Australia-India by Manuscript Design

www.focus.com.au

AUSTRALIA – INDIA A DEEPENING ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP

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CONTENTS

CONTENTS FOREWORDS The Hon Kamal Nath Minister of Commerce and Industry, Government of India

The Hon Simon Crean Minister for Trade, Government of Australia

WELCOME Sujatha Singh Indian High Commissioner to Australia

John McCarthy, AO Australian High Commissioner to India

INTRODUCTION

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Peter O’Byrne, Chief Executive Ofﬁcer, Australian Trade Commission

ROLL OF HONOUR

ADVISORY GROUP

CHAPTER ONE: Australia-India Relationship

■ INTERVIEW: Dr Geoff Garrett Chief Executive Ofﬁcer, CSIRO

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER TWO: Australian Business in India

■ INTERVIEW: Chris Hargreaves, President, and ChetanTolia, Managing Director, Tata BlueScope Steel

■ INTERVIEW: Mr GM Rao Chairman, GMR Group

CHAPTER THREE: Cultural Ties

■ INTERVIEW: Gary Ebeyan Chief Executive Ofﬁcer, Infosys Australia

■ INTERVIEW: Dr Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw Chairman and Managing Director, Biocon Ltd

CHAPTER FOUR: Bilateral Business Development ■ INTERVIEW: Mr Anand Mahindra Chairman & Managing Director, Mahindra & Mahindra CHAPTER FIVE: Tourism, Education, Sports and Leisure ■ INTERVIEW: B. Rama Raju Co-founder and CEO, Satyam Computer Services Ltd

BUSINESS DIRECTORY INDEX

120 122

142

147 154

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FOREWORD

FOREWORD The Hon Kamal Nath

USTRALIA-INDIA: A DEEPENING ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP PROVIDES A FASCINATING AND INSIGHTFUL OVERVIEW OF THE RELATIONSHIPS AND PROSPECTS THAT UNITE ONE OF THE WORLD’S FASTEST GROWING ECONOMIES WITH ONE OF ITS MOST RESILIENT FRIENDS.

The historic ties between Australia and India have expanded rapidly in the 21st Century to encompass a wide range of complementing ties; from education to biotechnology, food processing and ICT; from clean coal and mining technology to an expanding range of environmental industries. A genuine two-way exchange in all these areas between our two countries has led to increased prosperity and wealth generation across both nations. They are very strong signs that in the coming years we can expect this partnership to continue to grow, thereby delivering a broad range of tangible beneﬁts to Indians and Australians alike. Australian Minister for Trade Mr Simon Crean’s recent visit to India was a further milestone in the fast growing relationship between India and Australia. I am sure that the book will be a great treasure house of information on India-Australian relations.

The Hon Kamal Nath Minister of Commerce & Industry Government of India

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FOREWORD

FOREWORD The Hon Simon Crean MP

WAS DETERMINED TO VISIT INDIA AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER THE ELECTION OF THE NEW AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT LATE LAST YEAR, TO INDICATE CLEARLY THE HIGH PRIORITY WE ACCORD TO OUR BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP AND, PARTICULARLY, THE ECONOMIC AND TRADE TIES THAT UNDERPIN IT.

So it was with great pleasure that in January 2008 I returned to India – this time as Australia’s Minister for Trade – to engage in broad-ranging consultations with key political and senior business leaders in Mumbai and New Delhi. I also had the honour of inaugurating the new Chancery building in New Delhi – a great symbol of our ongoing friendship and the new dynamism in Australia—India relations. With the Asian Development Bank estimating India’s trend growth rate at 8-8.5 per cent, India’s expanding prosperity is exciting and bodes well for increased trade, including with Australia. Australia’s commercial interaction with India, broader and more intense than ever before, is in harmony with that growth. Australia’s merchandise exports to India were more than $A10 billion in 2006-07, increasing by 37 per cent over the previous year. And Australian companies expressed their faith in the future of the Indian economy by doubling their investments in India in 2006 to over $A2 billion, while Indian investment also increased in Australia. In addition, in the last financial year Australia exported over $A1.7 billion in services to India, mostly in travel and education – in 2007 over 60,000 students from India were enrolled in Australian educational institutions, 63 per cent up on the previous year. The future looks bright. But I am ambitious for the relationship; Australian businesses can do more with India. Australia is well positioned to complement India’s continued growth, including through export of minerals and fuels, energy investments and collaboration in areas of joint interest, such as new mining technologies. Australia has the potential to support India’s mining and energy needs for many years to come and is also a natural partner for India in the services economy, particularly with our financial services, engineering, health, environmental services and education and training. In the retail sector, interest in products such as premium food and wine is steadily increasing. With an estimated 50 per cent of the population under 25 years of age, India’s youthful consumers are keen to sample new things, creating niches for products in fashion, consumer electronics, travel and leisure. And Australian companies with expertise in sporting events are supporting Indian firms in contributing to the New Delhi Commonwealth Games in 2010. To help tap the enormous potential flowing from these growing commercial links, the Australian Government is in the midst of a major promotional program – Utsav Australia (Celebrate Australia) – managed by the Australian Trade Commission. Utsav Australia celebrates the business we have done together, the business we are now doing, and the business we will do together in the future. The road ahead for further developing trade and business ties shows great promise. Australia’s bond with India has never been stronger and I want to work with my Indian counterparts to take it to even higher levels. The Hon Simon Crean MP Minister for Trade Government of Australia

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INDIAN HIGH COMMISSIONER WELCOME

WELCOME Sujatha Singh

E STAND AT PRESENT AT A VERY EXCITING TIME IN INDIA-AUSTRALIA RELATIONS. INDIA, THE WORLD’S LARGEST DEMOCRACY, IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S FASTEST GROWING ECONOMIES. WITH A POPULATION OF OVER ONE BILLION, A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF WHOM ARE SEEKING TO ACCESS SOPHISTICATED WORLDCLASS FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, INNOVATIVE CONSUMER GOODS, HIGH QUALITY FOOD AND WINE, HEALTH SERVICES, BIOTECHNOLOGY, FILM AND ENTERTAINMENTS, INDIA IS A MAJOR DRIVER OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC GROWTH. India has grown to be Australia’s fourth largest export destination; last year Australia’s exports to India grew by 34 per cent and India is Australia’s fastest growing market for it’s service sector exports. India and Australia have strongly complementary economies. India’s expertise in the ICT sector, manufactured goods, gems and jewellery links naturally with Australia’s strengths in the resources and mining sector, agribusiness, construction, education and, more recently, tourism. India and Australia are not countries that are far away from each other, but countries that are in each other’s extended neighbourhood. It is almost a cliché to state, as we have been stating for nearly sixty years now, that India and Australia have several features in common: we are both vibrant democracies, with highly dynamic economies which have seen sustained periods of rapid economic growth in recent years; our countries have free press, an independent judiciary, and multilingual, multi-religious and multi-cultural societies. The signing of a bilateral Trade and Economic Framework in 2006, discussions on a possible Free Trade Agreement between the two countries and the recent high level visits of Trade Minister Simon Crean to India and Special Envoy of Prime Minister Shyam Saran to Perth in January, provide clear indications of the importance that both nations attach to our relationship. Australia-India: A Deepening Economic Partnership is a robust presentation on the dynamics of the relationship between our two countries. I have no doubt that it will make a lasting contribution of the future growth of trade and commerce, cultural understanding and people to people relations.

Sujatha Singh Indian High Commissioner to Australia

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AUSTRALIAN HIGH COMMISSIONER WELCOME

WELCOME John McCarthy, AO

USTRALIA AND INDIA HAVE A STRONG AND GROWING COMMERCIAL, INVESTMENT, TRADE AND SERVICES RELATIONSHIP. INDIA HAS GROWN FASTER THAN ANY OF AUSTRALIA’S TOP 30 EXPORT MARKETS OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS, AT A RATE OF ALMOST 33 PER CENT A YEAR. THIS CLEARLY DEMONSTRATES THE NATURE OF THE TRADING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN US. There can be few better examples of how trading relationships beneﬁt both parties, with Australia’s exports to India of gold, coal, wool, education, construction and infrastructure services being key inputs for Indian export, business and infrastructure requirements. The growing trading relationship is supported by a range of government-to-government agreements, including, for example, the 2006 Trade and Economic Framework Agreement, various MoUs covering defence co-operation, customs, biotechnology and information and communications technology, as well as an air services agreement and the Scientiﬁc Collaboration Fund. More is still to be achieved. There is an increasing number of Governmental visits. The Free Trade Agreement study holds promise for closer economic integration. People-to-people linkages are also growing quickly, through increased business, as well as engagement through academics and students, and the rise in tourist numbers both ways. All these connections will further enhance the bond between the two countries in coming years. Australia-India: A Deepening Economic Partnership provides an in-depth and contemporary overview of this relationship and the opportunities for both nations. I hope it gives impetus to strengthening the relationship further.

John McCarthy, AO Australian High Commissioner to India

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INTRODUCTION

UBLICATION OF AUSTRALIA-INDIA A DEEPENING ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP SEEKS TO PROMOTE AND INCREASE THE BUSINESS LINKS THAT ALREADY CHARACTERISE A VERY SOLID COMMERCIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES.

The publication highlights that, given India’s economic growth and Australia’s ongoing capabilities to contribute to that growth, there is great scope for the commercial ties between Australia and India to become even stronger. India is Australia’s fastest-growing export market. As the scale of the commercial interaction develops, so does the diversity of products and services which Australia is able to deliver. For example, beyond the energy resources Australia supplies to fuel India’s expansion, we are also a welcome source for India’s young consumers of fashion, food and wine, electronics and many leisure activities––film, media, entertainment. Australian Government attention is being paid to encouraging Australian services exports to India, such as education, tourism, finance, insurance, health care and franchising. This compliments expertise and solutions available to Indian businesses in technology, mining, energy, infrastructure, construction, food, agribusiness and ICT. The information in Australia-India a Deepening Economic Partnership complements the current Australian Government marketing and promotional campaign in India, Utsav Australia, accessible via www.utsavaustralia.in I encourage businesses to get involved with Utsav Australia. The campaign offers insights to Indian businesses on Australian capabilities and shows how companies from both countries can benefit from our close economic relationship. The stage is set for Indian and Australian businesses to jointly benefits from a diverse range of opportunities that will arise from the 2010 Commonwealth Games in New Delhi. The Australian Trade Commission (Austrade) continues to build on the close bilateral relationship, offering an extensive network in 10 locations across India, including industry and market specialists committed to growing our deepening economic partnership.

