HORIZONS by GENEX

DECEMBER 2015 PROOF REPORT

REACHING REPRO GOALS

POWER OF OWNERSHIP

The

Road to … P r e c i s i o n M a n a g e m e n t, the Ideal Commercial Cow & Repro Success Horizons Articles Available in Spanish! Visit http://bit.ly/SpanHorizons

Genex

Cooperative, Inc. A Subsidiary of Cooperative Resources International

United Pride Marcelon 6158, daughter of 1HO10175 MARCELON

Dryhouse M Tango Nevada, daughter of 1HO10824 TANGO

+613 ICC$

Dryhouse M Day Talladega, daughter of 1HO10458 DAY

+715 ICC$

+801 ICC$

Co-op Jacey Tasket 7094-ET, daughter of 1HO10788 JACEY

+739 ICC$

IDEAL FOR PUTTING GREATER EMPHASIS ON LONGEVITY, HEALTH, AND OPTIMAL BODY SIZE AND CONDITION WITHOUT SACRIFICING YIELD AND UDDER TRAITS.

Co-op BSF Mogul Lucy-ET, dam of 1HO11636 CHINCHI

+979 ICC$

Blumenfeld Galaxy 4527-ET, dam of 1HO11632 DARTEZ

+949 ICC$

Maternal sisters to the dam of 1HO12546 TESTAROSSA

+946 ICC$

MISSION MISSION

VALUES VALUES INNOVATION

Deliver new solutions to meet emerging needs.

INTEGRITY

Operate with honesty and fairness.

LEADERSHIP

Demonstrate leadership in our industries, in our programs and from our people.

QUALITY

Offer highly-valued and reliable products and services.

STEWARDSHIP Treat our land, our communities, and business resources as our own.

OUR PURPOSE OUR PURPOSE GENEX STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Genex is the trusted provider of world-class animal genetics, progressive reproductive solutions, value-added products and innovative services to members and customers.

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HORIZONS

December 2015 Vol. 21/No. 3

Published three times a year for dairy producers around the globe. |

O F

C O N T E N T S

k On the Cover: This issue of Horizons explores the road to precision dairy management, creating ideal commercial cows and attaining reproductive success.

ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE Cooperative Resources International P.O. Box 469, Shawano, WI 54166 info@crinet.com 888.333.1783 www.crinet.com

CANADA – Genex Cooperative, Inc.

291 Woodlawn Rd W Unit 4C, Guelph, Ontario N1H 7L6 genexcanada@crinet.com 888.354.4622 Publication Number 40022882

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

CONTENTS

Paul Greene, President Berlin, N.Y., 518.658.2419

Duane Nelson, 1st Vice President Winthrop, Minn., 507.647.2540

John Ruedinger, 2nd Vice President Van Dyne, Wis., 920.922.9899

Ronald Totten, Secretary Stafford, N.Y., 585.344.0758

Perspective 6 | The Power of Ownership

Jon Wayne Danielson Cadott, Wis., 715.289.3860

Patrick Dugan Casa Grande, Ariz., 520.836.2168

Ted Foster Middlebury, Vt., 802.388.6515

Terry Frost Roundup, Mont., 406.323.3415

Harold House Nokesville, Va., 571.722.3356

Kay Olson-Martz Friendship, Wis., 608.564.7359

Bobby Robertson Tahlequah, Okla., 918.822.0020

Alfred Wanner, Jr.

In the News 8 | Troy Daughter is Millionth Animal Genomic-Tested in U.S.

9 | Cooperative Development Efforts Target South Africa 10 12 14 16

| Employees Rewarded for Excellence in Service | Thank You, Bill! | Introducing the Great Eight | Meet Your Next Favorite Bull

Narvon, Pa., 717.768.8118

Bill Zimmerman Foley, Minn., 320.355.2191

HORIZONS STAFF

Jenny L. Hanson, Editor, jlhanson@crinet.com Andy Graf, Graphic Designer

REPRINTS

Material may not be reproduced in any fashion without Cooperative Resources International’s permission. Cooperative Resources International, their member cooperatives, agents or employees, cannot and do not guarantee the conception rate, quality or productivity to be obtained in connection with the use of their products or recommended techniques. THEY MAKE NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WHICH EXTENDS BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCTS AND HEREBY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. In the unlikely event that any of the products shall be proven to be defective, damages resulting from their use shall be limited to their purchase price.

Genetically Speaking 18 | What´s in a Name? 23 | Precision Dairy Management is Here Reproductive Management 25 | Top 10 Parameters to Monitor Reproductive Performance

Herd Management 28 | Invest in Peace of Mind 30 | Jumpstart Calves with Push ™

MISSION: CRI is the global leader delivering excellence, innovation and value to members and customers as a strong cooperative. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE: Genex is the trusted provider of world-class animal genetics, progressive reproductive solutions, value-added products and innovative services to members and customers. H O R I Z O N S

P E R S P E C T I V E

THE POWER OF

OWNERSHIP By: Terri Dallas // Vice President of Information & Public Relations, CRI

ctober is always one of my favorite months of the year. Not only is October Co-op Month in the U.S., it’s also the kick-off to many energizing co-op activities for Genex members and delegates! Before I get carried away telling you about the membership activities, did you know the practice of celebrating Co-op Month actually dates back to 1948? The state of Minnesota became the first to recognize the importance of cooperatives and their member-owners.

Speaking of member-owners, Genex members can take an active role in the cooperative by serving as an elected delegate or alternate. Once elected, delegates and alternates are asked to attend two meetings each year: a fall input meeting and the annual meeting. Now, about those energizing co-op activities – actually, I just told you about them!They are the fall input meetings and the annual meeting. Now, I know you’re thinking, “How much fun can meetings be?“ Well, I’m a bit biased, but these aren’t your ordinary “sit and be talked at, eat lunch and then go home co-op meetings.” At fall input meetings, delegates and alternates meet face‑to‑face with Genex senior management, review co-op operations, and provide valuable input on co-op and industry topics.

Not Your Average Meeting

The fall input meetings were held in mid-October and November. Delegates and alternates were invited to attend one of nine meetings held across the country in Albany, New York; Syracuse, New York; Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; Kansas City, Missouri; Las Vegas, Nevada; Alexandria, Minnesota; Rochester, Minnesota; Neenah, Wisconsin; and Atlanta, Georgia. After everyone introduced themselves, one of the 13 Genex board members gave an update on the state of the cooperative including finances, new products and services. Keith Heikes, Genex COO, then presented the five-year strategic plan, and we had lunch (roast beef, of course). After lunch it was time for situations. Attendees were divided into groups of five or six people. Each group reviewed a real-life situation that either the board or management had recommended for delegate input. This year delegates provided input on delegate recruitment, marketing GENESIS embryos and the creation of a beef version of the Ideal Commercial Cow index. Each group discussed their situation, and then one person from each group gave a report summarizing their input. While the reporter described the group's opinions, Keith took notes, answered questions and took more notes. When the meetings were done, Keith prepared a report recapping all the comments. These comments were then shared with the Genex board and management.

WHEN YOU BECOME A MEMBER OF A COOPERATIVE … You join a group of producers – in this case dairy and beef producers from all across the nation – who utilize Genex goods and services, democratically influence operations and mutually benefit from progress, innovations, education and equity!

H O R I Z O N S

P E R S P E C T I V E

J Genex member-elected delegates and alternates discuss cooperative situations during the 2015 fall delegate input meetings.

Delegates’ Input Does Matter

Are you thinking these meetings sound like a lot of other meetings you’ve attended? Delegates and alternates would disagree. In fact, they have said, “Our opinions really do matter at Genex. As delegates we have the ability to influence direction,” and “At Genex our voices are heard.” Here’s the difference: the board and management ask for delegate input because they strongly believe in grassroots involvement, and they like to use delegates and alternates as a sounding board. Many a time I’ve been in a board meeting and someone will say, “We should ask the delegates and alternates what they think.” We have, and the results have been outstanding. Delegates have weighed in on topics related to credit, genetics, products and membership. I’ve also heard many delegates say, “Remember when we talked about that last year? I knew that was a good idea. I guess they did listen to us.” This year, a great idea surfaced at every meeting with absolutely no “coaching” from Genex board members, Keith or me. Delegates discussed how to improve the recruiting, orienting and training of delegates. They suggested having an educational breakout session during the annual meeting targeted at first‑time delegates. They proposed having Paul Greene (Genex board chairman) and Keith team up to orient new delegates on the history and structure of the co‑op, delegate responsibilities and provide time for a Q&A. The result? Delegates who are well‑informed and willing to serve their co-op. Another result? We are implementing it at the 2016 CRI annual meeting!

