October 2018
Volume 52, Issue 1
Freedom High School’s football captains walk onto the field for the “whiteout” game on Saturday, Sept. 1, 2018. From left to right: Darryl Shands (32), Tristan Wheeler (30), Isaiah Joyner (52), and Jack Gawlik (33)
New Year, New Freedom (kind of) Changes at Freedom focus on safety Riley Sweitzer Pates’ Post Editor
Photo Submission: Tristan Wheeler
BASD debuts new logo Logo brings a breath of fresh air after three decades
can help students stay safe during a real situation. Many support the new drills for this purpose. “The new enhanced lockdowns are the best thing to happen to Freedom. They are definitely needed and it is a welcome change from the old lockdowns where we were sitting ducks,” said Allison Pittenger, senior. Despite the help that an enhanced lockdown provides in a real situation, students should do what is best in the moment, whether that be to stay in the classroom or evacuate from the school. Continued on page 2
With a new school year comes new changes, and there are plenty at Freedom High School this year. Most of these changes regard safety, and some students are feeling like they have less “freedom.” “I spent a lot of time this summer walking room to room and looking at exterior doors. I also met with the custodial staff and administration and talked about changes,” said Mrs. Laurie Sage, assistant principal. One of the changes Mrs. Sage had a big hand in was the new enhanced lockdown procedure. “We used research from prior school shootings, and the amount of injuries and fatalities are much less when using an enhanced lockdown versus a traditional lockdown. Enhanced means spreading out within the classroom and using items already present to try to distract an intruder,” said Mrs. Sage. Among Freedom’s many changes are These new lockdown drills will be the new IDs, a lunch schedule lockdown an improvement from the previous schedule, and bathroom passes ones held at Freedom, because they
Leigha Evans The Freedom Forum
The Bethlehem Area School District (BASD) has changed its logo this year. The previous logo consisted of nine students sitting in a row, with six students raising their hands, a large red apple on the right side, and the district’s name underneath. This new logo now displays a B inside an industrial wheel with the district’s name in capital letters. “It was created just to update the original one, which I think was created in the 1980s. At this point, the district wanted a logo that was more representative of who we are today, versus who we were 30 years ago,” said Mrs. Laurie Sage, assistant principal. Lots of students in the district were surprised by the new logo change. Many have known the logo since kindergarten and have grown up with it year after year. The previous BASD logo had been around for a long time and was well known. “When the original BASD logo
came out I was probably in elementary school myself, so I have not seen a change in logo in 30 plus years,” said Mrs. Sage. BASD is continually trying to improve the district to be the best they can be. Recently, there have been lots of changes in the district, which the new logo is symbolic of. “They created the logo to be more representative of Bethlehem,” said Mrs. Laurie Sage. One aspect of change the new logo is supposed to represent is overall teaching style. The goal of the new logo is to show that BASD is growing and advancing as time moves forward. “I do like the new logo. I think it’s modern. I like it much more than the kids sitting rows, some of them not having their hands up, because I think we’ve moved away from that as our general teaching style anyways so I think it’s much more representative of who we are and what Bethlehem represents,” said Mrs. Sage. Continued on page 2
Photo: Riley Sweitzer
FHS Says...
Media: enemy of the people?
Rader’s Rants
Get ready to Riot!
Students reveal their favorite Halloween costumes
Breaking down the President’s latest remarks
Gabby is back… what is her topic of choice?
This year’s student section might be Freedom’s best yet
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Freedom High School - 3149 Chester Avenue - Bethlehem, PA 18020 - www.FHSForum.com - @FHSForum
Celebrating over 50 years of serving the Freedom community
2 News
October 2018
The Forum
Keep hope and fight against breast cancer October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month Sarah Healy The Freedom Forum
October is known for being Breast Cancer Awareness Month. In America, it is referred to as National Breast Cancer Awareness Month. It is an annual campaign to increase awareness of the disease. This month is organized by major breast cancer charities Pink ribbon to symbolize breast cancer awareness. Photo: Public Domain Files
every October to increase awareness of the disease and to raise funds for research. The campaign also provides information and support to those affected by breast cancer and their families. The pink ribbon has become a powerful symbol to increase awareness about breast cancer. During Breast Cancer Awareness Month and throughout the year, people wear pink ribbons to honor survivors, remember those who lost their battles because of the disease, and to support the progress that has been made to defeat breast cancer. Cancer is a broad term for a class of diseases characterized by abnormal cells that grow and invade the healthy
“New Year, New Freedom” continued from page 1 “Our first hope is that if students have a chance to evacuate, they do,” said Mrs. Sage. Either way, these lockdowns are certainly an improvement from what was being practiced before. “I definitely think it is always good to reflect and improve from previous lockdowns. It is good to explore different options because one size fits all doesn’t always work in this situation,” said Mr. Christopher Bilotti, math teacher. Another major change that many students are not fond of is the colored zones around the school, designating the bathrooms certain wings will utilize. The new bathroom passes help monitor and signify which bathroom a student should use. “I understand why they’re doing it, so people don’t roam around the halls, but I think people should be allowed to go to other bathrooms if there’s no toilet paper or a long line,” said Pittenger. Even though some students may not see a point of going to a specific bathroom, they do serve a purpose. “[The main purpose] is to have an increase in academic time and a decrease in students wandering around the building,” said Mrs. Sage. Despite many students’ oppositions, the new passes are very efficient and serve many purposes to other students. “I think it has been beneficial so far. It can also help new students and freshman find where the closest bathroom is,” said Mr. Bilotti. Not only do students have to wear the bathroom passes in the hallway, they also have to wear their student ID’s. Students are divided on having to wear these and the purpose they serve. Even so, there are other purposes that the IDs serve besides identification. “It holds more value tying it with lunches and buses, and gives kids a better sense of value because they need this for those things,” said Mr. Bilotti. A major reason for the opposition against the new IDs is that students must have the ID visible when walk-
cells in the body. Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast as a group of cancer cells and occurs when malignant tumors develop in the breast. These cells can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other areas of the body. The cells can spread by breaking away from the original tumor and entering blood vessels or lymph vessels, which branch throughout other tissues in the body. One of the world’s most recognized and respected breast cancer charities is the National Breast Cancer Foundation. The founder, Janelle Hail, had first encountered breast cancer 38 years ago when she was just 34 years old. During those next 11 years, Janelle trained in writing and speaking to equip herself with the knowledge and ability to teach women about this disease. Her desire to help others increased,
Pink flower to symbolize the honorary color of breast cancer awareness. Photo: Wikimedia Commons
and in 1991, she founded the National Breast Cancer Foundation. Last year, the organization raised and spent 12.3 million dollars to fulfill its mission. If one would like to donate to this foundation visit their website at the National Breast Cancer Foundation.
“BASD debuts new logo” continued from page 1
Freedom senior Tristan Wheeler models the bathroom pass lanyard. Photo: Jalen Stewart
ing around the halls. Students are able to tie it on their book bags or wear it around their necks, as long as it is noticeable. In addition to the new ID system, there are now four lunches instead of three. The passing time was changed from 15 minutes between each lunch to five, to make room in the schedule for another half hour lunch. “I don’t think it’s making that big of a difference eating five minutes later,” said Pittenger. The additional lunch has not had a huge impact on the student body. Third block is still the same amount of time, and the other three lunches occur a few minutes earlier. Less students are now in each lunch, which many believe is more efficient. All of these new changes at Freedom are hopefully going to impact the school in a positive way. “I think because it is new, in the beginning people will not like it. But in the long run, I think it will be safer because with all these changes, people will not be scared,” said Mr. Bilotti. Even though some students are against these changes, they were carefully decided upon with students and their safety in mind. “We hope they’ll have a positive effect. Even if students aren’t happy, it is designed with school safety in mind and and students being the number one priority, said Mrs. Sage.
The new logo is also representative of who the City of Bethlehem is and what it means to grow up in Bethlehem. Numerous successful people have graduated from BASD schools and the new logo is intended to portray the idea of what BASD can do. “As we look more broadly, you know, the mayor is a graduate of Bethlehem and the CEO of the Lehigh Valley Economic Cooperation. They were all built by the Bethlehem Area School District and the surrounding community as well,” said Mrs. Sage. Students in the BASD have mixed feelings on the logo change for various reasons. Some feel it was unnecessary and feel that there are more important issues that could have been addressed instead. “I didn’t like it, because I feel that the gear is insinuating they care more about STEM kids than arts kids, and you can tell they paid a lot of money for a designer to make that when they should be using that money to put toilet paper in the bathrooms,” said Margaret Cavanaugh, senior. The actual design of the logo and the process of the design are also two different issues students are having with it.
“Mostly, I wish they would have asked a student to design it because it would have been cheaper and it would have been more personal,” said Cavanaugh. Although some may be apprehensive about the change, the idea that the new logo mainly represents change and innovation is clear. “I think it represents a move towards the future,” said Cavanaugh.