Peter O’Byrne Chief Executive Ofﬁcer Australian Trade Commission

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ROLL OF HONOUR

ROLL OF HONOUR LEAD Australian Trade Commission (Austrade)

MAJOR Deakin University Leighton International Toll (Asia) Pte Ltd

KEY Academies Australasia Group of Colleges Asean Focus Group Australia India Business Council Australian International Hotel School (AIHS) Blue Mountains Hotel School (BMHS) Curtin University of Technology Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research Gloria Jean’s Coffees International Gujarat NRE Minerals Limited ICICI Securities Limited India Resources Limited Infosys Technologies Australia Pty Limited IITB–Monash Research Academy Rio Tinto Diamonds NV Tata BlueScope Steel Limited The Indian Hotels Company Limited (Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces) UTS International, University of Technology, Sydney

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ADVISORY GROUP

ADVISORY GROUP PATRONS

SUPPORTED BY

The Hon Simon Crean, MP Australian Minister for Trade

Mr John McCarthy AO Australian High Commissioner to India

The Hon Kamal Nath Indian Minister for Commerce and Industry

Mrs Sujatha Singh Indian High Commissioner to Australia

ADVISORY GROUP Ms Jaqui Lane Chief Executive Ofﬁcer & Publisher Focus Publishing Interactive

Mr Nabi Saleh Executive Chairman Gloria Jean’s Coffees International

Mr Sudhir Mathur Chairman NASSCOM Australia

Mr Prasad Pradhan Head – Corporate Communications Hindustan Unilever

Dr Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw Chairman & Managing Director Biocon Limited

Mr T. Ramappa Secretary General Bangalore Chamber of Industry and Commerce

Dr Nik Senapati Managing Director Rio Tinto India

Mr Peter Castellas Managing Director Clean Technology AustralAsia

Mr Reg Howard-Smith Chief Executive The Chamber of Minerals and Energy of Western Australia

Mr Peter Wigley Director ContentKeeper Technologies Pty Ltd

Mr. K. Mohanchandran General Manager BLUE Sydney, A Taj Hotel Mr B. Rama Raju Co-Founder & Chief Executive Ofﬁcer Satyam Computer Services Ltd

Prof. Sally Walker Vice Chancellor Deakin University Mr Jan-Willem Adrian Acting Managing Director Oceania Director Commercial, Sales & Marketing ASPAC & EMA DHL Global Mail

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FROM SLEEPING GIANT TO ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE

ABOVE Minister Crean with Mike Moignard, Austrade Senior Trade Commissioner, outside the new Austrade ofﬁce at the Australian High Commission, New Delhi.

MIKE MOIGNARD, AUSTRADE SENIOR TRADE COMMISSIONER TO SOUTH ASIA, SHARES INSIGHTS INTO INDIA’S DYNAMIC GROWTH

NDIA AND AUSTRALIA HAVE BEEN DOING BUSINESS FOR AS LONG AS THEY HAVE BEEN PLAYING CRICKET TOGETHER. THIS RELATIONSHIP CONTINUES TO GO FROM STRENGTH TO STRENGTH, ITS GROWTH MOST NOTICEABLE OVER THE PAST DECADE, DURING WHICH INDIA HAS EMERGED AS AN ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE. The sleeping giant stirred at the dawn of the 1990s after a prolonged period of relative economic isolation following independence in 1947. A new era of growth opened with massive deregulation of India’s market, including elimination of complex licensing rules and many public monopolies, and relaxation of foreign direct investment guidelines. Growth in the nation’s consumer market gathered pace, giving rise to increased consumer demand. With it came an unequalled engagement between India and the global economy. India was on its way to becoming the world’s second fastest growing economy. Growing afﬂuence within a large sector of the population was giving rise to a vast new middle class of young, upwardly mobile consumers, aspiring to a range of goods and services that Australia was very good at supplying. Today, the once sleeping giant is moving ahead in leaps and

bounds. The Asian Development Bank estimates India’s annual growth rate trending at 8 to 8.5 per cent. Today, that new middle class is over 200 million-strong. A staggering half of the Indian population is under 25, with 20 million more being born each year. This has created niches for Australian exports to India of fashion, consumer electronics, travel and leisure. Australian companies with expertise in sporting events are supporting Indian firms in contributing to the New Delhi Commonwealth Games in 2010. Total trade between Australia and India has been growing by more than 30 per cent a year. Around 2000 Australian businesses export to India, delivering $A10 billion in export revenue in 2006-07 – a 37 per cent increase on the previous year. Australian companies also doubled their investments in India during 2006 to more than $A2 billion in key areas, including IT and resources. Last financial year, Australia exported over $A1.7 billion in services to India, mostly in travel and education. In 2007, over 60,000 students from India were enrolled in Australian educational institutions, 63 per cent more than in 2006. Australia is well positioned to complement India’s continued growth by providing financial services, retail, health

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care, franchises and helping to expand the country’s aviation, railways, roads and supply of building materials. The power requirements of the Indian economy are also being met with increased exports of Australian minerals and fuels, energy investments and collaboration in areas of joint interest, such as new mining technologies. [Austrade’s Senior Trade Commissioner to South Asia, Mr Mike Moignard, will be replaced by Mr Peter Linford on 1 July 2008. Mr Linford can be contacted at peter.linford@austrade.gov.au]

INFRASTRUCTURE – THE KEY TO GROWTH Infrastructure investment has become a high priority for India as current resources are starting to strain under the nation’s rapid economic growth. Not only is the nation already facing a 13.8 per cent shortfall in peak period energy supplies, most ports and airports are operating at capacity, and infrastructure bottlenecks in the logistics sector alone are said to be costing the nation an additional 1 to 2 per cent in potential GDP growth annually. To maintain its enviable 8 to 9 per cent annual economic growth rate, the Government of India has taken a close look at the foundations that support industrial expansion and ﬂagged a number of anticipated problem areas, including the following: • Port capacity (will need to double in the next ﬁve years)

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•

Highways (will require an investment of $US50 billion over the next five years) • Energy (demand is estimated to rise by 50 per cent to 1097 billion KWh by 2012). These and a host of other areas are presenting significant opportunities for foreign investment. In addition, the mining, oil and gas sectors are expected to experience similar rates of growth as increases in personal consumption of most goods by Indians inflate demand for these basic resources. To provide the power and infrastructure the world’s second-fastest growing economy will need to realise its full potential, an estimated US$475 billion will need to be spent on infrastructure improvements over the next five years. This presents significant opportunities for Australian investors and infrastructure development companies.

RISING DEMAND FOR FINANCIAL PRODUCTS Rising income levels in both rural and urban households throughout India is fuelling a robust increase in demand for ﬁnancial products nationwide. Australia’s ﬁnancial services sector is rated as being among the most mature and sophisticated in the world. This puts it in a unique position to extend its activities into the Indian market. An overview of its various market sectors reveals a number of attractive opportunities in the medium term.

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BANKING AND FINANCE There is tremendous growth in financial services, with leading players aggressively targeting semi-urban and rural areas. The potential for agri-financing is significant due to the increased focus on financial inclusion and promotion of agriculture. New products such as “no frills banking” and special credit cards designed for rural population segments are also emerging, along with a range of customer-oriented services. The Reserve Bank of India is currently reviewing the rules governing overseas entry to Indian financial markets and is likely to approve fully-fledged market access in or around May 2009. The small and medium enterprise sector also is enjoying strong growth thanks to the increased attention it is receiving from banks attracted by the potential profits their services can earn.

INSURANCE Opened for private participation in 1999, insurance in India has started to offer a larger number of products and better service levels for customers. Due to its low level of market penetration and rising per-capita spending, there is tremendous scope for growth in the insurance sector.

CAPITAL MARKETS India’s phenomenal growth story has led to significant capital inflows, resulting in a stellar performance by the equity market and significant increases in investor participation.

LEFT India’s port capacity must double in ﬁve years. RIGHT Interest to invest in both Australia and India continues to grow. The sectors that have beneﬁted most from this strong growth include asset management, wealth management, investment banking and broking services.

ANCILLARY OPPORTUNITIES The steadily accelerating growth of India’s financial services sector presents significant opportunity for growth in a range of support and ancillary services such as information technology, IT-enabled services training, third-party services and back-office operations. As the Australian financial services sector is generally regarded as among the most mature and sophisticated of its kind in the world, the opportunities for Australian financial services companies in India are significant indeed.

MINING INDIA’S POTENTIAL India anticipates a shortfall in coal production of 70 to 100 megatons by 2012. A similar situation exists in iron ore production. To maintain annual GDP growth of around 8 per cent, India has to dramatically modernise its mining sector. Australia has demonstrated its ability to provide the technology, management systems and mining software necessary to do so.

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Australian mining technology has been developed in one of the most difficult and challenging environments in the world. As a result, it can offer solutions to almost any conceivable problem or difficulty the Indian mining sector may encounter. Australian mining technology is regarded as leading edge and its systems are exported all over the world. A prime example is Australia’s successful history in the Indonesian market where it has been operating since the 1970s. By the 1990s Australia was the leading provider of mining technology services to Indonesia, another resource-rich Asian country that faced problems not dissimilar to those India is facing today. One of the key areas for the modernisation of India’s mining industry is the development of coal washeries. Coal India Ltd (CIL) currently has a total washing capacity of 20.10 million tonnes per annum for coking coal and 20.20 million tonnes per annum for non-coking coal. Based on their washing needs, the existing additional washing capacity required is around 110 million tonnes per annum. Also, all new CIL mines with capacity of 2.5 million tonnes and above will require washeries. There has been growing acceptance of the necessity of what is generally referred to as the “washery boom” – not only in terms of environmental issues, but also for economic reasons as transportation of unwashed coal over long distances makes it highly unprofitable.

