Nation Eyes India - Women's Entrepreneurship Day Special by Firstread Media

Women’s Entrepreneurship Day November 19

Message from the Founder

Dear Readers,

As we mark Women’s Entrepreneurship Day, this special edition of Nation Eyes delves into the transformative advancements shaping the worlds of security, intelligence, and surveillance. These fields are no longer confined to traditional approaches—they are rapidly evolving, driven by technological innovation, global challenges, and the need for proactive solutions.

From AI-powered surveillance systems to sophisticated cybersecurity tools, we are witnessing a revolution that is redefining how we protect individuals, businesses, and nations. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, such as machine learning, drones, and biometrics, is not only enhancing operational efficiency but also creating a future where safety and intelligence are more interconnected than ever before.

This issue is a tribute to the pioneers and innovators—business leaders, visionaries, and entrepreneurs—who are propelling these advancements forward. As the industry continues to evolve, it opens doors to collaboration, awareness, and opportunities for a safer, more secure tomorrow.

Let this edition inspire you to explore, innovate, and contribute to shaping a future where technology and intelligence serve as powerful tools for protection and progress.

With optimism and determination,

Vivek Malik, Founder, Nation

Eyes Magazine

Innovation in security and intelligence is not just about technology; it’s about empowering individuals and industries to build a safer, more connected future “

THE BRIEF

SECURITY CHALLENGES FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY

14 TECH TREND

ADDRESSING THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF WOMEN OF COLOUR

In today’s evolving work environment, the emphasis on workplace equality, diversity, and inclusion is undeniable. However, to ensure that true progress is made, it is essential to examine the intersectionality of identities

SPECIAL REPORT

THE WOMEN SAFETY DIVISION OF INDIA’S MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

TOP 10 SAFETY WEBSITES EVERY INDIAN WOMAN SHOULD KNOW

These top 10 safety websites provide Indian women with crucial tools and resources for self-defense, reporting harassment, and ensuring personal security.

Security Challenges for Women Entrepreneurs in Surveillance and Security

Workplace Surveillance in 2024

The Role of Women in India’s National Security and Combat

The Digital Frontier: Security Challenges for Women Entrepreneurs in Surveillance and Security

As the digital landscape continues to expand, women entrepreneurs in the security and surveillance industry find themselves navigating a web of unique digital security challenges. From data protection concerns to pervasive cyber threats, the journey to success in this field is marked by both unprecedented opportunities and significant risks. Women are at the forefront of creating secure, ethical, and efficient surveillance solutions, yet face additional hurdles related to privacy, trust, and online safety. In understanding and addressing these challenges, women leaders in security are paving the way for a more inclusive and resilient digital future.

Digital Security as a Gendered Issue

The intersection of digital security and gender reveals specific risks faced by women. According to research, women entrepreneurs experience privacy violations, online harassment, and impersonation at significantly higher rates than their male counterparts. This disparity can discourage women from using social media and other digital platforms that are essential for growing their business and professional network. While cyber threats affect all entrepreneurs, women are disproportionately targeted in areas like online harassment and digital impersonation. Digital security expert Alexandra Michota emphasises that these challenges can undermine confidence in digital systems, deterring women from leveraging platforms that could drive business growth. To empower more women in this field, addressing these gender-specific risks with targeted strategies is essential.

Global Cybersecurity Alliance (GCA)

Addressing the gender gap in cybersecurity not only protects women entrepreneurs but strengthens the digital ecosystem for everyone

Empowering women entrepreneurs in the security industry requires addressing the gendered risks they face online. By creating safer digital spaces, we enable their growth and innovation

Cybersecurity Insights Report

Women entrepreneurs are 30% more likely to face privacy violations and online impersonation than their male counterparts, highlighting the urgent need for gender-responsive digital security measures

Sara Patel, Founder of SafeSpace Cyber Solutions

The future of digital security lies in diversity. Women leaders bring unique perspectives that are crucial for developing ethical and inclusive solutions.

Alexandra Michota, Digital Security Expert

Key

Digital Threats Facing Women Entrepreneurs in Surveillance

1. Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks

Social engineering exploits human psychology to manipulate individuals into divulging sensitive information. Phishing, a common social engineering technique, often targets women entrepreneurs with emails or messages that appear legitimate but are designed to capture confidential information. For women in the surveillance industry, these attacks threaten both personal and professional security, especially if they compromise business plans or sensitive client data.

2. Data Leaks and Insecure Platforms

Many platforms lack robust security protocols, making data leaks a common risk. Women entrepreneurs, particularly those dealing with high-stakes surveillance projects, may experience severe repercussions from even a single data breach. With insecure platforms exposing client data or intellectual property, women are forced to navigate a landscape where the digital infrastructure does not always protect them or their business assets adequately.

3. Impersonation and Identity Theft

Identity theft is another pervasive threat that disproportionately affects women. In the surveillance sector, where reputation and trust are vital, digital impersonation can lead to loss of business credibility and strained client relationships. Attackers may use social media to create fake profiles, potentially undermining the professional networks that women entrepreneurs rely on to grow their businesses.

4. Online Harassment and Cyberstalking

Women entrepreneurs in high-profile or leadership roles face unique risks of online harassment and cyberstalking. Studies show that women receive higher levels of unwanted attention and harassment on social media, which can discourage a visible online presence. This has implications for women’s business growth, as a strong digital presence is crucial for client acquisition, brand building, and professional networking. In extreme cases, harassment may escalate to doxxing, where private information is maliciously published online to intimidate or cause harm.

5. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)

APTs are sophisticated, long-term cyber attacks aimed at extracting valuable information over time. For women entrepreneurs, especially in fields like surveillance that require handling sensitive information, APTs represent a significant risk. These threats typically target high-level individuals, using techniques such as malware and spyware to infiltrate systems and collect data. For women leading surveillance projects, APTs can compromise not only business security but also client trust and professional credibility.

Cybersecurity Threats Impacting Women Entrepreneurs KEY STATISTICS

PERCENTAGES(%)

91% of successful cyberattacks begin with phishing, and 27% of phishing scams specifically target women entrepreneurs.

60% of small businesses experience data breaches, and 30% involve insecure platforms or third-party services.

20% of identity theft victims are professionals, and women are 1.5 times more likely to experience online impersonation.

40% of women report experiencing online harassment; 25% of high-profile women face cyberstalking.

71% of APTs target organizations with sensitive data, and 15% of those targets are women-led businesses in sensitive industries.

