Differences/Similarities between Portugal and Great Britain
Work Done by: Cรกtia Veloso Marta Xavier Vanessa Veloso
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Index Introduction; Facts and statistics of Portugal and Great Britain; Economy; Education; Gastronomy; Culture; Conclusion.
Introduction In this work we are going to talk about the differences and similarities between Portugal and Britain´s culture approaching the main themes about the country and its singularities such as: Economy, Education, Gastronomy and a lot of factors about culture.
Facts and Statistics Portugal • • • • • •
Population: 10 555 853 Total Area: 91 642 km² Coin: Euro Capital: Lisbon Official Language: Portuguese Main religion: 98% cristianism
Great Britain • • • • • •
Population 62,435,709 Total Area: 244 820 km² Coin: Pounds Capital: London Official Language: English Other Languages: Irish, Scotish and Galês • Main religion: 90% Cristianism, 3% Islamism, 1% Sikh, 1% Hinduísm
Mens
Womens
Facts of Demography Portugal • Average expectancy of life: Total of population: 77,7 Men: 74,4 Women: 81,2 • Capital city with Population: 2.244.989 • Precipitation: 753 mm • Largest city: Lisbon • Forested Land: 40,1%
Great Britain • Average expectancy of life: Total of Population: 79.95 Men: 77.5 Women: 82 • Capital city with Population: 7 640 000 • Precipitation: 754 mm • Largest city: London • Forested land: 11,6%
Population of the cities from UK 8000000 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0
London Birmingham Glasgow Edinburgh Manchester Newcastle Leeds Liverpool Bristol Aberdeen
Population of the cities from Portugal
Cities
Population
Lisbon
2.244.984
Porto
1.816.045
Braga
848.444
Faro
450.484
Madeira´s Island
262.456
Corvo´s Island
430
Facts of Economy • • • • •
Portugal Business efficiency: 52.426 Research and development spending: 0.6% Technological achievement: 0.42 Income distribution > Poorest: 3.1% Human Development Index: 0.904
• • • • •
Great Britain Business efficiency: 68.518 Research and development spending: 1.8% Techological achievement: 0.61 Income distribution > Poorest: 2.2% Human Development Index: 0.939
Economy
Balance of Trade We are going to talk about the Balance of Trade because it is one of the points where England and Portugal have facts that are not common to both. Even knowing that England has, as Portugal, a negative Balance of Trade, the factors that put it closer to positive numbers are different. Besides, their coin is different which has major effects in their economy. On the one hand, pounds are more valorized than euros and therefore, their coin is stronger in the market than ours. On the other hand, euro is more influent around the world once it is used by more countries.
As it is represented on the boards, the exports are lower than imports making the balance of trade negative. The reason why the sale is negative it’s because we are not self-sufficient and therefore, we need to import to obtain the products we need, we have not competitive prices Balance of Trade of Portugal (products) which lead us to buy from foreign countries instead of 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 TMVA doing it ourselves and also we are not technological and Exports 35.837 38.525educationally 39.201 developed 32.021which36.895 1.54 makes harder to discover new productive processes. Imports 54.243 57.731new products 62.186 and 49.815 54.826 1.08
Portugal:
Sale
-18.406
-19.206
-22.985
-17.794
-17.931
Coverage Ratio (%)
66.1%
66.7%
63.0%
64.3%
67.3%
Balance of Trade of Portugal (services) 2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
TMVA
Exports
14.658
16.961
17.865
16.318
17.575
5.02
Imports
9.640
10.428
11.263
10.333
10.866
3.27
Sale
5.018
6.533
6.602
5.985
6.709
Coverage Ratio (%)
152.1%
162.6%
158.6%
157.9%
161.7%
Causes:
Tourism Gastronomy Sun Beach Weather Nice People
Here are represented the causes that contribute to reduce the budget deficit. The only positive signature in Portugal is tourism. There are a lot of immigrants that came to our country not only because it is attractive but also because we have a temperate mediterrean climate. Besides, our country is known for having one of the best gastronomy in the world, for having beautiful beaches and views, for having a interesting history with fantastic monuments and for having wonderful people who treat immigrants very well making them feel like they are at home.