The new BASD logo can be seen on a banner outside Freedom High School. Photo: Carly Grozier
Comic: Victor Fontinez
3 Editorials
The Forum
October 2018
Tune in, Freedom High School
are not able to hear the teacher. made by students of the Pen & Ink announcements in the The TVs were not turned on last year used to be posted only on YouTube. Lucy Funderburk & Delaina Laudenslager morning due to noisy because they were not hooked up to Going online was the only way to get The Freedom Forum classrooms or hallways. the cable. The school faculty and staff access to that information. Some stuFreedom High School’s cafetefinally hooked the TVs up and turned dents either cannot go on to YouTube ria televisions were finally turned them on over the summer. or do not want to take that extra step. on this month. The money for the “I’m glad they are letting us watch The addition of televisions in the TVs came from the leftover monthe TV in the cafeteria.” said Erica cafeteria open up a lot of opportunities ey from the class of 2017 dues. Stull, sophomore. for FHS students. The lunch atmosThis class originally expected the The students of Freedom High phere is better with the TVs on. TurnTVs to play snippets of Freedom School, especially upperclassmen, ing them on is a great achievement High School sporting events. thoroughly enjoy having the televi- and will greatly benefit the school. “I love having the TVs on,” said sions on. It came as a pleasant surprise Mrs. Peg Steckel, math teacher. to see them on The TVs are now used to spread at school. information throughout the “It took long school. Their use of subtitles enough to turn helps students learning the Engthem on,” said Students watching The Freedom Folish language to know what is Daphne going on at Freedom. In future rum’s newscast on the cafeteria TVs. Laudenslager, years, the school hopes to raise sophomore. Photo: Riley Sweitzer enough money to fill every classAn opportuniroom with a TV. Though the public system will still be ty for the adThe students of The Freedom Forum used, having announcements on the vancement of hope to air clips of sports games and television will help the message come student videos the announcements on the TVs. Airing across. will come along the announcements will make it easier “Having the TVs turned on really with the televito communicate announcements to the sparked the interest of the students,” sions being The Freedom Forum’s daily newscast masses each morning. Some students said Mrs. Karla Erdman, English turned on. Videos Screenshot: Riley Sweitzer
New televisions light up the lunchroom
Suicide prevention: what can we do? Stop students from taking their lives Tommy Sheehan Journalism Student over schools in the country. Students
Suicide has affected thousands of kids and adults all over the country. Whatever the reason, there are people working on preventing it every day. There are several causes for suicidal thoughts in students: bullying, drug abuse, family history of suicide, difficulty with relationships with friends or family, and more. The most effective way of preventing suicide is to spread the word all
need to realize that they are not alone and that there are people that care deeply about them. The Aevidum group at Freedom High School promotes suicide prevention and positive relationships. “Try to be a rainbow in someone’s cloud” is a motto posted on the Aevidum website. Also, it is helpful when the school promotes suicide awareness, because if parents lose their child to suicide, Continued on page 6
Kristen Anderson & Sydney Straka Journalism Students
What was your favorite childhood Halloween costume?
Gianna Dowling Freshman
Jewel Levy Sophomore
Kiara James Junior
Fatema Kitabwalla Senior
Mrs. Ackerman Ceramics teacher
“My favorite Halloween costume as a kid was a Chinese food costume.”
“My favorite Halloween costume as a kid was Wonder Woman.”
“My favorite Halloween costume as a kid were those huge inflatable costumes.”
“My favorite Halloween costume as a kid was a witch.”
“My favorite Halloween costume as a kid was a Cabbage Patch Kid.”
4 Editorials The Freedom Forum A publication of Freedom High School
October 2018
The Forum
Has the media been ‘Trumped?’
Bethlehem Area School District 3149 Chester Avenue Bethlehem PA, 18020 (610) 867-5843 www.FHSForum.com
Editors-in-Chief Gabrielle Rader Carson Swick News Editor Isabella Scipioni Editorial Editor Carson Swick
Pates’ Post Editor Riley Sweitzer Entertainment Editor Dymea Schippers Center Spread Editor Gabrielle Rader Sports Editor Jalen Stewart Web Editor Gabrielle Rader Advisor Mrs. Karla Erdman Principal Mr. Michael LaPorta Superintendent Dr. Joseph Roy For our editorial statement and correction policy, please go to www.fhsforum.com/about.html Any photo that is not directly credited is from Microsoft Office. Follow us on Twitter, send us an email, and visit our website! @fhsforum, #fhsforum fhsforum@gmail.com www.fhsforum.com
Left vs. Right: you decide Carson Swick Co-Editor in-Chief
The Problem “The media is not the enemy of the people, the FAKE NEWS is.” Sound familiar? In an era where the Internet is king, citizens are quick to forget any and every form of “news.” So much happens so quickly, it is almost if the brain wants to disconnect from the world of current events. This is not helped by a man in the White House who is so different from every man preceding him. Donald J. Trump has long been a topic of fascination for national media. In the 1990s, his interview walkouts became a notorious symbol of the fight against invasive journalism. When he began considering a presidential campaign, many wondered if Trump could handle the media scrutiny that goes along with running for office. Now, nearly two years into his term, the question has two possible answers:
Donald Trump has called out the “dishonest press” on many occasions with his signature finger wave. Photo: Flickr
The Left Says
The Right Says
President Trump’s attacks on the media are uncalled for, and he is unable to deal with negative reports about him. He is quick to judge and discredit journalists by insulting them personally, which demonstrates an ultimate lack of respect. “I think that Trump doesn’t like viewpoints that differ from his own,” said Ms. Karen Buchanan, English teacher. Trump’s harsh attitude toward the mainstream media goes beyond individual journalists. He attempts to control networks he perceives as illegitimate. Among the many outlets of “fake news,” Trump has harassed CNN and MSNBC the most. And let’s not forget that time he told a Hispanic reporter to “go back to Univision.” “Trump has been unable to keep his eye on the prize because he is too emotional and too easily distracted,” said Ms. Buchanan.
Donald Trump is an extraordinary man—one who speaks his mind and refrains from using a “politician’s filter.” “Trump was elected to office because of his difference in personality. The silent majority wanted to see someone different than the average politician,” said James Spadafora, senior. Over the last several years, Trump has stood up to the country’s biggest, yet most quiet problem: political correctness. Political correctness has been used masterfully by Democrats to dance around the country’s important issues. Of course, the media is just another player in this left -wing of radicals. As the President has pointed out, the media has a definite liberal bias. They tend to report on stories that will generate the most controversy. Generally speaking, these stories are political bashings of Trump, since people tend to blame the country’s flaws
The President’s outbursts are not confined to just press conferences. His use of Twitter to address a news story and lash out at foreign leaders like Bashar al-Assad (of Syria) and Hassan Rouhani (Iran) is disturbing. “I remember Trump’s nicknames [for opponents] the most. He has a very adversarial relationship with the media,” said Mr. William DeNofa, history teacher. While being the leader of the free world is no easy task, Donald Trump’s handling of mass media has created a divide in this country that will be difficult to heal. Never before has it been so difficult for reporters to function in America’s political landscape. The President’s cries have created a nation where too many people are unable to adhere to the truth.
solely on the President. Even former Secretary of State John Kerry has stated that, since the Clinton era, the press has been looking to tear down US presidents more and more. “The fairness doctrine has been disregarded by both sides,” said Mr. William DeNofa, history teacher. Despite this, the media was not nearly as harsh on President Obama as they are on President Trump today. Thus, Trump’s responses seem more outlandish. “President Trump attacks the media as a response to the media attacking him,” said Spadafora. The issue of feeding the masses what they want to hear is detrimental to Trump and the office of the Presidency. The spread of “fake news” is simply a way for angry liberals to express their frustration from losing the 2016 election.
The Solution
L-R: Mr. Michael DiBilio, Ms. Laurie Sage, Mr. Michael LaPorta, Ms. Maureen Leeson, Mr. William Cecchini
Trump has attacked news organizations in Tweets like the one above. Screenshot: Riley Sweitzer
Photo: Christmas City Studios
The rise of technology has created new ways to create and spread information, and there is no way to assure the validity of said information. While the President’s language can be quite divisive, there is certainly a great amount of exaggeration from both sides. To keep America functioning properly, it is critical for citizens to examine multiple arguments before making a decision. Government officials must allow
all forms media to report honestly and accurately, instead of using them to promote a particular political agenda. Without such practices in place, a true free press cannot exist.
October 2018
Editorials 5
The Forum
Freedom students speak about change Three ways to make the world a better place Brian Gerra Journalism Student
Take a look at the news on any given day. Often, it is full of tragedies and horrible things happening all over the world. Just about everyone has one, if not many, things they would like to change about the world around us. Freedom students gave their opinion on how we could improve our school, as well as our world. “I would change how the classes are divided between AP, Honors, and Academic, and would prefer if they had another option,” said Ryan Frantz, sophomore. Although equality has always been a founding principle of the United States, it is still clear that some people have more opportunities than others. “I wish there were more opportunities for everyone, and people were treated equally,” said Frantz. “[If I could change] anything about
the school, [it] would probably be the lunches, like, the food,” said Michael Kearns, junior. Kearns also expressed a desire to get rid of war. Just about everyone can agree that the would be a better place without war. Wars have been fought for thousands and thousands of years, and killed 108 million people during the 20th century. With the conflicts like the Syrian Civil War happening in the Middle East, these numbers do not seem to be going away anytime soon. Still, it is always nice to imagine a world where war did not exist and everyone got along. Students also voiced their ambition to change school policies. “I’d probably change the hours. You know the research has shown that high schoolers perform better when school starts later and ends later. I think right now it starts a little too
early,” said Sam Hicks, senior. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that students start school at 8:30 A.M. or later to allow students to get a proper amount of sleep and succeed in school. Additionally, inequality amongst us has fueled people’s desire to change the world. “I would definitely change the class dynamics, and the way people are discriminated against, and the way there are people from other countries going hungry. I think that’s unfair,” said Hicks. Although there is plenty of food in the world to feed everyone, some people have the disadvantage of being born in a country where access to food is limited. According to the Food Aid Foundation, there are 795 million people who don’t have enough food to lead a healthy life. Thousands of tons of food are thrown away every day, which is easily enough to feed everyone in need.
