2013 Porfolio

George X. Lin B.A. Arch, U.C. Berkeley, 2007 M.Arch, MIT, 2013

Academic

2 Design for Reuse 20 NADP 32 Prototype Pavilion Duality, 38 Continuity, Transparency 54 Village for Vitality 60 Strategostructure

Competition/Installation

70 Urban Archive 84 D. O. F 94 Softwoods Perspectives 100 Compound Limited Porosity

106 Evolo:Transpositional Proliferations 110 PS1:Weathers Permitting 116 Fallen Heroes 122 Project_Rorschack Personal

126 Metroscapes 132 Resume Table Of Contents

1

INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN 65 COUNTRY BOYCOTT

FIRST OLYMPICS IN LATIN AMERICA

204 198

FIRST INTERNATIONAL BROADCAST FIRST OLYMPICS IN ASIA

? ?

RIO LONDON BEIJING ATHENS SYDNEY ATLANTA

BARCELONA SEOUL

LOS ANGELES MOSCOW

MONTREAL MUNICH MEXICO TOKYO

ROME

MELBOURNE HELSINKI LONDON

R

FIRST OLYMPICS IN ASIA

FIRST INTERNATIONAL BROADCAST

FIRST OLYMPICS IN LATIN AMERICA

65 COUNTRY BOYCOTT

INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN

3.5B

INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN

65 COUNTRY BOYCOTT

FIRST INTERNATIONAL BROADCAST

FIRST OLYMPICS IN LATIN AMERICA

204 198

200

136 59 50

100

?

RIO

?

LONDON

BEIJING

ATHENS

SYDNEY

ATLANTA

BARCELONA

SEOUL

LOS ANGELES

MOSCOW

MONTREAL

MUNICH

MEXICO

TOKYO

ROME

MELBOURNE

HELSINKI

LONDON

?

RIO

?

LONDON

BEIJING

ATHENS

SYDNEY

ATLANTA

BARCELONA

SEOUL

LOS ANGELES

MOSCOW

MONTREAL

MUNICH

MEXICO

TOKYO

ROME

MELBOURNE

HELSINKI

ACTUAL COST

E

FIRST OLYMPICS IN ASIA

300

FIRST OL

FIRST IN

FIRST OL

65 COUN

INVASION

14B

I

302

1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024

$5B $4B $3B $2B ATHLETES $1B COUNTRIES COMPETING

1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024

A

14B

$10B $9B

302 300

7.9B

$8B $7B $6B

4104

MEMBER STATES IN UNITED NATIONS EVENTS (x3=MEDALS)

LONDON

$40B

2

$40B

10942

11000 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000

Below Right: Estimates, Cost and Revenues

A 100

136 59 50 200

4104

C 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024

M U E

Below Left: Events, Athletes, & Countries in Olympics vs countries in UN

10942 11000 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000

Design for Reuse:

Post Occupancy of Olympic Stadiums Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fall 2012 MIT M.Arch Thesis Advisor/Readers: Ana Miljacki, Arindam Dutta, Miho Mazereeuw Building Type: Field Hockey Stadium

Vocational School / Community Center

O

n the surface, the spirit of Olympic Games is about the competition for medals. Underneath the surface, however, lie a series of political, economic, and social agendas. Individual Olympians represent their Nations.

Rising modernity, stabilization of economies and social cohesion of nations are represented by the contemporary Architecture of the Games. Every Olympic Game has resulted in a significant change in the host city and presented the host country with a unique opportunity to shed a new light on itself in front of a global audience. In anticipation of presenting a brilliant, dynamic image to the world, Olympic cities often build contemporary sporting arenas that follow similar design patterns of generating iconic and autonomous buildings with relatively fixed programs. In order for a city to accommodate such a large number of newly constructed sporting venues, a trend has emerged whereby cities shift the games from the urban core to outlying peripheries, scattered throughout the suburbs. After the 17 days of international use, the venues return to serve the host city’s needs. But the stadiums are largely freestanding objects that compete with preexisting residential fields for the occupancy of local teams.

These local teams often favor smaller arenas that are less maintenance-intensive and are more widely accessible due to their greater proximity to the city core. As a result, Olympic stadiums become underused, labeled as white elephants and even in some instances abandoned.

Above:

Olympic field hockey field entrance.

ATHLETES

2016 2020 2024 ?

RIO

?

2016 2020 2024 ?

RIO

?

B

COUNTRIES COMPETING ATHLETES MEMBER STATES IN UNITED NATIONS COUNTRIES COMPETING EVENTS (x3=MEDALS) MEMBER STATES IN UNITED NATIONS EVENTS (x3=MEDALS)

The next Olympics will be held in Rio, which has the 5th largest economy in the world while also having one of the world’s lowest GDP per capita. This thesis explores the possibility of exploiting the flamboyant nature of the Olympics to create a dual purpose field hockey stadium, the design of which is flexible enough to adapt to a post Olympics transformation into a vocational school.

ACTUAL COST ESTIMATED COST

BB

ACTUAL COST REVENUES ESTIMATED COST

B

IN 2010 Dollar REVENUES IN 2010 Dollar

2016 2020 2024

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

3

?

R

?

The Olympics Atlanta

Montreal

Barcelona

$$$$

$$$$$

London Munich

Greece

$$$$

$$$

$$$$

$$$$

Moscow

Beijing

?

$

Los Angeles

Tokyo

$$$$$

2012

Mexico City

Population (Million) GDP/ Capita ($10,000 )

Rank of National GDP when Hosting 10 5 Olympics

1992

1996

$$$$

1972

1976 1984

$

1980 2008

2004

1964

Seoul

1988

1968

$$

$$

Sydney 2016 2000

1

$$$$$

Rio De Janeiro $$

84

177

105

Brasília

122 13

Salvador

50

29

Badminton Court Basketball Court

18 70

Swimming Pool BMX Park

3

30

3

1 Gymnastics, Vault

11 13 60

In the last 50 years, Australia has been the only

7 Velodrome (cycling) requires 45º incline

20

10

20

55

68

4

12

Wrestling Court

20

Exisiting in Rio de Janeiro 1,595,866

Top:

Judo Rings

91

Fencing Piste

Waterpolo Pool

Rugby Field

Synchronized Swimming Pool

116

10

78

White Water Rafting

14

3

5

100

Volleyball Court

32

40 20

19

4 Gymnastics, Rings

20

30

6

Archery Field Women/Men

30

60

40

90

5

Table Tennis Table

2.5

Gymnastics, Floor

2

10

18

5

Tennis court

40

25 6

20 5

Boxing ring

Archery Indoor Field

São Paulo 24

64 11

6

2.5

23 7

5

15

85

93

37

68

R Soccer Field

Running Track / Athletics

Dressage arena

Field Hockey

To be built in Rio de Janeiro 1,184191

Bottom: While Rio’s residents live active lifestyles and the

country south of the equator to host the Summer Olympics.

city already has many existing venues from hosting the Pan

The next Summer Olympics will be held in Rio in Brazil. While

American Games (2007) and soon the World Cup (2014),

Brazil’s GDP is the 5th largest in the world, it’s GDP per capita

there remain a large number of sport venues to be built,

ranks 75th. Among host countries, Brazil happens to have

some of which are for sports that are generally unknown

one of the lowest GDP per capita, directly behind China. This

and yet un-established within Brazil. Among them, the

fact demonstrates the existence of large difference in wealth

largest venue to be built in Rio will be the field hockey

between the many impoverished and the few wealthy.

stadium. There are currently no field hockey teams in Rio.

CORE CLUSTER

SPRAWL

EXODUS

U

U

1976 Montreal

1964 Tokyo

1968 Mexico City U

6

1988 Seoul

2008 BeiJing

2000 Sydney

2012 London

2004 Athens

2016 Rio de Janeiro

1992 Barcelona

1980 Moscow

U

1972 Munich U

U

U

U

U U

U

U U

1996 Atlanta

1984 Los Angeles

2016 Rio de Janeiro 2016 Rio 2016 de Janeiro Rio 2016 de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro

2016 Rio de Janeiro

2016 20162016 2016

2016 Rio2016 de Janeiro Rio 2016 de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro

COMMUNITY GAMES

2016

COMMUNITY COMMUNITY GAMES COMMUNITY GAMES GAMES

2016 2016 2016

U

U

Trends in the organization of Olympic Parks relative

to the host cities have emerged iIn the last half century. The

1976 Montreal

organizationy can be categorized as Urban Clusters, Sprawl, and Exodus. But generally, the Olympic parks are moving further and further away from the core of the city. In order for Rio de Janeiro’s U

6

1988 Seoul

2008 BeiJing

Olympics to have a significant impact on its urban transformation, the games must be brought back into the city core.

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

5

Rio de Janeiro: Public Space & Favelas

Brazil Brazil

State of State Rio DeofJaneiro Rio De Janeiro Rio De Janeiro Rio De Janeiro Metropolitan Metropolitan Area Rio Area De Janeiro Rio De Janeiro City City

URBAN/RURAL URBAN/RURAL

UrbanizedUrbanized Natural Natural 70 % URBAN 70 %ENVIRONMENT URBAN ENVIRONMENT 30 % NATURAL VEGITATION 30 % NATURAL VEGITATION

State of State Rio DeofJaneiro Rio De Janeiro Rio De Janeiro Rio De Metropolitan Janeiro Metropolitan Area Rio Area De Janeiro Rio De City Janeiro City

Brazil Brazil

POP. DISTRIBUTION POP. DISTRIBUTION

URBAN/RURAL URBAN/RURAL

MEDIUM INCOME MEDIUM INCOME

POP. DISTRIBUTION POP. DISTRIBUTION

>400000 >400000 250000-399000 250000-399000 100000-249000 100000-249000 50000-100000 50000-100000 <49000 <49000

DENSITY DENSITY

MANHATTAN UrbanizedUrbanized Natural Natural

>400000 >400000 250000-399000 250000-399000 100000-249000 100000-249000 50000-100000 50000-100000 <49000 <49000

70 % URBAN 70 %ENVIRONMENT URBAN ENVIRONMENT 30 % NATURAL VEGITATION 30 % NATURAL VEGITATION

MEDIUM INCOME MEDIUM INCOME

City

MANHATTAN

DENSITY DENSITY

City76,800 38200

76,800 38200 28600 19000 9400

28600 19000 9400

Size Public Space

>300 / ha >300 / ha 150-299 /150-299 ha / ha 100-149 /100-149 ha / ha 50-99 / ha50-99 / ha <49 / ha <49 / ha

WITH EXCEPTION TO ROCINHA WITH EXCEPTION TO ROCINHA ARE PRIME REAL ESTATE BEACHESBEACHES ARE PRIME REAL ESTATE

Size87.5 sqkm

8.85 sqkm Public Space

RIO DE

76,800 38200 28600 19000 9400

76,800 38200 28600 19000 9400

WITH EXCEPTION TO ROCINHA WITH EXCEPTION TO ROCINHA ARE PRIME REAL ESTATE BEACHESBEACHES ARE PRIME REAL ESTATE

RIO DE JANEIRO

87.5 sqkm

1260 sqkm

6.93 sqkm

8.85 sqkm

>300 / ha >300 / ha 150-299 /150-299 ha / ha 100-149 /100-149 ha / ha 50-99 / ha50-99 / ha <49 / ha <49 / ha

HONG KONG

12

80 sqkm

1.5 sqkm

6.93

Pop.

Public Space/ Cap

Pop.

1.6M

6.3M

1.1 sqm

1.3 sqm

3.6 sqm

Favelas are the densest type of housing in Rio de 1.6M Janeiro. They are slums that lack official infrastructure and are located close to areas rich with economic opportunity, but usually in elevated surroundings.

Public

Public space in Rio de Janeiro is very limited, and 3.6 Space/ relatively inaccessible to those living in favelas. Rio de Capthird in amount of public space per capita, Janeiro ranks when compared against Manhattan and Hong Kong. Both metropolitan cities are denser than Rio de Janeiro.

6

1.2M

1 sqm

STADIUMS FOR RIO

STADIUMS FOR RIO

COMPLEXO SÃO CARLOS SAMBADROME

MARACANA IGUAIBA -HILLSIDE

COMPLEXO SÃO CARLOS SAMBADROME

MARACANA IGUAIBA -HILLSIDE

COMPLEXO SÃO CARLOS SAMBADROME

MARACANA

MARINA DA GLORIA

IGUAIBA -HILLSIDE

MARINA DA GLORIA

CITY OF GOD - FLAT/DENSE DECOMMISSIONED CITY OF GOD AIR STRIP - FLAT/DENSE

RIOCENTRO

RIOCENTRO

FLAMENGO PARK

BARRA DA TIJUCA -EXISTING GOLF COURSE/BARRA FIELDSDA TIJUCA -EXISTING QUIETO GOLF

CHRIST THE REDEEMER CHACRINHA CHRIST THE -LACKS CIRC. REDEEMER CASA BRANCA TIJUICA

COURSE/ FIELDS

CATRAMBI

BARRA DA TIJUCA -EXISTING GOLF COURSE/ FIELDS

FLAMENGO COPACABANA STADIUM PARK

CASA BRANCA TIJUICA

CATRAMBI

RIO DAS PEDRAS -FLAT DENSE

MARINA DA GLORIA FLAMENGO PARK

CHACRINHA -LACKS CIRC.

QUIETO

RIO DAS PEDRAS CITY OF GOD RIO DAS - FLAT/DENSE -FLAT DENSE PEDRAS DECOMMISSIONED -FLAT DENSE AIR STRIP

RIOCENTRO

CHACRINHA -LACKS CIRC.

QUIETO

DECOMMISSIONED AIR STRIP

COPACABANA STADIUM

CHRIST THE REDEEMER

FORT COPACABANA FORT COPACABANA

CASA BRANCA TIJUICA

COPACABANA STADIUM

CATRAMBI MARIA LENK AQUATIC CENTER

LAGOA RODRIGO LAGOA RODRIGO DE FREITAS

MARIA LENK AQUATIC CENTER

FORT COPACABANA

DE FREITAS

KEY KEY

(E) Rail Line

(N) Rail Line

(E)(E) Highway Highway

(N) (N) Highway Highway

(E)(E) Roads Roads

(N) (N) Roads Roads

(E) Rail Line

ROCINHA STADIUMS ROCINHA STADIUMS -SMALL -SMALL POCKETS OF PUBLIC SPACESPACE POCKETS OF PUBLIC NEW INFRASTRUCTURE FOR WATER NEW INFRASTRUCTURE FOR WATER LAGOA RODRIGO DE FREITAS

MARIA LENK AQUATIC CENTER

KEY (E)(E) Metro Line Metro Line

(N) Line (N) Metro Metro Line (N) Rail Line New Bus New Bus Route Route (N) Highway New Tram New TramRoute Route

(E) Rail Line Public Bus Route Public Bus Route (E) Highway Public Tram Route Public Tram Route

ROCINHA STADIUMS -SMALL POCKETS OF PUBLIC SPACE NEW INFRASTRUCTURE FOR WATER

N

N

(N) Rail Line

(E) Roads City Core City Core

(N) Roads Favela Favela

(E) MetroNew LineVenues

Existing (N) Venues Metro Line PUBLIC TRANSIT/ PUBLIC TRANSIT/ PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC SPACE Bus Route NET New WORK NET WORK New Tram Route

Existing Venues

New Venues

0

0

1

1

2

2

5

5

10 KM

10 KM

Public Bus Route Public Tram Route

N 0

1

2

5

10 KM Rio

D

os Irmã adeli Bern Park

le ng y Si mil es Fa om H

l

tia

en

ise ts hR Hig rtmen Apa

l

ita osp

R

l

tia

n de

si

Re

0

100

200

300

400

ial

t en sid Re lk up Wa

l

tia

en

sid

Re

500m

ise ts hR Hig rtmen Apa

Existing Venues PUBLIC TRANSIT/ PUBLIC SPACE NET WORK

H

AL ZONE DUSTRI POST-IN TURING AC MANUF VE HOUSING LI WORK/

ary of Secret

Public

Safety

dromo

Sambo 50700 sqm

ation ubst

er S Pow

ial

nt

ide

s Re

Favela

New Venues

ces

rch Chu ital p Hos

id es

City Core

l Offi

icipa

Mun

a an rac / Ma dium Sta ena r A

il Sta

l Ra

ntra

e iro C

ne e Ja

tion

gle Sin mily s Fa me Ho

Zinc Hill

Sao Carlos Mountain

y

ter

me

Ce

Favela Pop: 15500

Mineral Mountain

Favela Pop: 2100

FAVELA

Because of the relationship of favelas to the city, the creation of public spaces adjacent to favelas would benefit a diverse range of social and economic classes. If public space becomes the key driver in determining where Olympics stadiums should be located, then the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro can be the stimulus for an infrastructural upgrade that creates a network of public spaces connected by public transportation. Rather than being accessible to only 13% of it its inhabitants, the proposed site would then be accessible to a wide range of its inhabitants.