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Another opportunity for Australian companies is in underground mines technology. India is starting to move to large, modern underground mines as surface coal and minerals are exhausted and longwall systems begin to replace board and pillar mining. As the world’s leading provider of mining equipment, technology, software and mining management systems, Australia is well placed to partner India in the modernisation of its mining sector.

FOOD AND BEVERAGE A MARKET OF 1 BILLION CONSUMERS As the world’s second biggest producer of agricultural products, India is largely self-sufﬁcient. However, only about two per cent of its total edible agricultural output is processed to provide added commercial value. India’s dairy industry, for instance, is the largest producer in the world, yet consumption tends to be concentrated around liquid milk. Although rising incomes, changing lifestyles and increased urbanisation are creating opportunities for considerable expansion into valueadded areas such as processed cheese, butter, ice cream, beverages and other dairy products, these categories remain largely unexploited. Similarly, as the world’s second-largest producer of fruit and vegetables, India’s enormous potential for creating diversiﬁed products currently is not being realised. Although

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consumer demand for processed fruit and vegetable products has risen dramatically, gaps in the cold chain, logistics management and wastage due to poor harvests severely restrict the full economic potential. While food retailing is still in its infancy (less than 1 per cent of food and beverage items are purchased through modern retail outlets such as supermarkets), annual sales growth in the sector is estimated to be about 30 per cent, opening up signiﬁcant opportunities for Australian companies to share in the huge potential of this emerging market. Although Australia’s exports to India of grocery-style products are low, Indian importers and retailers are impressed by the quality of product and believe they have a good trading future. A considerable number of Australian food manufacturers and agricultural suppliers have already established trade links and are reaping the beneﬁts of India’s gigantic market: • Margaret River’s Thompson Estate Wines has succeeded in placing its super premium whites and reds on the wine lists of luxury hotels. The growing wealth of people has seen more consumers with a very sophisticated palate willing to pay premium prices. • Technico is an agri-biotechnology company that has successfully established itself in India, providing technology which enables rapid multiplication of seed potatoes from tissue-cultured plants, thus

LEFT Austrade–CII Mining Mission members at the Mt. Owen coal mine in the Hunter Valley, September 2007. RIGHT The consumption patterns of India’s middle class are becoming increasingly similar to Australia’s.

signiﬁcantly reducing the number of years it takes to produce commercial quantities of quality potatoes. • Australian company Beech Ovens is exporting tandoor ovens to India – the oven’s country of origin. • Cookie Man is taking advantage of India’s booming consumerism via a network of franchises in major cities. • The Chilli Factory is selling sauces, pastes, jams and salsa made in New South Wales, at Mumbai’s largest up-market department store, HyperCity. With a rapidly growing modern retail sector, consisting mainly of supermarkets and hypermarkets, growth is estimated to be more than 17 per cent a year during the next decade – with food retailing predicted to grow between 6 and 7 per cent a year. As one of the world’s largest producers and consumers of food, with an increasingly wealthy middle class that is readily embracing international trends, India is opening many windows of opportunity for Australia’s food industry. ❑

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CHAPTER ONE: AUSTRALIA – INDIA RELATIONSHIP

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CHAPTER ONE: AUSTRALIA – INDIA RELATIONSHIP

CHAPTER ONE

AUSTRALIA-INDIA RELATIONSHIP

USTRALIA AND INDIA HAVE A STRONG RELATIONSHIP THAT DATES BACK TO THE EARLY 1800S, WHEN AUSTRALIA SENT ITS FIRST EXPORT, COAL, TO INDIA. TODAY THAT RELATIONSHIP HAS BROADENED, WITH THE COUNTRIES ENJOYING AN INCREASING LEVEL OF INTERACTION IN BUSINESS, EDUCATION, CULTURE, TRADE AND SPORT.

AUSTRALIA AT A GLANCE The continent of Australia covers more than 7.6 million square kilometres – an area approximately the same size as the United States. Aborigines were the first inhabitants of Australia, and migrated there from South East Asia some 40,000 years ago. European explorers first sighted Australia in the 17th century, and the Dutch landed on the Gulf of Carpentaria in 1606. The British followed them to the Gulf in 1688, but did not claim possession of the country until Captain James Cook arrived in Botany Bay, just south of present-day Sydney, in 1770. A British penal colony was established at Port Jackson (the original name for Sydney) in 1788 when the first of a long line of English convicts arrived with the First Fleet. It is estimated that more than 160,000 convicts had been transported to Australia by the time the transportation program ended in 1839. Over the next century, free settlers and former convicts established six colonies in Australia: New South Wales (established in 1786), Tasmania (1825), Western Australia (1829), South Australia (1834), Victoria (1851) and Queensland (1859). They were to become Australia’s six states when the country was federated into the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. During that time there were many attempts to settle in arid northern Australia, later known as the Northern Territory.

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CHAPTER ONE: AUSTRALIA – INDIA RELATIONSHIP

Today, Australia is a thriving multicultural and economically stable country of approximately 21 million people. English remains the predominant language , and the country is still a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Australia is rich in natural resources, including coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas and petroleum. The country enjoys an enviable international reputation; it has a buoyant export market and a thriving tourism industry. In 2006-07, Australia’s exports hit an all-time high of $A210 billion – a rise of 16 per cent on the previous year. This ﬁgure is expected to grow even bigger in the coming years. The country’s top ﬁve exports of goods and services during that period included coal ($A23.3 billion), iron ore ($A14.4 billion), personal travel excluding education ($A11 billion), education services ($A10.7 billion) and gold ($A10.6 billion). Australia’s major trading partners include Japan, China, the United States, the Republic of Korea, the United Kingdom and New Zealand.

Each state of Australia has a particular area of specialty when it comes to exports. The top four exports in each state and territory during 2006-07 were: • • • • • • • •

New South Wales – coal, education, tourism and aluminium Victoria – education, dairy products, tourism and passenger motor vehicles Queensland – coal, beef, tourism and education South Australia – wine, copper, passenger motor vehicles and education Western Australia – iron ore, gold, crude petroleum and natural gas Tasmania – zinc, aluminium, wood chips and copper ores Australian Capital Territory – government services, education, tourism and business travel Northern Territory – natural gas, crude petroleum, zinc and manganese ores, and tourism.

INDIA AT A GLANCE One of the many growing sectors of bilateral trade is education. India is one of Australia’s most important educational export markets.

The Republic of India covers more than 3.2 million square kilometres, and occupies most of the subcontinent of India in Southern Asia. Neighbouring countries include China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north, Burma and Bangladesh to the east, and Pakistan and Afghanistan to the west.

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CHAPTER ONE: AUSTRALIA – INDIA RELATIONSHIP

There are three main regions of India: • • •

the Himalayan region in the country’s north, which is home to some of the world’s highest mountains the Gangetic region in the centre the Peninsular region in the south.

India has nine major river systems. Three start in the Himalayas – the Ganges, the Indus and the Brahmaputra. The peninsular river systems are the Narmada, the Tapi, the Godavari, the Krishna, the Kaveri and the Mahanadi. More than 1.129 billion people live in India – a massive population considering that the country is only about one third the size of Australia.

FOSTERING A TRADING PARTNERSHIP A little more than two centuries since it made its ﬁrst export as a ﬂedgling nation, Australia remains a resource-rich country with a clean-and-green environmental image, a thriving

Despite having approximately one third of the land area of Australia (population 21 million), India is home to a steadily growing population of over 1.129 billion.

economy, a burgeoning information and communications technology sector, and established agribusiness, infrastructure, energy and mining, services, health and biotechnology, entertainment, automotive and advanced manufacturing industries. Despite its relatively small population, Australia has established itself as a world leader in many ﬁelds. Formal trade relations between India and Australia can be traced back to the signing of a trade agreement in 1976. The agreement was designed to facilitate, diversify and strengthen trade ties between the two countries. A Joint Ministerial Commission (JMC) and a Joint Business Council (JBC) were established to ensure regular discussions on bilateral trade developments. These groups aim to

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CHAPTER ONE: AUSTRALIA – INDIA RELATIONSHIP

Australia’s goods and services exports to India topped $A10.3 billion in 2006-07, an increase of 25.9 per cent on the previous year.

accelerate the very strong increase in India–Australia trade recorded in 2006-2007. India’s economic performance following independence in 1947 has been enhanced by two waves of internal economic reform, the first during the 1980s and the second in the 1990s. The 1980s reforms aimed to address export barriers as well as industrial regulation and taxation. But it was not until the 1990s that the country commenced a serious reform process that delivered real results. The reforms came hot on the heels of the collapse of the Soviet Union, which was then one of India’s major trading partners, and the beginning of the first Gulf War. In 1991, with declining foreign reserves, the Indian Government approached the International Monetary Fund for financial support. This was granted on the condition that India

developed and implemented signiﬁcant and wide-ranging economic and commercial reforms. So the government looked to rebuild the country’s economy on the foundations of macro-economic stabilisation, liberalisation of the domestic economy and the opening of doors to the international economy. One of the most signiﬁcant changes for export partners like Australia was the progressive reduction of tariff barriers, which had been among the highest in the world. India’s maximum tariff was cut from 150 per cent in 1991-92, to just over 30 per cent a decade later. It also saw the average import-weighted tariff drop from 72 per cent to 39 per cent during the same period. India’s strong commitment to reform started to show results within a few years, and as the world entered a new millennium, the country was turning the corner. Growth has continued, but it has not been all smooth sailing throughout the current decade. On Boxing Day 2004, an earthquake in the Indian Ocean generated a powerful and deadly tsunami that ripped through twelve Asian countries, including India. An estimated 225,000

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India’s middle class has surpassed 300 million and is growing steadily. It is hardly surprising the country is of increasing importance to Australia.

