GRD Journals | Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | National Conference on Computational Intelligence Systems (NCCIS’17) | March 2017
e-ISSN: 2455-5703
Industrial Revolution 4.0 1Kevin
Vishal K J Student 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering 1Loyola-ICAM College of Engineering and Technology(LICET) Chennai, India 1
Abstract This paper deals about how INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 is going to tune our lives based on Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Internet of things. Industrial revolution 4.0 is the next phase in digitalization of the manufacturing sector, driven by four disruptions: the astonishing rise in data volumes, computational power and connectivity, the emergence of analytics and businessintelligence capabilities; new form of human machine interactions and augmented reality. Even though we get advanced in these technologies. We should understand its consequences as well as its positive feedback. Wes should get ready to meet its core and use its fruits only for the goodness of mankind. Keyword- Technological Revolution, Computational Power, Intelligent Maintenance System __________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION We stand on the brink of a technological revolution that will fundamentally alter the way we live, work, and relate to one another. In its scale and complexity, the transformation will be unlike anything humankind has experienced before. We do not yet know just how it will unfold, but one thing is clear, the response to it must be integrated and comprehensive, involving all stakeholders of the global polity, from the public and private sectors to academia and civil society.
Fig. 1: (CNC-milling & grinding)
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / NCCIS’17 / 010)
II. EVOLUTION OF REVOLUTION
III. BASIC MEANING The term industry 4.0 was first designed by the German Government and represents the application of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Internet of things. McKinsey defines Industry 4.0 as the next phase in digitalization of the manufacturing sector, driven by four disruptions: the astonishing rise in data volumes, computational power and connectivity, the emergence of analytics and business-intelligence capabilities; new form of human machine interactions and augmented reality.
Fig. 2: Assembly line production
IV. PRINCIPLES A. Interoperability The ability of machines, devices, sensors, and people to connect and communicate with each other via the Internet of Things (IoT) or the Internet of People (IoP). B. Information Transparency The ability of information systems to create a virtual copy of the physical world by enriching digital plant models with sensor data. This requires the aggregation of raw sensor data to higher-value context information. C. Technical Assistance First, the ability of assistance systems to support humans by aggregating and visualizing information comprehensibly for making informed decisions and solving urgent problems on short notice. Second, the ability of cyber physical systems to physically suort humans by conducting a range of tasks that are unpleasant, too exhausting, or unsafe for their human co-workers.
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / NCCIS’17 / 010)
D. Decentralized Decisions The ability of cyber physical systems to make decisions on their own and to perform their tasks as autonomously as possible. Only in the case of exceptions, interferences, or conflicting goals, are tasks delegated to a higher level.
V. INDUSTRY-SCIENCE RELATION 1) 2) 3) 4)
Emphasize consistency in innovation policy. Continue to act boldly in prioritizing research funding. Expand investments in the future. Eliminate legislative obstacles to innovation.
Fig. 3: im-plant gun 5) 6) 7) 8)
Craft an innovation-friendly tax system, and provide tax incentives for research and development by business enterprises. Strengthen industry-science cooperation in lasting ways. Ensure acceptance of innovation. Attract people to research and development, and prepare them for R&D careers.
VI. CLOUD BASED DESIGN & MANU
Fig. 4: Cloud communication
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / NCCIS’17 / 010)
Cloud-based design and manufacturing (CBDM) refers to a service-oriented networked product development model in which service consumers are able to configure products or services and reconfigure manufacturing systems through Infrastructure-as-aService (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), Hardware-as-a-Service (HaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Today's manufacturing companies are undergoing a transformation towards increased digitalization, automation of manufacturing processes and as well new forms of manufacturing organization and business models. While large-size manufacturing companies are able to follow the pace of such technological developments, small-to mid-size manufacturing companies (SME) often experience substantial problems in adopting technologically and organizationally far reaching concepts as for example propagated by Industry 4.0.
Fig. 5: SIEMEN’S manufacturing using stimulation
VII.
ROLE OF DATA & ANALYTICS
Big Data Analytics consists of 6Cs in the integrated Industry 4.0: a) Connection (sensor and networks) b) Cloud (computing and data on demand)
Fig. 6: Hierarchy of Data Analytics
c) d) e) f)
Cyber (model & memory) Content/context (meaning and correlation) Community (sharing & collaboration) Customization (personalization and value).