THE BRIEF

Empowering Women Through Strategic Cybersecurity Practices

In a field as challenging as digital security, adopting proactive cybersecurity practices is essential for women entrepreneurs. Here are some key strategies that can help women secure their business environments and protect their personal and professional identities:

1. Cybersecurity Training and Digital Literacy

Cybersecurity training is a foundational step for any entrepreneur, but it is especially crucial for women, who face unique online risks. Digital literacy training that focuses on identifying phishing scams, social engineering tactics, and best practices for data security can empower women entrepreneurs to protect their businesses. Organisations and industry groups can provide specialised resources to help women understand and navigate the unique cybersecurity challenges they face.

2. Implementing Multi-Layered Security Systems

A “defense in depth” approach—using multiple layers of security measures—can significantly reduce vulnerabilities. For instance, implementing two-factor authentication (2FA), encryption, and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) can create a more secure digital environment. In the surveillance industry, where confidential data is often exchanged, these measures are essential to ensure that information remains secure.

3. Advocating for Gender-Sensitive Privacy Policies

Many digital platforms fail to address the specific security needs of women, often leaving them more vulnerable to online threats. Advocacy for gender-sensitive policies within the tech and surveillance industries is crucial to address these gaps. Such policies might include stricter account verification processes, robust responses to impersonation reports, and rapid intervention protocols for online harassment. Women leaders in the industry can drive these changes, working with platforms to create safer and more inclusive digital spaces.

4. Building Resilient Support Networks

A supportive network can be invaluable for women navigating the unique challenges of the security sector. Connecting with other women in cybersecurity and surveillance provides a platform to share experiences, strategies, and insights into navigating complex digital risks. Organisations like Women in Cybersecurity (WiCyS) and the Women’s Security Society offer mentorship, training, and resources specifically for women, helping them build resilient careers in the field.

5. Staying Informed on Emerging Cyber Threats

The cybersecurity landscape is continually evolving, with new threats emerging as technology advances. Staying updated on these trends can help women entrepreneurs stay one step ahead. Conferences, webinars, and online courses on cybersecurity best practices provide valuable knowledge that can make a significant difference in identifying and mitigating threats.

Cybersecurity is not just about safeguarding data; it’s about empowering individuals to navigate the digital world with confidence and resilience “

A Call to Action: Driving Change in Digital Security Culture

As women continue to break barriers in the surveillance and security industry, their leadership is shaping a new culture that prioritises ethics, diversity, and inclusivity in digital security practices. Women's unique experiences and perspectives make them powerful advocates for a more secure digital landscape. By addressing the specific risks women face, the industry can create a more supportive environment that encourages women to pursue their goals without fear of harassment or identity theft.

Building a safer digital space is not only beneficial for women in business but also enhances the overall

integrity of the digital ecosystem. When diverse voices are included in conversations about cybersecurity, the solutions are more robust, innovative, and effective in addressing real-world challenges. Women in the security and surveillance sectors play a vital role in advancing digital security standards that protect not only business assets but also the privacy and well-being of all users.

Looking to the Future: The Role of Women in Digital Security Innovation

In celebrating Women's Entrepreneurship Day, it’s important to recognize the resilience, expertise, and influence of women in the security and surveillance sectors. Women entrepreneurs in this field are not only advancing the standards of

digital security but are also advocating for a more ethical and inclusive industry. By championing policies that protect privacy, advocating for gender-sensitive security solutions, and inspiring the next generation of women leaders, they are forging a safer, more inclusive future in digital security.

As the industry continues to evolve, the role of women in digital security will become increasingly indispensable. The work women entrepreneurs are doing today lays a strong foundation for future innovation in cybersecurity and surveillance. As more women join the field, bringing diverse insights and experiences, the digital frontier will become a space of resilience, creativity, and opportunity for all.

Workplace Surveillance in 2024 : A Doble Edged Sword for Women on the Move

The passage of the Personal Data Protection Act has revived conversations on privacy rights and data protection in various sectors, especially the gig economy, where data-driven surveillance has transformed work. Surveillance technology is now embedded not only in static cameras but in wearable devices and mobile apps used by gig workers, tracking every move under the guise of efficiency and operational oversight. For women in the gig economy, the impacts of this constant surveillance are especially complex and profound, affecting not just their privacy but their physical safety and professional autonomy. As more women enter the workforce, it’s critical to establish and enforce robust digital rights that protect them against surveillance’s encroachment.

The Persistent History of Workplace Surveillance

Surveillance in the workplace has a long history, with CCTV cameras once symbolising safety for workers. However, while cameras monitor for security, they also constantly track employee movements, affecting the privacy and autonomy of workers. By 2024, surveillance technology has grown more sophisticated, expanding to mobile and wearable devices. Now, smart devices track employees’ movements, interactions, and even health data, ideal tools for remote or gig-based companies monitoring workers who are constantly “on the go.” As data collection has become integral to these businesses, workers feel more vulnerable to what is often excessive and invasive surveillance, impacting their ability to set boundaries between work and personal life.

The Evolving Dynamics of Surveillance in the Gig Economy

In platform-mediated labour, wearable devices are becoming common, used by companies to monitor and optimise worker performance. While presented as a tool for enhancing efficiency, these technologies often blur the lines between work and personal life, especially for women. For example, gig workers report being “nudged” to work during off-hours or receiving calls urging them to log in, pressuring them to stay connected around the clock. Women workers, already more vulnerable due to societal expectations and risks of harassment, bear the brunt of this encroachment, facing physical and mental tolls from constant surveillance that diminishes their autonomy.

Surveillance Through a Gendered Lens

While all gig workers face challenges with surveillance, women experience heightened effects. Surveillance intrusions add to the layers of monitoring that women already face due to societal scrutiny. This external surveillance at work can mirror the patriarchy present in other aspects of women’s lives, stripping them of the autonomy, independence, and empowerment that work should ideally provide. Instead of finding freedom in the workplace, women encounter environments where their agency is constrained further, impacting their psychological well-being and increasing stress.

Moreover, safety concerns compound this issue. Governments and companies have implemented surveillance measures with stated intentions of safety, but women often report feeling even more vulnerable. This misalignment between intention and effect highlights a crucial issue: when surveillance tools, like tracking devices and monitoring apps, are introduced, they can make women feel as though they are under constant scrutiny, not protection. In some cases, location tracking and data sharing amplify risks, exposing women to potential misuse, harassment, or worse.