Networking, Learning & Entertainment

Speaking of the annual meeting, we are in the midst of the Genex delegate election. At the end of October, all Genex members received a self-nomination card and a letter explaining what is involved in being a delegate. Ballots were mailed out mid-November and results will soon be tallied. The elected delegates and alternates will serve a one-year term. And, they will start the year with a bang! The CRI annual meeting will be held January 26 and 27 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Hands down, the number one thing delegates and alternates enjoy about the annual meeting is networking with fellow producers from all over the U.S. A close second would be the educational sessions, and right behind would the outstanding banquet entertainment. As I mentioned, I’m a bit biased when it comes to Genex meetings, and I’m really biased when it comes to hardworking producers who take time away from their busy schedules to stay current on their cooperative and provide valuable input. These are the delegates and alternates who take pride in being part of their cooperative and are willing to exercise their power of ownership. Thanks for making my membership job at Genex so much fun!  A Author Bio: Terri Dallas has served Genex members and customers for over 30 years. Working with members, delegates and alternates has always been a favorite part of her job, from back when she visited members to write Horizons features to today as she helps lead the fall delegate input meetings and plan the annual meeting.

Genex

Cooperative, Inc. A Subsidiary of Cooperative Resources International

H O R I Z O N S

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WILSON EARNS AWARD FROM ADSA

FOURDRAINE NAMED CRI VP OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

ouglas Wilson was the 2015 recipient of the American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) Distinguished Service Award, presented at the organization’s annual meeting this summer. The ADSA Distinguished Service Award was created to recognize outstanding and consistent contributions to the welfare of the dairy industry. 

ADSA Past President Al Kertz, left, H presents Doug Wilson with the Distinguished Service Award.

TROY DAUGHTER IS MILLIONTH ANIMAL GENOMIC-TESTED IN U.S. G Claude Rochefort stands with Roclan Troy 4866, a March 2015 calf. The heifer was the 1 millionth dairy animal to be genomic tested in the U.S.

n recent months, the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB) announced the addition of the 1 millionth animal to its genomic database.

“Roclan Troy 4866, a young 1HO11056 TROY daughter, was the 1 millionth animal to be genomic-tested in the U.S.,” confirms Angie Coburn, Genex Associate Vice President of Dairy Genetics. “One million genotypes demonstrates the global success story of genomics. The first genomic-proven sires were marketed back in January 2009. Today, more than 55% percent of semen sold in the U.S. is from genomic-proven sires.” She goes on to state that through genomics dairy producers around the globe have gained more accurate insight into their females’ genetic potential at a much earlier age than in the past. “While producers’ strategies vary from genomic testing a few of a farm’s best performing animals to screening the majority of a farm’s heifers, they are utilizing the technology to make more sound breeding and management decisions. It’s a win-win for the global dairy cattle industry.” The 1 millionth genomic-tested animal is from Roclan Farm of St-Michel de Bellechasse, Quebec, owned by Claude Rochefort and family. The Rocheforts began genomic testing their heifers five years ago while striving to develop a herd of high-producing cows that demonstrate longevity. Genomic insight enabled the Rocheforts to implement a strategic breeding program where the best heifers are bred to sexed semen and lower genetic merit females are culled or bred to beef semen. “This way, we are sure each heifer we raise will fit our objectives and will be useful as a mother of our future cows,” says Rochefort. “Testing through Genex Canada and their Precise™ genomic testing service, I also like to see how my animals perform on the Ideal Commercial Cow index, as that is the index I use to choose service sires.”  8

H O R I Z O N S

RI Senior Vice President of Business Development Pete Giacomini announced he named Robert Fourdraine the cooperative’s Vice President of Research and Development. In this role, Fourdraine is responsible for all aspects of CRI research and biotechnological services. This encompasses internal research activities at the International Center for Biotechnology and other CRI locations along with external research grant funding supported by CRI. “Robert’s 20-year career and past record of accomplishments in the livestock industry make him well qualified for improving the focus and effectiveness of CRI’s overall research programming,” states Giacomini. “Under Robert’s leadership, CRI will expand the impact of the International Center for Biotechnology across all CRI subsidiaries – AgSource Cooperative Services, Genex Cooperative, Inc. and MOFA Global. This will help set the course for CRI’s strategic positioning.” Most recently, Fourdraine served as Vice President of DHI Operations for AgSource. During that time he led the development of several innovative information and management tools for its members and customers. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Operating Officer of the Wisconsin Livestock Identification Consortium. 

APPLY FOR THE CRI COLLEGIATE SCHOLARSHIP

outh attending a four‑year college/ university or two‑year technical college in fall 2016 and pursuing a degree in an agricultural field can apply for the CRI Collegiate Scholarship. Applicants must also be affiliated with a member of a CRI cooperative subsidiary (AgSource Cooperative Services or Genex Cooperative, Inc.) by having an active role on the member’s dairy or ranch. CRI provides a minimum of four $750 scholarships annually. For full eligibility information and the scholarship application, visit bit.ly/CRIscholarship.  ©2015 CRI

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COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS TARGET SOUTH AFRICA

len Gilbert, Genex Vice President of Production, was elected to a three-year term on the National Association of Animal Breeders (NAAB) board of directors at this year’s NAAB annual convention. The NAAB is the national trade association for cattle artificial insemination businesses. Gilbert is a 38-year veteran of the artificial insemination industry. All 38 years have been spent serving the members of Genex and predecessors. As the Vice President of Production, Gilbert oversees care of the cooperative’s dairy and beef cattle as well as semen laboratory operations. 

PAY AHEAD FOR 2016 PURCHASES,

EARN 5% CREDIT! What? Prepay for some or all

of 2016 service, semen and product purchases. In return, receive a 5% credit on your account!

J Genex and CRI representatives meet with the board of Seven Stars Cooperative. From left: Dean Gilge of CRI, the Seven Star cooperative board, Genex board member Terry Frost and Tom Bjelland of Genex.

ate this past summer, Genex board member Terry Frost from Roundup, Montana, Tom Bjelland of the Genex staff and Dean Gilge of the CRI staff traveled to South Africa to help two developing cooperatives become more sophisticated in their operations. Their activities were part of CRI’s Cooperative Development Program (CDP) grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development. The South African cooperatives, the beef cooperative Inkephu and the dairy cooperative Seven Stars, were chosen to participate because of their advances through previous CDP activities. While their accomplishments thus far demonstrate an interest and desire to grow as sustainable cooperatives, they still have room for improvement. That is why Terry, Tom and Dean spent time learning about the cooperatives and then outlining and prioritizing improvement areas for their cooperative business operations.

As Terry explains, “For one of the cooperatives, board education and leadership roles need to be addressed as to how a board functions. This would be very beneficial. They also have some work to do to achieve their goals.” While improvements need to be made, the cooperatives’ hope for the future is evident. Terry states, “I feel the cooperative members want to improve the cooperative for the community. These people are very proud of culture and their heritage. They just need the guidance and training that the CDP can and is providing.”

How? Submit a check and

signed pay ahead agreement. Based upon the amount of credit remaining on the account as of December 31, 2015, earn a 5% credit (credit is shown on the January 2016 activity statement). Any prepayment amount will be accepted, however all resulting credits must be used in 2016.

When? Contact your Genex

representative now. All agreements and checks must be dated no later than December 31, 2015 and received at Genex headquarters by January 15, 2016. 

J Terry Frost, Dean Gilge and Tom Bjelland met with members of South Africa’s Inkephu cooperative.

J Genex Board Member, Terry Frost (front) inspects a feedlot with the chairman of Inkephu Cooperative in South Africa.

