Kidsville News! January 2019

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Hamilton

© source image by Pipiten - Flickr

Alexander Hamilton was a patriot and one of America’s Founding Fathers. He was born in the British West Indies. His father was Scottish, and his mother was French. Hamilton helped write the Federalist Papers (a collection of articles and essays in favor of ratifying the U.S. Constitution.) He helped found the first national bank and the U.S. Mint, which prints dollars and makes coins.

Hamilton did not sign the Declaration of Independence, but he did serve as George Washington’s assistant during the Revolutionary War. Hamilton died of a gunshot wound that he got in a duel.

Hamilton had such an interesting life that it was turned into a musical. It’s based on a book called “Alexander Hamilton,” which was published in 2004 by historian Ron Chernow. The play is called “Hamilton: An American Musical.” The music and

the musical

lyrics are by Lin-Manuel Miranda and include hip hop, R&B, pop, soul and traditional show tunes.

The musical debuted in February of 2015. It was such a big hit that by August of the same year, it was playing on Broadway in New York City. Broadway is known for the high quality of its professional performances.

“Hamilton” has gone on to win 11 Tony awards, including Best Musical. It also won a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album and a Pulitzer Prize for drama. The show is currently on tour around the country.

The production also includes many other Founding Fathers who knew and worked with Hamilton, including Aaron Burr (who shot and killed Hamilton in a duel), George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.

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• KIDSVILLE NEWS • 3

F

ounding a country doesn’t just happen.

It takes a lot of work and a lot of people working together to make it happen.

At least that’s how America got started.

While there are many who contributed to taking the idea of freedom and turning it into the country we love today, there are some names that stand out – they are known as the Founding Fathers.

George Washington

Here is a list of 10 Founding Fathers from the

“Gallery of Greats” John Adams

John Adams was a lawyer. He was known for being cranky, and he loved to write. Adams was the first vice president of the United States and the second president, serving from 1797-1801.

George Washington led the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. He was able to keep troops motivated during terrible conditions, helping to win the war. He was also a farmer — and our country’s first president. When Washington served, the United States was much different than it is today. There were 11 states and 4 million people. Today, we have 50 states and more than 325 million people. www.britannica.com

www.history.com

James Madison

Alexander Hamilton

Benjamin Franklin

Samuel Adams

Samuel Adams was born in Boston. He founded a newspaper in 1748 and became interested in politics at an early age. In 1774, Adams was attended the First Continental Congress, where he said the colonies should declare independence from Britain.

Patrick Henry

Benjamin Franklin did not have a formal education, but he was a remarkable man. He was a statesman, author, publisher, scientist, inventor and diplomat. He helped draft the Declaration of Independence in 1776. In 1783, he negotiated the Treaty of Paris, which ended the Revolutionary War.

Thomas Jefferson

Alexander Hamilton was not born in America – he was born in the British West Indies. He moved to the colonies when he was a teenager and went on to help write the Federalist Papers (a collection of articles and essays in favor of ratifying the U.S. Constitution.) He helped found the first national bank and the U.S. Mint, which prints dollars and makes coins.

John Marshall

Patrick Henry was the first governor of Virginia.

He was a wonderful speaker and played a big part in the American Revolution. He is famous for a speech he gave in 1775, saying, “Give me liberty, or give me death!” Although he supported America’s fight for independence from Britain, Henry thought the Constitution gave the national government too much power.

Thomas Jefferson not only helped write the Declaration of Independence, he also served as the governor of Virginia and the U.S. Secretary of State. He served as president from 18011809. During that time, the U.S. purchased the Louisiana territory, and he sent Lewis and Clark to explore it. He also helped found the University of Virginia.

George Mason George Mason was a firm believer in freedom for everyone. He was so serious about it that he insisted the Virginia Constitution (which he wrote) and the U.S. Constitution protected liberties for individuals.

James Madison wrote the first drafts of the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, earning him the nickname “Father of the Constitution.” He was also America’s fourth president and led the country into the War of 1812 against Great Britain.

John Marshall served as a soldier in the Revolutionary War. In 1780, he became a lawyer after studying law for just six weeks. He served in congress and in 1801, President John Adams made Madison Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

4 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

His draft of the Virginia Constitution influenced the Declaration of Independence as well as many state constitutions written around the same time. He was one of the founders of the city of Alexandria, Virginia, and was a leader of the Virginia Patriots as the American Revolution kicked off.

How to help kids learn to love reading

R

eading is a passion for many people. But even avid readers may not know just how far back their love of reading stretches.

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, children who find pleasure in reading have the potential to become lifelong readers. In addition, studies have shown that reading to children can help kids become familiar with sounds, words and language, helping them in their earliest stages of cognitive development. So adults who love books might be able to trace their passion for page-turners to those times their mothers and fathers read aloud to them as youngsters.