Surveillance’s Impact on Women Gig Workers’ Rights and Safety

The implications of wearable surveillance devices are especially concerning in the gig economy, where women face heightened risks. These tools often share sensitive information, including real-time location data and personal identifiers. For women gig workers, such surveillance practices introduce various issues: from the misuse of personal data and photos to the potential for stalking or harassment. As surveillance expands, it counteracts efforts to increase women’s participation in the labour force, discouraging them from work due to fears for their safety and privacy.

One troubling example comes from June 2021, when attempts were made to surveil ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists) workers through a management app, ostensibly for operational oversight. Women in the ASHA network protested, voicing concerns that surveillance would lead to greater scrutiny and harassment from higher-ups. For them, the app represented an encroachment on their rights and an attempt to curb their ability to speak out about working conditions. This example highlights the potential for surveillance technologies to be used to control workers and prevent unionisation, an issue especially pressing for women in vulnerable gig economy roles.

2024: The Case for Stronger Digital Rights and Protections

The challenges women face as a result of workplace surveillance ultimately contribute to unsafe work environments, which may drive them to leave their jobs, hindering their financial independence and agency. Given that workplaces are essential spaces

for women’s autonomy, the onus is on society to ensure that emerging technologies like surveillance do not deepen existing inequalities. When surveillance technology restricts freedom, suppresses voices, or compromises safety, it fundamentally conflicts with ideals of equality and empowerment.

In 2024, there is an urgent need for workplace policies that address these issues. Surveillance technologies must be regulated to support women’s digital rights and protect their privacy, autonomy, and dignity. The focus must be on crafting digital data rights that prevent misuse and address safety concerns specific to women workers, especially those in platform-mediated, gigbased roles.

Reimagining Workplace Surveillance for an Inclusive Future

To counteract the adverse effects of surveillance on women in the gig economy, there is a need for a comprehensive regulatory framework. This framework should establish clear limits on the use of personal and location data, introduce strict penalties for misuse, and provide transparent channels for women to report issues without fear of retaliation. Moreover, companies must commit to designing surveillance systems that prioritise data privacy and are sensitive to the needs of vulnerable workers.

The future of work will depend on how we regulate and integrate surveillance technology. As we celebrate women’s achievements and contributions to the labour force, it’s crucial to continue advocating for workplaces that respect privacy and autonomy. Surveillance should enhance safety without infringing on workers’ rights. In the coming years, a collective push for gender-sensitive workplace policies that address digital data rights will help create work environments where women feel safe, respected, and empowered to achieve their full potential.

Women Pioneering Change in Cybersecurity and Data Protection

Women’s contributions to business ecosystems have deep roots. From stepping out of traditional roles to support their families to building careers with passion, women have been present in all industries for decades. Recently, global initiatives have spotlighted the central role of women in driving sustainable economies, technological advancement, and a secure digital environment.

Women have excelled in C-suite and decision-making roles, bringing unique insights and leadership strengths to the table. Their contributions in cybersecurity, data protection, and digital marketing are no exception. Although women once faced social taboos and family pressures that limited their visibility in the corporate world, they now make crucial contributions as thought leaders and strategists, especially within

cybersecurity and digital privacy. In the past, women struggled to break into executive roles, facing additional pressure to prove their capability in technology sectors. However, societal perspectives have shifted. According to the 2023 Women in Workplace report by McKinsey and LeanIn.Org, women in C-suite roles rose to 28% in 2023 from 17% in 2015. In cybersecurity, this change is especially evident as more women lead as Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs) and Chief Data Officers (CDOs), where their strategic insights and ethical perspectives contribute directly to safer digital landscapes.

Today, the global need for diversity and security expertise has accelerated progress toward inclusive leadership. In cybersecurity, women now hold pivotal roles as data protection advocates, business heads, and industry pioneers, often leading complex initiatives in a field traditionally led by men. As cybersecurity threats evolve, unified, inclusive teams are proving essential to address these threats effectively. In fact, over 35% of cybersecurity analysts worldwide are expected to be women by 2031.

The Digital Transformation: Women Leading in Cybersecurity and Data Privacy

The digital age has reshaped the business landscape, opening new technology-powered pathways for marketing and data protection. Integration of cybersecurity into digital

marketing and data management practices has become a priority as organisations recognize that robust security is fundamental to protecting consumer trust and ensuring longterm success. Women are now at the forefront of this integration, contributing to both the ideation and execution of security protocols for digital systems.

In 2013, women held only about 10% of cybersecurity and data protection roles, but this figure rose to 25% by 2022. The trajectory continues upward as women leaders drive comprehensive data protection strategies across industries, protecting against increasingly sophisticated cyber threats.

Women Leading Cybersecurity and Data Protection at Big Data Marketers

At Big Data Marketers, women drive cybersecurity and data protection strategies that support both internal and client-facing services. Female leaders like Neha Kundu, Afreen Sheikh, and Anjali Malik serve as Directors of Business Development across various regions, championing not only business growth but also security-driven marketing solutions.

Neha Kundu leads the Asia region and brings vast experience in biometric and data protection solutions. With a strong background in executing projects across Latin America and Asia-Pacific, Neha’s work includes implementing facial recognition technologies for digital security and access control. Her expertise and vision drive client confidence in data privacy measures, showcasing how dedicated cybersecurity integration can lead to comprehensive, customer-centric solutions.

Afreen Sheikh leads data protection initiatives in the MENA region, blending technical expertise with strategic

communication. From training sessions to after-sales support, Afreen ensures clients understand and embrace data protection standards, transforming how customers perceive and interact with secure digital marketing platforms. Her approach emphasises personalised, interactive experiences that prioritise consumer data protection. Anjali Malik heads the Indian market, bringing innovative thinking and unmatched expertise to the cybersecurity sector. Her work spans critical infrastructure projects, from implementing secure biometric systems in airports to data protection measures for governmental clients. Anjali’s leadership exemplifies the vital role women play in maintaining data integrity and managing complex cybersecurity challenges gracefully.

These leaders exemplify the potential of women in cybersecurity and data protection, demonstrating the crucial role of gender diversity in securing digital assets and upholding consumer trust.

Moving Toward a More Inclusive Cybersecurity Industry

Showcasing the meaningful roles women hold in decision-making and

technical leadership within cybersecurity is crucial to building sustainable growth across industries. As cybersecurity and data protection become pillars of modern business, companies are increasingly recognizing the need for diverse perspectives to address complex digital challenges effectively.

