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AUSTRALIA Advancing Global Enterprise
GERMANY
Barbara Barkhausen and Wolfgang Mueller
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A FOCUS PUBLISHING BOOK PROJECT
Focus Publishing Pty Ltd ABN 55 003 600 360 PO Box 1628, Bondi Junction NSW 1355 Email: focus@focus.com.au Website: www.focus.com.au
Editor: Jennie Begg Design concepts: Rachel Hutchinson Layout: Pauline Callow and Simon Rattray Client Relationship Manager: Karen Young Picture research: Linda Vergnani Indexer: Meryl Potter Chairman: Steven Rich AM Publisher and Project Manager: Jaqui Lane General Manager Sales and Marketing: Cam Lavac Associate Publisher: Gillian Fitzgerald Managing Editor: Annette Carter Operations Manager: John Jakas Marketing Associate: Kelly Fisk Š Focus Publishing Pty Ltd 2005 This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Enquiries should be addressed to the publisher. ISBN 1 920683 59 3 While all reasonable attempts at factual accuracy have been made, Focus Publishing accepts no responsibility for any errors contained in this book. Focus Publishing Pty Ltd Focus Publishing is Australia’s leading custom and corporate publisher, specialising in producing high-quality custom and brand books, corporate histories and specific marketing, event, promotional and anniversary books. For more information on Focus Publishing, visit www.focus.com.au Note The following conversion rates are used in this book: 1 = A$1.6 A$1 = 0.6
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CONTENTS
Introduction
4
Infrastructure—vital for growth
Advisory Group
6
Environment is a key issue
102
Roll of Honour
8
Reforms smooth the way for new business
106
Mining and exploration increase
109
5 BRANDS
120
SECTION ONE
96
1 GERMANY
10
Automotive sector—a key exporter
122
Germany—a leading global nation in Europe
12
Fashion comes of age
123
German states maintain individuality
16
Wine and food move with the times
133
2 AUSTRALIA
32
Design—a forum for creative cooperation and exchange
137
Australia’s role in Asia-Pacific and the world
34
The world’s only nation continent
38
6 PEOPLE
144
Education bridges national borders
146
Old and new world cultures meet
150
Germans have a passion for travel
154
Australia—a unique experience
158
Two sport-loving nations
162
7 FACTS AND FIGURES
166
Useful contacts
182
Directory of Participants
184
Photo credits
190
Index
191
SECTION TWO 3 THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
48
Research, development and transfer of intellectual property
50
Biotechnology shows the way to the future
68
Two high-quality health systems
72
Financial sector gains importance
89
4 ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE
86
Energy—from fossil fuels to state-of-the-art technology
88
Life-giving water—a precious commodity
92
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INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Achim Drescher Managing Director, State Shipping Line, Sydney Vice-President, Australian German Association Inc (AGA) Co-chairman, Advisory Group
Firstly, I would like to congratulate the
It is marvellous to see the many
project participants and the publisher
commercial and cultural relationships
for creating the second edition of
that have developed between citizens
Australia–Germany: Advancing Global
of our two nations, and also the growing
Enterprise. I would also like to commend
interest among our young people in
the members of the project's distinguished
visiting each other’s country, whether
Advisory Group for the input and
to study, to explore or simply to enjoy
direction they have provided.
the very different experience.
Like its predecessor, this edition provides
At this time, when more and more of
a thorough and contemporary analysis
our communication is electronic, it is
of the trade, investment and cultural
perhaps a good thing to have this book,
relationships that exist between Australia
as a tangible showcase of our positive
and Germany. It continues to recognise
and growing relationship.
that these relationships extend beyond the domestic markets of both countries. It acknowledges the benefits each economy stands to enjoy by providing a platform from which the respective partners can access regional markets in Eastern Europe and Asia.
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INTRODUCTION
Professor Dr-Ing. Eckhard Rohkamm
AO
Chairman, OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association Co-chairman, Advisory Group
It is a great pleasure and honour for me
Bilateral relations between Australia
This book not only offers profoundly useful
to be associated with this new edition
and Germany have also developed
information on both markets and bilateral
of Australia–Germany: Advancing Global
in a very positive way. Australia is an
exchange, it also showcases examples of
Enterprise as Chairman of the German
important trading partner for Germany
successful business activities. The writers
Advisory Group. I am sure this volume,
and, since 2004, Germany’s fourth-largest
have gathered a wealth of relevant
like its predecessor in 1999, will be a
export destination. Trade between
information and have made the book
valuable tool for business people from
our two countries has been steadily
an authoritative guide to the successes
both our countries, with its well-
growing, with a considerable German
and the opportunities of our countries’
researched information on the business
surplus in our trade balance. Foreign
strong and productive relationship.
environments in Germany and Australia,
investment between our two countries
the strong bilateral trade and investment
is also increasing.
links that exist, and the opportunities to build on these links into the future.
I recommend this publication to readers from business and politics alike,
There is always room for further
both as an overview of German–
improvement, however. Business
Australian relations and as an outlook
After six years, the same key messages
opportunities in both countries deserve
on future possibilities.
are valid. Both economies have seen some
to be recognised more clearly. This is
changes over the years, and I would like
especially so in the face of growing
to draw attention to the very positive
regional integration both in Asia-Pacific
developments in the Australian economy,
and in Europe, which adds to the
with its impressive growth rates and
existing strengths of Germany and
budget surpluses.
Australia as business locations.
