港式建筑极限 Limitless HongKong Architecture by Francis Chuah

港式建筑极限 LIMIT-LESS

HONG KONG

ARCHITECTURE

CHUAH KOK SHENG

目录 02 04 06 10 16 22 28 30 34 38 40 46

CONTENTS

PERSONAL INFO DAY 01 DAY 02 DAY 03 DAY 04 DAY 05 DAY 06 DAY 07 DAY 08 DAY 09 DAY 10 CONCLUDE

简介

PERSONAL INFO

尖沙咀

D AY 0 1

Ts i m S h a Ts u i is a cape on the tip of the Kowloon Peninsula pointing towards Victoria H a r b o u r, o p p o s i t e C e n t r a l . S e v e r a l v i l l a g e s h a d been established in this location before Kowloon w a s c e d e d t o t h e B r i t i s h E m p i r e i n 1 8 6 0 . Ts i m S h a Ts u i i n C h i n e s e m e a n s s h a r p s a n d s p i t . I t w a s a l s o k n o w n a s H e u n g P o Ta u ( 香埗頭 ) , a p o r t for exporting incense tree. It is a major tourist hub in metropolitan Hong Kong, with many high-end shops and restaurants that cater to tourists. Many of Hong Kong's museums are located in the area. A HYPER DENSITY CITY

A room with maximum occupants that will cause uncomfortable movement, unventilated spaces and accessible problem.

HOMMY INN

尖沙咀

Our accomodation for first 5 days is Hommy Inn,

located in Ts i m S h a Ts u i . A hyper density c i t y, a c i t y w i t h c o n d e n s e h i g h r i s e b u i l d i n g a r rangement. To r e s o l v e o v e r d e n s i t y , a l l t h e b u i l d i n g w e r e b u i l t h i g h . H o w e v e r, a h i g h r i s e b u i l d i n g i s n o t enough as a solution, Thus, some of the builidng

are built OUTWARD - a c a n t i l e v e r structure. The building are extend to maximise based on l o c a l b u i l d i n g l a w s a n d s t r u c t u r a l c a p a b i l i t y.

Architecture that seek, explore and extend not to interact with urban context but to extend profit gained.

HIGH CANTILEVER BUILDING

D AY 0 2

ĺą? ĺąą

P i n g s h a n i s a n a r e a i n t h e N e w Te r r i t o r i e s , H o n g K o n g . A d m i n i s t r a t i v e l y, i t i s p a r t o f t h e Yu e n L o n g D i s t r i c t . T h e a r e a r e m a i n s largely rural and villages spreads in the area. Ts u i S i n g L a u P a g o d a a n d s e a s h o r e w a s o n c e splendid picture surviving till early 20th cent u r y. P i n g S h a n l a t e r b e c a m e l a n d l o c k e d d u e to sedimentation along the estuary in water north.

PAST . HERITAGE

D AY 0 2

Wa n C h a i is one of the busiest commercial areas in Hong Kong with offices of many small and medium-sized companies. Wan Chai North features office towers, parks, hotels and an international conference and exhibition centre. As one of the first areas developed in Hong Kong, the locale is densely populated yet with noticeable residential z o n e s f a c i n g u r b a n d e c a y. ,

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PRESENT . DEVELOPED

西九龙

D AY 0 3

West part of Kowloon

was until recently not so well developed, and the was hardly any skyscrapers in Kowloon at all. But since 2010, Interntional Commerce Center (ICC) stands 484m tall as Hong Kong's tallest b u i l d i n g . I t h a s 1 0 8 - 11 8 f l o o r s d e p e n d i n g o n how you count. ICC is part of the huge Union Square project that also includes the Kowloon Station, residential skyscrapers such as complexes Sorrento, Cullinan and The Arch, the luxury Elements Mall and new roads.

ARCHIPELAGO ON THE LAND

The a r c h i p e l a g o o n t h e l a n d of Hong Kong. It refer as a city what surrounded by undeveloped land. The planning is one of the kind as it create a contrast with surrounding in between developed and undeveloped context. This area is different from other part of Hong Kong as it is consider as high end residential and commercial area, however the surrounding is not fully develop as tsim sha tsui. It is like an city island surrounded by sea.

西九龙

ARCHIPELAGO ON THE LAND

D AY 0 3

Resident Activity Flow

Tourist Activity Flow

An Archipelago within a masterplan. A private and public b e t w e e n r e s i d e n t s a n d t o u r i s t s a r e w e l l p l a n . To w e r s a r e private for residential and office while podium and park are public usable. The system will filter and control the activity flow as an archipelago.

