For Kauai August 2022

‘ KAUAI perpetuating the culture of the island

Elections Special Section Pages 8 & 9

From Kapa to Quilt TRIBUTE TO PAST KAUA‘I FARM FAIRS SATURDAY AUGUST 20 11 AM - 2 PM Kaua‘i County Farm Bureau Agricultural Event

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From Kapa to Quilt

By Virginia Beck

Virginia Beck

A visit to the Kaua‘i Museum is a journey through time, with hundreds of years of Hawaiian culture and way of life on display. The museum is currently holding an exhibit, “From Kapa to Quilt,” showcasing dozens of masterpieces of Hawaiian quilt-making.

“I believe the earliest one in our collection is from the mid-1800s,” said Chucky Boy Chock, Kaua‘i Museum Executive Director. Then in the late 1800s through the early 1900s, he said, there was a “boom” in quiltmaking in Hawai‘i.

The quilts in exhibit at Kaua‘i Museum show how Hawaiians absorbed a Western tradition two centuries ago, and quickly added their own flavor to create styles unique to the Islands.

“From a historical point, the birth of quilting (in Hawai‘i) began around 1820 when the first missionaries arrived on Kaua’i,” said Chock, adding it was mainly the Ruggles and Whitney families who introduced woven materials and steel needles to Hawai‘i. “Then Hawaiian wāhine were taught the art of patchwork quilting.”

As time moved on, he said, Hawaiian quilt designs were influenced by nature elements, such as ulu (breadfruit) leaves and fruits. Other tropical plant motifs were also introduced to quilt making. Those first Hawaiian quilts usually had a single solid color – mostly green, red or yellow – against a white background. Some quilts also featured the Hawaiian flag or the royal coat of arms.

“I believe that once the na wāhine learned the art of quilting, they embraced it with their own designs and made it theirs, they took ownership,” Chock said.

A quilt showing Hawaiian pride, decorated with monarchy symbols and Hawaiian flags.

Contributed photo Kaua‘i Museum Membership/IT Specialist Ryland Balbin, left, and Executive Director Chucky Boy Chock are seen here with one of the quilts currently in exhibit at Kaua‘i Museum.

Ulu still seems to be the most popular inspiration for Hawaiian quilt designs even today, he said.

“From Kapa to Quilt” opened July 5, and will close September 28.

More than 30 quilts are on display, revealing how quilt-making achieved its own style in Hawai‘i. The colorful pieces show both a strong tropical flavor, with kaleidoscopic tropical plant motifs, and Hawaiian pride, with monarchy-inspired designs.

A quilt has basically three main parts: a fluffy batting sandwiched between the top and the back. The top often has an elaborate design, while the back is usually a single piece. The stitching holding it all together is called the quilting.

Quilting is a communal craft, by women working in groups or alone, stitching their work together, or working together on a single large piece. Their hours of patient attention produces durable, washable bedding with skillful ornamentation.

Before contact with Western civilizations, the closest thing Hawaiians had to quilt was the kapa moe, a layered blanket made out of beaten tree bark (usually wauke). continued on page 4

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From Kapa to Quilt from page 2

“Wāhine (women) made cloth from the wauke (mulberry) into bedding and clothing. Other plants used were the ‘ulu, ōpuhe, ma‘aloa, māmaki, ākala, ‘ākalakala and hau,” Chock said.

Besides bedding, Hawaiians created capes and skirts from kapa. They were decorated with patterns on wooden tools, carved and incised with geometric patterns typical in Pacific Island nations. Some of these designs are unique to Kaua‘i. The dyes came from native plants, and marine life. Layers of kapa could be stitched together for warmth and matting.

The arrival of Western cloth and other dyes were assimilated into the communal activities. From this, new skills were learned and adapted.

The nature of Hawaiian patterned quilts was then developed by incorporating the silhouettes of tropical plants into organic shapes, leading to a looser interpretation of pattern and craft.

The waving patterns of the ocean, and the curving patterns of the streams became sinuous geometric patterns for the stitching that connected the decorative front piece. Wool was often used for the stuffing once sheep had arrived. It was warm, insulating, and resuming its original fluffiness after washing.

Quite a number of the quilts in exhibit at Kaua‘i Museum were produced in the early plantation days. Floral methods were adapted to local flowers and plants. Appliqué, a technique which allows a separate fabric decorative design to be stitched to the quilted fabric, allowed innovative patterns which usually radiated from the center point. This center was called the piko – a word used for the navel of a human.

Women would unroll half the quilt, and only the maker could sit on the piko. Other women would work together around the edges and work toward the center. The second half was completed with the same care.