Purchasing Power/ Quality of Life Quality of life:
These three pictures portray the economical situation of Portuguese population. In Portugal, the middle class is disappearing because of problems related with employment, taxes, less help from State and the rise of prices not accompanied with salaries. All these realities created an unfair situation as well as a big gap between rich and poor.
Purchasing Power:
There are people who just can afford the basic needs and others who can buy luxury products like mansions, expensive cars and boats. There is a wide salarial range making a huge social difference in society.
Great Britain:
In these graphs are represented the exports, imports and the Balance of Trade of Great Britain and a relation between the numbers verified in 2010 and 2011. The Balance of Trade, as happened with Portugal, is negative once Great Britain is not self-sufficient in many products.
Causes: Industrial Revolution; Tourism Exports mainly: Machines, quimic products, vehicles, food, iron, steel, metals and whisky.
Here is represented what makes England one of the most powerful and developed countries in the world. The Industrial Revolution is the main factor once it was originated there what made possible the discovery of many engines like the steam machine.
Purchasing Power / Quality of Life Quality of Life:
In England, the social differences are lower than in Portugal and the middle class is not disappearing making the gap between rich and poor less profound.
Purchasing Power:
The level of poverty is not as acentuated as in Portugal because of the measures taken from the government. In terms of purchasing power, people of great Britain have higher incomes, although the cost of living is higher too. Having said that, they can buy even more luxury products like diamonds, vacations, between other third need products.
Curiosities Monthly - 700€ Per year- 700×12= 8400€ With the 13th Month-
8400+700= 9100€
Weekly- 700÷4=175€ 175×52=9100€
People from Portugal pay their electricity monthly according to what they spend during the month while people from England pay their electricity going to a payshop, charging their card and then, putting the card in the counter light till the charge is ended. The payment of the salary is made in Portugal monthly while in England is weekly. This justifies the reason why in Portugal there was the 13th month payment and in England there is not.
Conclusion Similarities
Differences
Education
Portugal
Public schools
Private schools
Professional courses
School Schedule Periods/Days
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
8:30/10:00
First Lesson
First Lesson
First Lesson
First Lesson
First Lesson
10:15/11:45
Second Lesson
Second Lesson
Second Lesson Second Lesson
12:00/13:30
Third Lesson Third Lesson
Third Lesson
Third Lesson Third Lesson
13:30/14:30
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
14:30/16:00
Fourth Lesson
Fourth Lesson
Fourth Lesson
Fourth Lesson
Fourth Lesson
16:15/17:45
Study Room
Note: The schedule can change according to the school.
Second Lesson
For Portugal the year is divided into three terms: September to December January to April April to June
School holidays The main school holidays are: Christmas- 2 weeks Spring - 2 weeks Summer - 12 weeks
Other small vacations: Carnaval – 3 days
Primary school or Infant school
Junior school
Basic school
Secondary School
3 to 5 years old
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12
5 to 10 years old
10 to 15 years old
15 to 18 years old
A-levels
Age 3-4 4-5 5-6
Stage
Many activities Many Activities Key Stage 1
Grade Infant Infant Year 1
6-7
Year 2
7-8
Year 3
8-9
9-10
Year 4
Key Stage 2
10-11
Tests
National Exams of Portuguese Language and Maths
Year 5 Year 6
11-12 12-13
Year 7 Year 8
13-14
Year 9
National exams of Portuguese Language and Maths Preparation for the Exams Preparation for the Exams National Exams of Portuguese Language, Geography, Maths, English and Physicschemistry
Year 10
Preparation for the exams
15-16
Year 11
National Exams of the nuclear subjects
17-18
Year 12
14-15
Key Stage 3
National Exams of Portuguese and Maths or History
Universities and Polytechnic Institutes
Porto´s University Coimbra´s University
In Portugal there are not only public and private universities but also polytechnic Institutes. The difference between them is that a polytechnic institution is like a pubic university but the A-levels to get in are different(sometimes less demanding) Lisbon´s Polytechnic Institute and the price is lower in relation to public ones.