A key driver of India’s growth is its large population, particularly the young. By 2025 the median age of the population is expected to be 31.

people perished in the tragedy, including almost 11,000 in India. Twenty-six Australians were also among the dead. India was hard hit again the following July and August, when monsoon rains caused devastating landslides and ﬂoods that killed about 900 people in Mumbai and the surrounding regions. Just months later, on 8 October 2005, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.6 hit the border region of Kashmir, killing more than 81,000 people and leaving 2.5 million homeless. India suffered an estimated 1,300 casualties. Still reeling from the string of natural disasters, India fell prey to suspected Islamic terrorists in 2005. On 11 July, during the evening rush hour in Mumbai, more than 200 people died and hundreds more were wounded when a series of bombs exploded on commuter trains. It has not been an easy road to recovery, but the resilience

and determination of the Indian people has seen the country rise to its feet with its head held high. In 2007, India marked sixty years of independence, and it has plenty to celebrate. Today India is one of the world’s largest economies. Its spectacular economic progress during the past decade has attracted steadily increasing global interest. During the past four years, India’s annual growth has averaged about 8.6 per cent, the highest rate since independence. A key driver of this growth is India’s large population, particularly its young people. With a median age of about 24 years and more than 500 million Indians aged below 21, a large percentage of the country’s population is expected to be working well into the future. It is estimated that by 2025 the median age of the population will be 31. This is expected to drive India’s meteoric growth even further, making it the world’s ﬁfth largest consumer market by 2025. India’s middle class has surpassed 300 million people and is growing steadily. The country has also developed one of the key information and communication technology (ICT) industries in the world. It is hardly surprising that India has become a country of increasing importance to Australia. The two countries’ economic relationship has grown steadily in recent years, and has the potential for even further development as India’s economy gathers momentum. Bilateral trade of goods and services between India and Australia has been steadily increasing, reaching a record high of $A12 billion in 2006-07. This rise reﬂects the strength of both markets and the sustainability of growth.

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The signing of a bilateral Trade and Economic Framework Agreement in 2006 provided a basis for greater cooperation in a range of sectors, notably mining and ICT.

It also points to even greater growth in the years to come. Australia’s goods and services exports to India topped $A10.3 billion in 2006-07, an increase of 25.9 per cent on the previous year. India accounted for just below 5 per cent of the country’s total merchandise exports during that year. The result made India Australia’s seventh largest merchandise export market, behind Japan, China, the United States, the Republic of Korea, the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Non-monetary gold has been the leader in total exports from Australia to India, worth an estimated $A3.6 billion in 2006-07. This was followed by coal ($A2.6 billion) copper ores ($A1 billion) and education (more than $A1 billion). Both Australia and India share similar commitments to direct foreign investment in each other. Both have about $A1 billion

invested in a range of activities and projects. Australia’s involvement extends to about 140 joint ventures across the manufacturing, telecommunications, tourism, food processing and automotive sectors. In India, Australia is ranked as the country’s ninth most important destination for international investment. A large portion of India’s current Australian investment portfolio is committed to the world’s largest ammonia plant. India has invested $A630 million in the plant, located in Western Australia.

STRENGTHENING TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS With strong foundations and plenty in common, the trade and economic relationship between Australia and India is expected to strengthen even further following the signing of a bilateral Trade and Economic Framework Agreement. The agreement was signed in March 2006, during a visit to India by the Australian prime minister.

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During the past four years, India’s annual growth has averaged about 8.6 per cent, the highest rate recorded since independence.

The TEFA introduces a framework for greater strategic cooperation and dialogue across a range of sectors, including energy and mining, infrastructure development, agriculture, information and communication technology, services and biotechnology. It also builds on a number of other positive developments and initiatives between the two countries, fostering stronger bilateral trade and investment relations, including economic growth and domestic and international liberalisation. The TEFA provides a platform for the future direction of a bilateral trade and economic relationship between Australia and India. It also takes an important step in the development of a free trade agreement (FTA) between the two countries. On a wider scale, the TEFA will expand formal processes for discussion on multilateral and trade issues between the

World Trade Organisation, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the East Asian Summit. At the signing of the historic document, Indian Minister for Commerce and Industry Shri Kamal Nath said the TEFA would open up new growth avenues for trade and economic cooperation between the two countries. He said that the then Indian Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh had mentioned several times that he could foresee the rise of a major free trade area in Asia covering all major Asian economies, including China, Japan and South Korea, and possibly extending to Australia and New Zealand. “This Pan-Asian Free Trade Area could be the third pole of the world economy after the European Union and the North Atlantic Free Trade area,” said Mr Nath. “I am certain that this would open up new growth avenues for our own economy. This framework agreement would provide us an avenue to interact in a more focussed manner and to identify the areas where we could harness the complementarities of our two economies.”

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The Bollywood ﬁlm Chak de India on the Indian Women’s Hockey team was ﬁlmed in Melbourne. This image was supplied courtesy of Yash Raj Films Pvt. Ltd.

•

According to an issues paper released by the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in late 2006, the TEFA should be seen as a platform for closer commercial, economic and trade relations between the two countries. It says there is a wealth of opportunity for Australian exporters to India across a range of sectors, including:

•

Agribusiness – reflecting the increasing demand in India for imported food products, and awareness of high quality products. Entertainment – providing services such as software production, post-production, distribution and exhibition facilitation to the Indian film industry. Healthcare – in the form of the export of advanced medical equipment for diagnostic and patient monitoring, and services such as higher-level medical training. Information technology – for example, software for vertically integrated industries such as transportation, finance and insurance. There is also potential to tap into engineering as well as activities such as EFTPOS and internet banking services.

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•

Mining – in particular new technologies and services relating to safety, environment, communications and training, as well as manufacturing and processing of value-added mineral products.

There are many other existing and potential opportunities available to Australian firms looking to set up in India, especially for smaller firms willing to use their own initiative to create new openings. While the TEFA is seen as a major step forward in strengthening the relationship between Australia and India, both countries have been moving towards this goal throughout this decade. It is easy to document this commitment – the countries have signed top-level agreements and memorandums of understanding in a range of areas. In addition to the TEFA, the countries now share memorandums of understanding (MOUs) on defence cooperation, customs, information and communications technology and biotechnology, as well as a bilateral Air Services Agreement, and the Scientific Collaboration Fund. Other bilateral agreements include: the Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income; Agreement on the Promotion and Protection of Investments; Special Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology; and Arrangement for Recognition of Equivalence of Food Inspection and Certification Systems covering fish and fisheries products exported from India to Australia. Other bilateral MOUs cover areas including: cooperation on the information industries, as well as an MOU between India’s National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) and the Australian Information Industry Association; an exchange program on higher education; cooperation in the field of telecommunications; tourism; and cooperation between the Indian state of Karnataka and the Australian state of Queensland. In 2003, both countries affirmed their position on terrorism with the signing of an important MOU on Cooperation in Combating International Terrorism, by Australia’s former foreign minister Alexander Downer and the then Indian foreign minister Yashwant Sinha. This MOU is designed to promote even closer cooperation between security, intelligence and law enforcement agencies. It was further strengthened in July 2007 with the finalisation of an information-sharing agreement between the two countries.

Over the past five years, Australia’s trade with India has grown faster than with any of its other top thirty export partners – averaging over 33 per cent a year. Trade promotion is a priority for both the Australian and Indian governments. Joint ministerial commissions (JMCs) are held regularly to enable discussion on a range of issues at a government and business level. The JMC is held at the same time as a joint meeting of the India–Australia Business Council (IABC) and the Australia–India Business Council (AIBC). The most recent meeting was held in New Delhi in February 2007. The Australian delegation to this meeting was led by the former Australian minister for trade. The minister led a business delegation of more than sixty companies and visited Chennai, Hyderabad, New Delhi and Mumbai. While there, the minister also opened the new office for the Australian Consulate-General in Chennai. At the opening he said the establishment of the office was a symbol of Australia’s growing commercial engagement with this part of the sub-continent. The minister said the government had identified a number of key sectors for development, including information and communications technology, infrastructure, services, biotechnology, food and beverages, and entertainment. Consul-General and Austrade’s Trade Commissioner to Chennai, Aminur Rahman, said Australian products and services enjoyed a strong reputation in India. He said that Australian food and beverage products already lined the shelves of supermarkets in Chennai and Bangalore. Australian universities are also enjoying increased interest from Indian students, and although the United States is still the number one education destination, Australia has overtaken Europe in the popularity stakes. “With the Indian economy growing at more than 9 per cent and the southern states experiencing similar or even higher growth rates, Australian companies are well placed

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to take advantage of the tremendous trade and investment opportunities here,” said Mr Rahman. One Australian initiative to promote relations with India is the Australia–India Council (AIC). This council was established on 21 May 1992, in response to a recommendation by the Senate Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade, following an inquiry into Australia’s relations with India. The AIC aims to broaden the countries’ relationship by encouraging and supporting contacts and increasing knowledge and understanding between the people and institutions of both nations. Activities designed to achieve this include visits and exchanges between the two countries, development of institutional links, and support of studies of each other. The AIC also offers funding support for projects that have the potential to contribute to the development of the relationship, and guidelines. A particularly important part of the council’s functions is its commitment to education. It achieves this through encouraging the development of Australia-India institutional links between universities, museums, libraries, technical colleges, research institutes, professional bodies and a range of non-government organisations. Through these activities, the council has played an important and recognised role in promoting the relationship between Australia and India; it has furthered the Australian Government’s foreign policy and trade objectives, and added value to Australian-Indian relations. The AIC is serviced by a secretariat located within the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), in Canberra. The Australian High Commission in New Dehli manages the AIC’s activities in India with an in-country manager and support staff. In 1995, the Indian Government established a counterpart to the AIC – the India–Australia Council (IAC) – and the two organisations meet regularly to co-ordinate programs and activities. It is easy to see why a second body founded to promote Australian–Indian trade relations, the Australia–India Business Council (AIBC), is having success in a country that has opened its doors to all things Australian. But the council is well aware it cannot rest on its laurels, and it remains dedicated Australian High Commisioner to India John McCarthy with Dr Sanjaya Baru, Senior Advisor to the Indian Prime Minister, and Australian Minister for Trade Simon Crean, January 2008.