Women’s presence in the cybersecurity landscape is shaping a new, resilient industry culture that challenges traditional biases. By 2031, it’s projected that women will make up 35% of the global cybersecurity workforce. This trend reflects not only the growing influence of women in the industry but also the critical importance of diversity in defending against today’s evolving digital threats.

In celebrating the progress of women in cybersecurity and data protection, we recognize their resilience and innovation. Their achievements challenge long-standing social norms and drive critical change in a digital world. Through inclusive leadership, talent, and a commitment to digital security, women are not only securing the present but also forging a safer, more inclusive future for generations to come.

Women Pioneering Change in Cybersecurity and Data Protection

Introduction

Established on May 28, 2018, the Women Safety Division of India’s Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) was created with the mission of enhancing women’s safety across the nation. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of women’s safety, the Division operates on a broad mandate that encompasses the development of policies, strategic planning, inter-agency coordination, and the execution of various initiatives. These initiatives aim to foster an environment where women and other vulnerable groups feel secure and can access justice promptly and effectively. In its mission to create a holistic approach to women’s safety, the Division supports States and Union Territories (UTs) in establishing robust measures, addressing crime prevention, forensic sciences, human trafficking, and prison reforms.

Key Objectives and Mandate

The Women Safety Division was formed to address safety and security concerns at a national scale. Its primary objectives include:

• Enhancing the Safety of Women and Vulnerable Populations: The Division’s primary focus is on reducing crimes against women, children, the elderly, and other marginalised groups, including those from Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and the transgender community.

• Improving Forensic Science Capabilities: The Division supports the modernization of forensic science facilities in States and UTs, aiding law enforcement in investigation and crime resolution.

• Tackling Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling: Through dedicated anti-trafficking efforts, the Division aids in the formation of Anti-Human Trafficking Units (AHTUs) and provides guidelines to strengthen enforcement efforts.

• Overseeing Prison Reforms: Addressing correctional administration, the Division collaborates with States and UTs on initiatives to improve prisoner welfare, streamline administrative procedures, and enhance security.

• Coordinating National Crime Records and Technological Initiatives: Through initiatives under the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), the Division encourages the use of emerging technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence, big data, and blockchain, to streamline crime data analytics and improve policing efficiency.

Ensuring women’s safety is not just a policy objective but a commitment to building a society where justice, dignity, and security are fundamental rights for all “

Structure of the Women Safety Division

The Women Safety Division is structured into several specialised sections, each with its own focus and responsibilities to effectively execute its mandate:

Women Safety - I / Coordination Section

This section manages the administrative and financial aspects related to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), and serves as the primary coordinating unit within the Division. It also oversees inter-agency and inter-state communication, providing States and UTs with resources and support to meet women safety objectives.

Women Safety - II Section

This section addresses crime prevention policies and support mechanisms targeting:

• Crimes against women and children.

• Crimes against SCs and STs, including those under the Prevention of Atrocities (POA) Act, 1989, and the Protection of Civil Rights (PCR) Act, 1955.

• Crimes against the elderly and other vulnerable groups.

• Regulations under the Poisons Act of 1919.

Women Safety - III Section

Focused on advancing forensic sciences, this section handles:

• Administration and project management of the Directorate of Forensic Science Services (DFSS) and Central Forensic Science Laboratories (CFSLs).

• The National Forensic Sciences University and the Central Advisory Committee on Forensic Sciences.

• Coordination and implementation of projects to modernise State Forensic Science Laboratories, enhancing investigative support for crime-related cases.

Women Safety - IV Section

This section leads digital and technological initiatives, including:

• The design, implementation, and monitoring of the Inter-operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) project, promoting streamlined data entry and crime analytics.

• Projects funded by the Nirbhaya Fund, such as the Emergency Response Support System and Safe City Projects.

• The adoption of new technologies like the National Automated Fingerprint Identification System (NAFIS) and the National Database on Sexual Offenders (NDSO).

FOCUS AREA Safety of Women & Vulnerable Groups

KEY INITIATIVES

Anti-Human Trafficking Units (AHTUs), Safe City Projects, Nirbhaya Fund initiatives, and POA Act enforcement

OBJECTIVE

Reduce crimes, enhance safety infrastructure, and protect marginalized groups.

Forensic & Technological Modernization

Modernizing Forensic Labs (DFSS, CFSLs), Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS), and NAFIS Strengthen investigations, improve data analytics, and enable efficient policing.

Special Initiatives of the Women Safety Divi-

sion

1. The Nirbhaya Fund and Safe City Projects

The Division implements projects under the Nirbhaya Fund to improve women’s safety in public spaces. Safe City Projects are in place in major urban centres, including Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Bengaluru. These projects involve the installation of CCTV cameras, deployment of panic buttons in public transport, and the establishment of dedicated police units for women’s safety. The goal is to provide rapid response systems and public awareness campaigns to empower women in urban areas.

2. Emergency Response Support System (ERSS)

The ERSS is a pan-India, 24x7 emergency service that citizens can access through a single emergency number (112) for police, ambulance, and fire services. The system, designed to provide timely help, uses GPS-enabled tracking systems to dispatch the nearest emergency units, significantly enhancing the responsiveness of law enforcement.

3. Forensic Science Modernization

Recognizing the importance of forensic science in crime-solving, the Division has prioritised the modernization of forensic laboratories across States and UTs. By upgrading equipment, training forensic experts, and supporting projects led by the National Forensic Sciences University, the Division aims to improve the accuracy and reliability of evidence used in investigations.

4. Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling

With the Anti-Trafficking Cell (ATC), the Division focuses on enhancing law enforcement’s response to human trafficking, especially concerning women and children. The ATC organises training programs, establishes Anti-Human Trafficking Units (AHTUs) across States, and facilitates international cooperation through bilateral agreements and participation in United Nations protocols.

5. Technological Advancements for Crime Prevention

The Division is increasingly investing in emerging technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, big data, and blockchain. These technologies support crime data analysis and enhance the efficiency of law enforcement efforts. Tools like the Investigation Tracking System for Sexual Offences (ITSSO) and the National Integrated Database on Arrested Narco-Offenders (NIDAAN) streamline information flow, enabling better decision-making and tracking across the criminal justice system.