005
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ADVISORY GROUP
ADVISORY GROUP
GERMANY
CHAIRMAN
Professor Dr-Ing. Eckhard Rohkamm
AO
Chairman OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association
Her Excellency Mrs Pamela Fayle Ambassador to Germany Australian Embassy Juergen Fitschen Member of the Group Executive Committee Deutsche Bank AG Dr Hans-Peter Keitel Chairman of the Executive Board Hochtief AG Dr Klaus Meves Chairman of the Executive Board Hamburg Süd Dr h.c. August Oetker General Partner Dr August Oetker KG Dr Monika Stärk Executive Director OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association
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ADVISORY GROUP
AUSTRALIA
CHAIRMAN
Peter Duncan
His Excellency Mr Martin Lutz
Achim Drescher
President
Ambassador
Managing Director
Australian German Association Inc
Embassy of the Federal Republic
State Shipping Line, Sydney
of Germany
and Vice President,
Dr Roland Goll
Australian German Association Inc
Director
Maurice L Newman
Goethe-Institut
Chairman
AC
Australian Stock Exchange Martin Albrecht
AC
Peter Hordern
Chairman
Partner
Thiess Pty Ltd
Minter Ellison Revenue Group
Limited Steven Rich
AM
Chairman Mark Bethwaite
Wallace King
Managing Director and Chief
Chief Executive Officer
Executive Officer
Leighton Holdings Limited
AO
Focus Publishing Pty Ltd Dr Franz Sauter Managing Director
Australian Business Limited Ron Koehler Dr David Charles
Managing Director
Director
Schenker Australia Pty Ltd
BMW Australia Ltd Richard F E Warburton
AO
Director
The Allen Consulting Group Paul KĂśnig Peter Dreher
Partner
Partner
PricewaterhouseCoopers
O’Connell Street Associates Irene Zeitler
Madgwicks
Partner
Lawyers
Freehills
and Executive Officer Australian German Association Inc
Walking around a spiral ramp, tourists view the reflective core of the Reichstag dome in Berlin.
007
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ROLL OF HONOUR
ROLL OF HONOUR
MAJOR
KEY
Bayer
a. hartrodt
Hamburg Süd
AGA (Australian German Association Inc)
Invest in Germany
BASF Australia
Man Nutzfahzeuge AG
Bilfinger Berger Australia Pty Ltd
SEW-Eurodrive
BMW Australia Ltd
Thiess Pty Ltd
Carl Zeiss
ThyssenKrupp Technologies
DaimlerChrysler Australia/Pacific Pty Ltd Degussa Australia Deutsche Bank Deutz Australia The German–Australian Chamber of Industry and Commerce Group of Eight Lufthansa OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association Paul Hartmann PricewaterhouseCoopers Schenker Australia Siemens Wacker-Chemie
The airy colonnade of Australia’s New Parliament House in the nation’s capital, Canberra.
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ROLL OF HONOUR
009
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SECTION ONE
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1 GERMANY
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PREVIOUS PAGE: The spectacular dome of the Reichstag in Berlin. INSET: A statue in the marketplace, Bremen.
RIGHT: The plenary chamber of the Reichstag, Germany’s federal parliament.
GERMANY—A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE Germany is one of the world’s leading nations—
Germany is a member of the Economic and
third in terms of its economic output and first in
Monetary Union (EMU) and introduced the euro
the world for exports. The country is an attractive
on 1 January 2002. It is not only the location
market for foreign investors, offering a superbly
of its new capital that has made the German
developed infrastructure and a highly motivated,
government a supporter of the European Union’s
well-qualified work force. Situated in the centre
(EU) enlargement towards the eastern European
of Europe and lying between Scandinavia and
states. The EU has 25 members, and Bulgaria,
the Mediterranean countries, Germany links
Romania, Croatia and Turkey are candidates for
western and eastern Europe and sees itself as
future membership. Supporters say that Germany’s
the gateway to the growth markets of central
ageing society will need skilled migration from
and eastern Europe.
the East. Opponents fear that the weak domestic labour market could be further shaken by the
Following the unification of the two German states
cheap workforce from eastern Europe. Germany
in 1990, Berlin, in the northeast, became the
has found something of a happy medium.
capital. Germany has an integral role not only in
It convinced the European Commission that
the EU, but also in the United Nations (UN) and
existing EU members should be allowed to restrict
the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).
the migration of workers from the new member states for up to seven years.
With 82 million people, Germany is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe.
Germany is a federal republic, comprising 16 states
The country covers about 360,000 square
(Bundesländer). Three levels can be distinguished
kilometres and is smaller than neighbouring France,
in the structure of the country’s administration:
with its 547,000 square kilometres and 60 million
federal, Länder (states or countries) and local
inhabitants. Seven million citizens do not have their
(municipal). Each state has its own government
origin in Germany, giving the country an
and parliament—a system that ensures and
extraordinary cultural and ethnic variety.
promotes independence and self-governance.
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A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE
Flags flutter in front of Frankfurt’s soaring trade fair tower. Frankfurt is world renowned as the home of international trade fairs.
Within the framework of the federal law, the states
reliable and hardworking. A ‘Made in Germany’
can make their own decisions.
label is highly regarded in other countries, and people all over the world respect the quality and
A nation with its focus on the world
precision of German-made cars, electronics and
The German economy is the third-biggest in the
machinery. In recent years export and investment have
world after the United States and Japan. German
been especially buoyant in the Asia-Pacific market.
companies have a firmly international focus and are among the world’s largest and most technologically
But the German economy faced difficult times
advanced producers and exporters of iron, steel,
after reunification in 1990. Growth has been slow,
coal, cement, machinery, vehicles, machine tools,
partly owing to the fact that the new eastern states
electronics, chemicals, shipbuilding, food and
have continued to need assistance to upgrade
beverages, and textiles. The country has great diversity
infrastructure and develop economically.
in many areas and its people are known as ambitious,
Unemployment has grown to more than five million
013
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The modern campus of the Technical University in Munich, one of the world’s leading universities.
(12 per cent) since the early 1990s. After its
great potential to increase German investment in
election in 2002 the Social Democratic government
and exports to Australia.
drafted a reform package, Agenda 2010, to relax bureaucracy and modernise the economy, the
International companies seek prosperity
labour market and the social system, as well as
Germany has one of the most deregulated
to encourage new business ventures. The aim was
economies in Europe, resulting in more than
to find new ways of providing for old-age pensions
22,000 foreign companies—with more than
and public health. It introduced one-euro jobs
2.7 million employees—investing in the country.
(a small wage incentive on top of unemployment
The United States, the Netherlands, Switzerland
benefits) to reintroduce unemployed people into
and Japan are the biggest foreign investors.
the workforce. Agenda 2010 was a point of
Adam Opel, Ford, ESSO, Philip Morris, Hewlett-
controversy between the major parties.
Packard, General Electric, Unilever and Coca-Cola
Nevertheless, every future government will have
have long-established subsidiaries and investments
to continue to address these issues.
in Germany. Asian investments have recently entered the arena. In 2004 the Chinese investment house
Economists from the Organisation for Economic
D’Long took over the German company Dornier.