Whether it is war, hunger, or inequality, everyone has something they would like to change about the world. Although it may seem almost impossible to change something on such a large scale, helping out and trying to spark change in school or in the community is always a great way to start.
Citizens can help the earth with their own hands. Photo: Pixabay
Vaccine requirement protects students from disease FHS seniors face new demands don’t have a medical doctor and insurance. You can also go to Bethlehem Health Bureau to get it, and we are As the new school year begins, stu- also providing special students that dents, parents, and faculty members couldn’t get to the clinic with vacare reminded of the importance of cines in school,” said Ms. Dalton. student health. Recently, Pennsylvania has mandated that high school seniors must receive the Meningitis vaccine before the start of the school year. “The state has mandated it. They upped the immunization requirements based on the recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics, so it’s all evidence based research,” said Ms. Susan Dalton, Freedom High A patient getting a vaccination from a School nurse. licensed healthcare professional. Students who have insurance that covers the vaccination were expected Photo: Pixabay to get the vaccine from their doctor. Students who did not have coverage Students could be exempt from the could still get the vaccine through vaccine if they have a moral or reliVaccines for Children, a federal or- gious reason for not getting the vacganization that provides children from cination. Without a legitimate excuse, low-income families with immuniza- students risk not being able to attend tions. The school also provides stu- school. dents who come from low-income “They sent a letter to my mom sayfamilies with other resources. ing I couldn’t come back to school if I “We had an immunization clinic at didn’t get it,” said Madison Bender, Liberty High School for students that senior. Isabella Scipioni News Editor
While many students rushed to get the vaccination before the beginning of the school year, the district has previously informed them of the new requirements. “Every year we send out 11th grade physicals. We attached the required vaccine information, we sent a big mailing out in May, did another mailing out in July, it’s on the school health website, and in August we informed the students about the clinic,” said Ms. Dalton. Despite many students who believe the vaccination is an inconvenience, many still support it. “I think that it is better to be safe than sorry and have everyone get the vaccine instead of there being a possibility of meningitis spreading throughout the school,” said Victoria Pantaleo, senior. Freedom High School nurses support the vaccination and have done everything in their power to help students meet the requirements. “I think the requirement is good actually because it’s evidence based, it’s supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics, and it protects children
from disease. Also it protects the population that can’t get immunizations,” said Ms. Dalton. Despite the risk of missing school, vaccinations protect students from diseases and keep the school community healthy. “We forget how devastating measles is or meningitis is until you have an outbreak,” said Ms. Dalton.
Needles used for vaccinations in an apple/ Photo: Flickr
Monday, October 22—Friday, October 26
Pajama Day! Be sure to wear your favorite pair of pajamas to enjoy a cozy Monday!
Grout-fit Day!
Upperclassmen: Old people
Underclassmen: Babies Today it is socially acceptable to wear an All you old juniors and outfit with different seniors be sure to dress like an shades of grey. old person. Freshman and sophomores be sure to dress as if you were a baby.
Jersey Day!
Freedom Friday
Sport any of your favorite jerseys today!
Rock that Black and Gold! Be creative!
6 Editorials
October 2018
The Forum
School administration rethinks punishment Is in-school suspension a good idea? Mandy Balboni The Freedom Forum
Since more and more students are being suspended, Freedom High School is setting up a new in-school suspension policy. Some think this is a great idea and others not so much. Instead of a student being suspended and staying out of school for a few days, now they must come to the school, but not in the normal school setting where they would be attending all their blocks and lunch. Students must surrender any devices they have when they walk into the suspension classroom. The student may take a Chromebook to work on anything occurring in their classes. “I think it will be much more effec-
tive because the students will not experience a lag in their school work,” said Mrs. Laurie Sage, assistant principal. Students can even have access to their teachers and can take tests or present a presentation within their inschool suspension. The suspension takes place the same time as a regular school day and typically lasts one to three days. “When students were at home, there was no guarantee that they were doing anything. Now students are monitored in doing any work they need to do with access to their teacher,” said Mrs. Sage. This policy does not fully replace out -of-school suspension. In-school suspension will be used for what the school considers more minor infrac-
break to eat lunch and are monitored by teachers. The student can either bring their lunch or they will be provided with a brown bag lunch from the school. The student must stay in their classroom during this Room 105 where the in-school suspensions will be held. time and cannot go Photo: Mandy Balboni to the lunch room. Overall, in school suspension is a good tions. Any major infraction such as experiment and hopefully it will have one dealing with drugs, fighting, or a positive effect on the school. weapons will result in an out of school suspension. Students only receive one 30-minute
Surf the web at high speeds New year brings improvements to Freedom’s network Jalen Stewart Sports Editor
Have you noticed this year your teacher’s Kahoot games have been quicker or that you have been logging into your Chromebook a lot faster? This is because the Bethlehem Area School District has focused on improving the network. The technology department at Freedom High School has devoted time and effort into these improvements. Ms. Marie Bachman, director of Information Technology (better known as “I.T”) has been hard at work overcoming this challenge. “This summer improving the net
With the new network changes, students will see this screen faster than ever before. Photo: Jalen Stewart
Wi-Fi symbol Photo: Pixabay
work was a top priority of the I.T department. Last year, we were receiving reports of slowness and we knew we had to do something. And it had to be done this summer, because teachers especially on the secondary level have started to use schoology more and more,” said Ms.Bachman. This was definitely much needed because of the change in how classrooms are held now. “There are more assignments through online systems such as Schoology instead of hard textbooks that require a good network connec-
tion so that the students and teachers can get out to the systems that they need to get out to,” said Ms. Bachman. The network's improvements will allow students and teachers to translate better online conditions into a better classroom experience. “I hope that it will make it more efficient and effective for the students and teachers to get out to things like Schoology faster; and when you are on Schoology you will be able to get to a unit folder and be able to take test and quizzes quicker. It is not fun for students to see a spinning beach ball or see a web page that takes awhile to load because it is a waste of instructional time and the student’s time,” said Ms. Bachman. This was an extremely important enhancement that the school has made, because the amount of time students spend on the Internet is increasing every year. Over the years, the district has added more programs that students can utilize to help them achieve higher in the classroom. These advancements call for an im-
provement to the network to ensure that the programs are running smoothly and are up to date. The changes require a lot of people who are willing to put in hours of hard work and planning to get the job done. So kudos to Ms. Bachman and our technology department for enhancing student experience with technology in Freedom High School.
Chromebooks, which have been criticized in the past, are improved this year. Photo: Riley Sweitzer
“Suicide Prevention: what can we do?” continued from page 2 they may blame the school for their loss. It is also important for parents to talk to their children every day about how their day went. Another tip is that parents should also take action to hide any unprescribed medicine so their kids won’t be able to access it. Children should stay away from drugs, even if it numbs the pain, they should always talk to a parent or trusted adult about their situation. “If you are always trying to be normal, you will never know how amaz-
ing you can be,” according to the Aevidum website. Everyone talks about bullying, but it continues. Bullying has a great effect on students, especially physical bullying. It can make students feel like there is no way out, and they believe that the bullies will continue harassing them everyday to the point where kids are scared to go to school every morning. Some students may be scared to reach out to somebody because they may feel isolated because of bullying. I feel that if the students can not reach out to someone, then we have to
reach out to them. Schools should not be hesitant to let everyone know that there are guidance counselors in the school to talk to. No student should feel like there is no escape. There are more and more students committing suicide each year, and there are multiple people trying to prevent as many suicides as possible. No student should feel like taking their own lives; everyone deserves to live life to the fullest.
Left: At Freedom High School, Aevidum promotes suicide prevention and mental health awareness. Photo: Aevidum website Above: Aevidum bracelets are sold for two dollars each at Freedom High School. Photo: Karla Erdman
October 2018
Editorials 7
The Forum
Rader’s Rant: fReEdOm High School The ins and outs of Freedom’s new rules Gabrielle Rader Co Editor in-Chief
People complain when change happens. There is no avoiding change whether it is for the better or the worse. Rules come along with this whole life thing we are living together. Although some people may not agree with rules, that does not mean they should not be followed. You are probably wondering what I’m getting to here (yeah, so am I). My point is Freedom High School (FHS) has put in place new rules and new policies that many students believe are “whack.” Although it is unfortunate that seniors have to change their carefree ways for their last year, the other grades would have to start adjusting sooner or later. I am having a hard time adjusting myself. I have lost my ID countless times, and school has just begun. I am constantly leaving it in my car or on my dresser. Almost every other high school requires their students to wear IDs all the time. I really see no issue in this, plus we all need it to do things at school thanks to all the changes. If you are afraid your outfit won’t match the gold and black lanyard, just buy a whole new wardrobe...duh. Trust me, your ‘fit’ looks good no matter what, so just wear your ID with that Patriot pride. In order to walk, the ID is your ticket, which means you even need it for the bathrooms. But do not forget to
wear the bathroom pass, too. I mean they are super cute and a convenient size. I know many have an issue with the bathrooms being color coded and having to wear the passes. It is even more of an issue since now people can’t link up with their homies because they know where you are supposed to be #stalkers. Anyway, you should be linking up with your teachers to get some good grades.