Addressing the Needs of Vulnerable Populations

The Division’s responsibilities extend beyond women’s safety to address crimes against other vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes. Under its comprehensive mandate, the Division tackles hate crimes, abuse, and neglect faced by these communities, advocating for equal protection under the law and fair treatment.

Prison Reforms and Correctional Administration

The Women Safety Division is also tasked with prison reforms, coordinating with States and UTs to improve correctional facilities and security. Initiatives include:

• Modernization of Prisons: Implementing better infrastructure, including high-security cells and surveillance systems.

• Support to Poor Prisoners Scheme: Financial assistance for underprivileged prisoners, enabling access to legal aid.

• E-prisons Project: Digitizing prison records to streamline the administration and improve transparency in prison management.

• Transfer of Sentenced Persons: Facilitating repatriation of prisoners under the Repatriation of Prisoners Act, 2003, and establishing bilateral treaties for international prisoner transfer.

International Cooperation and Legislative Contributions

The Division actively participates in international meetings on human trafficking, child protection, and safety protocols for women. Through collaborative efforts, it contributes to international treaties and aligns India’s policies with global standards. The Division also supports the adoption of model legislation, such as the Model Prison Manual, to provide a uniform framework for prison reforms across States.

Future Directions

As the Women Safety Division continues to evolve, it emphasises leveraging advanced technology and data-driven approaches to improve safety measures. Key future areas of focus include:

• Expanding Technology-Driven Crime Analytics: Continued investment in AI, machine learning, and big data analytics to bolster crime prevention and support real-time decision-making.

• Enhanced Forensic Capabilities: Expanding partnerships with forensic universities and investing in cutting-edge forensic technologies to support law enforcement efforts.

• Strengthening Anti-Human Trafficking Initiatives: Increasing the number of AHTUs across States and collaborating with international agencies for cross-border trafficking prevention.

• Improving Coordination with State and Local Law Enforcement: Increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of law enforcement agencies through standardised protocols, training, and inter-agency cooperation.

Conclusion

The Women Safety Division has made substantial strides since its inception, playing a critical role in shaping India’s approach to women’s safety, justice, and crime prevention. Through its comprehensive mandate, the Division continues to work tirelessly to ensure the safety and well-being of women, children, and other vulnerable groups across India. By focusing on innovation, technology, and collaboration with States and international partners, the Division stands as a pillar of safety, justice, and reform.

Moving forward, as India’s society and crime landscape evolve, the Women Safety Division’s initiatives will continue to adapt and expand, securing a safer future for all.

By leveraging innovation, advanced technology, and global collaboration, we can build a safer and more inclusive future where women and vulnerable groups are empowered, protected, and assured of justice “

In an exclusive interview with Nation Eyes: Security and Surveillance, Lieutenant General Dr. Madhuri Kanitkar, a retired General Officer in the Indian Army, provides a comprehensive and enlightening perspective on the evolving role of women in India’s national security and military forces. Known for her strong views on women’s empowerment, Dr. Kanitkar’s insights shed light on the progress made in gender inclusion in the military and the challenges that still exist, while also exploring the importance of women’s roles in modern warfare and national security.

A Changing Landscape for Women in Combat

The Indian Army, one of the largest militaries in the world, has long been an institution where gender roles were clearly defined, with women largely relegated to non-combat positions. However, significant shifts have occurred in recent years. In a landmark ruling over three years ago, India’s Supreme Court made a historic decision that granted women the right to serve in leadership roles, including as army commanders. This ruling dismissed the argument that male soldiers were not mentally prepared to follow women officers, a stance that had been criticised as regressive. Dr. Kanitkar recalls that momentous decision: “When the top court ruled that women could serve as army commanders, it was a clear message that the time for outdated perceptions was over. The court’s decision, along with the government’s action to follow suit, was a breakthrough for gender equality in India’s military.”

India’s stance on women in combat roles has traditionally been one of caution, citing concerns about women’s vulnerability in front-line situations. While the Indian Army has remained hesitant to fully integrate women into combat positions, the Indian Air Force and Indian Navy have taken significant steps forward. Women have been granted permanent positions in these services, including roles in fighter squadrons. The Indian Army has also made notable progress, particularly with the inclusion of women in the Corps of Military Police, where they have proven themselves capable in law enforcement and military policing roles. Additionally, the army has recently begun considering the enlistment of women as jawans, further broadening their presence in the military.

Modern Warfare: Moving Beyond Physical Strength

Dr. Kanitkar points out that the concept of combat has evolved significantly. “Modern warfare is no longer about brute strength. It’s about strategy, technology, and mental resilience. When we talk about women in combat, we must look beyond physical strength. Today, the battlefield is defined by missile technology, radar systems, cyber defence, economic strategies, and even food security,” she explains. “The key to success in modern military operations is mental acumen, and women, with their unique strengths, are well-suited for these roles.”

Modern warfare is about strategy, resilience, and innovation—not gender. Women in the military embody the strength and vision needed to lead our nation into a secure and inclusive future “

She elaborates that the traditional view of combat, as a space where only the strongest survive, is outdated. Women have the capacity to excel in these new forms of warfare, where technological expertise and strategic thinking are paramount. “While it’s true that women may not carry the same physical load as their male counterparts, they possess mental resilience, leadership qualities, and technical acumen that make them an asset in the military,” she says. This perspective reflects the broader global trend where modern militaries have increasingly recognized the value of intellectual capacity and technological proficiency over physical strength alone.

Women have already proven their capabilities in roles such as cyber security, intelligence, and logistics. As Dr. Kanitkar points out, these areas of modern warfare are gender-neutral. “Women are no longer confined to roles that are traditionally seen as more ‘feminine.’ Women are thriving in fields like cyber defence, strategy, and leadership, which are becoming the core of national security operations.”

“

True empowerment lies in giving women the freedom to choose their roles, ensuring equal opportunities in leadership, and breaking outdated stereotypes. Together, we shape a future where both men and women stand as equal pillars of national security

India’s Progressive Legal Reforms

In 2020, the Indian Army took another step toward gender inclusion when it granted permanent commissions to women officers, ensuring that they had equal opportunities for command positions. These reforms were a game-changer, bringing women’s service terms in line with their male counterparts. Women officers were also granted the same promotions, training opportunities, and the possibility of command roles—something that had been denied to them for decades. These changes reflect a broader legal and social push for women’s rights, with significant policy amendments since 1992 allowing women to serve in more roles than ever before.

