YEAR 5 DESIGN PORTFOLIO

F R E D E R I C K M AW H O O D

YEAR 5 DESIGN PORTFOLIO

ASSIGNMENT 01 ENGINEERED TIMBER CASE STUDY

TAMEDIA OFFICE 03

3D MODELLING INVESTIGATION

ASSIGNMENT 02 MULTI-AUTHORED MESH COMPOSITES

ST JOHN’S CATHEDRAL 04

CONTEXT CAPTURED FACADES

ASSIGNMENT 02 MULTI-AUTHORED MESH COMPOSITES

ST MARY’S CHURCH 05

CONTEXT CAPTURED OBJECTS

ASSIGNMENT 02 MULTI-AUTHORED MESH COMPOSITES

ST MARY’S CHURCH DETAIL 06

SMALL-SCALE MESH STUDY

ASSIGNMENT 02 MULTI-AUTHORED MESH COMPOSITES

LESNES ABBEY RUINS 07

MEDIUM-SCALE MESH STUDY

ASSIGNMENT 02 MULTI-AUTHORED MESH COMPOSITES

ST JOHN’S CATHEDRAL 08

LARGE-SCALE MESH STUDY

ASSIGNMENT 02 PIRANESI’S CAMPO DI MARZIO TILE

THE SUNKEN CITY 09

ANCIENT ROME REIMAGINED

ASSIGNMENT 03 ADAPTIVE CLIMACTIC SHELTER

LIFE POD 3000 11

EXTERIOR VISUALISATION

ASSIGNMENT 03 ADAPTIVE CLIMACTIC SHELTER

LIFE POD 3000 12

INTERIOR VISUALISATION

ASSIGNMENT 03 ADAPTIVE CLIMACTIC SHELTER

LIFE POD 3000 13

INTERIOR VISUALISATION

ASSIGNMENT 04

DESIGN THESIS BRIEF

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

BRIDGING THE CULTURAL DIVIDE

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THE RESIDENTS OF KIRUNA

TOURISTS & EXPLORERS

SAMI REPRESENTATIVES

SAMI REINDEER HERDERS

With a prominent location in the new town plan, the building has an obligation to provide the residents of Kiruna with a memorable and accessible new landmark for their city. As such it should offer lots of internal public spaces for people to enjoy, and create lots of external opportunities for leisure and recreation activities. It’s location directly adjacent to Kiruna’s soon to be retired golf course suggests that the building could be integrated into the natural landscape, and function as a gateway into a new urban park/hiking route for Kiruna’s residents.

The planned location for Kiruna’s Sami Parliament is located on the city’s eastern boundary between the urban and natural environments.

The remains of the golf course, destroyed by a new road-link, could become an exciting new hiking route to the lakes north of the town, with my building functioning as a rest-stop for tourists and adventurers who have travelled to Kiruna to hike and fish. Whilst they rest in the building’s interior, they will have access to the Sami library and exhibition spaces so they can educate themselves on Sami culture.

My building will serve as Sweden’s, much needed, new Samediggi (Sami Parliament). The design must include adequate spaces for all of the fundamental activities of a parliamentary establishment whilst simultaneously being architecturally adventurous enough to act as a landmark within the new city plan. The form and materiality of the proposal should not only create an interesting and vibrant work environment for the Sami politicians, but also respond to the cultural values of Sami traditions, i.e. minimal impact to the environment.

Kiruna is located at the boundary between the autumn and winter pastures, and thus in November the reindeer are herded past the town and corralled into smaller groups on their way back to the shelter of the eastern forests. My building should be designed to celebrate and accommodate this unique process, and become a camping and grazing area for Kiruna’s Sami population living traditional lives. This will allow them to inform and engage with the Sami who are involved in the political debate, and rediscover Kiruna’s connection to its Sami roots.

. The building will create a new hiking route to the north of Kiruna . The building should offer public spaces free for residents to enjoy . The old golf course will be turned into a new park for residents

. The building offers amenities to hikers travelling north to the lakes . The building will function to educate visitors about Sami culture . A Library and exhibition hall allow tourists to engage in the debate

. The building will contain a spacious debating chamber and offices . The building will foster an interesting and vibrant work environment . Administrative functions will be located at the end of the linear park

. The building will create a sheltered space for Sami to camp within . The site will contain a grazing area for herded reindeer to explore . The building will incorporate the corralling process into its design

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

GABNA SAMI VILLAGE KIRUNA’S RELATIONSHIP TO MIGRATION

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THE 51 SAMI VILLAGES IN SWEDEN A sameby is not a traditional village, but rather both an economic association and a specific geographical area. The right to conduct reindeer herding in Sweden belongs exclusively to the Sami population; however, in order to exercise this right, it is necessary to be a member of a sameby. This is an extensive area, stretching from the inland forest areas to the mountains on the Norwegian border, and follow the reindeer’s annual migration route.