This sign from Mrs. Karla Erdman’s room shows you what to bring when leaving the classroom.
walking on the RIGHT side of the hallway. It makes complete logical sense, yes? Walking on the right side of the hallway: what a concept. I really hope we all get used to these life-changing rules. Here is to a funfilled, successful year to everyone. Keep doing your thing FHS, and please make sure to follow the rules and to walk on the right side of the hallway. Hope we can all benefit from my last first Rader’s Rant of the year *tears*.
Photo: Gabrielle Rader
As you know, students must now carry these bathroom passes into incredibly sanitary restrooms. Photo: Gabrielle Rader
These bathroom changes needed to be made. I mean, there was a boy in the bathroom once just chilling with some of his friends who were girls. To be honest, I do not understand why people like hanging out in the bathrooms...nasty. Gotta love FHS stu-
dents, am I right? Thanks to the Class of 2022, we added a new lunch. The freshman class is the largest class in FHS at the moment. So another lunch was necessary for quicker service and less grouchy students. Another efficient addition to lunch is payment at the registers. The scanning your nifty new ID instead of punching in your numbers provides a sneak peek into the college life. Many students love complaining about this change, but the real world awaits. I would like to discuss an unspoken rule that has never changed. I have said it before in my rants, but some of the freshman may not have heard me say it. We have all been in a car or bus, so we all know that here in the United States we drive on the RIGHT side of the road. I don’t know about you, but it would be super cool if I could efficiently walk to classes. So let us all practice before we drive by
Even though you all know who I am, I must carry this ID with me at all times. Photo: Gabrielle Rader
In addition to the new school-year, new staff members have joined the Freedom the offices, the library, and the arts. Be sure to give them a wa
“What are you looking forward to in y Amanda Kostalis (English) “I am most looking forward to teaching challenging and complex texts, discussing my students ideas, and seeing the literature from their perspective. I am hoping I can persuade some of them to find a smidge of joy in reading varying genres and maybe, just maybe, help them become readers and appreciators of literature for life.”
Kimberly Elliott (American Sign Language) “Being new to FHS, I am looking forward to learning more about the students, faculty and staff. I am looking forward to becoming more involved within the FHS community. You will find me at FHS sporting events, shows, competitions, ceremonies, etc. I like to show my support for our students' successes inside and outside of the classroom. I am also looking forward to spreading awareness of Deaf culture and American Sign Language throughout the FHS community.”
Dave Solliday (Science)
Dante Terenzio
(Hall Monitor)
“I am looking forward to being a part of the Freedom Family, meeting new people, and teaching a new subject-
“Something I’m looking forward to here is interacting with kids and being apart of the freedom family.”
John Kaczmarek (Guidance Counselor) “I am looking forward to two things, getting to know my students and having a positive impact on the school community. I am excited to assist my students in anyway possible and to be an individual within the school students can come to for support. As I continue to get to know my students throughout the year, I am hoping to be able to set them up for success in life after Freedom.”
Brendan Burke (Librarian) “I look forward to becoming a valuable part of the Freedom Family by working with my colleagues from all the different content areas to make school a fun, interesting, and relevant place for all students to explore their interests. Over the next few months, I look forward to making the Library into a place where students can come to grown/use their knowledge, skills, and passions in practical, real-life opportunities.
John Harvey
Jennifer McCauley (Math)
(Industrial Arts/PLTW)
“I am looking forward to meeting new people and walking the halls of my alma mater.”
“Something I am looking forward to in my new position are the new challenges in building the PLTW program.”
Krystel Oleksza (Special Education) “One thing that I am looking forward to this year is to build positive relationships with my students as I help prepare them for the workforce.”
Family. Not only has Freedom gained new staff for academics, but also in arm welcome! We asked the new staff this question…
your new position at Freedom?” Jeanne Negron-Garcia Jennifer Rodriguez
(Guidance Counselor)
(Athletic Office Secretary) “I look forward to continuing to work collaboratively with my students and my new Freedom Family and learning about different school systems as an administrative intern this year.”
“Something I’m looking forward to at Freedom is meeting new people and trying to help better the school in the best way I can.”
Krystal Schmidt (Special Education) “ I am looking forward to working with and getting to know the staff and students at Freedom, being a part of the Freedom Family, and participating in the many activities and events at the school. Everyone has been so welcoming. I am very excited to be here and see what the year has in store!”
Jonathan Brones (Spanish) “I am looking forward to getting to know all the wonderful people around me, who come together with their diverse backgrounds to make this the community of which I am now a part. Thank you to those who have already welcomed me and made the acclimation to this new environment easier.”
Grace Fronheiser Jamie Toohey
(Biology/Chemistry)
(Photography) “I’m most excited to learn about my students, and I’m excited for BASD Mini-THON and attending other school events. I’m also looking forward to cross country leagues and districts, since I am their assistant
“I am most looking forward to becoming a part of the Freedom Family and seeing all the creativity our students can capture in photographs.”
Caroline Nelson (Main Office Secretary) “Being in the Main Office, as opposed to the Guidance Office, will allow me to interact more with all staff members. And, I finally have windows!”
Dave Berke (Supply Room/Custodial) “Plenty of work to keep me busy, to make the day go faster.”
Elvia Bermudez (Guidance Secretary) “Learning how everything works here at Freedom and getting to know the students and staff. I am also looking forward to learning to see what the guidance counselors do and what services they provide to the students. Overall, I’m just very excited to learn
Some photos submitted by staff members and some taken by Sydney Straka and Kristen Anderson
10 Pates’ Post
The Forum
October 2018
Freedom takes part in Celtic tradition Celtic Classic features FHS students Riley Sweitzer Pates Post
Celtic Classic is a festival that occurs in Bethlehem and focuses on Celtic traditions, such as music and food. The festival takes place over one weekend each year. This year’s festival was from September 28-30. Freedom High School’s Celtic Ensemble was invited to perform at Celtic Classic this year. The group was created five years ago by former student Cameron Bell and Mr. Andrew Lynn, assistant band director. Celtic Ensemble meets every Friday
to rehearse and play traditional Celtic music. Their set was 30 minutes long and included pieces played by the group and sets played by individual members. Alumni were also invited back to perform with the group. Different types of traditional Celtic music pieces were played by the ensemble, including jigs, slip jigs, reels, and more. Some of the pieces played included “The Butterfly”, “Swallowtail Jig”, and “Tam Lin Reel”. Just because the group is connected to orchestra, strings are not the only
instruments in the ensemble. The group includes violins and violas, pennywhistles, guitars, and more. The performance went well and the group hopes to have more performance opportunities at Celtic Classic in the future. Celtic Ensemble also has many performances throughout the school year, including The FHS Celtic Ensemble Onstage at Celtic Classic winter and spring orchestra Photo: Andrew Lynn concerts, elementary school caroling, and more.
Share good vibes and smiling eyes Meet Jared Dowling, student of the month
Delaina Laudenslager Riley Sweitzer The Freedom Forum Pates Post Editor
Jared Dowling posing next to a river. Photo Submitted: Jared Dowling
To kick off this school year’s Student of the Month, Jared Dowling is featured for October. Dowling, a junior, is involved in many clubs and organizations at Freedom High School. He is known for being a friendly face in the hallway. “I think I deserve student of the month because I give positivity for everyone,” said Dowling. He is the president of the 2020 junior class. He is known to try his best at any task, whether that be school or sports, and he is also a good role model. “I am in debate team, band, classic book club, student government,
key club, and volleyball,” said Dowling. Dowling started playing volleyball last year when his friend convinced him to join. “I play any position for defense,” said Dowling. One of Dowling’s prized possessions is his gold watch collection. He has three watches in his collection, but each one is very special to him, and he wears one that goes with his outfit everyday. “I have a gold Michael Kors that I normally wear and a Black Hamilton that I wear when there are special occasions, and two or three others that I wear with normal outfits,” said Dowling. Another prized possession of Dowling’s is his fifth grade spelling
bee trophy. His spelling prowess should come as no surprise. In the future, he wants to become either a pediatric oncologist or a criminal prosecution lawyer. “My dream would be to go to the University of Pennsylvania, but I would also really want to attend Villanova,” said Dowling. Through all of the stress that can be caused by all of his schoolwork and extracurricular activities, Dowling tries his best to remain positive. “I am a positive role model for those who may not have one. I also try to keep people happy, or if they are sad, I try to cheer them up,” said Dowling.