Strong interest in bilateral business opportunities has increased the membership of the Australia India Business Council tenfold in less than a decade. to promoting business links between Australia and India. The AIBC was formed in 1986 following the mutual recognition of enormous trade potential between the two countries by the prime ministers of the time, Australia’s Bob Hawke and India’s Rajiv Gandhi. The AIBC is recognised by Australia’s federal, state and territory governments, and by leading business associations, as the only Australian national association whose sole focus is to promote stronger bilateral business links between Australia and India. It is the first point of contact for government and business representatives from both countries seeking access to industry, business and government leaders of both countries. The organisation maintains close relationships with federal and state government agencies, the diplomatic corps and industry bodies. It showcases opportunities to the Australian business community through an active national event program. In reflection of the strong interest in Indian business opportunities, membership of the AIBC has grown tenfold since 2000. Membership is open to public and private sector organisations, from large corporations and government agencies to small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as to individual professionals and students. Both the Indian and Australian governments continue to be actively involved in engaging the two countries. In August 2007 they announced they had agreed to undertake a joint feasibility study into the merits of a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) . The study will provide an opportunity to consider the potential for benefits that might flow between the countries from an FTA and is expected to be completed by 2009.

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The Australian Government will consult widely within its own country, including states and territories, relevant industry bodies and other stakeholders, during the feasibility study. Bilateral meetings will also be held with Indian representatives.

UTSAV AUSTRALIA – CELEBRATING AUSTRALIA IN INDIA A growing number of analysts are now predicting that India has a very real chance of outperforming all of the world’s major economies during the next four decades. In fact, they believe India could rise to become the world’s third largest economy – by a significant margin – by 2050. This would have a major impact on a global scale. Whether or not this prediction is realised remains to be seen. But it is indisputable that trade and economic ties between Australia and India have strengthened significantly. Both countries have recognised the strategic role they have to play in each other’s success. The Australian Government is committed to encouraging the development of this growing partnership. In March 2007, an ongoing promotional campaign called Utsav (“Celebrate”) Australia was launched. The project is part of an $A6.5 million Australian Government initiative to provide additional Australian Trade Commission (Austrade) representation and expanded reach into India. It is the first program of its kind to raise awareness of Australian business and industry among the Indian business community. It will feature a range of year-round events to highlight the emerging business and investment opportunities across the subcontinent. Whether it is providing technologies to India’s vast mining and resources sector, or infrastructure design for the 2010 Commonwealth Games, Australian businesses are already playing a significant role in India’s compelling wealth. Part of the Utsav Australia program has included the launch of a groundbreaking business portal, www.utsavaustralia.in, which showcases Australian industry expertise and service skills to the Indian business community. The portal plays an important role in generating business and partnership leads from India. For Indian businesses, the site will showcase live business opportunities, increase efficiency in identifying Australian suppliers and initiate long-term commercial outcomes.

India’s booming economy is shifting Australia’s focus from trade in commodities to fresh opportunities in previously untapped sectors with tremendous potential. Austrade’s chief executive ofﬁcer, Peter O’Byrne, said India’s booming economy was shifting Australia’s focus from trade in commodities to fresh opportunities in previously untapped sectors. “Austrade has identiﬁed six key industry sectors for targeted development in India, including advanced manufacturing and aviation, consumer, retail, food and beverage, information and communications technology, infrastructure (in particular 2010 Commonwealth Games projects), mining and resources, and services,” he said. “Tremendous potential exists for Australian suppliers willing to introduce their products or services to this vibrant mix of growth and change.”

INDIA TO HOST 2010 COMMONWEALTH GAMES In November 2003 at the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) Assembly, Delhi won the right to host the 2010 Commonwealth Games. It will be only the second time that an Asian country has hosted the Games, Kuala Lumpur being the first in 1998. The most recent Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne in 2006. India was ranked fourth with a total medal count of fifty at the end of the competition. India’s medal tally included 22 gold, 17 silver and 11 bronze. The closing ceremony at the Melbourne Cricket Ground had a distinct Indian flavour as organisers paid tribute to the next country to host the games. In a symbolic handover ceremony, the CGF flag was lowered and handed to Suresh Kalmadi, Chairman of the Organising Committee for the 2010 Delhi Games. About 800 Indian performers marked the handover of the Games to Delhi with a Bollywood spectacular.

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Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean with Indian Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar after a meeting in Delhi in January 2008.

Former Indian cricket captain Sunil Gavaskar, who had made a call during that week for cricket to be included as a Commonwealth Games sport, was also part of the celebrations. The 2010 Delhi Commonwealth Games are to be held from 3 to 14 October. Seventeen sports will be contested, including archery, aquatics, athletics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, hockey, lawn bowls, netball, rugby sevens, shooting, squash, table tennis, tennis, weightlifting and wrestling.

Sadly for Australia and India, cricket will not be on the agenda. The program will also include elite athletes with a disability (EAD) events. Delhi is buzzing with activity as it prepares to host the games and showcase its city to the world. New and existing venues will be used to host the seventeen sports, and a new low-rise village will be built in the heart of the capital for the athletes. It will be set on forty acres and have the capacity to host approximately 8500 athletes and ofﬁcials. ❑

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COMPANY INTERVIEWS

STRENGTHENING STRATEGIC INDIA–AUSTRALIA RESEARCH Dr Geoff Garrett Chief Executive, CSIRO

SIRO’S RELATIONSHIP WITH INDIA DATES BACK TO 1926. WHILE THE INTENSITY OF CSIRO’S INTERACTIONS WITH INDIA HAS FLUCTUATED OVER TIME, MOMENTUM INCREASED FOLLOWING AUSTRALIA’S SIGNING OF A SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COOPERATION AGREEMENT WITH INDIA IN 1975. The relationship has been further promoted through the establishment of the Australia-India Strategic Research Fund in 2006. Today, our interactions cover the full spectrum of CSIRO’s research capabilities and have ranged from exchange visits to information sharing, to investigating problems of mutual concern and participation in multilateral forums.

In recent years, this has included collaboration with textile institutes in India to reduce the pollution resulting from the production. For example a partnership involving CSIRO and Ahmedabad Textile Industries Research Association has focused on improved wool scouring and the treatment of efﬂuents to reduce environmental impacts of the wool processing industry. Collaboration has also occurred to develop and standardise diagnostic tests and vaccines for the control of sheep and goat-pox diseases – a threat that is considered to be second only to foot-and-mouth disease for this industry. In 2003, CSIR India, along with CSIRO and seven other international research organisations, established the Global Research Alliance (GRA), which facilitates international research and development cooperation in an effort to address the problems facing the world especially in the areas of water, health, energy, transportation and digital divide. Moving beyond the cultural and historical ties that have traditionally bound India and Australia, including

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COMPANY INTERVIEWS

Australia’s Commonwealth Scientiﬁc and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is one of the world’s largest and most diverse national research organisations. Dr Garrett is a graduate of Cambridge University, where he completed a doctorate in metallurgy.

THE RE-EMERGENCE OF INDIA’S SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES IS RIGHTLY CREATING WAVES IN THE INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH COMMUNITY. a love of cricket, there is much that ties Australia to India. The commonalities that exist between our two nations, including but not limited to cultural, political, environmental and geophysical similarities, are further drivers for increasing collaboration between our countries. Today, CSIRO is partnering with research organisations in India in a number of ways to help solve problems of mutual

concern. This includes activities related to agriculture and agricultural sustainability, water issues, clean energy, ICT and radio-astronomy. The re-emergence of India’s science and technology capabilities on the international stage, critically supported by their world-class scientists, is rightly creating waves in the international science and innovation community. Coupled with this are the similarities in issues being experienced in Australia and India that can be addressed through science including, but not limited to, changes in climatic conditions, a greater need for increased yields from agricultural production, and increased energy demands. The ability of CSIRO staff to work with counterparts in India will be critical to solving signiﬁcant problems currently facing both Australia and India, and indeed the world. The partnerships and friendships developed and strengthened through these collaborations will deepen the relationship between these two great countries into the future. ❑