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

7

São Carlos & The Programs Needed Favela São Carlos (informal housing)

Power Sub Station

N

12m 9m 6m 3m

Bus 415 9m 6m

Estácio Industrial Area

3m

Formal Housing

Bus 77

Bus 65

Hospital Baptist Church

Praça Onze Station

Estácio Station FACTORIES 1800s-1960

MUNICIPAL PRISON 1960-2011

COMMUNITY CENTER/ SCHOOL

OLYMPICS 2016

MARKET

FACTORIES 1800s-1960

MUNICIPAL PRISON 1960-2011

COMMUNITY CENTER/ SCHOOL

OLYMPICS 2016

OLYMPICS 2016

POST-OLYMPICS 2016-xx

MARKET

Morro(mountain) São Carlos is in a cluster of favelas located in the Estácio district of the city. It is east of downtown, west of the Marcãna stadium (world’s largest soccer stadium by capacity), and adjacent to the Sambadrome

by Oscar Niemeyer. It is culturally significant because that is where Samba was invented. The community is composed of industrial workers, their families, and many artists. The adult population work either directly north of the site in the industrial district, the government center,POST-OLYMPICS or elsewhere via the subway or bus. In this thesis, this site has been selected for OLYMPICS 2016 the Olympic field hockey stadium. Currently it2016-xx sits empty but for the last 30 years it has been a prison; creating a barrier between where people work and live. While the prison has been demolished, its walls remain. As a result, São Carlo lacks access to amenities such as transportation, public space, and schools. While the inhabitants live fairly close to their work, they are forced to take indirect routes to their destinations. Because of such isolation, unemployment and illiteracy are high and thus, this area has a higher crime rate than the rest of Rio. 8

FAVELA COMPLEXO SAO CARLOS

NE E W D OR K

Student

School Admin Area 104 sqm

500 Person Auditorium 1345 sqm

Teachers

Artist

Comm Center Lobby + Admin 250 sqm

Employed

Un-employed

Venue Stores 300 sqm

Food & Bev 200 sqm

Box Seats 400 sqm

Tiered Seating 7500 sqm Time Controled Gate

Circulation Multi-Media Library 465 sqm

Courtyard Varies

Toilets 2.5%xnet 155 sqm

Toilets 800 sqm

Field Hockey -> Public Football Field 5400 sqm Field Hockey -> SCHOOL Football Field 5400 sqm

Class rooms 30 per class @ 80 sqm /class 3200 sqm

GYM 1114sqm

Lockers 139 sqm

Restrooms w/ Showers 200

Offices Meeting Rm 250 sqm

Parking 5% x occupancy 18750 sqm

Control Gate(s)

BUS STATION

2 Market

Entrance Plaza

Athlete

PROGRAM

SCHOOL

PLAN

SECTION

Manufacturing

Tourist

AXON

Teachers

Workers

PROGRAM

PLAN

SECTION

AXON

TIERED SEATING

VOCATIONAL CLASSROOM

LECTURE HALLS

COMMUNITY CENTER

LOCKERS

The goal of programming is to find synergies between the programs of a vocational school and field hockey stadium. All school programs are within the red box while all stadium programs are within the blue box. The intersection shows programs that can be shared between the two and do not need unique ones of their own. Programs in blue highlight the possibility of modification, such that their initial purpose is to eventually adapt into a new program. For example, the field hockey stadium dimensions are similar to that of the smallest non-international soccer field. Such a transformation allows the field for a relatively unknown sport in Brazil to instead become a venue for the most popular sport on the planet. Rooms within the school will fluctuate in programming such that the downtime will allow expansion into a bigger community center.

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

9

Stadium Tectonics

Alien object in a residential Alien object field in a residential field

Alien Object mediated Alien byObject park mediated by park

Object in field of objects Object in field of objects

Replicable object inReplicable a field object in a field

OLYMPIC USE

AFTER USE

Parking/Manufacturing: The roof will provide for continuous shading from parking to seats. It will later serve as water collection and ventilation exhaust.

10

Observation/School Courtyard: Provide views to the favelas, but also serves as a courtyard providing the favela Sao Carlos views into the school.

Entrance/Market: Seats during the Olympics. Solar power station after the Olympics for the market.

At the macro level, most Olympic stadiums are objects because they have a difficult time fitting into their environment.

There is rarely any mediation between the object and the field. It is also programmatically very different from the adjacent buildings.

This is reinforced by the buffered space that contributes to its isolation from its surroundings. On a micro scale, the material tectonics create closed systems. These stadiums are intentionally not created for flexible use as expansion is not part of the design. The stadium could not read if one piece was missing. Every piece is part of the whole. The roof will organize the programs underneath. Each segment of the roof will have a different purpose during the Olympics and after. Some will collect water while allowing for exhaust ventilation. Others will take advantage of the flatter areas of the ridges to enable installation of flexible solar PVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s that harvest electricity for the market below. This will allow the Stadium to be an object but yet function very much like it is part of the city.

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

11

Venue Shops (temp)

Venue Shops (temp) Parking

Venue Shops (temp)

Parking Manufacturing offices

Parking

Entrance B

Entrance B

Entrance A

Entrance B

Entrance A Lecture Room

Entrance A Inserted Walls Plaza

Plaza

School Rooms

Plaza

R Retaining Wall Structure

Rec Studio

Rec Studio

Box Seats

Box Seats

Rec Studio

Box Seats

Retaining Wall Structure

Circulation

Circulation Circulation

Olympic Infrastructure

In order for a stadium to differ from a prison, it must be accessible and porous, yet provide adequate security. The stadium will be divided and organized by the infrastructural bars. Inside the bars are circulation spaces with a few Olympics specific programs. Programs include: stairs, escalators, elevators, media recording rooms and VIP lounges/rooms.

The bars will provide the infrastructure to move vast quantities of people across the site and to their seats. The bars set up the post-Olympics logic of treating the stadium 12

Afteruse additions

Olympic Infrastructure Olympic Infrastructure

as zones: Manufacturing, classrooms/lecture halls, public field, and market. The same infrastructure that allowed people to get to their seats during the Olympics will then be used to provide direct access to homes in the favela. This will create the link between the favela and the adjacent industrial area. Additionally, large open areas in the circulation will allow programs such as a market to exist and provide jobs and access to food for the neighboring favela.

Venue Shops (temp)

Manufacturing Manufacturing offices offices

Entrance B Lecture RoomLecture Room Inserted Walls

Inserted Walls School Rooms

School Rooms

Roof

Roof

Retaining Wall Retaining StructureWall Structure

Retaining Wall Retaining StructureWall Structure

Canopy

cture

Afteruse Afteruse additionsadditions

The bars that directly anchor into the mountain will be supported by buttresses. The buttresses will divide the temporary spaces used mainly as parking and commercial spaces during the Olympics. After the Olympics, the parking will become the manufacturing wing of the school. The lower levels will be used for shipping and loading, while the upper level is used for manufacturing. The commercial spaces will be infilled with walls to become open air classrooms for the vocational school.

Canopy Canopy

On the field side, the raked seating in the auxiliary field will be enclosed to become lecture halls. The auxiliary field will become a soccer field in the center of the school. The seating area near the rear of the field will be transformed into the entrance to the school.

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

13

14

Top/Bottom: Olympics/Post-Olympics

Top: Favela View

Bottom: Field

Opposite: Urban Plan

A

B

A

0

50m

100m

150m

200m

0

50m

100m

150m

200m

B

A

B

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

15

Opposite Top/Bottom: Olympics/Post-Olympics

Opposite Clockwise: Entrance / Market, Observation Areas, Venue Shop/School

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

17

Top: Section B-B Mid: Section A-A During Olympics Bottom: Section A-A as the Vocational School

0

5

10

20

30

1:250m 0

5

10

5

10

5

10

5

10

1:250m 0

1:250m 0

1:250m 0

18

40

50

Design For Reuse: Post Occupancy Of Olympic Stadiums

19

20

NADP-

Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant Barcelona, Spain Spring 2011 M.Arch Year 3 Studio

Instructors: Andrew Scott

Andrew George Phillip Ferentinos Building Type: Community Mixuse building with

integrated Prototype Sustainable Technologies

Barcelona’s

plan to become a self-sufficient city is well under way. In the 22@ area, there are attempts to combat various inefficiencies of energy and material consumption. But none deal with Barcelona’s major shortages of water. In 2008, a drought pushed Barcelona to the edge of crisis; some tabloids had headings such as “Spain sweats amid ‘water wars’” and “Barcelona forced to import emergency water.” To sustain its population, Barcelona spent €21M a month to import 63 shipments of water from other parts of Spain and France. However, the effort was only able to serve the consumption of 25% of its inhabitants. Since the drought, Barcelona has built 6 desalinization plants that use reverse osmosis (RO) to generate fresh water. However, the production of water consumes nearly 10% of all energy spent by the city. 30% of Catalonia’s imports are energy alone.

In recent decades, a technology has been employed in many arid climates whereby seawater is converted to drinking water in a Greenhouse (GH) desalination plant. In addition to being able to produce fresh water, the plant is also a habitat which allows for a more favorable production of food. But this technology has not been deployed in an urban environment since the water production from a GH plant of moderate size can only sustain about 1000 people. While RO plants can produce 50 times more water, they are roughly 260 times less energy efficient then GH plants.

This project therefore is to speculate on the integration of GH plants to create a network of sustainable neighborhoods. Instead of factories that have machinery hidden from the public, desalination plants can be more like community gardens or neighborhood markets. By educating and evoking public curiosity, this project fuses water desalination and food production with cultural and public amenities for a neighborhood much like the Ferns in the Back Bay or the Eden Project in in Cornwall.

Ultimately, it seeks to inform the public of their water use and water generation through architectural design.

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

21

22

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

23

24

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

25

26

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

27

28

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

29

30

NADP - Neighborhood Aqua Desalination Plant

31

Area Built

”

’-2

42

13’

-4”

Rib profile

Horz. support

Area Built

Floor girder Rib joint Interior hook Floor beam Fastener connector (parameterized) Bracing holes (parameterized)

13’ 32

”

’-2

42

-4”

Prototype Pavilion

Cambridge, Massachusetts Spring 2012

Instructors: Building Type: Class Topic: Team:

M.Arch Year 3 Workshop Larry Sass Summer pavilion Digital fabrication & communications Class Collaboration

This design exercise was to test collaboration in the digital

age. Could a team of 14 design a pavilion with only 2 physical meetings, in only 4 weeks, and fabricate and assemble it in 4 days? Developing digital communication techniques and coordination was key to the success of the project.

As part of the collaboration, our team (3) were responsible for coming up with an assembly method, integrating the structure with the foundation, and designing the concrete footings.

Our initial understanding of a foundation was that it had to fit with the form of the element and that it was very much an extrusion as a function of structures.

Our early sketches had elaborated on a few things; we wanted uniqueness but didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t like the trouble of creating unique molds for ever possible conditions. Various models were made to test the connections between the structure and footing and the mold design. Eventually a design involving spacers allowed the footing to be modular while the connections could be parameterized. Modularizing the concrete parts allowed the molds to remain the same and all the pieces to be cut out from just 4 sheets of plywood.

For the mold, we came up with an idea where the mold would expand when one pulled the sides upward.

Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s partly because the form of the foundation allowed the notches to not be vertical so there was no perpendicular relationship with the pour. Therefore the mold walls are never moving parallel to the surface of concrete as you pulled it apart. The connection pieces allow the structure above to just land on the foundation. As designs were tested, the mold was modified so it was easier to remove.

Eventually splitting the mold became priority to allow the mold to be as reusable as possible. The construction joint is hidden with the use of groves.

Prototype Pavilion

33

Structure & Assembly Ribs and Foundation

Floor & Stablizers 34

Quarter Scale Mockup.

1 Bay Of The Full Scale Model.

Prototype Pavilion

35

V 3.1

Footings Align to The edge Of pavilion Surface

Mass

usable mold + designer footings

Foundation Design 100% reusable mold

Block locking splited Mold with block

Mass customization

Taper both ways

Concept:

Extreme taper

Plugs Stabilizer Slots Threaded rod

Stabilizer Slots Threaded rod Plastic water barrier Easy slot system Thin plates for leveling

Mass Customized Plates and Plugs

Plastic water barrier Easy slot system Thin plates for leveling

Plugs

Remove small side vertically Rebar placement

taper

Product

Mass customization

Footings Align to The edge Of pavilion Surface

Splited Mold wall

Mold wall

Mold

Too hard to dismental

Concept:

V 3.1

V 3.0

V 3.1

Blocks remain Same same mold 100% more reusable mold Concept: For all foundation Too hard to dismental

Laser cut files

BlockStops movement in rebar Stabilizer

ore reusable mold

V 3.1

Rebar Stabilizer

Concept:

Mass customization

Block locking splited Mold with block Splited Mold wall

Rib to hide Joints and add Architectural Detail Splited Mold wall

Block locking splited Mold with block

Block to Stop mold Split from Buckling

Splited Mold wall

Footings Align to The edge Of pavilion Surface

Mold wall

lited old wall

ock to op mold lit from uckling

36

Mold wall

Split mold with no Construction joints

Product

Test model and mold

Reuseable mold

Footing and spacers Prototype Pavilion

37

2000

Rise of Light Manufacturing Industry (Boston)

1820

Diversified

Planning

Historic Preservation

Contamination

Abandonment

DESIGN INCUBATOR

Ecological Preservation

Light indust ry monetary value

1810

2050

2010

Abandoned

Abandonment

Rise of Ice Industry (Boston)

Ice House

1980

Crack epidemic Contamination

2040

1940

Massive migration

2010

1913

1880

1868

1861

Industrial town

1920

1900

1830 1829

1805

1825

Population

P rojection 1830

1850

1850

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

2010

2020

Ice indust ry monet ary value

Demand in NY, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Washington grew

First export to Calcutta Frederic Tudor found the natural ice industry.

First export to Carribean

Patent for horse-drawn ice cutting technique

Civil War - Cutting off ice export

First above ground ice house

I nc ubator Invention of electric refrigerator

First ice manufacturing plant was opened by the Louisiana Ice Manufacturing Company

Electric refrigerator became affordable for household use

Fresh Pond

London

Boston

Havana Mumbai

Martinique Hammond Pond

Calcutta

Roxbury

New York Philadelphia Baltimore Washington

Jamaica Pond

Charleston Savannah

Jakarta

Rio de Janeiro

New Orleans

38

Hong Kong

Madras

Boston

Boston Ice Industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Influence on the World Old Zoning Strategy

2030

Continuity, Duality, Transparency Roxbury, South Boston Fall 2010 M.Arch Year 2 Studio Instructors: Cristina Parreño Sheila Kennedy Building Type: Renovation & Addition to Existing Concrete Tower Program: Design Incubator

R

oxbury is a vibrant community with a rough recent history. During the civil riots of the 70’s, stores on Blue Hill Avenue were looted and eventually burned down, leaving a desolate and abandoned landscape. This landscape of burnt down buildings and trash filled lots discouraged commerce and business development. With the crack epidemic of the 1980’s, Roxbury became one of the most dangerous and least occupied counties in Boston.

Historically however, this particular site was occupied by the Ice industry, which had a powerful influence on the economy of Boston and the commerce of the world. When the invention of the refrigerator made the ice industry obsolete, other industries moved in. Groundwater contamination from the occupation of these other industries resulted in a drop in estate and increase in infectious disease. The purpose of this project is to clean the site through Phytoremedation, the use of plant roots to extract contaminants, and to incorporate public galleries into the icehouse/incubator which reveal the interior and act as a panoptic. Public engagement would encourage future designers to not develop inventions that contaminate the area. The reuse and reactivation of this building unlocks the social and historic potential of an Icehouse.