Wasteland

维多利亚港

V i c t o r i a H a r b o u r is a natural landform harbour situated between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon in Hong Kong. The harbour's deep, sheltered waters and strategic location on the South China Sea were instrumental in Hong Kong's establishment as a British colony and its subsequent development as trading centre. H o n g K o n g C u l t u r a l C e n t r e is a m u l t i p u r p o s e p e r f o r m a n c e f a c i l i t y i n Ts i m S h a Ts u i , H o n g K o n g . L o c a t e d a t S a l i s b u r y R o a d , i t was built by the former Urban Council and, since 2000, has been administered by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government.

A HARBOUR WITHOUT REST

D AY 0 3

A Concert Hall, with 2,019 seats, is an oval two-tiered auditorium finished with high quality oak, and includes an adjustable acoustic canopy and curtains. It houses an 8,000-pipe pipe organ, the largest in Asia, built by Austrian firm Rieger Orgelbau. A Grand Theatre, with 1,734 seats in three tiers, was designed for large scale opera, ballet, and musicals. The Hong Kong Film Award presentation ceremony also takes place there. A Studio Theatre, with 300 to 496 seats depending upon the set-up, can accommodate smaller-scale theatre and performance works.

九龙城区

K o w l o o n C i t y D i s t r i c t is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is located in the city of Kowloon. It had a population of 381,352 in 2001. The district has the third most educated residents while its residents enjoy the highest income in Kowloon. H K P o l y t e c h n i c U n i v e r s i t y is an architetcure that built based on the topograp h y. T h e m u l t i - l e v e l l a n d e n a b l e a d i f f e r e n t e x perince for activity and viewing of surrounding. architecture is not only for function but to enhance the mother nature.

HK POLYU SCHOOL OF DESIGN by Zaha Hadid

D AY 0 4

石夹尾

S h e k K i p M e i is an area in New Kowloon, to the northeast of the Kowloon Peninsula of Hong Kong. It borders Sham Shui Po and K o w l o o n To n g . From rickety squatter huts, to pioneering public housing and 21st century flats, Shek Kip Mei Housing Estate has witnessed a fascinating transformation over the past 60 years.

M e i H o H o u s e once formed part of this estate, Hong Kong’s oldest public housing complex. Of a total of 29 concrete blocks built in 1954 to re-home thousands affected by a recent fire, Mei Ho House is the only one still s t a n d i n g t o d a y, a n d i s a n e x a m p l e o f t h e now-rare H-block shape (two residential wings linked by communal facilities)

PAST = PRESENT

D AY 0 4

旺角女人街

D AY 0 4

M o n g K o k is one of the major shopping areas in Hong Kong. The area is characterized by a mixture of old and new multi-story buildings, with shops and restaurants at street level, and commercial or residential units above. Major industries in Mong Kok are retail, restaurants (including fast food) and entertainment. With its extremely high population density of 130,000/km2 or 340,000 per square mile, Mong Kok was described as the busiest district in the world by the Guinness World Records.

Ladies’ Market

with over 100 stalls of bargain clothing, accessories and souvenirs, the Ladies’ Market on Tung Choi Street provides a one-kilometre stretch on which to practise your haggling skills.The street market is one of the culture in HOng Kong that tourist can find something within its crowded aisles.

MINIMALIST ARCHITECTURE

彩虹

Choi Hung Estate

彩虹邨 is one of the oldest public housing estates in Hong Kong. It i s l o c a t e d i n t h e W o n g Ta i S i n D i s t r i c t o f K o w loon. The estate was built by the former Hong Kong Housing Authority and is now managed by t h e c u r r e n t H o n g K o n g H o u s i n g A u t h o r i t y. I t r e ceived a Silver Medal at the 1965 Hong Kong Institute of Architects Annual Awards

Choi Hung Estate is a successful architecture rebirth. A complex consists of carparks, gardening platform and basketball courts. Basketball court are raise upward to allow installation of carparks. The facilities are shared by surrounding buildings. This is one of the method to resolve insufficient land and at the same time remain the context between buildings.