Parents who want to their children to learn to love reading can rely on various techniques to accomplish that goal.

• Make reading a routine.

Routine is a necessity for parents, helping children learn when it’s time to eat, play and go to sleep, among other things.

Parents can include reading to their children as part of their daily routines. As noted, doing so will promote language skills and cognitive development while also acclimating children to books and providing valuable time for them to bond with their parents.

• Create a distraction-free reading environment. When reading to children, parents can create an environment with little to no distractions. This allows kids to focus on their parents’ voices as well as the story they’re being told. Parents can turn off the television and the radio when reading to their kids.

In addition, moms and dads should leave smartphones or tablets in another room so they aren’t distracted by alerts or tempted to check for incoming messages or emails.

• Read aloud together. Some children may shy away from reading if they struggle in their initial efforts to read. That does not mean kids won’t ultimately enjoy reading, it just means a little more effort may be required on parents’ part to help kids overcome any issues they have.

Reading aloud to children can help little ones learn how to become good readers, as they will learn how to pronounce words and form sentences.

Kids who know how to read can be encouraged to read to their parents, which can instill self-esteem. If kids struggle with certain words or sentences when reading aloud, parents can read those words and/or sentences aloud to them and ask them to repeat the phrases back.

• Let kids pick their own books.

When reading to youngsters, whether they’re babies, toddlers or already in school, parents can let sons and daughters choose their own books. Children might be especially enthusiastic about reading if they’re allowed to choose their own books and stories.

Reading can benefit children from the earliest stages of their lives all the way through adulthood. Parents can take various steps to foster a love of reading in their children.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 5

In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 58 crew members Anne McClain of NASA (left), Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos (center) and David SaintJacques of the Canadian Space Agency (right) pose for pictures Nov. 29 in front of the Soyuz MS-11 spacecraft during a final vehicle fit check.

Credits: NASA/Victor Zelentsov

Anne McClain What’s It like to Be an International Space Station Crew Member

months conducting hundreds of science investigations in fields such as biology, Earth science, human research, physical sciences and technology development, providing the foundation for continuing human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit to the Moon and Mars. Some of the investigations they will conduct are sponsored by the U.S. National Laboratory on the space station, which Congress designated in 2005 to maximize its use for improving quality of life on Earth. Highlights of upcoming Three crew members are adjusting to life on the International Space investigations include experiments in forest observation, Station after a successful launch and docking of their Russian Soyuz robotic refueling, and satellite deployment.

MS-11 spacecraft, Monday, Dec. 3.

The crew is scheduled to be onboard during the first test The Soyuz, carrying Anne McClain of NASA, David Saint-Jacques flights of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, which will of the Canadian Space Agency and Oleg Konenenko of Roscosmos return human spaceflight launches to U.S. soil. launched at 6:31 a.m. EST (5:31 p.m. Baikonur time) from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. McClain, Saint-Jacques and In March, the station will again return to a full complement Konenenko docked to the space station’s Poisk module at 12:33 of six crew members when they are joined for Expedition p.m. after a four-orbit, six-hour journey, and opened the hatch 59 by NASA astronauts Nick Hague and Christina Koch between the two spacecraft at 2:37 p.m. and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos.

The arrival briefly restores the station’s crew complement to six as they join Serena Auñón-Chancellor of NASA, Expedition 57 Commander Alexander Gerst of ESA (European Space Agency) and Sergey Prokopyev of the Russian space agency Roscosmos.

Auñón-Chancellor, Gerst and Prokopyev are scheduled to remain aboard the station until Dec. 20. Expedition 58 officially begins once the three departing spacefarers undock from the space station.

McClain, Saint-Jacques and Konenenko will spend more than six

She earned a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aeronautical engineering from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. She earned a master’s degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Bath, England, and a master’s degree in international relations from the University of Bristol, also in England.

For more than 18 years, humans have lived and worked continuously aboard the station, advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth that will enable long-duration human and robotic exploration to the Moon and Mars. A global endeavor, more than 200 people from 18 countries have visited the unique microgravity laboratory that has hosted more than 2,500 research investigations from researchers in 106 countries.

This is the first spaceflight for both McClain and SaintJacques and the fourth trip to the space station for Kononenko.

Follow McClain on her space mission at: https://twitter.com/AstroAnnimal

McClain, a native of Spokane, Washington, is a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army. As a senior army aviator, she has logged more than 2,000 hours in 20 different rotary and fixed-wing aircraft.

Get breaking news, images and features from the space station on social media at: https://instagram.com/iss https://www.facebook.com/ISS https://www.twitter.com/Space_Station https://www.twitter.com/ISS_Research

design elements © freepik

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Kidsville Kitchen Chase the chill away with hot soup Few things beat a hot meal on a cold day. Stews and casseroles can fit the bill in such situations, but soup is a go-to solution when looking to warm up.