Dr. Kanitkar is a vocal supporter of these reforms and believes that they represent a vital shift in India’s military culture. “These changes are not just symbolic; they represent a seismic shift in how we perceive women in uniform. It’s about giving them the freedom to choose the roles they want to pursue and enabling them to reach their full potential without the constraints of outdated gender expectations.”

She also acknowledges that much of this progress has been the result of persistent advocacy and activism. “The reforms we see today are the result of tireless voices raised in the media and in court. Journalists and public figures, like you, have been at the forefront of pushing for change. It is your efforts that have helped shape the current landscape for women in the armed forces,” Dr. Kanitkar says, recognizing the significant role of the media in driving societal change.

Addressing Gender Bias in Military Leadership

Despite these advancements, the debate around women in combat continues, with some arguing that there are physical and psychological differences between men and women that make them less suited for front-line positions. Critics point to the physical demands of combat roles as a rea-

son to exclude women from these positions. The government has also raised concerns about male soldiers’ ability to accept women officers in command positions, especially from lower-caste backgrounds. However, Dr. Kanitkar firmly disagrees with these arguments, emphasising that leadership is about competence and not gender. “The idea that male soldiers, especially from less privileged backgrounds, cannot follow a woman’s command is an insult to both women and those soldiers,” she asserts. “Leadership is about respect, skill, and the ability to lead under pressure, regardless of gender. Women officers have proven themselves in numerous instances.”

In fact, Dr. Kanitkar cites the example of women leading on Republic Day celebrations, where female officers commanded their units with authority and received full respect from their male counterparts. “This event was a powerful testament to the ability of women to lead and command in the military,” she says. “Not only did their male colleagues accept their orders, but they also recognized their competence, proving that preconceived notions about gender in leadership are simply wrong.”

The Way Forward: Nari Shakti and National Security

Dr. Kanitkar is optimistic about the future, recognizing that while the integration of women into national security services is still a work in progress, it is a journey that will ultimately benefit the country as a whole. “To advance holistically as a nation, both men and women must contribute to national security. Women’s inclusion in all sectors is crucial not only for their empowerment but for the nation’s growth,”

she says. “When women are represented in leadership roles across different fields, it sets a powerful example for others to follow. It helps break the gender gap and inspires future generations.”

She emphasises that true empowerment is about choice—the freedom for women to pursue whatever career path they desire. “The goal is not to force gender parity in every single role but to give women the choice to pursue any role they wish in the military, knowing they have equal opportunities for growth and leadership,” she says. “The process of change will be gradual, but it’s important that women continue to have a voice in these decisions.”

Conclusion: A New Era for Women in India’s Military

In this compelling interview, Dr. Madhuri Kanitkar lays bare the challenges and triumphs of women’s integration into the Indian military and national security services. As India continues to evolve in its approach to gender equality in defence, the contributions of women like Dr. Kanitkar are paving the way for future generations to take on leadership roles in the security sector. Her call for more inclusive, gender-neutral roles in modern warfare echoes across not only India but the world. Ultimately, the journey toward equality is not only about women’s empowerment but about ensuring that both genders are equally empowered to contribute to the protection and progress of their country.

SAFETY TOP 10

WEBSITES

NIRBHAYA

Be Fearless, Be Free: Women’s Safety Resources in India

Nirbhaya: Be Fearless, Be Free is a comprehensive resource that aims to equip women with the knowledge and tools to ensure their safety. The website offers information on self-defense techniques, safety tips, and resources for reporting and addressing harassment or violence. It’s a valuable platform for women to gain confidence and assert their rights.

It came into existence after the brutal gang rape and murder of a young woman on December 16, 2012, in Delhi, India. The victim’s name was Jyoti Singh Pandey, but she is often referred to as “Nirbhaya” in the media, which means “fearless” or “courageous” in Hindi.

The Nirbhaya case was a watershed moment in India, sparking widespread outrage and protests across the country. The incident highlighted issues related to women’s safety, gender-based violence, and the need for legal reforms. The public outcry and the demand for justice led to significant changes in Indian law, including stricter punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence.

The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act of 2013 was enacted in response to the tragic Nirbhaya case. This legislation brought about significant changes by amending various Sections of the Indian Penal Code, the Indian Evidence Act and the Criminal Procedure Code.

Under this amendment, several new offences were introduced into the Indian Penal Code, including acid attacks (Sections 326A and 326B), voyeurism (Section 354C), stalking (Section 354D), attempting to disrobe a woman (Section 354B), sexual harassment (Section 354A), and sexual assault resulting in death or causing a person to be in a persistent vegetative state (Section 376A).

Additionally, the Act made existing offences more stringent. Notably, it expanded the definition of rape in Section 375 to encompass acts beyond penetration. It also replaced Section 370 with Sections 370 and 370A, aligning the definition of trafficking with the UN Trafficking Protocol, although “forced labor” was excluded. For further amendments related to rape and sexual violence crimes, the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act of 2018 should also be referenced.

SAFECITY

Empowering Women through Crowd-Mapping for Safer Communities

Safecity is a crowd-mapping platform that invites women to report incidents of harassment and violence in public spaces. By sharing their experiences, women can contribute to creating safer communities. The platform also offers valuable insights into the safety of different areas, helping women make informed choices about where they travel and when.

Here’s how Safecity typically works:

• Reporting: Users can submit reports of incidents through the Safecity website or mobile app. These reports often include details such as the location, time and nature of the incident.

• Mapping: The data from these reports is then mapped, providing a visual representation of where incidents are occurring. This mapping helps identify areas with higher rates of harassment and violence.

• Awareness and Advocacy: Safecity uses the collected data to raise awareness about the issue of gender-based violence in specific locations. They also engage in advocacy efforts to work with local authorities and communities to improve safety and reduce incidents of harassment.

• Empowerment: Safecity aims to empower individuals by providing them with a platform to speak out about their experiences, fostering a sense of community and support among survivors and allies.

Safecity’s mission is to make public spaces safer for everyone, particularly women and marginalized communities. By collecting and visualizing data on incidents of harassment and violence, they aim to drive change at the community and policy levels. The initiative encourages individuals to share their stories, advocate for their rights, and work collectively to create safer urban environments.

Safecity transforms personal stories of harassment into powerful data, creating awareness, driving advocacy, and empowering communities to reclaim public spaces for safety and equality.

WOMEN’S HELPLINE

Supporting Women’s Safety and Rights in India

The Women’s Helpline website is a government initiative established to address and prioritize the safety and well-being of women in India. This platform serves as a vital resource for women by providing essential information and resources related to various aspects of women’s safety, rights, and overall welfare.