Theater company begins a new era The new theater director and plans for upcoming season
Abby Catera The Freedom Forum “Theater is an opportunity to be someone different than yourself. It’s the chance to become someone else while learning about yourself as a person at the same time,” said Mr. Justin Amann, Freedom High School theater director. Ever since the end of last year when Ms. Jennifer Wescoe put in her resignation from being Freedom’s theater director, people have been anxiously awaiting the news of who was going to fill her spot. Many were sad for her leaving, but grateful that she could pursue her future dreams, and were thankful for all the time and effort she had put into the company. After months of waiting to find out who was going to be the next theater director, students were greeted with the bright new face of Mr. Justin Amann. “There’s no specific plans for this upcoming year that are drastically different from last year. I think Ms. Jen Wescoe put together an incredible program that I greatly admire, all of
Mr. Amann brings a refreshing attitude to FHSTC. Photo submission: Justin Amann
which that has been strengthened by everyone who had been a part of it. Of course it will be different because we are different people, although we have similar beliefs, like students being bigger than just themselves and helping kids fall in love with theater,” said Mr. Amann. Mr. Amann is a new face to Freedom
High School, but he is definitely no stranger to theater. He has been in many school plays and musicals as well as also being part of stage crew. Anyone who meets Mr. Amann can see how much he loves theater and how excited he is to work with his theater family his first year here. “I am excited to meet all of the students that are interested in being part of the show and I can’t wait to learn about the Freedom traditions. I'm also looking forward to working with the parents and alumni because there’s a vast network of people who are loyal and love Freedom theater,” said Mr. Amann. Just as much as Mr. Amann is excited to work with his new team of students, they are just as thrilled to work with him. Theater students have already accepted him with open arms and have a place in their hearts for him. They have also already started to get to work with him as the fall play, “A Christmas Carol”, has been selected and casted. “I'm really excited for everything that is about to come, I feel like he has a lot of great values and morals, like how a theater should be run and how
people should support each other, that I really appreciate. He seems to be very open to incorporating our past traditions as well as introducing new traditions to our family,” said Anjini Patel, Theater Company President, senior. The year is bound to be filled with wonderful surprises, new traditions, and new perspectives on theater for students. It is always refreshing and eye opening to work with a new person who wants to teach kids just as much about theater and the world as he wants to gain and acquire from them. “Denise Parker is my biggest inspiration, she inspired me by giving me ownership to things that empowered me and by letting my own power shine. It’s flattering to know that people can be inspired by me as well. I want to inspire my team by helping them prepare and become a good citizen by letting their personality shine and having them take ownership. I want to be there for them in a way where I'm focused on the person they become in 10 years and not just what they put on the stage,” said Mr. Amann.
October 2018
The Forum
Pates’ Post 11
Educator recognized for outstanding teaching The B.E.S.T. of the best at Freedom Zach Chomitzky Journalism Student
Teaching is not the easiest job, but it is even more difficult for educators to be recognized for their achievements. The constant paperwork, continual need for innovative lesson plans, and at times, challenging students can create obstacles that prevent teachers from succeeding to their fullest potential. However, these roadblocks did not stop Freedom science teacher Mrs. Amber Chiafulio from surpassing her goals as an instructor to become the recipient of the BASD’s Bethlehem Educational Scholastic Trust (B.E.S.T.) Award, as well as earn a spot as a finalist for the 2019 Pennsylvania Teacher of the Year Award. Mrs. Chiafulio began teaching at Freedom in August 2006 after graduating from Cedar Crest College with an undergraduate in biology and a masters in education. She currently teaches honors and AP biology as well as the biotechnology elective. The B.E.S.T. Award was founded in
2000 by a group of civic leaders at the Lehigh Valley Community Foundation (LVCF) in order to recognize those outstanding educators within the BASD. Candidates are nominated for the award each spring by peers, students, parents, and other community members for their outstanding efforts in the classroom. Mrs. Chiafulio’s students and coworkers felt she was worthy of the award due to “her passionate approach to STEM education, her advocation of equitable opportunities for all students, and her formation of meaningful and dynamic relationships with her students,” (LVCF). The awards committee, comprised of current and past instructors within the BASD, review all applications to determine the recipients of the B.E.S.T. Award. According to Megan Briggs, Director of Community Investments at the LVCF, the committee’s criteria includes the teacher’s support for students beyond the classroom, enthusiasm and expertise in their subject, and outstanding personal characteristics
Mrs. Chiafulio received a monetary prize for the B.E.S.T. Award at the district’s final faculty meeting in May from Bernard J. Story, President and CEO of the LVCF. Photo: LVC Foundation Twitter
that enhance the learning environment. It was these qualities of Mrs. Chiafulio that granted her this outstanding teaching achievement. “The B.E.S.T. Award was a complete surprise. [The winner] was announced at the final faculty meeting. I actually thought someone else was more likely to win, but the shock on my face was pretty obvious,” said Mrs. Chiafulio. Briggs believes that teachers seeing their peers achieve this success in their careers will drive them to work harder in establishing a thoughtful and engaging learning environment. “[The B.E.S.T. Award] creates motivation and positivity within the school for teachers to push for their highest level of success,” said Briggs. Mrs. Chiafulio received a certificate and monetary prize along with the award; however, she continued to strive for greater academic success by becoming one of twelve finalists for the 2019 Pennsylvania Teacher of the Year Award. The Pennsylvania Teacher of the Year Award is presented annually to one hard-working educator within the state at any education level. Teachers are nominated throughout the year by students, administrators, and other faculty members and must then submit an additional application to the Pennsylvania Chapter of the National Network of State Teachers of the Year (PA-NNSTOY). “For the Teacher of the Year nomination, Ms. Leeson nominated me, and it was on a day where I was feeling pretty low and things weren’t going right with my lessons, and I felt like I wasn’t doing a very good job. It was a good morale boost seeing someone recognize my efforts,” said Mrs. Chiafulio. The PA-NNSTOY, founded in 1995 in conjunction with the Pennsylvania Department of Education, provides materials and services in the process of selecting the Pennsylvania Teacher
of the Year. The winner of the annual award becomes responsible to attend meetings within the Pennsylvania Department of Education as well as to lead presentations at educational conferences across the state, such as the Pennsylvania Teacher of the Year Educational Forum. Should Mrs. Chiafulio receive this prestigious award, she is expected to travel the state to discuss essential teaching practices at professional development workshops. “I researched last year’s winner, Jen Wahl, and she has been given the opportunity to provide keynotes and…to get more involved in education politics and because of that, she has a voice, and she is a part of the change in PA to advance education,” said Mrs. Chiafulio. Mrs. Chiafulio will remain a member of the PA-NNSTOY, regardless of the award results, and be able to do her part to promote progress in Pennsylvania education. However, Mrs. Chiafulio believes winning the award would be a sense of validation that her career is heading in the right direction. “So many teachers make a lot of sacrifices in the name of their students… winning is a sense of validation that some of those sacrifices are being recognized and appreciated.…it would be a bit of a confidence boost knowing that I’m heading in the right direction for wherever my career journey takes me,” said Mrs. Chiafulio. Whether or not Mrs. Chiafulio wins the PA Teacher of the Year Award, she will still continue to promote positive educational growth for each student in and outside of her classroom. “I’ve been so honored and humbled by the outpouring support from district faculty, staff, parents, and students. Bethlehem for the win,” said Mrs. Chiafulio.
Clothing pantry celebrates anniversary Give aid to students in need Andrew Thompson The Freedom Forum
In 2017, the guidance counselors and the Parent Teacher Organization came up with an idea to make a clothing pantry to help out students at Freedom High School. It is available for whoever cannot get what they need to be able to go grab anything useful that may help them out. Over the last year, many items have been donated to help students obtain what they need whenever they need it. Items such as school supplies, hygiene products, and clothing have been donated to students in need. There is also food stored in the pantry if one cannot afford any food items at home and is also available if a student has not eaten in the morning. They are accepting supplies at anytime during the day.
Inside the food and clothing pantry
At least once a day counselors ask for the keys to let students get things they need or to donate supplies. “It really puts students at ease because those that know they need something can always ask and those
advisor to go in and take what they need, or donate any useful supplies. If anyone knows a student who has something that they want to donate, please spread the word. We want to let people know about the pantry, especially since there are new students coming in to join our Freedom Family this year. What they are currently low in is backpacks for students. The guidance counselors, staff, and everyone here at Freedom would like to thank those who donated, including teachers, member of the Parent Teacher Organization, and students. Everyone involved has helped to Photos: Andrew Thompson change the lives of those in need. who are aware of it can ask their guidance counselor,” said Mrs. Loretta Lohenitz, guidance counselor. At any time, depending on the teacher, students can ask to go to the guidance office in room 207, and ask the
12 Pates’ Post
The Forum
October 2018
Key Club locks into Freedom Get involved in the community Carly Grozier Journalism Student
Key Club is an organization that focuses on leadership within communities and schools in over 38 countries. Its foundation is based from the Kiwanis Club, an organization started to make a difference for kids all over the world. In 1925, two members of Kiwanis Club in Sacramento decided to start a junior club that mimics Kiwanis, and they named it Key Club because of the overarching idea that initially, all the key boys in the school got involved. Well, Key Club is not just for boys. This school year, sophomore Lauren Charboneau is bringing Key Club to Freedom High School (FHS). “I wanted to get involved in the com-
munity and also in the Key Clubbers’ lives. I want everyone to feel involved and included,” said Charboneau. It is only the first year of Key Club, and many projects and activities are already in the works. “I want to do the Thirst Project,” said Charboneau. For those that do not know what the Thirst Project is, it is a project that aims to supply people in need worldwide with clean drinking water. “I want to do soup kitchens, park clean ups would also be really fun, and spending time with little kids could also have a really good impact on everyone,” said Charboneau. Charboneau will work alongside more than 70 others students to start off Key Club this year. Nicole Spaziani, sophomore, also decided to join Key Club this year.
