Power distance
Part # 1 Economies with high power distance. Part # 2 Economies with low power distance.
Part # 1 Economies with high power distance
Gap between the richest 10% and the poorest 10% of the population Place
Gap
Mexico
26:1
USA
16:1
Italy
11:1
Japan
10:1
Canada
9:1
UK
9:1
OECD on average
9:1
Germany
8:1
France
6:1
Nordic countries
5-6:1
http://www.oecd.org/document/14/0,3343,en_2649_33933_41533262_1_1_1_1,00.html
http://www.dni.gov/nic/PDF_2025/2025_Global_Trends_Final_Report.pdf
Income distribution
http://www.economicsofinformation.com/2011/05/inequality-is-growing-around-world.html
Mid-1980s to late 2000s
In the UK, the 1% of the population with the highest earnings earn 15% of all income in the UK. That makes the UK – by far – the most unequal country in Europe. http://youtu.be/IO-641S7N14
http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_wilkinson.html
Increase in income inequality in China
http://issuu.com/0xfam/docs/oxfam-bp-working-for-few-political-/7?e=1574349/6403563
Reduction in income inequality in Brazil
http://www.economist.com/blogs/dailychart/2011/11/focus?fsrc=scn/tw/te/dc/brazil
Low access to financial services in households in Africa
http://www.weforum.org/pdf/AFCR09/AFCR09_full_report.pdf
http://a330.g.akamai.net/7/330/25828/20081021185552/graphics.eiu.com/PDF/Democracy%20Index%202008.pdf
Several authoritarian regimes in Africa
Severe income disparity is a very high global risk
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalRisks_Report_2013.pdf
Authoritarian regimes with high risk of political revolt
http://viewswire.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=VWArticleVW3&article_id=1777812562
http://www.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=infographics&info_name=infographic_democracy
Democracy around the world
Democracy
Freedom of the press 2014
http://www.freedomhouse.org/report-types/freedom-press
Green = free Purple = Not free
Percentages of respondents who chose freedom of speech as the first national goal range from 36.6% in the Netherlands to 1.5% in Russia. Hofstede, Geert: Cultures and Organizations, p. 295.
The 7 countries with the most corruption
http://www.transparency.org/cpi
Corruption perceptions index 2013
http://www.transparency.org/cpi
Work The boss is seen as the source of ultimate responsibility in business.
Education Teachers are called gurus and are viewed as the source of all knowledge. Family The patriarch, usually the father, is considered the leader of the family. http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/india-country-profile.html
Within companies manual labour will only be carried out by the peon (roughly equivalent to a runner). It is not uncommon for the moving of a desk to take hours. This is because no-one in the office will carry out the task but the peon. http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/etiquette/doing-business-india.html
Religiosity and wealth
http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID=258
Is religion an important part of your life?
http://www.gallup.com/poll/142727/Religiosity-Highest-World-Poorest-Nations.aspx#1
Is religion an important part of your life?
http://www.gallup.com/poll/142727/Religiosity-Highest-World-Poorest-Nations.aspx#1
In France, hierarchy is important.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-11-09/how-sanofi-boss-saw-story-end-in-60-hours-in-board-tussle.html
Richard Putnam’s work on the cities of Italy asked why the northern cities had prospered while the southern cities had decayed. His research showed this:
Northern cities Based on wide, horizontal networks of trust and reciprocity. Southern cities Were in the vice grip of authoritarian hierarchies that squeezed out individual initiative and created distrust between citizens. Source: Gratton, Lynda: Hot Spots, p. 188.
It is estimated that the top 1.5% of the Roman empire controlled approximately 20% of total income. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7246320
At the time of Augustus, 1st century, as many as 35% of the people in Italy were slaves. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire
There are about 27 million slaves in the world today
Sources Kevin Bales: How to combat modern slavery. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUM2rCIUdeI Bales, Kevin: Why there are 27 million slaves in 2010. http://bigthink.com/ideas/24524
Part # 2 Economies with low power distance
http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_wilkinson.html
http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_wilkinson.html
The lower income inequality, the fewer social problems
http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_wilkinson.html
http://pasisahlberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Jakarta-Talk-2013.pdf
http://www.nccr-democracy.uzh.ch/news_events/image/Demokratiebarometer_Europa_D.pdf
The 10 countries with highest quality of democracy
http://www.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=infographics&info_name=infographic_democracy
Democracy around the world
Freedom of the press 2014
http://www.freedomhouse.org/report-types/freedom-press
Green = free Purple = Not free
The 5 countries with the least corruption
http://www.transparency.org/cpi
Corruption perceptions index 2013
http://www.transparency.org/cpi
Is religion an important part of your life?
http://www.gallup.com/poll/142727/Religiosity-Highest-World-Poorest-Nations.aspx#1
Few religious people in Scandinavia, Japan, and UK
http://www.gallup.com/poll/114211/Alabamians-Iranians-Common.aspx
Studies show that economic development initially leads to increased power distance due to urbanization and increased saving among the upper class.
Over time, however, government policy, entrepreneurial activities, and technological change drive economic development and a decline in power distance. http://www.na-businesspress.com/jabe/coxweb12-6.pdf
Power distance
http://www.na-businesspress.com/jabe/coxweb12-6.pdf
GDP per capita
Further sources of inspiration http://jom.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/03/24/0149206314527131.full.pdf http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/top-earners-capturing-growing-share-of-total-income-in-many-countries.htm https://www.scribd.com/doc/35468260/Individualism http://www.slideshare.net/frankcalberg/3-ways-of-organizing http://www.slideshare.net/frankcalberg/power-to-the-people-34722633 http://topincomes.g-mond.parisschoolofeconomics.eu/ http://youtu.be/-S9MoeN8COI http://youtu.be/sqaa42gbqhA
Thank you for your interest. For further inspiration and personalized services, feel welcome to visit http://frankcalberg.com/ Have a great day.