Cooperation and Development (OECD) are optimistic about the changes Germany has implemented.
Australian exports of goods and services to Germany
They expect the reforms to strengthen Germany even
have grown 30 per cent in the past 10 years
further and to produce a small economic boom
(1994–2004). Australia’s direct investment in Germany
in future years.
is below A$1 billion ( 604 million) and there is great potential for further expansion. Export and/or
Although Germany’s mainstay is manufacturing,
investment opportunities exist in:
the service sector has caught up. Since the 1970s the federal government and the Länder have promoted
• the automotive industry, including manufacture
growth industries like information technology and
of original equipment, components, light materials,
biotechnology, and Germany is an international leader
after-market components and accessories,
in both. Germany also leads in the use of
alternative fuels technology and equipment, and
renewable energy and environmental protection.
tooling and production equipment, as well as
In the environmental technology sector there is
engineering services
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A LEADING GLOBAL NATION IN EUROPE
Hamburg is Germany’s second-largest city and its principal port. Around 115 million tonnes of goods were shipped from Hamburg in 2004.
• information and communication technologies, including security, software and niche hardware
sector, and eastern Germany has several important clusters in the automotive, life science, chemical and service industries.
• biotechnology, including research and development contracts, research and strategic
Opportunities in knowledge sharing
collaborations, licensing agreements and the
Germany’s professional training and German
export of base products like marine and plant
universities such as the Technische Universität
organisms for pharmaceutical manufacture
München and the Humboldt-Universität in Berlin are renowned worldwide.
• education and training, particularly in information
Germany also has the greatest concentration of
technology, international law, international business
innovative companies in Europe: more than 20 per
and technology
cent of patent applications to the European Patent Office are from Germany.
• fresh produce, including apples, citrus fruits, pears and cherries, and high-quality seafood
More than 20 per cent of patent applications to • wine, mainly red wine. (When Germany’s foreign minister Joschka Fischer visited Austalia in 2005,
the European Patent Office are from Germany.
he commented on the successful Austalian wine industry, which has many friends in Germany.)
Germany is also one of the major world trade fair sites. Fairs include the ITB (Berlin: tourism),
Germany has highly effective small and medium-sized
the CeBIT (Hanover: information technology,
companies. Staedtler (writing equipment) and Hella
telecommunications, software), the IAA
(lights and electronics for cars), for example, are
(Hanover: cars), the Book Fair (Frankfurt) and
typical medium-sized companies. There are regional
the Toy Trade Fair (Nuremberg). Delegations from
centres that are considered to be world-class clusters
three German states—North Rhine-Westphalia,
for information technology, medical technology,
Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria—visited Australia
banks and the media. Bavaria, for example, has
in 2004 and again in 2005 to forge tighter
gathered about 750 manufacturing companies and
relationships and seek cooperative opportunities
40 research institutes in the optical technology
with Australian companies.
015
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Surrounded by the Berlin Wall, which divided the city for 30 years, the triumphal columns of the Brandenburg Gate now symbolise the reunification of Germany. The historic Brandenburg Gate is the trademark of Berlin.
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GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY
Bands of colour surround viewers inside the Light Cocoon, an artwork by André Heller at the RWE (Rhine Westphalian Electricity) Park in the historic city of Essen. RWE is Europe’s biggest energy provider.
GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY The Federal Republic of Germany, like Australia,
Similarly to the Australian states, the German states
is a federation of states. Sixteen states (Länder),
declare laws in the areas of:
each with its own government, traditions and
• cultural affairs
characteristics, form today’s Germany. Although
• education policy
Germany has always been divided into states, it was
• radio and television
only after World War II that the current borders
• municipalities
came into place. The new states—Brandenburg,
• the rights of the police
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-
• the university and college system
Anhalt and Thuringia—did not join the republic until
• how cities, municipalities and districts
3 October 1990: the end of the German Democratic Republic and the start of a reunified Germany.
organise themselves • issues concerning the local environment and landscape, and regional planning
The German states are very independent, especially in their fiscal policies. There is no single budget for
Also as in Australia, there are only a few areas where
the whole of Germany, but a plethora of budgets
the federal government has sole power to legislate:
for federal, state and municipal bodies.
• foreign affairs • military resources
The states are very influential and are able to
• nationality
determine federal policy via the upper house of
• currency
parliament, the Bundesrat. The Bundesrat
• weights and measures
comprises representatives of each state
• post and telecommunications
government—each state has three to six members,
• customs and border protection
depending on its population. The Bundesrat represents the opinions of the states, not the
Both the federal government and the states have
opinion of its single members, and is an effective
power to legislate in the areas of criminal and
instrument for the states to pursue their particular
procedural law, traffic and the housing market.
areas of interest.
In the case of a conflict, the federal law prevails.
017
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A playful statue outside the Print Media Academy in the old university town of Heidelberg. The academy offers a variety of training courses and hosts graphic arts industry events.
Baden-Württemberg has an important global
Baden-Württemberg invests in universities and
market presence—only 0.17 per cent of the world’s
culture as well as in research and development and
population lives here but 1.7 per cent of all
future-oriented technologies such as environmental
international exports stem from Baden-Württemberg.
technology, information and communications
DaimlerChrysler, Porsche, Bosch, SAP, Zeiss and
technology, and biotechnology. Mechanical
Würth are internationally renowned companies,
engineering, car manufacturing, and electrical and
but it is also the small and medium-sized businesses
electronic engineering form a solid foundation for its
that make Baden-Württemberg so attractive to
successful exports. Only California’s Silicon Valley sells
foreign investors.
more corporate software than Baden-Württemberg.
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GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY
The Australian company ANCA Machinery (Precision
The Australian newspaper and magazine publisher
Grinding) chose Baden-Württemberg as the location
John Fairfax Holdings is one example of an
for its German head office.
Australian company that has chosen the capital as its German base.
Bavaria has the fastest-growing economy in Germany. Many Bavarians are self-employed and
The area around Berlin is Brandenburg, famous
almost every second euro in Bavaria is earned on
for its network of scientific research institutes
the world market. Bavaria invests heavily in
and its highly developed infrastructure. The state
innovation and research. It has a highly educated
benefits from its proximity to Eastern Europe and
population and an excellent infrastructure. It is
has a close working relationship with neighbouring
a centre of the ‘new economy’ as well as of
Poland. Its investment conditions are among the
renowned enterprises like Siemens, BMW, Audi,
most favourable in the whole of Europe thanks to
EADS, adidas-salomon and MAN. Bavaria ranks
funding from the federal government and the EU
number one in the insurance sector in Germany
aimed at attracting small and middle-sized
and number two in banking.
companies to the region.