“The Hawaiian quilt collection was donated by the artists, owners and mainly the ‘ohana, or family members,” Chock said. “Being the repository of these treasured quilts, it’s our kuleana (responsibility) to

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Virginia Beck Kaua‘i Museum staff and volunteers are seen here at the gift shop, left to right, Aunty Kay Nakata (volunteer), Aunty Uli‘i Castor (sales associate), Chucky Boy Chock (executive director), Lyah Kama-Drake (education specialist/collections), and Michiru Umezu (shop manager). see that they are stored with great care and precaution.”

A detailed booklet available at the museum’s gift shop is a treasure for anyone interested in Hawaiian quilting. It shows the making of quilt and stitching patterns, with text and illustrations by Chris Faye, research

by Margaret Lovett and photos by R. F. Wichman.

“From Kapa to Quilt” is on display until Sept. 28 at Kaua‘i Museum in Līhu‘e Monday to Friday from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., and on Saturday from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. General admission is $15, seniors and kama‘aina pay $12, and students pay $10. Children 7 and under, and museum members are free.

Visit www.kauaimuseum.org or call (808) 245-6931 for more information, to find out how to become a member or to donate to the museum.

There are more than 30 quilts in exhibit at Kaua‘i Museum. Contributed photos

Virginia Beck

Contributed photo

Most quilts in the ‘From Kapa to Quilt’ exhibit at Kaua‘i Museum have floral designs.

A quilt with the Hawaiian flag and the roayl coat of arms.

Be part of the change…check out the

Kaua‘i Destination Management Action Plan (DMAP).

The Hawai‘i Tourism Authority has partnered with the Kaua‘i Visitors Bureau and the County of Kaua‘i to create a Kaua‘i Destination Management Action Plan. This plan aims to rebuild, redefine and reset tourism. Action items were developed in 2020 with community input, and include:

KAUA‘I

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Manta Rays of Hawai‘i

By Mark Deakos, PhD

Many are familiar with Hawai‘i’s humpback whales, the gentle giants that visit Hawaiian waters each winter to breed and give birth. But most are less familiar with other gentle giants in Hawai‘i, who remain in our nearshore waters throughout the year – the manta ray.

Two species of manta rays exist. The less common oceanic manta ray (Mobula birostris) has a wingspan over 22 feet, and the more common reef-associated manta ray (Mobula alfredi) has a wingspan of 12 feet.

Each year, thousands of visitors travel to Kona coast, on the leeward side of Hawai‘i Island, to snorkel and dive with these graceful plankton feeders at night, using artificial lights to concentrate their food. But what about the manta rays that reside off Maui, O‘ahu or Kaua‘i?

In 2005, Dr. Mark Deakos, co-founder and chief scientist of the Hawai‘i Association for Marine Education and Research (HAMER), began studying the reef-associating manta rays off West Maui at a known Reef manta ray opening it’s mouth and gills to allow access for the brightly colored Hawaiian cleaner cleaning station found on the Olowalu Reef. Cleaning wrasse to remove parasites from these areas. Photo: Mark Deakos stations are important staging areas where turtles, sharks and other marine species visit to have cleaner fish clean wounds or remove unwanted parasites from In response, many stakeholders are working hard to help to resolve the sediment their bodies. The fluorescent Hawaiian cleaner wrasse is the most noticeable, and it threat through a multipronged approach within the two watersheds that flank the focuses generally on cleaning inside the manta Olowalu Reef (Olowalu and Ukumehame). A major priority is reducing fire ignitions in ray’s gills and mouth while other cleaner fish, such the area from utility lines. Fires result in tens of thousands of acres of exposed soil and as the saddle wrasse, focus more on parasites on ash that are ready to be pulled downhill to the ocean during the next rain event. Other the outside of the manta ray’s body. work involves installing fire breaks to reduce fire spread; eliminating deer that denude Much has been learned over the past 17 years at these cleaning stations where the landscape; planting native species into swales to slow the water and bind the soil; many photographs have been taken. Individuals are distinguishable by the unique spot installing fencing to keep out the deer; and efforts to identify the major sources of patterns found on the belly of each manta ray. To date, the HAMER catalog of Maui sediment and prevent that sediment from reaching the ocean. manta rays has grown to more than 600 unique individuals – the largest population Meanwhile, HAMER scientists have been learning a great deal about Maui’s manta known in the United States – and twice that of the Kona manta ray population. ray population. Using a paired-laser system, one can measure the size of a manta ray.

Sadly, over the past decade, manta ray sightings at the Olowalu Reef have dropped After more than 10 years of measuring manta rays at Olowalu, none were smaller than by more than 95 percent. This is likely due to the declining health of corals suffering the seven feet and yet they are born at four feet in width. But thanks to citizen scientists devastating impacts of stormwater that carries fine sediments and pollutants down who are sharing opportunistic photos of encounters in South Maui, more than 60 the steep mountain slopes and onto the reef, suffocating the coral and disrupting young manta rays have been added to the catalog. We now know they segregate fish reproduction. This could be the reason why the once reliable manta ray cleaning geographically by age class, likely targeting different food sources. stations on the Olowalu Reef have disappeared.