As is definitive of development projects, Terry also points out, “There is a lot of work to be done. It will take time and patience to make this work.” Since the trip, the in-country CDP manager has continued to work with the cooperatives. 

H O R I Z O N S

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EMPLOYEES REWARDED FOR

EXCELLENCE IN SERVICE

Green Honored with Kevin Boyle Leadership Award G Colten Green

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National Account Manager | Modesto, California

ÂŠ2015 CRI

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MISSION AWARD WINNERS Gail Rippe Beef Area Marketing Manager | Indianola, Nebraska Gail Rippe joined Genex in December 2013 and quickly earned his current role as Beef Area Marketing Manager in the fall of 2014. Gail continuously works on improving his area through recruiting, training and developing Independent Contractors. He is well respected for his professionalism and knowledge of the A.I. industry. Gail serves Genex members and customers in Nebraska and Iowa. According to Associate Vice President of U.S. Beef Marketing and Sales, Jeff Swenson, “Gail really exemplifies the mission. In the short time he’s worked here, he’s gained a tremendous amount of respect from his Independent Contractors and our members and customers. They know Gail’s someone they can really trust.” 

Peter Lauthen Territory Sales Manager | Hawley, Minnesota Peter Lauthen has been with Genex since January 2001 and has demonstrated a high level of commitment to the cooperative and local producers. He works as a Territory Sales Manager operating a sales route that covers North Dakota, northern South Dakota, and northwest and west central Minnesota. “Peter has been an exceptional individual for Genex and is a proven leader with a positive attitude. He is extremely driven and consistently gives 100% effort to every member and customer,” states Dairy Area Marketing Manager, Devin Sumption. 

Jeff Jahnke Reproductive Program Senior Technician | Abrams, Wisconsin Jeff Jahnke began his Genex career in February 2003 and has always represented Genex with pride. Jeff excels in his ability to understand producers and works well with his teammates. He serves as a Reproductive Program Senior Technician in northeast Wisconsin. “Jeff is second-to-none in communicating effectively and providing top‑notch service to members and customers. He really takes the time to get to know and understand the producers he works with,” explains Joel Delzer, Dairy Area Marketing Manager. “Jeff truly is a stand-up guy who represents Genex well.” 

Colten Green has dedicated five years to providing cattle genetics, herd management supplies and superior consultancy to members and customers. He currently works as a National Account Manager throughout California. Judd Hanson, Associate Vice President of U.S. Strategic Marketing, notes, “Colten is a natural leader and a tireless worker. He always has Genex, our team, and our members and customers in his best interest at all times. He’s a person that finds win-win scenarios at every turn.” 

About the Kevin Boyle Leadership Award The Kevin Boyle Leadership Award is presented to one Genex employee annually. The award was established in memory of Kevin Boyle, a former Genex employee who demonstrated vision, devotion and pride for the cooperative. Recipients of the award exceed expectations in the following five categories: commitment to improving farm reproduction and genetics, willingness to help others, ability to provide superior support services, excellence in communication skills and positive attitude.

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THANK YOU, BILL! A

dmiration, sincere admiration – that’s what can be heard in people’s voices as they speak about Bill Ziese, a Genex Territory Sales Manager from California, who retired this fall after dedicating 49 years to the dairy cattle industry.

Bill may be best known by some for marketing more than 3.3 million units of semen in his lifetime. According to the National Association of Animal Breeders, that number ranks him among the industry’s elite for total units sold. In fact, it places him second for total sales throughout history. Yet, that number is not why others admire Bill.

– Bill dedicated his time to improving the dairy industry and dairy cattle. – As CRI CEO Doug Wilson acknowledges, “That is only the beginning of his story.” He went on to explain, “I first met Bill at Flo’s Cafe. It was where all the Chino Valley, California, dairy industry gathered for breakfast. As I walked up, someone said to me, ‘that fancy pickup over there is owned by the king of this area named Ziese.’” Over the coming years, Doug learned just what it was that made Bill the king. “When the dairy rush in the Chino Valley began, Bill seized the opportunity and did so with an incredibly professional approach. He did not just sell semen. He was ahead of his time in large herd consulting. He mated cows, organized the semen inventory, interpreted DHIA data, and shared herd management tips he observed.” Bill dedicated his time to improving the dairy industry and dairy cattle. While a fan of both commercial and registered cows, during his career Bill saw one opportunity in particular and seized it. As Doug describes, “During the breeder bull era, Bill organized a sampling structure for registered breeders. He distributed the semen, collected data and evaluated the daughters. Genex predecessors benefited from this program when we leased the bull 21HO990 Big Al.”

Bill Ziese began his career in the dairy industry at Adohr Farms in Santa Ana, California. He worked there as a teenager and again after serving in the military. In 1966, he accepted a marketing position with A.I. stud Excelsior Farms. He held that position until Excelsior Farms’ closure in December 2001. In 2002, he joined Genex. We were fortunate when Bill chose our employment; he was ahead of his time in added-value concepts and approaches to serving his clients, and he demonstrated professionalism on all levels.

Back to that incredibly professional approach Doug referred to; Bill demonstrated that professionalism throughout his career. Art Marquez of Marquez Dairy alluded to it during a recent celebration of Bill’s record-setting 3 million unit sales. Art stated, “In the many years of doing business with Bill, I never once questioned the bulls he recommended; nor did I ever need to query an invoice; nor did I ever have to count the semen that was delivered; nor did I have to check on the mating recommendations.” Josh Davis, Genex regional Director of Dairy Marketing, worked with Bill for several years. In answering what has made Bill such an admired leader, he states, “It’s Bill’s personality. Bill has always placed his customers and team before himself, and for that reason they put complete trust in him. He also has a great work ethic, working every day until his retirement at age 75.” Thank you, Bill, for the example you have set - not only through your sales achievements, but through your professionalism, your innovative spirit, your foresight and your dedication. Along with the dairy producers of California, with sincere admiration we say “thank you” and wish you the best in retirement. 

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H O R I Z O N S

GENEX IS ALL IN TO SERVE YOU!

INTEGRITY

LEADERSHIP

QUALITY

PEOPLE / Your Professional Genex Team GENETICS / Conventional, GenChoice , Breeding to Feeding, Beef PRODUCTS / A.I. Supplies, Herd Management Products, Life Event Supplements TRAINING / Bilingual A.I. and Heat Detection Training, A.I. AccuCheck Repro Evaluations SUPPORT / Genetic Specialists, Technical Consultants, Product Advisors PLANNING / Calf Math , MPG Sire Sorting, Sort-Gate Female Indexing ™

™

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JERSEY HIGHLIGHTS

INTRODUCING THE GREAT 8!

enex welcomes eight new Jersey sires to the lineup. With all these outstanding additions more than one are bound to be “must use” sires in any herd!

1JE00921 EUSEBIO (you say bee oh) is the highly anticipated genomic sire that puts together an elite package of genetic numbers. After being syndicated in the 2014 All-American Sale, this Harris son joins the lineup with a breed-leading +221 JPI™. He delivers cheese production ability, as evidenced by his +586 Cheese Merit (CM$), +1232 Milk and +114 combined Fat and Protein (CFP). To top it all off, he sports a +16.1 JUI™ and +1.6 PTA Type. 1JE00922 RONALDO semen became available in mid-October, but this marks his first official dairy proof as a member of the active lineup. This Harris son debuts at an impressive +220 JPI and +569 CM$. He combines strong components numbers (+47 Protein, +61 Fat) with a +4.6 Productive Life and +6.6 JUI. RONALDO is a maternal brother to 1JE00889 PROP JOE.

Photo by Frank Robinson

J Dam of EUSEBIO: GR Faria Brothers Marvel Eusebio, VG-86%

1JE00919 TUPAC combines a big production number (+1363 Milk) with impressive fertility at +0.5 Cow Conception Rate (CCR) and +1.5 Heifer Conception Rate (HCR). This Harris out of a Renegade registers at +501 CM$ and +194 JPI. Bringing diversity to the lineup is 1JE00923 TAZER, a Soprano out of a Visionary. This bull is +169 JPI and +495 CM$. Plus, he’ll improve udders with a +12.7 JUI while providing impressive health traits: +7.1 PL, +1.1 CCR and +2.5 HCR. Note that Tazer is JH1C. 1JE00925 DANKO is an exciting Pilgrim son from the Cal‑Mart herd. He earns his spot in the lineup with a +170 JPI and impressive +11.8 JUI and +493 CM$. He is a daughter fertility specialist at +1.7 Daughter Pregnancy Rate (DPR) and complements that with a +5.2 PL. Note that Danko is a JH1C sire.