The state is also a leader in tourism, emphasising
Brandenburg is traditionally strong in vehicle
the many ‘soft’ factors that make Bavaria, and
manufacturing, energy and chemicals.
especially the Munich area, attractive to foreign
Other industries, including biotechnology and
investors. More than 1,000 foreign companies—
medical technology, the media, logistics,
mostly from North America and Asia—have
telecommunications and the aerospace industry,
established subsidiaries here.
have recently become established there as well.
The Australian company Oztrak, a leading
Berlin is the gateway between East and West,
provider of integrated systems for mobile data communication and tracking systems, established
a vibrant business centre and rich in culture.
an office in Bavaria in 1998 and is working in collaboration with the German motoring organisation ADAC. Other Australian companies
Bremen, the smallest state, comprises the two
that have established offices here include
cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven. Bremerhaven is
Macquarie Bank, Ansell Healthcare (medical and
an important port, and the state is traditionally
surgical gloves), Sonic Healthcare Limited
strong in shipbuilding. It is also evolving into a
(specialist medical diagnostics) and ResMed
centre for innovative business start-ups and hi-tech
(a manufacturer of respiratory medical devices,
industries. A cluster of aerospace companies has
which markets its anti-snoring products in more
established an aircraft construction site here
than 60 countries).
specialising in aerodynamics and lightweight construction. Bremen also has Europe’s leading
Berlin is the federal capital and is also a state.
centre for research and development in the field of
It is the gateway between East and West, the
manned space travel.
largest city in Germany and one of the most attractive and most cosmopolitan, rich in culture
Hamburg is a very small but very efficient state. It is
and history. Young companies enjoy its creative
Germany’s most international city and one of its most
and innovative atmosphere. Its vigorous business
dynamic economic centres. Traditionally its focus was
climate attracts the media, the information and
manufacturing, but the city has developed into the
communications sector, and transport engineering,
centre of the digital economy. Ten per cent of the
biotechnology and medical technology industries.
500 most powerful German and international
019
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RIGHT: Founded in 1558, the Hamburg Stock Exchange is the oldest of Germany’s eight stock exchanges.
FAR RIGHT: Around 250,000 young people visit the spacecraft-like Universum Science Centre in Bremen each year. It has 250 interactive exhibits featuring the cosmos, the Earth and humankind.
companies have their headquarters in Hamburg,
the highest gross domestic product in Germany
including Airbus, Beiersdorf, Hamburg Süd, Helm,
per head of population.
Olympus, Otto Versand, Panasonic, Tchibo and most of the big German publishing houses. With the EU’s
Frankfurt’s airport is Germany’s and Europe’s
enlargement plans, Hamburg has successfully revived
gateway to the world. The airport handles the
its old bonds with Scandinavia and Eastern Europe.
highest volume of freight transfer in Europe and the second-highest number of travellers.
The Australian company Brambles operates its
The Frankfurt region houses more than 400 banks,
renowned waste management division Cleanaway
the German stock exchange and the European
from Hamburg. Brambles also has business
Central Bank. It hosts international trade fairs like
relationships with Germany in pallet and container
Premiere and Ambiente (both featuring consumer
pooling services, in information management and
goods), the international book fair ACHEMA, and
in tank containers. A yeast and bakery ingredients
the IAA international motor show.
division of Burns, Philp & Company also trades from Hamburg (and Munich) via the Deutsche
International companies including Canon, General
Hefewerke GmbH.
Motors, ITT, Pepsi-Cola, Honeywell, Motorola and Proctor & Gamble have chosen to locate their
Frankfurt’s airport is Germany’s and Europe’s
German headquarters in Frankfurt.
gateway to the world. The airport handles the
Invest Australia, Austrade (Australian Trade
highest volume of freight transfer in Europe and the second-highest number of travellers.
Commission) and the Victorian Government Business Office have their bases in Frankfurt. WESTPAC Banking Corporation, the Australia and New Zealand Banking Group, the National Australia Bank, Qantas Airlines and Gavin Anderson &
Hessen combines expertise in financial services
Company (corporate affairs and financial relations
and hi-tech industries with its traditional image
consultants) also operate from Germany’s financial
of apple wine and conviviality. Almost a quarter
hub. Other Australian companies based in Hessen
of all foreign direct investment in Germany is
include SGE International (a manufacturer of
concentrated here. For years Hessen has generated
syringes), Unidata (research and development),
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GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY
The Intercity Express 3 at Frankfurt’s airport station. The ICE trains, which link German cities with other European destinations, can reach speeds of 280 kilometres per hour.
Tyko Environmental Services, Stallion Technologies
is another strong industry. Owing to its highly
(a developer of Unix and NT software and hardware)
modernised telecommunications infrastructure,
and Leiner Davis Gelatin.
the state is also very attractive to high technology, biotechnology and medical technology companies.
Lower Saxony became famous as the host of EXPO in 2000. Agriculture and car manufacturing
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is famous
(Volkswagen) are the cornerstones of its economy,
for its shipyards, which offer hi-tech but low-cost
but e-business, biotechnology and high technology
production facilities in marine engineering.
are growing rapidly. It has also developed into a
It recently modernised its Baltic seaports, creating
centre for international freight transportation.
immense opportunities in the transport and
Scientific institutes and universities work closely
logistics industries. Its location is ideal for trade
with partners from the business world, and the
with northern and eastern Europe, as well as with
government assists by creating helpful networks.
nearby Hamburg and Berlin.
The state’s expertise in knowledge transfer has
The Macquarie Infrastructure Group, a private
attracted more than 450 foreign companies to
Australian developer of toll roads, has a controlling
Lower Saxony. The Australian specialist for hearing-
interest in the Warnow River tunnel in Rostock.
aids Cochlear, and the packaging company Amcor, have established their German offices in Hanover.