Population

T

Rise of Light Manufacturing Industry (Boston)

Contamination

1820

T

Diversified T

T

Historic Preservation

Abandonment

DESIGN INCUBATOR

Ecological Preservation

Light industry monetary value

1810

2050

2010

Planning

2040

2000

Abandoned

Abandonment

Rise of Ice Industry (Boston)

Ice House

1980

Crack epidemic Contamination

2010

1913

1880

1861

1868

1940

Massive migration

1920

1830 1829

1805

1825

T

1900

Industrial town

Projection 1830

1850

1850

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

2010

2020

2030

I ce indust ry monet ary v alue

Demand in NY, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Washington grew

First export to Calcutta Frederic Tudor found the natural ice industry.

First export to Carribean

Patent for horse-drawn ice cutting technique

Civil War - Cutting off ice export

First above ground ice house

Incubat or Invention of electric refrigerator

First ice manufacturing plant was opened by the Louisiana Ice Manufacturing Company

Electric refrigerator became affordable for household use

TimeLine of Ice Industry

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

Fresh Pond

London

Boston

39

Remediation Strategy

Hard edge to soft edge

Depreciating Real estate prices

40

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

41

Circulation Diagrams

Continuous arrangement of PUBLIC/ Temporal programs Theatre Cafe Library Ver tical circulation

Graphics Showroom

Industrial Dsn

Showrooms

Storefront

Arch/ Light Manufacturing

Storefront Bike Shop

Exit

Exit

Public programs spiraling downwards

Fab Lab

Entrance

Exit

PUBLIC programs accessible from ground floor

Pub

Entrance

PUBLIC programs accessible from ground floor

Thea

Visual Interaction between PUBLIC / PRIVATE programs

Program Spaces

lic

te r

C a fe L ib ra

Controlled Light

Access to Light

Street Side Access

Private

Graphic Design

Fab Lab (Accessible to Street Lift) Incubator Store Front (Visual ok)

Arch./ Light Manfacturing Arch Gallery

Arch./ Light Manfacturing Theater

Industrial Design

Design Materials Library Fab Lab Cafe

Size

Public

Industrial Design

Geometry

Arch/ Light Manufacturing 2200 sf Industrial Design/ Light Manufacturing 4000 sf

+

Ind. Dsn Gallery

Fab Lab

Bike Gallery

Graphic Design

Graphics Design Gallery

Incubator Admin

Design Material Library

Incubator Store Front

Cafe

Incubator Admin

Incubator Store Front

P ro d

+ +

Graphic Design/ Branding 2000 sf

ry

u c ti

on

Gallery In c A

Gallery

G ra p

Indoor / Outdoor Gallery

d m in

h ic D

e si g

n

Incubator Admin 1,300 sf

Theater Lobby

+

Fabrication Facility / Bike Shop 5,000 sf

In d u A rc h

Theater 5,000 sf In cu

Cafe and Public Lobby 2000 sf Reading

Design and Material Library 3400 sf

Programed Surface

Virtual and Actual Incubator Storefront 2500 sf

+ +

Light Sensitive

r ga

ll e ri

st ri a

l De

it e ct

si g n

u re

es

P ro d Fab

Max Visibility

Max Visual Contact

b a to

u c ti

on

Lab

ZONE 1 Exterior / Outdoor

Pub

ie. Circulation, Break Area, Outdoor Workspace

lic

ZONE 2 Interior Work Space

O u td

ZONE 3

oor

S p a ce

Exterior / Enclosed i.e. Galleries ZONE 4 Interior/ Enclosed i.e. Circulation, Darkrooms

Environmental Diagrams

LESS SOUND LEVEL

LIGHT

DYNAMIC TEMP WELL LITE NOISY GOOD VIEW

THERMAL

VIEW

MORE MORE

MORE TE FL MP UX

nd

nd

ou Gr

ou Gr

0dB 25dB 50dB 75dB 100dB 140dB

LESS

nd

ou Gr

MOST ACCESS MODERATE LIGHT MOST NOISY

LESS L RMA THE S MAS

Wind Diagrams

MOST PEACEFUL THERMAL MASS DARK

GEOTHERMAL SYS ?

Wind Statistic N

22

N

N

N

14

8 E

E W

W

E

E W

W

14

S

S

October Wind Distribution

Janurary Wind Distribution

S July Wind Distribution

S April Wind Distribution

Circulation Maneuvers

Circulation T

Helix

42

Front/Rear Walls Removed

Side Wall Removed

Circulation on Sides

Circulation on All 4 Sides

Circulation Test

test Models Continuity, Duality, Transparency

43

Unrolled Plan CAFE

PUBLIC Entrance Lobby +0.00 0

2

4

8

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25 CAFE +17.00

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

16

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00

VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

PRIVATE

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

FAB LAB

INC ADMIN +58.00

IND DSN +66.00

INC ADMIN +48.60

ARCH DSN +43.50

ARCH ARCH DSN +43.50

Industrial Dsn. Interior Gallery

Industrial Dsn Work Area

Industrial Dsn Work Area

Industrial Dsn Outdoor Work Area

Industrial Dsn. Interior Gallery

Industrial Dsn. Outdoor Gallery 0 2 4

44

8

16

0 2 4

8

16

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

THEATER +120.66

THEATER +108.66

OPTION GALLERIES LIBRARY +100.50

LIBRARY +97.66

THEATER +92.66

THEATER +97.66 Arch. Office

Arch. Office Arch. Workspace

Arch. Gallery

Arch. Workspace

Arch. Gallery Industrial Dsn.

Shared Galleries

Server Space CAFE CAFE

PUBLIC 2

4

8

Printing Cluster

CAFE +17.00

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

Entrance Lobby +0.00 0

PUBLIC

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

THEATER +120.66

THEATER +108.66

OPTION GALLERIES

OPTION GALLERIES LIBRARY +100.50

LIBRARY +97.66

Graphic Gallery

LIBRARY +100.50

THEATER +92.66

Graphic Gallery

LIBRARY +97.66

THEATER +97.66

THEATER +92.66

Ind. Dsn

THEATER +120.66

THEATER +108.66

THEATER +97.66

16 0

2

4

8

16

Shared Galleries

PRIVATE

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY VIR. +45.00 INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

Shared Galleries

PRIVATE

Industrial Dsn Gallery / Outdoor Assembly Work Space

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

FAB LAB

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

FAB LAB

INC ADMIN +58.00

ARCH DSN +43.50

IND DSN INC ADMIN +59.00 +58.00

IND DSN +66.00 INC ADMIN +48.60

INC ADMIN +48.60

ARCH

LIBRARY +88.50

IND DSN +74.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

ARCH DSN +43.50

Industrial Dsn Gallery / Outdoor Assembly Work Space

LIBRARY +88.50

IND DSN +74.00

IND DSN +59.00

IND DSN +66.00

Ind. Dsn

Industrial Dsn Gallery

Industrial Dsn Gallery

ARCH

ARCH DSN +43.50

IND DSN +74.00

Industrial Dsn.

04 Ind. Dsn

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50

Printing Cluster

CAFE +17.00

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

Entrance Lobby +0.00

04

Industrial Dsn.

Server Space

ARCH DSN +43.50

LIBRARY +88.50 Inc Admin Meeting Rm

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Int)

Inc Admin Meeting Rm

Inc Admin Work Area

IND DSN +59.00

Winter Interior Access Ramp

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Int) Winter Interior Access Ramp

Inc Admin Work Area

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

Shared Galleries

Bike Shop

Printing Cluster

Shared Galleries Cafe

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

Printing Cluster

Cafe

Bike Shop CAFE

PUBLIC 4

8

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

16

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00

VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

Shared Galleries Shared Galleries

Shared Galleries

Lobby

Bike Gallery Fab Lab

2

CAFE +17.00

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

Entrance Lobby +0.00 0

Shared Galleries Lobby

PRIVATE

Bike Gallery

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

FAB LAB

Fab Lab

INC AD +48.60

ARCH DSN +43.50

ARCH ARCH DSN +43.50

Bike Gallery

Arch. Office

Bike Gallery

Arch. Office Arch. Workspace

Arch. Workspace

Arch. Gallery

Arch. Gallery Industrial Dsn.

Server Space

Industrial Dsn.

Industrial Dsn.

04 Ind. Dsn

CAFE

Printing Cluster

PUBLIC Entrance Lobby +0.00 0

2

4

8

Printing Cluster

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

OPTION GALLERIES LIBRARY +100.50

CAFE +17.00

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

Industrial Dsn. Bike Shop

Server Space

Graphic Gallery

LIBRARY +97.66

Ind. Dsn

THEATER +120.66

THEATER +108.66

Graphic Gallery

THEATER +92.66

THEATER +97.66

16

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00

VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

PRIVATE

Industrial Dsn Gallery / Outdoor Assembly Work Space

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

FAB LAB

INC ADMIN +58.00 INC ADMIN +48.60

Industrial Design Gallery

ARCH DSN +43.50

Industrial Dsn Gallery / Outdoor Assembly Work Space

Lobby Ind. Dsn

Bike Gallery Fab Lab Industrial Dsn Gallery

IND DSN +59.00

IND DSN +66.00

Ind. Dsn

LIBRARY +88.50

IND DSN +74.00

Industrial Dsn Gallery

ARCH ARCH DSN +43.50

Inc Admin Meeting Rm

Inc Admin Work Area

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Int)

Inc Admin Meeting Rm

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Int)

Winter Interior Access Ramp

Winter Interior Access Ramp

Inc Admin Work Area

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

Architecture Gallery Arch. Office Arch. Workspace Shared Galleries

Shared Galleries

Arch. Gallery

I

Printing Cluster

Cafe Server Space

Bike Shop

CAFE

CAFE

PUBLIC Shared Galleries

Shared Galleries Shared Galleries

Shared Galleries

Entrance Lobby +0.00 0

2

4

8

Printing Cluster

PUBLIC

FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY 0

2

4

8

IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

CAFE +17.00 FAB LAB DISPLAY GALLERY

Entrance Lobby +0.00

16

OPTION GALLERIES

THEATER +108.66

OPTION GALLERIES LIBRARY +100.50

CAFE +17.00

PRIVATE

PRIVATE FAB LAB

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

VIR. INC (HUNG FROM ABOVE)

Fab Lab

Graphic Gallery

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50

LIBRARY +100.50

LIBRARY +97.66

THEATER +92.66

THEATER +120.66

LIBRARY +97.66

THEATER +97.66

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

INC ADMIN +58.00 INC ADMIN +48.60

ARCH

LIBRARY +88.50

IND DSN +74.00

GRAPHIC DSN +22.00

ARCH DSN +43.50

ARCH DSN +43.50

IND DSN +59.00

IND DSN +66.00 INC ADMIN +48.60

INC ADMIN +58.00

IND DSN +74.00

LIBRARY +88.50

IND DSN +59.00

IND DSN +66.00

ARCH

ARCH DSN +43.50

ARCH DSN +43.50

Inc Admin Meeting Rm

Wint Acce

Inc Admin Work Area

Arch. Office Arch. Workspace

Arch. Gallery Shared Galleries Industrial Dsn.

Industrial Dsn.

Printing Cluster Cafe

Server Space Ind. Dsn

Bike Shop

Printing Cluster

Cafe

Bike Shop

Printing Cluster Graphic Gallery Shared Galleries Industrial Dsn Gallery / Outdoor Assembly Work Space

Ind. Dsn

Lobby

Fab Lab

Shared Galleries

Lobby

Bike Gallery Industrial Dsn Gallery

Bike Gallery

Fab Lab

Bike Gallery

Inc Admin Meeting Rm

THEATER +97.66

IND DSN +59.00

ARCH GALLERY +45.00

GRAPHIC DSN +30.00

FAB LAB

Bike Gallery

Architecture Gallery

THEATER +92.66

16

Lobby

Bike Gallery

IND DSN GALLERY +71.50 IND DSN GALLERY +74.25

Bike Gallery

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Int) Winter Interior Access Ramp

Inc Admin Work Area

Industrial Dsn Gallery (Outdoor)

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

45

Industrial Dsn. Outdoor Gallery 0 2 4

Elevations

8

16

Concrete Box Interior Air Barrier and Wood Interior Column Anchor and Plate Stiffeners 0 8 16

32

64

0 8 16

32

64

0 8 16

32

64

Diagrid Structure Hss 4x14” @ Corners Hss 2x12” Elsewhere

Insulation Framing

Sections

0 8 16

32

64

3. Theater

Library/ Cafe

Library Dark Room Graphics Design Worksp

ace

Graphics Gallery 2 Outdo or Ind. Dsn Gallery 1 Po

plar

Fore s

t

4. Graphics Gallery

Industri

al Dsn W orkspac e

Arch. L igh Manufa t ctu

re Gall

Industrial Dsn Gallery

ery 5 Fab

Lab

Bike

46

Galle

ries

0 2 4

8

16

Theater

Library

Graphics Design

Industrial Design Gallery

Architecture / Light Manugacturing Gallery

Architecture / Light Manufacturing

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

47

Structural / Envelope Analysis FORCES

DETAILS FOCUS

Secondary Stiffener

Primary Members, typ.

Primary Stiffener

Secondary Members, typ.

Secondary Stiffener

Secondary Stiffener

Primary Beam

Primary Beam

Tertiary Members, typ.

Fire Escape Core

Stiffener

(e) Columns, typ.

(n) Columns, typ.

Elevator Core

Cantilever Member

2"

24'-

208.2 sf

Cont.

Cantilever Member

10"

35'-

208.2 sf

VS.

35'-10" 5'-1"

7'-3"

F

F_x =0 , F_y = 0, R_a + R_b = 51.1K

R_b = 109.7K R_a = 58.6K

180 psf

F

W=1.5 K/Ft R1=WL = 37.5 Kips

+ M_a = + (4'-5" R_b) - (9'-6" * 51.1K) = 0 WL= 284 sf * 180 PSF = 51.1 K

WL= 208.2 sf x 180 psf = 37.5 Kips

180 psf

19'-1"

4'-5"

24'-2"

W = WL / L = 51.1K / 35'-10" = 1.43 K/ft

R_a = 58.6K

R_a = 109.7K 35'-10" 5'-1"

7'-3"

24'-2" WL = 37.5 Kips

19'-1"

4'-5" - 79.7K + 109.7K =30 K

V

V

0

0

NTS -7.25' * W = -14.8K

Shear Force WL=31.2K NTS

-73.4K + -4.42' * W = 79.7K

-14.8K + -57.6K = -73.4K

24'-2"

M

M

0

35'-10" 5'-1"

7'-3"

19'-1"

4'-5"

NTS

!

0

Max Moment = WL² /2 = 37.5K * 24.16' /2 = 452.7 K-ft 7.25' * 14.8 K /2 = 53.7K

σ =My / I = M / S

Max Moment = Aread under Crv = 7.25' * 14.8 K /2 + 4.42' * 73.4 K + 4.42' * 6.3K / 2

(E) Column Crush / Buckle Calc

Tributary Area = 666.1 SF Crush . . .

Axial Stress: F = P / A P_cr= σ_cr * A = 1.5k/in² * 5.75 ft * 4ft* (12in /ft)(12in /ft) P_cr = 4968 K 180PSF * 666.1 SF = 119.9K 119.9K < 4968K

666.1 sf

= 392.1 K - ft

σ _steel = 15 k/in ² 15 k/in ² = 452.7 K-ft (12in / ft) / S

4'-0"

σ =My / I = M / S

!

Choose

σ _steel = 15 k/in ²

y

5'-9"

S = 362.2 in³ / min

M_max= 392.1 K - ft 15 k/in ² = 392.1 K - ft (12in / ft) / S

Will NOT Crush Buckle . . .

P_cr = pi² E I / L² E_conc= 3000 Ksi I_yy=hb³ /12 = 69in * (48in)³ /12=635904 in^4

y

S = 313.7 in³ / min

4968K = (pi²) (3000 K / in²)(635904 in^4) / L² L² = (pi²) (3000 K / in²)(635904 in^4) / 4968K L² =3789928.1 in² L= 1946.8 in = 162.2' Exisiting building at only 101 ft. New Addition only extend til height of 140'.

Beam Deformation w = 1.43 (k-ft) or 1430 lb/ft L = 35.83 ft E = 29000 ksi or 4176000000 psf I= 3450 in^4 or 0.166377 ft^4

W 18x192

HSS 24x22x5/8

W18x175

W21x147

S = 448 in³ I= 3870 in^4 Weight/Ft = 192 lb

S = 390 in³ I = 4680 in^4 Weight/Ft= 183 lb

S = 344 in³ I= 3450 in^4 Weight/Ft = 175 lb

S = 329 in³ I = 3630 Weight/Ft= 147 lb

HEAVY !

