How Does Your Air Conditioner Work? Lots of people believe a central air conditioner is complicated and hard to work on. Actually they are very basic in their operations and figuring out how they work doesn't take much at all. There are 3 main parts of an air conditioner. There are 2 external parts known as the compressor and condenser, and the internal part, which is the evaporator. They all three work in unison to pump air in, cool it down, and evaporate water that's formed during this cooling process. You have to add Freon, a cooling liquid, to your compressor. Freon is used for both cooling and heating. The compressor squeezes the Freon and forces it into a gaseous state (a really hot state). That heat is forced from the system by a rotating fan. Now the Freon goes back to its former liquid state, cooling down super-quick. This cool air gets pumped into your room while the rotating fan makes sure the hot air gets forced out. With this happening, your central air conditioning unit cools your room down very quickly