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PROFILE

AUSTRALIA INDIA BUSINESS COUNCIL

HE AUSTRALIA INDIA BUSINESS COUNCIL, IS THE ONLY NATIONAL AUSTRALIAN NON-GOVERNMENT BUSINESS ASSOCIATION DEVOTED SOLELY TO PROMOTING, DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING BILATERAL TRADE AND BUSINESS RELATIONS BETWEEN AUSTRALIA AND INDIA. The Council membership comprises large companies, together with small and medium sized enterprises and individuals, all of whom are either already engaging with India in bilateral trade and commerce, or are in the process of establishing those links. It focuses on building stronger business links between Australia and India for the beneﬁt of its members and both countries. To this end, the Australia India Business Council conducts forums and events for members to provide information on trade and business opportunities, coordinates inbound and

www.aibc.org.au

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outbound trade delegations and paves the way for members to meet industry, business and government leaders from both countries through trade missions and networking events and opportunities. Such events include the Qantas ACCOR India Independence Day Lunch in or around August of each year, which has seen keynote speakers of the calibre of the Prime Minister of Australia, the Federal Minister of Trade, the Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs and the premiers of each of Australia’s states. The increasing strength in the relations between Australia and India has provided a new dynamism in trade potential and companies businesses and individuals engaging with India or intending or wishing to do so in bilateral trade and commerce should seriously consider participating as members of AIBC in order to take full advantage of these opportunities. ❑

see contact details on page 147

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PROFILE

RIO TINTO DIAMONDS AND THE INDIAN DIAMOND INDUSTRY

Global leaders, local partners

IO TINTO DIAMONDS HAS ESTABLISHED AN IMPORTANT PRESENCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL DIAMOND INDUSTRY. RIO TINTO DIAMONDS’ SUCCESS HAS BEEN IN LARGE PART DUE TO ITS STRONG PARTNERSHIP WITH THE INDIAN DIAMOND INDUSTRY, BUILT UP OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS. The establishment in 1983 of the Argyle Diamond Mine in the remote East Kimberley region of Western Australia provided the platform for phenomenal growth in the burgeoning Indian diamond manufacturing industry. This was the beginning of a special partnership between India and Australia. Rio Tinto’s diamonds comprise productions from its three mines – Argyle in Australia, Diavik in Canada and Murowa

www.riotintodiamonds.com

in Zimbabwe. Rio Tinto Diamonds’ customers, known as Select Diamantaires, include many leading Indian diamond companies and have achieved the highest level of expertise in the business and art trading, cutting and polishing diamonds. Today more than 70 per cent of Rio Tinto’s diamonds are cut and polished in India, resulting in hundreds of thousands of jobs created throughout the state of Gujurat. Rio Tinto continues to invest heavily in India’s diamond and jewellery industry. Exploration, new markets, new technologies and a best practice certification initiative are some of the rewards from this commitment. The decision to extend the life of the Argyle mine via underground mining clearly reflects Rio Tinto Diamonds’ confidence in the Indian diamond industry. ❑

see contact details on page 150

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PROFILE

LEIGHTON INTERNATIONAL

EIGHTON INTERNATIONAL IS THE PREMIER INTERNATIONAL OPERATING COMPANY OF THE LEIGHTON GROUP, AUSTRALIA’S LARGEST PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND CONTRACTING GROUP. A number of years ago, Leighton identiﬁed India as a potential new market for the company’s oil and gas expertise, and it started a major business development push in a bid to capitalise on the many opportunities the country offered. “In a very short period of time, India emerged as one of our most important markets,” said David Savage, managing director of Leighton International. Aside from the enormous opportunities it offers, India has many other factors which make it an attractive market for Leighton. It has a familiar legal system, a progressive government that is introducing more liberalised policies and

well developed banks and capital markets. According to the president of Leighton’s operations in India, Vineet Mohan, India is an exciting place to be. “The whole country is buzzing. There is a tremendous optimism about the future and this is reﬂected in both consumer spending and capital investment. There is a huge need for investment in infrastructure, and the private sector, both foreign companies and domestic companies, need to invest and develop in PPP.” The Indian Government is working hard to ensure that this growth continues and is currently targeting annual growth of 8%. Importantly for Leighton, better infrastructure is essential to achieving this. Leighton actually began operating in India in 1998, when it commenced work on the redevelopment of National

www.leightonint.com

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PROFILE

Expressway 4 in Maharashtra State. Over the past few years, however, the company has significantly expanded its operations throughout the country and it now operates in various sectors, including, civil engineering and infrastructure, building, oil and gas and contract mining. Since 2004, when Leighton commenced a renewed push into India, the company has secured multiple projects for blue-chip clients such as Nokia, Flextronics, Kochi Refineries, Wintek, Motorola and Reliance Industries. These include the construction of several manufacturing facilities in Chennai, the Jamnagar Export refinery sub-sea pipelines and a single point mooring (SPM) project; the Kochi SPM & offshore pipeline project and the redevelopment of the domestic terminal at Mumbai airport amongst others. Leighton is currently finalising the Agra to Bharatpur and

the Indore to Khalghat toll roads which are part of the National Highway Authority of India’s North South Corridor project. Leighton is also present in ongoing rail projects and participating in the new PPP opportunities for development of rail infrastructure in India. In May 2007, Leighton International formed a joint venture in India with leading developer Emaar MGF Land Pvt Ltd. It is envisaged that by 2010, this entity will be delivering projects in diverse geographic locations throughout India, supported by a comprehensive range of modern building equipment and a total direct workforce of close to 100,000 people. A number of large-scale mining projects are being pursued, and Leighton expects to establish itself at the forefront of the contract mining industry in the country, then consolidate its position there in the years to come. ❑

see contact details on page 150

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PROFILE

INDIA – AUSTRALIA TRADE AND ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK

USTRALIA AND INDIA HAVE A THRIVING AND LARGELY COMPLEMENTARY INVESTMENT AND TRADING RELATIONSHIP. INDIA WAS AUSTRALIA’S NINTH LARGEST TRADING PARTNER IN 200607, WITH TWO-WAY TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES EXCEEDING A$13.5 BILLION. SINCE 2001, INDIA’S STOCK OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN AUSTRALIA HAS RISEN 508 PER CENT AS INDIAN COMPANIES SEEK NEW GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES. In 2006, the Indian and Australian Governments signed a Trade and Economic Framework which strengthened our bilateral relationship. The framework promotes cooperation in energy and mining, infrastructure development, information and communications technology and other areas. Work has also started on a joint study into the feasibility of a free trade agreement between our two countries, indicating just how important the relationship has become. The interest shown by Indian businesses in the Australian market has grown dramatically. Indian companies have invested in Australian ICT, ﬁnancial services, automotive, biotechnology, resources and clean energy. It is not hard to see why. The Australian economy, with strong links to the fast-growing Asia-Paciﬁc region provides an excellent platform for strategic investment. Australia is now in its seventeenth year of continuous economic growth, with the Economist Intelligence Unit forecasting that the Australian economy will grow at a rate of 3.1 per cent annually from 2007 to 2010, which is well above the OECD average.

Our open, efficient regulatory environment is favourable to foreign direct investment, as are our highly educated, multilingual workforce and East-West outlook. The Australian Government is building on the country’s reputation for world-class research and workforce skills. It plans to deliver 450,000 new training places over the next four years and double the number of Australian Postgraduate Awards for domestic and international PhD students. Australia is rated the most politically stable country in the world and the risk of doing business is correspondingly low - Dun and Bradstreet’s Country Risk Indicator ranks Australia fourth best in the world on this indicator. Australia is also a cost-competitive location. Prime office space in Sydney costs a third of what equivalent space costs in London, Tokyo or Mumbai. Electricity costs for industrial clients are cheaper than in the UK, Singapore, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan or India itself. And we are regional neighbours. The four- to five-hour time difference between Australia and India makes it easy to keep in in touch with colleagues back home. The Australian Government is promoting innovation to increase social and economic opportunities. This will make our country an even better business destination. We look forward to helping you invest here, and welcoming you to Australia.

Senator The Hon Kim Carr The Australian Government Minister for Innovation, Industry, Science and Research

www.innovation.gov.au

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PROFILE

ICICI SECURITIES

CICI SECURITIES (I-SEC) IS A WHOLLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF ICICI BANK LIMITED, THE LARGEST AND MOST RECOGNIZED PRIVATE BANK IN INDIA. I-Sec’s operations include retail broking, institutional broking, distribution of retail financial products, wealth management, equity capital markets and advisory services. It is a leader in corporate finance activities in a diverse range of sectors, including IT, media, telecom, pharmaceuticals and banking. The firm has a strong experience in every facet of the business, from domestic and international capital markets advisory, to M&A advisory, private equity syndication, restructuring and infrastructure advisory. I-Sec assists global institutional investors to make the right decisions through its insightful research coverage and a client focused sales and dealing team. A 30-member dedicated and specialized research team ensures flow of well-researched stock ideas and portfolio strategies.

www.icicisecurities.com

I-Sec also enjoys first-mover and market-leader advantages in the derivatives segment. Judged ‘Best Brokerage House’ by Asia Money in 2003, ICICI Securities has the largest reach to the retail segment through its two pioneering brands – ICICI direct.com and ICICI direct. With over 65 per cent of the market, ICICI direct.com was recognised as India’s Best e-Brokerage House in 2003-2004, 2004-2005 and 2006-07, and as the Most Preferred Brand of Financial Advisory Services by leading financial publications in India. It has also set up a unique chain of “neighbourhood financial superstores” called ICICI direct. Launched to “turn money to wealth”, the stores offer a slew of financial products like mutual fund, IPOs, loans and share trading and assist customers to invest their funds wisely in options of their choice. Headquartered in Mumbai, I-Sec operates out of several locations in India. ❑

see contact details on page 149

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PROFILE

FOCUS PUBLISHING INTERACTIVE World-leading business and government publisher

OCUS PUBLISHING INTERACTIVE HAS CREATED AND DELIVERED HIGH-QUALITY BOOKS TO MANY OF THE ORGANISATIONS SPEARHEADING AUSTRALIA’S PUSH INTO THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT, SOUTH-EAST ASIA, CHINA, JAPAN, THE MIDDLE EAST, EUROPE, AMERICA AND BEYOND.

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PROFILE

AUSTRALIA INDIA

A DEEPENING ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP

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Woolworths, Alcatel, the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Authority, Qantas, Australia Post, Westpac, the Australian Stock Exchange, the Commonwealth Bank, Ford Motor Company, IBM, Mirvac, the State Library of Victoria and the State Library of New South Wales.

WHY YOU SHOULD TALK TO FOCUS • • • • •

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High-level strategic marketing tools targeted at business and government leaders in the position to make signiﬁcant investment and policy decisions.