North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has the largest
Buderim Ginger sells its ginger products from the
population in Germany and the biggest economic
city of Stelle.
output. It attracts the most foreign investment of any German state and has the strongest research
Hanover is one of the most dynamic trade fair
cluster in Europe. The region is a melting pot for
locations worldwide. The annual computer fair
science, business, industry, the arts and the media,
CeBIT held here is internationally known.
and is an important trade fair location—the world’s biggest food trade fair, ANUGA, is held annually
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania encompasses
in Cologne.
one of Germany’s most beautiful areas of untouched countryside. Tourism and agriculture
The state has a well-developed infrastructure, with
shape this state’s economy, and food processing
international and domestic airports and the river
021
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GERMANY
The Hohenzollern Bridge and cathedral in Cologne. The city hosts many trade fairs and is a noted centre for car and machine manufacture.
Rhine as the main waterway. Düsseldorf and Cologne
health products) have their German subsidiaries in
are the main cornerstones of the German media
Rhineland-Palatinate.
industry. According to a UNESCO report, it has a most vigorous cultural scene, with 350 museums,
The Saarland is one of the smallest German states
more than 100 stages, 400 theatre groups and
but is located in a very important position, at the
60 orchestras. More than 1,300 authors live in
border with France and Luxembourg. This region
North Rhine-Westphalia.
has always been an important link between countries in Europe. Its research institutes employ
Australian mining and mineral processing company
more than 1,000 scientists who cooperate closely
M.I.M. Holdings, and Moldflow, a supplier of software
with industry. Investors have direct access to key
solutions for the design and manufacture of injection-
people in politics and administration, because
moulded plastic parts, are based in this state.
Saarland has no provincial districts and fewer bureaucratic processes than other German states.
Rhineland-Palatinate is Germany’s bohemian
A special organisation, the gwSaar (Saarland
state, renowned for its wine, jewellery and glass
Economic Promotion Corporation), provides
industries. It is also the leading state in the chemical
information, consulting services and assistance
and plastics industries. BASF in Ludwigshafen
to foreign companies. Among Saarland’s key
is Europe's largest chemical factory. Other
industries are the steel and automotive industry
internationally known companies in Rhineland-
and a steadily growing biotechnology industry.
Palatinate include the pharmaceutical company Boehringer, construction company SGE Deutsche
German industrialisation began in Saxony.
Holding and Europe's largest television network,
The Saxon city of Chemnitz played a similar role in
ZDF (Channel Two). Rhineland-Palatinate is a leading
German industry to that of Manchester in England.
supplier of automobile components. The state
Saxon inventions include artificial rubber, porcelain,
exports about 40 per cent of its products—the
the first illustrated newspaper, condoms, the
highest export rate of any German state.
harmonica, the reflex camera, tea bags, coffee filters and the first industrially produced computer.
Greencorp Magnetics, an Australian manufacturer
Innovation has again made Saxony a successful
of recording tapes, SDI (dental products) and
state in numerous industries: automobiles,
Nufarm (fertiliser, agricultural chemicals, animal
biotechnology, energy use and microelectronics.
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GERMAN STATES MAINTAIN INDIVIDUALITY
Concertgoers attend a music festival in the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress in Koblenz, a 2,000-year-old town in the state of northern Rhineland-Palatinate.
Saxony’s workers are three times more productive
between these countries, and is a major tourist
than their counterparts in the neighbouring Czech
destination. It has a strong agriculture sector and
Republic or Poland.
its economic mainstays include shipyards and manufacturing. Recently hi-tech and service companies
Saxony-Anhalt is another new state. With
have benefited from its excellent infrastructure and
investments worth approximately
its proximity to Hamburg. One example of Australian
5 billion
(A$8 billion), it heads the list of new states in terms
investment in this region is cinema group Greater
of foreign investment. Its key industries are
Union’s acquisition of a half-share in the German
chemicals and mechanical engineering. Automotive
cinema company Kieft & Kieft.
supplies and wood-processing industries are also developing, as well as information and
Thuringia is a very innovative state, with more
communications technology, biotechnology and
patent registrations per capita than any other
medical technology. One of Saxony-Anhalt’s
former East German state. Its automotive, solar
advantages is that well-developed business land is
technology and logistics industries are strong
still available at a reasonable price.
players in Germany’s economy. It is perhaps best known, however, for its skill in creating new uses
The Australian company Bishop Engineering began
for, and products from, old materials, especially
a joint venture with Mercedes-Benz here in 1999.
glass, ceramics and textiles—for both industrial
The company manufactures variable geometry
and artistic purposes.
steering components and was attracted by the state’s generous business incentive schemes.
Many companies have had success in the area of
The big names of the region include the
hi-tech solutions and innovative ideas: Jenoptik
pharmaceutical company Bayer, which produces its
supplies hi-tech laser technology; the Institute for
famous Aspirin tablets in Bitterfeld, and the US flat
Technical Ceramics develops new applications for
glass manufacturer Guardian Industries.
ceramics; the Fraunhofer-Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen (IIS) seeks new sound solutions; the
Schleswig-Holstein is Germany’s most northerly
Pumpspeicherwerk Goldisthal is Germany’s largest
state. Bordering the North Sea and the Baltic Sea,
hydroelectric power plant; Greiz produces
it has traditional links to Scandinavia, the Baltic
luminescent textiles; and Carl Zeiss-Meditec is one
countries and Russia, with regular ferries travelling
of the world’s leading medical technology suppliers.