This recipe for “Tortilla Soup” from “The Complete Mexican, South American & Caribbean Cookbook”

by Jane Milton, Jenni Fleetwood and Marina Filippelli (Metro Books) can be served as an appetizer or light meal. The crispy tortilla strips included in the recipe add extra texture to a delicious dish.

Tortilla Soup

Using a sharp knife, cut each tortilla into four or five strips, each measuring about 3⁄4 inches wide.

Pour vegetable oil to a depth of 3⁄4 inch into a heavy frying pan. Heat until a small piece of tortilla added to the oil floats on the top and bubbles at the edges.

Add a few tortilla strips to the hot oil and fry for a few minutes, until crisp and golden brown all over, turning them occasionally. Remove with a slotted spoon and drain on a double layer of paper towels. Cook the remaining tortilla strips in the same way.

Heat the 1 tablespoon vegetable oil in a large, heavy pan. Add the chopped onion and garlic and cook over medium heat for 2 to 3 minutes, stirring constantly with a wooden spatula, until the onion is soft and translucent. Do not let the garlic turn brown or it will give the soup a bitter taste.

Serves 4 4 1 1 2 1 4

corn tortillas, freshly made or a few days old tablespoon vegetable oil, plus extra for frying small onion, finely chopped garlic cloves, crushed 14-ounce can plum tomatoes, drained cups chicken stock Small bunch cilantro Salt and ground black pepper

Chop the tomatoes using a large, sharp knife and add them to the onion mixture in the pan. Pour in the chicken stock and stir well. Bring to a boil, then lower the heat and let simmer for about 10 minutes, until the liquid has reduced slightly.

Chop the cilantro. Add to the soup, reserving a little to use as a garnish. Season to taste.

Place a few of the crisp tortilla pieces in the bottom of four warmed soup bowls.

Ladle the soup on top. Sprinkle each portion with the reserved chopped cilantro and serve.

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8 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

How to Choose Tech Toys to Help Your Child Develop Crucial Skills

C

hildren today are growing up surrounded by technology from infancy.

But even in a digital world, research has found that it’s crucial for kids to draw on classic play patterns that they have enjoyed for decades ­­— such as cuddling a doll, kicking or throwing a ball and learning to follow the rules of a board game.

The world may have changed in today’s digital age, but playing in classic ways is essential for children to reach healthy physical, cognitive, social and emotional developmental milestones. However, with so many technological toy options, it’s more challenging than ever for parents to choose playthings that kids can understand and that will help them develop critical skills they need to mature.

“In many ways, it’s a Golden Age for children and play. There are more options—physical toys, games, digital devices and content — than ever before. But there’s a downside to more play options. Too many choices make it harder to find high-quality toys ideally suited to a specific child’s needs, interests and abilities,” said David Kleeman, an ambassador with The Genius of Play, a nonprofit initiative dedicated to promoting the importance of play in children’s learning and development.

The solution is to ask yourself some key questions when reviewing toy options, especially those loaded with the latest technologies, say the experts at The Genius of Play. Here are some things to consider that are important for child development:

• Does a doll that’s equipped

with technology change the way your child can play with it? Can the doll still be carried, fed and bathed? If the doll uses artificial intelligence to “communicate” with children, does this guide or restrict the conversation so much that it’s no longer spontaneous or imaginative?

• Does a ball with added technology make it difficult to roll, throw or kick? If so, is it in fact still a ball?

• Does a digital board game make all the decisions so that the players are left watching the computer play?

• Is a screen-based construction app like a bottomless box of pieces with which the child can freely envision and create, or is building limited to a few preprogrammed models?

The benefits of play are numerous, and experts urge parents to return to one main consideration when choosing a new plaything, regardless of the amount of technology it has: what is the child’s contribution versus the value that the toy adds?

More tips and advice for play ideas to help children develop can be found at www.TheGeniusofPlay.org.

By choosing the right toys for your children, you can help them build confidence, creativity, critical thinking and other skills that will serve them throughout their lives.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 9

15¢

33¢

12¢

33¢

18¢

You spent exactly 33¢. Circle the two things that you bought! (blackberries and the kiwi) 15¢ + 18¢ =33¢ 10 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

How many 2s must be multiplied together for the product to be a number between 100 and 200?

Answer (7) Since 2x2x2x2x2x2x2 = 128; six woud not be enough and eight would be too many.

MATH

TIME

By David Prosper

Earthrise, 1968. Note the phase of Earth as seen from the moon. Nearside lunar observers see Earth go through a complete set of phases. However, only orbiting astronauts witness Earthrises; for stationary lunar observers, Earth barely moves at all. Why is that?