The Olowalu Reef also hosts mating trains of manta rays that can include up to In 2017, Deakos, with support from Suzanne Case (executive director of The Nature 25 males pursuing a single female. We learned that mothers, following a 12-month Conservancy at the time) and Nainoa Thompson (president of the Polynesian Voyaging gestation period, give birth to a single pup every two to five years.

Society), successfully petitioned to have the Olowalu Reef recognized as Hawai‘i’s first The photo-identification work, combined with active and passive tracking of manta Sylvia Earle Mission Blue Hope Spot. The nearly 1,000-acre Olowalu Reef has been rays, has shown they move between the islands of Maui Nui (Maui, Moloka‘i, Lāna‘i, and identified by some of the top coral biologists in the world as a priority reef for marine Kaho‘olawe). However, no evidence exists that they move beyond those islands. protection.

In fact, HAMER’s recent genetic findings, which are in preparation for publication

Akeakamai

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and reflect a collaboration with scientists Dr. Jonathan Whitney with NOAA and Dr. Richard Coleman with the University of Central Florida, have found the Maui manta ray population to be genetically distinct from those off Kona. The differences in the genetic signatures between the two populations suggests males may only move between the islands once per generation (about 40 years) and females, which are more likely to stay in the region they were born, would move only once per 500 years.

This is astonishing given that Hawai‘i Island is less than 30 miles from Maui, suggesting that sufficient resources exist in Maui Nui that precludes the need to cross the deep ‘Alenuihāhā Channel separating the two islands. This, however, highlights the vulnerability of these isolated populations, considering their relatively small population size, low numbers of births, and late maturity. If population numbers should drop, they won’t be resupplied from neighboring populations.

Whether or not our reef manta ray populations are increasing, decreasing, or remaining stable is not yet clear. To help address this question, HAMER is working with Corey Nevels, a master’s student enrolled at the University of Hawai‘i, who is examining multiple population parameters using mark-recapture statistical modeling.

If populations from Hawai‘i Island or Maui Nui are shown to be on a decline, this could trigger a federal designation as threatened, distinct population stocks, similar to the false killer whale populations in Hawai‘i, mandating the need for a population recovery plan.

In collaboration with the Manta Pacific Research Foundation out of Kona, HAMER is also using genetics to examine the first ever parentage study conducted on manta rays. This will not only help develop the family tree so we know who is related to whom, but will shed light on whether certain adult males and females are responsible for most of the offspring or if parentage is more evenly distributed across all adults.

The latest and most urgent research is identifying which critical habitats are

needed for our reef manta rays to survive and thrive. Where do they spend most of their time getting cleaned, seeking mates, feeding, and giving birth? No pupping habitats have been identified to date on Hawai‘i and on Maui. Where they feed is still an unknown. With the deployment of sophisticated satellite tags, HAMER is hoping to map out those critical habitats for both the older and younger cohorts so that we can begin to ensure those habitats are well protected.

In the past two years, citizen scientists from the islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i have been sharing their photos of opportunistic manta ray encounters, helping us learn about these island populations as well. This year, we had the first confirmed match connecting a manta ray from Kaua‘i with the island of Ni‘ihau, and the first match of a manta ray on O‘ahu’s North Shore, seen again on the south shore – evidence that the entire island of O‘ahu is part of their home range.

Through the collaborative efforts of scientists, resource managers, decision makers, and citizen scientists we are hopeful that we will find the solutions to protect and preserve Hawai‘i’s resident giants, their habitats, and the joy they bring to our lives, for many generations to come.

You can support HAMER’s research by visiting www.hamerinhawaii.org or contacting them via contact@hamerinhawaii.org. If you have a manta ray photo you wish to contribute to the catalog, please send to reportamanta@mantatracker.org and you will be notified if it is a new individual or one previously sighted.

• Mark Deakos came to Hawai‘i in 1996, hailing from Canada, and completed his master’s degree on humpback whales, and his Ph.D. on manta rays with the University of Hawai‘i.

He co-founded the Hawaii Association for Marine Education and Research in 2004 and has been conducting manta ray research in Hawai‘i since 2005.

A reef manta ray with a wingspan of 12 feet, cruising the waters off West Maui. Photo: Mark Deakos Page 11

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Alakaina August Spotlight: Carrice Gardner, Former Governor Liaison

By Char Ravelo Be open to the possibilities.