“I thought it would be a good way to For anyone looking to become a get involved in my community, make leader and help within our school and new friends, and have an impact on the community, Key Club is a great the people who need it most. This option. Although it started here just year in Key Club I’m really looking last month, Key Club already has over forward to just helping out, finding 70 members. To this day, it is is the new ways to get community service, biggest and oldest club in high and finding ways to make the world a schools everywhere. happier place,” said Spaziani. Unlike other clubs in FHS, when getting involved in projects for Key Club you are able to earn community service hours to contribute to the required hours for graduation.. Key Club shoots to achieve four main things: leadership, caring, character building, and inclusiveness. They work hard to make the world a better place, inside and outside of our community. It provides students with opportunities for com- Posters in the FHS halls showing Key munity service hours, travel, scholar- Club social medias. ships, and more. Photo: Carly Grozier
Freedom Family continues to Riot What to know about this year’s Riot Squad Abby Catera The Freedom Forum
On Friday nights, bright lights shine down onto the bleachers filled with cheering fans. Students are fascinated as they watch their peers play even better than before. There is no doubt that at Freedom High School (FHS) there is a dedicated football team leading them to be number one. Would this have been achieved if it was not for the high amounts of energy the FHS Riot Squad radiates? “The Riot Squad is important because the football team needs the energy that we give off, and a football player would appreciate the support because they know people have their back,” said Jack Rosen, senior. At the end of each week, students, teachers, parents, and alumni gather at the football games to show pride and support for FHS. Key players who make the games even more fun and
enjoyable are the school’s band, cheerleaders, and of course, football players. Just above the turf field you will see a section of students dressed in crazy clothes cheering at the top of their lungs for their school. This is the Riot Squad. So, how does one join the Riot Squad? “There’s no process of joining the Riot squad, you just show up, match the theme, and get loud. It's funny because a lot of people are scared of Max Stevens, the one Riot squad leader, but he's harmless. He's just really loud and you just have to match it and you won’t be intimidated then,” said Rachael Iacovone, senior Riot Squad captain. Each year the school gets to choose their new student section leaders for the upcoming year. These students are usually chosen because of their ability to include people and their embodiment of school spirit. This year’s sen-
ior Riot Squad leaders are Max Stevens, Rachael Iacovone, and Dominic Augello. These students have a lot of pride for their Riot Squad. “For me seeing Freedom Family coming together and having one bond over the football team is why the Riot Squad means so much to me. I see kids in the hallway and I don’t know their name but then we have something in common that brings us together. The freshman refer to me as the person who is loud, and as being captain, which is cool because I couldn’t tell you who mine was freshman year,” said Iacovone. If you have been to any FHS football games, another person you would surely know is Max Stevens. Max Stevens is a senior at Freedom and many know him as the “Riot Squad God”. He gets this name not only because he occasionally dresses up as God himself and parts the sea of FHS students, but also because of the strong presence he has over everyone.
Top left: White Out game against Bethlehem Catholic Photo: Carson Swick Top right: Girls in the front row spell out ‘PATRIOTS’ on their stomachs. Photo: Gabrielle Rader Bottom left: If you are lucky, Max Stevens may just put this tricorne hat on your head. Photo: Carson Swick Bottom right: The drumline hypes up the Riot Squad at the end of the third quarter of every game. Photo: Carson Swick
Some people find him to be intimidating or scary, but his personality is just crazy and contagious. “I’m not the god, I’m just the loudest. Everyone that comes has the same effect on the squad. I just start the chants,” said Stevens. Stevens could not be more right, every single person that comes out to cheer on their team has a huge effect on the football team. Every week hundreds of students come out to give off their energy and help the team. For many at Freedom, it is their favorite part of the week and gives them a lot of joy. “My favorite thing about being in the Riot Squad is being with my friends and having a good time, the atmosphere of the Riot Squad is very contagious and we also do a great job of embodying the term Freedom family. For me being part of the Riot Squad means being a part of something greater than myself,” said Rosen.
The Forum
October 2018
13 Entertainment
Horror game sees innovation ‘Dead Space’ shows space like never before Ethan Baron Journalism Student
Any gamers that are interested in the horror genre, prefer gruesome science fiction over realistic titles, monsters that do not go down as easily as simply shooting a zombie in the head, and dark atmospheres that will give the chills around every corridor, “Dead Space” would be the perfect match for any gamer’s selection. “Fortunately for horror fans, Dead Space is a great example of the genre and is an awesome way to launch a franchise that could continue for many years to come,” said IGN. Dead Space is a Sci-Fi horror game that takes our protagonist Isaac Clarke (Engineer) through a living nightmare on the tremendous planet cracker class spaceship known as the USG Ishimura. It all starts when the Ishimura decides to go on an illegal mining opera-
tion to retrieve an alien artifact on the planet Aegis Seven. They believed it would bring great power to them, but instead chaos wreaks havoc as crew members become insane causing them to kill other people as well as themselves and start to hallucinate. If that is not total anarchy, aliens board the ship and kill off the rest of the crew and re-animate them into zombie-like aliens called Necromorphs. The player as Isaac Clarke, is part of a repair team that was sent to repair their comms when the player realizes that what he or she is dealing with is much more than a simple two day repair. The gamers are left with two companions who guide them through the gruesome bloodbath as they are only equipped with engineering equipment such as cutters to kill off the Necromorphs, due to the fact that shooting their head is just not going to cut it. Instead, players must dismem-
ber their limbs in order to put them down for good, unless they fake their death just so they have another opportunity to kill the protagonist. There is a wide variety of weapons to use to adapt to each gamer’s playstyle, as well as a wide variety of enemies to deal with. “Dead Space is a really scary, intense, well made piece of art. The HUD-less interface is revolutionary. The plot is compelling and the characters have depth. It is very violent, but the violence is directed solely at aliens,” said Common Sense Media. Google reviews give this a 4.7 out of five star rating, and IGN gives this game an 8.7 out of ten. This game is rated M for mature, so expect a lot of blood and violence. This game is available for Xbox 360, Xbox One (Backwards Compatible) and PS3. Hopefully, gamers are prepared to deal with what lies ahead in this dark, gruesome horror story that will make the faint-hearted sick to their stom-
achs and send chills down their spines. Will you survive with Necromorphs around every corner? This is Dead Space.
Cover of “Dead Space” game Photo: IMDB
Revealing pumpkin carving’s history The true meaning of Halloween Kevin Witter Journalism Student
Everyone follows the traditional pumpkin carving sessions with their families each year for Halloween. Pumpkins were known to have originated in North America, and are considered a fruit. People use them for making foods and unique medicines. Pumpkin carving has been around since the 19th century. It started off as a myth made by mainly the Irish, British and Scottish people of the past based off a person named Stingy Jack. He is known as a spirit that was wicked and cunning who would perform tricks on just about anyone including his own family and friends. At some point, the Devil met up with Stingy Jack: A soul who was miserable and drunk that was planning to trick the Devil into transforming into a coin for a drink later freeing him, but it was only if the Devil had promised to not attempt to take his soul after a year. At another time, Stingy Jack wanted to have the Devil climb on an apple
tree for him so he could be lured into crosses that he placed down on the tree so that the Devil could not bother him. In the beginning, the Devil played into Stingy Jack’s hands and climbed the tree only to get trapped by the crosses that surrounded him. Stuck and unable to free himself, he bargained with Stingy Jack in order to get loose. He promised not to collect his soul for 10 years after he died. As time passed, Jack passed away. As he tried to make his way through heaven’s gates, the magnificent Saint Peter had told Stingy Jack that he was mean and cruel. He told him that he has no place in heaven because he had a miserable and worthless life saying that he cannot enter. Stingy Jack could not enter heaven, and he was not allowed to enter hell either since the Devil kept his promise to not take Jack’s soul. Jack was then trapped in the dimension which laid between heaven and hell stuck in a Netherworld of complete darkness. He tried to ask the Devil how could he leave. The Devil
Pumpkin carving drawing Drawing by: Mandy Balboni
handed him an ember from the flames treats,” said Mrs. Lechner. of hell. Jack had always carried a turnip with him because it was his favorite food The Freedom Forum would like to and he placed the ember within the turnip using it as a light to seek a rest- thank the following faculty and staff ing place. People found and used for their generous donations this pumpkins, turnips, rutabagas, gourds, month: potatoes and beets putting lights and carving faces into them to keep Jack’s Mrs. Ackerman, Mr. Baltz, evil spirit away. Ms. Baylis, Ms. Bianco, Ms. This is how Jack became known as The Jack-O-Lantern (History.com). Bishamber, Mr. Black, Mrs. Bond, Pumpkins became known not just for Ms. Buchanan, Mrs. Calvo, their myth, but they also act as part of the October festive holiday: HallowMrs. Csekitz, Ms. Cottes, een. Pumpkins began to be used for decoration to celebrate. People even- Mrs. Dalton, Mrs. Deily, Mrs. Elliott, tually made seasonal dishes to comMrs. Erdman, Mrs. Evans, memorate the holiday including Ms. Gerhard, Mrs. Goldoni, pumpkin pie and other savory desserts. Mr. Kaczmarek, Dr. Krieger, “I didn’t know about the myth beMrs. Kristofic, Mrs. Lechner, hind pumpkin carving, but just now hearing about it, I’d say that I don’t Ms. McCauley, Mrs. Medve, actually believe in it,” said Mrs. LechMr. Miller, Ms. Nelson, ner, cooking teacher. Even though Mrs. Lechner did not Mrs. Oquendo, Mrs. Pazzaglia, know about the myth, she knows how Ms. Rosario, Mrs. Rose, to carve a pumpkin. “Begin to cut a hole and the top and Mrs. Schaeffer, Ms. Schmidt, begin to open it. Make sure to scrape Mr. Schoeneberger, Mr. Starr, out all the seeds and the pulp from within the pumpkin. Carve the face Ms. Toohey, Ms. Tozzoli, into the pumpkin and then you put a candle inside and light it. Put it in the Ms. Wescoe, and Mrs. Wieand. dark,” said Mrs. Lechner. The entire process takes about an hour or more depending on how one would like to make it using specialized tools and a kitchen knife. “There are many varieties of pumpkins, the one that you carve is just one variety. Then there can be a dozen varieties that can be used for cooking. Pumpkins can be used for almost anything like mac and cheese, cookies, and cupcakes, but they’re yummy