J Dam of BAILEY: DP Dimension Wesley 1468-ET, VG-87%

1JE00909 BAILEY is the first Co-op prefix bull to graduate through GENESIS. A Zayd son, BAILEY boasts impressive index numbers (+189 JPI, +527 CM$) along with his +110 CFP, +1.2 PTAT and +5.6 JUI.

1JE00920 BOOSIE has an intriguing sire stack of Plus x Marvel x Renegade. He comes in at +162 JPI and +429 CM$ and adds type with +1.4 PTAT and +12.9 JUI. A new GENESIS graduate from the Aardema herd is 1JE00916 TRISTAN. This Score out of a Volcano will add fluid pounds at +1125 Milk and records a +159 JPI. He is +421 CM$ and also improves fertility with +0.8 CCR and +1.5 HCR. 

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THE JERSEY

A TRIO

IN THE TOP 15 T

hree Genex sires land on the top 15 daughter-proven JPI list. Among them are 1JE00792 MACHETE, 1JE00791 DIVIDEND and 1JE00801 MADDEN. MACHETE increased to +195 JPI with +563 CM$. With an impressive +88 CFP, his daughters will add profit to any dairy’s bottom line. DIVIDEND remained fairly steady, now at +171 JPI and +489 CM$. He also maintained his reputation as a type specialist with a +16.5 JUI and +1.6 PTAT. With the addition of more milking daughters, MADDEN leapt upward and joins the list at +166 JPI and +466 CM$. Impressive health traits (+0.8 DPR and +4.1 PL) and great udders (+7.2 JUI) are characteristic of MADDEN daughters. 1JE00892 VANDRELL-GR continues to dominate the genomic JPI list at +246 JPI. He is also the Genex CM$ leader at +631. Following VANDRELL‑GR on the CM$ list and hailing from the same maternal family is PROP JOE. He is +618 CM$ and +192 JPI while maintaining +19.5 JUI. 

J Daughters of DIVIDEND at Crosswind Jerseys

GENERATION a

1JE00892 GR Faria Brothers VANDRELL-ET

Photo by Sarah Damrow

DOMINATING THE JPI™ LIST NEW NEW

Highly Reliable NEW

NEW

1JE00921 EUSEBIO

1JE00892 VANDRELL-GR 1JE00921 EUSEBIO{5} 1JE00922 RONALDO{5} 1JE00912 TARHEEL 1JE00792 MACHETE 1JE00919 TUPAC 1JE00889 PROP JOE 1JE00909 BAILEY 1JE00896 MONUMENT 1JE00891 TODD-GR

1JE00922 RONALDO

JPI

CFP

246

118

221

114

220

108

197

105

195

194

192

116

189

110

188

187

109

1JE00919 TUPAC

Photos by Kathy DeBruin, Agri-Graphics Ltd.

3 EASY WAYS TO SIGN UP!

1. Scan the QR code 2. Visit http://bit.ly/JerseyE-News 3. Text GENEXJERSEYS to 22828 (U.S. only. Message and data rates apply.)

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HOLSTEIN HIGHLIGHTS MEET YOUR NEXT FAVORITE BULL FEATURING THE TOP NEW RELEASES FOR ICC$ 1HO11636 CHINCHI, a hot new release, leads the new graduates at +979 on the Ideal Commercial Cow (ICC$) index. This early Tuffenuff son has big-time production at nearly a ton of Milk! He is a TPI® leader at +2643 and +1.85 PTA Type, and will sire moderate-framed cows with fantastic udders (+2.30 Udder Composite) and ideal teat placement. CHINCHI’s combination of moderate size and production and udder traits also earn him top 10 rankings for two ICC$ sub-indexes: Production Efficiency (PREF$) and Milking Ability (MABL$). 1HO12565 TRIP, a maternal brother to 1HO11056 TROY and the lineup’s first 1HO11048 STOIC son is a health trait, production and type specialist. He is in the top five for ICC$ at +959 and boasts a +9.0 Productive Life (PL), +2.9 Daughter Pregnancy Rate (DPR) and +2.65 Somatic Cell Score (SCS). TRIP follows in his sire’s footsteps with a +1.50 PTAT, +1.61 Udder Composite (UDC) and +1.07 Foot & Leg Composite (FLC). 1HO11632 DARTEZ (Defender x Galaxy) is a no-holes sire at +949 ICC$, +1224 Milk, +53 Fat and +46 Protein. This uniquepedigreed bull improves conformation and should be an easy choice for heifer pens at 6.5% Sire Calving Ease (SCE). He also sports the desired mobility and leg placement, optimal teat size and shape, and improved milking speed for ideal performance in a robotic milking system.

J Dam of CHINCHI: Co-op BSF Mogul Lucy-ET

From the same family as the now daughter-proven 1HO10788 JACEY comes 1HO11639 JAB. At +903 ICC$, this Yates x Freddie son is a high health traits bulls with a solid type proof. With his low +2.62 SCS, +8.3 PL and 109 BCS, JAB nabs the lineup’s No. 4 spot for the Health (HLTH$) sub-index. His excellent milking speed and temperament, mastitis resistance and udder traits also put him at No. 6 for MABL$. 1HO11638 LAST CALL (Windsor x Robust) is a high DPR sire (+4.4) at +875 ICC$ and over a point on UDC and FLC. This new calving ease bull (6.2% SCE) should also improve components (+0.05% Protein, +0.08% Fat) and produce long-lived cows (+6.8 PL). A Stoic x Mogul, 1HO11644 WYATT transmits strong fore and rear udder attachments and will keep the pipeline full at +1779 Milk. WYATT is +115 for combined Fat and Protein and +873 ICC$. Additionally, his +7.3 PL and 6.8% SCE make a great fit for heifer breeding programs. 

REMEMBER TO CHECK OUT THE

SPECIALTY SIRES CATALOG! J Dam of DARTEZ: Blumenfeld Galaxy 4257-ET VG-85, VG-MS

1HO12546 TESTAROSSA leads the industry with his astounding +6.5 DPR and +7.6 Cow Conception Rate (CCR). Those fertility levels also put him No.1 for ICC$’s Fertility and Fitness (FYFT$) sub-index. He boasts +8.3 PL, +2.66 SCS and 110 Body Condition Score (BCS), making him a true health traits specialist too. TESTAROSSA is a Jabir son out of a 1HO10458 DAY daughter of the GENESIS cow, Tasket. Two TROY sons debuted this summary in 1HO12658 LEDOUX and 1HO12570 TROJAN. Both of these early sires of sons are ICC$, TPI and health trait leaders. LEDOUX, at +934 ICC$, is also +7.1 PL, +3.8 DPR and +2.75 SCS. He fits the demands of the Genex Robot Compatibility index too. TROJAN is another high production (+1884 Milk) Tasket son with +75 Fat and +55 Protein. He sires daughters that should last (+8.1 PL). 1 6

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Genex added two new polled Holsteins in 1HO11627 BAGPHEE-P and 1HO11626 LABYRINTH-P *RC. BAGPHEE-P is good for heifer pens (6.5% SCE) and offers plentiful production: +1022 Milk, +50 Fat. LABYRINTH-P *RC has a high ICC$ (+751) and will transmit great udders (+1.89 UDC). He’s a unique offering for those looking for polled and red genetics. 1HO11616 PAYOFF-RED is a new red sire at +682 ICC$. His +6.5 PL, +2.67 SCS and 6.8% SCE make him an attractive heifer pen option. 1HO12267 ACHILLES *RC still leads the red carrier bulls with an amazing +11.6 PL, +5.5 DPR and +979 ICC$. 

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What's in a Name? What Does “Ideal” Mean? What Does “Commercial” Mean? Discover the answers to these questions and more regarding the Ideal Commercial Cow (ICC$) index.

