GRD Journals | Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology (ICIET) - 2016 | July 2016
e-ISSN: 2455-5703
Green Cognitive and Cooperative Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets): Current Status and Technical Perspectives 1Bhagyalakshmi
M G 2Vaishnavi Devi S V 3Swathi V R 1 Assistant Professor 2,3B.E student 1,2,3 Department of Computer Science Engineering 1,2,3 K.L.N. College of Engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai 630612, India Abstract The future generation of wireless communication technologies is expected to be energy-smart while providing rich multimedia contents with higher Quality of Service (QoS) to the end-users, which necessitates integration of various technologies. Green Cognitive and Cooperative HetNets involve optimal integration of cognitive and cooperative communication techniques in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to increase the energy efficiency without sacrificing significantly the QoS. To reduce the energy consumption overhead introduced by cognitive and cooperative communications, there is a need to incorporate green concepts in communication technologies. Finally, design challenges in embracing green technologies to achieve Green Cognitive and Cooperative HetNets is addressed. Keyword- HetNet, Cognitive and Cooperative communication, Green communication __________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION The idea of energy efficiency in every domain has led to the concept of green cellular networking. HetNets are typically consists of several radio access technologies (RATs) where multiple low power, low cost user/operator deployed base stations are complementing the existing network. In network communication base stations are most energy consuming area according to technical analysts. The rapid development in networking has led to the increase of emission of CO2 [1]. So by reducing power consumption at base stations energy efficiency could be achieved. Meanwhile the users should be guaranteed of quality service and coverage. These aspects could be achieved by designing base station hardware in an energy efficient manner, protocols that could be used in sleep modes, cell zooming and usage of renewable energy sources [2].
Fig. 1: Power Consumption by cellular network
A. Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) The new generation of wireless user equipment and the proliferation of bandwidth-intensive applications, user data traffic and their corresponding network load are increasing in an exponential manner [5]. Most of these new data traffic requires increased link budget and coverage extension to provide good user experience. This leads to an increasing interest to deploy distributed antennas, relays and small cellular access points (such as picocells and femtocells) in homes, offices and subways. These network architectures, that may be either operator-deployed or consumer-deployed consists of a mix of low power cells underlying the macro-cell network that are commonly referred to as heterogeneous networks (HetNets) [7]. By installing additional network nodes within the local-area and bringing the network closer to users, HetNets can improve spatial reuse and provide improved coverage that allows future cellular systems to achieve higher data rates, while retaining the seamless connectivity and mobility [8].
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