anac c ept abl edegr eeofc ompr ehens i on byc apt ur i ngandt r i gger i ngmemor i es , c anbr i ngpeopl et oget hert ouni t ei ndi vi dual memor i esi nt oac ol l ec t i v ememor y . Thi spr oj ec tai mst or epr es entt heAr abpeopl e. Fi ndi ngabui l di ngt hat r epr es ent sAr abuni t ybys i mpl yr ec ount i ngi t sl ands t or y .

230

CONCEPT

Ourdi vi s i ondoes n' tr eďŹ&#x201A;ec tourper c ept i onsoft her egi onnorouras pi r at i ons , goal s , andi nt er es t s .

231

CONCEPT

‫ا‬

232

CONCEPT

22Ar abr egi meswer ek eent ok eept heboundar i esdr awnf r om t hec ol oni s tast hey wer er ec ei v edf r om t hec ol oni s t , andt hec ar eoft hegl obals y s t em f ort hes ebor der s -byk eepi ngt hem i nt ac tandpr ev ent i nganyr ealc hangei nt hem -r emai nedc ont i nuoust hr oughoutt het i meandr emai ns . Thepas s por ti sar eďŹ&#x201A;ec t i onoft hes t r engt hoft hec ount r yt hatbel ongst oi t . Ourdi vi s i onl edt ot heweak eni ngofourdomi nanc eandbas i caut hor i t ys ot hatt hepas s por t bec omest hef eart hatl i esi nt hehear t sofAr abs . 233

CONCEPT

Nowaday s , y ourVi s aandGr eenCar d, I ndi c at eswher ey ou c ango, whoy ouc ans ee. wef ol l owt hepol i t i c alf or msand r ul es . whodi vi det hel andandnat i ons .

234

CONCEPT

235

CONCEPT

TheAr abc ount r i ess peakonel anguageands har eonec ul t ur eandonehi s t or y . WEAREONENATI ON. WEAREONELAND

236

CONCEPT

I nt hey ear1840, t heLondonAgr eementwas s i gnedbet weenf ourc ol oni alc ount r i es( t heRus s i anEmpi r e, Br i t ai n, Pr us s i a, Aus t r i aont heone hand, andt heOt t omanEmpi r eont heot hers i de) t odr awt heEgy pt i anbor der s .

1845 I n1845, Fr anc ec r os s edt he" Lal aMaghni aAgr eement "-t he Al ger i anMor oc c anbor der , andt heagr eementr ec ogni z ed Fr anc e' sr i ghtt odemar c at et heMaghr ebbor deri ngener al .

1840

237

‫ا ب‬

CONCEPT

‫ااق‬

‫ام‬ ‫د‬

Bet ween19201921, t heCommanderoft heFr enc har mi esi n t heEas ti s s uedt hes oc al l ed" Par t i t i onDec r ees " , ac c or di ngt o whi c ht hehi s t or i cGr eat erGr eat erSham r egi onwasdi vi ded i nt os epar at ec ol oni es .

1920

1922

‫ا‬

Asf ort hey ear1922, t heBr i t i s hSi r , Per c yCox, br oughtout hi sr edpen-asDi c ks ons ay si nhi sbook" Kuwai tandi t sNei ghbor s "-t oc r os st hebor der sbet weenI r aq, Kuwai tandSaudi Ar abi a. 238

CONCEPT

T HE CRACKS BEYOND T HE DI VI SI ON

239

CONCEPT

Wi t ht hepassageoft i met he arab cont ri es cracked more and more

240

CONCEPT

243

CONCEPT

244

CONCEPT

245

CONCEPT

246

CONCEPT

247

CONCEPT

248

CONCEPT

‫اا‬

TheAr abSpr i ngwasas er i esofant i gover nmentpr ot es t s , upr i s i ngs , andar medr ebel l i ons t hats pr eadac r os smuc hoft heAr abwor l di nt heear l y2010s . I tbegani nr es pons et ooppr es s i ver egi mesandal ows t andar dofl i vi ng, s t ar t i ngwi t hpr ot es t si nTuni s i a. Thepr ot es t st hen s pr eadt oﬁveot herc ount r i es : Li bya, Egypt , Yemen, Syr i aandBahr ai n.

249

CONCEPT Pal es t i newasabs entf r om publ i ci nt er es tands uppor t , andf r om t hemedi a. Li kewi s e, Pal es t i newasnotpr es entatt hehear toft heAr abSpr i ng, ast heAr abs ys t em, whos emaj or i t yi sboundbypol i t i c al , ec onomi c, ands ec ur i t ydependencyr el at i ons , want ed di r ec tandexpl i c i tdi s engagementf r om t hePal es t i ni ani s s ue, whi c hi nt ur nwasnotapr i or i t y f ort heupr i s i ngs , whower eboundbyt hemos ts ever er es t r i c t i onsoft yr anny .