14 Entertainment
October 2018
The Forum
How movies make an impact Stories and lessons in movies that connect with viewers Zeanah Bey Journalism Student
Disney’s “Mulan” will warm the viewers heart in many ways. Photo: IMDB When many people think of movies, they think of people kissing, someone dying, or violent fighting depending on the genre. But movies are much more than just the action on the screen. The most impactful films focus on a great story and have a meaningful lesson. Movies make an impact on people even if they do not realize it for themselves. Whether an adolescent is watching a romance movie or an adult
is hooked on “Fifty Shades of Grey,” every movie has a main point or lesson behind it. One can find a lesson by looking through the lens like a director. Many films are based on real life issues that are exaggerated to make the movie more appealing to the viewers. When directors look for stories, they look to family members or past experiences they went through and reflect those events in a movie whether it was academy award winning or not. Films have powerful messages about events that happened in the past, as well as those occurring now. For example, “Mulan” is a funny animated Disney movie that debuted in 1998. Even those who were not born still saw reruns of it on the Disney channel. The movie is about a woman who goes to battle where girls are not allowed to fight. In her time and village, females are expected to have a face full of makeup, to wear dresses, and to wait for their husbands to return home. In this story, Mulan disguises herself as a man and goes off to war to fight for her country. After rigorous days and nights of training, her secret is uncovered. Originally, all the men in the army do not accept her and send her home, but later she saves China and the emperor. “‘Mulan’ is a movie that shows a woman can be powerful and equal to a man. Everything is so perfect,” said Ms. Amanda Kostalis, English teacher. Mulan is still relevant today because women still find it hard to compete in a man’s world. “Mulan” is an amaz-
ing movie with an incredible and saurs. The message is “be careful of meaningful story. how much power and control you Films make people think about how have over nature,” said Ms. often a problem occurs in real life. Kostalis. Watching meaningful movies are not Movies point out the big picture always melancholy, they can also whether people see it or not. Keep an contain humour like “Crazy Rich open mind when watching movies Asians.” It can be humorous and pas- because everyone and everything has sionate in the beginning, conflicted in a lesson behind it. the middle, and important life lessons without tears, and happiness in the end. “Crazy Rich Asians,” a book that made it to the big screen, is another incredible story. It allows the viewers know that no matter what happens they should always follow their hearts despite the disapproval coming from family. Even though there is a lot of romance in this movie, it is very important to pay attention to the most important parts about being an individual and never giving up even though it is easy to do. Another lesson behind “Crazy Rich Asians” is diversity. People should not be judged for what they look like or how they act. This movie introduces Asian culture, so viewers can open up their minds to new things like different foods, music, and cultural celebrations. Directors and writers try to introduce problems in society going on now in their movies because the Comedies such as “Crazy Rich Asians” public needs to notice what is hap- certainly impact pop culture and bepening in society. Movies are stories, yond. and stories come from facts. For exPhoto: IMDB ample, people do not realize that even movies like “Jurassic Park” have a lesson for viewers. The film more than just about dino-
Does style mean sacrificing comfort? Preference on daily style Marissa Gonzalez The Freedom Forum
Style. What is style in terms of clothing? Style is the ultimate form of self-expression. A person’s choices in color, shape, and fabric are all telling of their personality, their lifestyle, and their emotions. Style is distinctive and completely personal. While clothes do serve a functional purpose, they represent so much more. “Style is a way for someone to express themselves. They can wear something a certain day to reflect how they feel that day, but their style as a whole helps give hints as to who they are as a person,” said Isabella Pacenza, senior. “To me, style is a representation of individuality. We can choose the message we want to portray on a day to day basis. Some days I choose to look nice, others I choose to look different, but it is ultimately up to me,” said Megan Smith, senior. As high school students however, we
undergo incredible amounts of added it as well. However, incorporating stress, usually resulting in apathy and your own style into everyday looks laziness. Often times, that lackadaisi- does not necessarily mean you must cal demeanor translates into clothing. sacrifice comfort. Style is a reflection There is a certain level of motivation of your personality. Everyone has required to get up in the morning and their own preferences when it comes put forth the effort to look nice or at to the clothes they choose to put on least presentable. Every day, hundreds of students wander the halls of Freedom High in sweatpants. Is that their personal style or are they just being lazy? It could be that they simply value comfort over style. “I try to find a happy medium between style and comfort. Luckily for me, my personal style happens to also be comfortable, but if it wasn’t I would probably value style over comfort,” said Pacenza. “To me comfort is the most important factor when deciding what to wear in the morning. If I could wear sweatpants everywhere, I would,” said Alianna Davis, senior. Megan Smith , senior, wears a stylish, When considering style versus considerably less comfortable outfit. comfort, there is often a fine line between looking great and feeling Photo: Marissa Gonzalez
their bodies. The outfits someone chooses should make him or her feel confident and comfortable in his or her own skin and if wearing sweatpants everyday does that for him or her so be it.
VS. Isabella Pacenza, senior, wears a comfortable yet stylish outfit for school. Photo: Marissa Gonzalez
October 2018
The Forum
15 Entertainment
Close the curtains of another performance A review of “America’s Got Talent” finalists Dymea Schippers Entertainment Editor
The world’s talented, yet undiscovered performers of all ages have appeared before celebrity judges for the past 12 years since the premiere of one of the most popular competition reality shows, “America’s Got Talent”. Every season strives to surpass the last, and this season did not disappoint its audience. This season’s youngest finalist, 14year old Courtney Hadwin, was Howie Mandel’s golden buzzer pick. Without a doubt, this adolescent is a talented singer; however, she is not a songwriter like the season 11 winner, Grace VanderWaal. Nevertheless, she is a strong contender. Last week, the executive producer and judge Simon Cowell complimented Brian King Joseph, an electric violinist, on his natural star talent, and even went as far as saying he could possibly win the show. Anyone who has been watching the show for awhile knows that Simon is not an easy man to please, so having him in Brian’s corner definitely gives him the edge.
No one can forget Tyra Banks’ golden buzzer, Zurcaroh, the Austrian aerial dance group. Although they face tough competition, they are well on their way to becoming the first dance troop ever to take home the grand prize. Next in the line up is comedic genius, Vicki Barbolak, who won the country over with #TrailerNastyTuesday. Over the course of the season, the comic has left the judges craving more, especially Simon, who stated he had a crush on her back in the semifinals round. “She’s definitely an inspiration to older comedians and she's proof that being funny doesn't have an age limit,” said Samantha Moschonas, junior. From the beginning of season 13, fans thought Glennis Grace deserved a golden buzzer. As the finale nears, it is crystal clear she did not need it after all. After taking on Kate Bush, Whitney Houston, and music from “The Greatest Showman,” Simon declared she had the best semifinals performance out of all the contestants. Vicki Barbolak was not the only comedian to make the final cut. Samuel
Comroe is not shy when it comes to including his Tourette Syndrome in his jokes. The comedian has left America roaring from the auditions to the semifinals. After being given a second chance, the wild card Daniel Emmet has returned and the judges could not be anymore ecstatic. Daniel wooed the audience when he transformed Aerosmith’s “I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing” into a Spanish opera hymn. With such immense talent from this aspiring singer, there is no predicting what he will do in the finals. Next, there is Michael Ketterer, who received Simon Cowell’s golden buzzer after making him cry when he performed The Bee Gees’ “To Love Somebody,” but with his own personal twist. In the semifinals, Simon, again so moved by the performance, asked Garth Brooks to help out his golden buzzer in the finals round. Coming up next, is Shim Lim, who received standing ovations from each of the judges for his magic card tricks. Even though he gained a surplus of votes from the audience, he will definitely need some magic up his sleeve to get him through the finals. Last but not least is the Duo Trans-
cend, the trapeze act. Although the married couple got off to a rocky start when Tyce Nielsen dropped his wife, Mary Wolfe-Neilsen, in the judges’ cut round, they have made a spectacular comeback. One thing is for certain: this pair never plays it safe so America is expecting even more dangerous stunts in the finale. “Even though they messed up, it's only natural since their act is so dangerous, but that doesn't mean they're at a disadvantage compared to the other competitors,” said Moschonas. So much talent, but who will win? Stay tuned for upcoming episodes of “America’s Got Talent”.
