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Inexistence of the “Ether Wind” can’t be proved by
3 Objective invariable light velocity prompts only when light passes a certain point in space, and the point can't have an assignment .......................................................... 24 4 The nonlinear composition of light velocity .................. 26 5 AB line connecting two mass centers ............................ 26
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Superluminal and Instantaneous Phenomenon ...................28 Abstract ......................................................................... 28 Keywords ....................................................................... 28 1 The particularity of light ................................................. 29 2 About this model ............................................................ 30 3 Nuclear quantum mechanics describes the nature of the zero space ......................................................................... 30 4 Determine the superluminal and instantaneous phenomenon ..................................................................... 31 Reference ...................................................................... 32 The Superluminal breaks out the Theory of Relativity’s Application ..........................................................................................33 Abstract ......................................................................... 33 Keywords ....................................................................... 33
Introduction ...................................................................... 33 1 The invariability of light velocity is a quantitative effect 34 2 The invariability of light velocity is conditional .............. 39
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3 The superluminal, similar to the supersonic .................. 43 4 Probably the light velocity is affected by electric or magnetic fields .................................................................. 45 4.1 Experimental principle ................................................ 46 4.2 Experimental device .................................................... 46 4.3 Experimental procedures ............................................ 47
The original algorithm of Michelson-Morley’s Experiment is wrong and the Constancy Principle has always been unfounded............................................................................................50
Keywords ....................................................................... 50 Introduction ...................................................................... 51 1 Sufficient and Necessary Condition of the establishment of Formula m 2 1 2 1 ( ) ( ) r r r r
2 The Light Route of Michelson’s Experiment is closed.... 52
3 The Difference between Michelson’s Experiment and Young’s Experiment .......................................................... 53 4 The Formula m 2 1 2 1 ( ) ( ) r r r r
can’t be used in
5 The Correct Algorithm for Michelson’s Experiment ...... 54
6 Inexistence of the “Ether Wind” can’t be proved by Michelson's Experiment. ................................................... 54
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7 The Discussion of ����≠����.............................................. 55 Conclusions ....................................................................... 57 References .................................................................... 57
Unified Theory of Natural Science and FTL Problems ......58 Abstract ......................................................................... 58 Keywords ....................................................................... 59
Introduction ...................................................................... 59 1 Why the strict "unified electromagnetic theory" cannot exist; applying least square method to establish "partial and temporary unified electromagnetic theory so far" .... 60 2 Applying least square method to establish "partial and temporary unified gravitational theory so far"................. 64 3 Other "partial and temporary unified theory so far", especially "partial and temporary unified theory of natural science so far" ................................................................... 71 4 Applying "partial and temporary unified theory of natural science so far" to deal with a number of FTL problems ... 73
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Preface by FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE
In a similar way as passing from Euclidean Geometry to Non-Euclidean Geometry, we can pass from Subluminal Physics to Superluminal Physics, and further to Instantaneous Physics (instantaneous traveling). In the lights of two consecutive successful CERN experiments with superluminal particles in the fall of 2011, we believe these two new fields of research should begin developing. A physical law has a form in Newtonian physics, another form in the Relativity Theory, and different form at Superluminal theory, or at Instantaneous (infinite) speeds –according to the SDenying Theory spectrum. First, we extend physical laws and formulas to superluminal traveling and to instantaneous traveling. Afterwards, we should extend existing classical physical theories from subluminal to superluminal and instantaneous traveling. And lately we need to find a general theory that unites all theories at law speeds, relativistic speeds, superluminal speeds, and instantaneous speeds,as in the S-Multispace Theory.
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The First International Conference on Superluminal Physics as New Fields of Research was hold at the University of New Mexico, Gallup Campus, NM 87301, USA, as an electronic conference on 2-4 July 2012. Papers of research in the Superluminal Physics and Instantaneous Physics were sent to Prof. Florentin Smarandache, University of New Mexico, Gallup, NM 87301, USA, E-mail: smarand@unm.edu, by July 1st, 2012, to be published in the Proceedings of the First International Conference on Superluminal Physics & Instantaneous Physics as New Fields of Research.
We have selected seven papers from the following authors and co-authors KAIZHE GUO, CHONGWU GUO, CHEN JIANGUO, DONG JINGFENG, MI HAIJIANG, CHANGWEI HU, YANG SHIJIA,GULI, and FU YUHUA. Below we resume their papers.
The Special Relativity was universally accepted. Nevertheless, the postulate of the constancy of the velocity of light got continuously challenged since its establishment from both theories and experiments, and it is confronted with a series of serious difficulties. “Today, while we affirm and praise the great triumphs achieved by the Relativity Theory, we should work harder to establish a more scientific theory as far as the Relativity Theory is concerned”, it is the conclusion of the paper
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Review of the Constancy of the Velocity of Light from Innate
Character of Lorentz “Local time”, by KAIZHE GUO and CHONGWU GUO.
Based on the relativity effect formula presented by Professor Lu Jiahong in 1984, and through the analysis of related experiment and theory, the paper Principle of Field Potential and FTL Phenomenon by researchers CHEN JIANGUO and DONG JINGFENG proposes the new conclusion that "the speed of light may be the result of non-linear superimposition". This superimposition rule is based on the “Principle of field potential”. The researchers avow, for the reason of nonlinear superimposition of light velocity, that the faster-than-light (FTL) phenomenon is possible. In another paper, Superluminal and Instantaneous Phenomenon, MI HAIJIANG states that the velocity cannot exceed the (maximum) speed of light, and that the speed of light itself is not at fixed speed. “The movement of the light has a period of 'excitement'; in three-dimensional space, it has a 'walking period'. High-frequency photons 'speed' slowly, Neutrinos 'frequency' is relatively small, so it 'speeds' faster”, the author utters.
“The invariability of light velocity is a quantitative effect caused by the change of space-time standards”, states CHANGWEI HU in the paper The Superluminal breaks out the Theory of Relativity’s Application. Where the light velocity is
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slower, a ruler becomes shorter, and a clock runs more slowly. The invariability of light velocity is conditional, and it is established only in the stationary frame of reference. The light is an ether (the physical vacuum) wave; its velocity is different where the ether density is different; the light velocity could be surpassed in the ether, the same way as the super-sound in atmosphere. The delay of radar echo shows that the gravitational field can affect light velocity, andthe electric or magnetic field is more likely to affect light velocity, explains the author. Michelson—Morley’s experiment is considered as the decisive experiment according to which to judge whether “ether wind” exists or not. Though the experiment has been done repeatedly for many times, it seems that the calculating method of the experiment has not been studied carefully. In the paper
The original algorithm of Michelson-Morley’s Experiment is wrong and the Constancy Principle has always been
unfounded, YANG SHIJIA and GULI show that the algorithm of Michelson—Morley’s Experiment is wrong, and that the Michelson’s experiment cannot prove the inexistence of “ether wind”. The authors’ conclusions are that the Constancy Principle has not fundaments, and “Superluminal is a natural phenomenon”. FU YUHUA debates, in the paper Unified Theory of Natural Science so far and FTL Problems, about the strict "unified theory". One of the reasons for 1979 Nobel Prize for
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