250

CONCEPT byt aki ng t hemai n entt ot hesi t e.drawi ng t heci rculat i on luneand t heflow oft hefunct i ons.

Ent

253

CONCEPT As c ari samar kl ef tont hes ki naf t erawoundori nj ur yhasheal ed. si t eBoundri es

di vi di ng t hesi t eby a gri d .t hen creat i ng li nes t hatappears li kea scar i nt he si t e.whi ch wi llbet hepat h for t he users. t hi s scar i nt heworld memory.and i n our memory for our st ory.for our i ssue.t heend oft hepat h wi llbea vi ew i nt ot hepalest i ni an land.

254

CONCEPT

Ent

255

CONCEPT

256

CONCEPT

Ent

259

CONCEPT

260

CONCEPT

261

CONCEPT

262

CONCEPT

263

CONCEPT

264

CONCEPT

SCAR

SCAR SKETCHES

265

CONCEPT CONEPTUAL CI RCULATI ON

LOPE

BRANCHED

DI RECT 266

CONCEPT SPATI AL DI AGRAMS

"UNI TY" COURT

REMEMBER

267

CONCEPT ZONI NG

DI AGRAMS TERRACE

COURT

ENTRANCES

268

CONCEPT STORY SYMBOLS

OLI VE TREE

I RON WI RES

ACLOCK 269

CONCEPT

270

CONCEPT

271

CONCEPT

272

CONCEPTSKETCH M ODEL

PHASE 3 10. 0M

PHASE 2

5. 0M

PHASE 1 0. 0M 273

CONCEPTSKETCH M ODEL UNDER GROUND C.

M AI N CI RCULATI ON

274

CONCEPTSKETCH M ODEL TO TARRACE .

COURT

EXH.

EXH. EXH.

HALL EXH.

ENTRANCE 1 HALL

ADM I N. EXH.

ENTRANCE 2

FROM PARKI NG ENTRANCE

275

CONCEPTSKETCH M ODEL

276

REFERENCES / / www. pbs . or g/ wgbh/ gl obal c onne cons / mi de as t / t he me s / c ul t ur e / ?c l i d= I wAR28v L bAL KZ mVda 1-h p: bA VP e A T CX dMRc 0W5O66l DY s n4b1RRW69T l L J V8j o63Z c : / / www. i n v e s t ope di a. c om/ t e r ms / a/ ar abl e ague . as p 2 h ps : / / www. al j az e e r a. ne t / s pe c i al ﬁl e s / page s / d0e 82da941 4c 0e bbb74e 8b14403730 3 h ps : / / www. mobt 3at h. c om/ upl ode / book / book 4679. pdf 4 h ps : / / www. al j az e e r a. c om/ ne ws / mi ddl e e as t / 2007/ 09/ 200852519252884626. h t ml 5 h ps : / / hi s t or y . s t at e . gov / de par t me n t hi s t or y / s hor t hi s t or y / ﬁr s t gul f 6 h ps : / / www. hi s t or y . c om/ t opi c s / mi ddl e e as t / ar abs pr i ng 7 h ps : / / www. j s t or . or g/ s t abl e / 24877897? r e adnow= 1&s e q= 2# page _ s c an_ t ab_ c on t e n t s 8 h ps : / / www. e gy p oday . c om/ Arc l e / 4/ 20561/ Naj i Al Al i T he i mmor t al P al e sni anc ons c i e nc e 9 h ps : / / c ul t ur ac ol e cv a. c om/ book s / mahmouddar wi s hpoe t r y 10 h ps : / / www. ac ade mi a. e du/ 6673293/ T HE _ HI S T ORI CAL _ E VOL UT I ON_ OF _ MUS E UMS _ ARCHI T E CT UR 11 h ps : / / www. s ut or i . c om/ s t or y / hi s t or y of mus e ums -me l i ne MgnG48S uh6PL HhuJ v f aWdL F Z 12 h ps : / / www. ac ade mi a. e du/ 6399743/ Me mor i al _ Ar c hi t e c t ur e 13 h ps 14h ps : / / ar ab24. c om/ por t al / i nde x . php/ ar ab24s t or i e s / j or dan/ i t e m/ 1015l as t or i aamus e ums howi ngt he anc i e n t he r i t age of j or dan 15h ps : / / www. al j az e e r a. ne t / k nowl e dge gat e / opi ni ons / 2017/ 4/ 13/ %D9%85%D9%86%D8%A3%D8%AC %D9%84%D8%AE %D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9%D 8%AC%D8%AF %D9%8A%D8%AF %D8%A9

M OUNM ENT FOR PEOPLE SCAR THROUGH HI STORY