Born and raised in Kilauea, Kaua‘i’s Northshore, Carrice Gardner never imagined herself working for the governor of Hawai‘i as the Kaua‘i representative. In her youth, she didn’t know such a job existed, and likewise, for her next adventure as a Stakeholder Relations Manager in a large company. Today, as a successful professional women, wife and mother of a 6-yearold daughter, she looks back in

wonderment – how did she get here?

As a young person, Carrice was involved in the Hawai‘i State Student Council and various clubs. Her curiosity took her to researching the history of current events, what occurred leading up it, how governments and communities addressed issues, and the processes of how certain laws and rules were implemented.

After graduating from Pepperdine University with a political science degree, Carrice’s first job in the banking industry did not suit her, but she was committed to learning by doing her best. This stick-to-itiveness opened doors to her dream job in a prestigious company as marketing and business development specialist. She was in San Francisco, Calif. for 10 years before being called home to help her family. As time passed, Carrice rediscovered the specialness of Kaua‘i and fell back in love with it. Her interested in the community grew, and she wanted to be a part of it. “This is my island home. I care about it and want to help where I can,” she said.

Priceless Support Unofficial mentors are people who are not assigned to this role, yet they take time and interest to help others to grow. Encouragers are people who give hope to others in the workplace. Carrice credits two women who recognized her drive and genuine desire to accomplish more than expected. They gave her guidance and confidence to navigate challenging situations. She hopes to give back in the same way, and invites all professionals to help others to succeed through a unique and valuable connection.

Leadership Style Carrice developed her leadership style by observing respected leaders and emulating their qualities. She was most impressed by an island leader who dealt with an extremely contentious situation and admired his “hot seat behavior.” He did not hide from the people, he listened, was calm and spoke with aloha. She learned then that Kauai is a small community. “It is important to communicate in a way that people will hear you. Be open and listen. Know your community or group to better address their concerns and issues, seek to understand where they are coming from. You can never overcommunicate, be kind and use discernment when responding genuinely and truthfully,” Carrice said.

As the Governor’s liaison she was frequently in front of Kaua‘i’s leaders.

Naturally shy, she joined the LK annual adult program. Being with peers who were in the same boat increased her speaking skills and courage to broach difficult conversations. Her LK experience was far more than she ever anticipated it would be.

Valuable Advice for Professionals and Working Mothers I feel it’s important to pray and be willing to listen, but also to work hard and give 100 percent in everything you do – it’s all a learning experience.

Do something you are interested in and passionate about. Figure out what you’re good at doing, where your talents are. You’ll enjoy your work so much more and be better at it.

If you don’t know your passion or talents right away, it’s ok. Try new things.

Each job you have can shed light on what those things are. I never knew specifically what I wanted to be when I “grew up” (and still don’t). It was always changing and evolves with each job experience but I’m excited about where I am now and what ’s ahead.

Other advice for working mothers: Do your best. It can be a juggling act but when you have time with your child, make sure you give them your full attention (as much as possible). Put down your cell phone, stop checking emails and put a timer on your social media. Let them know they’re important by giving them the time you do have.

Be open to the possibilities in life, every experience can be a learning one and you never know where you might wind up in this journey. ~ Carrice Gardner, LK 2019

• Char Ravelo is the Executive Director of Leadership Kaua‘i, and can be contacted at info@leadershipkauai.org or (808) 246-8727. Leadership Kaua‘i Class of 2023 starts Sept. 16-17, 2022. Visit www.leadershipkauai.org for applications.

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Since its inception in 2003, Leadership Kaua‘i, a 501 (c)(3) non-profit dedicated to cultivating strong and committed leaders on Kaua‘i. We do this by engaging a cross-section of youth and adults from diverse backgrounds, and developing their leadership skills to serve our community collaboratively.

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Lawai Beach Resort

TWO GREAT REASONS TO LISTEN TO FM97 RADIO.

240-5100 • www.lawaibeach.org Centrally located all-inclusive private apartments, restaurant style meals, housekeeping, utilities, transportation, 24-hr staffing, activities, wellness program, and emergency call system.

BB Choi Ron Wood

Kauai’s ONLY Independent Retirement and Assisted Living Community

Call 246-4449 for a tour www.regency-pacific.com

Craig Sadamitsu welcomes you to

Me Time Massage & Bodywork 808-245-8880

When not on the golf course, Ron Wood “gets you up” in the morning, while B B Choi “drives you home” at night. Plus, get the latest news, play fun contests and enjoy the best music around. Guaranteed.

locally owned & operated

therapeutic massage pain management body treatmets

metimekauai.com

Still Kauai’s 1st Radio Choice.

30’ Zodiac Raft Kauai’s Best Dolphin Watch !

The Only Raft Company Touring the Entire Na Pali Coast

808.742.6331

www.NaPaliRiders.com

Not only the best day of your vacation, but possibly one of the best days in your life!

Snorkel Pristine Reefs

*conditions permitting

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Explore Sea Caves