Here’s a more detailed explanation of what the Women’s Helpline offers:

• Information Hub: The website serves as an extensive information hub, offering resources on a wide range of topics relevant to women’s safety and well-being. This includes information on legal rights, health, education, and various government schemes and initiatives designed to support women.

• Support for Women in Distress: The Women’s Helpline website acts as a lifeline for women who find themselves in distress or facing challenging situations. It provides guidance on how to seek help, whom to contact, and what steps to take when dealing with issues related to domestic violence, harassment, or any other form of gender-based violence.

• Government Initiatives: The platform provides insights into government initiatives and programs aimed at empowering women. It offers informa-

tion on schemes such as the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (Save the Daughter, Educate the Daughter) program, and others designed to address gender disparities and promote gender equality.

• Legal Support: The website often offers guidance on legal aspects related to women’s rights and safety. It provides information about relevant laws, procedures for reporting crimes, and the importance of legal protection for women.

• Awareness and Education: The Women’s Helpline is a valuable resource for raising awareness about women’s issues and educating women about their rights and the resources available to them. It empowers women with knowledge and helps them make informed decisions.

• Contact Information: The website typically includes contact details for various helplines, support organizations, and government agencies that can offer assistance to women in need. These contacts are crucial for women who require immediate help or advice.

• Safety Tips: The platform may also provide safety tips and advice on how to stay safe in different situations, whether in public spaces or at home. These tips can be practical and actionable, helping women make safer choices in their daily lives.

SAYFTY

Empowering Women for Safety and Gender Equality in India

Sayfty is an organization dedicated to women’s safety, empowerment, and gender equality. Their website provides a wealth of information, resources, and support for women. It’s a hub for learning about safety measures, self-defense techniques, and women’s rights.

Here are some of the key initiatives and activities that Sayfty was known for:

• Educational Workshops: Sayfty conducted workshops and training programs to educate women and girls about their rights, personal safety, and self-defense techniques. These workshops aimed to empower women to protect themselves and make informed decisions about their safety.

• Online Advocacy: Sayfty utilized various online platforms, including social media, to raise awareness about gender-based violence and advocate for women’s rights. They used the power of social media to engage in conversations and campaigns addressing these issues.

• #SayftyChat: Sayfty was known for its Twitter chat series, #SayftyChat, where they discussed a wide range of topics related to women’s safety, empowerment, and gen-

der equality. These chats brought together experts, activists, and the general public to share insights and experiences.

• Resource Sharing: Sayfty provided resources and information related to women’s safety and empowerment, such as articles, guides, and videos, through their website and social media channels.

• Collaborations: The organization collaborated with other NGOs, women’s rights groups, and governmental organizations to collectively work towards improving women’s safety and rights.

Please note that the organization’s activities and focus may have evolved or expanded since my last knowledge update in 2022. I recommend visiting Sayfty’s official website or checking their latest social media updates to get the most current information on their initiatives and work in the field of women’s safety, empowerment, and gender equality.

SHE THE PEOPLE TV

Amplifying Women’s Voices for Equality and Empowerment

SheThePeople.TV is a digital media platform based in India that focuses on women’s issues, empowerment, and gender equality. The platform was founded by Shaili Chopra, an Indian journalist, in 2015. SheThePeople.TV provides a space for women to share their stories, experiences, and opinions on various topics related to gender, feminism, entrepreneurship, leadership, and more. Here are some key features and initiatives associated with SheThePeople.TV:

• Digital Content: SheThePeople.TV produces and publishes a wide range of digital content, including articles, videos, interviews, and features that highlight the achievements, challenges, and experiences of women in India and around the world.

• Women’s Voices: The platform amplifies the voices of women by providing a platform for them to share their stories and perspectives. It covers a diverse range of topics, including women in business, politics, technology, sports, and more.

• Interview Series: SheThePeople.TV often conducts interviews and discussions with prominent women leaders, activists, and change-makers. These interviews shed light on their journeys and contributions to society.

• Campaigns: SheThePeople.TV has run campaigns and initiatives aimed at raising awareness about gender equality, women’s rights, and other important social issues. These campaigns often engage with the public through social media and other platforms.

• Community Building: SheThePeople.TV fosters a sense of community among women by providing a platform for networking, collaboration, and support.

SheThePeople.TV empowers women by amplifying their stories, fostering community, and advocating for gender equality through impactful content and campaigns

• Events and Conferences: The platform has organized events and conferences that bring together women from various fields to discuss important issues and promote women’s empowerment.

https://www.shethepeople.tv/

NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN (NCW)

Protecting Women’s Rights and Safety in India

The National Commission for Women is a statutory body in India that works tirelessly to protect and promote the rights of women. Their website provides essential information, resources, and a platform for addressing women’s issues, including safety.

The National Commission for Women (NCW) is a statutory body in India established to promote and protect the rights of women. The NCW was set up in 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act of 1990. It operates as an autonomous organization within the Indian government and is responsible for addressing various issues related to women’s rights and welfare. Here are some key functions and responsibilities of the National Protection of Women’s Rights: The primary mandate of the NCW is to protect and promote the rights of women in India. This includes addressing cases of violence, discrimination, and harassment against women.

• Investigation and Inquiry: The NCW has the authority to investigate and inquire into matters involving the violation of women’s rights. This can include cases of domestic violence, sexual harassment, dowry-related issues, and more.

• Recommendations and Advocacy: The NCW makes recommendations to the government on policies and measures for the empowerment

and welfare of women. It also advocates for the implementation of these recommendations.

• Legal Reforms: The NCW plays a role in recommending changes to existing laws or the formulation of new legislation to better protect women’s rights.

• Research and Documentation: The commission conducts research and documentation on various issues affecting women in India. This research helps in creating awareness and informing policy decisions.

• Public Awareness: The NCW works to raise public awareness about issues related to women’s rights and gender equality through various programs, campaigns, and initiatives.

• Legal Aid and Counseling: The commission provides legal aid and counseling to women in need, especially in cases of violence or discrimination.

• Complaint Redressal: The NCW accepts complaints from women who have experienced violations of their rights and takes action to address these issues.

• Collaboration: The commission collaborates with government bodies, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders to further its mission.