Credit: Bill Anders/NASA December marks the 50th anniversary of NASA’s Apollo 8 mission, when humans first orbited the moon in a triumph of human engineering. The mission may be most famous for “Earthrise,” the iconic photograph of Earth suspended over the rugged lunar surface. “Earthrise” inspired the imaginations of people around the world and remains one of the most famous photos ever taken. December also brought a great potential display of the Geminids and a close approach

by Comet 46P/Wirtanen.

Viewers may have noted Apollo 8’s mission milestones while observing the moon in December. There was a nearly full moon rise just before sunset on Dec. 21, exactly 50 years after Apollo 8 launched; it was near the bright orange star Aldebaran in Taurus. The following evenings it passed over the top of Orion and on through Gemini; on those days five decades earlier, astronauts Frank Borman, Jim Lovell and Bill Anders sped toward the moon in their fully crewed command module. The moon rose later each evening, and its phase waned from full, on Dec. 22, to gibbous through the rest of the week. Can you imagine what phase Earth would appear as if you were standing on the moon, looking back? The three brave astronauts spent 20 sleepless hours in orbit around the moon, starting on Dec. 24, 1968. During those 10 orbits, they became the first humans to see with their own eyes both the far side of the moon and an Earthrise. The crew telecast a holiday message on Dec. 25 to a record number of earthbound viewers as they orbited over the lifeless lunar terrain; “Good night, good luck, a merry Christmas and God bless all of you — all of you on the good Earth.”

Fifty years later, we could spot the moon on

these holiday evenings as it traveled through Cancer and Leo. Just two days later, the astronauts splashed down into the Pacific Ocean after achieving all the mission’s test objectives, paving the way for another giant leap in space exploration the following year.

The Geminids, an excellent annual meteor shower, peaked the evening of Dec. 13 through the morning of the 14th. They got their chance to truly shine after a waxing crescent moon set around 10:30 p.m. on the 13th. Expert Geminid observers could spot around 100 meteors per hour under ideal conditions. You could see quite a few meteors by avoiding bad weather and light pollution.

The Geminids have an unusual origin compared to most meteor showers, which generally spring from icy comets. The tiny particles Earth passes through those evenings came from a strange “rock comet” named asteroid 3200 Phaethon.

This dusty asteroid experiences faint outbursts of fine particles of rock instead of ice.

You could have also looked for comet 46P/ Wirtanen while you were out meteor watching.

Its closest approach to Earth brought it within 7.1 million miles of us on Dec. 16. That’s 30 times the average Earth-moon distance. While passing near enough to rank as the 10th closest cometary approach in modern times, there was no danger of this object striking our planet. Cometary brightness is hard to predict, and while there was a chance comet 46P/ Wirtanen might flare up to naked-eye visibility, it likely remained visible only via binoculars or telescopes. Some of the best nights to hunt for it were Dec. 15 and 16 as it passed between two prominent star clusters in Taurus: the Pleiades and the V-shaped Hyades.

Catch up on all of NASA’s past, current and future missions at nasa.gov

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This article is distributed by NASA Night Sky Network The Night Sky Network program supports astronomy clubs across the USA dedicated to astronomy outreach. Visit nightsky.jpl.nasa.org to find local clubs, events, and more!

NASA NIGHT SKY NOTES: OBSERVE APOLLO 8’S LUNAR MILESTONES

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 11

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12 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

COLORING PAGE MONSTER MONDAY: Get geared up for your Monster Jam® adventure by coloring the three Monster Jam trucks shown above.

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium •Competitors MonsterJam.com shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

Supplies: - Crayons, markers or colored pencils - 2 sponges - Black paint - Paper Start by drawing your favorite Monster Jam® truck. With the help of an adult, use scissors to cut your sponges in a circle and then cut out a small hole in the middle of the sponge to resemble a tire. Dip one side of the sponge into your black paint and stamp onto your paper where the wheels should be! Once completely dry, cut out and start your engines!

MONSTER CRAFT

MONSTER MONDAY: El Toro Loco® is one of the most unique Monster Jam® trucks.

Create YOUR own Monster Jam truck and beat the competition all week!

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium • MonsterJam.com Competitors shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

- Monster Jam - Grave Digger - Fans - Monster Mutt - Fun - El Toro Loco - Save - Amazing e - Wheeli - Rollover - Big Air - Smash - Racing - Freestyle - Backflip

WORD SEARCH

TRUCKING TUESDAY: Max-D® is always searching for Monster Jam® victories.

Search the puzzle above for the hidden words.

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium •Competitors MonsterJam.com shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

DESIGN YOUR OWN MONSTER JAM TRUCK ®

TRUCKING TUESDAY: Put your skills to the ultimate test and design your very own Monster Jam® truck. Create a cool body and paint scheme. Don’t forget to give it a great name!