Great Britain
State schools
Home schooling
Independent schools (they can be public or private)
School Schedule Periods/Days
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
8:55/9:20
Singing, Singing, Singing, Singing, Singing, praying and praying and praying and praying and praying and telling stories telling stories telling stories telling stories telling stories
9:20/10:20
First lesson
First lesson
First lesson
First lesson
First lesson
10:20/10:35
Playground
Playground
Playground
Playground
Playground
10:35/12:00
Second lesson
Second lesson
Second lesson
Second lesson
Second lesson
12:00/13:10
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
Lunch
13:10/15:15
Third class
Third class
Third class
Third class
Third class
For many areas the year is divided into six terms: September to October October to December January to February February to March April to May June to July
School holidays The main school holidays are: Christmas- 2 weeks Spring - 2 weeks Summer - 6 weeks There are also one week holidays: end of October mid February end of May
Age*
England and Wales
Scotland
1 Sept - 31 Aug
1 Sept - 29 Feb
1 Mar - 31 Aug
Year
Year
School
Key Stage
Year
4-5
Primary School or Infant School
Reception
-
Primary 1 (P1)
5-6
"
KS1
Year 1
Primary 2 (P2)
Primary 1 (P1)
6-7
"
"
Year 2
Primary 3 (P3)
Primary 2 (P2)
7-8
Primary School or Junior School
KS2
Year 3
Primary 4 (P4)
Primary 3 (P3)
8-9
"
"
Year 4
Primary 5 (P5)
Primary 4 (P4)
9-10
"
"
Year 5
Primary 6 (P6)
Primary 5 (P5)
10-11
"
"
Year 6
Primary 7 (P7)
Primary 6 (P6)
11-12
Secondary School
KS3
Year 7
12-13
"
"
Year 8
Secondary 2
13-14
"
"
Year 9
Secondary 3
14-15
"
KS4
Year 10
15-16
"
"
Year 11
Secondary 4 S4 Std Grade
16-17
6th Form at Secondary School or College
A' Level
Year 12
Secondary 5 S5 Higher
17-18
"
"
Year 13
Secondary 1
Primary 7 (P7) Secondary 1 Secondary 2 Secondary 3
Secondary 6 S6 Adv Higher
Secondary 4 S4 Std Grade Secondary 5 S5 Higher Secondary 6 S6 Adv Higher
Age 3-4 4-5
Stage Foundation
Grade
5-6
Key Stage 1
Year 1
6-7
7-8 8-9 9-10
Year 2
Key Stage 2
10-11
11-12 12-13 13-14
14-15 15-16
Key Stage 4
National tests and tasks in English and maths (SATs)
Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6
Key Stage 3
Tests
National tests in English and maths (SATs)
Year 7 Year 8 Year 9
National tests in English, maths and science (SATs)
Year 10
Some children take GCSEs
Year 11
Most children take GCSEs, GNVQs or other national qualifications
University
Birmingham University
Oxford University
Cambridge University
Conclusion of Education Similarities
Most of the pupils go to state schools
Differences
3 Terms
6 Terms
Gastronomy
Portugal
Local Specialties
Porto Mealhada
Porto
Torres Vedras and Tomar
Porto
North- “Prego em prato” South“Bitoque”
Alentejo
Mirandela Serra da Estrela
Monção
Algarve
Lisbon
Alfeizer達o, Ovar, Margaride and Arouca
Christmas Specialty Ovar
History
The “Tripas à moda do Porto” dish was created in 1415 in the taking of Ceuta commanded by the king D. João. When he asked to the porto population to give them all their meat and food to feed the tripulation of the boats that would be used in the expedition, Porto population, with nothing more than the left-overs, like the tripes of the meat that was given, cooked them inventing in this way, this well-known dish.
One of Portugal´s specialties is the Porto wine which is, in essence, a cultural landmark of the work and experience, knowledge and art that generations have accumulated. Porto wine is a key product for the national economy and even more a symbolic value that represents Portugal in the world. It was in the 17th century when the British began to import large quantities of Portuguese wine. For the drink to withstand long sea voyages, British trades added brandy in barrels. The sailors soon realized that to keep the wine longer, the addition of alcohol also brought out the flavor ( and also increased its power of drunkenness). Eventually they created Porto´s wine revenue. Today, even without the help of the sailors, the drink is still receiving doses of brandy during its manufacture. To ensure a monopoly on revenue in 1914, the Portuguese government signed a contract with England requiring that porto wine can only be produced with grapes from the region of Douro River Valley. To maintain the quality of the drink, they have banned the use of grapes from other regions.