What Makes ICC$ Ideal? Who is it Ideal For? What Does Commercial Mean Anyway?

Most dairies around the world strive to produce high quantities of high component, low somatic cell score milk from cows that are healthy, breed easily, and can accomplish this over many lactations. Yet, the types of farming situations throughout the world can vary greatly. ICC$ recognizes genetics that excel in any farming situation, regardless of barn style or milking system.

Why Are There So Many Choices? ICC$, PREF$, HLTH$, FYFT$, MABL$, CABL$ … How Do I Know Which One to Use?

We now have genetic evaluations for 40-some different cow characteristics. Each one of these traits is related to another, and sometimes that relationship is antagonistic. Thus, the best way to accomplish genetic progress for all traits of interest is to combine them into an index. An index delivers the desired amount of progress for all traits. Within the ICC$ sub-indexes, each trait is categorized according to its impact on primary management areas: milk-to-feed ratio, health care, reproduction, milking systems, and calving or maternity operations. ICC$ is the total summation of the five management sub‑indexes. Selection based on ICC$ as a whole aids in genetic improvement in all areas at a balanced rate. A producer who wants to target a single management area for genetic improvement can identify high‑ranking bulls for a single sub-index. Or, a producer can first select by high-ranking ICC$ and then put added pressure on the sub-index of choice.

The description of a commercial cow or a commercial farm is quite simple: it’s one that generates revenue from the sale of milk and/or meat products. Progressive and successful commercial dairies have a business model that is sustainable and profitable for many years. Genetics and improving our cattle with genetic selection is a strategy to enhance revenue, control expenses and improve the long-term success of the farm. Today’s commercial dairies are innovative, utilize technology and produce the majority of milk in the world, all while providing the high quality of cow care expected by consumers.

Angie Coburn, Genex Associate Vice President of Dairy Genetics, answers your ICC$ questions.

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What’s the Big Deal about Body Condition Score?

S P E A K I N G

Producers often use body condition score (BCS) to assess the body fat or condition on certain parts of a cow, because a cow’s body condition is an indicator of a balanced ration and overall transition health and reproductive efficiency. In fact, many researchers are studying BCS and have found strong correlations between BCS changes and health, production and efficiency. Body condition scoring is especially useful assessing changes from pre to post calving. Why? Because following calving a cow goes through a state of negative energy balance (when a cow’s daily energy requirement cannot be met by the energy she consumes in a day), and she tends to lose body condition. Adequate body condition during this period of lactation is critical, as research shows transition health is strongly correlated to health throughout lactation. Furthermore, research studies done in multiple countries have concluded loss in body condition leads to lameness, as opposed to the old paradigm that a lame cow becomes skinny. Genetic selection for optimal BCS will raise the average BCS of cows at the time of calving and the benefits will carry through the peak production period of lactation. Simply stated, a cow off to a good start has more opportunity to finish the lactation strong and healthy. Therefore, Genex is proud to offer a genetic index that incorporates BCS evaluations. The ICC$ index includes BCS as 6% of the Health (HLTH$) sub‑index.

Why Does Size Matter? Why is a Bigger Cow Not Better? What is Meant by a Medium-Sized Cow?

For more than 30 years, data has supported that a medium‑sized cow has the lowest risk of being culled. A medium-sized cow is defined as:

Why are the Polled Gene and Fertility Haplotypes Given Consideration?

• Fresh heifers: 1150-1250 lbs post-calving body weight and 52-56 inches tall at 21-24 months of age • Mature cows: 1400-1600 lbs at peak milk and 56-58 inches tall During recent years, leaders of a multi-university research project on feed efficiency have documented that larger cows are less feed efficient. Dr. Kent Weigel, Professor of Dairy Science at the University of Wisconsin; Mike VandeHaar, Professor of Dairy Nutrition and Metabolism at Michigan State University; and Mark Boggess, Director of USDA-ARS U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, in a letter to the editor published by Progressive Dairymen, state, “USDA-ARS Animal Improvement Program, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory compiles extensive data for Holsteins and shows the genetic correlation between body size and milk yield to be -0.1 along with negative correlations between fat, protein and body size.” Additionally, “a -0.28 genetic correlation between metabolic weight and gross efficiency indicates cows with larger body size are less efficient when it comes to feed utilization.” Furthermore, “larger and larger cows are exacerbating challenges with practical dairying in many important areas: reduced reproductive fitness, increased injury and lameness, (and) wear and tear on facilities and housing.” The take-home message: ending the trend toward selection for larger size should be a priority. Once we have stabilized the genetic trend, we can design our selection indexes to be size neutral and maintain a medium-sized cow for multiple generations.

Dehorning cattle presents financial costs to the producer in terms of labor. It is also is a setback to cattle in regards to growth. ICC$ considers these costs and gives bulls with the polled gene a slight advantage over bulls without the gene. In the Fertility and Fitness (FYFT$) sub-index, the polled condition refers to fitness. Fitness traits refer to a class of qualitative trait loci (a single gene or haplotype) that has a measurable economic value. Also among these are the fertility haplotypes. By including the haplotypes in FYFT$ and ICC$ producers have a simple and troublefree way to manage their economic impact and their effects of days open and abortions without having to evaluate each mating.

Continued on page 20.

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Continued from page 19.

What’s With the Focus on Fertility?

v Graph 1. Genetic Trend for Daughter Pregnancy Rate 20 Cow Daughter Pregnancy Rate Sire Daughter Pregnancy Rate

DPR, CCR, HCR … Why so Many Fertility Measurements? 10

We can improve female fertility indirectly by selecting for bulls with high Productive Life or by selecting for traits such as Daughter Pregnancy Rate (DPR), which would yield a more desired genetic response. Newer traits such as Cow Conception Rate (CCR) and Heifer Conception Rate (HCR) give producers the option to specifically select for fertility improvement in their milking herd or heifer population. The Fertility and Fitness (FYFT$) sub-index accounts for 15% of the overall ICC$ index. Within FYFT$, DPR has a trait weighting 53%, HCR is 35% and CCR is 6%. Graph 1 shows the genetic trend for both cow DPR and sire DPR by birth year. Both lines indicate a steep decline from around the 1960s all the way to the mid-2000s. At that point we were able to stabilize female fertility through DPR emphasis in genetic programs. To date we have only barely began to make up ground. CCR and HCR became part of the U.S. Lifetime Net Merit (LNM$) and TPI® indexes in December 2014, but at the same time an increase in the overall weighting on yield traits was implemented as a reflection of the increased milk price and

Why is it Time to Move On? Why did Genex Create ICC Now? Why is Now the Time to Change to ICC$?

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0 1960 -5

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

BIRTH YEAR (1957-2012)

lower feed costs of 2013 and 2014. Because of the antagonistic relationship between yield and fertility, a producer should only expect a very slight difference in genetic progress for female fertility with LNM$ or TPI. Also, time has shown milk price fluctuations are happening more quickly and with greater magnitude. It’s important that our selection indexes are less sensitive to price cycles. By continuing to emphasize a balanced approach to genetic improvement for milk yield and fertility, the result will be an optimization of milk yield and total number of replacement animals. With more replacements, comes the opportunity to make better management decisions.

Without a doubt, LNM$ has been a very successful genetic selection tool for Genex members and producers globally. The science-based and economic approach to trait weightings in LNM$ are what made it successful. While changes to LNM$ are typically mirrored in TPI in subsequent months, the primary difference between the two indexes is the greater value placed on conformation and final score, which has a different economic significance if you are merchandising seedstock cattle. While progressive producers worldwide have found value in LNM$ and TPI, more recently they have been loud and clear in proclaiming their need for a better way to identify cattle and genetics that excel in the commercial cow environment. Their requirements were clear on two points: (1) a balanced cow that is high-producing, feed efficient, healthy, mobile and fertile, and (2) flexibility based on the individual farm's needs. Genex responded to this grassroots feedback by developing ICC$. In its creation, Genex used the same science-based and economic principles proven to be successful and incorporated data like BCS from other countries. In addition to providing producer flexibility through sub‑indexes, Genex monitors and projects genetic trends and evaluates new traits to determine when changes need to be made to ICC$. ICC$ will live up to its name. ICC$ will produce the balanced ideal commercial cows desired by producers all around the globe … cows that lead to farm profitability, efficiency and sustainability. 