LARGE

Max allowable Deformation= L/ 360 = 0.067 ft ∆ = 5 wL ^4 / ( 384 E I ) = 0.044ft

No continuous member longer than 30' .

Will NOT Buckle

0.044ft < 0.067 ft Will Meet Requirements

BETTER !

Primary = W18x175 Secondary = W18 x 97 Tertiary = W18 x 48

Carbon Offset.

70ft 65ft 30ft

Ratio: .43 Ratio: .39 Ratio: .18

+/- 5700 sf / Per Loop 7 Planes/ Loops in building

Envelope

=39900 sq total

Int

Ext

Unroll Structure Total Length =47041 ft of Steel

Material

Int

Ext

-

Concrete = 22800 sf 2" Thick Steel Total = 47041 Linear Ft W18x175 Ratio: .43 W18x97 Ratio: .39 W18x48 Ratio: .18

-

Weight

Carbon Offset

= 3800 cf

570000 lbs

2.8 lbs / sf

20227 ft 18346 ft 8467 ft Total

3539725 lb 1779562 lb 406434 lb 5725723 lb

258.3 lbs / sf

261.1 lb/sq ft

48

Envelope Composite

Structural / envelope models

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

49

Details

GEORGE X LIN 4.463 BTII ASSIGNMENT 2

1/4" GALVANIZED STEEL C-SECTION CAP 1/4" GALVANIZED STEEL ANGLES HORIZONTALLY 1/4" GALVANIZED STEEL TEE-SECTION 8" DEEP VERTICALLY 1.5" UNTREATED POPLAR BOARDING 2 TO 8" WIDE POLYTHENE SHEETING / BLACK PROPYLENE MATTING 2" HAT CHANNEL MOUNT BALLAST AGGREGATE METAL DECKING W/ 4" CONC. ROOF SLAB. ROOFING EPDM MEMBRANE METAL ROOF JOIST FLASHING, SEALANT 1/4" STEEL PLATE FACADE MOUNT, BOTH SIDES. BOLTED IN FACADE VERTICLE TEE SECTION, TYP.

 MEGA TRUSS TOP MEMBER 5/8" PLYWOOD WITH WEATHER BARRIOR

STEEL I-BEAM 10" DEEP 6" R-30 MINERAL FIBER INSULATION, TYP 1/8" SHEET-STEEL FIN FIXED W/ANGLES TO FACADE, TYP.

2" ALUM PROILE 1.5" UNTREATED POPLAR BOARDING 2 TO 8" WIDE

1/8" GALVINIZED SHEET STEEL BENT TO SHAPE, FIXED TO FIN W/ STEEL FLATS, TYP.

1.5" POPLAR BOARDING TO 6" WIDE

6" R-19 MINERAL FIBER INSULATION, TYP

SEALANT

LOW-E DOUBLE GLAZING

B

C

TYPICAL ROOF DETAIL

0 2" 6"

1'

2'

1 - 1/2" = 1' - 0"

1.5" POPLAR BOARDING TO 6" WIDE

SEALANT

METAL DECKING W/ 4" CONC. FLOOR SLAB.

D A

50

PARTIAL SHORT SEC. THR BLDING 1 / 4" = 1' - 0"

0

1' 2'

5'

10'

C

TYPICAL CANTILEVER FLOOR DETAIL 1 - 1/2" = 1' - 0"

0 2" 6"

1'

2'

SEALANT

METAL DECKING W/ 4" CONC. FLOOR SLAB.

D A

PARTIAL SHORT SEC. THR BLDING

0

1' 2'

5'

10'

TYPICAL CANTILEVER FLOOR DETAIL

0 2" 6"

1'

2'

1 - 1/2" = 1' - 0"

C

1 / 4" = 1' - 0"

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

GRAVEL

SOIL

D

1' 2 DIAMETER FOOTING DRAIN

E

E E

ENLARGED DETAIL SECTION

0

6" 1'

2'

TYPICALFOOTING DETAIL

0 2" 6"

1'

2'

1 - 1/2" = 1' - 0"

5'

1 / 2" = 1' - 0"

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

51

Theater Space

Exterior Circulation

Interior Circulations

52

Interior Core

Continuity, Duality, Transparency

53

Sketches by Chia Yang Weng

Above:

54

Aerial perspective of village center -Bridge crossing river 活力新城市中心鸟瞰图- 桥边情境透视

Below: Plaza and Nodes

结点 - 广场

Village for Vitality Jinan, China

Summer 2012 Collab. Workshop w/ Qinhua Univ.

Instructors: Dennis Frenchman Jan Wampler Design Type: Mixuse Urban Residential Community Team: Alexis Howland, Chia Yang Weng, Ian Caine, Liu Cheng, Yu Tao.

V

illage for Vitality (V V) is dedicated to increasing the compatibility of West Jinan with the natural environment by providing sustainable development strategies to link individuals , groups. and community-based ecological activities. V V is a project of the MIT-Tsinghua Joint Urban Design Studio that promotes the concept of energy efficiency and emphasizes sustainability with smart urban growth. The goal of our project is to improve the quality of the air; lower the use of nonrenewable resources; encourage the building of green homes, offices, and other structures; reserve more u ser friendly green space, support environmentally-friendly methods of transportation (electric vehicle and bicycle sharing program); and offer recycling programs. V V embraces livable-city principles and design strategies that enhance the health and well-being of citizens in urban environments.

藉由连结个人、团体及小区生态环境的发展策 略，本案「活力新城」旨在兼顾济南西部新城开发与自 然环境的保护。又本案是美国麻省理工学院与中国清华 大学联合都市计划课程的实习作业，该课程主要目的再 探讨减少都市能耗、可持续发展及智能型都市成长。城 市的生产效能源自于城市环境的健康程度，本设计思想 主要在提升空气质量、降低能耗、鼓励绿色建筑、创造 多样绿地、绿色交通(电力车及共享脚踏车措施)及资源 回收。「活力新城」的规划成果展现本组对于可居住性 城市的想法，藉由本案的都市设计手法，希望可以提供 济南市民更健康及舒适的都市活环境。

Below: River Side Public Space

河滨开放空间

West Jinan NOW 现有济南西城都市计划图

West Jinan future 未来济南都市计划图

Village for Vitality 活力新城

55

SITE MAP 基地位置图

West Jinan NOW 现有济南西城都市计划图

BEIJING TIAN JIN

JINAN

QIING DAO

ZHENG ZHOU XUZHOU NANJING SUZHOU

DOWNTOWN AREA

SHANGHAI

HISTORIC CENTER

RAIL PRIMARY SECONDARY

RAIL COMMERICAL R+D

Energy principles 节能设计原则

DESIGN STRATEGIES 设计战略 REGIONAL SCALE 区域计划

PASSIVE SYSTEMS

site SCALE 基地计划

cluster SCALE 建筑簇群计划

unit scale 单元计划

NATURAL VENTILATION 自然通风

2

MAXIMIZE PASSIVE SOLAR 日照发电面积最大化

Buildings have primary north-South Facing facades, Staggered and Stepped back to MINIMIZED SHADOWS ON ADJACENT BUILDINGS. 建筑朝向优先南北向，尽量减少来自附近建筑的阴影，建筑形式错落并 逐层后退。

3

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT 雨水驻留回收管理

permeable Landscapes Reduce heat island effects. 可通达的景观网络，降低城市热岛效应。

4

PHOTOVOLTAIC GENERATION 太阳能光电系统

CLUSTER DESIGN

ALL RESIDENTIAL UNITS ON SOUTH

ACTIVE SYSTEMS

善用绿能科技

BUILDING layout and design ALLOWs FOR NATURAL VENTAILATION. Perimeter buildings block cold winter winds from rest of site. 建筑布局与设计允许自然通风。周边的建筑群阻止了冬天的冷风从基地其 他的地方刮过来。

1

善用自然环 境系统

Clusters are designed like Terraces and Buildings are oriented for maximum access to the sun. 组团设计成梯田一样，建筑设计为最大程度上获得日照。 R TE WIN DS WIN

5

ER MM SU DS WIN

GEOTHERMAL 地热系统

CLUSTERs TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE CONSISTANT YEAR-ROUND subterranean TEMPERATURES by using GEOTHERMAL pumps.

L

L

MA

MA

6

BEHAVIOR CHANGE

PEDESTRIAN PERMEABILITY 创造步行环境

9

MIXED-USE 土地混用

TH

细密的网格系统使活力之城有很强的灵活性。

ELECTRIC VEHICLEs 电力汽车

8

改变使用行为

GEO

SMART GRID SYSTEMS ALLOWs vv TO be FLEXIBLE when ADAPTing to and SHifting PEAK LOADS.

SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES 智能型供电管理系统 7

TH

通过地热泵，组团可以利用全年恒温的地表温度采暖。

ER

ER

GEO

The Design of accessible public Space at different scales allows visitors to enter the site while increasing residential access. 不同尺度的开放空间设计可以容纳更多的住户，同时可以使更多的来访者 进入社区。 within each cluster, there is a Diverse range of uses, height, units and building types. 每个组团内部的功能、高度、单元和建筑设计都有非常多的种类。

10 REDUCED PARKING 减少停车位

A

subway station

B

D

subway station

By MAking the city more permeable, inhabitants and visitors can walk to more destinations instead of driving. 为增强可达性，居民和访客可以步行到他们的目的地而不需要小汽车。

C

A

11 BIKE SHARE 脚踏车共享

56

walk

EV Priority Parking (18m)

bicycle

parking/green two cars, one way 18m

walk

B

walk

C

one car (15m)

bicycle

parking/green one car 15m

walk

walk

two cars/two bicycles (24m)

bicycle

two cars, one way 24m

bicycle

walk

D

two cars/one bicycle (16m)

walk

bicycle

two cars, one way 16m

walk

Bikes are the prefered mode of transportation on site. bike share stations are located in nodes adjacent to parking structures. 在这里，自行车是最推荐的交通工具。在停车场周边也有很多自行车停 车点。

health and wellness 卫生与健康 research and development 研发 rETAIL 零售 ENTERTAINMENT 休闲娱乐 RESIDENTIAL 居住 EDUCATION 教育

smaller urban block 小城市街区

9 Min Walk 6 Min Walk 3 Min Walk

Nodes

9 分钟步行 6 分钟步行 3 分钟步行

Pedestrian permeability 步行渗透性

traffic-calmed area 交通稳静化区域

hIERARCHY OF pUBLIC sPACE 公共空间层级

URBAN FORM: MAKING PLACE NOT SPACE 城市形式:创造场所，而非仅是空间

Village for Vitality 活力新城

57

Cluster Design 建筑簇群设计

COURTYARD SCHEME (GOAL) UNITS / HA: 241 (VS 172) POP / HA: 721 FAR: 3~5 (VARIES PER LOCATION)

D

Y

IT

S

N

E

D

SM

AL

PE

LS

HO

DE

PS

ST

RI

AN

+R

Y D

Y

IT

S

N

E

DECREASED SHADING

DISTRIBUTED DENSITY

OPTIMAL PASSIVE HEATING AND LIGHTING

IT

S

N

E

CLUSTER DESIGN

CLUSTER DESIGN

CLUSTER DESIGN

CLUSTER DESIGN

SOLAR + PROGRAM INTRODUCTION

D

Y

IT

S

N

E

ES

ST

TA U

RE

ET

RA

NT

S

1

R 85%

ME 2 SUM

4

4 6

4 TER 2 WIN

30°

8 1

E

OF

S S NT OP RA E SH TAU BOV S A RE ICE F

9

MAL

W L + C ALMAR T HINE SE C (ABOVE ) IRCU IT C ITY

5

G IN ET ME CE A SP

/ AC PS SP TU OR AR AT ST UB

NC

IN

7

3

11

BIK

PAR K

ING

REPA

IR SH

OPS

OD

HO OR HB IG NE PS O SH

ING

8 6 7

N

N

IO AT

E CR

E OV

AB

RE

S TS OP AN SH AUR ST RE

8

1. Natural Ventilation 自然通风 2. Maximize Passive Solar 日照发电面积最大化

7. Electric Vehicles 电力汽车

3. Storm Water Management 8. Pedestrian Permeability 雨水驻留回收管理 创造步行环境 4. Photovoltaic Generation 太阳能光电系统

9. Mixed-use 土地混用

5. Geothermal 地热系统

10. Reduced Parking 减少停车位

6. Smart Grid Technology 智能型供电管理系统

11. Bike Share 脚踏车共享

58

5

CLUSTER DESIGN

CLUSTER DESIGN

MIX USE WHILE MAINTAINING DENSITY

CLUSTER DESIGN

CLUSTER DESIGN

SINGLE LOADED BUILDINGS

DECREASED SHADING/OPEN ACCESS

INCREASE DENSITY + BARRIER WALL

S

N

E

D

Y

IT

S

N

E

D

Y

IT

W

TY

AIL ET ER RG ET LA ARK M

DS

WIN

I

S

N

E

D

ER INT

S

N

E

D

Y

IT

TH PA D. PE AIL ET R E RG G LA RKIN PA

JUNE 21 夏至

6 7 ER NT WI NDS WI

1

ER MM SU DS N WI

10am

12PM

2PM

11

O

GE

L

MA

ER

TH

O

GE

5

L

MA

ER

TH

5

10am

12PM

Dec. 21 冬至

2PM

2

Shading Study 日照陰影研究

Geothermal 地热系统

Alternative Transp. 提供便捷腳踏車服務 JUNE 21 2PM

30m

11m

Upgrade Plan 2 2 Bdrm = 96 sm 1 BDRM = 59 sm

11m

Upgrade Plan 1 2 Bdrm = 96 sm 1 BDRM = 59 sm

11m

Baseline Plan 2 Bdrm = 92 sm 1 BDRM = 51 sm

30m

30m

59

60

Strategostructure

WTC, New York City

Fall 2011 M.Arch Year 3 Studio Instructors: Joshua Prince Ramus Otto Ng Bldg Program: Adaptive reuse of (e) skycrapper

commercial base. Tower programs

replaced w/ cultural venues.

Team Cinema: Alex Marshall & Nancy Kim

Strategostructure

studio is tasked with the complex ideological riddle of negotiating issues of urbanism, political/ social frameworks, institutions, ego, form, structure, expression, authorship and culture, all of which must endeavor to coalesce into a “cultural totem”. In order to define “cultural totem”, (a potential architectural typology) used to define a tower composed of 4 discrete cultural venues (museum, library, theater, cinema), it is important to first understand the meanings of culture and totem.

Culture is most often defined as shared attitudes, values, goals and practices that characterize an institution, organization, or entity. This serves to define patterns of human knowledge, belief and behavior that depend upon the capacity for social learning and symbolic thought. Totem is defined as a symbolic representation of a group.

Mission Statement:

The Cultural Totem shall provide an opportunity to experience four discrete cultural venues as one cultural institution. Combining four discrete silos of information provides a more holistic experience than what currently exists. Thus this provides four or more multiple perspectives.

It heightens the experience and can increase social and cultural awareness. The four venues will be combined via synergized programs between the museum/library, library/ theater, and theater/cinema. The methods of synergizing consist of reinvention, invention, and spatial confluence.

Synergistic spaces are a reflection of an insistent stance we are taking to convey that culture is a network of perceptions, thoughts, ideas – how information is absorbed.

This constant flow of information stimulates brain activity, which is tied to the fact that the more you know, the more you realize the intrinsic network of venues – that all the venues rely on each other to be enriching environments.

Strategostructure

61

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE PARAMETERS

STUDIO

The Cultural Totem, WTC Tower 3

EXISTING EXISTINGCONDITIONS ROGERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S PLINTH

THEATER

BUILDABLE AREA

BUILDAB

EXISTING CORE EXISTING EGRESS, TYP.

CINEMA

EXISTING SERVICE ELEVATORS, TYP. EXISTING ELEVATORS, TYP. 42+ 8 IN RETAIL

LIBRARY

MUSEUM L

M C

T

The Uber Lobby is the synergizier, the confluence of all venues. It shall be considered as the main circulation hub of the Strategostructure. All venue entry sequences should begin in the Uber Lobby. Venue designers have the option of creating a sub-entry lobby within each venue.