D AY 0 5

A REBIRTH IN ARCHITECTURE

黄大仙

T h e Ta o i s t t e m p l e , W o n g Ta i S i n at C h u k Yu e n Vi l l a g e i n K o w l o o n i s H o n g K o n g ’s busiest and probably best known temple with o v e r 1 0 , 0 0 0 v i s i t o r s e a c h d a y. T h e t e m p l e g o d , W o n g Ta i S i n , a l s o k n o w n a s H u a n g C h u - p i n g , heals the wounded, saves the dying and punishes evil and is worshipped by not only the sick but by people with business problems. The temple, which is adorned with ornate Chinese architecture, provides a tranquil environment amongst the surrounding high-rise buildings.

URBAN VOID IN CITY

D AY 0 5

Hong Kong, a hyper density city is lack of buildable land.

H o w e v e r, U r b a n V o i d i s still exist in Hong Kong. Those area can be historical site, religion building and u r b a n p a r k . W o n g Ta i S i n i s one of the urban void that balance the nature context in a h y p e r d e n s e c i t y. I t a c t a s a platform to connect the locals, tourists and slow down the busy life of Hong Kong.

九龙寨城公园

D AY 0 5

K o w l o o n Wa l l e d C i t y P a r k is a historical park in Hong Kong. The Kowloon Walled City was demolished in the 1990s while the indigenous buildings and features were preserved for incorporation in the new park. The Kowloon Walled City Park is designed as a J i a n g n a n g a r d e n o f t h e e a r l y Q i n g d y n a s t y. T h e park, 31,000 square metres in total, is divided into eight theme zones with their own charact e r i s t i c s c e n e r y, m a t c h i n g w i t h t h e s t y l e o f t h e whole park. The design was awarded a Diploma at the IGO Stuttgart EXPO 93 (International Garden Exposition).

K o w l o o n Wa l l e d C i t y was a largely ungoverned, densely populated settlement in Kowloon City in Hong Kong. Its population increased dramatically following the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong during World War II. By 1990, the Walled City contained 50,000 residents[1] within its 2.6-hectare (6.4-acre) bor ders. From the 1950s to the 1970s, it was controlled by local triads and had high rates of prostitution, gambling and drug abuse. LIFE IN THE CITY OF DARKNESS

九龙公园

D AY 0 6

K o w l o o n P a r k is a large public park in Ts i m S h a Ts u i , K o w l o o n , H o n g K o n g w i t h a n area of 13.3 hectares (33 acres). Kowloon park with plenty of greenery are crowded with tourist and locals on public holid a y. T h e w i n d y a n d s h a d y e n v i r o n m e n t i s s u i t able for family activities and picnic.

THE DAY BEFORE CHRISTMAS

A function of public road can be redefine based on time to time situation. A road turn into walkway can prevent overcrowded condi tion. A temporary refunction is what enhance Hong Kong over density population.

Normal Day Road Usage

Public Holiday Road Usage

铜锣湾

C a u s e w a y B a y is a heavily built-up area of Hong Kong, located on Hong Kong Island, and covering parts of Wan Chai District. The rent in the shopping areas of Causeway Bay was ranked as the world's most expens i v e f o r t h e s e c o n d y e a r i n a r o w.

TRANSPORT: MOVABLE BUILDING

D AY 0 7

Transportation

Hong

Kong

can

seem as M o v a b l e Building. Most of the transport in HK is double l e v e l . T h i s i s t o o c c u p y m o r e p a s s e n g e r, to deal with high population. Hong Kong have the highest usage of car per every kilometer of road. Thus, it have to challenge the limit of transport a t i o n t o c r e a t e p o s i b i l i t y.

铜锣湾

C a u s e w a y B a y is one of Hong Kong's major shopping districts. It includes the 13-storey Japanese department store Sogo,

Times Square, and H y are also smaller malls.

There

Causeway Bay is one of the most crowded areas in Hong Kong since it contains many trendy shops carrying both locally made fashion and products from Japan, Europe and the United States. As such, it is a popular social spot for young people. Many shops are open until well after midnight.

SUSTAINABLE DENSITY

D AY 0 7

san Place.

High Density Challenge: C o m p l e x Ve r t i c a l C i r c u lation The 29 lifts and the many escalators in Hysan Place serve as main connective tissues between the streets, MTR, mall and office. The complexity of vertical circulation allows urban windows and high headroom event-space to evolve, orchestrating a unique symphony for the vibrant eventscapes of t h e c i t y. Urban Windows: Making Large Openings Several large openings at lower levels act as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;urban windowsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; to enhance natural air ventilation and improve the micro-climate in the neighborhood, while also lessening the wall effect and retaining v i s u a l p e r m e a b i l i t y.