ASSIGNMENT 04

DESIGN THESIS CONCEPT

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

INTEGRATING THE MIGRATION PROCESS

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Calving Land

Winter Land

Cultivation Boundary

Summer Land

Sami Forest Villages

Lappmark Boundary

Autumn Land

Kiruna Town Centre

GIDÁ // SPRING SEASON

GESSE // SUMMER SEASON

TJAKTJA // AUTUMN SEASON

DÁLVVE // WINTER SEASON

In late-march to early-april the reindeer herd begins the migration from the eastern lowland forests to the calving grounds in the mountains to the west. The migration is led by the pregnant females and both the reindeer and the Sami make the move before the calves are born. The long dark winter finally gives way to the spring season, which spans the months of April and May. The temperature begins to increase and ice starts to melt in the southern parts of Swedish Lapland - it is during this period the calves are born in the foothills.

June sees the nights get lighter as spring gradually gives way to summer. Released from its icy grip, the landscape explodes into life, and on the mountains the reindeer graze on birch groves in the swamplands. The Sami have time to rest and prepare for the earmarking of the new-born calves. The long-awaited summer season spans the months of June and July and is characterised by twentyfour hours per day sunlight. The herds will have been moved to higher grounds to avoid the insects as the earmarking process begins.

During August the evenings and nights begin to grow darker. It is a crucial period for the reindeer, who must sieze the oportunity to gorge and develop fat and muscle mass to see them through the winter. The Sami prepare themselves by selecting the fattest bull reindeer for slaughter and supplement their diet with a traditional elk hunt and river fishing activities. The rutting season commences and after the mating has taken place the Sami prepare their herds for the long journey back to the winter pastures.

November and December see the days growing shorter and snow once again covers the landscape. During this period a number of calves are selected for slaughter and the herds are divided into smaller groups using a corral. The Sami will also take this opportunity to inoculate their beasts against diseases and attach satellite tracking collars to selected animals. Winter runs from December to March and finds the herd grazing freely in the woodland areas, where they are monitored daily until the sun returns and the cycle begins again.

. The annual migration from the eastern lowland forests commences . During the journey the harder snow and ground-ice starts to melt . The calves are born in the foothills of the mountains to the west

. Bathed in twenty-four hour sunlight the landscape explodes with life . The Sami enjoy some well-earned rest and prepare for earmarking . The herds move to higher grounds further west to avoid the insects

. The reindeer gorge themselves to develop fat and muscle for winter . A traditional elk hunt begins and the Sami engage in fishing activities . After the reindeer mate the herds are prepared for the return journey

. The days grow shorter and snow once again covers the landscape . The herds are rounded up in a corral and split into smaller groups . Reindeer are moved back to the woodland areas and graze freely

ASSIGNMENT 04

1:5000 SITE PLAN

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

LOCATION OF SAMI PARLIAMENT

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PLANNED LOCATION OF SAMI PARLIAMENT The proposed location for Kiruna’s Sami Parliament building is located on the eastern edge of the city at the boundary between the urban and natural environments. The site is currently occupied by a number of disused industrial structures and features a hiking track to the north which takes you to Kiruna’s golf course and onwards to popular fishing lakes.

White’s new plan for the city does not include the existing golf course, which is destroyed by the new road linking the south eastern and north-western edges of the town. The essence of Sami culture is based on the sensible and sustainable usage of the natural environment; therefore, I see huge potential in connecting the landscape left by the golf course with the parliament site to create a new public hiking route for the city.

09

01

05

08 05

04

07

06

02

03

DOMINANT WIND DIRECTIONS FOR KIRUNA DURING THE YEAR

N

0

N 18% NE 7% E 5%

SE 6% S 22% SW 27%

W 7% NW 8%

01 Sami Parliament 02 Kiruna City Hall 03 Transport Centre

04 Culture Centre 05 Sports Centres 06 Swimming Hall

07 Landscaped City Park 08 Church & Crematorium 09 Redundant Golf Course

Planned Landscape

Main Public Square

Existing Buildings

Existing Landscape

Important Buildings

Urbanised Areas

Golf Course Lakes

Planned Buildings

Planned Railroad

100

250

500

ASSIGNMENT 04

URBAN TRANSFORMATION

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

CREATING A NEW GATEWAY TO NATURE

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SÁMEDIGGI GATEWAY TO NATURE

The landscaped area of Kiruna’s soon-to-be redundant golf course could be used to create a new connection between Kiruna and the landscape north of the city. A new hiking route to the lakes of Tuollujarvi, Kaperasjarvi and Kirkkovaartijarvi could be established, and the area could become a camping, corralling and grazing grounds for Sami herding their reindeer across Lapland. Sami architecture is designed to be integrated with the natural landscape, so it makes sense to situate my proposal for a new Sami Parliament in this open landscape.

WHITE’S TRANSFORMATION PLAN

MY PROPOSED TRANSFORMATION

As part of the master planning process, White Architects have structured the city to allow for multiple future development routes towards the north, south and east. This diagram shows White’s view of what the city layout could look like by the year 2100. Their proposition would result in the Sami Parliament building becoming surrounded by urban fabric and its connection to nature lost. In addition, I think that it would be a shame if the linear park connecting the east and west sides of the town became completely enclosed by urban fabric, when there is an existing hiking route to the lakes north of the city that it could feed into.