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INDEX

A Aboriginal Australian culture 84, 84–85, 85 Academies Australasia 131 Academy of English 131 Aconex 57 Aditya Biria Group 53, 116 Advanced Centre for Automotive Research and Testing (ACART) 71 advanced manufacturing 70–71 advertising campaigns 135–136 Agra 136 agribusiness 18–19, 67, 89, 112 Ahluwalia, Montek Singh 104 Ahmedabad Textile Industries Research Association 34 AIDS see HIV/AIDS Air Services Agreement 29 air traffic in India 44 aircraft construction 71 airport construction 50 All India Association of Industries 130 ammonia plant (WA) 26 Andhra Pradesh 69 Anna University 130 Annaswamy, Sriraman 103 architectural firms, Australian 51, 105 architectural firms, Indian 105 Argyle Diamond Mine 37, 109 Arogya Raksha Yojana 97 Arrow Energy 53 arts 71–72, 83–85 Ashes Test Series 125 Ashok Sarkar Memorial lecture 86 Asia Education Foundation 81 Asia Pacific Partnership (APP) 54 Asian Development Bank 15 Asian Games (1982) 141 Asia–Pacific International Mining Exhibition (AIMEX) 53–54 Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) 141 Association of Biotechnology Led Enterprises (ABLE) 63 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 27 Asean Focus Group 117 AusAID (Australian Agency for International Development) 86–87 AusArts 83–85, 87 AusBiotech 63 AusIndia Holidays 136 Austrade (Australian Trade

Commission) 14–19, 32, 44, 45, 66, 110 Australia International Cultural Council (AICC) 83 Australia Tourist visa service 132 Australia–India Business Council (AIBC) 29, 31, 36, 103 Australia–India Council (AIC) 31, 69, 80–84, 124, 127, 133, 141 Australia–India EcoTourism Working Group 127–128 Australia–India Friendship Fair 79–80 Australia–India Information Industries Business Network (AIIIBN) 103 Australia–India Strategic Research Fund (AISRF) 34, 63–64, 103 Australia–India teacher exchange program 81 Australia–India Test 125 Australia–India Tourism Business Forum 127–128 Australian Agency for International Development see AusAID Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) 89 Australian Computer Society (ACS) 103, 142 Australian Export Awards (AEA) 44–45 Australian Film Festival 135 Australian Foods 110 Australian High Commission 31 Australian Indian Film Festival 72 Australian Indian Resources 109 Australian Information Industry Association (AIIA) 29, 103 Australian International High School 131 Australian International Hotel School (AIHS) 131 Australian Leadership Awards 86 Australian Literature Touring Program 85 Australian National University 83, 87, 133 Australian Scholarships Program 63–64, 86–87, 103 Australian Sports Commission 133 Australian Studies Fellowships 82, 83, 133 Australian Suppliers Directory 44 Australian Synchrotron 71 Australian tooling industry (ATI) 70–71 Australian Tourist visa service 132 Australian Trade Commission see Austrade

Australian Trade Statement (2007) 56 Automotive Centre for Excellence 71 automotive parts industry 70 AV Birla 54, 116 Avondale Colliery 115 AXA Group 64 B Bailey, Fran 132 Balaji, Lakshmipathy 127 Bangalore 66, 67, 69, 107, 136 banking industry 16–17, 64 Baroda Cricket Academy 127 Baru, Dr Sanjaya 30 Beech Ovens 19, 43 Behrendt, Larissa 84 Bennett, Professor Bruce 83 Bharat Diamond Bourse (BDB) 109 Bharti AXA Life 64–65 Bharti Enterprises 64 Bhattacharya, PS 53 Bhosle, Asha 71 bilateral agreements see memorandums of understanding Biocon Foundation 97 Biocon Ltd 68, 96–97, 102 biotechnology 63–64, 67–69 see also healthcare sector Birla, Kumar Mangalam 116 biscuit market 112 Black Cat Films 72 Blue Mountains Hotel School (BMHS) 131 BlueScope Steel 73–74, 103–104, 105, 116 Bollywood 47, 71–72, 132–135 Bollywood Dreams 135 Bombay Stock Exchange 65 Bondi Beach 137 Border, Allan 123–124 Border–Gavaskar Scholarship 123–124, 125–127, 126 Border–Gavaskar Trophy 123–124, 124, 125 Bovis Lend Lease 52 Bracks, Steve 141 Bradman, Donald 123 bread market 112 BRW Fast 100 57 building and construction see infrastructure, building and construction Burdwan University 133

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INDEX

Burnet Institute 69 Business Club Australia 44 business process outsourcing (BPO) 103 C Calicut 64 capital markets 17 Carborough Downs Coal Project 116 Carey, Peter 86 Carmody, Isobelle 84 Carr, Kim 40 Carrick, Sir John 145 Celebrating Vivaha (2007) 129 Chak de India (ﬁlm) 28 Chamber of Commerce and Industry (Australia) 28 Champagne Indage 113 Chandigarh Engineering College 130 Chennai 14, 29, 39 Chhattisgarh 54 Chilli Factory 19 China 14 Choupal Fresh 110 climate, Australian 49 Co-operative Research Centre (CRC) in Advanced Automotive Technology 71 Coal India Limited (CIL) 18, 18, 53, 55 coal mining 17–18, 55 coal washeries 18 Commonwealth Bank Centre of Excellence (CBCE) 125 Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) 32 Commonwealth Games Melbourne (2006) 32–33, 51, 133, 140 Commonwealth Games Delhi (2010) 32–33, 51, 105, 141 Commonwealth of Australia 21 Commonwealth of Nations 22 competition legislation 87 Computer Society of India 103 Conde Nast Traveller, UK 136 Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) 107, 141 construction see infrastructure, building and construction Cookie Man 19, 46, 110, 111 Corus 116 Council for Scientiﬁc and Industrial Research (CSIR) 89 Cowan, Tom 135 Cowell, Brendan 136 Crawford, Sir John 87

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Crean, Simon 15, 30, 33, 54 cricket 123–127 Cricket Australia 125 Crowe, Russell 71 Crowe, Suzanne 83 CSIR India 34 CSIRO 34–35 Curtin University of Technology 82, 83, 133, 134 D dairy industry 18 Daniel, Vinod 83 Darjeeling 136 Daryl Jackson Architecture 105 Das, Shiv Sunder 127 Davies, Luke 84 Davies, Suzanne 83 DB Architecture 105 Deakin Research Institute in Bangalore 68 Deakin University, Victoria 68, 144–145 Deccan Gold 109 Delhi see New Delhi Delhi College of Engineering 130 Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) 31, 89 Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs 132 Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research 40 Des Space Travel 136 Devenish, Charles 109 Dhiman, Gaurav 127 diamond cutting and polishing industry 109 diamond industry 37 Dikshit, Sheila 141 Directorate of Wheat Research 112 Downer, Alexander 29 Dua AFG 117 E e-Choupal 110 e-visas 132 East Asian Summit 27 Ebeyan, Gary 90–91 economic growth in Australia 40 economic growth in India 14, 15, 25, 29, 32, 57, 104 economic reform in India 24 Economist Intelligence Unit 67 education services 31, 59–64, 133

education exchange program 63 Indian academics in Australia 83 Indian students in Australia 15, 47, 59, 80, 82, 130, 133 8 Steps to India project 66 Emaar MGF Land Pvt Ltd 39 Emami Limited 53 Endeavour awards Endeavour Asia Awards 87 Endeavour Australia Cheung Kong Awards 87 Endeavour India Executive Awards 86–87 Endeavour India Research Fellowships 86–87 Endeavour International Postgraduate Research Scholarships 87 Endeavour Postgraduate Awards 87 Endeavour Vocational Technical Education Awards 87 energy 53–54 energy consumption in India 16, 53 renewable 54 entertainment 71–72, 83–85 Essel India 53 Evans, Mary (Nadia) 135 Expert Information Services 91, 101, 116 export figures, Australia–India coal 26 food and beverage 110 gold 26, 107 goods and services 24, 25–26, 40, 64 wool and cotton 67 export figures, Australian in 2006–07 22 advanced manufacturing 70 education services 15, 59 exports by state 22 food 65 gold 109 ICT 59 wine 113 export figures, Indian IT and information-enabled services revenues 100 jewellery 107 Export Market Development Grants (EMDG) 44, 53 export opportunities 28–29, 54, 69, 77, 103

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INDEX

F Fagg, Kathryn 103–104 Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) 54 Fels, Professor Allan 87 Film Arts Media and Entertainment (FAME) Council 135 ﬁlm makers see Bollywood Financial Network Services (FNS) 101 ﬁnancial products 16–17, 64–65 Fischer, Tim 128 food and beverage 18–19, 65–67, 110 food-processing sector 110 food retailing in India 19 foreign direct investment (FDI) 15, 26, 40, 51 Indian coal mining sector 53 Indian telecommunications 56 Forum of Indian IT Companies (FINDIT) 99 free trade agreement (FTA) 27, 31–32 fruit and vegetables 18–19 G Gambhir, Gautam 127 Gandhi, Rajiv 31 Gardasil (cancer vaccine) 67 Garrett, Dr Geoff 34–35 Gavaskar, Sunil 33, 123–124, 127 Geelong Technology Precinct (GTP) 68, 145 Gems and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJPC) 107, 109 gems and jewellery market 107–110 geography, Indian 22–23 The Ghan 50 Gibson, Mel 71 Global Research Alliance (GRA) 34 Gloria Jean’s Coffees 60–61 GMR Group 76–77 Goa 138 gold market 26, 107–110 golf tourism 138 green building 53, 106 Grenville, Kate 86 Gribble, Darren 83, 127 Gujarat 37, 109 Gujarat NRE Coke Limited 92–93, 112, 115 Gujarat NRE Minerals Limited 93 H Hargreaves, Chris 73

Hawke, Bob 31 healthcare sector 68–69, 87–89 see also biotechnology Helen O’Grady Children’s Drama Academy 62 Hindalco 116 Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL) 53, 75 history, Australian 21–22 HIV/AIDS 69–70, 87–89 Holgate, Ben 80 Hollway, Sandy 83, 133 Howling Wolves Wine Group (HWWG) 113 Hutchesson, Bryce 133 Hydro Tasmania 54 I I-Sec 41 IBA Health Limited 68–69 ICICI Bank Limited 41 ICICI Securities 41 IDC 101 IDP Education 80 Iemma, Morris 79, 80 IITB–Monash Research Academy 119 immigration, India to Australia 89 IMPA 117 Incredible India campaign 136 India Economic Summit 104 India NRE Minerals Limited 115 India Resources Limited (IRL) 75 India–Australia Business Council (IABC) 29, 54 India–Australia Council (IAC) 31, 124 Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) 89 Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) 53, 107 Indian Hotels Company 116 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) 119 Indian Travel Mission 128 Indian Women’s Hockey team 28 Indigenous Australian culture 84, 84–85, 85 Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) 83, 133 Indonesia 18 Industrial Research Institute Swinburne (IRIS) 71 information and communications technology 54–59 Infosys 92 Infosys Australia 90–92