Revolutionizing Genetic Selection

for a Better Future THROUGHOUT HISTORY THE DAIRY INDUSTRY

average milk per cow

HAS DONE A REMARKABLE JOB OF USING

Genetic SELECTion

*per year

Then 1977

11,207 lbs.

2014

improve productivity Over time the world changes, and like other industries

dairy has

Source: USDA

NOW 22,258 LBS Nearly Double!

FARM EVOLUTION THEN & NOW 131,509 farms

evolved

Then 1992

significantly

NOW 45,344 farms 2014

AVG. Herd SIZE = 74

MORE Farms SMALLER HERD SIZEs

LARGER HERD SIZES

AVG. Herd SIZE = 204

FEWER FARMS Source: USDA

Throughout the past 30 years the

needs

of consumers and

dairy farmers alike have

drastically evolved

To maximize efficient production of safe and affordable animal protein, progressive dairy farmers NEED their dairy herds to excel in:

feed efficiency animal health fertility all while continuing to

INCREASE PRODUCTION LEVELS

TO BETTER MEET PRODUCER NEEDS

has developed a progressive

INDUSTRY PIONEER,

with modern operations in mind

GENEX, WITH ITS REPUTATION AS AN

ICC$ includes GLOBAL data sources to rank ALL industry bulls on their relative ability to sire the Holstein herd modern producers require

genetic selection tool

STRATEGIC BREEDING FOR ACHIEVING

1 2

CONSIDER YOUR GOALS for the future and the number

RUN SORT-GATE™ to sort cows and heifers and define

DEVELOP PROTOCOLS for mating and breeding to get the preferred

of replacement calves needed to meet those goals.

USE CALF MATH™ to compare potential breeding strategy outcomes and determine the most effective combination of semen products (conventional, GenChoice™ or Breeding to Feeding™ semen).

which females are appropriate for each semen product.

semen product into the designated cows and heifers.

G E N E T I C A L LY

S P E A K I N G

IS HERE By: Kristi Fiedler // Associate Vice President of U.S. Technical Services, Genex

recision agriculture is a term often used to describe crop management, but in a recent Progressive Dairyman article Robert Fourdraine (CRI Vice President of Research and Development) described dairy management as precision agriculture. New and improving technologies such as robotic milking systems, robotic calf feeders, reproduction programs, activity and rumination monitoring systems, feed trackers and genomics have given dairy farmers a never ending array of options for precision management.

It’s hard to believe that timed artificial insemination (TAI) programs were published 20 years ago already! In 1995 Pursley, Mee and Wiltbank published the original Ovsynch model. Since then, TAI has transformed to 56 hour Presynch (2001), Double Ovsynch (2008) and several variations of Resynch. In addition to improved reproduction efficiency through synchronization programs, farms have introduced best practices in animal handling, facility design, pen management, milking procedures and much more. All these advancements have led to a desirable, but potentially burdening situation for some dairy farms: pregnancy rates no longer hover in the mid‑teens, but instead the mid-20s. Dairies are faced with more replacements than necessary to maintain their herd size. What are the options for a producer in this situation? 1. Cull from the milking herd. This was a more viable option when farms had a lot of cull-worthy cows. Since cull cow prices have been high for the last few years many dairies have already exhausted this option to the point of reduced marginal returns. Also replacing older milk cows with young heifers isn’t always the most profitable because older cows have already paid back their raising cost and are now the “icing on the cake” after maintenance costs are covered. 2. Cull heifers. This may be a feasible option, especially for herds with low health issues and death loss in their heifer rearing program. Those heifers will be sought after by farms who trust the calves are raised well. Today’s market for top springing heifers can provide an economic benefit for the seller if prices stay around $2200. 3. Produce less heifer calves. This option incorporates a breeding strategy using several types of semen: conventional, sexed and beef. Beef x dairy calves are selling at all-time highs. During a recent trip to the Southeast, one dairyman shared he was receiving $500 for Limousin x Holstein cross calves, both bulls and heifers. Options 1 and 2 are likely still going to cause strain on heifer management if the bottleneck is overcrowding in the heifer rearing facilities. Although any of the options may work depending on the individual farm situation, the best solution for some farms may be a combination of all three.

Using Calf Math, a producer may determine a strategy such as breeding the top 50% of heifers to sexed semen and the bottom 50% of cows to beef semen will achieve the desired number of calves. But that leaves some questions unanswered, such as which animals are at the top and which animals are on the bottom? Now, with Sort-Gate, those questions can be answered.

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S P E A K I N G

GENCHOICE SEXED SEMEN

ANGUS SEMEN

BREEDING TO FEEDING SEMEN

CONVENTIONAL SEMEN

Continued from page 23.

A New Tool for Precision Agriculture

Universities and private dairy companies have developed several tools to help producers benchmark their current performance, monitor progress towards goals and develop breeding strategies to obtain those goals. Most recently Genex added a precision dairy tool, Sort-Gate™.

Sort-Gate is a customized female sorting tool for use within individual herds. The program incorporates genomic data, pedigree information and on-farm performance data. Bringing the industry new technology, Sort-Gate enables all animals to be combined into one sort no matter which genetic or performance data is used. Previous tools could only sort animals based off pedigree or genomic data alone. Sorting animals based on genomic information is the most accurate at 84% accuracy while pedigree data is 62%. A big advantage to genomic data is that genomic testing allows for parentage mistakes to be corrected. Remember, pedigree sorting is only as good as the data recorded. And finally performance data is valuable, but keep in mind it is only one cow’s performance compared to her herd mates. Also her performance can be affected by events such as illness. While there is not a perfect predictor for genetic opportunity, understanding the risks of each choice is essential to making sound business decisions. In short, genomic data for all cows and heifers would be the ideal because of data accuracy and 100% parent identification.

Offering additional flexibility, dairy producers can choose to sort females based on a current industry index (LNM$ or ICC$) or customize their own index. With the custom index, producers choose the genetic parameters that are most valuable to the herd based on their milk market, product demand, herd demographics, etc. and weight those parameters accordingly. For example, a dairy in Florida may put more emphasis on milk production and somatic cell count because they are located in a heavy fluid milk market compared to a counterpart in New York where the desire is high protein content for Greek yogurt. Improving genetics is not just a sire-based strategy any more. With precision management, the door has been opened for genetic improvement through females too. Use high genetic merit sires (in sexed and conventional semen) on the top females and use beef on the lower genetic merit females. This strategy eliminates bottom-end genetics in the herd and produces replacements from the herd’s best animals. A Author Bio: Kristi Fiedler received her bachelor’s degree in animal science from the University of Wisconsin-Platteville. After college, she was employed by AgSource Cooperative Services before joining Genex as a genetics and reproduction consultant in northeast Wisconsin. Today Kristi oversees Genex consulting services across the U.S. Kristi also has a master’s in management.

WHAT IS SORT-GATE? Think of Sort-Gate as a career assessment for dairy females. Perhaps back in high school, or during a time when you considered a career change, you took a career assessment test to discover what career was ideal for you. Those career assessments often begin with a skills aptitude test to determine what skills you excel at. Taking those skills into consideration you receive your career assessment, listing those careers that best match your skills – maybe a mechanic, people manager or dairy farmer. Sort-Gate is similar. For your cows and heifers, the skills aptitude test is based on genomic data, pedigree information or on-farm performance data. Taking that “skills” information into Sort-Gate and applying it to a genetic index (LNM$, ICC$ or a custom index) enables you to sort the females and choose the “career path” for each one. That career path may mean producing beef x dairy cross calves for a secondary profit stream. Or, it may mean the female will be bred with the highest genetic merit GenChoice semen in an effort to produce a profitable dairy replacement animal. LEARN MORE about Sort-Gate. Contact your local Genex representative or call customer service at 888-333-1783. 

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Top 10 Parameters

to Monitor Reproductive Performance By: Kim Egan, DVM // National Account Senior Consultant, Genex

s the saying goes, you can’t manage what you don’t measure. Dairy producers put a lot of time and effort into reproductive programs, but effectively managing those programs requires performance measuring. Reproductive measurements and monitoring enable producers to make timely and accurate management decisions for improvement.