As White’s transformation plan is a speculative proposition, I have decided to propose a slight alteration for the purpose of Kiruna’s Sami Parliament building. All possible routes of urban development remain intact, with the exception of the finger adjacent to the proposed location of the Sámediggi. My plan is to keep this area free of urban fabric and utilise the redundant golf course to create a herding and corralling area for the reindeer, as well as a new hiking route to the lakes north of the city. This would create a connection to nature for both tourists and citizens to enjoy, and serve as the perfect backdrop for Sweden’s new Sami Parliament.

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

KIRUNA FIRESTATION 19

CATALOGING KIRUNA’S ARTEFACTS

PRESERVING KIRUNA’S HERITAGE BUILDINGS THROUGH THE USE OF MODERN 3D SCANNING TECHNIQUES As Kiruna prepares to move, a selection of the town’s most important buildings have been chosen to move with it; including the famous church, the old clocktower, and an assortment of original LKAB mining houses. However, due to the large costs involved in dismantling, excavating and moving a permanent structure, the majority of the existing buildings are set to be demolished when the town moves, with new ones taking their place in the new masterplan. After speaking to residents, it became clear that there were a number of buildings they were sad to be saying goodbye to and this included the old timber fire station that had served the town for over 70 years. With my newly learned 3D scanning techniques I was able to capture a detailed model of this unique building during my stay, preserving its heritage forever in my digital environment.

ASSIGNMENT 04

THE LAPONIAN GATE

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

This is my life...

Winds and smoky snow...

Sunshine and drizzle...

Sounds of bells and dogs barking...

The bluethroat singing...

In the tundra as wide as a sea...

That is how my life’s rain falls...

Winds blow...

Ice rumbles...

Storms howl across the tundra...

This is my life...

Its sorrows tears the heart’s crying...

Its happiness and joy and delight...

Yesterday and today...

Brothers and sisters...

Young and old...

Men and women...

This is my life...

I am a part of nature...

I feel I know...

The yoik in the wind...

The bird’s singing in Summer nights...

Nils-Aslak Valkeapää

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CULTURAL INSPIRATION FOR FORM

ASSIGNMENT 04

AXONOMETRIC 01

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

PARLIAMENTARY CHAMBER

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PARLIAMENTARY FACILITIES 01) PARLIAMENT LOBBY [THERMAL BUFFER] 02) RECEPTION [SECURITY & CLOAKROOM] 03) PLENARY CHAMBER & GALLERY SEATING 04) PROCESSION CORRIDOR INTO CHAMBER 05) MEDIA BRIEFING ROOMS 06) TELECOMMUNICATIONS & SERVER ROOMS 07) PRIVATE STAFF LAVATORIES 08) THE OFFICES OF THE SAMI PARLIAMENT 09) PRIVATE CIRCULATION CORRIDOR 10) GENERAL MEETING ROOMS 11) FLEXIBLE COMMITTEE ROOM 12) CIRCULATION CORE [LIFT & STAIRS] 13) UPPER FOYER [BREAK OUT SPACE]

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13)

11)

06) 10) 09) 03) 05)

08)

04)

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07)

01)

ASSIGNMENT 04

AXONOMETRIC 02

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

EDUCATIONAL CHAMBER

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EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 01) LIBRARY LOBBY [THERMAL BUFFER] 02) INFORMATION DESK & CHECKOUT 03) SAMI LIBRARY [GROUND LEVEL] 04) SAMI LIBRARY [MEZZANINE LEVEL] 05) PUBLIC LAVATORIES 06) SAMI LANGUAGE SCHOOL CLASSROOMS 07) HISTORICAL ARTIFACT DISPLAY 08) REINDEER HUSBANDRY & LAND ARCHIVES 09) CIRCULATION CORE [LIFT & STAIRS] 10) UPPER FOYER [BREAK OUT SPACE]

09)

10)

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08)

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06)

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01)

ASSIGNMENT 04

AXONOMETRIC 03

JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

RECREATIONAL CHAMBER

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RECREATIONAL FACILITIES 01) THEATRE LOBBY [THERMAL BUFFER] 02) RECEPTION DESK [BOX OFFICE TICKETS] 03) SAMI YOIK AUDITORIUM & UPPER GALLERY 04) STAGE WINGS & LOADING AREAS 05) CIRCULATION CORE [LIFT] 06) PUBLIC LAVATORIES 07) FLEXIBLE EXHIBITION SPACE 08) BACKSTAGE CIRCULATION & STORAGE 09) DRESSING ROOMS 10) REHERSAL ROOMS 11) PERFORMERS LOUNGE [GREEN ROOM] 12) SAMI RESTURANT KITCHEN 13) UPPER FOYER BAR & RESTURANT SEATING

13)

12)

11)

04)

05) 10)

08)

03)

09)

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01)

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

EXTERIOR VISUAL 01 26

VIEW FROM END OF HIGH STREET

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

EXTERIOR VISUAL 02 27

VIEW UPON FINAL APPROACH

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

INTERIOR VISUAL 01 28

VIEW FROM CIRCULATION SPACE

ASSIGNMENT 04 JODÁHAT SAMI PARLIAMENT

INTERIOR VISUAL 02 29

VIEW FROM LASSOING PEN