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium • MonsterJam.com Competitors shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

Supplies: - Crisped rice cereal treats - Mini chocolate cookies - Bendable straws

Once you’ve made your crisped rice cereal treats with the help of an adult, cut into small squares. With the help of an adult, use melted marshmallows as glue to attach the wheels (mini chocolate cookies). Bend your straw and stick the ends into the back of your truck and ENJOY!

MONSTER CRAFT

TRUCKING TUESDAY: Blue Thunder® is the most ELECTRIFYING Monster Jam® truck. You won’t be feeling BLUE once you make these tasty treats.

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium •Competitors MonsterJam.com shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

MONSTER MAZE

WRECKING WEDNESDAY: Alien InvasionTM has lost its way.

Help get this tardy truck to Monster Jam® and don’t get STUCK along the way.

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium • MonsterJam.com Competitors shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

Supplies: - Small paper plate - Ribbons - Gold and silver paint - Tape

First, paint your paper plates on one side with the help of an adult. Let them dry completely. Once your medals are dry, tape the ribbons to the back of your medal (plate). Put your medal around your neck. You are a WINNER!

MONSTER CRAFT

WRECKING WEDNESDAY: Megalodon® is one of the top Monster Jam® trucks and it’s HUNGRY to taste the greatest victory in Monster Jam: The Monster Jam World Finals Championship. Create your own medals above and be a Monster Jam winner.

February 23-24, 2019 • Mercedes Benz Stadium •Competitors MonsterJam.com shown are subject to change. © 2017 Feld Motor Sports, Inc.

created in the 1980s. I thought it needed to be modernized to capture the attention of today’s young viewers.

My favorite characters are Sally and Nick.

They are 6 years old and best friends. I like the bond they share in each episode. They communicate and work well with each other.

They have tons of fun and experience their journeys together.

The Cat In The Hat Knows A Lot About That!

Season 2, Volume 2 Calling all Dr. Seuss fans! Here are two discs, 20 episodes, about the extraordinary voyages of two best friends. Not only is this a fun Dr. Seuss cartoon; it is also educational.

Have fun while learning about the earth’s atmosphere, the human skeleton, how paper is made and much more.

What is less appealing about this show are the settings and colors. It felt like this film was

Each episode has a different message, but the one thing they have in common are the lessons that are taught through Nick and Sally’s voyages. In each show, you learn scientific knowledge. This is a neat way to gather children together to sing along while taking an amazing educational journey.

I give this DVD 4 out of 5 stars. It is educational and fun. The music had me bopping my head along with it. I would like it even better if it was more modernized. I recommend it for ages 3 to 14. My baby brother is 3, and he sang along with Nick and Sally. My mom is 39 years old, and she learned something about the human skeleton that she never knew about before. This DVD is available now so, look for it.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 21

SUNDAY

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Feb 17th & 18th — State Farm Arena & Feb. 22nd - 24th — Infinite Energy Arena

22 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

Feb. 23rd & Feb 24th — Mercedes-Benz Stadium

Mar 9th & 10th — Infinite Energy Arena

Winter Precipitation

It’s always fun to play in the snow.

But did you know that winter can bring other types of precipitation besides snow? Other forms of wintry precipitation include freezing rain and sleet.

One really cool weather fact is that water can be liquid below 32°F, when it is supposed to freeze! This is called “supercooled” water. Freezing rain can happen when snow falls through warm air (above freezing) and melts into rain before it falls into cold air right at

the surface. Since it’s supercooled, it stays liquid, even through the cold air, until it hits the ground. Upon hitting the ground, freezing rain immediately turns into ice. If there is a significant amount of freezing rain, with more than ¼ inch of ice on the ground, it is known as an ice storm.

When rain freezes, it can make driving or walking dangerous because it makes everything slippery. Freezing rain can also be dangerous because it is heavy and can snap tree branches

and power lines, causing a power outage. Also, when it’s still falling from the sky, freezing rain can be hazardous to aircraft.

If a freezing rain advisory is issued for your area from the National Weather Service, avoid walking outside and make sure you have your flashlight and NOAA Weather Radio handy!

Sleet is similar to freezing rain except it falls through colder air before it hits the ground. While freezing rain doesn’t actually freeze until it hits the ground, sleet freezes before hitting the ground, turning into a slushy pellet. Once it hits the ground, it can also be very slippery.

No matter what type of winter precipitation is falling from the sky, it is best to be prepared. The National Weather Service has some great winter preparedness and safety materials that will help you and your family prepare for the winter season. View them at weather.gov/wrn/winter_safety.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 23

Come Out & Play

BLINDMAN’S BUFF

The colonists played the game using these rules:

1. One player ties a blindfold

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hildren during colonial times worked hard, just as the adults did. Girls cooked, dyed wool, wove and sewed. They churned butter and helped with the harvest, too. Boys helped plow, planted crops, chopped firewood, made tools and hunted. Even the youngest children helped by feeding animals, collecting eggs and dipping candles. They still found time to play though, and a game called Blindman’s Buff was a favorite. Adults liked to play it, too.