The following are today’s most commonly tracked, reviewed and discussed reproductive parameters, along with current performance levels in both Holstein and Jersey herds from the Genex Dairy Performance Navigator™ database.

Percent of herd pregnant by 150 days in milk (DIM).

If you want to pick one number to focus on, consider this one. It gives an accurate snapshot of the reproductive efficiency of a herd. This parameter is important because production of milk pounds and solids decreases in late lactation. Therefore, to maximize production efficiency, reproductive programs need to be effective and timely. Factors that can limit the percent of herd pregnant by 150 DIM are numerous but may include: poor transitioning from dry to lactating, poor conception, infertility, disease issues, inadequate enrollment for insemination or low estrus detection. Reproductive award-winning herds have achieved over 89% of cows pregnant by 150 DIM; with good reproduction, 75% should be a realistic minimum goal for a dairy. Continued on page 26.

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Continued from page 25.

Number of eligible cows beyond first service insemination deadline not inseminated.

No matter the protocols for insemination, no cows should “fall off the radar.” A cow that does not get bred does not become pregnant. It is important to have a fixed goal for DIM by which all cows should be inseminated – either by estrus detection, a synchronization program or a combination of the two. Sometimes cows are moved to non-breeding pens due to special needs or are missed for other reasons; monitoring this allows for identification and resolution of these issues. Zero is the goal here.

Cows’ monthly conception by service number and lactation.

Monthly monitoring of first service, second service and overall conception for first lactation versus older cows can reveal potential opportunities for improvement. For example, first lactation cows with subpar average daily gains as virgin heifers may show decreased early service conception. In older cows, poor conception to first service may be related to dry period issues. Difficult calvings and maternity issues may result in postpartum health events and lead to decreased early service conception across lactations. Later service conception may be affected by feed issues, mastitis, poor compliance on resynchronization or improper estrus detection. Stress, from sources such as heat or overcrowding, can affect all services.

Annual conception data on over 120,000 Holsteins in herds with 501 to 2,000 cows show first lactation cows average 47% conceiving to first service, 39% on second service and 41% overall. For older Holstein cows, the average conception is 39% on first service, 34% on second service and 36% overall. Annual conception data on over 14,000 Jerseys in similar sized herds show first lactation cows average 47% conceiving to first service, 41% on second service and 42% overall. For older cows, the average conception is 44% on first service, 40% on second service and 41% overall.

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Cows’ monthly conception by breeding code.

Typical protocols being tracked are for standing heats, first synchronization and resynchronization. Many dairies have other codes listed to help the breeding team determine which programs are getting the best results. For example, herds with activity systems can have estimated time to ovulation broken into different codes. Compliance and timing are the biggest factors affecting the success of synchronization programs. Cow fertility, semen quality and handling, and timely estrus detection are key factors across all codes. Modern synchronization protocols can enhance fertility as well as get anovular or cystic cows to cycle, so these programs potentially boost conception. Conception to standing heats is usually a bit lower than with these programs but can result in the same number of cows pregnant by 150 DIM. What works best? It depends on labor, logistics, etc. If you compare to the conception data in section 3, is the conception on any code falling below expectations?

Three-week pregnancy risk.

This number is arrived at by multiplying the service rate and conception rate. Therefore, the plethora of factors that affect estrus expression, estrus detection and conception will affect this percentage. Annual three-week pregnancy risk averages can be quickly compared to 120-day and to the last three weeks that are pregnancy checked to determine how reproduction is trending within a herd. This percentage represents the effectiveness of the reproductive program for each three-week cycle over time. Be aware some programs exclude “do not breed” cows, while others include them. Currently, the top 25% of 500-2000 cow Holstein herds by cow pregnancy rate are averaging a 28.1% three week pregnancy risk, while the top 25% by cow pregnancy rate of similar-sized Jersey herds are averaging a 29.8% three-week pregnancy risk.

R E P R O D U C T I V E

Percent of heifers bred and percent pregnant at 15-17 months old.

This is a measure of the overall efficiency of the virgin heifer reproductive program. The range in age allows adequate time for breeding and pregnancy diagnosis (some dairies may narrow or lower the age range). Factors such as moving heifers into the breeding pen at or after the voluntary wait period, decreased fertility or inadequate heat detection will reduce these percentages. Delays reduce profitability by increasing the number of days (or months) heifers are fed before they begin to milk and return income. The top 25% of Jersey herds by heifer pregnancy rate average 96% heifers bred and 75% recorded as pregnant by 15-17 months old. The top 25% of Holstein herds by heifer pregnancy rate average 97% heifers bred and 81% recorded as pregnant by 15-17 months old.

Virgin heifer monthly conception by service number and semen type.

Many producers use at least some sexed semen on early services in their heifers, so determining the conception to first versus later services by semen type is important. The same abundance of factors affects heifer reproduction as it does cow reproduction. The Dairy Calf and Heifer Association’s Gold Standards II sets a goal of over 70% conception to first service with conventional semen. Expect 7-12% lower conception with sexed semen. Currently, the top 25% of Jersey and Holstein herds by heifer pregnancy rate average 52% and 57% overall conception respectively.

M A N A G E M E N T

Percent of heifers fresh over 24 months old.

This represents the efficiency of the heifer rearing and breeding programs from nutrition and pen moves to heat detection and conception. Heifers that “slip through the cracks” raise the percentage and reduce profitability. Herds in the top 25% by heifer pregnancy rate average fewer than 15% calving after 24 months old, and this number gets a bit lower each year.

Percentage of abortions in heifers and cows.

Here, the term abortion refers to any cow or heifer recorded as pregnant who is then determined to be open without a calving event. A certain amount of early embryonic loss is to be expected, and herds with very early pregnancy diagnosis generally have a bit higher abortion rate. Diseases (such as Bovine Virus Diarrhea) and stress from heat and feed-related issues (such as mycotoxins) can impact this number significantly. Annual averages for abortion events in the Genex data set are: Jersey cows, 7%; Jersey heifers, 3%; Holstein cows, 9%; and Holstein heifers, 3%.

Percentage of stillbirths by lactation group.

This can be a reflection on maternity practices, personnel, genetics, disease or nutrition. All the resources used to obtain and maintain a pregnancy are for naught if the calf is born dead. First lactation heifers in both the Jersey and Holstein data sets average 7% stillbirths, while older cows in both breeds average 4% stillbirths. Herds with the best results in this area average 2-3% stillbirths annually. Reproduction is affected by many factors from genetics to weather. Monitoring performance allows timely and accurate management decisions for herd reproductive improvement. 

A Author Bio: Kim Egan earned her doctorate in veterinary medicine from the University of Wisconsin. She has worked in a private veterinary clinical practice and as an independent consultant. In addition, she is involved on her family’s 435-cow dairy. Kim joined Genex in 2013 and consults with Genex members and customers in the Midwest.

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INVEST IN

PEACE OF MIND By: Kirsten French // Resale Product Advisor, Genex

When managing only a few cows, the signs of a negative health, nutrition or cow comfort event or even signs of estrus can be fairly easy to spot. As dairies have grown in number of cows, it has become more difficult to monitor each cow closely and yet still achieve efficient production. Even those with smaller operations have found difficulty trying to manage individual cows while fulfilling other duties. Technological advancements, however, have brought individual cow monitoring back to the forefront. With technology like SCR Heatime®, individual monitoring, prevention and early detection have become key once again.

Insight into a Cow’s Personal Activity

Through use of the SCR Heatime system’s monitors (placed on neck collars), readers (antennas) and a processing platform, one can gain insight into a cow’s activity. Two types of monitors are offered: activity-only or rumination and activity monitors. The activity-only monitors provide an advantage over traditional heat detection methods as they watch for heats 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The monitor tracks the animal’s movements and establishes its activity baseline. Activity increases related to estrus detection are easily visible on the SCR Heatime system through individual animal activity graphs, color-coded breeding reports or interfaced with dairy management software.