PARAMETERS EXISTING CONDITIONS

CORE 3

10

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

CORE 4

CORE 2

THEATER SERVICE ELEVATORS, TYP. EGRESS, TYP. ELEVATORS, TYP. 40 TOTAL

CINEMA

CORE 2

LIBRARY

MUSEUM

THEATER BUILDABLE AREA

62

BUILDABLE AREA

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE STUDIO CIRCULATION

CIRCULATION LOGIC: SERVICE + PEOPLE + EXIT EGRESS ANALYSIS: FIGURE E

The proposed Rogers elevator Thecore proposed will beRogers repurposed elevator as core will be repurposed as the central escalator core. Elevators the central must escalator follow core. legislated Elevators must follow legislated parameters. [See Figure B]parameters. [See Figure B] ANALYSIS: FIGURE F

CORE 3

CORE 2

STRATEGOSTRUCTU PROGRAM

CORE 2

CORE 3

OVERALL SYNERGIES LEGISLATION / ICON EGRESS

EGRESS

SERVICE ELEVATORS

king The(M, venue L, T,stacking C, UL) shown (M, L,above T, C, UL) is ashown result above is a result SERVICE TUNNEL

[Museum + Library] at least four synergy collectively spatializ programs are intend which otherwise can synergy programs sh synergy guidelines in dimensions and gros

N

N

WITHIN TING ENVELOPE, THE EXISTING VENUES ENVELOPE, ARE FREE VENUES TO EXPRESS ARE FREE TO EXPRESS HETIC/FORMAL HEIR OWN AESTHETIC/FORMAL AGENDA. EACH VENUE AGENDA. IS ITS EACH OWN VENUE IS ITS OWN Y. NDIVIDUAL ENTITY.

24

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

RUCTURE STRATEGOSTRUCTURE STUDIO STUDIO STRUCTURE

82

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

83

TRANSFER PLATE AND LAUNCH PADTRANSFER ASSEMBLY PLATE AND LAUNCH PAD ASSEMBLY

AUDITORAMA RARE STUFF DISCOVER THIS GRANDHALL

AUDITORAMA RARE STUFF DISCOVER THIS

+SYNERGY GRANDHALL

+SYNERGY

BLINEMA BOX C.P.A.C.

LAUNCHPAD SYNERGY ZONE

LOADS

SYNERGY+

LAUNCHPAD SYNERGY ZONE

(CENTER FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS & CINEMA)

SYNERGY+

BLINEMA BOX C.P.A.C.

(CENTER FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS & CINEMA)

LOADS

entral elevator core of The the existing central elevator tower has core been of the existing tower has been d into four new elevator divided cores.into These fourfour newcores elevator are cores. These four cores are imary load-bearing structure the primary for the load-bearing tower. structure for the tower.

LAUNCHPAD SYNERGY ZONE

LAUNCHPAD SYNERGY ZONE

The launchpad(s) must be occupiable The launchpad(s) and located mustwithin be occupiable the and located within the synergy zones of the M/L, T/C. synergy zones of the M/L, T/C.

Strategostructure

63

PROGRAM PROGRAMANALYSIS RANKING STACKING

2 LOWER POSITION HIGHER RANKING POSITION

1

4 POSITION

1

2 3 4 1

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE STUDIO T 1 3

T M L C

2

3 4 1

TIME (ACCESS)

M 4 L 2 C 1

Th

TIME (ACCESS)

3

2

COMFORT OCCUPANCY COMFORT OCCUPANCY

Mu

4

MAX OCCUPANCY

T M L C

LIGHT

LIGHT

T 1 M 4 PROGRAMANALYSIS RANKING L 3 STACKING C 2

MAX OCCUPANCY

PROGRAM

T M L C

1

T M L C

1

Li

GOSTRUCTURE STUDIO STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

T M L C

1 4 3 2

T M L C

4

2

1

3

T M L C

3

4

2

1

T M L C

2

3

4 1

3 4

2 3 4

T M L C

2

T M L C

2

T M L C

1

2

3

4

3 4 1

3 4 1

T M L C

4

T M L C

4

Ci

T M L C

2 3 4 1

3 1 2

3 1 2

T M L C

4

T M L C

4

T M L C

4

3

1

2

3 2 1

T M L C

1 T LOWER 2 POSITION M 3 RANKING L 4 POSITION C 1

T M L C

3 2 1

4

3 2 1

2 3 4 1

T M L C

2

3 2

T M L C

2

RANKING POSITION

T M L C

2 3 4 1

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

18

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

L

3

C

2

1 3

C

T

GUIDE M

T M L C

1 3

2

4

1

3

L C T 2 4 MGUIDE L 3 C 1

T M L C

4

CIRCULATION 18

1

T

LOWER POSITION

1

T

4

HIGHER POSITION

4

2

L

3

C

2

4 3 1

GUIDE

T M L C

2

4

3

1

T M L C

T M L C

2

1

M 4

T

M L C

T

The ranking system works as follows. Each program is ranked based on the percieved position in the building stack, based on substantial evidence relating to each category. In each category the program is assigned a number value, which is then summed to find the proper position in the strategostructure. The lower the value, the lower the position in the stack.

The ranking system works as follows. Each program is ranked based on the percieved position in the building stack, based on substantial evidence relating to each category. In each category the program is assigned a number value, which is then 3 summedT to 2find the proper position T 32 in the strategostructure. The lower the value, 4 the lower 1 position in the stack.

M the M 40 2 L 4 L 34 1 C 3 C 24

3 4 2 1

T M L C

3

4

2

1

T M L C

2 1 4 3

40 34 24

T M L C

2 1 4 3

32 T STRATEGOSTRUCTURE M 40 L 34 C 24

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

TOURISM

SECURITY (FORMAL)

PROGRAMATIC ADJACENCY

STRUCTURAL LOADS

VIEWS

OPEN HOURS

PUBLIC-PRIVATE

REVENUE

SERVICE ACCESS

TIME (ACCESS)

COMFORT OCCUPANCY

MAX OCCUPANCY

LIGHT

64

32

The ranking system works as follows. Each program is ranked based on the percieved position in the building stack, based on substantial evidence relating to each category. In each category the program is assigned a number value, which is then summed to find the proper position in the strategostructure. The lower the value, the lower the position in the stack.

ANALYSIS

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

T M L C

19

19

SUM

18

2

STRUCTURAL LOADSSTRUCTURAL LOADS

2

T M L C

VIEWS

4

VIEWS

3

3

OPEN HOURS

1

T M L C

OPEN HOURS

2

PUBLIC-PRIVATE

2

4

PUBLIC-PRIVATE

3

T M L C

REVENUE

4

2

REVENUE

1

3

M 4

3

Ci

SERVICE ACCESS

T M L C

Li

SERVICE ACCESS

Th

Mu

L C

L

SUM

Ci

M

SUM

Li

1

TOURISM

Th

Mu

T

M 4

3

PROGRAMATIC ADJACENCY PROGRAMATIC ADJACENCY

PROGRAMANALYSIS RANKING STACKING

TOURISM

HIGHER POSITION

4

SECURITY (FORMAL)SECURITY (FORMAL)

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE STUDIO

PROGRAM

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

19

STRATEGOSTRUCTUR

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE STUDIO

CIRCULATION

TOTAL OCCUPANCY

ANALYSIS: FIGURE D

MUSEUM

LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC SERVICES

CINEMA

THEATER

LOBBY

PUBLIC AREAS

VISITOR AREAS

TOTAL OCCUPANCY OFFICE

EXHIBITION AREAS

19 SCREENS

= 1.8 M²

= 2.3 M²

LARGE THEATER STORAGE

BLACK BOX / INTIMATE THEATER

= DESIGN

= 18.5 M²

EXHIBITION

OTHER

= 2.3 M²

STAFF AREAS / STORAGE

THEATER

WORKSHOP

= 18.5 M²

OCCUPANCY CODES

= 2 M²

01 PROGRAM OCCUPANCY CODES. USE GENERIC TABLE TO IDENTIFY

JUNCTION POINT / 24 HR

SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS

CLASSROOM

LIBRARY

= 9.2 M²

SPECIFIC OCCUPANCY.

SUPPORT SPACES

4,885 OCCUPANTS

5,096 OCCUPANTS

19,921 OCCUPANTS 3,426 OCCUPANTS

OTHER PROGRAMS

6,513 OCCUPANTS **

= 100 OCCUPANTS

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE CIRCULATION 80

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

STUDIO

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

ARRIVAL (9 PM-12AM)

ANALYSIS : FIGURE C

USER PATTERNS / ELEVATOR CONFIGURATIONS

Elevators

Highest Occupant Program(s)

M L T C

81

M L T C

Exhibition Space Max Occ: 3821

16 16 4 4

Occupants Served (5 Min Interval)

933 933 233 350

/ 3821

/ 4575

/ 800

/ 1059

24% 20% 30% 33%

of Exhibition Space

Reading Hall

Large Theater

Imax + Large Cinema

Occupants Served (30 Min Interval)

5600 5600 1400 2100

100% 100% 100% 100%

of Exhibition Space

Reading Hall

Large Theater

Imax + Large Cinema

Reading Hall Max Occ: 4575 EXCHANGE (6-9PM)

Large Theater Max Occ: 800

Elevators

Imax + Large Cinema Max Occ: 1059

M L T C

12 16 6 6

Occupants Served (5 Min Interval)

700 933 350 525

/ 3821

/ 4575

/ 800

/ 1059

18 % 20 % 44 % 50 %

of Exhibition Space

Reading Hall

Large Theater

Imax + Large Cinema

Occupants Served (30 Min Interval)

4200 5600 2100 3150

100% 100% 100% 100%

of Exhibition Space

Reading Hall

Large Theater

Imax + Large Cinema

DISCHARGE (9PM-1AM) Elevators

Arrival (9am- 3pm) 78

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

Exchange (6-9pm)

Discharge (9 pm-12am)

M L T C

Occupants Served (30 Min Interval)

Occupants Served (5 Min Interval)

Services 4 Only 233for Janitorial 6% 1440 37% 4 233 78% 1440 100% 16 933 100% 2450 100% 16 1400 100% 3675 100% / 3821

/ 4575

/ 800

/ 1059

of Exhibition Space

of Exhibition Space

24 Hr Library

24 Hr Library

Large Theater

Large Theater

Imax + Large Cinema

Imax + Large Cinema

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

Strategostructure

79

65

LAW The Lobby and YERKES-DODSON Cinema Experience

STRONG

ISSUE IMMERSION / ENGAGEMENT / ISOLATION

STRONG

SIMPLE TASK

UNDIVIDED ATTENTION

SURPRISE

DIVIDED ATTENTION

WEAK

BUT SUBMISSION

APPREHENSIONAWE SUBMISSION AGITATION AROUSAL LEVEL APPREHENSION

AWE

AL CINEMA EXPERIENCE AIGHT TO THE STEAK”

DIFFICULT TASK

ANXIETY

FILM = TASK THAT REQUIRES FOCUSED ATTENTION

AWE

APPREHENSION

SUBMISSION

AGITATION

SURPRISE

ASK

TENTION

ANXIETY AGITATION

TYPICAL CINEMA EXPERIENCE ISSUE “STRAIGHT TO THE STEAK” OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE CINEMA ISSUEEXPERIENCE

YERKES-DODSON LAW

SURPRISE SURPRISEIMMERSION ANXIETY ANXIETY / ENGAGEMENT / ISOLATION

STRONG

!?

DIFFICULT TASK

UNDIVIDED UNDIVIDED ATTENTION ATTENTION

PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE

AGITATION

DIVIDED ATTENTION SIMPLE SIMPLE TASK TASK

ROBERT PLUTCHIK WHEEL

CONCESSION

AROUSAL LEVEL ISSUE SURPRISE ANXIETY FILM = TASK THAT REQUIRES FOCUSED ATTENTION OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE CINEMA EXPERIENCE TYPICAL CINEMA EXPERIENCE DIFFICULT DIFFICULT TASKTASK DIVIDED DIVIDED ATTENTION YERKES-DODSON LAW -ATTENTION AROUSAL “STRAIGHT TO THE STEAK”

VS

PERFORMANCE

STRONG

STRONGSTRONG

WEAK

SIMPLE TASK

WEAK

AROUS

AROUSAL OF THEATTENTION PALETTE FILM = TASK THAT REQUIRES FOCUSED

ISSUE “INCREASED FOCUS” “HIGHER MEMORY RETENTION” FILM = TASK THAT REQUIR OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE CINEMA EXPERIENCE ISSUE IMMERSION / ENGAGEMENT / ISOLATION

TYPICAL CINEMA EXPERIENCE CHILD PSYCHOLOGY

CONCESSIONCONCESSION

STRONG

SIMPLE TASK

UNDIVIDED ATTENTION PERFORMANCE

DIFFICULT TASK DIVIDED ATTENTION AROUSAL LEVEL

CONCESSION

YERKES-DODSON LAW “STRAIGHT TO THE STEAK” CONSUMERISM

DIFFICULT TASK

DIVIDED ATTENTION

FILM = TASK THAT REQUIRES FOCUSED ATTENTION AROUSAL LEVEL

(2004) FILMFILM = TASK = TASK THATTHAT REQUIRES REQUIRES FOCUSED FOCUSED ATTENTION ATTENTION

AL

DIFFICULT TASK

!? !?

WEAK

TYPICAL CINEMA EXPERIENCE CUE UTILIZATION THEORY J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959) “STRAIGHT TO THE STEAK” AROUSAL AROUSAL LEVEL LEVEL

!?

FILM

UNDIVIDED ATTENTION

IMMERSION IMMERSION / ENGAGEMENT / ENGAGEMENT / ISOLATION / ISOLATION

WEAK

(1908)

WEAK WEAK

AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS

YERKES-D

ATTENTION YERKES-DODSON LAW UNDIVIDED STRONG TYPICAL CINEMA EXPERIENCE SIMPLE TASK “STRAIGHT TO THE STEAK” YERKES-DODSON YERKES-DODSON LAW LAW ISSUE ISSUE PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE

UNDIVIDED ATTENTION

USAL OF THE PALETTE

WEAK

YERKES-DODSON LAW / ISOLATION IMMERSION / ENGAGEMENT

SIMPLE TASK

T TASK

ANXIETY

ANXIETY

STRONG

NTION

SURPRISE

CONCESSION

SURPRISE

ISSUE

AGITATION AGITATION

!?

PERFORMANCE

AGITATION

PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE

ST

Y

ISSUE ISSUE OPPORTUNITY OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE TO ENHANCE CINEMA CINEMA EXPERIENCE EXPERIENCE

!?

AND

DIVIDED ATTENTION

AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS

WEAK

AROUSAL LEVEL “HIGHER MEMORY RETENTION” ROBERT PLUTCHIK WHEEL

“INCREASED FOCUS”

OFFOCUSED THE PALETTE FILM = TASK THATAROUSAL REQUIRES ATTENTION AROUSAL OF THE PALETTE

ROBERT PLUTCHIK WHEEL

CONCESSION

AROUSAL OF THE PALETTE

ROBERT ROBERT PLUTCHIK PLUTCHIK WHEEL WHEEL

ISSUE OPPORTUNITY TO ENHANCE CINEMA EXPERIENCE

YERKES-DODSON LAW - AROUSAL (1908)

CUE UTILIZATION THEORY J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959)

ROBERT PLUTCHIK WHEEL

=

YERKES-DODSON LAW - AROUSAL (1908) ROBERT PLU LAW - AROUSAL (1908) CUE UTILIZATION THEORY “INCREASED FOCUS” “HIGHER MEMORY RETENTION” J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959) CUE UTILIZATION THEORY J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959) CHILD PSYCHOLOGY “ (2004) CHILD PSYCHOLOGY (2004) CONSUMERISM “INCREASED FOCUS” “HIGHER “HIGHER MEMORY MEMORY RETENTION” RETENTION” “INCREASED FOCUS” CONSUMERISM

AROUSAL OF THE PALETTE YERKES-DODSON

YERKES-DODSON YERKES-DODSON LAW LAW - AROUSAL - AROUSAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY (1908) (1908) (2004)

CUE CUE UTILIZATION UTILIZATION THEORY THEORY CONSUMERISM J.A. EASTERBROOK J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959)(1959)

CHILD CHILD PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS (2004)(2004)

YER

YERKES-DODSON

AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS

CONSUMERISM CONSUMERISM

(1

CUE UTILIZA

ROBERT PLUTCHIK WHEEL

J.A. EASTER

CHILD PS

(2

YERKES-DODSON LAW - AROUSAL (1908)

66

CUE UTILIZATION THEORY

CONSU AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS

AROUSAL OF EMOTIONS

J.A. EASTERBROOK (1959)

CHILD PSYCHOLOGY

“INCREASED FOCUS”

“HIGHER MEMORY RETENTION”

APPENDIX

ISOMETRIC SECTION STRUCTURE / CIRCULATION

STRATEGOSTRUCTURE

AWE

APPREHENSION

SUBMISSION

AGITATION

SURPRISE

127

ANXIETY Strategostructure

67

68

Strategostructure

69

Future Predictions

Current Situation

1800 1750 1700 1650 1600 1550 1500 1450 1400 1350 1300

Future Predictions 1800 1750 1700 1650 1600 1550 1500 1450 1400 1350 1300

net Users of US

97

70

Social Center

5.6 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%

98

99

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08 09 Year

4.5% Decrease in Circulations

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Very Few Collection Circulations 73.6%

18

19

20

Circulations Per 1000 Visits All (Library Media)

Per Capita Visits

12% Increase in Visits

% Internet Users of US

97

Current Situation

Social Center

5.6 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 98

99

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08 09 10 Year

4.5% Decrease in Circulations

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

18

19

20

Very Few Collection Circulations

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

73.6%

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

73.6 % of American have access to the Internet as of 2007

04

05

06

07

08 09 10 Year

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

99% Of Americans Will have access to Internet by 2010

Circulations Per 1000 Visits All (Library Media)

Per Capita Visits

12% Increase in Visits

Urban Archive Leechmere, Boston Fall 2010 M.Arch Year 2 Studio

Instructors: Ana Miljacki MeeJin Yoon Building Type: Library / Metro Stop

At one point in history, books became faster than

architecture at spreading culture and knowledge, but in the late 20th century, the internet undermined the book in its turn. Today the speed of the book seems glacial when compared to the speed of the internet, which grants its users instant access to vast amounts of information. In America, access to the internet has increased from 44% to 72% within the last 10 years. Books are digitalized and read online without necessitating any physical trip to the library.