You will need a handful of sticks or straws of different lengths and a cloth for the blindfold.

The game takes five or more players.

Players draw sticks or straws to see who the first player to be blindfolded will be. The player who draws the shortest one wears the blindfold. This person is “it.”

www.hollistonhistoricalsociety.org/programs/colonial-fun-and-games

24 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

securely around the person who is “it.” The other players form a circle around him or her.

2. One or two players step forward and spin the blindfolded player around two or three times. They rejoin the circle.

3. The players join hands and walk in a circle around the blindfolded player. The player who is “it” claps three times and the players in the circle stop moving.

4. The person who is “it” points at one player. This player must step into the circle. The blindfolded player has one chance to guess who the person is.

If the guess is right, that person takes the blindfold. If the guess is wrong (and it usually is), the blindfolded player tries to catch the player in the circle by touching him or her.

5. The blindfolded player then has one more chance to guess who the player is. If the guess is right, they change places and the player becomes “it.” If the guess is wrong, the player rejoins the circle, the blindfolded player is spun around again and the game continues.

Colonists from different countries often played similar games. Swedish colonists who settled in New Jersey and Delaware played a version of Blindman’s Buff, but they called it Blindbock, which means “blind buck.” German settlers in Pennsylvania called the game Blindekuh, meaning “blind cow.” French settlers in the Hudson River Valley of New York colony called the game Colin Maillard.

1st

20th - 21st

Jan. 1 Happy New Year! Jan.1 is the first day of the Gregorian calendar. It wasn’t always considered the start of a new year, though. From the 12th century until the 1750’s, England celebrated the new year on March 25. The Byzantine Empire, which lasted from 330 A.D. to 1453 A.D., celebrated the new year on Sept. 1 Jan. 20 is World Religion Day. It was started in 1950 to celebrate the oneness of religion and its role in society.

Jan. 21 Martin Luther King Day celebrates the life and achievements of Civil Rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. Many communities choose to remember King by having a day of service to give back to their community.

They are the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. These documents say that Americans are an independent people governed by a democratic republic and that our rights and freedoms as U.S. citizens can’t be taken away. www.archives.gov/founding-docs

The Declaration of Independence gives the reasons the colonies separated from Britain and talks about the ideals on which the country is built.

The Constitution explains how the federal government is set up.

The Bill of Rights defines a citizen’s rights and a state’s rights when it comes to the government and how it can treat states and citizens.

www.chartersoffreedom.com/the-charters-of-freedom.html

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There are three documents upon which America is built. They are known as the Charters of Freedom.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 25

Where in the World

While Boston, Massachusetts, was not the first British settlement in America, it did play an important role in the early years of our country’s history. In fact, Boston is known as the birthplace of the American Revolution.

One of the reasons is that it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay colony. It also had a harbor, making Boston the main port for importing (receiving) and exporting (shipping out) goods.

Whoever controlled Boston Harbor controlled what came into and out of the city. So, Britain passed more and more rules to keep tight control over it and other colonies with ports.

Several key events that led to the American Revolution happened in and around Boston. There was the Stamp Act in 1756, which demanded colonies use paper from London with a specific stamp on it to print things like Palmyra, Syria legal documents, magazines, playing cards and newspapers.

Bostoners rioted over this.

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historyofmassachusetts.org/boston-in-the-american-revolution/

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Boston was founded by Puritans who fled Britain in 1630.

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Boston is also called the “Cradle of Liberty.”

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Several battles early in the Revolutionary War were fought in or near Boston, including the Battle of Lexington, the Battle of Concord and the Battle of Bunker Hill.

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During the Revolutionary War, the British were called lobsterbacks because of their red coats.

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Boston Common is the oldest public park in the U.S. British troops camped there during the Revolution.

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Boston is the capital of Massachusetts.

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It covers 48 square miles.

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The population of Boston was a little over 685,000 in 2017.

• Today, Boston is one of the most expensive American cities in which to live.

In 1770, citizens marched in front of the state house, protesting the increase in British Troops in Boston. British troops shot into the rowdy crows, killing five civilians. This became known as the Boston Massacre.

In 1773, hundreds of protestors took rowboats into Boston Harbor, boarded a ship and dumped more than 300 crates of British tea into the harbor. They did this to protest the high taxes Britain imposed on its tea. This became known as The Boston Tea Party.

www.u-s-history.com/pages/h697.html

26 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3865.html

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston

Did You

KNOW? According to the ASPCA, approximately 3.3 million dogs enter animal shelters across the United States each year.