023
182
USEFUL CONTACTS
USEFUL CONTACTS IN GERMANY Australian Embassy Germany Wallstrasse 76-79 10179 Berlin Tel: +49 30 880088 0 Fax: +49 30 880088 210 www.australian-embassy.de Austrade (Handelsvertretung) Grüneburgweg 58-62 60322 Frankfurt Tel: +49 69 90558 0 Fax: +49 69 90558 109 Email: info@austrade.gov.au www.austrade.gov.au
TOURISM South Australian Tourism Commission c/o The Magnum Group Sonnenstrasse 9 80331 München Tel: +49 089 23662 137 Fax: +49 089 23662 199 www.visit-southaustralia.com.au Tourism Australia Neue Mainzer Strasse 22 60311 Frankfurt Tel: +49 069 2740 060 Fax: +49 069 27400 640 www.australia.com
Invest Australia Australian Consulate General Grüneburgweg 58-62 60322 Frankfurt Tel: +49 69 90558 20 Fax: +49 69 90558 209 Email: frankfurt@investaustralia.gov.au www.investaustralia.gov.au
Tourism Queensland c/o The Mangum Group Sonnenstrasse 9 80331 München Tel: +49 089 23177 177 Fax: +49 089 26035 30 www.queensland.de
Invest in Germany Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse 2 D-10178 Berlin Tel: +49 30 20657 100 Fax: +49 30 20657 111 www.invest-in-germany.com
Tourism Western Australia Sonnenstrassse 9 80331 München Tel: + 49 089 23662 1811 Fax: +49 089 23662 199 www.westernaustralia.com
OAV—German Asia-Pacific Business Association Bleickenbrücke 9 D-20354 Hamburg Tel: +49 43 357 559 0 Fax: +49 40 357 559 25 www.oav.de
Tourism Victoria Neue Mainzer Strasse 22 60311 Frankfurt Tel: +49 069 27400 677 Fax: +49 069 27400 640 www.tourismvictoria.com.au
State of Victoria, European Office Grüneburgweg 58-62 60322 Frankfurt Tel: +49 69 6680 74 0 Fax +49 69 6680 74 66 Email: frankfurt@iird.vic.gov.au www.vic.gov.au
USEFUL CONTACTS
IN AUSTRALIA Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany 119 Empire Circuit Yarralumla ACT 2600 Tel: +61 2 6270 1911 Fax: +61 2 6270 1951 Email: info1@germanembassy.org.au www.germanembassy.org.au
Lufthansa German Airlines Level 2, 143 Macquarie Street Sydney NSW 2000 Tel: +61 1300 655 727 Fax: +61 2 9367 3896 www.lufthansa-australia.com
Consulate General of the Republic of Germany, Melbourne 480 Punt Road South Yarra Vic 3141 Tel: +61 2 9864 6888 Fax: +61 2 9820 2414 Email: meldiplo@bigpond.net.au
German National Tourist Office GPO Box 1461 Sydney NSW 2001 Tel: +61 2 8296 0488 Fax: +61 2 8296 0487 Email: gnto@germany.org.au www.germany-tourism.de
Consulate General of the Republic of Germany, Sydney 13 Trelawney Street Woollahra NSW 2025 Tel: +61 2 9328 7733 Fax: +61 2 9327 9649 Email: info@sydney.diplo.de www.sydney.diplo.de Australian German Association Inc Level 19, 535 Bourke Street Melbourne Vic 3000a Tel: +61 3 9242 4744 Fax: +61 3 9242 4778 www.aga.org.au The German Australian Chamber of Industry and Commerce Level 10, 39–41 York St Sydney NSW 2000 Tel: +61 2 8296 0400 Fax: +61 2 8296 0411 Email: info@germany.org.au www.germany.org.au
TOURISM
CULTURAL ACTIVITIES Goethe-Institut Melbourne 448 St Kilda Road Melbourne, Vic. 3004 Tel: +61 3 9864 8999 Fax: +61 3 98648988 Email: info@melbourne.goethe.org www.goethe.de/melboune Goethe-Institut Sydney 90 Ocean Street Woollahra, NSW 2025 Tel: +61 2 8356 8333 Fax: +61 2 8356 8314 info@sydney.goethe.org www.goethe.de/sydney
GENERAL INFORMATION Deutschland.de The Federal Republic of Germany’s official and independent website has many links to useful German information on the Internet. www.deutschland.de
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INDEX
INDEX aerospace industry, 19, 140 Agenda 2010 (Germany), 14 agriculture Australia, 36, 40, 41, 52, 68–9, 92, 136 Germany, 21, 23, 36, 105 Airbus A380, 34, 100 airlines, 34 airports, 20, 21, 100 AJ Parker Cooperative Research Centre (Australia), 70 Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany), 149, 153 Asia-Pacific, 13, 34, 38, 81 Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), 35 astronomy and astrophysics, 50, 56 AusLink transport plan, 99 AussieSport-Program, 163 AustCancer, 69 Austrade (Australian Trade Commission), 20 Australia, 34–45 culture, 150–3 German companies in, 36, 39–40, 42, 59, 81–2, 83, 94, 103, 124, 125, 132, 139 immigration, 35, 40, 136, 140, 150 inventions, 50–1, 123 native title claims, 111 trading partners, 34, 35–6, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 90, 123 Australia Council, 153 Australian Antarctic Division, 53 Australian Capital Territory, 44 Australian Competition and Consumer commission (ACCC), 106 Australian–German Joint Research Cooperation Scheme, 58 Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), 53, 75 Australian Institute of Sport, 163 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), 50, 53 Australian Prudential Regulation Authority, 79, 82 Australian Stock Exchange, 80, 82 Australian Water Fund, 95 Australian Wind Energy Association (AusWEA), 90 Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation, 133 Australian Wine Research Institute, 70 automotive industries, 122–8 Australia, 40, 42, 122–5 Germany, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 36, 54, 56, 104–5, 122, 125–8
Automotive Competitiveness and Investment Scheme (Australia), 122 aviation industry, 19, 34, 50
Backing Australia’s Ability, 51, 70 Baden-Württemberg, 18–19 banking and financial services, 79–83 Australia, 38, 39, 79, 80–1, 101, 125, 126 Germany, 15, 19, 20, 79–80 Baulderstone Hornibrook, 39 Bavaria, 15, 19 Bayer, 71 Berlin, 19 Biota, 69 biotechnology, 15, 68–71, 73–4 Australia, 50, 51, 69–71 Germany, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 79–80 Bishop Engineering, 23, 128 Blohm + Vos, 59 Bosch, 59, 124 Brambles, 120 Brandenburg, 19 Bremen, 19, 20 Bug Design, 137 Burns, Philp & Company, 20 Business Council of Australia, 97, 107