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / NCCIS’17 / 010)
VIII. MACHINE TO MACHINE RELATION Machine to machine refers to direct communication between devices using any communications channel, including wired and wireless.
Fig. 7: Automatic manufacturing of charger head using CNC
Machine to machine communication can include industrial instrumentation, enabling a sensor or meter to communicate the data it records (such as temperature, inventory level, etc.) to application software that can use it (for example, adjusting an industrial process based on temperature or placing orders to replenish inventory). Such communication was originally accomplished by having a remote network of machines relay information back to a central hub for analysis, which would then be rerouted into a system like a personal computer.
IX. INTELLIGENT MAINTENANCE SYSTEM An intelligent maintenance system (IMS) is a system that utilizes the collected data from the machinery in order to predict and prevent the potential failures in them. The occurrence of failures in the machinery can be costly and even catastrophic.
Fig. 8: Intelligent cooling system in manufacturing plant
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In order to avoid them, there needs to be a system which analyses the behaviour of the machine and provides alarms and instructions for preventive maintenance. Analysing the behaviour of the machines has become possible by means of advanced sensors, data collection systems, data storage/transfer capabilities and data analytic tools developed for such purpose.
X. IMPACT OF 4.0 The impact on Industry4.0’s notable areas: 1) Services and business models 2) Reliability and continuous productivity 3) IT security 4) Machine safety 5) Product lifecycles 6) Industry value chain 7) Workers' education and skills 8) Socio-economic factors.
XI. CHALLENGES 1) IT security issues, which are greatly aggravated by the inherent need to open up those previously closed production shops. 2) Reliability and stability needed for critical machine-to-machine communication (M2M), including very short and stable latency times. 3) Need to maintain the integrity of production processes. 4) Need to avoid any IT snags, as those would cause expensive production outages. 5) Need to protect industrial knowhow (contained also in the control files for the industrial automation gear). 6) Lack of adequate skill-sets to expedite the march towards fourth industrial revolution. 7) Loss of many jobs to automatic processes and IT-controlled processes, society.
XII.
CONCLUSION
Even though we get advanced in these technologies. We should understand its consequences as well as its positive feedback. We should get ready to meet its core and use its fruits only for the goodness of mankind. I just ask everyone to remember that. ”WE ARE THE MASTERS OF THESE MACHINES, THEY SHOULD NOT MASTER US!”
Fig. 9: International Airport Maintained by Intelligent Operation Performance System-iOPS
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / NCCIS’17 / 010)
XIII. CNC MACHINES USED FOR MANUFACTURING PARTS WHICH IS CONTROLLED BY COMPUTERS
Fig. 10:
Fig. 11:
REFERENCES [1] Hermann, Pentek, Otto, 2016: Design Principles for Industrie 4.0 Scenarios. Published in: System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on 5-8 Jan 2016 [2] Kagermann, H., W. Wahlster and J. Helbing, eds., 2013:: Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative Industrie 4.0: Final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group. [3] BMBF-Internetredaktion (2016-01-21). "Zukunftsprojekt Industrie 4.0 - BMBF", M. Waidner and M. Kasper, "Security in industrie 4.0 - challenges and solutions for the fourth industrial revolution," 2016 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), Dresden, 2016, pp. 1303-1308.
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[4] Die Evolution zur Industrie 4.0 in derProduction. https://www.siemens.com/de/de/home/unternehmen/themenfelder/ingenuityfor-life/optima-consumer.html. [5] "With the coming of intra-atomic energy and supersonic stratosphere aviation we face an even more staggering fourth Industrial Revolution." Harry Elmer Barnes, Historical Sociology: Its Origins and Development: Theories of Social Evolution from Cave Life to Atomic Bombing (New York, 1948). [6] "After World War II, we entered a fourth industrial revolution, with great advancement in electronics." Rose, Arnold M. "Automation and the Future Society." [7] "What is the Digital Revolution? - Definition from Techopedia". Techopedia.com. [8] "What is the fourth industrial revolution?� World Economic Forum. [9] Marr, Bernard. "Why Everyone Must Get Ready For The 4th Industrial Revolution". Forbes (blog). [10] Mr. Prabhu Shankar B.E, M.E, PGDM, Asst.Professor, Loyola-ICAM College of Engineering & Technology.
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