MY SAFETIPIN

Enhancing Personal Safety with a Mobile App for Women

My Safetipin is a safety and personal security app developed to assist individuals, particularly women, in evaluating and enhancing their safety when moving around in urban areas. The app was designed to provide valuable information and features for users to make informed decisions about their safety. Here are some of the key features and functions of My Safetipin:

• Safety Audits: My Safetipin allows users to conduct safety audits of specific locations, such as streets, neighborhoods, or public spaces. Users can rate the area based on factors like lighting, visibility, crowd, and general safety. These safety audits help build a database of safety information.

• Safety Scores: The app provides safety scores for different areas based on the data collected from user audits. These scores can help users assess the safety of a location before visiting it.

• Safety Tips: My Safetipin offers safety tips and recommendations for users, providing guidance on how to stay safe in various situations and environments.

• GPS Tracking: Users can share their real-time location with trusted contacts, allowing friends or family members to track their whereabouts and receive notifications when they reach their destination safely.

• Emergency Services: The app typically includes features to quickly access emergency services, such as calling the police or contacting a helpline, in case of an emergency.

• Safety Map: Users can view a map that highlights safer areas and routes within a city, helping them plan their journeys to avoid potentially risky locations.

• User Community: My Safetipin encourages users to contribute to the safety of their communities by conducting safety audits and sharing information with others.

Please note that the specific features and capabilities of My Safetipin may vary, and the app may have evolved since my last knowledge update in January 2022. I recommend visiting the app’s official website or checking the app store for the most up-to-date information on its functions and availability in your region.

BREAKTHROUGH

Challenging Gender-Based Violence and Discrimination

Breakthrough is an organization that focuses on gender-based violence and discrimination. They offer resources and advocacy for women’s safety and empowerment. Their website is a valuable source of information and support for women seeking to break free from the cycle of violence and discrimination.

Breakthrough is indeed an organization that has been actively involved in promoting gender equality and women’s rights. While it focuses on various aspects of gender equality, including issues that affect women, its work is not exclusively limited to women. Instead, Breakthrough aims to address and challenge the societal norms and behaviors that perpetuate discrimination and inequality, affecting people of all genders.

Breakthrough is dedicated to dismantling the culture that tolerates gender-based violence and discrimination. They are actively engaged in shaping the beliefs and attitudes of nearly 1.5 million adolescents in schools and communities. By instilling the values of gender equality, leadership, empowerment, and negotiation skills in young minds, Breakthrough is paving the way for a generation that will help transform our society.

Empowered with these essential qualities, young people are taking the lead in challenging gen-

der-based violence. Breakthrough not only provides support but also equips them with powerful media tools to influence public narratives. Through their efforts, Breakthrough inspires people to collectively work towards a world characterized by equality, dignity, and justice.

The impact of their work is evident in communities where the age of marriage is increasing, and more girls are able to pursue their education with greater aspirations. Ultimately, when gender norms change, it opens up a world of new possibilities for girls, allowing them to dream bigger and reach for more.

Breakthrough empowers 1.5 million adolescents with values of equality and leadership, inspiring change through media and community action. By challenging gender norms, they enable more girls to pursue education and transform societal narratives toward dignity, justice, and opportunity for all

JAGORI

Empowering Women and Promoting Safety in India

Jagori is an organization that is deeply committed to addressing women’s safety and empowerment through various initiatives and resources. Their website provides a range of information, tools, and support to help women take control of their safety and well-being. Jagori is a well-known women’s rights organization based in India. It was founded in 1984 in New Delhi and has been actively working to empower women, promote gender equality, and address various issues related to women’s rights and safety. The organization’s name “Jagori” means “Awaken, Women!” in Hindi, reflecting its mission to awaken and empower women to be agents of social change. Key aspects of Jagori’s work include:

• Community Engagement: Jagori actively engages with local communities to promote awareness and consciousness about gender issues. They conduct workshops, awareness campaigns, and discussions in various neighborhoods and regions.

• Capacity Building: The organization provides training and capacity-building programs for women to help them build their skills and knowledge, which is essential for their personal and collective

empowerment.

• Gender-Based Violence: Jagori works on issues related to gender-based violence, including domestic violence and sexual harassment. They offer support, counseling, and legal assistance to survivors of such violence.

• Women’s Safety: The organization has initiatives focused on enhancing women’s safety, especially in urban areas. They advocate for safe public spaces, better lighting, and improved public transportation to make cities more secure for women.

• Women’s Health: Jagori also addresses women’s health issues and reproductive rights, providing information, resources, and support for women’s overall well-being.

• Research and Advocacy: Jagori conducts research and advocacy efforts to influence policies and practices related to women’s rights and gender equality. They work to change societal norms and attitudes that perpetuate gender-based discrimination.

• Cultural Initiatives: Jagori often uses art, culture, and media to convey messages of gender equality and challenge traditional stereotypes.

• Collaboration: The organization collaborates with other women’s rights groups, NGOs, and governmental bodies to advance the cause of women’s empowerment and gender equality.

https://www.jagori.org/

VIDHI CENTRE FOR LEGAL POLICY

Advancing Women’s Rights and Gender Equality in India

The Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy, as of my last knowledge update in January 2022, is an independent think tank and legal research organization in India that works on a wide range of legal and policy issues. While Vidhi may not have a specific program exclusively dedicated to women’s safety, they do engage in research and advocacy related to gender-related legal matters and women’s rights. Their work in this area may include the following:

• Legal Research: Vidhi conducts research on laws and policies related to women’s safety and rights, including issues such as domestic violence, sexual harassment, gender-based discrimination, and more. They may provide recommendations for legal reforms in these areas.

• Policy Analysis: Vidhi may analyze existing policies and make recommendations for improvements in the context of women’s safety and gender equality.

• Legal Education: Vidhi may contribute to legal education and awareness by producing resources and conducting workshops or seminars on women’s rights, gender-based violence, and related legal matters.

• Collaboration: Vidhi often collaborates with government agencies, NGOs, and other stake-

holders to work on projects and initiatives aimed at promoting women’s safety and empowerment.

• Advocacy: While not primarily an advocacy organization, Vidhi may engage in advocacy efforts related to women’s safety and legal reforms by participating in public discourse, providing expert opinions, and contributing to the public policy debate.

It’s important to note that Vidhi’s specific initiatives and areas of focus can change over time, so it’s advisable to check their official website or contact them directly for the most current information on their work related to women’s safety and gender-related legal issues. They may have expanded their efforts in this area or collaborated with other organizations that specialize in women’s safety and empowerment since my last update.