As the value of the book is lost, the architecture that houses it becomes vague. In the last 10 years, we have also seen a steady, 4.5% decrease in the circulation of library books per year; however, the number of library visits has increased by 12%. In the most traditional sense, the space of the library was dedicated to a collection of books. It was an interface between that organized authoritative collection of knowledge and the readers who sought it out, first private and then public. But in the modern scenario, the library collection has expanded to include many additional programs such as digital media, maps, childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s collections, tax aid, and job training. In recent years, libraries, some of which even include cafes, are becoming social centers one visits for specific services and information rather than for books.

Considering the possibility that books will become even more obsolete than they are today, and that books may even reach the status of relics, my project relegates the book to the archive. The purpose of this maneuver is both to acknowledge the reality of the contemporary library (other public deliveries of knowledge and spaces of interaction are, in fact, relevant today) and to elevate the book anew as an object. Through their symbolic presence in the archive, books are simultaneously presented as a towering mass and as fragile objects to be handled with special care.

Urban Archive

71

Variant Heights

3'-6" 3

'-0

"

" '-0

2 ’-6 ”

”

”

”

Intersection w/ Programs

" '-0

3'-6" 3 2 ’-6 ”

”

”

”

’-6

’-6

’-4

2

2

2

Straight Aisle

"

'-0

5'-0" 3

6'-10" 3

7'-6" 3

'-0

"

'-0

"

Straight Aisle

’-6

’-6

’-4

Variant Heights

2

2

2

Typical

5'-0" 3

Most Libraries Today...

6'-10" 3

7'-6" 3

'-0

"

'-0

"

Typical

Intersection w/ Programs

Typ. Seating

History Of Library Collection

eBOOK

WWW DATABASE PHOTOCOPY AUDIO CASSETTE

MAGAZINES

CINEMA NEWSPAPER COMIC BOOKS PHOTOGRAPHY

BOOKS MAPS

YELLOWPAGES DOCUMENTARY PAPER BACK VIDEO

MICROCHIP FLOOPY CD- ROM COMPACT DISC

1100

72

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2020

Typ. Seating

Most Libraries Tomorrow...

White Glove Reading Area User

+

+

User Book Request

Book Sort Librarian

+

Library Transformation

Urban Archive

73

Top of R +8

Top of R +8

Top of R +4

3rd L

Top of+3 R 2nd+4 L +2

3rd L +3 EntrL 2nd

+2

Entr

74

Roof 80'-0"

Roof 80'-0"

Hide and Seek

Circulation

Kids Area

T - User

Media Pods

Student

Reading Carrels Reading Carrels

T Cafe

Kiosk

0 5 10

25

50

100 Media Market

0 5 10

25

50

100

Media Market

Media Pods

Rare Book Readers

Roof 46'-0"

Level 34''-0" Roof 46'-0" Level 22'-0"

T

Level 34''-0" rance Level 0'-0" 22'-0"

rance 0'-0"

0 5 10

25

50

100 Top of Roof +80'-0"

0 5 10

25

50

100 Top of Roof +80'-0"

4th Level +46'-0" 3rd Level 4th+34-0" Level +46'-0" 2nd Level +22'-0" 3rd Level +34-0" Bottom of Overhang +17'-6" 2nd Level +22'-0" Ground Level 0'-0" Bottom of Overhang +17'-6" Ground Level 0'-0"

Urban Archive

75

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dia

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10

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3rd Level Plan 3/32" = 1'-0"

+2

0'-

0

20

0

0 5 10

30

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W Ga hite dis lle Gl pl ry ove ay

40

0

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ion

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dia

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2nd Level Plan 3/32" = 1'-0"

0 5 10

25

50

Site Plan 1/32" = 1'-0" 0 10

50

100 Urban Archive

77

Roof / Skylites

3rd Level Study Spaces

Mesh Facade Glazing Outer Truss Media Market

White Glove Reading Rooms Art Collection

Admin / Support Spaces

Small Media Pod Cluster

Portuguese Rare Book Collection

Inner Truss

Small Media Pod Cluster

Oversize Art books

Inner Truss

Newsprints Admin / Support Spaces

Children's Library Rare Book Archive

White Glove Reading Rooms

Large Media Pod Cluster

Lobby Entrance Stairs

Glazing Mesh Facade

Conference Area

78

Outer Truss

H Furniture Basic Foam Furniture Component

Media Pod

Kiosk

Basic Soft Seating

Spacial Adjacency Aud.

Hi Tech Public

Spacial Hierarchy

Spacial Adjacency

Furniture

Aud.

Basic Foam Furniture Component

Additional Possible Uses Public

Public

On Side

Media Pod Reading Area/ Study

Reading Area/ Study

Kiosk

Benches Media Market Basic Soft Seating

Cafe

Cafe

ET

Media Kiosk Additional Possible Uses Media Room Conf Rm Pres Rm

Media Room Conf Rm Pres Rm

On Side Media Market

Media Market +

Benches

+

Sound Wall Collective / Public Spaces

Gla

Collective / Public Spaces

Media Pods

Mes Ext Ski ETC

Hide and Seek

The The Robot Robot Circulation

Ciru.

(Help Desk) Ciru.

(Help Desk)

Average Wait Time....

Average Time.... 3 3 Min Min 1/7 of of required Space 1/7 Space

60' 60'Max Max

Kids Area

T - User

Read Car

Sound Wall

Reading Carrels

Glazing

Private Private

White Glove White Glove Reading Area Reading Area

Media Pods

Student

Mesh Exterior Skin

T

Hide and Seek

Book Scan Book ScanCirculation

Cafe

Kids Area

T - User

Kiosk Media Pods

Student

Reading Carrels

M M

Media Pods

Media Market

Reading Carrels

Book Book Restoration Restoration

Rare Book Readers T Admin Office Admin Office

Cafe

Book Load / Sort Kiosk Book Load

/ Sort

Media Market Book + Media Storage (THE ARCHIVE) Book + Media 1) Rare Books Storage (THERare ARCHIVE) 2) Spanish Book 1) 3) Rare Books Maps/ Art / 2)Oversize Spanish Art Rare Book books 3) Maps/ Art / Oversize Art books

Media Market

Media Pods

T Rare Book Readers

Individual / Private Spaces

Individual / Private Spaces

Archive Skin

Archive Skin

Glass Block Windows

Glass Block Windows

T

Urban Archive

79

Book storage

80

Media market

Whiteglove reading room

Urban Archive

81

82

Concept Model

Urban Archive

83

84

D. O. F

Fort Points, Boston, MA Fall 2009

M.Arch Year 1 Studio

Instructors:

Building Type:

Nick Gelpi William O’Brien Jr. Theater

F

ort Points has been known as the empty streets of South Boston, where night life is frequent but hidden from the public. The Institute of Contemporary Art (ICA) has decided to purchase and locate their theater here to increase the transparency of theatrical performances as well as the social aspects of theater. In doing so, the ICA is attempting to create new gathering and public spaces that provide a contrast to other, generally hidden public spaces in Fort Points.

DEPTH OF FIELD (DoF) is a project that conceptualizes the theatrical experience as one that varies as much as the visibility of city. In the 1930’s, Lewis Mumford explains, “The city creates the theater and is the theater.... The streets are the set and the people are the actors.” The backdrop of city itself creates dynamics within the story of the theater. There are four (4) theaters within the complex, ranging from a “Blackbox” (theater with only artificial lights) to a “Whitebox” (theater with all natural lights). The “Blackbox” is located underground where the theater has complete control of the view of the city. The “Whitebox” is a public space located at the top level of the complex, where the visitors have 3a Material Syscomplete freedom over their view of the city. Further, tems Study the “Whitebox” allows for a view back to ICA. The mixed 3a Material Systems Study use theaters in between have limited visibility to the city, and use this limited visibility selectively for framing.

The circulation provides glimpses into the theater space where the viewers can be observed by the public, enabling the public to acknowledge the theater is in operation and fulfilling their role as actors within the city.

Private

Public

Different DOF for different scenes in a Theater Private

Spacial diagrams

Public

Different DOF for different scenes in a Theater

Spacial diagrams

Summer Street Entrance

Standard layout Blackbox located based on deunder ground sired PriGradation of theStandard vacy study.

Reallocated ater for layout volumes cityscape backBlackbox located based on deground under ground sired PriGradation of thevacy study.

Reallocated ater for volumes cityscape background

Split level division use of space Split level division use of space

Split dof relationship with ICA and surrounding site

Split dof relationship with ICA and surrounding site

D. O. F

public/privat relationship

public/private relationships

85

Skin Development

Precedent + Module / System Organization

The System

The Module

George X. Lin Nick Gelpi Studio

Variability Variability of Organization of Organization

Single Deep Single Layer Deep System Layer System Advantages: Advantages: Allow inAllow more in light more light Provides Provides more shade more shade

Section / Plan

Variability of Component / System

Double Double Layer Thin Layer System Thin System Advantages: Advantages: Provides Provides more shelter more shelter Provides Provides access access

Component Openings

Component Scaling

Variations based upon program program. Provides openings for Views, Air, Light and Accessibility.

Variations based upon user accessibility.

Axon

86

Elevation Porosity

Shadow Density

D. O. F

87

Rooftop Whitebox Theater 1/4” = 1’ 0

2

8

4

16

op x ft bo ' oo te 0 R hi .0 W 69 + on op ti ft rva oo e ' R bs k 0 O ec .0 D 83 +

Section A Section 1/4” = A 1/4” = 1’ 1’ 0

2

4

8

0

2 16 4

Observation Deck Observation Deck +83.00' +83.00'

Graybox Theater 1/4” = 1’ 0

2

4

8

Roof Top White Box Roof Top White Box +69.00' +69.00'

16

r x oo o ) d yB te In ra iva 0' G r .0 (P 28 +

15

y& e1 on ac lc sp ba rt to ppo 0' su 8.0 +1

up

Support Space 2Support Space 2 +51.50' +51.50'

up

'

0

.5

1

4

+

up er m m su t 0 s .5 -0

Interior grayboxInterior graybox +28.00' +28.00'

8

on

4

16

ti

2

n

S

d

ec

0

Support Space Support Space +18.00' +18.00'

B

Summer Street Entrance 1/ 4” =1’

r oo x d o ) ut yB c O ra bli G u 0' (P .0 0

summer st level summer st level Outdoor graybox Outdoor graybox +0.00' +0.00'

S

up

on ti

ec A

8 + .0 0 A st .50 1 -2

up

88

A st. level black box -21.50'

A st. level black box -21.50'

8

16

Site map 1/32” = 1’

ICA

To Boston

To Downtown Boston

Site Section

D.O.F Depth of field. 4.123 | Core Studio | Project 3b | Nick Gelpi Studio

Section Section B B 0

2 0 4 2

4 8

8

16

16

Observation Observation Deck Deck +83.00' +83.00'

Roof Roof Top Top White White BoxBox +69.00' +69.00'

Support Support Spaces Spaces 2 2 +51.50' +51.50'

Top Top of GrayBox of GrayBox +41.50' +41.50'

Interior Interior graybox graybox +28.00' +28.00'

Outdoor Outdoor Balcony Balcony Support Support Space Space +18.00' +18.00'

Top Top of GrayBox of GrayBox +8.00' +8.00' Summer Summer st Level st Level Outdoor Outdoor graybox graybox +0.00' +0.00'

projection projection room room A st.

A level st. level black black box box -21.50' -21.50' ticket ticket ticket ticket Booth Booth Booth Booth

D. O. F

89

RoofTop WhiteBox

Indoor GrayBox

outdoor Graybox (Public) Black Box

A St Entrance

90

WhiteBox Theater

Gray Box Theater

Street Level Gray Box Theater

Underground Blackbox Theater

D. O. F

91

Entrance Atrium

92

D. O. F

93

94

SoftWoods Spring 2011 M.Arch Year 2 Workshop

Instructors: Sheila Kennedy Nick Gelphi Objective: Prototyping sustainable wood

technologies through studying

existing wood chair.

A

rchitectural production has been unsuccessful in addressing the most imperative challenge in the world:finite resources. There are, however, opportunities for architects to explore soft design solutions with the consideration of energy consumption, in terms of material choice, production process, and design performance.

A significant amount of parametric projects have been focused on approximating doubly curved surfaces.

However, the increased use of generative computation design and digital fabrication has often led to an increase of material waste. Soft wood, which lends its ability to bending, molding and many other possible operations, has the potential for realizing digital generative forms.

In order to advance the doubly curved wood application in the digital era, the history of the twentieth century design masters Charles and Ray Eames, who successfully responded to the social and economic crisis around World War II by designing wood products using the mass production method, was carefully studied.

Three important aspects were discovered form, material and process optimized and catered for mass production, ergonomics achieved through curving surfaces in relation to body, structural stability achieved through doubly curved surfaces.

Synthesizing these ideas, Proto-Soft Shingles were developed. The hollow shingles are combined with an existing construction system called brettstapel to create an wood system that allows buildings to be easily recyclable yet retain properties of water resistance and insulation.

Softwoods

95

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

Charlesand and Ray Eames Charles Ray Eames Wood-LeggedLounge Lounge Chair / LCW Wood-Legged Chair / LCW PARTS BACK

Single curvature surface

SPINE

Compound curves

SEAT

Double curvature surface

LEGS

1 direction curve

Eero Saarinen Charles Eames

1941

Ray Eames

Timeline

MOLDED plywood projects/experiments

1940

1942 WWII Splint project + litter project

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kazam! Machineâ&#x20AC;?

- the number of piles differs at along the whole piece for better weight support - wide bands of rubber to hold veneer - 4~5 hr molding - trim by hand

- 6 hr molding - heat element embeded - alternating wood grain

1943 Aircraft parts

- Large size Kazam! molding machine

1945

1944 Molded plywood experiments - Steel press - complex compound curves became feasible

Molded plywood animals

1946 Plywood chairs

- 10mins for 5-ply chair back and seat - 20mins for thicker leg and spine

Cranbrook School

Lounge chairs

PRUH HIÂżFLHQW YHUVLRQ RI .D]DP PROGLQJ PDFKLQH - neoprene blanket with a nichrome-wire heating element cemented in its center

Plywood Group Furniture Don Albinson joined

+HDY\ LQĂ&#x20AC;XHQFH E\ Scandinavian designs, e.g. Alva Aalto

Leg splint mass production WULHG XVLQJ 'RXJODV ÂżU YHQHHU DV FRUH layers) VSOLQWV SURGXFHG ZLWK H[WHULRU veneer of maghogany and birch)

Experimental plywood project MOMA, NY

Organic Design Home Furnishings Competition 1st molded plywood chair made by Charles

Week 1

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

Research and Analysis Molding process

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kazam! Machineâ&#x20AC;?