While that’s a sizable number, it represents a significant decline since 2011, when 3.9 million dogs entered shelters. The ASPCA estimates that slightly less than half of the dogs that enter U.S. animal shelters (1.6 million) are adopted each year. Some shelter dogs are strays who are ultimately returned to their owners.

Ways newspapers benefit students

Classrooms have come a long way since the days when pioneering settlers would send their children to single-room schoolhouses.

Modern classrooms might be technical marvels, but one less flashy learning tool remains as valuable as ever.

Newspapers might not be as glamorous as tablets or other gadgets, but they are still an invaluable resource to educators and students. The following are seven ways in which newspapers in the classroom can benefit students.

Dog lovers can help by choosing to adopt their next dogs from a shelter rather than buying from a breeder. The American Pet Products Association notes that 34 percent of dogs purchased each year are obtained through breeders. By choosing to adopt dogs from shelters rather than purchasing them from breeders, dog lovers can help reduce overcrowding at shelters.

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Newspapers build vocabulary. Numerous studies have found that reading can improve youngsters vocabulary.

Each day, newspapers are filled with fresh stories that can introduce kids to new words, helping them to strengthen their vocabularies and make them more effective communicators.

It’s a New Year! Unscramble the clue words to solve the puzzle below.

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www.sustainablegwinnett.com

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Newspapers improve reading skills.

Like the old adage says, Practice makes perfect. Reading newspapers each day can help kids develop their reading and comprehension skills.

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Newspapers promote critical thinking. Newspaper reporters are trained to objectively report the news, sharing facts without allowing their own opinions to influence their stories. Educators can choose stories from the newspaper to serve as catalysts for discussions that focus not just on the facts listed in the story, but what might be behind them. Such discussions can help youngsters develop their critical thinking skills.

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Newspapers bring ideas and current events to life. Many children are aware of major world events, even if they don’t know or understand the details.

Newspaper articles about world events can be used as avenues to discussions about what’s going on in the world.

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Newspapers build global awareness. Customized newsfeeds funneled through social media outlets can make it hard for young people to recognize and understand the world beyond their own communities and interests. Each days, newspapers include local, national and international stories that can illustrate to kids that there’s a world beyond their own.

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Newspapers promote social consciousness. Without newspapers, young people may never be exposed to the social issues facing their own communities or those issues that are affecting people across the country and the world.

Newspapers provide unbiased exposure to such issues, potentially leading youngsters to further explore topics that are shaping their world and even encouraging them to form their own opinions.

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Newspapers make learning fun. According to a 2017 report from Common Sense Media, kids younger than eight spend an average of two hours and 19 minutes per day looking at screens. Newspapers provide a welcome break from tablets, smartphones and computers, and kids may have fun flipping pages and getting a little ink on their hands.

Newspapers remain invaluable resources that can benefit students in myriad ways.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 27

Fishers https://www.mass.gov/service-details/learn-about-fishers

28 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

Fishers are members of the weasel family. They are common in Massachusetts.

Because they are shy and secretive, most people have never seen a fisher.

It was thought that fishers had disappeared from Massachusetts by the 1800s, but they’ve made a comeback and live in forests.

• Adult males weigh 8 to 16 pounds and measure approximately 3 feet in length.

• Adult females weigh 4 to 6 pounds and measure approximately 2 feet in length.

• In both males and females, the tale makes up almost 1/3 of its total body length.

• Fishers have a long,

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slender body and short legs.

They are also called fisher cats.

Fishers are good climbers and have sharp, retractable claws.

Female fishers usually have one litter each year. A litter usually has 1-4 babies.

Fisher babies are called kits.

They have pointed faces.

They have brown to blackish fur.

Fishers are most active at dawn and dusk during the summer.

During winter they are active during the day, but because they are so shy, most people never see them.

They do not hibernate.

• Their primary foods are small rodents, squirrels, rabbits, birds, eggs, fruit, porcupines and carrion.

• They sometimes prey on chickens, pet rabbits and house cats.

Although fishers are shy, they sometimes cause problems for people by killing small animals attracted to human activity. Things like bird feeders and exposed garbage often bring small animals that fishers like to eat. Fishers are not dangerous to people. The Massachusetts Wildlife offices recommends people make a lot of noise, shine bright lights on fishers or spray them with water to scare them away.

Canned Food WORD FIND

LED B M A R C S T E G

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 29

30 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

ANSWERS

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www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • January 2019 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 31

PBR CELEBRATES THE SUCCESSES OF THEIR NATIVE AMERICAN ATHLETES!