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How to create the most effective architecture? Hong Kong architecture had challenge the impossible, a building is pull to its limit with minimal base area. A small base with maximum p r o g r a m c a p a c i t y. Most of the land that consider useless such as corner lots is not even a waste at Hong Kong. It had redefine the border of an architecture. Every pieces of land turn into a building which create a

Super Thin Architecture.

SUPER THIN ARCHITECTURE

D AY 0 8

湾仔太原街

Wan Chai Ta i Y u e n S t r e e t M a r k e t is one of Hong Kong cultural attraction. This market has traditionally been a toy market, a remnant of the days when Hong Kong was into toy manufacturing and has kept going strong and now with more traders setting up stalls for fashion, pop culture items, festive decorations, costumes, board games, and even local snacks. Architecture is not only surrounded by skyscrapers but to personalize context within skyscrapers. A shop is located infront of a shop, a new kind of method to define a space. A space with different function between day and night without affect the existing economy of the street. Space with multi-function is how Hong Kong type of architecture was born.

SHOPS INFRONT OF SHOPS

D AY 0 8

建筑构思

D AY 0 9

A day of sharing and working with Hong Kong

architects firm, O n e B i t e S t u d i o to explore the characteristic of Central, Hong Kong. An observation on the possible improve weakness, such as negative spaces, odd spaces and narrow back lane. How to recreate the function of hiding architecture features? The ideas is to enhance those features which it will connect each others and lead others to explore hidden architecture in Hong Kong.

RETHINK RECREATE REBIRTH

Some urban parks and historical landscaping are surrounded by high rise buildings. A refunction backlane or abandon staircase can be useful to relocate the population towards those hidden architecture spaces.

ONE BITE STUDIO

HK 38

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C e n t r a l previously known as Victoria, this is 'downtown' Hong Kong. Head north towards the harbour and you will find modern buildings s u c h a s t h e I F C s h o p p i n g m a l l . A l t e r n a t i v e l y, make your way uphill towards the mountain and you will encounter some of the oldest parts of Hong Kong. The gap between skyscrapers and the topograhy at Central have create left over spaces. Those left over space is used as street market. The market is not limit by the slope but it adapt the steep land as part of its stalls. In Hong Kong, topography is not a challenge but a endless possibility to redefine architecture.

NEVER ENDING ESCALATOR

D AY 1 0

An umbrella and a table can become a stalls, some umbrella and some trolleys can become a mini market. A combination that create new function. An umbrella and a table which can be keep easily will save the spaces for installing permanaent stalls.It help to set up in narrow and steep topography in Central, Hong Kong.

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C e n t r a l is the central business district of Hong Kong. As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates general and consulates of many countries are also located in this area. T h e F o r u m redevelopment is a holistic design integrating the new office building with its surrounding and thereby revitalising the entire Exchange Square development. The new addition visually and physically opens up the site and creates a new element which is comfortable within its surroundings. The building design is inspired by precious gems. Its form gently leans back and opens up from the plaza to a grand double height lobby s p a c e a n d c o v e r e d w a l k w a y. A s a G r a d e - A office in the heart of the Central district, the column-free office interior with 2.9 metres of floor-to-ceiling space evokes a tailor made environment with ample natural daylight from all elevations.

D AY 1 0

THE FORUM

BY AEDAS

采石湾

D AY 1 0

Yi k C h e o n g B u i l d i n g or Monster Building is one of Hong Kong’s most dense and stacked flats. It known as the ‘Monster Building’ for its conglomeration of five incredibly dense and stacked residential complexes, Yik Cheong Building and Montane Mansion are well

known locations in Q u a r r a y B a y . A perf e c t r e f l e c t i o n o f c i t y ’ s f a m e d u r b a n d e n s i t y, the photogenic architecture has also been featured Hollywood blockbusters including Ghost in the Shell and Transformers: Age of Extinction. An E-shaped architecture complex which is seen as a giant architecture. Under the courty a r d , f e e l t h e d e n s i t y o f t h e c i t y. H o w h i g h d e n sity population concentrated in such a small area. An architecture that gives an illusion of a b i g p r i s o n i f n o t l o o k i n g u p a t t h e s k y.

MONSTER IN ARCHITECTURE

总结

D AY 1 - 5

总结

D AY 6 - 1 1

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