GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 5 | April 2018 ISSN: 2455-5703
Cloud Computing-Technologies, Architecture, Deployment And Service Models Ch. Madhav Reddy Student Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Geethanjali college of Engineering and Technology, Cheeryal Village, keesara, Hyderabad, India
Ch. Karthik Reddy Student Department of MBA CMR college of Engineering and Technology, Medchel, Hyderabad, India
Abstract Cloud computing can run our businesses in a better and unique way. Because cloud computing runs on a shared data center. In 1990s, some companies started offering “Virtual Private Network (VPN)� services at a lower cost. The cloud symbol was used to denote the relation between provider and user. Cloud computing covers servers and network infrastructure. The main features are location and device independence. Keywords- Virtual Private Network (VPN), Cloud Computing, CRM
I. INTRODUCTION These days, most of the business applications are moving to the cloud. Cloud computing makes it possible to collaborate through mobile devices. Traditional business applications have always been expensive and complicated. The amount and variety of hardware and software required to run them are difficult. Businesses are running all kind of applications in the world like CRM, HR, accounting and more.
II. CLOUD COMPUTING Cloud is nothing but a network. Cloud Computing is the process of accessing, configuring and manipulation of online applications. It provides data storage. Cloud computing is platform independent.
A. Cloud Computing Technologies 1) Virtualization Virtualization is a technology that shares one application among multiple customers. It assigns a logical name and a pointer to physical resource when demanded.
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2) Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) Service-Oriented Architecture is a process of using applications as a service for other applications. In this, data exchange between applications is possible.
3) Grid Computing In Grid Computing, group of computers from different locations are connected with each other. The computer resources are heterogeneous and geographically dispersed.
4) Utility Computing In utility computing, services are offered using metered service.
III. CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE Two parts: – Front End – Back End
1) Front End Front End refers to the client part of cloud computing system. It consists of applications required to access the cloud computing platforms. Eg: Web Browser All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com
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2) Back End Back End refers to the cloud itself. It consists of resources required to provide the cloud computing services. It has large data storage, infrastructure, security, services, applications and servers etc. A. Cloud Infrastructure Components Cloud infrastructure has components such as management software, deployment software, hypervisor, network, server and storage.
1) Hypervisor Hypervisor is a firmware that allows sharing of single cloud resource between several customers. 2) Management Software Management Software configures and maintains the infrastructure. 3) Deployment software Deployment Software deploys and integrates the applications on cloud. 4) Network Network connects cloud services over internet. 5) Server Server offers services such as allocation, de allocation and monitoring of resources, security and computation of resource sharing. 6) Storage Cloud uses distributed file system. If one storage resource fails, then it can be extracted from another one. So, it is reliable
IV. CLOUD DEPLOYMENT MODELS These are divided into four types A. Public Cloud Model In Public Cloud Model, cloud systems and services are accessible to public. Eg. Microsoft, Google
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1) Advantages Cost Effective Reliability Flexibility Location Independence High Scalability
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2) Disadvantages Low Security Less customizable
B. Private Cloud Model In Private Cloud model, cloud systems and services are accessible within an organization. It can be internally managed or by thirdparty.
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1) Advantages Higher Security and Privacy More Control Cost and energy efficiency
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2) Disadvantages Restricted Area Inflexible Pricing Limited Scalability Additional Skills
C. Hybrid Cloud Model The Hybrid Cloud is a combination of public and private cloud. Critical activities are performed using private cloud and noncritical activities using private cloud. – – –
1) Advantages Scalability Flexibility Cost Efficiencies
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2) Disadvantages Networking Issues Security Compliance Infrastructural Dependency
D. Community Cloud Model In Community Cloud model, cloud system and services are accessible by group of organizations. It shares the infrastructure between several organizations. It can be internally managed or by third-party.
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1) Advantages Cost effective Sharing Between Organizations Security 2) Disadvantages Since all data is housed at one location, therefore one must be careful in storing data in community cloud because it might be accessible by others.
V. CLOUD SERVICE MODELS There are five cloud service models. They are – Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) Model – Platform as a Service(PaaS) Model – Software as a Service(SaaS) Model – Identity as a Service(IDaaS) Model – Network as a Service(NaaS) Model A. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) IaaS provides access to resources such as – Virtual machine disk storage – Virtual local area network (VLANs) – Load balancers – IP addresses – Software bundles – Physical and virtual machines. Using server virtualization, the above resources are made available to end client or customer. –
1) Advantages Portability, Interoperability with Legacy Applications.