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kazam! Machineâ&#x20AC;?

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Kazam! Machineâ&#x20AC;?

- Molding

- Trimming

STEP 2

STEP 1 - Laminating

STEP 3

5-ply

air bag

heating element

plaster

pump

Mass Production

Mass Production

Mass Production

- Laminating

- Molding

- Trimming

STEP 1

STEP 2

male

5-ply

female

96

STEP 3

Surface Manipulation Points

Surface Manipulation Points WeekZ3 process Structure

Week 3 process

Y Z

Z X Z

Y

+ +

-

Y

+

+

-

-

-

Y

Structure

Structure Rigidity

Stability

Ergonomics

�rofil� Ergonomics

Stability

Infi

Ergonomics

Infill

X

-

-

X

X

-

+

-

+

+

+ Center of gravity

Center of gravity

Center Curve

g Len

Wid th

th

Wid th

gth Len O Flat O Flat

Center Curve

Height

lap ver

Height

lap ver

End

Origin Pt Origin Pt

End Overlaped Area Overlaped Area

Edg eD Edg eD

ept ept

Exposed AreaExposed Area Top Offset Top Offset Spine Spine

Sweep Sections Sweep Sections

Sweep Sections Sweep Sections Spine

Spine

Bottom Offset Bottom Offset Spine Spine Sweep Rail Sweep Rail Top Offset Spine Top Offset Spine Spine 1 Spine 1 Bottom Offset Bottom Spine Offset Spine

Spine 1 Spine 2

Spine 1 Spine 2

Flat

Softwoods

97

r Ove

al weeks

ood wall system roto shingles + brettstafel wood construction

All Wood Wall System

Soft-proto shingles + brettstapel wood construction Soft Shingles

Brettstapel Wall

weeks

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

g process

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

Glueing

Wrapping

Final weeks

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

Molding process

Clamping

Drying

Steamed Veneer

Glue and Clamped faces

Combine Top and Bottem Faces

Glueing

Dennis Cheung, George Lin, Huang Li

Wrapping Clamping

Air Pocket inside Shingles 98

Wood Hangers for all wood wall system

Puffy

<- Varients ->

Flat

Wall Variations

Softwoods

99

100

Compound Perspectives Limited Porosity

Fall 2009 MIT M.Arch Year 1 Studio Instructors: Nick Gelpi

William Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Brien Jr. Skylar Tibbets Building Type: Bridge

T

his project centers on the development of a component that allows itself to be aggregated in forming a structure that bridges the gap between two platforms. The structure serves a secondary purpose as a shading device during the day, while also providing lighting for users at night and framed views of the city.

Compound Perspectives Limited Porosity

101

102

Compound Perspectives Limited Porosity

103

104

Compound Perspectives Limited Porosity

105

1. Commercial tower 2. Residential tower 3. Mix used Green space 4. Support Spaces: Civic space Institutions healthcare Recreational 5. Mall/entertainment 6. Regenerative components 7. Infrastructure

1

4

4

2

5

7 6

3

Below:

106

Mutation of office tower w/ residential, office, & greenspace

Transpositional Proliferations

Los Angeles, California Yr 2099

Spring 2008

Evolo Competition Entry

Building Type: Collaboration:

Mixed-Use Skyscraper Bill and Adelina.

Increasing density in the city is inevitable, resulting in

degradation of the quality of life. In the 20th century, this disturbance along with the development of motorized vehicles fueled the development of suburbs, moving man further from his work. What if suburban qualities of personalization and individualism are brought to a tower next to work and coexist with collaboration and proximity? What if we look at residential space as an expansion of a solid in a voided space, commercial space as is an expansion of a void in a solid space and support spaces as a result of mutation between the two towers?

This project strives to accentuate what is most lacking in the current condition by implementing a new system for providing personalizable and pleasurable space within the pre-estimated perimeter.

+ SubUrban Homes

Skyscapers

+ Above: Aerial view of tower centers Residual voids between residential & commercial towers are publicly accessible areas that weave through and connect the solid masses.

Voids offer opportunities to maximize freedom of spatial configuration, duplicability, variations, expandability from macro to micro scales. The requirements/characteristics/economics/density of the inhabitants parametrically drive the shape of the towers, which then shapes the mutation of the green space.

Expanding Solids

Expanding Voids

Transpositional Proliferations

107

Suburban Residential Unit Mutations 1. Commercial tower 2. Residential tower 3. Mix used Green space 4. Support Spaces: Civic space Institutions healthcare Recreational 5. Mall/entertainment 6. Regenerative components 7. Infrastructure

Germination Of Suburban Greenspace

2

4

4

Exploded Diagram

The residential tower adopts a system of modular exposed framework as a means to provide maximum openness and exposure to sun and air to the occupants.

Each individual house in a flexible habitat is free to combine or detach with neighbors and free to translate within their given area to personalize their spaces that reflect their needs.

108

Street View: The interior gardens and supporting commercial spaces act as an extension of the building occupying space above the transportation infrastructure.

Commercial Tower Mutations

1

3

The office tower allows its owners to take measures to satisfy the occupant needs. Owners can prefer the maximize square footage to be used for housing the most staff to increase productivity or if they feel the need to increase in light and exposure, they can choose to hollow out from the usable office space. Voids offer opportunities to maximize freedom of spatial configuration, duplicability, variations, expandability from macro to micro scales.

Transpositional Proliferations

109

Weathers Permitting

By William Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;brien Jr.

Winter 2010 PS1 Competition Entry Finalist

Fig. 8.5

Edge Seat Plate Detail

Collaboration with William Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;brien Jr., Cecilia Ho, Sunnie Lau, Alex Marshall, Travis Williams Visualization: Shallow Neoscape, (45Ë&#x161;) Inc.

W

eathers Permitting -- a proposal for the 2010 Fig. 8.6 Program -- Typological MoMA/ P.S.1 Young Architects aspires to Und broaden affiliations between natural processes and cultural practices. It seeks to sponsor a renewed curiosity in spatial, temporal, and conditional patterns of environmental transition to which we may have grown accustomed.

The installation is conceptualized as a terrain, a continuous and varied landscape, which resists rigid typological classification. Rather, through formal and compositional metamorphosis, the terrain enfolds a spectrum of diverse, yet correlated landscape characteristics. It is designed as an elevated boardwalk with unconventional properties including malleability and water retention. Conceived as a flexible construct, the design makes use of the common-directionality and inherent material-flexibility of parallel planks of wood in order to guide the locations of folds in its surface.

Transitions between two-dimensional surface and three-dimensional volume offer multiple littoral zones which mimic the variety of aquatic conditions typically associated with coastlines. Participating in the repetitive cycles of time and the indeterminate patterns of weather, depressions in the terrain collect and evaporate water intermittently, registering the oscillation of environmental conditions.

PS1: Weathers Permitting

111

16

17

26

ORGANIZATIONS

45

30.00°

0° .0 90 .00° 75 .00° 60

15.00°

.00 °

Cu. 16

17

26

ORGANIZATIONS le Angle Study at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 Top Alignment

Bw.

30.00°

0° .0 90 .00° 75 .00° 0° 60 .0 45

15.00°

Cup (Cu.) Cu. Tq. 48.00 41.57

Bow (Bw.)

12.42

le Angle Study at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 Top Alignment

Bw.

24.00

33.94

.0

.00

0°

75

90

°

°

.00°

60

Cup (Cu.)

45.00

30.00° 15.00°

Cr.

Tq.

Tourque (Tq.)

48.00 41.57 12.42

Bow (Bw.)

24.00

33.94

les Study (length in inches) 0°

.0

°

° .00 .00°

60

75

45.00

90

Cr.

30.00°

15.00°

Crook (Cr.)

Cr. Bw.

Cu.

Tourque (Tq.)

92.73 83.14 67.88 48.00 41.57

les Study (length in inches) 12.42

24.00

12.00

16.97

20.78

24.00

0°

.0

Bw.

Cu.

6.21

90

75.00° ° .00 60 45.00°

15.00°

Cr.

Tq. Cu.

23.18

33.94

30.00°

Crook (Cr.) Bw. Cr.

92.73 83.14

Tq.

67.88

les Study (length and height in inches) 48.00

41.57

12.42

6.21 24.00

12.00

16.97

0°

.0

75.00° ° .00 60 45.00°

90

30.00°

Tq.

24.00

20.78

33.94

23.18

Fig. 1.8 Plank Distribution

15.00°

Fig. 1.7 Lumber Behavior

Bw. Cr.

Cu. Tq.

Fig. 1.7 Lumber Behavior

les Study (length and height in inches)

Fig. 1.8 Plank Distribution

25

CHAPTER 3

STRUCTURES

CHAPTER 3

STRUCTURES

42

STRUCTURES

25

42

STRUCTURES

Wood plank deck

Wood plank deck

Wood Plank Deck Substructure Self Healing Rubber Membrane

Self -healing rubber membrane

Gravel Ground Fill

Substructure

Tertiary structure

Wood Plank Deck Substructure Self Healing Rubber Membrane

Self -healing rubber membrane

Tertiary Structure Footing

Gravel Ground Fill

Footing Substructure

Figure 3.1 Tertiary structure

C omponent C omposite

Figure 3.2

Composite Structure

Fig. 6.2 Tertiary Structure Footing

Footing

Small Size Pool Use

19

27

CHAPTER 2

STRUCTURES

Fig. 8.5

Edge Seat Plate Detail

°

41.41

°

Shallow (45˚)

15.00°

18.00

° 45.00 ° 30.00

COMPOSITES

Visor rotation

2’0

°

75.00

.00

60

COMPOSITES

19

STRUCTURES le Angle Study: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 Bottom Alignment

°

41.41

°

75.00

°

.00

° 45.00 ° 30.00

COMPOSITES

COMPOSITES

Hinge Point, Canopy rotation Visor rotation

2’0 Varies per canopy angle

Fig. 8.6

y

Typological Und

15.00°

18.00

60

CHAPTER 2

5’0 Typ.

z

27

°

75.00

Hinge Point, Canopy rotation

le Angle Study: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 Bottom Alignment

° 60.00 ° 45.00 00° 30.

Varies per canopy angle

16’0

30’0

y z

18.00

15.00°

20’0

z

5’0 Typ. °

41.41

14’0 Node, R=2’0 Typ.

20’0 16’0 2’0 p.

Ty

°

41.41

° 60.00 ° 45.00 00° 30.

les Study (length in inches)

8’0

y

Wood plank deck

Fig. 2.1

Component Dimensions

30’0

z

18.00

15.00°

14’0 Hinge point, Typ.

Node, R=2’0 Typ. x

les Study (length in inches) 41.41° 75.00°

Component Dimensions

15.00°

41.41° 75.00°

90 + x/2

Hinge point, Typ. y

180 - x y , varies*

C omponent R otation A nalysis

C omponent A ngle A nalysis z

les

*Depth of deck x varies based on pleat les (see chapter les) Fig. 2.2 x/2 z , varies*

6.21

les Study (length and height in inches)

15.00°

6.21

18.00

° .00° 45.00 60 30.00°

8’0

2’0 p.

Ty

y

Wood plank deck x/2

Fig. 2.1

18.00

° .00° 45.00 60 30.00°

z , varies*

180 - x

z

°

75.00

les Study (length and height in inches) les

*Depth of deck varies based on pleat les (see chapter les) Fig. 2.2

90 + x/2 y y , varies*

C omponent R otation A nalysis

C omponent A ngle A nalysis

50

43

51

INHABITATION

HYDROLOGY

50

43

51

INHABITATION

HYDROLOGY Steep (60˚)

Fig. 8.4

Edge Seat Detail Plan Steep (60˚)

Fig. 8.4

Edge Seat Detail Plan

Middle (52.5˚)

Middle (52.5˚)

Fig. 8.5

Edge Seat Plate Detail Shallow (45˚)

Fig. 6.3

Fig. 8.6

Large Size Pool Use Fig. 8.5

Edge Seat Plate Detail

Typological Under Visor Zones

PS1: Weathers Permitting

Shallow (45˚)

113

PS1: Weathers Permitting

115

116

THE GE

Fallen Heroes Memorial

By William O’brien Jr. Summer 2011

Competition

Collaboration with William O’brien Jr., Cecilia Ho, Travis Williams, Li huang

Memorial G 30A + 9B

R5'-5"

R6'-6"

Fallen

R8'-5"

oef 900' +150%

oef +103% 9A

oef 900' +115%

R4'-8" R4'-10"

13.00°

40.00°

11.00°

R7'-6"

R7'-6"

35.00°

7.00°

30.00°

R6'-0"

R4'-6"

R5'-0"

R4'-6" 15.00°

20.00°

25.00°

R6'-4"

" '-8 75

0"

R6'-0"

" '-0 50

R5'-0"

"

R3'-0" R3'-0"

R6'-6"

OEF LENGTH: 918'-6" GRWOTH: +71.8%

OIF LENGTH: 3150'-10" GROWTH: +25%

R5'-0"

5.00°

R5'-3"

R6'-0"

R6'-6"

-1

Heroes Memorial attempts to systematically guide visitors to their loved and lost ones. It seeks to reveal the tensions of two ongoing wars: Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), while simultaneously sponsoring a dynamically growing memorial.

The memorial is conceptualized as two ribbons that wrap and insert themselves into the landscape, continuous yet varied in magnitude to respond to various programs within the memorial. The fingers of the memorial are used as entrances, observation decks and future expansions. The outer ring represents the OIF casualties while the inner ring represents the OEF casualties. The flags along the perimeter group the state into regions of the United States the soldiers are from.

The entrance paths which ramp downward into the mall of the memorial create the boundaries of the region in which visitors can find their lost ones, with those casualties closest to the mall being the most recent. As the war continues, the memorial will grow, allowing for the expansion of a few fingers in creating a more canyonlike and claustrophobic space.

'-2

oef 891' +80% 5A

oef 900' +85%

9.00°

R6'-6" 5'-0"

5'-0"

5'-0"

R8'-6"

R8'-6"

oef +65% 9B

5'-0"

15.00°

oef 920' +97% 11A

151'-4"

5'-0"

oef 900' + 78% 13A

5'-0"

oef 900' + 62%

6' 18

61

16'-6"

R3'-0"

25A + 11A

R3'-3"

18

9'

64

427'-11"

R6'-8"

75

1" -1

50

'-0

'-8

"

R5'-0"

R6'-6"

"

9' -9

R5'-0"

" '-3

R3'-0"

"

OEF LENGTH: 911'-8" GRWOTH: +92.1%

OIF LENGTH: 3343'-10" GROWTH: +18%

R3'-0"

R8'-6"

OIF 3274' 25B 384'-0"

374'-10"

OIF 3287' 20A

30A

3245'

R12'-6"

R6'-8"

20A + 11A

18

61

368'-7"

422'-0"

OIF 3096' 25A

OIF 3663' 20B

'-9

"

7'

" -5

" '-8 75

OEF LENGTH: 862'-8" GRWOTH: +103.8%

R5'-0"

" '-0 50

7' -6

R6'-6" R5'-0"

"

OIF LENGTH: 3287' GROWTH: +21.8%

R11'-0"

Memorial Geometry Studies

Zero Surface Ribbon

Niche Ribbon

Splay Ribbon

DATA & ORGANIZAING STRATEGY

OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM

OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM

anticipated casualties 4393 casualties

anticipated casualties 1201casualties

150’

375’

300’ 500’

1000’ 1140’

Fallen Heroes

117

Memorial G

Landsca

DATA & ORGANIZAING STRATEGY

AK

DATA & ORGANIZAING STRATEGY

Documented Casualties (By August 15th)