“The activity monitoring is like having another person here to observe heats. It’s nice to know exactly when these cows come into standing heat and how long they stay in standing heat.” – David Myers, Summerhill, Pennsylvania

Adding rumination information to the heat detection indicators produces a powerful management tool for improved cow reproduction and health. That’s why some producers choose the combination rumination and activity monitors. 2 8

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“We like the rumination and activity monitors because we can key in on the optimum breeding time for our cows and are able to keep a better watch on the herd's overall health by monitoring their daily rumination.” – Andrew Schmidt, Bonduel, Wisconsin

For rumination, the monitor records the number of minutes a cow chews her cud within each two-hour time period. The data is downloaded to the processing platform, and it creates a baseline of activity and rumination for the cow. Sophisticated algorithms analyze the data and create activity and health indices for each two-hour period. Deviation from the baseline causes a cow to be flagged and appear on a health report. The health report is an exceptional tool for an effective and efficient health program. The report flags cows with noticeable deviations from their everyday pattern – deviations caused by less activity and backing off feed. It’s an excellent way to gain valuable insight into a cow that simply blends into the herd or to see how a cow acts beyond the headlocks. The report lists cows that need immediate attention, those that should be investigated at some point in the day and those having an “off day.”

“We had a cow that started to develop foot rot. Before I even saw her limping, the system showed her decrease in rumination. I was trying to figure out what was wrong with her about 12 hours before visual signs of lameness.” – Frank Orner, Rockton, Pennsylvania

H E R D

Research shows transition health is strongly correlated to health throughout lactation. Therefore, monitoring a cow’s rumination in the dry period and through freshening allows a producer to get an early indication of possible health problems. If treated quickly, managers can speed up the recovery or prevent complications in the fresh pen all together.

“By using SCR we are able to treat our cows the moment they start to get sick and decline in rumination. Having the capability to monitor their rumination efficiently gives our cows a better chance to recover than without the SCR system.” – Andrew Schmidt, Bonduel, Wisconsin

Heatime users no longer have to check all cows’ temperatures or examine all fresh cows 5-10 days into lactation. Instead, they spend their time with cows flagged by the system. This leads to more focused time in the pens and reduced drug use and lock-up times. Lower lock-up times enable new moms to eat, drink and lay down with more freedom. Additionally, dairies with limited hospital pen space are able to release healthy cows back into the herd earlier, freeing up space and increasing cow comfort. Over time, users typically notice the system picks up more health incidents than they would have found without it. They also overcome the tendency to overtreat cows; instead, with early detection, treatments are often less aggressive and shorter in duration or the decision is made to simply monitor progress and forgo treatment at the current time. This can result in lower veterinary drug expenses and fewer DAs. Remember, early detection is just one of the benefits of rumination monitoring, and cows often react better to early treatment!

“Using the rumination and health indexes, we are able to intervene in mastitis, ketosis and potential DA cases 24-48 hours earlier, which reduces our drug costs and the severity of the event.” – Brandon Meddaugh, Sun Prairie, Wisconsin

The Solution Leaders

SCR has played a significant role in the development of innovative technological solutions for the dairy industry since 1976. During its first 20 years, SCR focused on developing electro-mechanical devices for dairy farms, such as pulsators and automatic detachers. In recent years, SCR has taken heat detection to the next level. In 2006, SCR began mass marketing these heat detection monitors. Since, the activity monitors have become the bestselling heat detection solution worldwide. In the mid 2000s, SCR pioneered the rumination monitors, which has become increasingly popular. Today, SCR works with Genex to provide productive data on individual cow and group well‑being, health, nutrition and reproduction, along with producing a mobile phone app and alerts. 

M A N A G E M E N T

SCR Rumination & Activity Monitoring Benefits Stack Up Health Monitoring • Identify sick cows before acute symptoms • Reduce time spent watching cows • Use data to avoid over-treating animals • Reduce lock up time

Activity Monitoring • Identify more cows in heat and create a timeline for insemination • Identify anestrus cows and intervene sooner • Reduce hormone dependency

Rumination, Nutrition and Ration Formulation • Use information to evaluate ration changes and different feed ingredients • Detect potential health concerns, identify stressors and see how cows adjust to feed changes • Identify mixing issues and consistency of feed delivery

Managing Individual Cows • Eliminate the need for entire pen health checks during the transition period • Identify cows that need individual attention without walking into pens • Better manage and treat cows with health challenges

Using Data for Actionable Decision Making • Allows for customizable reports and indicators • Individual and group routine reports alert any deviations in daily routine, prompting investigation into the root cause • Use data for decision implementation related to breeding, cow health and ration formulation • Allows for reports to email or text automatically for convenience Proven on 15,000 farms and millions of cows to detect heat accurately. For more information on SCR Heatime, contact your local Genex representative or call customer service at 888-333-1783.

A Author Bio: Kirsten French earned her bachelor's degree in animal science and management with a dual emphasis in livestock and dairy from the University of California, Davis. She joined Genex this past February as a Resale Product Advisor, marketing and providing sales support for Genex resale products.

H O R I Z O N S

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M A N A G E M E N T

JUMPSTART CALVES WITH PUSH

™

By: Kenzie Smith // Resale Product Advisor, Genex

It was in the dead of night when Betsy decided it was time to calve. Betsy didn’t bother to let her caretakers know she was giving birth. What resulted was a newborn calf that had little interest in life. Fortunately, a worker, Gary, spotted the calf in the midst of doing chores. Gary attempted to get colostrum to the calf. “Come on, baby. You can do it. You need the energy.” However, the calf just couldn’t find the get‑up‑and‑go to consume that important first milk. That’s when Gary remembered the tube of Push sitting near the maternity pens. He grabbed the tube, fed it to the calf and continued with his chores. Gary checked on the calf an hour later, and the calf was up walking around and ready to consume colostrum. Gary knew instantly Push had provided the calf with the energy she needed. Since that moment, Gary had a connection to that calf, and he boasts with pride today when he sees how far she’s come. She’s a healthy, happy heifer who’s on her way to become an even better cow.

ewborn calves are born with no circulating antibodies, and it is only by transferring the mother’s antibodies via high quality colostrum that the newborn receives a ready source of antibodies to fight diseases. While we often talk about newborn calves needing antibodies, they also require a large dose of energy from that first colostrum feeding. Therefore, by consuming colostrum the calf not only receives the needed antibodies but the energy to get the immune system up and running. What is Push? Push is a blend of highly digestible proteins and energy components developed to help calves overcome stress, disease challenges and low energy reserves. It is a readily available source of globulin proteins and milkfat from colostrum and contains the natural fatty acids found in colostral fat, giving the calf a boost of energy. These fatty acids are designed by nature to help the calf thrive on its own. In addition, Push contains naturally found colostrum components (peptides and cytokines) that help prime the immune system beyond just the globulin proteins. By combining high levels of fat and proteins, the calf can have a balanced blend of these two key colostrum components immediately following birth. Why use Push? Push is recommended for newborn calves to provide them with a burst of energy. This easy-to-administer energy source is also especially useful if the calf is not suckling. By giving Push at birth the benefits can be seen sooner rather than later. 3 0

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CALF NUTRITIONAL PASTE

Push does not replace colostrum, colostrum replacers or supplements. However, the specialized formula is complementary to colostrum, so Push can be used along with it. Push can be used at birth to further enhance the benefits of colostrum feeding, including increasing the energy and antibodies absorbed from colostrum. When to use Push? Any newborn calf can benefit from Push. However, it’s especially advantageous in the examples below: • When one cannot give a full dose of colostrum at birth. • When quality of colostrum is questionable. • When calves are born at night and few people are around to tend to the chores. • When a calf seems depressed and has little interest in standing within the first hour of life. While Push is beneficial to newborn calves, benefits extend beyond the period immediately following birth. Have a calf that is depressed, not eating, coming off a disease, transported any distance or just needs a push? Then Push was designed for them too!  A Author Bio: Kenzie Smith received a bachelor's degree in animal science from Oregon State University. Growing up on her family's ranch, where she was involved in raising and showing beef cattle, sparked her interest in agriculture. Kenzie joined Genex as a Resale Product Advisor in December 2014, where she markets and provides sales support for Genex resale products.

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