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2) Disadvantages Compatibility with Legacy Security Vulnerabilities Virtual Machine Sprawl Robustness of VM-level Isolation Data Erase Practices
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3) Characteristics Virtual machines with pre-installed software. Virtual machines with pre-installed Operating Systems such as windows, Linux, and Solaris. On-demand availability of resources. Allows storing of particular data in particular location.
B. Platform as a Service (PaaS) PaaS offers development & deployment tools that are required to develop applications and run time environment for applications.
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1) Advantages Lower administrative overhead Lower total cost of ownership Scalable Solutions More current system software
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2) Disadvantages Lack of portability between PaaS clouds Event Based Processor Scheduling Security Engineering of PaaS applications
C. Software as a Service (SaaS) It refers to software that is deployed on a host service and is accessible via internet. Software as a Service (SaaS) model provides applications as a service to the end users. – – – –
1) Applications Billing and Invoicing System Customer Relationship Management (CRM) applications Help Desk Applications Human Resource (HR) Solutions
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2) Characteristics SaaS makes the software available over the internet. They are available on demand. They can be scaled up or down on demand. They are automatically upgraded and updated.
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3) Advantages Modest Software Tools Efficient use of Software Licenses Centralized Management & Data Platform responsibilities managed by provider Multitenant solutions.
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4) Disadvantages Browser based risks Network dependence Lack of portability between SaaS clouds
D. Identity as a Service (IDaaS) 1) Overview Company employees need to login to system to perform various tasks. These systems may be based on local server or cloud based. Following are the problems that an employee might face: – Remembering different username and password combinations for accessing multiple servers. – If an employee leaves the company, It's required to ensure that each of the user's account has been disabled. This increases workload on IT staff. These problems can be overcome by Identity as a Service (IDaaS). 2) Identity Objects may have same attributes but not the identities. Identity refers to a set of attributes that make it recognizable. Identity as a Service includes the following – Directory Services – Federated Services – Registration – Authentication Services – Risk and Event monitoring – Single sign-on services – Identity and Profile management
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3) Single sign-on (SSO) In Single Sign-On software, user has to login only one time and can manage the access to other systems.
4) Working of SSO
1) 2) 3) 4)
User logs into the authentication server using a username and password. The authentication server returns the user's ticket. User sends the ticket to intranet server which further sends it to authentication server. Authentication server sends the user's security credentials for that server back to the intranet server.
5) Federated Identity Management (fidm) In this, FIDM uses Security Markup Language (SAML) to package a user's security credentials.
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6) Advantages Increased site conversation rates. Access to greater user profile content. Fewer problems with lost passwords
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E. Network as a Service (naas) 1) Overview Networks as a Service allows users to access the network straight away. NaaS is also based on metered service. How naas is delivered? Here, consumer first logs to the web page. Then he pays for the usage.
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2) Advantages Independence Analytics Resilience Ease of Adding new Service Elements Isolation of customer traffic Support Models
VI. CLOUD COMPUTING CHALLENGES
1) Security & Privacy Information security should be of primal importance. By encrypting data, we can secure it. 2) Portability Applications should easily be migrated from one cloud provider to another. There should not be vendor-lock in. 3) Interoperability Application on one platform should be able to include services from other platform. 4) Computing Performance Cloud requires high network bandwidth to deliver data intensive applications.
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Cloud Computing-Technologies, Architecture, Deployment And Service Models (GRDJE/ Volume 3 / Issue 5 / 015)
5) Reliability and Availability Cloud systems should be reliable and robust because most of the businesses are now becoming dependent on services provided by third party.
VII.
ISSUES IN CLOUD COMPUTING
1) Emergency Efficient Transmission Transmission of data between cloud and mobile devices should be frequent.. 2) Architectural Issues Because of heterogeneous environment, there are some issues in architecture. 3) Live VM Migration There is difficulty in transferring an application to cloud and execute it in virtual machine. 4) Mobile Communication Congestion Workload is increased because of increased demand for cloud services. 5) Security and Privacy Since mobile users share their personal information over the cloud, safety and privacy is of primal importance.
VIII. CONCLUSION This paper discussed the definition of cloud computing, its technologies, architecture, deployment models and service models. It also addressed the challenges and issues in cloud computing. In spite of these limitations, cloud computing has many advantages and is used in many businesses.
REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4]
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/overview/what-is-cloud-computing/ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cloud_computing/index.htm https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/ https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cloud-computing.asp
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