“America’s Got Talent” has excited audiences since 2006. Photo: Wikimedia Commons
Pop star shows true colors on blissful new album A closer look at Troye Sivan’s ‘Bloom’
Tyler Manganaro Journalism Student
YouTube-sensation turned pop-star and LGBT icon, Troye Sivan, 23, has proved he can hold his own in the music industry in quite a short span of time. Only having released an EP titled “TRXYE” in 2014 and a debut record titled “Blue Neighbourhood” the following year, Sivan has proved himself a contender in the alternativepop scene. In his debut album cycle, Sivan followed up with two tours in countries such as the United States, Europe, Asia, and his home, Australia. His songs are usually about young love, coming-of-age experiences, and acceptance in oneself. On his sophomore record, “Bloom”, released August 31st, 2018, some of the same themes continue, but in more grown and experienced ways. “Bloom” is a sultry, synth-driven adventure in bombastic pop music. It could be said that Sivan’s music is
The “Bloom” CD is now available with two extra tracks (exclusively on the Target edition). Photo: Tyler Manganaro
for those of acquired taste - not for just everyone. From a frequent listener’s perspective, it is a different experience. “I would not recommend this album to just anyone because his sound is not for everyone. I would recommend ‘Bloom’ to someone I knew could appreciate his style of music,” said Delores Allen, senior. The opening track “Seventeen” is about finding love at a young age specifically with someone more experienced or older - and all the naivety and learning curves it comes with. The track is a mellow opener, a gentle ease into the record. “My My My!” picks up the pace a little bit, with electronic beats and soaring melodies that will get stuck in your head and make you dance. This being the album’s lead single, it is quite dark and passionate, with a roaring chorus to grab listeners’ attention. It already feels different and new, in comparison to 2015’s “Blue Neighbourhood”. “He has evolved for the better. On his first album, he was finding his sound, and he found it here on ‘Bloom’ - it is authentically Troye,” said Allen. The laid-back tracks like acoustic ballad, “The Good Side”, and piano heartbreaker “Postcard”, show a soft-
er, more personal side of Sivan. These tracks are stronger in lyrics rather than production, “The Good Side” in particular being about Sivan addressing his ex, in a sympathetic approach to apologize for the way things ended. The standout collaboration “Dance to This” featuring Ariana Grande is a radio-friendly, mellow dance track, highlighting Grande’s gorgeous vocals with Sivan harmonizing beautifully. “Plum” is an anthemic burst of light after some smoother relaxing tracks. The jittery production is easily the most ear-catching of the album, and the summery-sweet metaphors in the lyrics showcase Sivan’s personal side again - “Maybe our time has come / Maybe we’re overgrown / Even the sweetest plum has only got so long”. “Animal” might just be the most interesting closing track of an album in pop in 2018. It is an epic love song, starting soft and closing emotionally with a bang. Sivan himself in an interview with I-D Vice described it as a “five-minute, 80s stadium love song”. “The ‘perfect’ pop song would be around 3 minutes, 30 seconds”, Sivan adds. Standing at 4 minutes, 25 seconds, “Animal” brings out a touch of raw emotion, passion, desire, and devotion, with subtle piano and electric guitar. The autotuned bridge gives off something reminiscent of Frank
Seventeen
Dance To This
My My My!
Plum
The Good Side
What A Heavenly Way To Die
Bloom
Lucky Strike
Postcard
Animal
Ocean, and leaves the listener with a coming-down feeling of awe. Personal and delicate, it feels like a different side to mainstream pop. “It’s not completely mainstream. I have not heard an album I liked this much since SZA’s ‘Ctrl’ album. This is an album I can say I listen to all the way through each time,” said Allen. “Troye has evolved to being the mainstream artist he now is. From features like Ariana Grande to an amazing transitional song like ‘Animal’, he shows the variety he can provide and what makes him stand out from other artists around him. I don’t even like pop music, but I love this album,” said Justin Doncsecz, senior. From singing on YouTube for nearly five years, to starting vlogs on the site and escalating his music career in 2014, Sivan has proved himself a force to be reckoned with. With recurring themes of self-acceptance, coming of age, and young love, there is something for everyone in Sivan’s discography. In just two album cycles, his evolution is drastically changing and building a name for him. ‘Bloom’ by Troye Sivan is out everywhere now.
Purple flowers are symbol commonly associated with Troye Sivan. Photos: Flickr
16 Sports
The Forum
October 2018
Softball players work hard all year Fall games pushes players to the limit Alexis Swoyer Journalism Student
Spring opens up softball, baseball, and hotdogs, but now softball is bringing it to fall. Fall is usually for football and volleyball, but now softball is shining through. The Freedom softball team is starting their 2018-19 season with Michele Laubach taking the lead as head coach. “Team bonding, and seeing the new girls play and getting a feel for the team is definitely an advantage for having the fall season,” said Michele Laubach, head softball coach. This team is also open to the eighth graders from East Hills Middle School. “It is a great idea to have the 8th graders, it gets them prepared for high school.” said Allison Crilly, sophomore. Mrs. Laubach started with creating two teams for the fall season, Free-
dom Black and Freedom Gold. “I decided to make two teams because there are about 28 girls who had signed up for this fall league.” said Mrs. Laubach. The fall softball is not held by the Freedom Athletic Department, it is actually held by the Fastpitch Softball Association. The high school teams involved will either play games at Northeast Little League in Bethlehem, or Pates Park in Allentown. Most of the girls are excited to be playing for the fall and to have a new head coach for their upcoming seasons. “I wanted to play fall ball so I could meet the new coaching staff and get more practice.” said Juliana Presto, junior. This year’s fall season started in August with the Freedom Gold team playing against Hazleton. They will continue their season to playoffs, and if they win they will continue to the
semi-finals, then hopefully to the championship. Most girls have started other seasons outside of Freedom. They play for tournament teams all around the Lehigh Valley. “I play all year round, I also play on Saucon Valley Phoenix… most games and practices don’t interfere,” said Taney. Another thing that helps the girls who play for other teams, is that Freedom Black practices on Mondays and has games on Tuesdays, and Freedom Gold practices on Wednesdays and has games on Thursdays. Along with this, Mrs. Laubach is also trying out new traditions for this season and bringing new things into the program. “I want to bring my own style to the season, also making it more intense, I also want to bring some new traditions into the team this year and carry it out onward. I want to be able to start new, I would like to try to upgrade the facility we use, and I’m also
trying to start having trips down south during the winter,” said Mrs. Laubach. Be sure to cheer on both teams all season long. “I’m very excited to work with all the girls this season,” said Mrs. Laubach.
Freedom’s “Black” team playing in a game Photo: Jennifer Slanovec
Rivalry game excites community A look beyond the hype Tristan Wheeler Journalism Student
Have you ever been to the Freedom High School vs. Liberty High School rivalry football game? If not, you are missing out. It is one of those games that will remembered for the rest of your life. The Freedom vs. Liberty football game is a huge rivalry game that happens once a season. This game is always played in week 10 of the season which is the last game of the regular season. It is one of the games that counts towards the Bethlehem City Championship. The way to win the city championship is by beating both Liberty High School and Bethlehem Catholic High School, the two other city teams. This season it will be played on October 27 at 1 p.m. at the Frank Banko Football Field. Each year the game seems to get bigger,
with more tension between the two teams, making to be a great game with a lot of excitement. With a whopping 14,000 fans at the game last year, the number is proof on how big the game really is. “[The game is] personal. It is more than just about winning the game for us, we are playing for our community and the past football players. We are playing this game for pride. It is easily my favorite game to play in,” said Kyree Marshburn, former Freedom football player. This game is big for more than just the players on the team; everyone gets involved and gets excited for this big rivalry game. To get everyone involved, the student government came up with “spirit week”. Spirit week is a week of themes that are given for all the students to dress up to and have fun with. Along with the students dressing up, each grade level is given a portion of the school to decorate into
a certain theme. The students will decorate their portion of the school on Sunday before spirit week and will be left up all week. At the end of the week, the halls are then judged by the faculty and a winner is chosen. It is good a way to get the whole student body connected and excited for the big game. “This game is more than a game, it is a community event. It is more important than the other games because of how much it means to our school, the alums, and the fans in the community,” said Jason Roeder, head football coach. Not only do the students and players take pride in this game, but the fans and the people of the community get involved as well. “This game brings everyone together. All the alums, parents, and fans, come together to enjoy. Out of 50 games, I have been to all but two of the games,” said Mrs. Whirl, Freedom
High School secretary and football stat keeper. Clearly, this 51 year old rivalry game means much more to the community than meets the eye. Whether it is due to the rivalry, food, band, or entertainment provided, this game is more than a game to many people. Come out to Frank Banko Field on October 27 to see for yourself.
Freedom Band at 2017 game Photo: Christmas City Studios
What is going on in the NFL? The start of the season is full of surprises Derek Bast The Freedom Forum
From Ryan ‘Fitzmagic’ having three 400 yard passing games to Patrick Mahomes, who has 13 touchdowns and zero interceptions, the NFL season has started much differently than many expected. If you would have told me that Ryan Fitzpatrick would have nearly double the amount of passing yards as Tom Brady through three weeks, I would have called you crazy and delusional. However, that has turned into the most ludicrous statistic I have ever seen. The golden boy of the NFL sitting a pretty 25th in the league in passing yards. And he is 1-2. Also if the season ended after Week
3, there would be a few powerhouses left out of the playoffs. Just to name a few would be the Steelers, Patriots, Chargers, Packers, Vikings, Panthers, and Falcons. No big deal right? Think again. I know it is still early in the season, but some of these Super Bowl favorites have looked abysmal. Although, they were supposed to be considered fairly easy games. The Patriots got dominated on Sunday Night Football against the Lions that gave up 48 points to Sam Darnold in his first career start. The Jaguars lost their division opener to the Titans with a backup Quarterback (QB) starting. Josh Allen and the Bills went into Minneapolis and made the Vikings comparable to a middle school foot-
ball team. selves and I do not see them slowing With all that being said, give some down for anybody anytime soon. props to the first year starting QBs lighting up the league. Baker Mayfield came in and gave the Browns their first win in 635 days. Sam Darnold of the Jets won his opening game by 31, despite throwing a pick six on his first career pass. Josh Allen put up 27 points with the help of his defense in a 21 point blowout victory over the Vikings, who are looking to threaten for a Super Bowl. I can not forget about that Mahomes guy who looks like the front-runner for MVP through three weeks. It is still only October, but if this is not the transition year for the NFL Patrick Mahomes has proven himthen we should prepare for one soon self to be an elite quarterback. because the young studs are only just Photo: Wikimedia beginning to make names for them-