Let’s Talk Safety: Jackhammer Safety

This column addresses safety issues of interest to water and wastewater personnel, and will appear monthly in the magazine. The Journal is also interested in receiving any articles on the subject of safety that it can share with readers in the “Spotlight on Safety” column.

Jackhammer Safety

One of the most powerful tools used in the water utility industry is the jackhammer, which is designed to break asphalt, concrete, and rocks. Without proper training and personal protective equipment (PPE), workers can inflict serious injury to their feet and other parts of the body, as well as injure others nearby, while operating this tool.

Differences in Jackhammer Types

There are two types of jackhammers: the pneumatic drill and the electric drill. While they do the same job, each machine runs differently than the other.

The electric jackhammer is often used for small jobs, such as breaking concrete and making small holes in the ground. This jackhammer is powered by plugging it into an electrical socket. There are various models of electric jackhammers, which come in different watts and amps.

A pneumatic jackhammer is powered by air. A rubber hose connects it to a compressor that pumps air into the jackhammer. The compressor is run by gasoline. This jackhammer is small enough to be portable so it can go to all worksites, but is great for big jobs and construction areas.

Before Operation

Before operating any kind of jackhammer, consider the following precautions: S Always wear proper PPE, which includes eye protection; long sleeve clothing; sturdy full-length pants; steel-toe boots or shoes; respiratory, head, and hearing protection; and safety gloves. S Know how to safely operate the supply compressor—especially in emergencies. S Place the compressor as far as possible from the work area to reduce the level of noise. S Regularly inspect the jackhammer and other necessary tools for defects or damage. S Check that components are complete, securely in place (or tightened), and in good condition. Do this before every shift or start of operation. S Check air hoses for breaks, cracks, and worn or damaged couplings. S Ensure that the rating of the hose is sufficient for the job intended. S Inspect the electrical cord for frays, wear, and other signs of damage. S Inspect the tool’s breaking point. Never use a broken or cracked point.

During Operation

Stay safe when operating a drill by doing the following: S Sling the electrical cord onto your shoulder when in use to prevent it from accidentally swerving, which can cause electrocution. S Always use the proper-weight jackhammer for the job. For your back’s sake, try to use a lighter jackhammer as much as possible. S Always lift the tool jackhammer properly by using your legs. This method helps you avoid back strain or injury. S Use the proper jackhammer point for the material to be broken: rock point for rocks, spade point for asphalt, chisel point for concrete. S When moving the jackhammer from place to place during operation, place your hand between the handle and the operating lever. S Always operate the tool at a slight angle with it leaning back toward you. This way, you prevent the point from getting stuck in the material and the tool from getting out of control. S Shut off the air supply and relieve pressure from the supply hose before changing tool points. Do the same when leaving the jackhammer unattended. S Immediately remove defective or malfunctioning jackhammers and other