car industry see automotive industries Casella Wines, 135 CEA-Saab, 59 ceramics in Germany, 22, 23 chemical industries in Germany, 15, 19, 22, 36, 54 Clean Up Australia Day, 103 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO, Australia), 51–3, 61, 71 communication technology, 15, 18, 19, 23, 56 competitiveness of Australia, 34, 35, 36, 39 computer software and equipment Australia, 50, 111 Germany, 20, 21 construction industry Australia, 38, 39–40, 97 Germany, 56 see also infrastructure; transport Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs, Australia), 52 cultural attractions, 150–3 Australia, 40–1, 150, 151, 152 Germany, 19, 21, 22, 23, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154–7
Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO, Australia), 153 defence services and equipment, 43, 59 design, 137–40 Australia, 137, 138, 139, 140 Germany, 137, 139–40 see also fashion Deutsche-Australische Netzwerk (DeAN), 149 Deutsche Bank, 80, 81
e-business in Germany, 21 Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), 12 economic reform, 106–8 Australia, 106–7, 122 Germany, 14, 107–8 economy Australia, 34, 36, 79, 80, 81, 82, 89, 106–7, 125, 126 Germany, 12, 13, 14, 79, 97–8, 109, 126, 128 education and training, 146–9 Australia, 38, 107, 146–7 exchange programs, 147–9 Germany, 15, 54, 147 electronics industries in Germany, 13, 19 energy management and production, 89–91 Australia, 52, 88–90, 103, 104, 106 Germany, 14, 19, 22, 23, 50, 90, 91, 103 environmental protection and technology, 102–5, Australia, 52, 102, 103, 128 Germany, 14, 18, 56, 57, 128 Ergoport, 137, 138 euro, introduction of, 12, 106 European Central Bank, 20 European Organisation for Nuclear Research, 57 European Union, 36 Australia and, 36, 59, 135 Germany in, 12, 108 growth of, 12, 36, 155 regulations, 90, 128 exports from Australia, 14, 36, 40, 42, 52, 90, 109–11, 122–3, 131, 134–5, 136 from Germany, 13, 14, 36, 40, 125–6, 132, 134
Faber-Castell, 139 fashion industry, 129–32 Australia, 129, 130, 131–2 Germany, 23, 129–30, 131, 132 film industry Australia, 23, 151 Germany, 23, 152 financial services see banking and financial services food production and processing Australia, 36, 40, 41–2, 136 Germany, 15, 21 see also wine industry foreign investment in Australia, 14, 36, 42, 79, 81–2 in Germany, 12, 14–15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 108 advice and information, 20, 22, 36, 42 Forum for European-Australian Science and Technology (FEAST), 59 Foster’s Group, 134 Fraunhofer Society (Germany), 23, 54, 55, 56, 69 free trade agreements, 35–6, 40 Freudenberg, 132
gas see minerals and mining Geelong Wool Combing, 132 Genetic Centre (Germany), 73 genetic engineering, 68–9 Australia, 50, 70, 71 Germany, 71, 73 German Academic Exchange Service, 153 German Archaeological Institute, 147 German-Australian Cultural Agreement, 153 German-Australian Film Agreement, 153 German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 57 German Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 36 German Chemical Association (DECHEMA), 59 German Design Council, 139 German Designer Forum, 139 German Genome Project, 53 German International School (Sydney), 148 German National Tourist Board, 155–6 German Research Foundation, 147 Germany, 12–23 Australian companies in, 14–15, 19, 20–1, 22, 23 patents and inventions, 22, 57 reunification, 12, 13, 17
INDEX
glass production in Germany, 22, 23 Global Business Policy Council, 108 Global Renewables, 103 Goethe-Institut, 148, 149, 151, 153 government Australia, 38, 44 Germany, 12–13, 17
Hamburg, 19–20 healthcare see medical research and technology health systems, 14, 72–5, 107 Helmholtz Society (Germany), 54, 57 Hessen, 20 hi-tech industry, 50–83 Australia, 35, 125 Germany, 15, 19, 20, 21, 23, 54, 56 see also biotechnology; communications technology; computer software and equipment; energy management and technology; environmental protection and technology; genetic engineering; information technology; medical research and technology; universities and research institutes hydroelectricity, 90, 103
information technology Australia, 50, 111 Germany, 14, 15, 18, 19, 23, 54 see also communications technology infrastructure, 96–101 Australia, 97, 98–100, 101, 107 Germany, 12, 13, 19, 21, 97–8 insurance industry Australia, 38, 79, 82–3 Germany, 19 Invest Australia, 20
koalas, 75 knowledge economy, 50–83 Kyoto Protocol, 38, 104
labour market reform Australia, 106, 107 Germany, 14 laser technology in Germany, 54, 56 legislation and regulation Australia, 79 Germany, 17, 79, 80 Leighton Holdings, 39 logistics Australia, 40, 44 Germany, 19, 21, 23, 40 Low-Emission Technology Fund (Australia), 103 Lower Saxony, 21
Macquarie Infrastructure Group (MIG), 98, 101 manufacturing Australia, 34–5, 36, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45 Germany, 13, 14, 19, 36, 56 Max Planck Society, 54, 56, 57, 73 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 21 media and publishing in Germany, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22 medical research and technology, 69–71 Australia, 51, 52, 59 Germany, 15, 19, 21, 23 Mercedes-Benz, 23, 128 microelectronics, 22, 56 minerals and mining Australia, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 52, 70, 88–9, 90, 109–11 Germany, 13, 111 Minerals Council of Australia, 97, 109
nanotechnology, 54, 71 National Water Commission (Australia), 93 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), 12 natural resources in Australia, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 see also energy; minerals and mining; water New South Wales, 38–40, 69, 74, 99, 109, 110, 160 Northern Territory, 44–5, 99 North Rhine-Westphalia, 21–2
oil see minerals and mining Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on Australia, 106, 107, 146, 147 on Germany, 14 Orlando Wyndham, 134 Oztrack, 19