This well known dessert was created in the middle of the nineteenth century when some employees were fired from a sugar factory. These workers, seeing themselves in this critical situation associated to try to invent something. A moment of inspiration took place and the acclaimed “Pastéis de Belém” were born .
Famous Personality of Gastronomy
Nuno Mendes grew up in Lisbon and Estoril. In the 80´s, the father, another passionate about food, introduced him to the pleasures of gastronomy. Now, with 37 years of age, he recently opened a restaurant in London called "The Traveler“, he is creating polemics because of his great creations.
Great Britain
Typical Breakfast Fish and chips
Cottage Pie Lancashire Hotpot
Roasts:
Roast Gammon
Shepherds' Pie
Black Pudding
Cumberland sausage
Bacon Roly-Poly
Bubble and squeak
History
Bangers and Mash Bangers means sausages and the reason why they choose bangers as a nickname is because during the world war two, they didn´t have oil, so they decided to use water to fry sausages. The high temperatures would make often the sausage explode, it was from this that the nickname emerged.
The Fish and chips dish emerged not only when fish started to be abundant in the north sea but also when highways were constructed, connecting the cities to ports.
There are many legends and myths concerning the origin of tea. The best known is that the emperor Shong Non, a ruler and competent lover of arts and sciences, known as the divine healer, one day, went to the garden and told his servants that he wanted boiled water, while we was waiting for water to cool, a few leaves fell from the trees into his cup, giving a taste to the water, which he loved. At that moment the use of tea was introduced. But who really introduced tea in England was the portuguese princess D. Catarina de Braganรงa. The tea was sent from Lisbon and came from China (Macau). Formerly those who drunk tea were from the high class but nowadays everyone can drink it.
Famous personality in Gastronomy
James Trevor Oliver, or simply Jamie Oliver (Clavering, Essex, May 27, 1975), is a chef and television personality in the UK. He is known for using natural and organic food and for his recent work in changing eating habits in British schools.
Conclusion Similarities
Differences
Culture
Portugal
Famous Personalities of Culture
Amalia da Piedade Rodrigues was born in Lisbon on 1st July of 1920 and died in Lisbon on 6th October of 1999. She was a singer and actress considered the epitome of fate, commonly hailed as the voice of Portugal and one of the most brilliant singers of the twentieth century.
JosĂŠ de Sousa Saramago (died in 2010) was a writer, screenwriter, essayist, journalist, playwright, short story writer, novelist and a Portuguese poet. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1998. He also won the CamĂľes Prize, the most important literary prize of the Portuguese language. Saramago was considered responsible for the effective international recognition of prose in Portuguese.
AWARDS
Pritzker Award (1992), Wolf of Arts Award (2001), Gold Medal of RIBA (2009)
Ă lvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira (Matosinhos, June 25, 1933), internationally known as Siza Vieira, is the most respected and award-winning contemporary Portuguese architect.
Manuel dos Santos (1925-1973) was the most wanted bulls killerin the world in 1950. Art lover since childhood, created the "dossantina," a new step with the swords in “tourada�. In his vast resume he included an audience of 100,000 viewers in Jakarta, Indonesia, and performances in Mexico, in three races on the same day. He won the prestigious Mexican "Rosa Guadalupe" and was knighted in Spain Order of Isabella the Catholic. In Portugal received the degree of Commander of the Order of Merit medal for volunteering and the Portuguese Communities.
Great Britain
In our country everyone is equal!!
Famous Personalities
Adele Laurie Blue Adkins born on 5th May of 1988, is known professionally as Adele, is an English singer-songwriter. She was the first recipient of the Brit Awards Critics' Choice and was named the number-one predicted breakthrough act of 2008 in an annual BBC poll of music critics, Sound of 2008. Since her debut album 19, Adele has received much recognition both commercially and critically.
Chris Oldroyd has years of piping experience. He has gained a wide reputation for professionalism reliability and versatility, with creative ideas to help you get the very best from a piper's role.
Conclusion Similarities
Differences
TH E E N D