Infosys Technologies 101, 103, 115, 116 infrastructure, building and construction 16, 47–53, 103–107 Australian construction ﬁrms 52 Australian consulting engineers 51 Australian sector 49 building materials and equipment 52–53 Indian infrastructure investment (projected) 51 insurance 17 International Cricket Council 124 International Development Program see IDP Education International Gold Summit 107 International Monetary Fund 24 internet users 56, 100 Irvine, Peter 60 IT and information-enabled services 56–57, 59, 100–101 ITC 110 J Jack, Lyndel 110 Jagatramka, Arun Kumar 115 Jain, Arun 99 Jamnagar Export reﬁnery 39 Japan 65 Jasper, Leigh 57 Jawaharlal Nehru University 133 Jayashankar, Akash 144, 145 Jeffery, Major General Michael 87 jewellery industry see gems and jewellery market Jharkhand 54 Joint Business Council (JBC) 23–24 Joint Ministerial Commission (JMC) 23, 29 June Dally-Watkins (JDW) 62 K Kaif, Mohammad 127 Kalam, APJ Abdul 97 Kalmadi, Suresh 33 Kangaroo Kids Australia 62 Karnataka 29 Karnataka State Cricket Academy 127 Kashmir earthquake 25 Kelkar, Dr Vijay 87 Keneally, Tom 86, 86 Kerala 64–65, 136 Khan, Feroz 133, 135 Kidman, Nicole 71

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INDEX

Kochi SPM 39 Kolkata 136 Kolkata Book Fair 84 Kothari, Sanjay 107, 109 Kunwinjku artists 84, 84 L Lange, Mitu Bhowmick 72 Lee, Brett 71 Leighton Asia (Southern) see Leighton International Leighton Holdings 52 Leighton India 106 Leighton International 38–39, 48–49, 106 Linford, Peter 16 Lowy Institute 14 M McCarthy, John 30, 107, 110 Macquarie Group 65, 76 Madura Garments 136 Maharashtra State Expressway 39 Mahindra & Mahindra 120–121 Mahindra, Anand 120–121 Mahindra Tractors 120 manufacturing 70–71 market, Australian 45, 47 Marshall, Professor Barry 67 Mazumdar-Shaw, Dr Kiran 96–97 Mehta, Rajesh 109 Melbourne Business School 62 memorandums of understanding (MOUs) 29 AIIIBN 103 biotechnology and health 63, 68 gems and jewellery market 109 ICT 57, 103 science and technology cooperation (1975) 34 science and technology cooperation (2003) 63 sports cooperation 133 tourism cooperation 127 UTS 130 Meyhar Bhasin Academy (MBA) 62 Microsoft 101 MiniFAB 71 mining 17–18, 53–54 Ministry of Tourism, India 136 Mohan, Vineet 38 Moignard, Mike 14, 15, 66 Monash University 83, 119, 133

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Mono Pumps (Australia) Pty Ltd 54 Mount Gordon Mines 116 MOUs see memorandums of understanding Multiplex 52 Mumbai 138 Airport 39, 44 bombing (2005) 24 Expressway Redevelopment 48 International Film Festival 85 Mumbai Cricket Association 127 Murray, Les 85 Mussoorie 136 Mysore Dasara festival 138 N Nadia (Mary Evans) 135 Nainital 136 Nangia, Deepak 100 Narayan Oration 87 Narayanan, Dr KR 87 NASSCOM see National Association of Software and Service Companies Natarajan, Raj 79 Nath, Shri Kamal 27, 54, 67 National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) 29, 99, 103 National Food Industry Strategy (NFIS) 66 national highway network, Australian 49 National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur 130 National Stock Exchange (India) 65 natural disasters in India 24–25 Nelle, Dr Susan 66 New Delhi 136, 141 New Exporter Development Program 44 Nifty copper mines 116 Nipuna Services 143 Nobel Prize 62, 67 North South Corridor project (India) 39 NTPC 130

palace tourism 138, 139 Pan-Asian Free Trade Area (proposed) 27 Patel, Parthiv 127 Pauline, Greg 106 Pawar, Sharad 33 Peddle Thorp Architects 51, 105 Planning Commission (India) 57–59, 104 Polaris Software 99 Ponting, Ricky 124 population, Indian by class 15, 43 comparison with China 14 by median age 15, 25 poverty 87–89 power see energy Prabhu, Akil 144 professional services 16–17, 64–65 see also education services Pune International Film Festival 84 Punjab Agricultural University 112 Q Qantas ACCOR India Independence Day Lunch 36 Queensland 132

O O’Byrne, Peter 32 oil and gas infrastructure in India 53 Olympic Games Sydney (2000) 51, 133 Orissa 54

R RABiT 71 Rabo India Finance 67, 110 Rahman, Aminur 29–31 Rai, Aishwarya 140 railways 39, 50–51 Raina, Suresh 127 Rainforest Alliance Certification Programme 60 Rajasthan 136, 139 Rajesh Exports Ltd (REL) 107 Raju, B. Rama 142–143 Rao, GM 76–77 Relenza (influenza drug) 67, 68 Republic of India see India residential property 104 retailing figures in India 43 Rio Tinto Diamonds 37, 109 Ritchie, David 83 Rothery, Eoin 75 Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) 71 Rugby World Cup (2003) 51

P PACE 99

S Salaam Namaste (ﬁlm) 72, 132

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INDEX

Saleh, Nabi 60 Santos 53 Satyam Computer Services 100, 103, 142–143 Satyam–Venture Engineering Services 143 Savage, David 38, 48 Scientiﬁc Collaboration Fund 29 Scott, Kim 85 Senate Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade 31, 80 services industry in India 43–44 Shaadi.com 128 Shah, Pinal 127 Shimla 136 Singh, Dr Manmohan 14, 27 single point mooring (SPM) 39 Sinha, Yashwant 29 Sir John Crawford Lectures 87 Smart Internet Cooperative Research Centre 103 Sohrabji Green Business Centre 107 Solarhart Pty Ltd 54 Soni, Ambika 135 South Africa 107 Soviet Union 24 spiritual centres in India 138 sports 51, 123–127 Sports Authority of India 133 Sports Coaching Workshop (2001) 133 SREI Infrastructure and Finance 53 Strengthening the India–Australia Corridor in Select Food and Agribusiness Sectors (report) 67 Surda Copper 75 Sustainability Victoria 107 sustainable development 87–89 Sutherland, James 125 Sutherland, Vaughan 113 Swamy and Associates 103 T Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces 116, 118 Tandou Wines 113 tariff barriers 24 Tata BlueScope Steel 73–74, 103–104, 105 Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) 101 Tata Group 116 Tata, JN 116 Tata Power 116 Tata Steel 53, 103, 105, 116 TCS Management 101

Tech Mahindra 120 Technico 19, 110 Technituber 110 telecommunications sector 56 Ten Canoes (ﬁlm) 84, 85 Tendulkar, Sachin 123 terrorism 29 Thiess 106 Thomas, Tim 64 Thompson Estate Wines 19 Thumbs Up 136 Thwaites, John 107 Tolia, Chetan 73 Toll Group 94–95 Toll Logistics Asia 95 Total Communication Solutions see TCS Management Tourism Australia 127–129, 132, 133 Tourism Australia, Mumbai 127–128 tourism industry 53, 125 Australian 127–129, 132–133 Indian 135–139 Tourism Ofﬁce, India’s 136 Toyota 71 trade agreements 29 trade agreement between India and Australia (1976) 23 Trade and Economic Framework Agreement (TEFA) 26–29, 40, 120–121 trade between India and Australia (2006–07) 15, 25 trade promotion 29 trading partners, Australian 22, 40 Trethowan, Richard 112 tsunami (2004) 24–25 U underground mining 18 Unibic 67 United Indian Associations (UIA) 79, 80 United States 56, 65, 70, 100 University of Adelaide 83 University of New South Wales 83, 133 University of Queensland 83, 133 University of South Australia 133 University of Sydney’s Plant Breeding Institute 112 University of Technology, Sydney 130 uranium 76 Utsav Australia 32, 47

V Vaingankar, Kshemal 127 Verma, Anil 99 Victoria 68, 71, 106, 107 centres of excellence 71 Victorian Building Commission 107 VLCC (very large crude carrier) 45 W Warne, Shane 123 Warren, Dr Robin 67 Watson (wine group) 113 Waugh, Russell 49 Waugh, Steve 123 wheat-based cropping 89 wheat breeding and production 112 wine industry 113 Winter, John 84 Winton, Tim 86 Women in Export 44 wool and cotton 67 The Woolmark Company 44 World Economic Forum 136 World Sustainable Building Conference 107 World Trade Organization 27 Wran, Neville 79 Wright, Alexis 85–86 www.aibc.org.au 36 www.aseanfocus.com 117 www.curtin.edu.au 146 www.deakin.edu.au 144 www.duaafg.com 117 www.gloriajeanscoffees.com.au 60 www.gujaratnre.com.au 93 www.icicisecurities.com 41 www.iitbmonash.org 119 www.indiaresources.com.au 75 www.infosys.com 92 www.innovation.gov.au 40 www.leightonint.com 38 www.riotintodiamonds.com 37 www.tajhotels.com 118 www.tatabluescopesteel.com 74 www.tollgroup.com 94 www.utsavaustralia.in 32 www.uts.edu.au/international 130 Y YouTube 136 Z Zaetta, Tania 81

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