Pernod Ricard, 134 pharmaceutical industry, 68, 72–5 Australia, 69, 73–4, 75 Germany, 22, 23, 36, 72–3, 74 plastics industry in Germany, 22 pollution control Australia, 103–4 Germany, 94, 95, 104–5 see also environmental management population Australia, 42, 44 Germany, 12, 13, 21 ports Australia, 44, 96, 99, 110 Germany, 13, 15
privatisation of public enterprises Australia, 89, 100, 106 Germany, 80, 108 productivity Australia, 34 Germany, 23 public private partnership (PPP) Australia, 21, 101, 107 Germany, 21, 98, 107–8
QBE, 83 Queensland, 40, 70, 99, 109, 123, 159
research and development, 50–9, 68–71, 72–5 Australia, 50–3, 123, 124–5 Germany, 15, 22, 23, 124–5 see also universities and research institutes Reserve Bank (Australia), 79, 97, 106 ResMed, 19 retirement Australia, 80–1 Germany, 14 Rhineland-Palatinate, 22
Saarland, 22 Saxony, 22–3 Saxony-Anhalt, 23 Schenker, 40, 151 Schleswig-Holstein, 23 Science Industry Association (Australia), 70 Scientific and Technological Cooperation agreement, 58 shipbuilding in Germany, 19, 21, 23 Siemens VDO, 124–5 Society for Australian-German Student Exchange (SAGSE), 148 solar technology Australia, 88–9, 90 Germany, 23, 55, 56, 88 South Australia, 40–1, 70, 99, 110–11, 123, 150 Southcorp, 133 sport, 162–3 Australia, 156, 159, 162–3 Germany, 156, 162–3 Staedtler, 139 states and territories Australia, 38–45 Germany (Länder), 12, 14, 17–23, 80 Sydney Futures Exchange, 82
Tasmania, 41–2, 99, 123 textiles, 23, 131–2 Thiess Hochtief Joint Venture, 101 Thuringia, 23
tourism and travel Australia, 40, 41, 44, 149, 158–61 Germany, 19, 21, 23, 149, 154–7, 161 Tourism Australia, 161 Tourism New South Wales, 160 trade agreements, Australian, 35–6, 40, 45 trade fairs, 15, 20, 21, 22, 58, 125 transport and logistics Australia, 44, 99, 100, 107 Germany, 19, 21, 98, 107–8
United Nations, 12 unemployment, Australia, 107 Germany, 13–14, 97, 126, 128 universities and research institutes, 158–9, 168–71 Australia, 51–3, 56 Germany, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23, 54–7, 97 Australian–German cooperation, 58–9, 72–5
VDO Australia, 59 Victoria, 42, 69, 99, 123, 124, 132, 162
waste management Australia, 20, 103 Germany, 20, 103, 105 water management, 92–5 Australia, 52, 92–4, 95 Germany, 93, 94–5 Western Australia, 42, 43, 99, 110 Wilhelm Leibnitz Society (Germany), 54, 57 wind power, 90, 91, 103 see also energy wine production and technology, 133–6 Australia, 36, 40, 41, 50, 133–5 Germany, 23, 134–6 workforce Australia, 34, 81 Germany, 12, 23 Working Group of Industrial Research Organisations (Germany), 57 World Bank, 106
191
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PHOTO CREDITS
PHOTO CREDITS Allianz Insurance p83 AP Photo/Christof Stache p91 Australian Financial Review p34, p37 Andrew Chianci/Australian Antarctic Division, © Commonwealth of Australia p53 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation p50 Australian Stock Exchange p106 Barbara Barkhausen p123 © Baulderstone Hornibrooke p108 BHP Billiton p109, p110 (above right) Bovis Lend Lease p102 Brad Hicks p130, p131 (left) Bayer p68, p69, p75 Broken Hill Regional Tourism Association p33 (inset) Cochlear Institute p51 CSIRO p52 DaimlerChrysler p128 Deutchse Bahn AG/Piekarski/Invest in Germany p99 Deutsche Zentrale für Tourismus (DZT): DZT/Klaus and Dirk Lehnartz p6, p12; DZT/Angelika Francke p11 (inset); DZT/Eric Eichberger p13, p163 (above); DZT/Joachim Messerschmidt p15, p125; DZT/Hans Peter Merten p16, p104, p153 (right); DZT/Ruhrgebiet Tourismus GmbH p17; DZT/Andrew Cowin p18, p82 (right); DZT-Pressebüro p20 (left), p106 (right); DZT/Bremen Touristik Zentrale GmbH (BTZ) p20 (right); DZT/Jim McDonald p21, p22; DZT/Mittelrhein Musikmomente p23; DZT/Norbert Krüger p95; DZT/Dusseldorf Marketing & Tourismus GmbH p132; DZT/Andreas Kaster p134; DZT/Bremen Touristik Zentrale GmbH p145 (inset); DZT/Ruhrgebiet Tourismus GmbH p152; DTZ/Stuttgart Marketing p153 (left); DZT/Andrew Cowin p154 (left); DZT/ Roger Schäfer, Schäfer & Partner p155; DZT/Würzburg Congress Tourismus Wirtschaft p156; DZT/Jochen Keute p157; DZT/Andreas Kaster p165 Enviromission p88, p89 Ergoport Pty Ltd p138 (below) Fraunhofer Society p55 (above and below), p59, p71, p105, p171 korban flaubert pty ltd p138 (above) GM Holden p121 (inset), p122, p123 Group of Eight Universities p56 Hannoverfairs Australia (CeBIT) p58 Image Library Darling Harbour Authority disc p135 Louise Lister p136 (right) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität p74, p149 Malte Wagenfeld p139 MAN Nutzfahzeuge p124 Max Planck Institute p54, p57 National Museum of Australia disc p32
NSW Department of State and Regional Development disc p70, pp80–81, p96, pp100–101, p103, p107, p131 (right) Pacific Hydro Ltd p90 Photodisc p49 (inset), p73, p79, p86, p87 (inset), p98 Photo Essentials, Philip Green, © Canon Information Systems Research Australia 1994-1996 p44, p45, p79, p86, p87, p160 (below) Photolibrary front cover, endpapers, p1, p8, pp10–11, p165 Porsche AG/Invest in Germany p127 Rio Tinto Iron Ore p110 (above left and below right), p111 Siekamp Einrichtungsysteme Pty Ltd, Sydney pp120–121, p137 Steven Blaess p140 Technical University Munich p14, p147 Takashi Morieda p136 (left) Thiess p99 Tourism Australia p38, p39, p41, p42, p43 (above), p133, pp144–145, p158, p159, p160 (above) p161, p162 Tourism Queensland p 40, pp92–93, p94, p163 (below) University of Queensland pp48–49, p72, p146 Volkswagen AG/Invest in Germany p126 Woodside p35, p43 (below)
Sponsor pages All photos supplied by sponsors. Deutsche Bank p84, photos by Rocket Mattler (right), Martin Vanderwal (left).
Endpapers Front: A detail of the soaring roof of the Sydney Opera House. Back: The interior of the Reichstag dome in Berlin.