Operation Enduring Freedom

S TATE S

ALA(By MBAugust AMA 15th) Documented Casualties ALAS KA AME R ICFreedom AN S AMO AOperation Iraqi Freedom Operation Enduring S TATE S AR IZO NA ALAMBAMA 19 73 AR KANS AS ALAS KA 5 17 C ALIF O R NIA 1 AME R IC AN S AMO A 9 C O LO R ADO 2 8 AR IZO NA 98 AR KANS AS 62 C O NNE C TIC U1T1 C ALIF O R NIA 1 1 4 4 7 0 DE LAWAR E C O LO R ADO 1 8O LUMBIA 63 DIS TR IC T O F C C O NNE C TIC UT 8 28 F LO R IDA DE LAWAR E 2 15 G E O R IG IA DIS TR IC T O F C O LUMBIA 3 5 G UAM F LO R IDA 76 187 HAWAII G E O R IG IA 38 140 IDAHO G UAM 8 6 ILLINO IS HAWAII 4 26 INDIANA IDAHO 3 31 IO WA ILLINO IS 57 158 INDIANA 27 96 KANS AS IO WA 9 51 KE NTUC KY KANS AS 45 LO UIS IANA 1 1 KE NTUC KY 25 68 MAINE LO UIS IANA 18 86 MAR YLAND MAINE 15 25 MAS S AC HUS E TTS MAR YLAND 24 72 MIC HIG AN MAS S AC HUS E TTS 30 76 MINNE S O TA 3 2 MIC HIG AN 157 MIS S IS S IP P I 1 4 MINNE S O TA 67 MIS S O UR I MIS S IS S IP P I 10 56 MO NTANA MIS S O UR I 29 88 MO NTANA 8 29 NE BR AS KA NE BR AS KA 8 45 NE VADA NE VADA 37 NE W HAMP S H1I4R E NE W HAMP S HIR E 24 NE W J E R S E Y 1 0 77 NE W J E R S E Y NE W ME XIC O 2 0 NE W ME XIC O 7 42 NE W YO R K NE W YO R K 62 187 NO R TH C AR O3L7INA NO R TH C AR O LINA 106 NO R TH DAKO T5A NO R TH DAKO TA 14 NO THE R N MAR1IANA IS LANDS NO THE R N MAR IANA IS LANDS 5 O HIO O HIO 34 184 O KLAHO MA 2 2 O KLAHO MA 73 OREGON 18 73 OREGON P E NNS YLVANIA 4 196 P E NNS YLVAN5IA P UE R TO R IC O 35 P UE R TO R IC O 9 R HO DE IS LAND 10 R HO DE IS LAND2 S O UTH C AR O LINA 55 S O UTH C AR O1L9INA S O UTH DAKO TA 3 19 S O UTH DAKO TA TE NNE S S E E 28 94 TE NNE S S E E 9 0 TE XAS 412 TE XAS UTAH 12 24 UTAH VE R MO NT 1 22 VE R MO NT VIR G IN IS LANDS 1 6 VIR G IN IS LAN3D1S VIR G INIA 132 WAS HING TO N 35 89 VIR G INIA WE S T VIR G INIA 23 WAS HING TO N1 3 WIS C O NS IN 91 WE S T VIR G IN1IA4 WYO MING 14 WIS C O NS IN 4 WYO MING TO TAL

1201

4393

TO TAL

TOTAL

1201

100%

73 17 9 98 62 470 63 28 15 5 187 140 6 26 31 158 96 51 45 68 86 25 72 76 157 67 56 88 29 45 37 24 77 42 187 106 14 5 184 73 73 196 35 10 55 19 94 412 24 22 6 132 89 23 91 14

1201

4393

angle no. of Rays Arc Length (FT) Casualties % Occ angle no. of Rays Arc Length 60.55 1.9 151.5 645 15% 52.86 3.4 483.75 109.11 3.3 273 1155 26% 94.65 6.0 866.25 67.74 2.1 169.5 970 727.5 Casualties % Occ. 22% angle 79.49no. of Rays5.1Arc Length (FT) .7T 6H EaST 1.6 132 579.75 n5O2R 202 77317% 18% 60.563.35 5 1.4.0 9 151.5 .8T 4HEaST 2.1 174.75 637.5 S6O9U 364 85030% 19% 109.169.66 1 3.4.5 3 273 900.75

TOTAL

WA

MT

CENTRAL

ND

ME

WA

MN

CENTRAL

ND

ID

WY NY

IL

OH

IN

CO

IA

KS

NORTHEAST

NC TN

OK

NMNC

AR

SC

OK

NM

AR

SC MS

TX

AMERICAN SAMOA NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS

NJ

MD DE DC

KY

KY

AZ TN

HI

RI

VA

MO

VA

MO

MA

WV

NORTHEAST

WV KS

AZ

PA OH

IN

NJ

MD DE DC

NH

CT

RI NE

IL

PA

CO

UT

NH

CT

UT

NY MI

MA

MI

NV IA CA

NE

CA

VT

WI

SD WY

WI

SD

MN

NV

VT

ME

ID

OR

WEST

OR

WEST

MT

HI

LA

SOUTHWEST

AL

GA

MS

TX

AL

GA

SOUTHEAST

LA

SOUTHEAST

SOUTHWEST

PL PL

AMERICAN SAMOA NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS

GUAM

VIRGIN ISLANDS PUERTO RICO

VIRGIN ISLANDS PUERTO RICO

GUAM

United States Regional Map

United States Regional Map

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Operation Enduring Freedom

CEnTRal 360.00 11.00 SOUTHWEST WEST

AK

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Operation Enduring Freedom Casualties % Occ. 202 17% 364 30% 226 19% 176 15% 233 19%

nORTH EaST SOUTHEaST CEnTRal SOUTHWEST WEST

Operation Iraqi Freedom

19 5 1 28 11 114 18 8 2 3 76 38 8 4 3 57 27 9 11 25 18 15 24 30 32 14 10 29 8 8 14 10 20 7 62 37 5 1 34 22 18 54 9 2 19 3 28 90 12 1 1 31 35 13 14 4

226 19% 67.74 4393 100% 360.00 176 15% 52.76 233 19% 69.84

1201

100%

360.00

2.1 1.6 2.1

23.00

11.00

169.5 132 174.75

3294.75

900.75

Casualties % Occ 645 15% 1155 26% 970 22% 773 18% 850 19% 4393

100%

angle no. of Rays 52.86 3.4 94.65 6.0 79.49 5.1 63.35 4.0 69.66 4.5 360.00

23.00

Arc Length 483.75 866.25 727.5 579.75 637.5 3294.75

Regional Chart for OIF and OEF

Regional Chart for OIF and OEF

118

THE GE

Memorial G 30A + 9B

R5'-5"

R6'-6"

R8'-5"

oef 900' +150%

oef +103% 9A

oef 900' +115%

6' 18

R4'-8"

61

R4'-10"

13.00°

40.00°

11.00°

R7'-6"

R7'-6"

35.00°

7.00°

30.00°

R6'-0"

R6'-0" R5'-0"

R3'-0" R3'-0"

R6'-6"

OEF LENGTH: 918'-6" GRWOTH: +71.8% OIF LENGTH: 3150'-10" GROWTH: +25%

R5'-0" R4'-6"

R5'-0"

R4'-6" 15.00°

20.00°

25.00°

" '-8 75

0"

" '-0 50

5.00°

R5'-3"

R6'-0"

R6'-6"

-1

"

oef 891' +80% 5A

oef 900' +85%

9.00°

R6'-6" 5'-0"

5'-0"

5'-0"

R8'-6"

R8'-6"

oef +65% 9B

5'-0"

15.00°

oef 920' +97% 11A

151'-4"

5'-0"

oef 900' + 78% 13A

5'-0"

oef 900' + 62%

'-2

16'-6"

R3'-0"

R6'-4"

25A + 11A R3'-3"

18

9'

64

427'-11"

75

1" -1 50

'-0

'-8

"

R5'-0" R6'-6"

"

9' -9

R5'-0"

" '-3

R3'-0"

"

OEF LENGTH: 911'-8" GRWOTH: +92.1% OIF LENGTH: 3343'-10" GROWTH: +18%

R3'-0"

R6'-8"

R8'-6"

OIF 3274' 25B 384'-0"

20A + 11A

374'-10"

OIF 3287' 20A

30A

3245'

R12'-6"

R6'-8"

18

61

'-9

"

7'

" -5

" '-8 75

OEF LENGTH: 862'-8" GRWOTH: +103.8%

R5'-0"

" '-0 50

7' -6

R6'-6" R5'-0"

"

OIF LENGTH: 3287' GROWTH: +21.8%

368'-7"

422'-0"

OIF 3096' 25A

OIF 3663' 20B

R11'-0"

Memorial Geometry Studies

Zero Surface Ribbon

Niche Ribbon

Memorial G

Splay Ribbon

Landsca

Fallen Heroes

119

120

Fallen Heroes

121

122

Gable Roof Shapes

Project_Rorschach

BSA Boston, Massachusetts

By Ana Miljacki & Lee Moreau Spring 2013, Boston Design Biennial Installation

Collaboration with Ana Miljacki, Lee Moreau, Oliver Wuttig, Alex Marshall, Sarah Hirschman

VitraHaus by Herzog & de Meuron Weil am Rhein, Germany 2006

ORDOS 100 #10 by Johnston Marklee & Associates Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China 2009

Balancing Barn by MVRDV & Mole Architects Thorington ,Suffolk, UK 2010

P

roject_Rorschach, an exhibit exploring architecture through obscured perspectives. It was on view at the Boston Society of Architects space as part of the Boston Design Biennial from February 12 to May 15, 2013.

Attendees were given their own set of ten cards accompanying the exhibition. The famed Rorschach cards were once only printed on an antique press in Switzerland and sold to licensed therapists. With the advent of the internet, the classic images are now ubiquitous and the Boston Society of Architects (BSA) employed them as a reference for seeing images of contemporary architecture differently.

The front of an architectural Rorschach card.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not immediately apparent which architectural trope was used here. The back of the same card reveals a series of buildings composing the image.

Grouped by type and shape, photographs of famous buildings are layered on ten Rorschach-inspired cards. These architectural Rorschach images are saturated compositions of visual themes like chimneys, cantilevers, towers, circles, and stacks. The exhibition is designed to help viewers contemplate the way architects continue to re-interpret common images to create imaginative, new designs.

Didden Village by MVRDV Rotterdam, Netherlands 2006

Tokyo Apartments by Sou Fujimoto Tokyo, Japan 2010 Project_Rorschach

123

124

Project_Rorschach

125

METROSCAPES

Refections of the American Landscape

2007-Current www.georgexlin.com

Native to California, George X. Lin received his Bachelor’s degree from UC Berkeley and is currently completing his Master’s of Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Exploring and experiencing new environments has always been his fascination. While growing up in California, he was blessed to be in close proximity to nature. However, at the time he did not realize how fortunate he was to be surrounded by nature and all its beauties, partly because many people in his life fantasized instead about exotic countries abroad. Simply finding the time to experience everything one’s hometown and the nature nearby have to offer is challenging, let alone other cities and countries. While George was fascinated by his travels abroad, these travels led him to realize that the same diversity exists here in his backyard.

The only requirement to discovering this diversity was occasionally venturing off the beaten path and exploring.

Getting lost often times helps us to find ourselves. George hopes that this book can be an inspiration for others to find time in their lives for a journey, whether it be in new cities or out in nature away from familiar environments.

Metroscapes: Reflections of the American Landscape is a book that explores the contrasts and sometimes the influences between the rural and urban and vice-versa.

This is his journey and reflection of America, a metropolis of urban and rural landscapes.

MetroScapes

127

128

MetroScapes

129

130

MetroScapes

131

George X. Lin George X. Lin 510 710-0739 georgexlin@gmail.com George X. Lin 2569 Hermosa st., Pinole, CA 94564 510 710-0739 georgexlin@gmail.com 2569 Hermosa st., Pinole, CA 94564

Education Education

Work Experience Work Experience

Mass. Institute of Technology: University of California Berkeley: Mass.

Institute of Technology: Education Abroad: University of California Berkeley: Education Abroad: Additional Related Courses:

M.Arch, Feb 2013 B.A. Arch, May 2007 M.Arch, Feb 2013 Royal Danish Academy, Scandinavian Design, Sum. 2006 B.A. Arch, May 2007of Hong Kong, Fall 2006 Chinese University Royal Danish Academy, Scandinavian Design,&Sum. Energy and Building Science, Envir. Science Policy2006 Chinese University of HongFilm Kong, Fall 2006 Management, Fabrication, Studies Additional Related Courses: Energy and Building Science, Envir. Science & Policy Project_ (Ana Miljacki / Lee Moreau),Management, Boston- Designer Jan - Feb 2013 Fabrication, Film Studies Project_Rorschach - BSA Boston Design Biennial Installation Project_ (Ana Miljacki / Lee Moreau), Boston- Designer Jan - Feb 2013 Graphic and Informational Design Project_Rorschach - BSA Boston Design Biennial Installation Graphic and Informational Design MIT, Cambridge- Teaching Assistant Aug - Dec 2012 1st Semester Core Graduate Studio taught by Brandon Clifford (Matter Design) MIT, Cambridge- Teaching Assistant Aug - Dec 2012 Coordination of all studio (30) and travel logistics 1st Semester Core Graduate Studio taught by Brandon Clifford (Matter Design) Instruction of a 15 student section with studio design Coordination of all studio (30) and travel logistics Adobe and McNeel software tutorials.

Instruction of a 15 student section with studio design Adobe and McNeel software tutorials.

Kengo Kuma, TokyoArchitectural Intern May 2011-Aug 2011 Yunnan Spa Resort: Master plan, architectural, and facade design Kengo Kuma, Tokyo- Architectural Intern May 2011-Aug 2011 YunnanJr., SpaCambridgeResort: Master plan, architectural, and facade design William Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Brien Designer Dec 2009-Sept 2010 2010 MoMA/P.S.1 Young Architects Program William Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Brien Jr., Cambridge- Designer Dec 2009-Sept 2010 Form generation and fabrication investigations 2010 MoMA/P.S.1 Young Architects Program Project photographer Form generation and fabrication investigations Fallen Heroes Memorial (Iraq + Afghanistan Wars) competition Project photographer Layout design, fabrication and graphic informal design Fallen Heroes Memorial (Iraq + Afghanistan Wars) competition Layout design, fabrication TranSystems Corporation, OaklandDesignerand I graphic informal designJuly 2007-July 2009 Sonnen Audi/VW/Nissan Auto Dealer TranSystems Corporation, Oakland- Designer I July 2007-July 2009 Assistant project manager for 2 storey $4M dealership located in a flood zone Sonnen Audi/VW/Nissan Auto Dealer Travis Air Force Base (Hangars, Training Facilities) Assistant project manager for 2 storey $4M dealership located in a flood zone Project coordinator and documentation process for LEED certification Travis Air Force Base (Hangars, Training Facilities) Sacramental Rail Transit Station Project coordinator and documentation process for LEED certification Schematic design for Sacramental historic train station addition Sacramental Rail Transit Station Schematic design Sacramental historic train stationJan-May, addition 2007 Leddy Maytum Stacy Architects, San for FranciscoArchitectural Intern

Skills Skills

Personal Interest Personal Interest

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Recommended addition to software package and trained employees on Sketchup.

Leddy Maytum Stacy Architects, San Francisco- Architectural Intern Jan-May, 2007 Constructed study models to aid consultants and city planning department meetings.

Recommended addition to software package and trained employees on Sketchup.

Constructed study:models to aidIllustrator, consultants and cityLightRoom planning department meetings.

Adobe Creative Suite (CS5) Photoshop, Indesign, AutoDesk: AutoCAD 2011, Revit 2007 Adobe Creative Suite (CS5) : Photoshop, Illustrator, Indesign, LightRoom McNeel: Rhino 4, Maxwell Render, V-ray, Grasshopper , Rhinoscript AutoDesk: AutoCADand 2011, Revitplug-ins 2007 for rendering Trimble Sketchup, various McNeel: Maxwell Render, V-ray, Grasshopper , Rhinoscript MicrosoftRhino Office:4,Word, Excel, PowerPoint Trimble Sketchup, and various plug-ins for rendering Careful and detailed hand drafting skills Microsoft Office: Word, Excel, PowerPoint Rendering abilities with pencil, color pencil, pen, watercolor Careful andmodel detailed hand drafting Meticulous building skills skills Rendering abilities with pencil, color pencil, pen, watercolor Shop experience (Wood, Metal, Plastic) Meticulous building skills Laser Cutter, Techno CNC router and Z.corp 3d Printer Experience model with Universal/Epilog Shop Metal, Plastic) Fluentexperience in English (Wood, and Conversational Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese) Experience with Universal/Epilog Laser Cutter, Techno CNC router and Z.corp 3d Printer Digital Timelapse Photography Fluent Photography in English andand Conversational Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese) Landscape and Arch.: www.georgexlin.com Digital Photography and Timelapse Photography MetroScapes Publication: issuu.com/geolin/docs/metroscapes Landscape and Arch.: MIT Architecture Website: www.georgexlin.com architecture.mit.edu MetroScapes Publication: issuu.com/geolin/docs/metroscapes MIT Architecture Website: architecture.mit.edu

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