Ryan Dirteater

Stetson Lawrence

Keyshawn Whitehorse

Cody Jesus

World Finals Qualifications: 9 Hometown: Hulbert, Oklahoma Residence: Hulbert, Oklahoma Height: 5-9 | Weight: 155 | Born: 4/14/89 Riding Hand: Left High-Marked Ride: 93.25 points on SweetPro’s Bruiser in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on January 21, 2018

World Finals Qualifications: 6 Hometown: Trenton, North Dakota Residence: Williston, North Dakota Height: 5-10 | Weight: 155 | Born: 11/17/88 Riding Hand: Left High-Marked Ride: 92.25 points on Cochise in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on January 21, 2018

Hometown: McCracken Springs, Utah Residence: The Woodlands, Texas Height: 5-8 | Weight: 155 | Born: 6/24/92 Riding Hand: Right High-Marked Ride: 89.5 points on Wicked Dreams during Round 5 of the 2018 PBR World Finals in Las Vegas on November 11, 2018

Hometown: Window Rock, Arizona Residence: Window Rock, Arizona Height: 5-9 | Weight: 130 | Born: 7/13/98 Riding Hand: Left Elite Tour High-Marked Ride: 88.5 points on Red Bandana during Round 5 of the 2018 PBR World Finals in Las Vegas on November 11, 2018

A bit about Ryan Dirteater:

A bit about Stetson Lawrence:

A bit about Keyshawn Whitehorse:

A bit about Cody Jesus:

• At the start of the 2018 season, Hulbert, Oklahoma established himself as a rider to watch when he won in front of his home state crowd in Oklahoma City after impressively covering now three-time World Champion bull SweetPro's Bruiser for 93.25 points. Earning an additional event win in Atlantic City, the 29-year-old finished the regularseason with five Top-10s on the elite Unleash The Beast.

• In 2018, Lawrence made a splash to start the season, finishing third in Oklahoma City, notably riding Cochise for 92.25 points in the championship round, and fourth just a few weeks later in Anaheim where he delivered yet another 90-point effort in the final round when he made the 8 on Wild Goose.

• Whitehorse had a record season in 2018, recording six regular-season Top-10 efforts en route to capturing the year’s Rookie of the Year title. Finishing the season a career-best No. 19 in the world, Whitehorse clinched the Rookie of the Year title in Round 5 of the PBR World Finals, when he rode Wicked Dreams for a career-high 89.5 points. Whitehorse and Colten Jesse went ride-for-ride in the Rookie of the Year race through the second half of the season and it came down to their last outs of the five-day World Finals to crown the league’s top Rookie.

• Jesus had his best season in 2018, finishing inside the Top 35 for the first time in his career, earning him guaranteed number of appearances on the sport’s elite Unleash The Beast to begin the 2019 season.

• The World Finals appearance was Whitehorse’s first qualification to the most prestigious event in bull riding. He finished the biggest event of the year for the league that boasts itself as the “toughest sport on dirt” 13th.

• An alternate for the 2018 World Finals, Jesus made his debut at the most prestigious event in bull riding in Round 3, going 2-for-4, including an appearance in the championship round, to finish 18th.

• Dirteater ended the 2018 season No. 18 in the world after making his ninth appearance at the World Finals.

• Among his many career milestones, Dirteater joined an elite group of riders in 2016 when he went a flawless 6-for-6 to win the World Finals.

• For Cherokee rider Dirteater, his selection to Team USA-Wolves will mark his Global Cup debut.

• Qualifying for his sixth consecutive PBR World Finals, finishing 22nd, Lawrence concluded the 2018 season ranked No. 26 in the world standings.

• A professional bull rider of more than 12 years, Lawrence has won at the sport’s top level, victorious for the first time in his career in Sept. 2017 in Thackerville, Oklahoma.

• With ties to both the Chippewa and Sioux, Lawrence will ride for Team USA-Wolves after competing as a member of the American contingent at the most recent edition of the Global Cup in Sydney, Australia. He went 1-for-2, adding an 83.5-point ride on Light Em Up in Round 1, to help the nation finish fourth Down Under.

• Recently, Whitehorse, of the Navajo Nation, was selected to compete as a member of the historic, all Native America USA-Wolves Team that will compete at the third leg of the inaugural Global Cup in Feb. 2019 in Arlington, Texas at the home of the Dallas Cowboys, AT&T Stadium.

• The 20-year-old Window Rock native’s regular-season was highlighted by a runner-up finish at the premier series event, narrowly defeated by eventual World Champion Kaique Pacheco, and a fifth place finish in Nampa.

• The 2018 season also was home to Jesus’ first-ever PBR event win across all levels of competition. Jesus won the Window Rock, Arizona Velocity Tour event by recording back-to-back 90-point efforts in the event’s two rounds.

March 9 - 10 • Infinite Energy Arena • pbr.com 32 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • January 2019 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett